DOCSLIB.ORG

Ethnobotanicalsurvey and Preliminary Phytochemical Evaluation Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ethnobotanicalsurvey and Preliminary Phytochemical Evaluation Of Vol. 5(9), pp. 164-169, September, 2013 DOI: 10.5897/JPP2013.0282 Journal of Pharmacognosy and ISSN 2141-2502 ©2013 Academic Journals Phytotherapy http://www.academicjournals.org/JPP Full Length Research Paper Ethnobotanical survey of plants used in the management of fertility and preliminary phytochemical evaluation of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench J. S. Ashidi1*, E. A. Olaosho1 and A. E. Ayodele2 1Department of Plant Science and Applied Zoology, OlabisiOnabanjo University Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria. 2Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Accepted 14 August, 2013 The rise and fall in fertility level remain a serious concern in economic planning nations. In spite of concerted efforts of governmental and non-governmental organization to control birth through campaign and provision of safe sex devices, yet not much success has been recorded. There is dearth of information on plants traditionally used for fertility regulation in literature. In this study an ethnobotanical survey of plants used in the management of fertility was conducted across Ago-Iwoye and Oru areas of Ijebu-North Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria. From the survey, 30 plant species which belong to 20 families were found to be used frequently by the indigenes of the areas. Most of the plants encountered (16.7%) belonged to the family Euphorbiaceae. Phytochemical evaluation of the leaves of Abelmoschus esculentus, the most prominent in the recipes indicated the presence of cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins and tannins in high concentrations while alkaloids, anthraquinones and cardenolides were absent. Moreover, the roots of A. esculentus showed high concentration of flavonoid compounds such as phenolics and saponins which were present in low concentrations while alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardenolides, cardiac glycosides and tannins were absent. Key words: Ethnobotanical survey, fertility, phytochemical evaluation. INTRODUCTION Ethnobotany and ethnomedical studies are today Fertility is the most important aspect of human life, recognized as the most viable method of identifying new which is not only an expression of miracle and mystery, medicinal plants or refocusing on those earlier reported but directly has an effect on the future of living organisms for bioactive constituents. Ethnobotanical survey has (Hoffman, 2012). The earth’s population reached seven been found to be one of the reliable approaches to drug billion in October, 2011. This global milestone is both a discovery (Fabricant and Farnsworth, 2001). Thus, it is great opportunity and a challenge. Although, people are remarkable to note that most of the drugs derived or living longer and healthier lives and couples worldwide originally isolated from higher plants were discovered in are choosing to have fewer children, yet huge disparity ethnobotanical survey around the world (Thirumalai et al., persists. The current growth rate is adding about 78 2009). Several active compounds have been discovered million more people every year (United Nations, 2010). from plants on the basis of ethnobotanical information Poor reproductive health is the leading cause of death and used directly as drugs (Carney et al., 1999). and disability among women of 15 to 49 years in develop- *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +2348056953078. Ashidi et al. 165 ing countries (World Bank, 2011). Infection associated Extraction of plant with unsafe abortion is another leading cause of infertility in Africa (Rosenfield, 1994). Abortion is not permitted The leaves and roots of A. esculentus were air dried at room temperature (20°C), oven dried (Gallenkamp hot box oven, under the law in many African countries including Nigeria. England) at 40°C, pulverized and stored in air tight container. About Consequently, women with unwanted pregnancies 300 and 400 g of the roots and leaves of A. esculentus was frequently resort to self-induced abortions or abortions macerated in 3000 and 3500 ml of ethanol (absolute), respectively done improperly under unhygienic conditions, leading to and stirred for 10 min for five consecutive days at room high rates of infections (Etuk, 2009). The current issues temperature. The plant materials, leaves and roots of A. esculentus were filtered using filter paper and the extract was concentrated on fertility with the trend in global population have using a water bath and a rotary evaporator (Buchirotavapor R110) proffered little or no solution to reproductive health, at 75°C. because the economic cost of maintaining reproductive health is high (United Nations, 2012). However, the use of natural products as alternative Phytochemical screening therapy is common in countries with populations that do Phytochemical screening was carried out on the leaves and roots of not have access to scientific medical assistance. Plants A. esculentus to test for alkaloids, anthraquinone glycosides, and their extracts are used popularly for fertility control, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins and tannins using and for producing temporary sterility, possibly by standard protocols according to Sofowora (1993), Harborne (1992) interfering with embryonic implantation. Several plants and Trease and Evans(2002). have been confirmed as antifertility, abortive, uterine stimulant, estrogenic or cytotoxic agents in animals and RESULTS humans (Farnsworth et al., 1975). Besides, research has shown that some medicinal and highly nutritive plants Table 1 lists the 30 plant species documented for the when taken in diet for their known properties have management of fertility in the study area. The species accidental effects on the sex hormones of the individual belong to 20 different families (Table 2). The family ingesting it (Williamson et al., 1996). The very recent is Euphorbiaceae had the highest number of plants (5 or the work of Erhabor et al. (2013) who reported the use of 16.7%), followed by the Compositae (3 or 9.9%), thirty one medicinal plants commonly used by Ifa Nkari Cucurbitaceae (3 or 9.9%), Melastomataceae (2 or 6.7%) people of Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria in the management and Caesalpiniaceae (2 or 6.7%). The rest of the families of male infertility. had 1 or 3.3% occurrence (Table 3). The aim of this study was to document ethnobotanical information on plants used in the management of fertility and to evaluate the phytochemicals present in the leaves DISCUSSION and roots of Abelmoschus nesculentus (L.) Moench which was the most prominent plant in the recipes Indigenous people have a vast knowledge on medicinal obtained. plants and there is a need to document this knowledge for continuity and discovery of new drugs. Fertility is the MATERIALS AND METHODS most important aspect of human life, which is not only an expression of miracle and mystery but directly have an Ethnobotanical survey effect on the future of living organisms (Hoffman, 2012); hence, the concept of fertility regulation is not a new one. This survey was carried out across Ago-Iwoye and Oru in Ijebu- The use of plants as abortifacients, emmenagogues, and North Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria (6°56’N 3°48’E to as local contraceptives had been known and to some 7°00’N 4°00’E). A semi structured questionnaire was used to gather information on plants commonly used in the management of fertility extent documented by the ancient physicians (Rodrigues, in these areas. Relevant information on the plants, parts used, 2007). Different plants of medicinal value are found to mode of preparation, mode of administration and precautions were interfere with the different stages of reproduction. obtained from the herbal practitioners. The questionnaire was The present study recorded 30 plants used by the administered to twenty traditional healers with notable records of natives of Ago-Iwoye and Oru areas of Ijebu North Local success and good patronage in the herbal practice in the study area. Government in Ogun State, Nigeria. As far as we could ascertain, nineteen (19) of the plants have not been previously reported for abortifacient effect in women just Collection of plant as eleven (11) have been reported and investigated for anti fertility effect in men and women. Fresh leaves and roots of A. esculentus were collected in August Significant findings in this study suggest the 2012 from commercial farms. The plant was identified and abortifacient properties of the roots and leaves of A. authenticated at the Elikaf Herbarium of the Department of Plant Science and Applied Zoology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago- esculentus contrary to the deleterious effect of the Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria, and the voucher specimen was also aqueous fruit extract of A. esculentus on some male kept and was allocated EHA 00323. reproductive parameters in Sprague Dawley rats 166 J. Pharmacognosy Phytother. Table 1. Plants used in the management of fertility in Ago Iwoye and Oru areas of Ogun State, Nigeria. S/N Taxon Family Common/ local names Part used Recipe/Dosage Reported anti-fertility activity Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Leaves or roots are pulverized and mixed This is also reported by Olatunji- 1 Malvaceae Gumbo, Ila, lady’s finger Leaves, roots Moench with 5 ml of water; administered orally once Bello et al. (2009). Leaves are finely powdered and mixed with This is also reported by Lemonica 2 Acanthospermum hispidum DC. Compositae Dagunro Leaves 10 ml of water; two full tablespoons are and Alvarenga (1994). taken once Decoction is prepared by boiling the roots This is also reported by Babalola 3 Baphia
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Development of Indigenous Cucumis Technologies (Icts) to Alleviate the Void Created by the Withdrawal of Synthetic Nematicides from the Agro-Chemical Market
