Congressional Record-Sen Ate. August 4

Home , Frank Munsey, Lay Your Hands, New York Herald

110932 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE. AUGUST 4,

I can not do so unless by unanimous consent. Will not the Robinson Smoot Sterling Watson, Ind. Sheppard Spencer Trammell Willis Senator move an adjournment, so that we can have a morning Shortridge Stanfield Walsh, Mass. hour to-morrow? J Simmons Stanley Walsh, Mont. M.r. McCUMBER. A good many Senators left the Chamber Mr. DIAL. I wish to announce that my colleague [Mr. after unanimous consent was obtained that. we would take a SMITH] is detained on official business. I ask that this notice recess. That agreement has already been entered into; and may continue through the day. having been entered into, and many Senators having left, there Mr. LADD. I was requested to announce that the Senator would not be a quorum at this time. from Illinois [Mr. McKINLEY] and the Senator from Wyoming 1\ir. HARRISON. I have been staying around here very [Mr. KENDRICK] are detained in a hearing before the Commit closely, so that if a request for unanimous c?nsent was made tee on Agriculture and Forestry. I could object to it~ unless I could get unarumous consent to The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Fifty-ei;ht Senators have take up this matter to-morrow. answered to their names. There is a quorum present. Mr. l\IcCUMBER. Unanimous consent to t.a.ke a recess was granted. THE MUSCLE SHOALS PROJECT. Mr. HARRISON. Will the Senator allow me to propose now l\Ir. LADD. Mr. President, will the Senator from Idaho a unanimous-consent request which will settle the proposition? yield to me a moment? I did so awhile ago., and the Senator from Utah [Mr. SMOOT] Mr. GOODING. I yield. asked me to withhold the request until the Senator from North Mr. LADD. I desire to submit the views of a minority of Dakota could be present. I made it some time during the after the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry on the joint reso noon. lution ( S. J. Res. 227) rejecting bids for the acquisition of I ask unanimous consent that on to-morrow, if the Committee Muscle Shoals, which I ask may be printed. to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, it is so ordered. The views of the minority will be printed as part 2 under the order of the Senate reports out the Gooding resolu of Report No. 831. · tion it shall be in order to be considered; and I couple with that the request that the resolution which I presented to--day 1\fr. LADD. The report I have submitted also gives the views of the minority on the bill (S. 3802) authorizing the and that is on the table may be considered to-morrow. acceptance of the proposal of Henry Ford for the completion The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection 1 and leasing of the dams and hydroelectric plants at Muscle Mr. ~ll l\.lcCUl\IBER. 1\fr. President, I hope the Senator Shoals, and for the purchase of nih·ate plant No. 1, nitrate not make that request now, with only a few Senators present. plant No. 2, the Waco quarry, and the interest of the Govern I think there will be no disposition to interfere with either ment in the Gorgas Warrior River steam plant, all in the of those resolutions ; but with the general understanding that State of Alabama, dated l\Iay 31, 1922, being the Henry Ford there was upon this side and I think upon both sides of the offer for the lease of Muscle Shoals; and the views of the ma Chamber that we were to take a recess, a great many Senators jority of the committee on the bill (S. 3420) to provide for the came to me and asked if anything further would come up, manufacture of explosives for the use of the Army and Navy, and I replied in the negative. I !J.ope, theref?re, . that t~e to provide for the manufacture of fertilizer for agricultural Senator will not insist upon that request to-mght but will purposes, to incorporate the Federal Chemical Corporation, and present it to-morrow, if necessary, when more Senators can be for other purposes, the so-called Norris Government owner- present. ship and operation proposal bill. 1 The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection? Mr. ROBINSO~. Mr. President, I inquire what was the Mr. HARRISON. Of course, I am powerless to make a mo order just made respecting the report from the Committee on tion, because there is not a quorum present, and it would accom Agriculture and Forestry made by the Senator from North plish nothing if a unariimous-consent agreement to take a recess Dakota [Mr. LADD]. There was so much confusion in the has been entered into; but I made that request to--day. I Chamber that in this part of the Chamber we were unable to thought the Senator from North Dakota was on the fioor at hear what he said. the time. There was quite a large attendance here; and the Mr. LADD. I submitted the report for the minority of the Senator from Utah [Mr. SMOOT] said that while he did not committee on Senate bill 3802 with reference to leasing the think there would be any .objection, he hoped I would wait Muscle Shoals property to Henry Ford and the majority re until the Senator from North Dakota could be present. Of port on the so-called Norris bill for the completion and opera course, the Senator will aid me to-morrow in getting up the tion of Muscle- Shoals by the Government. This I did in ac resolution, and I shall therefore desist. cordance with permission which was granted a few days ago. · l\lr. McCUl\IBER. I certainly shall not object to_their being I ask that the reports may be printed. brought up if they can be disposed of. Mr. ROBINSON. I inquire of the Senator if he asked leave I now move that the Senate take a recess, the recess being to have his report printed separately? That action was taken under the unanimous-consent agi·eement, until to-morrow at 11 with respect to the report presented by the chairman of the o'clock. committee. Several Senators on this side of the Chamber have The motion was agreed to, and (at 6 o'clock and 30 minutes suggested that the report of the Senator from North Dakota. p. m.) the .Senate, under the order previously entered, took a ought also to be printed s.eparately, so that those Senators who recess until to-morrow, Friday, August 4, 1922, at 11 o'clock desire to circulate that report or make use of it separately from a. m. the majority report may have the opportunity to do so. Mr. LADD. I did not ask it, but I shall make that reque-st at the present time. I ask that unanimous consent be given to SENATE. print the minority report as a separate document. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair desires to state FRIDAY, August 4, 1922. that he is informed the RECORD shows that an order has already - . been entered for printing both reports. (Legislative day of Thursday, August S, 1922.) Mr. ROBINSON. And there was also an order made subse The Senate met at 11 o'clock a. m., on the expiration of the quently for printing the majority report separately. A number rece s. of Senators desire that the minority report submitted by the l\Ir. GOODING obtained the floor. Senator from North Dakota have the same p1ivilege that the Mr. McCUMBER. Mr. President, I suggest the absence of a majority report had. I called attention. at the time the Senator quorum. from Oregon [Mr. McNARY] requested the privilege of having The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Secretary will call the the majority report printed separately, to the fact that an order roll. had already been made authorizing the printing of the two The reading clerk called the roll, and the following Senators reports, the majority and the minority, in conjunction with each answered to their names : · other. I now ask, if the Senator from North Dakota has not Ashurst Curtis Heflin Nelson done so, that the report submitted by the Senator from North Ball Dial Hitchcock New Dakota be printed separately. Borah Dillingham Jones, N. Mex. Newberry Brnndegee du Pont Jones, Wash. Nich~lson The PRESIDE1'TT pro tempo re. Is there objection? The· Bursum Ernst Keyes Norbeck Chair hears none, and it is so ordered. Calder Fletche r Ladd Oddie Cameron Glass Lenroot Overman PETITIONS Al\J) MEMORIALS. Capper Gooding Lodge Pepper Mr. MYERS presented a memorial of sundry citizens lf>f Caraway Hale McCumber Phipps Culben;on Harris McLean Pomerene Pablo, Mont., remonstrating against the enactment of legislation Cummins Ilarrison McNary Ransdell providing for compulsory Sunday observance in the Distrh:t of 1922. CONGRESSIONAL REOORD--SENATE. 10933

Columbia. which was referred to the Committee" on the District Mr. GOODING. Mr. President, I shall refuse to yield any of Columbia: further or for a report on my resolution. I am quite within 1\Ir. WILLIS presented a petition of sundry citizens of Toledo, my rights. Ohio, praying for the passage of a protective tariff act based The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Idaho bas upon American valuations, which· was referred to the Com the floor and will proceed. mittee on Finance. THE TARIFF. l\fr. ASHURST presented resolutions adopted by the joint convention of the Arizona Cattle Growers' Association and the The Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, resumed the con Arizona Wool Growers' Association, which were referred to the sideration of the bill ~. R. 7456) to provide revenue, to regu Committee on Finance and ordered to be printed in the RECORD, late commerce with foreign countries, to encourage the indus tries of the United States, and for other purposes. as follows: Mr. GOODING. Mr. President, speaking to the resolution Resolv e!J, by the Arizona Oattle Growers' Association and the Arizona which I introduced yesterday, first I want to say that no man Wool Growers' Assoaiation, 1n joint convention, assembled at Prescott, Ariz., on July 7, 1922, That we advocate the passage by Congr ess of a in this country has a higher regard for the press than I have. bill looking to the esta blishing of a nonpartisan scientific tariff board, No citizens have rendered a greater service to the American based on American production and conversion cost s. people than those who edit and control our newspapers. Resolv ed fttrther, Tha t a copy hereof be sent to each member of our delegation in Congress and to the National Wool Growers' Association. As a rule, it may be said that the newspaper men of the The foregoing resolution was unanimously adopted at the joint meet country are fearless in discussing public questions, keenly inter ing of both associations and also at the annual meeting of the Arizona ested in advocating those principles which they believe are for Wool Growers' Association. F: W. PERKINS, the best interests of the people, always ready to safeguard the Secr etary of the A.1·iz01ia Wool Growers' Assoc-iati01i. rights of the people and to protect and defend our principles of BILLS INTRODUCED. government. I have known cases of heroic service on the part of the press Bills were introduced, read the first time, and, by unanimous in my own State. During the great murder trials of Haywood, consent, the second time, and referred as follows: Moyer, and Pettibone the Idaho Statesman courageously and By Mr. CAl\IERON: fearlessly defended the State. It will be remembered that ex A bill ( S. 3885) granting an increase of pension to 1\Iathew Governor Steunenberg was assassinated for his enforcement of Cavaness; to the Committee on Pensions. law and order when he was Governor of Idaho. Bill Haywood, By Mr. BALL: the greatest criminal this country has ever produced, Moyer, A bill ( S. 3886) to authorize the closing of a part of Thirty- and Pettibone would have paid the full penalty for the assassi • fourth Place NW., and to change the permanent system of high- . nation of ex-Governor Steunenberg if others connected with the ways plan of the District of Qolumbia, and for other purposes ; case had shown equal courage during those great murder trials. to the Committee on the District of Columbia. So I hope that anything I may say at this time will not be con By l\fr. l\:IYERS : . strued as a lack of appreciation of the great public press of A bill (S. 3887) to amend the act of April 16, 1906, relating America. to the disposition of the proceeds of sales of town lots on No citizen in this country, in my judgment, gives so much reclamation projects; to the Committee on Public Lands and and gets so little in return as the editor of the country news Surveys. paper. I have seen him struggle along for years, making barely By Mr. JONES of Washington: a living, and always defending the rights of the community and A bill ( S. 3888) to provide for the organization and estab standing for those things that are for the best interests of the lishment of stock corporations to engage in foreign trade or State and the Nation. commerce, and for other purposes ; to the Committee on Com I have no quarrel, 1\Ir. President, with the Democratic news merce. papers that believe that protection is unconstitutional and im- • TAlUFF BILL AMENDMENTS. moral. The platforms of the Democratic Party for nearly a Mr. SIMMONS (for Mr. KING) submitted two amendments hundred years have declared protection unconstitutional. They intended to be proposed by Mr. KING to House bill 7456, the have a right to condemn this tariff bill and say anything they please, of course, so long as they tell the truth about it from tariff bill, wl:µch were ordered to lie on the table and to be • printed. their viewpoint. But in all lines of business and all classes of trade, and in society everywhere, there are those who do not FOREIGN-TRADE ZONES IN UNITED STATES PORTS. measure up to the high standard of their profession, and I care Mr. l\fcNARY submitted an amendment intended to be pro not whether that be the humble and lowly profession of the posed by him to the bill (S. 2391) to provide for the establish farmer or what some people call the high profession of jour ment, operation, and maintenance of foreign-trade zones in nalism. In other words, there are crooks in every trade and in ports of entry of the United States, to expedite and encourage every line of business, and I am convinced that journalism is foreign commerce, and for other purposes, which was referred no exception, although I am going to say that it is only found to to the Committee on Commerce and ordered to be printed. a limited extent in journalism, for which the American people FUNERAL EXPENSES OF THE LATE SENATOR CROW. are truly thankful. l\Ir. President, at first it was hard for me to understand whv Mr. PEPPER submitted the following resolution ( S. Res. some of the great newspapers of this country should make such 832), which was referred to the Committee to Audit and Control a vicious attack upon some of the members of the so-called the Contingent Expenses of the Senate: agricultural tariff bloc. I was at a loss to understand why the Resolved, That the Secretary of the Senate be, and he hereby is, New York Herald should be so bitter in its denunciation and quite autbori.z<'d and directed to pay, from the miscellaneous items of the willing to destroy a Senator's good name in order to create a contingent fund of the Senate. the actual and necessary expenses in curred by the committee appointed by the President pro tempore in prejudice againl!!t the tariff bill that is now before the Senate. arranging for and attending the funeral of the Hon. WILLIAM E. CROW, Their viciousness excited my curiosity, and I concluded to late a Senator from the State of Pennsylvania, upon vouchers to be investigate this man Munsey, who has been posing as a great approved by the Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Ex- pt• nses of the Senate. • American for so many years. Mr. Munsey's attitude toward the Republican Party and the INVESTIGATION OF INTERESTS IN TARIFF LEGISLATION. present tariff bill and the agricultural bloc is easily· under l\Ir. HARRISON. l\Ir. President, will the Senator from Idaho stood when his great interest in foreign countries is unmasked, yield to me for an inquiry? and it will be easy for the Republicans of this country to Mr. GOODING. Will it lead to debate? understand why Mr. l\Iunsey has turned a Democrat and a free l\lr. HARRISON. It will lead to no debate.• I am merely trader when the mask is torn off. trying to ascertain the status of Senate Resolution 330. On Mr. President, last September there was organized in Paris yesterday the Senator from Idaho [l\lr. GOODING] very cour a concern known as the General Real Estate & Trust Co., ageously offered a resolution which was referred to the Com which was to take over and liquidate the $400,000,000 estate of mittee to Audit and Control the Continge1lt Expenses of the Archduke Frederick of Austria and his family. Senate w:th instructions to report it back immediately. It has I ask, l\1r. President, that the Secretary may read the follow been some 24 hours since that was done, and the resolution has ing articles, clipped from the New York Herald and cabled from not yet been reported back. I notice that the chairman of the its Paris bureau under date of September 11, 1921, and four committee is here, and it may be that be wants to present the articles which appeared in the New York Times on September report the first thing this morning. It seems to me that under 12, 13, 14, and 27, 1921, respectively. the order of the Senate he should do so before the Senator from The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection? The Idaho proceeds, if he bas the report ready. Chair hears none, and the Secretary will read as requested.. 10934 CONGRESSIONAL RE.CORD-SENATE. AUGUST 4,

