Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 383 2nd International Conference on Social Science (ICSS 2019) Mapalus Marantong Culture in West Motoling District of South

Abdul Rasyid Umaternate Zoni Henki Singal Veronika V. T Salem Department of Sociology Educattion Sosiology study Program Department of Sociology Educattion Universitas Negeri Universitas Negeri Manado Universitas Negeri Manado Tondano, Tondano, Indonesia Tondano, Indonesia [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Maryam Lamadirisi Department of Sociology Educattion Universitas Negeri Manado Tondano, Indonesia [email protected]

Abstract—In the Minahasa community, the term "Mapalus" is getting better and better. It makes human work never ended, very well known. In general, Mapalus is a system of values and along with the journey of human life on earth. norms that exist in the Minahasa community. We can observe it in the Minahasa community who have a sense of mutual The number of members of the Marantong Mapalus group cooperation or helping one another. Mapalus culture is also a can be made, has been determined, if the number of members system of life or the way of life of people in various fields of life so is 30 to 60 people, then the requirements to elect the leader of that it becomes an actualization of human nature as creatures the Mapalus group, called Mawali-wali, has been fulfilled. that cooperate and have faith in God and are obedient to the After selecting a Mapalus group leader, the leader or mawali- values system that exists in society. Basically, Mapalus culture as wali appoint one or two people who are among several a form of Minahasa community cultural heritage, in this case, Mapalus members, and who are considered wise to assume Mapalus cultural heritage that has been passed down for office in their duties as Marantong. The task of Marantong in generations, is applied to the people of South Minahasa, because the Mapalus group is to be willing to carry out the tasks of the it is a system of cultural values that are applied in social life, mawali-wali by giving a whip of the three edges of sticks taken where basically, Mapalus has natural and fundamental values in from palm trees and then bound together to any members who social life and an actualization of the value of human beings as have violated the rules of work, but before Marantong can trustworthy creatures and a sense of togetherness or kinship as in carry out his duty, he must first receive the whips of the the explanation above about Mapalus. The Marantong tradition mawali-wali. Then mawali-wali will give a whip twelve times is still practiced today because according to the people of below the knee and must be witnessed by a number of Motoling sub-district, this tradition is still functional in the community as it contains values that teach how to live a good life members of the Mapalus marantong, as a sign of the readiness for the citizens of the Motoling sub-district containing to carry out the duties of Marantong. After Marantong was educational values, mutual cooperation, and discipline that make appointed, the next task is to examine, pay attention to, and act this tradition still exist. This study was conducted using survey on the workings of each Mapalus member who commits an research methods by focusing on the research road map to offense. achieve the objectives: (1) to describe the culture of Mapalus Based on the description above, the research problems were Marontong in West Motoling Sub-District; (2) to describe the formulated as follows: (1) How is the process of implementing community participation in Mapalus Marontong culture. The the Marantong culture in the West Motoling Sub-District? ; (2) urgency of this research lies in the absence of a comprehensive research result on the Mapalus Marantong culture in the What are the values contained in the Marantong Mapalus community of the West Motoling District. Culture in West Motoling District? And the specific objectives planned to be achieved are: (1) Keywords—Budaya Mapalus, Marantong describing the cultural implementation process of West Motoling Sub-District; (2) describing what values are I. INTRODUCTION contained in Mapalus Marantong Culture in West Motoling Culture will never extinct at any time as long as humans Sub-District. In terms of research urgency, it can be stated that still exist and live in the universe of God's creation, and this research is significant to carry out, to document Marantong humans will work to create everything. And the creation of Culture in West Motoling Sub-District, South Minahasa, North humans is no longer new but can also be said in the form of Sulawesi, which needs to be preserved and used as one of a renovation, rehabilitation, reforestation, and recycling. Then cultural strategy in developing the livelihoods of the Minahasa innovation will always appear in human thoughts and is people. tangible in human works. All human creative works aim to The word culture comes from the Sanskrit language, answer the challenges of life experienced so that human life is Buddhism, the plural form of Buddhism, which means mind or

Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 790 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 383