    International Scholars Journals African Journal of Soil Science ISSN 2375-088X Vol. 3 (8), pp. 161-166, August, 2015. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. Review Development of Indigenous Cucumis Technologies (ICTs) to alleviate the void created by the withdrawal of synthetic nematicides from the agro-chemical market *Trevor Mixwell, Bokang Montjane and Pietie Vermaak Department of Soil Science, Plant Production and Agricultural Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa. Accepted 16 July, 2015 The ”Indigenous Cucumis Technologies” (ICTs) were researched and developed for the management of plant- parasitic nematodes, particularly Meloidogyne species, in an attempt to alleviate the void created by the withdrawal of synthetic nematicides from the agro-chemical markets and the drawbacks associated with the use of conventional organic matter as a nematode management practice. Currently, ICTs comprises of four technology types, namely (1) ground leaching, (2) nematode resistance, (3) inter-generic grafting and (4) fermented crude extracts. ICTs, in their various forms, consistently suppressed the nematode numbers and improved crop yields in experimental trials carried out in Limpopo Province, Republic of South Africa. The present paper reviews a decade of successful research and development in ICTs for the management of root- knot nematodes in low-input agricultural farming systems. Key words: Cucumis species, fermented crude extract, ground leaching technology, inter-generic grafting, nematode resistance. INTRODUCTION Worldwide, the withdrawal of highly effective synthetic Been estimated at US $125 billion prior to the final fumigants used in the management of plant-parasitic withdrawal of methyl bromide from agro-chemical markets nematode populations has had economic consequences in in 2005 (Chitwood, 2003).
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation Genetics – Heat Map Analysis of Nussrs of Adna of Archaeological Watermelons (Cucurbitaceae, Citrullus L. Lanatus) Compared to Current Varieties
    ® Genes, Genomes and Genomics ©2012 Global Science Books Conservation Genetics – Heat Map Analysis of nuSSRs of aDNA of Archaeological Watermelons (Cucurbitaceae, Citrullus l. lanatus) Compared to Current Varieties Gábor Gyulai1* • Zoltán Szabó1,2 • Barna Wichmann1 • András Bittsánszky1,3 • Luther Waters Jr.4 • Zoltán Tóth1 • Fenny Dane4 1 St. Stephanus University, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, GBI, Gödöll, H-2103 Hungary 2 Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Gödöll, H-2100 Hungary 3 Plant Protection Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, H-1525 Hungary 4 Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama AL 36849, USA Corresponding author : * [email protected] ABSTRACT Seed remains of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus lanatus) were excavated from two sites dating from the 13th (Debrecen) and 15th centuries (Budapest) Hungary. Morphological characterization, aDNA (ancient DNA) extraction, microsatellite analyses, and in silico sequence alignments were carried out. A total of 598 SSR fragments of 26 alleles at 12 microsatellite loci of DNAs were detected in the medieval and current watermelons. A heat map analysis using double dendrograms based on microsatellite fragment patterns revealed the closest th th similarity to current watermelons with red flesh (13 CENT) and yellow flesh (15 CENT) colors. In silico studies on cpDNA and mtDNA of watermelon revealed new data on Citrullus genome constitution. The results provide new tools to reconstruct and ‘resurrect’ extinct plants from aDNA used
    [Show full text]
  • The Toxic Effects of Cucurbitacin in Paddy Melon (Cucumis Myriocarpus) on Rats
    International Journal of Research and Review www.ijrrjournal.com E-ISSN: 2349-9788; P-ISSN: 2454-2237 Original Research Article The Toxic Effects of Cucurbitacin in Paddy Melon (Cucumis Myriocarpus) on Rats Violet Nakhungu Momanyi Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), National Agricultural, Research Laboratories (NARL), P.O. Box 14733-00800, NAIROBI, Kenya. Received: 16/09/2016 Revised: 28/09/2016 Accepted: 28/09/2016 ABSTRACT Untold losses of livestock are caused by various poisonous plant families each year globally, through death, physical malformation, abortion and lowered gain. Such families include; Solanaceae, Apocynaceae, Euphobiaceae and Cucubitaceae, where paddy melon (Cucumis myriocarpus) belongs. The main objective of the study was to carry out acute toxicity test of crude cucurbitacin in the ripe fruits of paddy melon (Cucumis myriocarpus) and determine its lethal dose (LD50) on laboratory rats. The crude extract of paddy melon was highly lethal, with an LD50 of 0.68g/kg body weight. Key words: Cucumis myriocarpus, Toxicity, rats, LD50. INTRODUCTION parasympatholytic alkaloids, atropine, Plant poisonings cause about 10-25 hyascine and hyoscyanine exert an % livestock losses due to lack of knowledge antimuscarinic effect causing neurological on the chemical composition, medicinal and disorders without pathological lesions toxic effects of many pasture plants. (Matthews and Endress, 2004). Solanaceae family like Daturastramonium Neurological disorders with distinct contain Atropine toxins which exert an pathological lesions are caused by plants antimuscarine effect blocking transmission which produce mycotoxins that cause of autonomic impulses at ganglia and muscle tremors, greyish-white areas of neuromuscular junctions (Kurzbaumet al., hyaline degeneration and necrosis 2001). Those of Apocynaceae like particularly near the insertions and origins Acokanthera spp.