The reading clerk read as follows : DEFIANCE OF TREATIES. AMERICANS ACQUIRE $200,000,000 ESTATlll OF ROYAL AUSTRIANS-ARCH Since the territory constituting Czechoslovakia, Yugofavia, Poland, DUKE AND SYNDICATE AGREl!l ON PLAN TO SAVE VAST HOLDINGS IN and Rumania was taken from the Austro-Hungarian Empire on the dis EUROP&>--STATES TO BID SUED-THEY CONFISCATE VALUABLID PROP tinct treaty stipulations that private properties of citizens and snbj<'cts of the one-time Austro-Hungarian Empire could not be confiscated, it is ERTIES IN DEFIANCE OF TREATIES, SAY INVESTORS-FACTORIES TO BB explained by the syndicate and the archducal family that attempted OPENED-UNITED STATES METHODS TO BE APPLIED TO GREAT PROP action and laws enacted in these new countries to validate such action ER'.rY, INCLUDING STEEL MILLS, PALACES, AND ART MUSEUMS. are a flagrant violation and defiance of the treaties. (Special cable to the New York Herald. Copyright, 1921, by the New Complaint accordingly is a.bout to be lodged before tribunals estab York Herald.) lished under the peace treaties. The new sovereign states will be NEW YoJ HERALD BUREAU, · required to appear, and the question of the right to confiscate these Pat·is, September 11. vast estates will be contested aggressively. Another chapter of one of the most dramatic .and. ertraord~ry The new states seek to justify their action solely on the ground that episodes arising from the war was closed at a meetmg m the drawing the archduke is a member of the royal Hapsburg family, and that con room of Samuel Untermyer, of New York, at the Ritz Hotel here fiscation of bis property therefore is sanctioned by the treaties. This yesterday. ' ti t' construction is disputed by the archduke and the syndicate, .who con What happened at this gathering was a culminatial family, with their counsel, Dr. Wilhelm Rosen berg, of Vienna, and Dr. Au;.-el Egry, of Budapest. Attempted confiscation of the Albertina Museum and of the pa.laces in On the other side was an American syndicate, represented by Samuel Vienna likewise will be contested, although the attempted confisca Untermyer and including such men as Charles H. Sabin, J. Leonard tion was based on a new law passed by the Austrian Parliament and Replogle, Frank A. Munsey, Thomas J. Felder, William R. Honnald, predicated on tile gr.onnd that the Archduke Frederick is a Hapsburg Louis Chevrillon, and their associates. and that these estates are entailed. Properties in Poland, regarding which that Government-has taken no $200,000,000 ESTATE INVOLVED. action, and in Rumania doubtless will be retained by the family without The story concerns tile vast estates of the Archduke Frederick, who litigation in view of recently established precedents in the courts of thrnughout the war was field marshal and commander in chief _of the those countries. Austro-Hun""arian armies and whose wealth generally was estimated In connection with these contentions and actions of the new states it before tile ;ar as well above $200,000,000. From rel?orts current for was pointed out that if thE>y were permitted to confiscate private prop a year and accentuated in the last few months by meetm&"s at Carlsbad, erty put under their jurisdiction, although treaties creating their sover Kissingen, Vienna, and Paris, bat which could not be verified, the facts eignty said the owners should not be molested in their property rights, there was no reason why they should not with impunity disregard .all arW.hne the archduke is a member of the Hapsburg family, his lineage the other conditions of the treaties. It is not believed any such action and connections extend back still further ; also be is uncle of the pres will be sanctioned or tolerated. ent King of Spain, Alfonso XIII, wh.ose mother is his sister. Another Archduke Albrecht refused to confirm, deny, or comment on the story, sister formerly was Queen of Bavaria. nor would any of the parties or counsel say anything, except that Mr. • The line goes back to Marie Therese, who reigned from 1740 to 1780. Felder admitted the substantial accuracy of the account. He declined Her eldest dau 0 hter, the A..rchdu.chess Marie Christine, was marr.led to say anything further than that before the syndicate undertook the to Duke Albrecht o! Save Teschen, who was a member of the Saxoman business it had communicated with the American Department of State house. Not having children, they adopted their nephew, Archdu~e and the French authorities and was assured that there was no possible Charles a brother of Emperor Francis I, who was a grandson of Marie objection to its proposed investmertt. 'Therese', and who reigned from 1792 to 1835 and who himself had no New and interesting questions regarding treaty rights and obligations of the new states are involved in the litigations about to be instituted, was commander in chief of the Austrian Army in Austria's ch~i~~es and developments may be expec~ted soon. wars against Napoleon. It was he who won the Battle of Aspern Essling in 1819. Archduke Albrecht was the eldest son of Charles, and was born in 1819 and ltied In 1893. He won the Battle of Kus [Special cable to New York Times.] tozza in 1 66 in the Austrian war against Sardinia. Albrecht had no PARIS, September 11. 1921.-At the R.itz Hotel !iere yesterday a~ children. I agreement was signed between representatives of a big American syndi The present Archduke Frederick is the son of Albrecht s brother, cate and the Archduke Frederick of Austria and his family, by which Charles Ferdinand. The fortune inherited by the present archduke, the American syndicate took ove1· the whole of the archduke's estates largely from bis uncle Albrecht, was increased by wise investments in the dismembered Austrian Empire. • and retru·ns from new enterprises. These estates include the rich steel works and mines at Teschen, ARCHDUKE'S HOLDINGS VARIED. vast forests lands stretching across many miles of several new central · Prior to the war Archduke Frederick was generally regarded as one European Republics, farms, factories, apartment houses, palaces, castles, of the richest land and industrial owners in Europe. His h<>ldings and even the celebrated Albertina Museum, in Vienna in which are were distril.mted throughout Austria-Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Yugo housed about 1,000,000 articles of artistic and hlstoriCiJ Interest. The Elavia Poland Rumania, and Italy. They included the world-renowned value of the property is conservatively estimated at $200,000,000. • steel works and mines at Teschen, which is now partly in Czecho In the syndicate which is taking the contf(}l of his great and slovakia and partly in Poland ; vast working forest lands, amounting varied property are, it is understood, Charles H. Sabin, J. Leonard to hundreds of thousands of acres, scattered over several countries ; Replogle, Frank A. Munsey, Thomas J. F.el9er, William A. Honnald, and numerous other industries, including dairies which supply milk and and Louis Chevel'illon. Their representative here, in whose suite at butter to Vienna · sugar plantations and facto1ies, palaces, apartment the Ritz the agreement was signed yesterday, is Samuel Untermyer, or houses and other' private properties in Vienna and elsewhere, historie New York. castles' in various parts of the Continent, and the great Albertina The negotiations began in the summer of 1919, when Thomas J. Museum in Vienna which is aid to contain more valuable art treasures Felder, an American whose home is in Paris, approached the archduke, of its kind than any in the world, there being nearly 1,000,000 objects who was then living in Switzerland, to see if any P.Urchase could be in the collection. made out of his large estates. During the war, it will be remembered, All his properties and art objects were acquired by private enterprise, Archduke Frederick was for a time commander in chief of the Austro and the funds of the archducal family were accumulated largely in Hun17arian armies. He is a member of the Ha_psburg family, but belongs industries. Its fortune was built essentially on saving and business to a"' branch which has been for centuries distinct from the reigning sagacity. None of it was based on royal gifts or concessions. Before house. One of his sisters is the Qu~n Dowager of Spain and another the war it yielded a yearly income in the millions. was the Queen of Bavaria. The archduke himself married Princess Croy, and she, with her so.n, ~chduke Alh~echt, and six daughters, At the close of the war the archduke found himself excluded from were present yesterday at the R1tz Hotel to witness the agreement as to all of his properties in the countries tor which he had fought. Some the disposal of the family property. bad been sequestrated; others were alleged to have been confiscated, When Mr. Felder began the negotiations with the archduke the sume by the reconstituted old governments and ot;hers by _new states in property was mainly in his possession, though some had been segues- whose jurisdiction they were put by peace treaties. This action was . trated. Between the two an agreement was made in October, 1919, based solely on the archduke's almost unrecognizable and untraceable whereby the archduke was to transfer his various properties and in kinship to the ex-sovereign. • terests except those in Hungary, to a corporation to be organized and In none of these cases, except a small estate in Italy, could it be which 'was then organized in Switzerland to take over, and which did said that the archduke was the enemy of the country in which his prop take over the administration_of the estates. Mr. Felder further under erty had been situated. On the contrary, he was the head of armies took to form a syndicate in America which would acquire substantial whose countries are now endeavoring to take away bis property. interest in the new corporation ; and this he succeeded in doing, inter GETS AID Oil' AMERICANS. esting the men whose names have been mentioned. A period of trouble, however, shortly afterwards set in for the In the summer of 1!)19 the archduke a.nd bis family were living in corporation. On the ground that the archduke was a Hapsburg, the Switzerland, where he made tile acquaintance of Thomas J". Felder, an Governments of some of the new Republics in which his properties American living in Paris. The bulk of the archduke's properties were were located legislated for their confiscation. This action raised difficul mainly his own, although use of part of them had been for a time im ties between the archducal family •and the American syndicate, which practicable and the operation of various industries was paralyzed by culminated in litigation in the Swiss courts. It was these difficulties the disorganization of the war. and the differences which were ended by the agreement whkh was An arrangement was made in October, 1919, whereby the archduke signed here yesterday. · transferred his various properties and interests, except those in New The American syndicate has been freed from compllcatlC>ns and a~ Hungary, to a corporation organized in Switzerland to t_ake over their biguities, and its directors now propose to proceed to enforce their administration. Mr. Felder was to form a syndicate m America to rights against the several Governments which are withholding posses acquire substantial interests in the new company. He obtained the sion of the estates from the Swiss corporation. E pecially they are requfred capital, and interested some of the most prominent men in anxious to secure prolbpt return of the Tesehen works and the forests America in the enterprise. and farm properties so as to resume their operation on American lines. When various governments enacted laws and took other measures to The ground on which they will claim restoration of tile lands is the confiscate the properties internal differences arose between the arch stipulation in the treaties of peace concerning the dismemberm~l!t of ducal family and the American syndicate, and litigation in the Swiss the Austro-Hungarian Empire that the private property of citizens courts followed. All of these differences have been adjusted by an and subjects of the former Empire could not be confiscated by the agreement E>xecuted at the Ritz. new States. Under an interpretation of the treaties that will be The American syndicate will proceed to enforce its rights against advanced it will be claimed that the Governments of the new States several governments which are withholding possession of the estate are violating their ti·eaties in legislating for the confiscation of th& from the Swiss corporation. The syndicate is particularly anxious to former archduke's estates on the ground that the archduke is a member get prompt return of the Teschen works and various lands and other of the royal family and that his property is therefore liable to con industries, so as to resume their operation and introduce American fiscation. The interpretation of the treaty In this respect which will m~thod~ bi' adv~ced by the syndicate and the archduke is that the right ~f 1922. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 10935

