Dhamma Vanam: Trees of Enlightenment of Buddhas
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Five Hundred Plant Species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java a Checklist Including Sundanese Names, Distribution and Use
Five hundred plant species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java A checklist including Sundanese names, distribution and use Hari Priyadi Gen Takao Irma Rahmawati Bambang Supriyanto Wim Ikbal Nursal Ismail Rahman Five hundred plant species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java A checklist including Sundanese names, distribution and use Hari Priyadi Gen Takao Irma Rahmawati Bambang Supriyanto Wim Ikbal Nursal Ismail Rahman © 2010 Center for International Forestry Research. All rights reserved. Printed in Indonesia ISBN: 978-602-8693-22-6 Priyadi, H., Takao, G., Rahmawati, I., Supriyanto, B., Ikbal Nursal, W. and Rahman, I. 2010 Five hundred plant species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java: a checklist including Sundanese names, distribution and use. CIFOR, Bogor, Indonesia. Photo credit: Hari Priyadi Layout: Rahadian Danil CIFOR Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede Bogor Barat 16115 Indonesia T +62 (251) 8622-622 F +62 (251) 8622-100 E [email protected] www.cifor.cgiar.org Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) CIFOR advances human wellbeing, environmental conservation and equity by conducting research to inform policies and practices that affect forests in developing countries. CIFOR is one of 15 centres within the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). CIFOR’s headquarters are in Bogor, Indonesia. It also has offices in Asia, Africa and South America. | iii Contents Author biographies iv Background v How to use this guide vii Species checklist 1 Index of Sundanese names 159 Index of Latin names 166 References 179 iv | Author biographies Hari Priyadi is a research officer at CIFOR and a doctoral candidate funded by the Fonaso Erasmus Mundus programme of the European Union at Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. -
Medicinal Practices of Sacred Natural Sites: a Socio-Religious Approach for Successful Implementation of Primary
Medicinal practices of sacred natural sites: a socio-religious approach for successful implementation of primary healthcare services Rajasri Ray and Avik Ray Review Correspondence Abstract Rajasri Ray*, Avik Ray Centre for studies in Ethnobiology, Biodiversity and Background: Sacred groves are model systems that Sustainability (CEiBa), Malda - 732103, West have the potential to contribute to rural healthcare Bengal, India owing to their medicinal floral diversity and strong social acceptance. *Corresponding Author: Rajasri Ray; [email protected] Methods: We examined this idea employing ethnomedicinal plants and their application Ethnobotany Research & Applications documented from sacred groves across India. A total 20:34 (2020) of 65 published documents were shortlisted for the Key words: AYUSH; Ethnomedicine; Medicinal plant; preparation of database and statistical analysis. Sacred grove; Spatial fidelity; Tropical diseases Standard ethnobotanical indices and mapping were used to capture the current trend. Background Results: A total of 1247 species from 152 families Human-nature interaction has been long entwined in has been documented for use against eighteen the history of humanity. Apart from deriving natural categories of diseases common in tropical and sub- resources, humans have a deep rooted tradition of tropical landscapes. Though the reported species venerating nature which is extensively observed are clustered around a few widely distributed across continents (Verschuuren 2010). The tradition families, 71% of them are uniquely represented from has attracted attention of researchers and policy- any single biogeographic region. The use of multiple makers for its impact on local ecological and socio- species in treating an ailment, high use value of the economic dynamics. Ethnomedicine that emanated popular plants, and cross-community similarity in from this tradition, deals health issues with nature- disease treatment reflects rich community wisdom to derived resources. -
LỊCH SỬ PHẬT VÀ BỒ TÁT (Phan Thượng Hải)