    [Show full text]
  • A COMPARATIVE PHENOLOGICAL and GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS of TWO INVASIVE WEEDS, CAMEL MELON (CITRULLUS LANATUS (Thunb.) Matsum
    23rd Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference The Sebel Cairns, 26-29 September 2011 A COMPARATIVE PHENOLOGICAL AND GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF TWO INVASIVE WEEDS, CAMEL MELON (CITRULLUS LANATUS (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai var. LANATUS) AND PRICKLY PADDY MELON (CUCUMIS MYRIOCARPUS L.), IN INLAND AUSTRALIA Razia S. Shaik1, Leslie A. Weston1, Geoff Burrows 2 and David Gopurenko 3 1Charles Sturt University, E. H. Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 2Charles Sturt University, School of Agriculture and Wine Sciences, Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 3NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga NSW 2650 ABSTRACT The biological attributes of two invasive weed species, prickly paddy melon and camel melon, were studied in different disturbed habitats of the Riverina region, NSW during 2010-2011. Seedlings first germinated in early to mid November 2010, once optimal soil temperatures were achieved. Flowering began in both species, generally 35 to 45 days following seedling establishment. Both species exhibited monoecious tendencies, with production of male flowers rapidly followed by production of both male and female flowers on the same vine. Both species exhibited prolific fruit production at all sites, until senescence occurred, at 150-180 days following establishment. Date of senescence varied among sites and species. Molecular genetic sequences analysis of chloroplast (MatK) and nuclear (G3pdh) genes was used to assay population genetic diversity and to verify species identity of melon species sampled from geographically diverse locations in Australia. Genetic variation within the species was not observed among the Australian populations at either of the assayed genes. This lack of genetic diversity may have resulted from a limited entry by each of the species into Australia and or sustained population bottlenecks following their entry.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Species
    Birdlife Australia Gluepot Reserve PLANT SPECIES LIST These are species recorded by various observers. Species in bold have been vouchered. The list is being continually updated NATIVE SPECIES Species name Common name Acacia acanthoclada Harrow Wattle Acacia aneura Mulga Acacia brachybotrya Grey Mulga Acacia colletioides Wait a While Acacia hakeoides Hakea leaved Wattle Acacia halliana Hall’s Wattle Acacia ligulata Sandhill Wattle Acacia nyssophylla Prickly Wattle Acacia oswaldii Boomerang Bush Acacia rigens Needle Wattle Acacia sclerophylla var. sclerophylla Hard Leaved Wattle Acacia wilhelmiana Wilhelm’s Wattle Actinobole uliginosum Flannel Cudweed Alectryon oleifolius ssp. canescens Bullock Bush Amphipogon caricinus Long Grey Beard Grass Amyema miquelii Box Mistletoe Amyema miraculosa ssp. boormanii Fleshy Mistletoe Amyema preissii Wire Leaved Acacia Mistletoe Angianthus tomentosus Hairy Cup Flower Atriplex acutibractea Pointed Salt Bush Atriplex rhagodioides Spade Leaved Salt Bush Atriplex stipitata Bitter Salt Bush Atriplex vesicaria Bladder Salt Bush Austrodanthonia caespitosa Wallaby Grass Austrodanthonia pilosa Wallaby Grass Austrostipa elegantissima Elegant Spear Grass Austrostipa hemipogon Half Beard Spear grass Austrostipa nitida Balcarra Spear grass Austrostipa scabra ssp. falcata Rough Spear Grass Austrostipa scabra ssp. scabra Rough Spear Grass Austrostipa tuckeri Tucker’s Spear grass Baeckea crassifolia Desert Baeckea Baeckea ericaea Mat baeckea Bertya tasmanica ssp vestita Mitchell’s Bertya Beyeria lechenaultii Mallefowl