eonfiscatlon applies only to the State property of the former reigning Mr. GOODING. lli. President, these articles show very family and not to private fortunes, such as the estates 1of the ucbduke are represented to be. ' plainly why Mr. :Munsey has turned his hounds loose on those This legal t'Ontest, in_;ohing a discu.ssion of the peace treaties be Senators who are trying to protect American industries and tween the Governments of the new central Eur<>pean States and the American labor. l'epresentatives of this purely American syndicate, will be the next step in this interesting attempt by American interests to secure so With Mr. Munsey's interest in one of the greatest steel plants large a ,measure of industrial eo.ntrol of central Europe. in the wo1·ld, employing from twenty to thirty. thousand men and running 85 per cent capacity, owning its ·-0wn iron mines, SEPTE~BER 13, 1921. its own coal mines, and all the rest of the by-products that go The management of -the estate of the Archduke Frederick of Austria and his family, in wWch a group of American capitalists has obtained into the making of steel, his interest in one and a quarter an interest, will be ·operated l:>Y the General Real Estate & Trust Co. million acres of fo1·est and fertile lands, his interest in glass recently incorporated in Geneva, Switzerland, with a capitalization of factories, pottery plants, 12 or 14 sugar-beet factories, and other $500,000. Two-thirds of the stoc-k of this company is owned by the Hapsburg family, while one-third is owned by the American syndicate. indnstrial institutions in foreign lands, it is not hard to under Rene Viviani, fo1·mer premier of France, has been retained to obtain stand why Mr. Munsey has turned his hounds 'loose on those a release of the properties which have been confiscated bY the vari Senators who are trying to })r-0tect American industries and ous Governments. These details were divulged yesterday by J. Leonard 'Replogle, who h~ac1s the American intel'ests. American labor, nor is it strange that he bas singled out the Mr. Viviani has heen intrusted with the task of bringing the matter members of the tariff bloc of the Senate; for without the before the mixed tribunal of the League of Nation on the ground that steadying influence of the tariff bloc this propaganda that has the confiscation of ome of the estates was a violation of the •treaty of St. Germain. been going on by Munsey, Goldman, and the international bank N~gotlations for the control of this vast estate -Rt.al'ted two -years -ers and their kind would have defeated any attempt to pass a ngo, when Mr. Replogle, on one of hi vi.sits abroad, negotiated with protective tariff measure at this session. So I say again to Eugene Schneider, the French steel manufacturer, to obtain an inter est in the Bergun.hotten steel plant, located at Teschen, Czechoslo-vakia. Mr. l\Iunsey and his hounds, let them come on. I will take This deal went through, and Mr. Replogle is one of the directors of my chances with the American farmer, the American manufac this company. Following this, the parties interested were approached turer, the American laborer, and the American people, regard on the matter of taking over additional properties, and finally the deal reached such Ja1·ge proportions that the assistance of other Amer less of \.\:hat occupation they follow, while he hobnobs with icans was oliciteu. royalty and exploits the poorly paid labor of Europe. The Teschen steel plant is said to be modern in every detail. It No reason is ascribed in any of these articles :· ; to why Mr. employs approximately .20,000 men at the -p-resent time, a~cot·ding to 1:11'. Replogle, and is operatmg at about 85 per cent of eapac1ty. It bas its Munsey, owner and publisher of these New York papers, should own by-11roduct coke ·o-n•ni:, coal mines, bar and plate mills, and, be have been selected as one of those to become engaged as a ·ides, is one of the lowei;t-"Cost protlucers of steel compared 'vith ai:i:v member of this SJildieate which holds such vast properties, of the large plants in this country in equipment. :\Ir. Schneider will continue to operate the plant. . many of which are producing tremendous ,quantities o-t: goods The propertie of the Rapsburg family taken o;er by the General which enter into competition of like products of American in Real E. tate & Trui:;t Co. include approximately 1,200,000 acres of du)stries. It may be, in this connection, that it would be well land. ot which 60,000 acres are in Italy. 120,000 in Rumania, 290,000 in Hungary, !!00,000 in Austria, and 200,000 in Czecho ·lovakia. It to inve tigate the well-defined rumors which circulated in includes from r2 to 14 beet-sugar faetoTies, several coal mines, apart Washington, Baltimore, and New York during the years imme ment houses in the larger cities <:Jf Austria and Hungary, palaces, and diately prior to the outbreak of the European War and during the Albertine Museum in "Vienna. 'l'he value of the art objects in 1:his museon1 alone is estimated at $100,000,000. The Hapsburg family be the early period of that war. fore the war ·was considered among the wealthiest in Europe, compar It was commonly reported in banking circles in those cities, ing with the Czar of Rusgja And the Rothschllds. so I am reliably informed, that Mr. l\Iunsey had tremendous It is the intention of the trust company, which i-s he-aded by H. S. End'Sley as president, to liguidate the landholdings and other prop holdings of bonds and securities of the Austrian Government. erty a Roon as possible, but as about 50 per cent of this property has It is a .matter of common public knowledge that every year for ·lleen confiscated by various countries it is believell that realization on to them will be a long fu·a,vn-out affair. The manufacturing plants, .a number of years previous the outbreak of the war in Eu- however, will be operaxed as heretofore .fly the trust company, which 1·ope l\Ir. l\lunsey spent several months at the famous watering is to be managed by Charles H. Sabin, [)l'esident of the Guaranty TTust places loeated in the Austrian :Empire. In fact, he was ma -l'o. of t:hi city; Mr. Replogle. president of the Vanadium Steel Co.; rooned in the Austrian Empire when the war -suddenly burst and Frank A. Munsey. · Mr. ·E:idsley was president of ·the Replogle Steel Co. during its period of reorganization. Rene Viviani is gen O\er Europe on A.ugust 1, 1914. His automobile was confiscated eral counsel of the General Beal Estate & Trust Co., and Samuel by lhe Austrian Government, and other personal property which Untermyer represents the American interests. he had with him was held up. He had considerable difficulty, Asso<'iated with Messrs. Sabin, Replogle, ·and Munsey are Thomas J. Felder, William A. Honnald, Louis Chevrillon, and Dr. Hugh Young, as did hundreds of other Americans traveling abroad that year, of Johns Hopkins Univer ity." Mr . .Felder has been inte1·e.'ted in the in getting out of .Europe, and was put to many inconveniences negotiations from the . tart and was associated with Mr. Replogle in in -so doing. securing an interest in the Bergunhutten steel plant. He i a son-in law (jf the late l\lilton Smith, vres:ident of the Louic;ville & Nashville Although he eventually arrived in this country with a safe Railroad. skin, Mr. Munsey's Ame1icanism, even at that time, ·was of The investment in the Gene1·al Beal Estate & Trust Co. has been ,such a thin veneer,that when he returned ho.me, instead of being eompletely financed and there will be no offering of -securities either in this country or abroad. Tire investment is a ·per on.al one on behalf thankful for his safe arrival he proceeded to use th" editorial of the individuaLstate. Mr. ·unte.rmyer said, in connection vested what prope1ties they have legitimately earned in Ameri with the report : ... The story is a silly fabrication from beginning to end. There is can enterprises which build up America . p11rfect ·harmony, ·sJ•mpathy, and understanding between the arcbducal Mr. President, in view of Mr. Munsey's great newspaper 'hold 'fam.H_y and the syndrcate. Since I left there and within the last 10 ings in .America and .his effort to prejudice public opinion days, the dfreetors of the trust company -thai1 holds the property met in .GeneYa, and by unanimaus vote ratified the contracts tbat were against American legislation in the interest of .his foreign in f'X~cuted in Paris the day before my departure. The interests are vestments, the people of the United States have a right to know now ·together ·working out the many complicated problems involved all the facts relating to l\1r. Munsey's foreign hdldings rn Euro jn the administration of the vast estate, and are in constant and harunrnious ommunication and cooperation to that end. Somebody bas ,pean industnie , stocks, bonds, and other securities. !ooJt>cJ l\1r. Von Weigand, for Vi!Lom I have .a high personal regard, If the Senators who have stood for protection to American - nd wl.Jo e good -faith in c:aLling 'tllis fooli. h yarn I do not doubt." industries ·and American labor are to be blackmailed in ·the in· il0936 CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-SENATE . AUGUST 4, terest of l\lr. Mun ey' foreign inrnstments, then I want to upper lip. It is this method of treating his whiskerial equipment which gives him his Ye.nkee appearance. He is no Yankee, not even an know about it. ex-Yankee, -0f whom the Middle West and W.est have many. He has Let us examine further the attitude of the New York Herald. no claim to New England residence or association. He was born in This newspaper is frequently referred to as a Republican news Norway in 1843, but as he came to this country when he was 6 years old he is native enough for all practical purposes. Ile is a very paper. It has consistently and persistently fought any legisla· good American. He went to Chicago first, but by the time he was 73 tion by this Congres which was in the interests of this country years old he i·eformed and went to Wisconsin. He stuck it out there wheneYer A.merican interests came into conflict with foreign until 1871, when he moved to Minnesota, thus escaping future political association with BOB LA FOLLETTE; but maybe Wisconsin memories interests. The managing editor of the New York Herald is a operate to incline him to friendship now with LENROOT, the better Democrat. He was trained and educated in the p1inciples of exhibit of Wisconsin politics. the Democratic Party by the late Joseph Pulitzer. He spent New England interest is now drawn, but with little promise of a thrill, to another western Senator, FRANK R. GooDINO, of Idaho, also the greater part of his newspaper career as the managing edi foreign born. Local intere t in GOODING ifl stirred by a letter he wrote tor of the New York World. About two years ago l\Ir. Charles to Conrad Hobbs, of Boston, in which he expressed a low opinion of M. Lincoln left the World to direct the policy of the New York those who import 'vool. As we interpret the easily interpreted cere· bral spasms of the junior Senator from Idaho he believes that those Herald for Mr. Munsey. He is now the managing editor of that who grow wool -0n the backs of sheep are of a much higher moral char newspaper. The Washlngton correspondent of the New York acter than those who import it from sheep born, reared, and sheared H erald, Mr. Louis Seibold, was, like Mr. Lincoln, schooled in in an alien country. It is probably the Gooding idea that there is something in the placid and moderate intellectual equipment of sheep the principle of the Democratic Party by the late Joseph which subtly imparts to its human associates an incapacity for evil, Pulitzer. He was for many years the Washlngton representa a dls!nclinatlon to sordidness, and a fitness for service in the United tive of the New York World. During the past two years he has States Senate. Thus far Mr. GOODING has not founded a bloc on Wa this basi , but when the sheep are enfranchised he will have it. been in charge of the hington bureau of the New York FRANK GooDI · G is a new Senator, who takes himself with an intense H Prald. seriou ness. He was born in England, but left that country in 1867, · Thus the two responsible officials of the New York Herald hi parents coming to America and young Frank deeming it expedient to accompany them, being in youth. We do not know what England who are in charge of it political news and policies are dyed-in lost by hi migration. Over here we gained a Senator. Young Mr. the-wool Democrats, who have always been and always will be Gooonrn was educated in the public schools of that sncculently named the willing agents of the Democratic Party. I heard with more place, Paw Paw, Mich., thus imbibin"' through the avenues of scho lastici m a sweet regard for the appeafing voice of native sheep, whose than pas ~ing interest the eulogy passed upon l\fr. Seibold on the cry in joy and sorrow manifests an alliteration not dJssimilar to that · :"fioor of the Senate the other day by the distinguished Senator of the Michigan town. At the age of 15, or by other accounts 17, from North Carolina, who pronounced Mr. Seibold one of the he moved to California, but soon moved again, to Idaho, where he wa for many years a contractor for mining companies and where grE" ntest writers in America. This is the opinion of all Demo during the past 20 years he has been engaged in the stock and farm cra ts. Under the direction of l\1r. Seibold and l\Ir. Lincoln the ing business. with the emphasis on the woolies. Few, if any, in Idaho New York Herald ha been definitely aligned against the Re own more sheep than FRANK GOODING. For his sheep, and the hair upon their backs, he would f!acrtilce every wool merchant in Bo ton publican Party nnd the Republican administration for more and surrounding te1·ritory. · Judging by his letter to Mr. Hobbs, be than a year. The tariff is not the only administrative policy would even acrince courtesy. which the New York Hernld is opposing or has opposed. As accurately as our judgment will allow us to estimate the repre sentation from Idaho in the United St:lltes Senate, there is enough Through its news and it editorial columns it has persistently, statesmanship therein to provide two high-grade Senators. The divi con istently, and most bitterly taken issue with the Republican sion, however, is uneven, which is unfortunate for the junior Senator. administration upon all policies. It has not had a Republican The Senate and the wool tariff, however, are not the only things in life. We are reminded by a reader, apropos our recent publication of impul e since this administration began to exert its influence in what ha been called the oldest sto1·y in the world. that Wendell public affairs. Senator who quote from the New York Herald, Phillip in his lecture on the "Lost arts," first delivered in 1837 and ascribe to it Republicanism, offer an insult to public in (Speeche of Wendell Phillips, 1892, p. 371), says_: ·• There i one story which it is said Washington has related, of a telligence and make a laughing stock of them elves among man who went to an inn and asked for a drink from the landlord, newspaper men. who pushed forward a wine.glass about half the usual size, and said, The New York Herald is not the only newspaper which is 'That glass out of which you are drinking is 40 year old.' 'Well,' said the thirsty traveler, contemplating its diminutive proportions, frequently quoted upon the floor as Republican. The record of 'I think it is the smallest thing of its age I ever saw.' the S~nate proceedings of August 1 shows that the Senator "That story as told i given as a story of Athens 375 years before from ·orth Carolina [Mr. SIMMONS] had inserted a large num Christ was born." Or, we mi~t add, possessing later information than that available ber of editorials from papers which he labeled Republican. to Wendell J:'hillips, 2,294 years before the adoption of our own Among them was the New York Evening Post. It is well known eighteenth amendmeut. that tlle New York Evening Post for at least a generation has l\lr. GOODING. l\Ir. President, I admit the charge contained been Democratic. It gained national reputation by its sup in this article that I was born in a foreign country under the port Df Cleveland. It has been critical to a degree of every British flag. The publisher and responsible editor of the Boston Republican administration for the last quarter of a century. Herald is Robert J. O'Brien, a very distinguished and honor Under its owne1·sWp by Mr. Thomas W. Lamont, of the Morgan able gentleman, but who, as his name indicate , came from banking house, in 1920, it was conspicuous for its upport of fo1·eign-born ancestry of the same country wWch gave me birth. l\Ir. Cox, Democratic candlda te for President. Since that time I now ask the Secretary to read the following article, which Mr. Lamont bas disposed of bis interest to a syndicate, among appeared in the Boston Herald of June 13, 1922. which are such distinguished and well-known Democrats as The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, the Sec Cleveland H. Dodge, who financed President Wilson's first retary will read as requested. campaign; Frank Polk, who was Undersecretary of State under The Assistant Secretary read as follows: the Wilson regime ; and other leading Democrats. PAPERS TO AID FOREIGN TRAD~AMERICAN NEWSPAPERS COMBINJl TO Other newspapers are quoted and credited as being Repub .ASSIST FIRMS TO " SELL AMERICA "-OPllN OFFICES IN LONDON AND lican which are no more Republican than the New York Even PARIS. • ing Post and the New York Herald. A paper's policy is deter Announcement of the organization of the AS'sociated American News papers brings to public notice the newest and one of the most compre mined not by its ancestry but by the utterances of its editorial hensive plans yet devised to assist European manufacturers and mer columns and the slant of its news columns. In this connection chants to develop their business in America through the mediumship of I a k that the Secretary read the following article "·bich ap newspaper advertising. The a sociation has been formed as a result of a constant and grow peared in the Boston Herald of July 29, 1922. It wa written ing demand in the American market fo1· European merchandise to make by Mr. Whiting, the Washington correspondent of the Boston an intensive effort to assist in this market development, and success Herald, who contributes to that paper one column of editorial is as ured in advance, as each newspaper member of the association ls a tremendou force in its market or 'Selling zone, and the field covered matter a day under hi own signature. by the e newspapers comprises the wealthiest, most populous, most con The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Secretary will read, centra tecl, and most easily developed markets in the United States. \vithout objection. .Xhe .Associated American Newspapers compri'Ses the following widely known newspapers: The Boston Ilerald and Traveler the Chicago The reading clerk read u follows: Tribune, the New York Time , the Cleveland Plain Deaier,1 the Phila K NUTll NELSO N, United Stat es Senator from Minne otu. who has delphia Evening Bulletin, the Washington Star, the Pittsburgh Post Jx>en one of the supporting member of IRVINE LEXRoor's tariff rebel and Sun, the St. Louis Globe-Democrat, and the Minneapolis Tribune. lion in the Senate, could hardly be classed as a rebel by nature. Ile Through this association of representative newspapers is placed at ba bad a long political career, in which irregularitv has not been con the dispo al of European advertisers and advertising agents the highest spicuous. He is convinced that the Finance CommlttP.e's ideas on the development of newspaper merchandising service to assist .European wool t:llriff, or the idea s which the Finance Committee is supporting, firm in planning to " sell America." a re not good from any rea sonable point of view. Thus he joins his Two European offices already have been established and are now voice and vote to tho e of LENROOT, and thus finds him elf one -0f an functioning-the London office at 125 Pall Mall SW., in charge of Mor aggre sive minority among t he majority Members of the Senate. timer Bryands, as representative for Great Britain, and the Paris office NELSON is one -0f the vetera ns, both in service and in years, in the at 5 Rue Lamartine with R. A. Washburn in charge, as representative Senate. LlllNROOT i one of the youngsters. NELSO •'s support of on the Continent. Both offices are equipped with telephone and cable J,E:SROOT'S position now r emoves from it any su piclon of brashness. connections and with every other facility to aid the prospective adver NEJ,SON. ls a cautious ma n. tiser in properly prepal'ing bis publlclty message to the American K K CTE NELSON looks o much like a Yankee be ought to be one. public. Vi ltors to the Senate gallery often pick him out a a " t~· pical New E nglund Senator." He is short of stature, a trifle roly-poly but not l\ir. GOODL~G. l\Ir. President, evidently the main distinc t oo much so; he wears a shor t, white chin beard and he shaves his tion between Mr. O'Brien and myself is that, although both of 1922. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD__,SENATE~ 10937,