LỊCH SỬ PHẬT VÀ BỒ TÁT (Phan Thượng Hải) Lịch sử Phật Giáo bắt đầu ở Ấn Độ. Từ Phật Giáo Nguyên Thủy sinh ra Phật Giáo Đại Thừa. Đại Thừa gọi Phật Giáo Nguyên Thủy là Tiểu Thừa. Sau đó Bí Mật Phật Giáo (Mật Giáo) thành lập nên Đại Thừa còn được gọi là Hiển Giáo. Mật Giáo truyền sang Trung Quốc lập ra Mật Tông và sau đó truyền sang Nhật Bản là Chơn Ngôn Tông (Chân Ngôn Tông). Mật Giáo cũng truyền sang Tây Tạng thành ra Kim Cang Thừa. Ngày nay những Tông Thừa nầy tồn tại trong Phật Giáo khắp toàn thế giới. Từ vị Phật có thật trong lịch sử là Thích Ca Mâu Ni Phật, chư Phật và chư Bồ Tát cũng có lịch sử qua kinh điển và triết lý của Tông Thừa Phật Giáo. Bố Cục Phật Giáo Nguyên Thủy Thích Ca Mâu Ni Phật (trang 2) Nhân Gian Phật (Manushi Buddha) (trang 7) Đại Thừa Tam Thế Phật (trang 7) Bồ Tát (trang 11) Quan Tự Tại - Quan Thế Âm (Avalokiteshvara) (trang 18) Tam Thân Phật (trang 28) Báo Thân và Tịnh Độ (trang 33) A Di Đà Phật và Tịnh Độ Tông (trang 35) Bàn Thờ và Danh Hiệu (trang 38) Kim Cang Thừa Tam Thân Phật và Bồ Tát (trang 41) Thiền Na Phật (Dhyana Buddha) (trang 42) A Đề Phật (trang 45) Nhân Gian Phật (Manushi Buddha) (trang 46) Bồ Tát (trang 46) Minh Vương (trang 49) Hộ Pháp (trang 51) Hộ Thần (trang 53) Consort và Yab-Yum (trang 55) Chơn Ngôn Tông và Mật Tông (trang 57) PHẬT GIÁO NGUYÊN THỦY Phật Giáo thành lập và bắt đầu với Thích Ca Mâu Ni Phật. -
Formulation of Herbal Skin Lotion from Ficus Racemosa, Citrus Limon, Azadirachta Indica, and Aloe Barbadensis Miller
Volume 5, Issue 5, May – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology ISSN No:-2456-2165 Formulation of herbal skin lotion from Ficus racemosa, Citrus limon, Azadirachta indica, and Aloe barbadensis miller Swapnali S Ilhe*, Shubhangi B Hase*, Akshay S Jadhav* Yogesh U Gulve*, Aniket B Jadhav*, Shrikrushna R Jagadale* *Pratibhatai pawar college of pharmacy, shrirampur, Ahmednagar. University: D BATU lonere, Raigad, Maharashtra, India. Abstract:- Now a days lots of cosmetics or skin lotions This product have ability to cure acne, pimples, available in market having chemical origin. They have rashes, black spots, inflammation, dryness etc. It also lots of side effects. On the other hand beauty is also helpful for the removal of dead cells on outer surface of the important. But by using this chemical cosmetics skin skin. This product have antibacterial, disinfective, shows many side effects i.e. burning, irritation, itching, astringent, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-aging, skin dryness, redness etc. softening, moisturizing and healing property. Which are very important for the skin nourishment . To overcome this problems the herbal based cosmetics are used. they are effective, eco-friendly, safe The product contains: to use, cheaper than the chemical based, having anti- Ficus racemosa aging, antioxidant, antimicrobial, disinfectant, healing, Azadirachta indica astringent, skin softening and moisturizing properties Aloe barbadensis miller without any side effects. Citrus limon Honey Keywords:- Herbal Cosmetics, Effective, Economic, Safe to Rose water etc. Use, Beauty Product. A. Ficus racemosa : I. INTRODUCTION Common name : Cluster fig There are so many problems like acne, black heads, Botanical name : Ficus racemosa pimples, dryness and wrinkles on skin, which affect on Kingdom : Plantae your beauty. -
Beyond the Tipitaka
1 Beyond the Tipiṭaka A Field Guide to Post-canonical Pāḷi Literature © 2002 access-to-insight Note on the 2016 ABT edition I have somewhat updated this document, which in substance was prepared by John Bullit for Access to Insight in 2003. Diacritics have been added by Ashin Sopāka. Corrections and rearrangements have been made by myself, without notice. One major difference is the inclusion of Ven Buddhadatta’s works amongst the commentaries, which is how they have always been treated by the tradition, and not in the Abhidhamma Manuals and Miscellaneous sections. I have not expanded it greatly, but have made a couple of additions, when materials didn’t seem to be known to the original author.1 Anandajoti Bhikkhu November, 2016 1 For comprehensive coverage of these materials see Ven. Nyanatusita’s, A Reference Table of Pali Literature (Wheel BP607S). 