    [Show full text]
  • Cucurbitaceae 2014 Proceedings
    CUCURBITACEAE 2014 PROCEEDINGS October 12-16, 2014 Bay Harbor, Michigan 3URFHHGLQJVFRYHU),1$/LQGG $0 Cucurbitaceae 2014 Proceedings October 12–16, 2014 Bay Harbor, Michigan, USA Organizing Committee Rebecca Grumet (Chair), Michigan State University Brad Day, Michigan State University Michael Havey, USDA–ARS and University of Wisconsin–Madison Yiqun Weng, USDA–ARS and University of Wisconsin–Madison copyright 2014 American Society for Horticultural Science, 1018 Duke Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-3512 ISBN 978-0-9830932-2-0 Cucurbitaceae 2014 i Cucurbitaceae 2014 Proceedings EDITORS Michael Havey, USDA–ARS and University of Wisconsin–Madison Yiqun Weng, USDA–ARS and University of Wisconsin–Madison Brad Day, Michigan State University Rebecca Grumet, Michigan State University SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Catherine Dogimont, INRA, Avignon, France Hiroshi Ezura, University of Tsukuba, Japan Zhangjun Fei, Cornell University, USA Jordi Garcia Mas, IRTA, Barcelona, Spain Mary Hausbeck, Michigan State University, USA Nurit Katzir, ARO, Newe Ya’ar, Israel Amnon Levi, USDA–ARS, Charleston SC, USA Feishi Luan, NE Agricultural University, Harbin, China Nebahat Sari, Cukurova University, Turkey Jos Suelmann, Nunhems Seeds, Netherlands Yaakov Tadmor, ARO, Newe Ya’ar, Israel Alyson Thornton, Harris Moran Seed Company, USA Todd Wehner, North Carolina State University, USA Shmuel Wolf, Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel Bernie Zandstra, Michigan State University, USA Xingping Zhang, Hailiang, China Due to the cost of printing color figures, authors chose to publish figures in black-and-white. If a figure caption references color(s), please contact the corresponding author for a color version of the figure. ii Cucurbitaceae 2014 Preface On behalf of the organizing committee, we welcome you to Cucurbitaceae 2014.
    [Show full text]
  • CGC 16 (1993) Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative
    CGC 16 (1993) Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report No. 16 July 1993 Table of Contents (article titles linked to html files) Introduction Comments from the CGC Coordinating Committee Comments from the CGC Gene List Committee Comments from the CGC Gene Curators 16th Annual CGC Business Meeting 1992 Cucurbit Conference 1993 Watermelon Research Group Meeting US Cucurbit Crop Advisory Committee 1992-93 Update Upcoming Meetings of Interest to Cucurbit Researchers Cucurbitaceae '94 Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) 1. Correlations between years for foliar gummy stem blight disease ratings on field grown cucumbers Paul C. St. Amand and Todd C. Wehner (USA) CGC 16:1-2 (1993) 2. Turgid flowers are essential for good fruit and seed set in cucumber R. Szegedi, I. Csernia and P. Milotay (Hungary) CGC 16:3-4 (1993) 3. Vine rolling vs. conventional multiple harvest of cucumbers in North Carolina Todd C. Wehner and Conrad H. Miller (USA) CGC 16:5-7 (1993) 4. Observations in fruit netting in cucumber Michael S. Uchneat and Todd C. Wehner (USA) CGC 16:8-9 (1993) 5. Leaf structure and photosynthetic relations in Cucumis sativus var. sativus and Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii J.E. Staub and B.E. Struckmeyer (USA) CGC 16:10-13 (1993) 6. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) induced mutations: A Phaseolus leaf mutant M. Rucinska, E. Bergier, K. Niemirowicz-Szczytt and A. Korzeniewska (Poland) CGC 16:14-17 (1993) 7. Independence of fruit length and 10 other characters in cucumber Nick E. Fanourakis (Greece) CGC 16:18-21 (1993) 8. Diallel analysis of cucumber germination at optimum and suboptimal temperatures P.