us are of foreign-born ancestry, I am devoting myself te Ameri whole world is witnessing the result of suck a policy.. But if can ·intere ts and the pretectien and development of Ameri-can it is the judgment. of this Senate that a man. can not legislate indus h·y, while Mr. O'Brien is using his publicati-On, to quote honestly because he ba.s property that may, be favorably af from his paper, '' to assist European manufacturers and me~ fected by such legislation I am willing, along with all oilier chants to develop their business in America," which, of course, Senators who have property and investments, to step down and must be uone, and will be done, at the expense of American out and let the people send those who aTe without property to manufacturers and Ameri.can labor. legislate for them. When t he Senate committee undertakes this investigation I But, Mr. President, whether I remain in the United States shall insist that all the facts relating to Mr. Munsey's foreign Senate or depart from it, I for one intend to continue for the investments be · probed to the bottom in order that the Ameri rest of my -life to fight for the protection of American people, can people may learn why Mr. Munsey is to-day the champion for the protection of American industry and American labor, of foreign industries and the enemy of American industry and for the men and· women of this country who believe that our la~r. The charge ·of. th.Ci New York Herald against Members prosperity depends upon our ability as a people and a nation ()f the Senate is a poor camou1lag~ for the concealment of Mr. to secure and protect the rights of property and to maintain a M11nsey's exploitation of the work~s of central EUl'ope a.ny years.} wish to say, in justice to Mr. O'Brien, that he was born in this FORlllIGN G-OVER....,MJlNT LOA~S. eountry and is a graduate of Harvard. He was educated here , European countries: and is a good an A.merican as I know, although I differ with 19201919------~--- ______$305,000,000254,600,000 _ him on some taiiff points, no doubt. 1921______144,800,000 Mr. GOODING. ~iy statem-ent was that be was of foreign 1922______69,000,000 ancestry, the same as myself. · South America : l\1r. LODGE. We are all of foreign ancestry if we go back 1921------~- ~ ------171,500,000 1922------~-- 78,000,000 far enough. • c~~da: • 1919______65,000,000 :\.Ir. GOODING. I understand that. 1921______6, 000., -000 Continual reference is made upon the floor of the Senate that 1922 ______106,000,000 man.ufa-cturers, farmers, and others who have investments ha'\--e ----~ $1, 199, 900, 60'0 no right to advocate a measm·e which would afford protection Queensland and Dutch East Indies : to tho e investment':!. A great deal has been said regarding the 19221921------______12,000,-060 110. OOQ~ 000 selfishness of those who are interested in the passage of a pro 122,000,000 tective tariff bill as a woole. What I propose to do by my reso FORmGN MUNI~PAL BONDS •. lution is to investigate the selfishness of those who would profit by the defeat -0f proposed ,schedules and who would put large Eurof~~-:~~~~~~------1920______:;______$60,000,00021, 000, 000 sums of mony in.to their pocket by the defeat of the tariff bill as 1921______6,000,000 . 1922______7, 560, 000 I a whole. do not make the charge that Members of this body South America: have voted -for the defeat of rates proposed ,by the Senate 1919----~------8,500,000 Finan-ce Committee because by defeating the rates they would 19221921------~------______3,500,000 profit gi·eatly thereby. But I ask the question whether or not 23', 000, 000 Members of this body have not voted against protective rates $129,500,000 because they were stockholders in corporations that wished the IXDt;STlllAL, STE.AMSlIIP, AND RAILWAY BO:ITD'S. defeat of such rates? I ask the question whether there are not Eurof~~~-~~~~~~~------~--- $75,ooo,ooo Members of this body who are heavily interested in newspapers South America : who have indicated their opposition to proposed tariff rates on 1922------print paper and wood pulp because it is to their finru;icial inter 79, 000, 000 ests to do so? 9randtobl______~------~53~40~000 If it is a crime for a United States Senator to vote for pro Jnd1'strial, steamship, and rai lway bonds. tection because he might safeguard his own investments if is also a crime for a United States Senator to vote for free bade Name. Country. Date and maturity. Rate. Amount. or a smaller measure of protection in order that he may protert bis investments. You can not mak.e fish of one and fowl of the EUROPEA__'I COmiTRIES. other. Per ct. I am willing to be judged by the same standard by which French-American Indus- France .•..••.. Jan. 1, 1922-1942 ••. ~ $10, 000, 000 trial Development Cor- • other Senators are judgedy If it has become a crime in the poration (Steel Works). United States for a man with property and investments in this Paris-Mediterranean Rail- ...•. do ....•••• Feb. 15, 1922-Aug . 6 40,000,000 ceuntry to seek public office and sit in legislative halls, tben we road Co. 15, 1958. bave reached the level of. If it is misdemeanor and United Stat.ea Steamship Scandi.na via... May 1, 1922-1-937 ••• 6 5, 000, 000 Russia. a a Co. (Ltd.). violation of public et hics flnd morals for those who have ac Holland-America Line._ .. Holland ....•.. Mgy 1, 1922-1947. - 6 . 18,000, 000 cumula ted something to assist in framing legislation, then I am Anton Jurgens U nited ....• do ..•.. .•. June l, 19'12--J uly 6 l 12, 000, 000 willing,. along with other Senators in this body who own prop Margarine Works. 1, 1947. erty and have investments, to resign. Tota, ...... • • . . . . • • • • • .. • • . • . . . . . • ...... • . • • ...... 15, 000, 000 Let us walk out together who are in that class and leave the Senate in the hands of those wbo are without property. That SOt:'Ill A.MERICA. is what happened in R ussia.. One of the provi '3ion s of the Paulista Railway Co .• _.. Br azil ...... _. Mar. 15, 1922- 1942. 7 4,000, 000 Bolshevik constitution is that in the Soviet go\ernment no man w ho owns prope rt ~ is permitted to -,ote or hold office. The l.Approxunately. 10938 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE; AUGUST -!.

Fo1·eign ooi•en1ment (including departmental) loans. ganda of denunciation of the pending tariff bill and oppo ·ed its passage at this time as a protective tariff mea ·ure. The time Country. Dateandmaturity. Rate. Amount. will never come when these international bankers v.·ill favor a protective tariff measure. They are internationalists and haYe EUROPEAN COUNTIUES. lost interest in America. Per ct. I am wondering, Mr. President, if Senators on this side of the Swedisli Goverrun:ent ...... June 15, 1919-1939. 6 S25,000,ooo Chamber have forgotten how bitterly the Deroocrats denounced Switzerland ...... Aug. 1, 1919-1929 .. 51. 3o,ooo, ooo the emergency tariff bill. How well I remember the statement~ United Kingdom of Great Britain and Nov.1,1919 ($101,- 5l 250, 000, 000 th Ireland. 620,900 due Nov. of e s enator from Nebraska [l\fr. H ITCHCOCK]. He insi ·ted 1, 1922; $148,379,- 100 due Aug. 1, that we were handing the farmer "a gold brick." In a voice 1929). full of throbs, with c1·ocodile tear~ apparently treaming clown Jan. 1, 1920-1925 ... 6 18, 600, 000 his cheeks, he said, " The farmer asked you for bread. and Feb. I, 1920-1925 .. 6! 25, 000, 000 you gave him a stone." The little Senatoi: .from North Cai·olinn ~~i:~-:: :::: ::::: :: ::::: ::::: ::::: ::::: June 1, 1920-1945 .. 7~ 46, 000, 000 Switzerland ...... July 1, 1920-1940 ... 8 25, 000, 000 [Mr. Sn.rMONS]-little in stature only, but a giant in intellect Sept. 15, 1920-1945. 8 95, 000, 000 followed a day or two aftenrnrds with exactly the same word . Oct. 1~ 1920-1940 ... 8 20, 000, 000 After working him. elf up to a pitch of excitement, as he does ~=:~~~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::: Oct. fo, 1920-1945 .. 8 2ii, 000, 000 '.Belgium ...... Feb. I, 1921-1941 .. 8 30, 000, 000 when he is in earne ·t, of course, he said, "The farmer asked Danish consolidated municipal. loan ...... Feb. 1, 1921-1945 .. 8 14, 800, 000 you for bread, and yon rrave hinl a stone." June 1, 1921-1941.. 76! 100, 000, 000 '. ~~rt~~~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::: Jan. 1, 1922-1942... 30,000,000 Now, l\lr. President, all at once that stone i · turned into gold. Department ofthe Seine (France) ...... Jan .14, 1922-1942 . . 7 25, 000, 000 For the first time, to my knowledge at least, we have had the Czecho-Slovak Republic ...... Apr. 1, 1922-1951 .. 8 14, 000, 000 admission by the Democratic Party that a protective tariff law .Yugoslavia .•...... May 1, 1922-1962 .. 8 25, 000, 000 has benefited the American farmer. Through their hypocritical 798,400,000 policy on the tariff they have always denounced every p1·otec- ---- tive t:Rriff measure. The junior Senator from Mississippi [l\lr. QueenslandfAustralia) ...... Oct.1, 1921-1941... 7 i2,ooo,ooo HARRISO:\'] only ::i. few weeks ago was so sure that no farmer Dutch East ndies .. ······················ Jan. I, 1922-1947··· 6 40,000,ooo had been benefited by the emergency tariff la,...... that be 1·ntro- Queensland (A11;5tralia) ...... Feb.15, 1922-1947. 6 10,000,000 n ~ DutchEastlndies ...... Mar. I, 1922-1962.. 6 60,000,000 duced a resolution demanding a report from the Tariff Commis- 122 sion as to the benefits accruing from the operation of the eme1· Total.. · · · · ·· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·: · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ' 000· 000 gency tariff act. That report, like almost every other report Chile ...... ~~~-~-~~~~~:...... Feb. 1, 1921_194i... 8 S24, ooo, ooo that comes from the Tariff Commission, did not announce any State of Sao Paulo (Brazil) ...... llar. 14, 1921-Jan. 8 io,000,000 definite conclusion except along certain lines. 1,1936. Now, Mr. Pre. ident, after ridiculing and almost insulting the Brazil...... June l, l92l-l941. · 8 50,ooo,ooo Senators on th·~ s'ue 'Yiho ~ t d f th t "ff b"ll Uruguay ...... Aug. 1, 1921-1946.. 8 7,500,000 · i._ d · 'o e or e emergency ari I , Ar~entineRepublic ...... Oct. 1, 1921-1923.. 7 50,000,000 Democratic Senators propose to investigate in order to ascer- Chile ... ~ ...... Oct. 1, 1921-1926.. 8 9,500,000 tain how many millions of dollars certain Senators may ha'le Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) ...•...... Oct. 1, 1921-1946.. 8 10,000,000 made out of it. Chile ...... Nov. I, 1921-1946.. . 8 io, 500,ooo It . t 1\r p "d t th th .ff Argentine Relublic ...... Feb. 1, 1922-1927.. 7 27, 000,00[) is rue, i.ur. res1 en 1 at e emergency tan 1aw has ~rall~ (Coffee oan) ...... ~pr. t· mtm~·· i' ~,ggg,~ proven a blessing to the American farmer. E•ery protective 0 via ...... Jay ' ~22- - ·· 25,'ooo',ooo tariff law has always brought pro.n"erity an

The1·e being no objection, the table refon·ed to was oraered gation, and I think they axe all honest. I have not found any to be printed in the RECORD. as follows: crooks in the United States Senate. 1 have a -very high regard for the Members of this body,; but I do think it is unfortunate, Equiv- just for the dirty politics that is played to too great an extent .Article. U~~~ Equivalent Rate in Senate alent Rate in Ford- in this country, that Senators will go so far as to question the law. ad valorem. bill. fo~e~: ney bill. honesty of Members of this body in charging that they have not any right to vote '.for protection to the industries of their States. Per ct. · If I had clone anything less than I ha-ve done in this body in Wheat...... Free...... Free...... 30{!8Iltsbushel 28 25 cents bUShel. I 15cents bushel. the way of fighting for protection for tbeindustiies of my State, ~~:::::::~: i::: ::~~:::~:: :::::~~ ~ ::::: ~c'::~=~ ~ 6 cents dozen. I would not be worthy of representing the great Commonwealth :Buckwheat...... Jdo .. • ... •.•.. •do...... W aents hun- ..••..•. ao cents hun I think dredweight. dredweight. of Idaho. every member of the Finance Committee Ootton ...... do ...... do ..... : 7 cents pound 30 Free. will bear me out in the ·statement that I have said less and (long staple) . done less for protection on wool before the Finance Committee .'Beef...... • do ...... do ...... 3!cents pound -22 2 cents pound. of Veal ...... do ...... do ... -•...... do ...... , 22 Do. than for any other one the ·important agricultural indus Mutton ...... •. do ...... do.~···· ~centspound 25 li cents pound. tries. Again, I want to say that the hardest figlrt I have made Lamb...... do ...... . 'Tlre majority of the committee believes that the Senator Hay...... J $2ton ______?percent .. $3ton...... IO ·U'ton. Straw __ .•.. . • 50-cents ton. 5 per cent. .. Sl.50 ton.-·.~ lo . SI ton. referred to in these publications are men of integrity, who e 'Oats ...... 6 c e n t s 16 per cent. . 15 cents bushel 39 10 cents bushel. ·votes in this body have never been ·in:ftuenced by any improper bushel. 1 1 motive. All of them have frankly stated on the fl.001· of the Flaxseed... . . 20 c e n t s 11 per cent. . 4.0 cents bushel 22 2..5 cents bushel. bushel. · ·Senate their interest in the tariff bill under consideration, and Onions ...... • ..... do ...... Spercent ... lcentpound .. 20 ' 75 cents hun the committee is of the opinion that the investigation would fail i 'dredweight. in 'bringing to light any additional information. The inquiry .Honey .•..... 10 cents gal- ..... do .•.... 3 cents pound .. ·27 2! cents pound. Ion. would take the time of 'Members ·of this body, and would co t Hops...... 16 ceuts 26 per cent. ~ Z4 centspound 39 24 cents pound. a large sum of money, resulting in no benefit to the country. pound. Speaking for myself, I -regret the intimatton in the resolution J>~~-un- ieentpound. 4.22per cent. 3 cents pound. 30 3.cents 11ound. that Frank A. Munsey, the owner of the 'New York He1·ald, wa" 'Barley ...... 15 c ents 30 per cent .. '20 cents bushel 4.0 15 cents b~hel. intlrrenced in his opposition to the tariff 'bill ·because of some bushel. I :Apples .....•. 10 cents 9.6 per cent. 3Gcents bushel· 30 25 oonts bushel. personal interest he may have in its defeat. do not agree bushel. with Mr. Munsey in his position on this measure, but I am con Beans...... 25 c e -n ts Sper cent ...; 2 cents pound. aa li cents pound. fident ·that his opposition to it is based upon what he believe. bushel. in Mr. J3eets ...... Spar cent ... 5 per cent ... J.7per cent .•.. 17 · 17 per cent. to be the best interest of the country. Mrmsey is one Horses and IO percent .. lOper cent .. 20per cent .... 20 20 per cent. of the Nation's representative citizens, and I tru t when the mules. bill is finally pas ed, and all of its provisions are understood, he Butter ...... 22 C·en't.s 6i per cent .• .s cents pound. 25 8 cen.ts pound. will come to believe that he was mistaken in his I>o ition J>Ound. Eggs, dried .. 10 c ents 20per cent .. 18 cents pound 30 15 cents pound. toward it. pound. Mr. HARRISON. 1t1r. President, may I ask the Semrtor a Eggs, frozen . . 2 ce nts 7per cent ... 6 cents pound. 17 4 cents pound. pound. question before he takes his seat? I understand, then, in 'View Grapes ...... 25 cents cu- 2 per cent ... 25 cents cubic 2 .25 cents cubic of the utterances of the Senator, that the ~ommittee in making blc foot. foot. foot. an unfavorable report upon this i·esolution Tepudia:tes the Raisins ...... 2 c ents 11 per cent •. 2} cents pound f7 '2 cents pound pound. charges that wel'e made by the Senator -from Idaho as to the a11egations of the Herald and other newspapers of the country? Mr. CALDER. 1\:Ir. President, the Senat6r from New York is Mr. GOODING. Mr. President, the cardinal p1inciple of the not going into that question. The majority of tbe committee Republican Party has been t>rotection to American industry. Teports the resolu.tion adver ely. The Senate can do as it If there is one fhing that we have advocated more than any wishes with it. other, it is a tariff which shall represent the honest difference Mr.· HARRISON. 'But I understood the Senator 'to say that in the cost of production a't home an'd abroad. Experts of the the committee to w.hich this resolution was refened does not Tariff Commission have found that 33 cents is not the honest believe that there is any foundation for the charges that were ·clifference in the cost of producing a po'Und of scoured wool in made in the Gooding resolution. America and a -pound of scoured.wool in the Argentine, and yet 'Mr. CALDER. )llr. President, the committee does not go I am to be blaclrnlailed and denounced as a criminal '.for voting into that at all. The committee reports the re olution ad for a principle that the Republican Party has advocated since versely. its birth. The experts of the Tariff Commission find that it The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The report \vill ,be receivelead for protection for 1\1.r. GOODING. Mr. President, I suggest the absence of a the American farmer, we may as well have a soviet government. quorum. and 'then we will have nothing better than they have over in l\Ir. HARRISON. I have the fioor1 I believe. Russia to-uay, where they are destroying womanhood and Mr. GOODING. Will the Senator yield to permit ~e to ug motherhood and Christianity-everytning that is worth liVing gest the absence of a quorum? for, everything that is worth 'fighting for, and everything that The PRESIDENT pro tempo1·e. Does the Senator from l\!ts· is worth eying for. sissippi yield? · Come on with yom· insestigations. I want the report J:>f the 1\1r. HA.RRISO..,.'*. I think the Senator from Idaho is entitled Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the to a quorum \Vhile this ·matte1· is being di cussed. I yield for Senate. ... o honest man in the Senate ought to fear an investi- that purpose, but I do not want to lose my right to continue. 1922. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 10941