2 Table of Contents Introduction The origins of the post-canonical texts Why these texts matter The authority of the texts A Field Guide Commentaries and Sub-commentaries Para-canonical Texts Chronicles and Historical Accounts The Life of the Buddha Abhidhamma Manuals Miscellaneous Sources Beyond the Tipiṭaka – 3 Preface A quick glance through the pages of the Pāli Text Society’s publications catalog should be enough to convince anyone that there is much more to classical Pāḷi literature than the Tipiṭaka alone. Intermingled with the familiar Nikāyas, Vinaya texts, and Abhidhamma are scores of titles with long, scarcely-pronounceable Pāḷi names. Although many western students of Buddhism may be unacquainted with these works (indeed, most have never been translated into English), these books have for centuries played a crucial role in the development of Buddhist thought and practice across Asia and, ultimately, the West. -
Morphological Diversity and Function of the Stigma in Ficus Species (Moraceae) Simone Pádua Teixeira, Marina F.B
Morphological diversity and function of the stigma in Ficus species (Moraceae) Simone Pádua Teixeira, Marina F.B. Costa, João Paulo Basso-Alves, Finn Kjellberg, Rodrigo A.S. Pereira To cite this version: Simone Pádua Teixeira, Marina F.B. Costa, João Paulo Basso-Alves, Finn Kjellberg, Rodrigo A.S. Pereira. Morphological diversity and function of the stigma in Ficus species (Moraceae). Acta Oeco- logica, Elsevier, 2018, 90, pp.117-131. 10.1016/j.actao.2018.02.008. hal-02333104 HAL Id: hal-02333104 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02333104 Submitted on 25 Oct 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Morphological diversity and function of the stigma in Ficus species (Moraceae) Simone Pádua Teixeiraa,∗, Marina F.B. Costaa,b, João Paulo Basso-Alvesb,c, Finn Kjellbergd, Rodrigo A.S. Pereirae a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil b PPG em Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Campinas, SP, Brazil c Instituto de Pesquisa do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, DIPEQ, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil d CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier, EPHE, 1919 route de Mende, F-34293, Montpellier Cédex 5, France e Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. -
Buddhist Birth-Stories; Jataka Tales. the Commentarial Introd. Entitled
Broabwa\> {Translations wither nor custom stale "Age cannot her, " Her infinite variety BUDDHIST ACADEMY MONTREAL, CANADA Broabwa\> translations BUDDHIST BIRTH-STORIES (JATAKA TALES) The Commentarial Introduction Entitled NIDANA-KATHA THE STORT OF THE LINEAGE Translated from Prof. V. Fausboll -s edition of the Pali text by T. W. RHYS DAVIDS New and Revised Edition by MRS RHYS DAVIDS, D.Lrrr., M.A. LONDON GEORGE ROUTLEDGE fcf SONS LTD. NEW YORK: E. P. DUTTON CO. ^^ PRINTED IN GKEAT BRITAIN BY STEPHEN AUSTIN AND SONS, LTD., HERTFORD TO GEHEIM-RATH PROFESSOR DOCTOR STENZLER MY FIEST GUIDE IN ORIENTAL STUDIES IN CONGRATULATION ON HIS DOCTOR JUBILAUM AND IN DEEP RESPECT FOR HIS PROFOUND SCHOLARSHIP THIS WORK IS DEDICATED BY HIS GRATEFUL PUPIL THE AUTHOR TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE TRANSLATOR S INTRODUCTION . i PART I The Book of Birth Stories, and their Migration to the West Orthodox Buddhist belief concerning it. Two reasons for the value attached to it . i Selected Stories : 1. The Ass in the Lion s Skin . iv 2. The Talkative Tortoise . viii 3. The Jackal and the Crow . xi " " 4. The Birth as Great Physician xiii 5. Sakka s Presents ... xv 6. A Lesson for Kings . xxi The Kalilag and Damnag Literature . xxvii Origin of ^Esop s Fables . xxix The Barlaam and Josaphat Literature . xxxiii Other Migrations of the Buddhist Tales xxxix Greek and Buddhist Fables . xl Solomon s Judgment .... xlii Summary of Part I .... xlv vi TABLE OF CONTENTS PART II The Birth Stories in India PAGE Jatakas derived from the Pali Pitakas . -
Medicinal Plants Known from Wayanad