    [Show full text]
  • A COMPARATIVE PHENOLOGICAL and GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS of TWO INVASIVE WEEDS, CAMEL MELON (CITRULLUS LANATUS (Thunb.) Matsum
    23rd Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference The Sebel Cairns, 26-29 September 2011 A COMPARATIVE PHENOLOGICAL AND GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF TWO INVASIVE WEEDS, CAMEL MELON (CITRULLUS LANATUS (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai var. LANATUS) AND PRICKLY PADDY MELON (CUCUMIS MYRIOCARPUS L.), IN INLAND AUSTRALIA Razia S. Shaik1, Leslie A. Weston1, Geoff Burrows 2 and David Gopurenko 3 1Charles Sturt University, E. H. Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 2Charles Sturt University, School of Agriculture and Wine Sciences, Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 3NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga NSW 2650 ABSTRACT The biological attributes of two invasive weed species, prickly paddy melon and camel melon, were studied in different disturbed habitats of the Riverina region, NSW during 2010-2011. Seedlings first germinated in early to mid November 2010, once optimal soil temperatures were achieved. Flowering began in both species, generally 35 to 45 days following seedling establishment. Both species exhibited monoecious tendencies, with production of male flowers rapidly followed by production of both male and female flowers on the same vine. Both species exhibited prolific fruit production at all sites, until senescence occurred, at 150-180 days following establishment. Date of senescence varied among sites and species. Molecular genetic sequences analysis of chloroplast (MatK) and nuclear (G3pdh) genes was used to assay population genetic diversity and to verify species identity of melon species sampled from geographically diverse locations in Australia. Genetic variation within the species was not observed among the Australian populations at either of the assayed genes. This lack of genetic diversity may have resulted from a limited entry by each of the species into Australia and or sustained population bottlenecks following their entry.
    [Show full text]
  • October 2020
    FREE! OCTOBER 2020 All in the Head: Animal Telepathy Plus Halloween 2020 Horse Costumes, Fall Treat Ingredients, NFR and Cowboy Christmas Update, Paddy Melon Dangers, and more! VALLEY HORSE NEWS is a monthly All Breed Equine Publication. We are distributed in Nevada, Utah, Arizona and Southern California. Pick up a FREE copy at a tack, feed, or western wear store near you! PAGE 02 • VALLEY HORSE NEWS • ISSUE 319 • OCTOBER 2020 Callie Klein HORSE HEAVEN Hey you! Western Dressage | Classical Dressage Natural Horsemanship | Centered Riding Removal Service 24/7 Get the word out with your Certified Pro Instructor | Clinician business card... 702-326-9440 Rudy Cell: 702-580-2894 CallieKlein.com Here! Increase Your Deb Cell: 702-538-3211 Confidence & Enjoyment! SHADES 4 Post Canopy Horse Shades. Easy and quick GALA STUD RANCH to assemble. 18’x18’x10’ all galvanized 11 Acres, 12 pastures with daily turnout 3 Barns, oversized stalls with in & outs, Arena, ½ mile bridle path. construction $1150 each. Highly experienced Horseman Owner/Manager and a live in onsite caretaker. 5 minutes from the airport. Free delivery in Las Vegas. Now accepting applications commencing January 2020! 702-433-6074 www.galastudranch.com Ph: 702.912.1461 Miss Rodeo M & C H a y Nevada Quality Alfalfa & Timothy Hay Miss Rodeo Nevada Association Matt Morrison 1409 Big Valley Lane, Las Vegas, NV 775-237-5510 Serving the Southwest [email protected] 89081- [email protected] www.mchaynevada.com since 1992! WWW.MISSRODEONEVADA.COM Eureka, NV-Diamond Valley TERRI GAMBOA
    [Show full text]
  • The Palatability, and Potential Toxicity of Australian Weeds to Goats