The PilESIDENT pro tempore. The Secretary will call Mr. BURSUM. · Mr. President-- the roll. Mr. HARRISON. I will not yield just for the present. I The A~istant Secretary called the roll, and the following want to get through with this proposition. Then, when I have Senators answered to their names: finished, I wjll be glad to yield for ansr question. Ashurst Fletcher McCormick Ransdell The Senator from New York submitted this report; and my Ball Glass McCumber Robinson information is that only a majority of the committee joined Borah G~d1ng McKinley Sheppard in this unfavorable report. The Democratic member of that Brou sard Hale McLean Shortridge Bursum Harreld McNary Simmons committee is the Senator from New Mexico [l\fr. JoNEs]. I Calder Harrlson Myers Smoot will ask the Senator from New York if the Senator from New Cameron Ileilin Nelson - Spencer Mexico did not vote to report the resolution favorably? Capper Hitchcock New Stanfield Caraway Jones, N. Mex. Newberry Stanley Mr. CALDER. The Senator from New Mexico indicated his Culberson Jones, Wash. Nicholson Sterling willingness to have it reported favorably. Cummins Kendrick Odille Trammell Mr. ~RISON. The two Republican members of that com Curtis Keyes Overman Walsh, Mass. Dial Ladd Pepper Walsh, Mont. mittee, or all the Republican members of the committee who Dillingham Lenroot Phipps Watson, Ind. were consulted, agreed to report it out unfavorably; in other Ernst Lodge Pomerene Willis words, to quash it, to smother it, to kill it, so that the reports The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Sixty Senators have an which are rampant throughout the country can not be verifiell swered to their names. A quorum is present. or disproved to the people, and the fair names of the Senator Mr. HARRISON. The action of the Committee to Audit and from Idaho and others, as well as of the States they represent Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate in making an in part, can not be cleansed. unfaYorable report on this Gooding resolution is perhaps wlt!-1- So the Republican members of this committee,. to which the out precedent in this body. I am quite sure that not only did resolution was referred, ask the other side of the Chamber, it stun the Senator from Idaho, whose integrity has been chal as well as this side, tQ kill the i·esolution, to strangle it, not lenged, but it no doubt bewildered other Senators, even those to let this investigation come about. I say it is unprecedented . on the other side of the aisle. in the whole history of the United States Senate. A Member of this body says, in his capacity as a Senator, that Of course the resolution was· not exactly fair to all parties certain charges against him and his colleagues are false, concerned. It did ask for an investigation as to charges touch charges which have been published in the public print from one ing certain Senators having interests in wool and sheep who end of this country to the other, to the effect that they are have voted for these high rates, which necessarily impose interested in wool, interested in sheep, interested in chemicals, greater burdens upon every person hi the country who uses or interested in mines, interested in oils, and because of their in needs woolen clothes or woolen blankets. But there would have terest in those investments and various things which are manu been many modifications to the resolution proposed, in the form factured or produced in this country that they are champion of amendments, and will be, if we can vote down this unfavor ing high rates against the interests of the American people. able i·eport and have the Senate consider the resolution. There So the Senator from Idaho, in order at least to remove that will be amendments offered to it which ~ill provide that the stain upon his character and the fair ~ame of his State, and investigating committee shall go into an investigation such as the names of other States whose Senators have been likewise the American people would desire, and which we should have. charged, offers this resolution, and asks simply that five of his Let me point out a few things left out of the resolution. It colleagues be appointed to make an investigation of the matter. may be that the Senator from Idaho left these out inadvert Now, we find the chairman of the Committee to Au?it and Con ently, it may be that he intentionally left them out, or it may trol the Contingent Expem:es of the Senate reportmg unfavor be that because he wanted to draw the resolution quickly and ably upon the resolution and asking the Senate to adopt that get it in, so that at the earliest possible moment his skirts i·eport which would deny the investigation, and in the same might be cleared, he omitted some things, and took it for i·eport the chairman defends a certain publisher of his own city. granted that certainly the Senate would amend the resolution. That is strange politics, indeed. The first resolve indicates that one of the things to be in What is there behind all this that moves Senators? The res vestigated is the financial interests of Senators in the wool olution of the Senator from Idaho in simple language makes and sheep industries. Of course charges have been made in this charge, which a committee composed of his colleagues, for regard to the chemical schedule, and mining,. and sugar, and the most part of the same political faith he holds, turns down. other industries, which should be added to this resolution ; and The resolution reads: if this report of the committee is voted down I assure Senators Whereas charges have been made by the New York Herald that Mem that we will have an opportunity to vote on an amendment to ber· of the Senate engaged in the sheep industry have thereby been this investigation resolution which will permit an investigation financially interested in the wool schedule of the pending tariff bill- into the activities of certain sugar interests, chemical interests, Tlten there are other whereases, and it continues : mining interests, and manufacturers who are receiving benefits Resolved, That the financial intel·ests of Senators in the wool and from the high rates imposed in this bill. Now, why the Senator sheep indu'Stries be investigated. · should restrict it to such an extent I know not. For what purpose? So that they can lay the facts on the Mr. GOODING. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? I table and remove whatever impression may have been wrongly merely want to say to the Senator that if he will read it all- created, and which has been charged in the public press. It Mr. HARRISON. I am going to read it all. has not been confined to any one paper. The New York Herald Mr. GOODING. He will find there is nobody left out. is not alone in saying, in its editorial columns, that Senators, Mr. HARRISON. I am going to read it all and I am going in order to promote their own private welfare-add to their to show the Senator that persons who should be included were own 1>ocketbooks--entered into this agreement to have their col left out. I take it from the remarks of the Senator that he leagues unite in the imposition of these high rates on wool. omitted them through oversight and not intentionally. I am I have before me a paper from even as far away as the moun glad to have the interruption, because I would dislike to think, tains of the "Volunteer" State, an editorial in which makes indeed it would be humiliating to me as one who has a very similar charges. With such charges as these made, which no strong and warm affection for the Senator from Idaho to ·doubt the Senator from Idaho has read, I submit that he and think that be would draft the resolution and intentionally and hi · colleagues are entitled to an investigation that the country deliberately lea>e out so many other interests that should be may know the real facts. Perhaps the committee which con investigated. sidered this resolution, from which the Senator from Idaho Now, let us go further. I am going to analyze the entire reso pleads for a favorable report thereon, did not see even in a lution. Second, the Senator from Idaho wants to investigate NashYille paper such charges as this: "the financial interests of Mr. Frank A. l\Iunsey in European U ader a Salt Lake City date line appeared this item: industries which compete with American industries, the amount " The Shoshone, Idaho, wooi clip has been sold by a pool, headed by and percentage of his income derived from advertisements Senator FRANK R. GOODING and bis brother, at an average price of 30 cents a pound, to the B. Harris Wool Co., of St. Louis and Salt Lake placed in his newspapers by the importing department stores," City. The dip consisted of 1,000,000 pounds. The prices paid are and so forth. That is the part to which the Senator from New more than 100 per cent higher than lust year, it was stated." York objects. Well, we can not blame the Senator for object Last year was when the emergency tariff bill was passed by ing. He has on his hands now one of the hardest political the Congress. With such allegations as that in the public press, fights of his long and eventful political career. l\Ir. Frank A. confined to no city or no State, which people by the millions Munsey is a political strong arm in his State. He wields an have read, not only about the Senator from Idaho but other influence hardly second to any in that State. The Herald, I Senn tors; with common rumor afloat in every hamlet anu vil imagine, is friendly to the distinguished Senator from New lage in this land, I submit that the Senator from Idaho is en York, and he does riot want to b_ru~se the feelings of either titled to a favorable report on this resofotion. l\Ir. l\Iunsey· or the New York Herald; So it is good politics, 10942 001 GRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. AUGUST 4,

end I congratulate the Senator from New York on being candid l\Ir. C.UDER. l\fr. President-- about it and so frankly stating as his reasons for his action The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Doe the Senator from Mis his selfish political instinct. Bat it is so illogical, so un sissippi yield t°' the Senator from New York? reasonable, so unfair, and unjust to the Senator from Idaho Mr. HARRISON. I yield for that purpose. aml other • enator again t whom charges ha,'e been made. Mr. CALDER The Senator from N w York has macle no Rumors are floating thick and fa t all over the country, which motion. The Senator's committee reported the re olution un wm be J1anded down to their children and their children's favorably, and that is all. children, blotting tbe escutcheon of the States which they rep l\lr. HARRISON. Does not the Sena t r propose to make tlle re ent, simply because the Senator from New York was a motion? friend of Frank A. Munsey and the New York Herald and l\Ir. CALDER. No; I do not. hould, therefore, deny the right of the Senate to investigate Mr. HARRISON. Then the motion will be made, and I am all the other allegations. going to ask unanimous con ·ent, when I 1ini h, that immediate The Senator from New York and hi committee could have consideration of the re olution be entered into, and I shall R"tricken from the resolution the econd paragraph, if you plea e, make the motion tllat the Senator's unfavorable report be which applies to Frank A. Munsey and the New York Herald. turned do,vn. After that is done, if the enate so decide, we The Senator would receive just as much warm approbation can change the many erroneous statements and incorrect as from Mr. Munsey and the New York Herald by performing sumptions contained in the resolution. that graciou act as he probably will recefre by reporting nn Mr. LODGE. Mr. President-- favorably upon the resolution. Indeed, Frank A. Munsey is a Mr. HARRI ON. I do not care to yield now. man of wisdom. He is a patriot and bas a reputation of be lli. LODGE. I ro e to the parliamentary que tion which the fag fair antl just. The Herald is a great newspaper with a Senator him elt has raised. reputation all over tlle country. If the Herald should indorse lli. HARRISON". I did not raise it. editorially the action of the Senator from Kew York and the Mr. LODGE. I simply make the point that under the rule the procedure he has taken here to-clay, that simply in order to repol't ha to go over for one day in any e\ent. help :i\Ir. Munsey and retain :Qis political friend hip be woulcl Mr. HARRISON. Oh, yes; the Senator can employ all the smother all the other investigations that are sought in the little parliamentary technicalities he 'n\nt in order to delay other provi ions of the resolution, the people would say in New action, in order to assi t in smothering the proposition. Bnt I York that the Senator from New York is not the kind of man say to him, and I say to hi pa:rt:r on the other side of the ai. le, that New York is entitled to have representing her in part upon that the American people will never tancl for the employment the floor of the United States Senate. They would say, "In of tecbnicalitie to idetrack this re olution, became he know , (leed, we need a bigger man than he." They would say, "We adroit and long-experienced legislator tllat he i , that unani want one who will overlook his little selfi h political interest mou consent can be entered into here for the immediate con for the common good and general welfare of all the people. We sideration of the propo ition. If the Senator wants to obj ct, wm ""ant one there who, when the fair name of the Senate of I am going to give the Senator from i\las achusett. an oppor the United States is dragged in the mud will help to raise tunity to do so. The country is entitled to action upon the n and provide the opportunity to blot out those accusations, Gooding resolution. They are going to haYe it to-day if there if untrue, which the Senator from Idaho alleges certain inter is any way to haYe it. If it is defeated, the defeat will come e ts have brought against Senators upon this floor." from the other side of the aisle and not from this side. .Kow, let me go further. I would offer an amendment to strike Now, let me go further with the re oh1tion. The enntor out the name of Frank A. l\Iunsey. I would not employ all of from Icluho wants to inve tigate-- my guns against him. He is not the only one in this fair land 3. The number o! Senators owning or controlling or financially in!et· who has brought these charges. Why shonlGE] re ides, the Republi will be benefited by the increaised tariff rat propo eel in he can papers ha-ve r f.irom Idaho does back to his committee to take favorable action upon it. not prm-ide how they shall be inYe tigated. But the Senators . ~

