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W Poszukiwaniu W poszukiwaniu „szczyrego słowa Bożego” Recepcja zachodnioeuropejskiej hebraistyki w studiach chrześcijańskich w Rzeczypospolitej doby renesansu 86 Redaktor serii ks. prof. WALDEMAR IREK PAPIESKI WYDZIAŁ TEOLOGICZNY WE WROCŁAWIU ks. Rajmund Pietkiewicz W poszukiwaniu „szczyrego słowa Bożego” Recepcja zachodnioeuropejskiej hebraistyki w studiach chrześcijańskich w Rzeczypospolitej doby renesansu WROCŁAW 2011 IMPRIMATUR Kuria Metropolitalna Wrocławska L.dz. 15/2011 – 2 stycznia 2011 r. † Marian Gołębiewski Arcybiskup Metropolita Wrocławski Recenzent ks. dr hab. Sławomir Stasiak Redakcja i korekta: Aleksandra Kowal Korekta tekstów łacińskich: Magdalena Jóźwiak Projekt okładki i znaku serii: Robert Leonhard Projekt typografi czny: Bożena Sobota Skład: Andrzej Duliba Papieski Wydział Teologiczny ul. Katedralna 9 50-328 Wrocław tel.: 71 322 99 70, fax: 71 327 12 01 e-mail: [email protected] www.pwt.wroc.pl © Copyright by ks. Rajmund Pietkiewicz and Papieski Wydział Teologiczny, Wrocław 2011 ISBN 978-83-7454-176-3 Drukarnia Tumska, zam. 80/2011 Spis treści Wykaz skrótów . 9 Zasady transkrypcji alfabetu hebrajskiego i aramejskiego . 13 Wstęp . 15 Rozdział I. Studia hebraistyczne w renesansowej Europie . 23 1. Zanim przyszło odrodzenie . 23 a. Żydowskie studia nad językiem hebrajskim do XVI w. 25 b. Chrześcijańskie studia nad Biblią hebrajską w średniowiecznej Europie . 29 2. Chrześcijańska hebraistyka w okresie renesansu i reformacji . 31 a. Studia hebraistyczne a humanizm . 32 b. Studia hebraistyczne a reformacja i kontrreformacja . 56 Luteranie . 58 Kalwiniści . 63 Zwinglianie . 66 Radykalne nurty reformacji . 68 Katolicy . 70 3. Źródła i pomoce do studiów nad Biblią hebrajską . 81 a. Biblia hebrajska . 82 b. Przekłady Biblii hebrajskiej . 86 Targumy . 86 Septuaginta . 87 Wulgata i renesansowe przekłady Biblii hebrajskiej na łacinę . 88 Przekład M. Lutra na język niemiecki . 90 Przekład kalwiński na język francuski . 93 c. Gramatyki i słowniki . 94 De rudimentis hebraicis J. Reuchlina . 95 Prace Eliasza Lewity i Sebastiana Münstera . 97 Institutiones linguae Hebraicae R. Bellarmina . 103 Rozdział II. Studia hebraistyczne w renesansowej Rzeczypospolitej . 111 1. Akademia Krakowska i humanistyczny nurt studiów hebraistycznych . 111 2. Studia hebraistyczne w renesansowej Rzeczypospolitej a reformacja i kontrreformacja 120 6 Spis treści a. Luteranie . 120 b. Kalwiniści i bracia czescy . 125 c. Radykalne nurty reformacji . 144 d. Katolicy . 151 3. Drukarstwo hebrajskie i hebraistyczne w renesansowej Polsce . 163 4. Gramatyki hebrajskie drukowane w Polsce na użytek chrześcijan . 169 a. Elementale Hebraicum F.M. Noveniana . 170 b. Ex varijs libellis Eliae Grammaticorum omnium J. Campensisa . 172 c. De accentuum ecclesiasticorum exquisita ratione J. Libana . 175 d. Ebreae Grammaticae Institutio F. Stankara . 176 Rozdział III. Polskie przekłady Biblii hebrajskiej jako rezultat recepcji renesansowej hebraistyki w Rzeczypospolitej . 181 1. Geneza i historia polskich przekładów Pisma Świętego do 1638 r. 182 2. Wulgata czy Hebraica veritas? Spór o podstawę przekładu . 186 3. Przekładać „rzecz rzeczą” czy „słowo słowem”? Spór o koncepcję przekładu . 197 4. Źródła polskich przekładów Biblii hebrajskiej . 203 a. Biblia hebrajska . 203 b. Starożytne przekłady Biblii hebrajskiej . 207 c. Szesnastowieczne przekłady Biblii hebrajskiej na łacinę . 210 d. Przekłady Biblii na język polski . 211 e. Przekłady Biblii na obce języki nowożytne . 213 f. Gramatyki, słowniki i inne pomoce fi lologiczne . 215 g. Źródła żydowskie . 217 h. Józef Flawiusz . 220 i. Inne pomoce . 221 5. Przykłady . 225 a. Wykorzystanie źródeł . 226 b. Podstawa i koncepcja przekładu . 243 Zakończenie . 265 Bibliografi a . 271 Summary . 305 Table of Contents A List of Abbreviations . 9 Th e Rules of Transcription from Hebrew and Aramaic . 13 Introduction . 15 Chapter I. Hebrew Studies in Renaissance Europe . 23 1. Before Renaissance . 23 a. Jewish Studies of Hebrew until the 16th Century . 25 b. Christian Studies of the Hebrew Bible in Medieval Europe . 29 2. Christian Hebrew Studies in Times of the Renaissance and the Reformation . 31 a. Hebrew Studies versus Humanism . 32 b. Hebrew Studies versus the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation . 56 Th e Lutherans . 58 Th e Calvinists . 63 Th e Zwinglians . 66 Radical Trends of the Reformation . 68 Th e Catholics . ..
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