reason. Culture is a way of life that is developed and shared by The data analysis technique used was by analyzing and a group of people and is passed down from generation to reducing descriptive data obtained in the field, then categorized generation. Another term related to culture is customs. There for examination and then interpreted in reference [4], data are also differences between culture and customs. The culture analysis is the process of systematically searching and has three forms, namely an ideal form, behavioral form, and a compiling data obtained from interviews, field notes, and other physical form reference [1] mentioned that an customs is an materials so that they can be easily understood and their ideal form of culture, which is often called "custom behavior" findings can be shared with others. because it functions as a regulator of behavior. The validity of the data used in research, namely: (1). The concept of mutual cooperation that we highly value is Credibility. Data credibility or trust in qualitative research data a concept that is closely related to the lives of our people as includes, among others, extended observations, increased farmers in an agrarian society, thus the mutual cooperation perseverance in research, triangulation, discussions with system as a system of mobilizing such power, is very suitable colleagues, negative case analysis and checks. (2). and flexible for farming techniques of small business and Transferability. This transferability is external validity in limited, especially when the element of money had not yet qualitative research, the value of this transfer pertains to the entered the rural economy [1]. question, to what extent the research results can be applied and used in other situations. (3). Dependability. Reliable research is Culture has an important role in character building because if other people can repeat or replicate the research process. The culture internally comes from a family environment that has method is carried out by an independent auditor or supervisor patterns of attitudes and behavior based on experiences passed to audit the overall activities of researchers in conducting down for generations. A person's attitude and behavior patterns research. (4). Confirmability [5]. can become a personality as a mirror of identity that can be seen in social behavior every day. Culture is used as a means of Research can be said to be objective if the results have been managing the life of an individual who has a pleasant agreed upon by many people. Similar to the dependability test, personality in the social environment. The mutual assistance or the test can also be done together. Testing confirmability Mapalus activities are not merely community activities that means testing the results of the study, not to have the process, help one another to achieve goals or only as an embodiment of but the results. the interaction between humans as social beings. Behind these activities, the noble values instilled from generation to III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION generation, which can be used as a way of life for Minahasa people in general [2]. What has been conveyed by key informants is that in its implementation, all members of the community who want to Lastly, the people of West Motoling Subdistrict in the join Mapalus must obey the rules agreed upon in the implementation of "Marantong" supported and respected each deliberation before carrying out work. other's work, then their togetherness was not only during the In its implementation, Mapalus Marantong has two work but also outside of work. So it can be said that the people methods of work that are so important and both of them have of Tondei village have had a pretty good life. Thus through this good meaning for the people of Motoling Sub-district, as well Mapalus, the Tondei village community also considers that this cultural treasure is very important and very helpful to them, as in their implementation the values of togetherness are although there are also differences in groups, and differences of always reflected, through togetherness there are also rules opinion, in this community, but the unity that they had still made in the form of deliberation. stand. Mapalus is the dominant culture of the people of . Mapalus simply means a form of collaboration or mutual cooperation in working to accomplish something. The II. METHODOLOGY term Mapalus itself is a combination of the words ma (mutual) Qualitative research methods are often called naturalistic and palus (pour, spill). Thus etymologically Mapalus means because the research is done in natural conditions (Natural spilling or pouring one another. The concept of "Si Tou Timou Setting). It can also be called an ethnographic method or a Tumou Tou" in the life of Minahasa / North Sulawesi people, skinative method because the data collection and analysis are from the beginning, has grown and developed in the form of more qualitative [3]). Mapalus or Maendo (Tountemboan) work ethic. Mapalus is a Data collection techniques in this study carried out traditional culture in the Minahasa area, a culture of mutual continuously from the beginning to the end of the study. assistance or help that develops in the Minahasa [6]. Analysis of this data is the process of systematically searching In this process, there is also an awareness of each Mapalus and compiling data obtained from interviews, field notes. And member that how important is a leader in carrying out documentation was done by organizing the data into categories, bermalalus, the leader in question is the person who is raised describing units, synthesizing, compiling into patterns, or also a wise person in judging every mistake made by each choosing what is important and what will be studied, and Mapalus member, or also those who called Ma Wali-wali. In making conclusions so that it is easily understood by oneself or this implementation, some elements are so important, as others who research and record what is stated by the informant. already written above that togetherness is a very dominant value in Mapalus culture.

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When this implementation is carried out, togetherness is [3] Sugiyono, Penelitian Kuantitatif. Bandung: Alfabeta, always visible in the actions and life in society, not only that, 2018. when they do work. They are also always aware that the rules [4] Sugiyono, Metode penelitian uantitatif, kualitatif dan they make are an example that the work done must be in R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta, 2011. accordance with what they have agreed. The rules that they [5] M. B. Miles and A. M. Huberman, Analisis data agree also contain the value of politeness, and respect for one kualitatif. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press, 1992. another, so also honesty is always applied because the basis is [6] T. Pangalila, ‘Pengaruh internalisasi nilai budaya Si the rules. Tou Timou Tumou Tou, Mapalus dan Torang Samua Basudara Dalam Pembelajaran PKn Terhadap IV. CONCLUSION Peningkatan Sikap Toleransi Siswa: Penelitian Survey The Mapalus culture of Marantong in West Motoling sub- Terhadap Siswa SMA di Kota -Sulawesi district has undergone a slight change due to the factors that Utara’, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, cause these changes, therefore this Mapalus culture needs to be 2013. preserved because this culture contains many meanings in the community. The value of education, especially for young people, is the value of discipline and responsibility.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT Special thanks to Dean of Social Science Faculty Manado State University.

REFERENCES

[1] Koentjaraningrat, Kebudayaan, Mentalitet dan Pembangunan. Jakarta: Gramedia, 1974. [2] T. Pangalila, ‘Toleransi dalam Keberagaman Masyarakat Lokal: Studi Fenomenologis Hubungan antar Agama dan Etnis pada Masyarakat Kota Tomohon Sulawesi Utara’, Universitas Merdeka Malang, 2018.

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