1922. CONGRESSIONAL REGORD-SENATE. 10943 from Nebraska and Kansas and Virginia, who said they did not Nation, the whole American people, for they will all be better think it was proper and right to vote when the rules of the Sen oif as the result of the passage of this measure. ate and the precedents of both bodies provide that when a Sen • Mr. HARRISJON. Mr. President, I heard. when I was a tiny. ator is interested in the question or the measure coming bef?re boy that when the hunters began to pursue the she bear and the Senate for consideration they may be excused from voting they got close with -their hounds the bear was accustomed to upon the proposition, aTe nevertheless to be investigated under throw down the little c.ub in. order to distract their attention the resolution of the Senator from Idaho. They shelter them in order that she might escape. Senators may apply that to selves behind that provision; yet under the Gooding resolution suit themselves. Mr. President, let me proceed, now, along they are to be investigated, and others who are voting for the one other line. increased rates to benefit so many interests, at the expense of Mr. LENROOT. Before .. the Senator from Mississippi does the great masses of the American people, may sit over in their that, will he yield to me? · · otfices, and tlley will not be bothered by the investigation. The PRESIDEN'r pro tempore. Does the Senator from Mr. G-OODING. Mr. President-- Mississippi yield to the Senator from Wisconsin? The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Mis- Mr. HARRISON. I yield. sissippi yield to the Senator from Idaho 't Mr. LENROOT~ Will tl'le Senator from l\fississippi state Mr. HARRISON. Yes; I yield. why he says that the resolution of the Senator from Idaho Mr. BURSUl\I. Mr. President-- does not provide for the investfgation of those who are inter Mr. HARRISON. I will yield to both Senators. H.oweve-r.- I ested in manufactures and Industries who are affected by the fir t yielded. to the Senator from Idaho. passage of the bill, but only provides for an investigation of' Mr. GOODING. The Senator from Mississippi spolre so bea~ those who a:re affected by the d~eat of the bill? tifully of the high position taken by the ~nator from Nebraska Mr. HARRISON. The Senator. from Wisconsin will under [Mr. I!IToncooK] in reference to wood pulp in refraining from stand th.at paragraph 4 of· the resolution applies to illemb-ers· voting on the proposition to place a duty on that ar+·r1e that 1 of the Senate ; that it does" not apply to any special interest was wondering if he knew that the Senator from Neb1·aska used of the country, such as the mining interest or the manufactur his great influence upon the floor fo:r free pulp when the sched ing interest or- the wool. interest or to Frank A. Munsey, who is ule was under eonsideration. I will read this for the Senator's in the newspaper business. The· Senator's resolution merely inform a tion-- ' proposes to investigate the newspaper interest, Frank A. Mr. HARRISON. No; I do not want it read in my time. The Munsey particularly, who, it says, will benefit by the defeat Senator hag; mad·e his statement. I thought he desired to ask of the_ tariff bill ; but the resolution says nothing about these me ai question. great manufact:urei·s whose lobbyistSI have swarmed a-round the Mr. GOODING. :r shall be very glad to read it to show that Capitol to such an extent that a Senator could not get in or the Senator from Nebraska said that wood pulp should be on out of his office. the free· list. Mr. LENROOT. Is- the Senator from Mississippi in favor Mr. HARRISON. But the Senator from N~braska on yester of an investigation by· the Senate in ordet"' to ascertain what day refused to vote upon the proposition ; and in it, that will be done-will appoint at least two Senators summon witnesses and examine them under oath, including Mr. Frank A. from this side of the aisle on the committee. If that shall be Munsey and officials and attoDneys for or representatives of the ~neral done, the dome of this Capitol is not secure. Real Estate & Trust Co., or any other company or companies which may have been organized to operate other foreign mills, mines, and The distinguished Senator from Wisconsin. [Mr. LENROOT] factories en,.""3.ged in competition with American producers and workers yesterday performed a curious stunt. I recall that for almost and which will benefit financially by the defeat of tari1f legislation_ by three months under the assauits from this side of the aisle and this Cong11ess. under the eloquent pleas of Members over here to him per The Senator from Idaho wants- to investigate witnesses sonally to get into this scrap over the tariff J:)ill he even got whose interests will be affected beneficially by the defeat of cotton and closed up his ears, so that he could not hear the the pending bill; in other word·s, he does not want to investi appeals ; his voice- was as silent as the tomb ; but when the gate those> whose interests will be promoted by the passage of American people became aroused under the splendid fight made the bill. So throughout are these little discrepaneies that were by the Senator from North Carolina [Mr. Su.n.rnNs] and others mere oversights on the part of the Senator from Idaho. on thi~ side who took care of the different schedules the Sena Mr. BURSUM. Mr. President-- tor from Wisconsin almost overnight woke up, turned a somer Mr. HARRISON. When the motion is made for the considera sault, and began to :fight certain paragraphs of the bill-- tion of this resolution by the Senate, amendments will be • Mr. LENROOT. Mr. President, will the Senator yiefd? offered to cure those defects, so that not only those who are Mr. HARRISON. Not only that but the S'enator was so in interested in wool and sheep may be investigated but thuse terested in holding tlie phalanx over there that I remember who are interested in chemicals and sugar and mines and also several times- when we were trying to expose the iniquities of manufacturers will be investigated, and those who will benefit the paragraphs the Senator would ask, " Well, why do you not by the passage of the bill carrying inc1·eased rates, the same permit us to vote on this bill? " I remember on one occasion fie as those who will be benefited by the defeat of the bill. Now told us how many hours and how many days it would take- to I yield to my distinguished and pleasant friend from New pass the bill at the rate at which we were then going, and I Mexico. think he said the bill would hardly be passed until doomsday Mr. BURSUM. I simply desire to say, :for the enlighten at the rate at which· we were then traveling. I have the many ment of the Senator from Mississippi, that if those who are· to1 statements of the Senator here in the RECORD before me. I do be benefited by the passage of the pending tariff MU are to be not want to trespass at too 'great length on the patienee of Sen investigated it· will be necessary to investigate the whole' 1 ators or the time af tfie Senate, but if' my asserti<>ns are- contra- 10944 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. AUGUST 4, dieted I shall read from the Senator's remarks. Yet, despite cross-purposes; and so the Senator from Wisconsin on yester that position of the Senator, when this side yesterday submitted a day was playing one end, the Senator from Indiana the other, request for unanimous consent, which was agreeable to every but unfortunately the Senator from Indiana let the cat out o:t other Senator, I dare say, in this body, to vote upon the pending the bag. bill not later than the 17th of the present month, the Senator Ah, the Senator from Wisconsin was wise. He was doing objected to it. I do not want to keep the Senator standing and that which we feared might be done. We have believed, some I will yield to him presently ; I will tell him when I want to of us, that you did not want- the bill to pass; that you would yield, so that if the Senator will bide his time in patience he come to your senses after a while and recognize that the Ameri will have an opportunity later on-- can people would condemn you in the election if you did. Mr. LENROOT. Very well. , The Senator from Wisconsin realizes it, and the Senator Mr. HARRISON. So yesterday when the Senator made that from Idaho [l\1r. BoRAH] realizes it, and for that reason they objection, and the Senator from Indiana [Mt'. WATSON] made are trying to save the Republican Party from itself. Yes, they certain utterances which were significant to me, there was borne know, and I hope the Senator will tell me when he follows me out what some of us charged two months ago, that the majority that he knows, because he has said it in his speeches, that if party had no idea of enacting this bill into a law before the this bill passes in its present form the Republican Party will Novemb~r election. go the way that it has always gone following the passage of its The Senator from North Dakota [Mr. McCuMBER], whose iniquitous tariff measures-to defeat. So the Senator from political existence is soon to pass into history, does not ca.re Wisconsin and the Senator from Idaho [l\fr. BoRAH] are work now, and he is sincerely interested in the passage of the bill ; ing in behalf of the Republican Party when they seek to pro he wants to go down into history-God knows why-as the co long this discussion, to withhold from the statute books the author of a tariff bill, although I would rather have my name enactment of this bill, so that the American people can not get attached to an indictment in the criminal courts of the Dis such a good whack at them in November. The Senator from trict of Columbia than to have the proud honor which ap Indiana [Mr. WATSON] understands it, and he comes to the parently the Senator from North Dakota desires. So the Sena Senator's rescue, and he says, "Why, the Senate Committee on tor from North Dakota evidently is ready for us to pass the Finance are working every morning and every night. We can bill ; but that astute and shrewd manipulator-and I do not say not be up here and down there at the same time, and we are that offensively, for, God bless him, I like him-the Senator bringing in amendments up to the last moment." from Indiana [l\fr. WATSON] knows what he is about. The only I am through, Mr. President. In a moment I shall ask trouble yesterday was that he showed his hand a little b·t too unanimous consent for the immediate consideration of the reso much. Ordinarily he does not make such tracks as be walks lution reported by the Senator from New York. Before mak along, and yet-- ing that motion, I yield for interruptions. I promised to yield Mr. BURSUl\1. Mr. President-- to some of these distinguished Senators. Mr. HARRISON. I will not yield just yet, but I will be Mr. GOODING. Mr. President, at this point in the Senator's very glad to yield when I finish; I do not want the Senator remarks I want to call his attention to the words of the Sena from New Mexico to spoil the little figure of speech which I tor from Nebraska [Mr. IIITcHcocK] upo~ the floor when the was about to utter or to interrupt the statement of facts. wood-pulp schedule was under consideration. Mr. BURSUM. I merely desired to ask the Senator a Mr. HARRISON. I prefer that the Senator put that in in question. _ · his own time. I will yield for any question. Mr. HARRISON. I do not yield at this time to my friend I now ask unanimous consent for the immediate considera from New Mexico, although he is the most pleasant gentleman tion of the resolution reported by the Senator from New York in the world. [Mr. CALDER]. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Missis The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection? sippi declines to yield. Mr. LODGE. I think the resolution ought to go over under Mr. . H4'\.RRISON. I do not yield yet; I will reach wool the rule. presently, and then I will yield to the Senator. Mr. HARRISON. Then there is objection? Mr. President, the Senator from Indiana, I say, made tracks The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Objection is made. yesterday a little plainer than ordinarily. He said yesterday Mr. HARRISON. I move that the Senate proceed to the con that there would be committee amendments offered up to the sideration of the resolution. last minute on August 11, when, under the proposed unanimous l\Ir. LODGE. That is out of order, of course. consent agreement, no further committee amendments could be The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair is of the opinion offered; that the committee were meeting every morning. I that the motion is not in order. will read just what he said: Mr. CALDER. Mr. President, just a word. Let me say to my friend from Arkansas- This resolution was introduced yesterday by the Senator Says the Senator from Indiana- from Idaho [l\fr. GooDING]. Then, on motion of the Senator from Mississippi [Mr. HARrusoN], it was referred to the Com that t he committee meets every morning at 9.30 to keep ahead of the Senate's work and take up the schedule which we are to consider next. mittee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the That is to say, we come down to snndries and take up sund1·ies, and Senate; and a further motion was made by the Senator from the committee itself doubtless will propose a number of amendments Mississippi, and agreed to, directing the committee to report the to that schedule. resolution forthwith. That is an admission upon the part of one of the ·distin The committee, during my chairmanship of it, has followed gui bed leaders of the other side, one of the smartest and ablest the practice, believing that that was the rule under which we members of the Finance Committee, that the provisions cover were operating, that it was our business to report resolutions ing sundries are all wrong or many of them are wrong, because of this character without change, either for them or against he says, " doubtless the committee will be meeting right up to them. After deliberation the majority members of the com the last minute and changes and modifications and alterations mittee determined, because of the way in which the resolution will be made in it." He goes further and says : was drawn and the fact that it referred to an individual not a It is utterly impossible for us to be up here and down there at the member of this body, to report the resolution as we did. That same time. is the reason for our action. We have not believed that we had Why have they not acted like the Finance Committees of the any right to alter or amend a resolution of this kind. Senate throughout the history of this Government? Heretofore Mr. HARRISON. Mr. President, may I ask the Senator a when they finished framing tariff bills they brought them here question? and made them their handiwork. Goodness knows in this in The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from New stance the Finance Committee were a long time in framing the York yield to the Senator from Mississippi? bill, for it took them 12 months or more, and yet they are not• Mr. CALDER. I have concluded my statement. satisfied with it. By the utterances of the Senator from Indiana Mr.· HARRISON. I desire to ask a question of the Senator. and the action of the Finance Committee they admit their in The Senator would be willing, then, to vote down this report, competency to write a tariff bill, and they are forced to resort would he not, so that we can amend the resolution in such re to bringing in changes up to the last minute. spects as may be thought desirable and pass it? There are no two men on the other side of the Chamber more Mr. CALDER. If a vote is taken, I shall vote against the closely allied and who understand each other better than the consideration of the resolution. Senator from W isconsin [l\lr. LENROOT] and the Senator from Mr. LENROOT. Mr. President, the Senator from Mississippi Indiana [Mr. WATSON]. They walk arm in arm; they think [Mr. H.ABRISON] anp I have been very clo e and intimate friends alike on.many matters; they politically congpire together; they for a great many years. We are still, and shall continue to he; ofttimes try, and too frequently succeed, in "putting over" but I want to say in defense of the Senator from Mississippi their political schemes together. They never are found at that his many inaccuracies of statement are excusable from tbe 1922. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-..SENATE. fact that his eloquent voice is in demand all over this country; We very shortly will have up the question of free hides, and I wherever there is a Democratic political convention of any wonder if the other side of the. aisle will take the position which kind, the Senator from Mississippi is appealed to. There is a the Senator from 1\fississippi insists ought to be taken by this demand for him upon the Chautauqua platform; and the Sen side of the aisle? I wonder if every Senator on the other side ator from .i\Iississippi must be excused in his inaccuracies from of the aisle who is interested in cattle will refrain from voting the fact that he has been ab ent from the Senate for so great a upon the question of free hides? When the ti.me comes for a portion of the time during which this bill has been under dis vote on that item I do not believe we will hear my genial cussion. friend from Mississippi condemning his Democratic colleagues I want to say, however, that dming the early consideration of for voting upon the question of free hides, although some of this bill, until the Senator from l\Iississippi absented himself them may be interested in cattle. for so long a period of time, 99 per cent of the discussion of this Then there will be the question of tobacco. Will the Senator bill on the other side of the Chamber was piffiing discussion, as eloquently condemn any Democratic Senator who may be in without any endeavor upon the other side of the aisle to discuss terested in tobacco who votes upon that question? rates in this bill that were of importance to the people of the Upon this question of a Senator voting upon a matter in country. which he has a personal interest, it so happens that I am free Sena.tors on the other side of the aisle occupied hour after to vote upon any question, because I have no financial in hour, and sometimes days, with the discussion of amendments terest, so far as I know, in any schedule or any item in this in the chemical schedule relating to articles the names of bill. But it seems to me that the line of demarcation is very which they could not pronounce, and the importance of which clearly drawn as to where the duty of a Senator lies in voting to the country amounted to practically nothing. The Senator upon a matter in which he has a personal interest. In regard from l\fis issippi may not have been here, so he may be excused to the question of free pulp, I think it eminently proper that for not knowing that fact; and S