Medicinal Plants Known from Wayanad N. Anil Kumar Salim P.M V. Balakrishnan & V.V. Sivan M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation MSSRF, CAbC hand book No.8. Medicinal Plants known from Wayand A checklist with Local Names, Botanical Names, Habit and Habitat N. Anil Kumar, Salim P.M, V. Balakrishnan & V.V. Sivan Date of Publication: 23-11-2001 Revised Edition: 06-06-2007 M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation Community Agrobiodiversity Centre Puthoorvayal, P.O., Kalpetta, Wayanad- 673121, Kerala Phone- 04936 204477, E-mail [email protected] Type setting and compilation of illustrations: Shyja. K.N Printing: 1 Contents Acknowledgement …………………………………… 4 Introduction …………………………………… 6 Checklist of Medicinal Plants …………………………………… 8 Index to Botanical Names …………………………………… 45 Index to Local Names ……………………………………. 54 Reference …………………………………… 57 2 Acknowledgement We are grateful to Professor M.S. Swaminathan, Chairman for his critical comments on the checklist and encouragement for its publication. Thanks are also due to Mr. Ratheesh Narayanan, Senior Scientist, MSSRF and Mr. P.J. Chackochan, Secretary, Wayanad Vanamoolika Samrakshana Sangham for their contributions in correcting the scientific name and giving correct local name and habitat. 3 Abbreviations ST - Small Tree MT - Medium Tree LT - Large Tree VLT - Very large Tree 4 INTRODUCTION The plants capable of contributing to the health security of humans and their domesticated animals have, always fascinated human beings. They called such herbage as medicinal plants, and made use of its different parts- roots, leaves, bark, stem, flowers, fruits, and seeds for curing many ailments varying from simple discomforts to serious diseases. WHO’s finding that about the 80% of people in developing countries rely on plants for their primary health care needs still remains true, particularly in villages of countries in the tropical world. -
Population Survey and Habitat Evaluation of White-Cheeked Gibbon (Nomascus Leucogenys) in Xishuangbanna, China
Population survey and habitat evaluation of white-cheeked gibbon (Nomascus leucogenys) in Xishuangbanna, China Report writer: Fan Peng-Fei E-mail: [email protected] Date: April 2012 Field work was done by: Fan Peng-Fei, Fei Han-Lan, Li Qi, Wu Fei, several nature reserve staff, and local people. Background Gibbons were widespread in Yunnan Province in historical times, but only a few nature reserves still support gibbon populations at present. To judge by an interview survey in 2008, supported by the Gibbon Conservation Alliance (GCA), the white-cheeked gibbon (Nomascus leucogenys) is on the very edge of extinction in China. Only three separated sites might still hold a very small gibbon population in Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve. However, a small captive population with 8 gibbons in a famous tourist site “Wild Elephant Valley” provided a good chance to raise gibbon conservation awareness and to conduct a gibbon rehabilitation project in China. One adult pair was released in the forest to attract tourists in 2008 and this pair gave birth in 2009. After 3 years since 2008, the other 6 infants and small juveniles are getting close to maturity, which provides a chance for the nature reserve to establish a reintroduced gibbon population at the site. To reintroduce gibbons to the forest, the first step for us is to evaluate the habitat quality in the potential site. “Wild Elephant Valley (WEV)” is close to original gibbon forest but is not reported to support a gibbon population in recent years. The specific objects of this project are 1) to confirm if white-cheeked gibbons still occur in China by field survey; 2) to evaluate the habitat quality in the potential gibbon reintroduction site. -
Review Paper Ficus Racemosa Linn
Natural Product Radiance, Vol. 8(1), 2009, pp.84-90 Review Paper Ficus racemosa Linn.–An overview Padmaa M Paarakh Department of Pharmacognosy The Oxford College of Pharmacy J P Nagar, I Phase Bangalore-560 078, Karnataka, India E-mail: [email protected]; Phone: 09880681532 (Mob) Received 22 February 2008; Accepted 26 July 2008 ovate, ovate-lanceolate or elliptic, sub Abstract acute, entire and petiolate. Leaves are shed Ficus racemosa Linn. is a moderate-sized avenue tree found throughout India either wild or cultivated for its fruits eaten by villagers. It is popular in Indigenous System of by December and replenished by January Medicine like Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homoeopathy. In the Traditional System of Medicine, and April, when the tree becomes bare various plant parts such as bark, root, leaves, fruits and latex are used in dysentery, diarrhoea, for a short period. Figs subglobose or diabetes, bilious affections, stomachache, menorrhage, haemoptysis, piles and as carminative and pyriform, red when ripe, borne in large astringent. The present review is therefore, an effort to give a detailed survey of the literature on its clusters, on short, leafless branches pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, traditional and pharmacological uses. emerging from the trunk and the main Keywords: Ficus racemosa, Cluster Fig, Gular Fig, Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, branches1, 9. The tree is without aerial roots Pharmacology, Traditional medicine. unlike its many family members. It 8 IPC code; Int. cl. —A61K36/00, A61P1/04, A61P1/12, A61P1/16, A61P3/06, A61P7/12, naturally comes up in wasteland and A61P11/14, A61P17/02, A61P31/04, A61P33/10, A61P39/06. forests in subtropical climate. -