    1 The palatability, and potential toxicity of Australian weeds to goats Helen Simmonds, Peter Holst, Chris Bourke 2 Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation Level 1, AMA House 42 Macquarie Street BARTON ACT 2600 PO Box 4776 KINGSTON ACT 2604 AUSTRALIA © 2000 Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation All rights reserved. The views expressed and the conclusions reached in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of persons consulted. RIRDC shall not be responsible in any way whatsoever to any person who relies in whole or in part on the contents of this report. National Library of Australia Cataloguing in Publication entry: Simmonds, Helen. The palatability, and potential toxicity of Australian weeds to goats. New ed. Includes index. ISBN 0 7347 1216 2 1. Weeds-goats-toxicity-palatability-Australia. i. Holst, Peter. ii. Bourke, Chris. iii. Title. 3 CONTENTS Page Preface i A comment on weed control ii The potential toxicity of weeds to goats.....................................1 Weeds - thought to be highly or moderately toxic to goats ........5 - thought to have low toxicity to goats..........................90 The palatability of weeds to goats..........................................138 The botanical name for weeds listed by their common name 142 The common name for some Australian weeds .....................147 Table of herbicide groups ......................................................151 Further reading .......................................................................152
    [Show full text]
  • The Biology and Management of Prickly Paddy Melon (Cucumis Myriocarpus L.), an Important Summer Annual Weed in Australia
    Crop Protection 92 (2017) 29e40 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Crop Protection journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/cropro Review The biology and management of prickly paddy melon (Cucumis myriocarpus L.), an important summer annual weed in Australia * Razia S. Shaik a, d, , Geoffrey E. Burrows a, d, Nigel A.R. Urwin c, d, David Gopurenko b, d, Brendan J. Lepschi e, Leslie A. Weston d a School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia b NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Pine Gully Rd, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia c Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Port Macquarie, NSW 2444, Australia d Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia e Australian National Herbarium, Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia article info abstract Article history: Cucumis myriocarpus is an annual cucurbitaceous summer weed infesting fallow fields and pastures. Received 18 July 2016 Infestation results in reduced moisture availability for winter cereal crops as well as reduced crop yields Received in revised form and pasture quality. The need to manage this weed is of paramount importance given its adverse effects 2 October 2016 on farming systems, biodiversity and grazing livestock and its ranking as the number one weed of Accepted 7 October 2016 importance in Australian summer fallows of grain crops. Land management practices, including move- ment of grazing animals and over-stocking, are potentially assisting the spread of Cucumis myriocarpus fruits and viable seed.
    [Show full text]
  • Weed Control Using Goats
    This 'Weed Control Using Goats' manual is provided under Creative Commons Licence CC-BY-SA 4.0 For more information go to www.mla.com.au/creative-commons © Meat & Livestock Australia Weed control using goats A guide to using goats for weed control in pastures Weed control using goats A guide to using goats for weed control in pastures Contact: Meat & Livestock Australia Ph: 1800 023 100 Published by Meat & Livestock Australia Limited ABN: 39 081 678 364 Reprinted with amendments May 2007 © Meat & Livestock Australia, 1993 ISBN: 1 7403 6248 9 This publication is published by Meat & Livestock Australia Limited ABN 39 081 678 364 (MLA). Care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However MLA cannot accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information or opinions contained in the publication. You should make your own enquiries before making decisions concerning your interests. The inclusion of trade or company names in this publication does not imply endorsement of any product or company by MLA or any contributor to this publication. MLA and the contributors to this publication are not liable to you or any third party for any losses, costs or expenses resulting from any use or misuse of the information contained in this publication. Introduction 1 How goats control weeds 1 What type of goat? 1 The goat’s role 2 Pasture management 2 Preparation 3 Weed palatability determines stock ratio 4 Weed palatability 5 Highly palatable weeds 5 Moderately palatable weeds – growth stage 6 Moderately palatable weeds – availability 8 Husbandry 9 Miscellaneous 10 Conclusion 10 Appendix 11 contents Glossary 15 Peak industry council 16 Breed societies 16 Further reading 16 Introduction along fence lines.
    [Show full text]