Mr. LENROOT. When he is willing to do that, he indorses The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, the pro everytbing in the resolution, and let us see what he is willing posed unan;mous-consent agreement will be printed and lie to vote for, then, and how it squares with the professions upon the table. which the Senator from Mississippi has been•making. He says Mr. STANLEY obtained the floor. he is willing to vote for this declaration, that " the importing Mr. SIMMONS. Mr. President-- . department stores have financed a campaign of defamation The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Ken against tbe pending tariff bill." That is what the Senator from tucky yield to the Senator from North Carolina? Mississippi says he is willing to vote as true; that the depart Mr. STANLEY. I yield. ment stores bave financed a campaign of misrepresentation Mr. SU.fMONS. I was not in the Chamber when the Sen against the pending tariff bill. ator from Wisconsin presented the unanimous-consent proposal. The Senator from Mississippi can crawl out of that hole as I do not understand that he desires immediate action on it. best he can, but be can not in a thousand years, if he should Mr. LENROOT. No; I asked that it be printed and l "e on live that long, square that declarntion with the other assertions the table. he has made upon this floor. · 1\:Ir. SIMMONS. I desire to say that I shall be very glad, The Senator from Mississippi says that the fourth paragraph together with my associates on tbis side of the Chamber, to is not sufficiently strong, because it does not call for an investi give consideratiqn to tbe proposition presented by tbe Senator, gation of every factory, of every industry, in the United States and some time during the day I hope to be able to answer, if which would be benefited by the passage of the bill or injured we do not agree to his propos ~ tion, by tbe presentation of a or benefited by its defeat. Does the Senator tbink that anyone counterproposition. will take him seriously, that he would have the Senate enter Mr. STANLEY. Mr. President, I have been somewhat sur upon an investigation of every manufacturing industry in tbe prised at the nature of the reply to the Senator from Mississippi United States, of tbe cotton industry, of every other industry [l\fr. HARRISON]. The charge that he has been absent from the in the United States, a committee of five Senators to ascertain Chamber or was an absentee from the Chamber is, in the face how those industries, separately and . in the aggregate, are of the record, in :tnY humble opinion, unwarranted, if not going to be affected by the passage of a tariff bill? gratuitous. The yeas and nays of this bouy, the CONGRESSIONAL I wonder if the Senator from Mississippi wants this investi RECORD, and the knowledge of Members of the body, all bear gation made and concluded before we vote upon the tariff bill? evidence to the fact tbat few men have b:ven the same per If he does, how does t at square witb his position in criticizing sonal attention to public affairs or have participated more me for preventing a vote on the final passage on August 19? actively or more effectively in the deliberations of this body The Senator knows that tbe investigation which he proposes than the accomplished and diligent Senator from :Mississippi. for polit ~ cal purposes could not be completed by the Senate It is true that at times his talents have been demanded by in ide of two years, and would cost millions of dollars. Oh, the national committee. He has served his party, both in the Senator from Mississ!ppi is not entirely sincere. I do not and outside of the Chamber, with signal ability. wish to reflect upon him in making that statement; I mean Mr. President, it is art odd sort of a claim that one must that he is thinking of politics when he makes that statement. believe everything, all tbe whereases and every other loose He is not thinking of leg.slation, he is not thinking of his posi statement contained . in a resolution of inquiry, before he can tion as a Sena.tor of tbe United States; he is thinking of him vote to report it favorably. If all tbe surplusage and irrele self only as a Democratic politician-and he is one of the best vant matters contained in such a resolution of inquiry are to they have in their party. be taken as absolutely true, there would be no necessity for I am not go ng ' to discuss this matter further, but while I the inquiry. What is the use of having an inquiry to investi am on my feet I am going to propose a unanimous-consent gate into the truth of certain statements if the statements are agreement-and I want to say, in that connection, that we will to be taken in advance as true? The votes of the Senate, not te t the sincerity of the other side of the aisle-as to whether the investigation of the committee, would establish "the truth they are willing to agree to a limitation of debate which will or falsity of the assertions. The Senate does not propose, by permit of some discussion of every amendment. reporting the resolution, to say whether or not the various and Mr. HARRISON. May I suggest to the Senator that he wait sui).dry statements of the Senator from Idaho [Mr. GoooING] until the Senator from North Carolina may be notified? are true. It votes to give the Senator from Idaho and others a l\lr. LENROOT. I am not going to ask for immediate action chance to establish tbe truth or falsity of those statements. upon it. We will test the sincerity of tbe otber side as to That is all tbere is in tbe resolution of inquiry. whether tbey are willing to vote for a lim;tation of debate Mr. President, nothing has occurred in the last few months, no which wiJI permit of some debate upon every question, or sign so propitious, as the very significant statement of the Senator whether they stand upon tbe proposition made by the Senator from Wisconsin [Mr. LENROOT]. It will be remembered that the from North Carolina, that he now wants the most important junior Senator from Wisconsin but a few months ago stood here items in this bill to be voted upon without one sillgle word of and led the fight for cloture, stood here and led a;::i. unprece debate. dented fight to gag and tie the Senate of the United States in I send to the desk, and ask unanimous consent to have read, the discussion of tbe schedules of this very bill, voted to make tbis proposed agreement, and I will ask then that it tempora us take that nauseous dose like a sugar-coated pill, voted to rily lie upon tbe table. deny tbe Senators the right to discuss the amendment. At The PRESIDING OFFICER (l\fr. SPENCER in the chair). that time the Senator believed that the bill would be stomached If tbere is no objection, tbe Secretary will read the proposed agreement. · by the American people. At tbat time he did not dream that the integrity and the intelligence of an outraged Republic The reading clerk read as follows : would anathematize the bill, that the great organs of known PROPOSED UNANIMOUS-CONSENT AGREEMENT. Republican leaning and which had been a tower of strength in It is agreed by unanimous consent that whenever the bill H. R. the party for 20 years would join witb tbe Democratic press 7456 "An act to provide revenue, to regulate commerce with foreign of tbe country in a practically unanimous denunciation of its countries, to encourage the industries of the United States," is before the Senate until the final vote is reached, debate shall be confined to abominations and of its indefensible rates. the bill before the Senate, and no other business or irrelevant ques Now the same Senator, who but a few months ago proposed to tion or motion shall be entertained by the Chair unless, after a state shut off debate, makes the startling statement that if the bill ment or the question, the unanimous consent of the Senate is given therefor. , should now be passed under a unanimous-consent agreement, T ha t from and after the hour of 11 o'clock a. m. of the calendar which would have the effect of the very cloture he sought day of Friday, August 11, 1922, no Senator shall speak in the aggre preventing debate or the improvement of the bill-that if gate more than one hour upon the bill and any amendment or amend ments offered thereto and motion or motions that may be made re what is left of it should pass unchanged, it would damn the specting the same. Republican Party. If what is left of the bill untouched is so That the Senate shall immediately procef'

the southern Senators and the Democratic Senators stand when l\fr. GOODING. My thought or my hope, at least, in sub we propose to vote for a duty on tobacco? " mitting the resolution is to learn whether I can remain in the l\Iy State produces more tobacco than the same area any United States Senate from the State of Idaho without the vio where, so far as I know, on the habitable globe. At one time, lation of my oath of office and without violation of my own and until very recently, we produced one-third of all the tobacco conscience. Has the Senator from Kentucky concluded? by weight produced in the United States. I will say to the Sen Mr. STANLEY. I yield for a question. ator that he may introduce an amendment to put tobacco on the Mr. GOODING. I thought the Senator had concluded. I free list-with the exception of a few high-priced tobaccos that beg pardon. are used for cigars and the like and which are not produced in Mr. STANLEY. No; I am just getting a good start. my State and which ought to bear a duty because they are The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Kentucky luxmies-and I will vote for it. There is not a Senator from has the floor. Virginia or South Carolina or North Carolina or Tennessee or Mr. GOODING. I will listen to the Senator with much . Kentucky who knows enough to tell a tobacco plant from a head interest. of cabbage that cares a bawbee about a duty on tobacco. A duty Mr. STANLEY. I thank the Senator. Mr. President, I can of $1,000 an ounce on all the tobacco raised in Kentucky, Ten say for the Senator from Idaho that he is the best Republ!can nessee, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina would not on the face of the earth. He runs truer to form, truer to all the benefit the tobacco growers one one-thousandth of a red cent. •evil traditions of his party, than any known exemplar of that It might all be put on the free list and it would not reduce the organization now alive. • price of those tobaccos by the price of a red herring. l\Ir. GOODING. Mr. President-- Mr. President, I had hoped that the resolution introduced Mr. STANLEY. I am as proud of my poverty as the Senator by the Senator from Idaho [Mr. GOODING] would be reported is of his wool. and acted upon notwithstanding its absurdity. It is true that Mr. GOODING. l\Ir. President, will the Senator from Ken the re8olutbn provides for a most rigorous investigation of tucky let me correct him? I did not cast any reflections on every concern, of every Senator, of every newspaper, of every the Senator from Kentucky. · broker, of every merchant, who has a direct or a special in Mr. STANLEY. I will not yield for corrections. When I terest in the reduction of rates or in ·lifting any character of am through the Senator may make corrections. I yield now ban or embargo from the commerce of the United States. only for questions. Now, l\Ir. President, the junior Senator from Idaho is a man Mr. GOODING. I did not make any reflections on the of ability. He is a thoughtful and serious man. Like all of Senator because he was without money. that illustriou race, the Englishmen, he is not inclined either The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Ken to tell or see or hear a joke. He is nothing if not serious. He tucky yield to the Senator from ldaho'l is not inclined to frivolities or to satire. When he proposes l\fr. STANLEY. I will yield for questions, but for correc to spend the thousands and tens of thousands of dollars which tions it would be almost too long a job. The RECORD shows the Senator from Wisconsin says must be spent to probe into what the Senator from Idaho said. Underlying it all was that these iniquities and find out whether or not Frank A. Munsey fine scorn of the man who speaks of property rights here but has a material interest in opening the ports of the United who has no property. ';rhat has been reflected by any States to the importations of manufactures abroad in which he number of Senators upon the other side of the Chamber. The was interested-when he proposes to spend the money of the Senator from Idaho is not personally to be blamed for that; United States to find out how much the debit and credit sides that is not his personal opin:on; he acquired that sent'ment of the great ledgers of the department stores would show of in the atmosphere he breathes over there on the other side direct benefit from the opportunity to buy abroad as cheaply as of the Chamber. That is a Federalistic tradition, as dear to they bought at home, he admits or charges that to use the tax the heart of Republicanism as is plunder under a tar.ff. The ing power of this country, to use the strong arm of the law, great father of Republican:sm was Alexander Hamilton; the to use the collection of revenues, for the purpose of benefiting greatest Republican organization on this continent bears bis a special interest, instead of collecting revenue for the discharge name. There is nothing in common to-day between the hu of public duties and the conduct of the Government economi man ·ty and the democracy and the love of personal liberty and cally administered, is a serious offense. the idealizing of mere man that characterized and glorified And yet by some strange oversight, with tbe exception of the the life and thought of Abraham Lincoln and the present-day woolgrowers, there is not a hole in that resolut;on big enough Hamiltonian organization of the Republican Party. You have to bide a gnat. There is not a sentence, not a word providing abandoned Lincoln. Down with Lineoln and up w'th Hamil for a like inve ·tiga.tion of the enormous concerns whose profits ton! Down with moneyless men and up with the gray wolves will be multiplied a hundredfold by a tariff and by an embargo. of the Senate. If it is a crime to enrich Frank A. Munsey by lowering the · Hamilton argued and Hamilton fought all his life, until he tariff, it is a crime to enrich some Munsey by raising the tariff. fell before the revolver of Burr at Weehawken, for a prope'.'ty If it is an offense for a newspaper. because it bas a direct qualification. Under him the Senate was to sit in secret ses interest in the pr·ce of newsprint paper, to advocate the placing sion; no man was to occupy a place here and no man was to of that commodity upon the free list, what will we say of the vote for a Senator who did not have $1,000 in fee simple in real offense of a Senator who advocates a duty, not as a publisher, estate or its equivalent ; and to-day his dutiful followers would not as a citizen, but by the exercise of his high prerogative as impose a like qualification if they dared. a Senator in the United States of America? Mr. President, there is a close psyehological relation between Ah, I do not mean to int:mate that the Senator from Idaho that mental attitude and the protective tariff. Senators speak or any other Senator on the floor of this body has a direct and here of men vot:ng in their own interests as if it were a light pecuniary interest in the price of wool; that he is either a vast matter. It has been argued on the floor of the Senate that, owner of sheep and expects to profit thereby or that be has while a judge, as the Senator from Arkansas [Mr. CARAWAY] been a purchaser or broker in that commodity whose value is has well said, is disqualified by a material interest or a direct affected by these schedules; but it is a shame, it is a scandal; interest, and while a juror is disqualifieu by a material in it is a piece of indefensible and purblind political cowardice, terest or a direct interest, a Senator is under no such dis when the charge is made from one end of this country to the qualification in acting upon matters that materially affect .his other that Senators are investors, that Senators are speculators, purse, that the material interests of a leg:slative body can not that Senators are personally profiting by the schedules they possibly affect legislation. Why, Mr. Presiuent. the material manipulate, to place some Maxim silencer upon that charge and interests of judges have here and there perverted justice; the snuff it out and to sneer at the press which has discharged a material interests and the special interests of jurors have here great and wholesome public duty. and there secured a conviction of the innocent or an acquittal Senators can not in this matter muzzle or censor the press; of the guilty ; but the history of oppression, the history of they can not stop it with a solemn sneer; they can not turn greed, the history of the most polluted despotisms that the their hardened faces from the wrath, not of the press but of world ever saw reek with the same old story of legislat ve public sentiment that finds voice in that press, without find bodies enacting laws in the interest of a particular and privi in~ a da:v of judgment on the Ides of November. Already leged class. of which they were a part. every living human soul upon whom responsibility may be More than 2,000 years ago Tiberius Gracchus raised his voice placed for this iniquitous thing has the seal of death upon against a landed aristocracy, against special privileges to men his face or lies stark upon the fie d of political conflict. No holding vast estates-and the great majority of them, by the man can proclaim his authorship of it or his approval of it in way, were woolgrowers-and they tore up the benches in the its entirety and not be pillorfod by an intelligent and outraged forum, they beat him to death, they mangled his body, they press now and b!' an intelligent and outraged public in the near burned it, and hurled his ashes to the · winds, and from the futur~ ashes of the Gracchi sprang Marius and Sulla. (10948 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD---SEN ATE. AUGUST 4,