Worship and Trees in India
СИБИРСКИЙ ЛЕСНОЙ ЖУРНАЛ. 2019. № 4. С. 36–48 UDC 294.5:351.857:58.006:581.6/581.9 WORSHIP AND TREES IN INDIA S. Chauhan, S. V. S. Chauhan Academy of Life Sciences Kaushalpur Bye Pass Road, 8/13-I, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282005 India Email: [email protected], [email protected] Received 04.02.2019 Trees are significant in many of the world’s mythologies and religions and have been given deep and sacred meanings throughout the ages. In India, large numbers of herbs, shrubs and trees are traditionally worshiped and most of them are known for their uses in worship of several lords. India is a country showing diversity in religion and it is believed, that there are more than 33 million Gods and Goddesses worshiped in various traditional ways throughout the year. The trees and their products are part of Indian rituals and ceremonies and various Gods and Goddesses are associated with different trees. In Indian culture trees are believed to have consciousness similar to humans so they can feel pain as well as happiness like us. Human beings, observing the growth and death of trees and the annual death and revival of their foliage, have often imagined them as powerful symbols of growth, death and rebirth. The people in India believe that life cannot exist without trees. Trees are the main natural sources of solar energy vital for our existence that bring flowers, fruits, wood and medicines. Therefore, tree worship is one of the most widespread forms of popular religion in India. Indians worship offering roots, stem, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds to God since time immemorial and this is done as a symbol of gratitude because they believe that life cannot exist without trees. -
Phytochemical Screening & Biological Investigations of Ficus Racemosa
www.biogenericpublishers.com Article Type: Research Article Received: 25/07/2020 Published: 11/08/2020 DOI: 10.46718/JBGSR.2020.04.000088 Phytochemical Screening & Biological Investigations of Ficus Racemosa Abdul Kader Mohiuddin1*, Sayra Akter Lia2 1Secretary and Treasurer, Nasirullah Memorial Trust, Tejgaon, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh B. Pharm (World University of Bangladesh), North South University, Bangladesh *Corresponding author: Abdul Kader Mohiuddin, Secretary and Treasurer, Nasirullah Memorial Trust, Tejgaon, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh Orcid Id: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1596-9757 Web of Science Researcher ID: T-5428-2019 Abstract Ficus racemosa is a traditional medicinal plant found in Southeast Asia, India, Australia and. It is commonly known as ‘gular.’ Owing to the presence of β-sitosterol it decreases the blood glucose concentration. Many active constituents isolated from different parts of this plant exhibit useful pharmacological activity. The objective of this dissertation is to identify the biological activity of the roots of an indigenous medicinal plant, viz., Ficus racemosa (Family: Moraceae) and to evaluate the possible phytochemical and pharmacological profiles of the crude extracts. Some chemical and biological researches on this plant have been conducted out so far, focusing mainly on the plant’s bark and root. That’s why the objective of this framework is to assess the different possibilities of developing new therapeutic targets from this plant’s fruit that could be crucial for the treatment of many diseases. Keywords: Ficus racemosa; Phytochemical Screening; Thrombolytic Activity; Antimicrobial activity; Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh Introduction Written records of plant use as therapeutic agents date Rationale and Objective of the Work back millennia.