Mr. President, there was a tirrie in France, as in the Roman Mr. STANLEY. l\fr. President, I have heard that argu Empfre, when one justice was meted out to the. man without ment so often that I can repeat it backwards. We have money and another justice was meted out to the man with had protection; we have had a.prosperous country; there wealth. For a thousand years men were forced to come before fore the prosperity of the country is due to protection. We a court, and the first question asked was, "Are you one of the .have had protection; we have had a great number of twins wealthy or one of the poor?" lf he was a man of property, born during that time; therefore the prosperity of the country he could not be put to the torture; he could not be crucified; is due .to the twins. the lash could not be laid upon his proud body; but if he were Why, Mr. President, that argument ha been made in favor a moneyless man, if he were one of the poor, they could break of every political heresy and every religious heresy that ever his bones and stretch his tendons, and crucify his quivering cursed mankind. For a thousand years, becau e Christianity body beca:use he was a " free-trade hobo," because he was a had increased, because every day there were more converts to moneyless man. religion, because vast domains of barbarians had been brought l\lr. President, for 500 years in France a poor man could not to the cross, and vast regions once peopled only by the avage own a pigeon; he had to wear a certain dress; be could not and tainted by the smoke of human sacrifice were now filled hunt in the woods or fields; meat was practically denied him, with populous communities, and church spires were everywhere, and yet he bore the entire burden of the expenses of the State. they said that civilization demanded union of church and state; Three-fourths of the property of int·anee under the Bourbons and when men arose to denounce it, they said : " Will you deny was in the hands of a king and a nobility; one-fourth was that France and England and Italy have emerged from the owned by the remainder of the people, and they bore all the poverty and the destitution of the Dark Ages until to-day they taxes, in humiliation, in ignorance, in destitution, until at last are the beacon lights of the prosperity of the world? They ad the mob took fire and the tattered flag became a banner ; in fury vanced as they did advance under a union of church and state." they rose and destroyed their oppressors in blood and horror. But they forgot that the union of church and state had made It was because the Chamber of Deputies were landed aristocrats of sweet religion a rhapsody of words. They forgot that the and there '\vas no place until they beard the thunders of Mira union of church and state had changed temples of holiness into beau for a moneyless man in the French Parliament. chambers of horro1;. They forgot that the union of church and Mr. BURSUM. Mr. President, does the Senator imply that state had put a ban upon-human intelligence. They forgot that we ought to have a revolution in this country and divide up the the thumbscrew and the rack and the auto-de-fe were resorted property between all of the people of the country-take away to by Protestant and Catholic alike when a king was the head from those who may have too much that which they have and of a chw·ch. divide it up? Is that the attitude of the Senator? l\Ir. President, that argument has been advanced in favor of Mr. STA..."N"LEY. Is the Senator through? other things. The Senator forgets that the greatest progress Mr. BURSUM. Yes. this country ever knew was in the 20 years just preceding Mr. STANLEY. l\fr_ President, I am as much of an indi the Civil War, when there was no iniquitous protective taiiff, vidualist as the Senator from New Mexico is a Federalist. I when duties were reduced to a minimum. The Senator forgets believe that the right of personal liberty and the right to per that under Jefferson and Jackson and Madison and Monroe, sonal property never came from any government on earth; that for 50 years and over, between the inauguration of Thomas they are the inestimable blessings of God. I believe, with old Jefferson and the inauguration of Abraham Lincoln, the Demo Thomas Jefferson, that all men are created equal and have an cratic Party never lost but .three elections, and lost no two in equal right to life, liberty, and happiness, and that they are en succession. He forgets the progress that the country made dowed by their Creator with these rights. I believe with him then by leaps and bounds. Yes; this country has advanced that this is self-evident. I believe that every man in the world advanced notwithstanding a protective ta1iff. In the language is entitled to be the master of his own borne, to have all the of another, it has been the march of a giant, but a giant property he can acquire honestly, and I believe that the rate of manacled. It has been the flight of an eagle, but an eagle taxation should be in proportion to his ability to pay. I would weighted and trammeled. I would break the shackles from the be the last man on earth to give one jot or tittle to those who puissant limbs of American industry; I would take the tram would turn over to the Federal Government the right to invade mels from the eyes of the American eagle, and allow her to a home by sea1·ch and seizure, the right to lay your hands upon renew again her eternal sight in the effulgence of the noon my person, my papers, my property, my house, without due day sun. Give me an America with its intelligence, with its warrant of law. I believe that it is no part of this Government's industries, with its resources, and an intelligent Democratic business to regulaM how I make money if I make it honestly, administration like that of Woodrow Wilson, and America will to regulate my diet, to regulate my food, or to interfere with dominate and direct the destinies of a distracted world. my right to a free market. l\Ir. BUBSUM. Mr. President, I will say to the Senator Your protective idea that every business is entitled to be from Kentucky that there were 7,000,000 majority in this coun coddled and milk-fed by the G-Overnment, to come like a try in 1.D20 who disagreed with the views of the Senator from beggar whenever it thinks it is a loser in a game it can Kentucky. not play, for every improvident business, whether it be farm Mr. ST.A1\1LEY. Yes; that is true. Christ was crucified, and ing or manufacturing or what not, to come here with a sick the majority was all against Him. Oh, that is the beauty of mouth and a crippled leg and to say, "I want the privilege the Democratic Party! You could no more stand a defeat like of plundering some prosperous business in order to insure me that than a tallow dog could penetrate the labyrinth of hell. the cost of production and a fixed income "-that is socialism. That would be the end of him. That is the nose of the camel. That ends at last in Lenin and Mr. BURSUM. I suggest that that is to be seen. The day Trotski, or it ends in a Bourbon despotism. The democracy has not yet arrived when the Republicans have failed to rally of Thomas Jefferson believes that it matters no more about after defeat. They have been defeated a great many times a man's wealth than the color of his eyes; he has the same through the demagogism and misrepresentation of the Demo rights whether he is a millionaire or whethe~ he is a pauper, crats, but they have always come back. and among those rights is his right to see that this Government '1fr. STANLEY. Yes; and we suffered accordingly; but I is economically administered, and that we are not hounded to do not believe that the Lord, in His mercy, is ever going to death by spies and informers, and that money taken by the inflict it on us again. Why, you talk about coming back. The process of taxation is not used surreptitiously to enrich you Republican Party is a mere babe compared with the Democratic or nnybody else. Party. We were alive, kicking, and dominant and ruled the Mr. BURS UM. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? country long·er before this country ever politically turned away Mr. STANLEY. Certainly. from the Lord and the Republican Party was born thn.n it has Mr. BURSUl\I. I suggest that the Senator from Kentucky been in existence since. Your party has been in existence only is entitled to bis views as to free trade; he is evidently a free about 60 years, and we have been here nearly a century and trader; but notwithstanding ·the so-called despicable policy of a half, and to-day, notwithstanding your extreme youth, you protection which this country has had a good part of the time show all the signs of infantile paralysis. during its existence for more than a hundred years, it has not l\1r. BURSUI\f. Mr. President, I suggest to the Senator from resulteu in the destruction of the country. It has not resulted Kentucky that the Democratic Party which the Senator men in depriving the citizens of their libel'ty. It bas not resulted tions and of which he feels so proud has long ago ceased to in lawlessness. It has not resulted in impovel'ishing the coun exist. It is no longer the party of Jefferson or the party of try. On the contrary, during all of these years under a system Jackson. We now have a new party still masquerading under of protection this country has been built up until it is the great.:. the name of the Democratic" Party, which is more of a social est country, the most powerful country, the most wealthy coun istic party than the Democratic1 Party of Jefferson or of try, the most idealistic Nation, on the face of the earth. Jackson. 1922. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 10949

1\fr. STANLEY. l\fr. President, if socialism is not evidenced startling to Senator GoonING, of Idaho, that he nearly resigned by the attitude of the Republican Party upon the tariff, what on the spot. is socialism? What is the state socialism of Germany to-day? Ordinarily, a public man would sh1ink from even appearing The socialist maintains that the Government should insure to 'act as a judge in his own cause. There are parliamentary the prosperity of great industrial concerns by operating them rules against doing so. There are, in some cases, statutes and owning them for the benefit of all the people. The Re forbidding it. Legal and judicial precedents are heavily op publican Party maintains that it is incumbent upon the Govern posed to it. Some of the Senators,·touched on the raw, resented ment to subsidize and fatten and regulate . markets for the the comparison between them and judges. Yet, as Daniel benefit of great organized enterprises, not for the benefit of all Webster when a Senator clearly pointed out, there is a sense the people but for the benefit of a few fat-frying beneficiaries. in which a Senator ought to think of himself as a judge. He is Why, protectionism is the first cousin of socialism. The only to think not merely of what is good for his constituents or his thing that is eternally abhorrent to it is individualism, democ section, but of what is good for the whole country. He must racy, and a tariff for revenue only. decide judicially between local claims and the interest of the l\ir. President, as indicative of the attitude of the press on entire people. This principle, if carried out, would be the death this important subject, I wish to have incorporated in the of most protective tariffs; and if it should be fatal to the RECORD, in the same type in which my remarks will be printed, present friendless and unloved bill, popular grief would be able a number of editorials commenting favorably upon the resolu to contain itself. tion of the Senator from Arkansas [l\ir. CARAWAY]. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so [From the B'altimore Sun of July 31, 1922.) ordered. "BAA, BAA, BLACK SHEEP, HAVE YOU ANY WOOL," AND WHOSE IS IT TO BET The matter referred to is as follows : The United States Senate became really interesting Saturday, [From the Washington Daily News.] and it became so because one of its Members introduced a reso SETTING AN EXAMPLE. lution implying that Senators might actually be influenced in Senators CAPPER, Kansas; HITCHCOCK, Nebraska; and GLASS, tariff or other legislation by their personal :financial interests. Virginia, have set an example which it would be well for the six Senator CABA.WAY'S proposal to probe the personal relation of wool Senators-WARREN and KENDRICK, Wyoming; BURSUM, senatorial votes to tariff schedules created an angry hubbub at New Mexico; STANFIELD, Oregon; GooDING, Idaho; and CAM once, and its prompt adoption was barred by the sympathetic ERON• .Arizona-to emulate when the individual amendments are objection of· Senator WADSWORTH, of New York. offered to the wool schedule. The Senate heretofore has never shown any reluctance to CAPPER, HITCHCOCK, and GLASS are all newspaper publishers, investigate anything that might come up. In fact, investiga and as such purchase the product of wood pulp. While they tion has been its long suit, and nothing has been so rare as a have no direct interest in paper manufacture, they feel their day in June or in any other month in which the Senate has not indirect interest is great enough to justify them to decline to had one or two committees at work trying to show up the vote on that schedule of the tariff. deviltry of somebody or something. These three Senators announced they will observe the rule in But when it comes to investigating Senators the gods on this Jefferson's Manual, which provides: legislative Mount Olympus become 'horror-stricken and indig "When the private interests of a Member are concerned in a nant. The suggestion that a Senator could commit any wrong bill or question, he is to withdraw, and where such an interest is almost blasphemous; the insinuation that a Senator could be has appeared his voice has been disallowed, even after division. influenced in his attitude toward the tariff or any other public In a case so contrary not only to the laws of decency but to the question by sordid considerations of gain is inexpressibly shock fundamental principles of the social compact which denies to ing and preposterous. When a man gets into the Senate be is any· man to be a judge in bis own cause, it is for the honor ot immediately purged of all human weaknesses, of all human the House that this rule of immemorial observance should be prejudices and influences. His mind at once assumes a judi strictly adhered to." cial impartiality beyond the reach of bot or cold waves of The fact that CAPPER is a Republican and a supporter of the human passion or human selfishness. Such a divinity doth bill and the other two are Democrats and opponents to it shows hedge a Senator around that it is profane to question him. that there is no politics in the move, but an intelligent respect That's the way, at least, that some of the Senators seem to for political ethics. regard themselves, if we take Saturday's debate on the Cara way resolution as a key to their self-appraisal. [From the Philadelphia Record,.] Unfortunately for this view of senatorial impeccability, there In view of the Caraway resolution for an investigation of have been quite a number of incidents in recent years which the wool Senators, Mr. GOODING, of Idaho, offers to resign. have shaken public faith in this theory. Most persons at ·an That would be an empty form; just a "gesture," as our French earlier period did believe that Senators were what it was said friends say. The opulent flockmasters would reelect him quick Caesar's wife should have been, and most of us would like to enough; it is quite worth while for them to keep him in the believe it now if we could prevail on ourselves to shut our eyes Senate. The wool duty is no worse than several other things to facts. We hate to recall the case of Senator Lorimer, of in the tariff. But the spectacle of all the Senators from ·the Illinois, who was finally expelled because of gross misconduct, very limited woolgrowing regions supporting unprecedentedly and we hate to remember how many of his colleagues defended high duties on wool can hardly fail to afford the people con him and tried to persuade the country that he had been guilty siderable education in the way tariff laws are made. There is of no serious offense. And it is painful to remember that most a Tariff Com.mission, created by the Republicans, but it was of 'those who are now so :vehemently protesting against the invited to mind its own business and keep its hands off the insult contained in the Caraway resolution were among those wool tariff ; the wool Senators would see to that. who voted to add NEWBERRY to the senatorial family. In the!?e circumstances it would seem that the opponents of the investigation do protest too much. Their assumption of [From the New York Times of July 31, 1922.] outraged virtue is not likely to produce a very strong impres JUDGES IN THEIR OWN CAUSE. sion upon the public. Indeed, quite the contrary impression The indignation stir;ed in the Senate by Senator CARAWAY'S will be produced if they continue to oppose the investigation resolution to inquire whether any Senators have a direct pe and put themselves in the position of appearing to want to hide cuniary interest in the tariff rates they are voting for is natural. the facts. $ome of those mentioned as being large sheep If there has been any impropriety, Senators have not been raisers, and therefore interested in a high tariff on wool, deny aware of it. Long years of tariff legislation have destroyed any that they own any sheep. Others admit it, but impudently ask • delicate sensitiveness on that subject. The protective system what has that got to do with it? Senator WARREN, of Wyoming, being frankly one of logrolling duties so as to put money in who during the debate on the Payne-Aldrich bill in 1909 was various favored pockets, why should a Senator hesitate simply referred to, says the New York Times correspondent, as "the because he finds some of it going into his own? That anybody greatest shepherd since Abraham," was especially wroth at should be squeamish about it came evidently as a great surprise CARAWAY'S presumptuous reflection upon the 100 per cent to the sheep-raising Senators. To them in their innocence it purity of high-tariff Senators and denounced it as "a damn fool seemed that the fact that they stood to gain by higher duties resolution." on wool simply showed that they were skilled experts in ad Very likely it will be made "a damn fool resolution" by any vising what the duties should be. If they were satisfied, from investigation the Senat~ may holc:l, if those interested in the the accounts of their own flocks, that 33 cents a pound would be Fordney-1\IcCumber bill can make it so. But no stalling, no profitable, the argument was strong that other growers would evasion, no :finespun arguments can break the force of Satur also make money. What could there be wrong about that? day's debate in the Senate. What was revealed on the part of The idea that some fastidious persons might blame him was so some uf the participants in that debate was the curious lack of 110950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. .AUGUST 4,

a sense of delicate honor, a strange failure to perceive the rela rather indecently conspicuou~ in behalf of Schedule K. A 60 tion between their official action and personal profit, which cents per pound duty is obviously high. Their activity has not ni\lety-nine ordinary men out a hundred would perceive at once. lessened public suspicion of the tariff bill. Protection will be Senator GOODING, of Idaho, in " denouncing" the Caraway reso in danger, as Senator WADS WORTH remarked the -other day, lution as "politics'' declared that if it could be shown that he when tl:ie public becomes convinced that a measure embodying had violated any law, "by the eternal gods." he would resign it represents successful grabbings. The members of the agri his seat. But no one supposes he has violated any written cultural bloc have strained the patience of the country, which statute by supporting an unprecedentedly high tariff on a com has 100 buyers of wool to each producer. Not because they are modity in the production of which he is engaged. The question corrupt but because they should show more sense the wool is whether he has violated a higher unwritten code of ethics Senators may be asked to take a seat further in the rear. , which would control men of sensitive feelings. That is the moral point involved. Ought senatorial sensibilities to be • [From the Fort Wayne, Ind., Gazette of August 1, 1922.] blunted and more callous than those of the man on the street? WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT IT? This is the situation presented: A high tariff bill is evolved Once in a while a dynamic thought is let loose in the Senate from somewhere which offers to woolgrowers the highest bonus Chamber. One was given wing the other day when the cour ever proposed. Certain Senators who are engaged in sheep ageous and honest CARAWAY, of Arkansas, took cognizance of raising are among the strongest supporters of that bonus. the everyday comment of the American press on the financial Senator SMOOT says that when Grover Cleveland was elected he benefits to fall to certain Senators personally interested in the (Senator SMOOT) sold all his sheep and has not owned a head woolen industry by the criminally high tariff proposed on since-which, by the way, is rather a tribute to old Grover woolens. as an admission that special interests could expect no :favors Be seemed to feel that the facts sb.ould be known. from him. Now, if the sheep Senators who voted for the Thus his resolution calling for an investigation of the rela present wool bonus had sold or offered to sell their flocks and tion of Senators to industdes being given astonishing tariff herds, they would have proved they were not voting for their rates that will greatly increase cost to the consumers and put own pocketbooks. But have they done so, or are they going to money in the private purse of Senators who are financially do so? And what do they stand to make out of this wool deal interested. . if it goes through? When he asked for immediate consideration for the resolu The question involved is not a question of Republicanism or tion it was refused-the son-in-law of John Hay objecting. of Democracy, of wealth or poverty. No Senator can be ex This worthy was quite sure that it is not permissible to per pected to divest himself of every business interest. But the mit the public to know such things. size of the interest and its direct connection with proposed The d€bate was interesting. legislation ai·e important factors in determining the proper Senator GooDING, who is charged as being one of the men course for a Representative or a Senator. The following rule to :financially profit by the increase in the price of woolens from Jefferson's Manual. quoted by Senator CARA.WAY, seems this winter, and who has devoted his statesmanship to this to furnish a guide for any man who wants one: one topic, was outi:.aged. He declared dramatically, "By the " When tbe private interests of a Member are concerned in a gods" that if he had "violated any law" he would resign. He bill or question, be is to withdmw, and where such an interest meant any statute. Sometimes there is a law of propriety has appeared his voice has been disallowed even after division. that ought to be, and is not, the law of the land. In a case so contrary not only to the laws of decency but to Senator WARREN,. dubbed by Dolliver " the greatest shepherd the fundamental principles of the social compact which denies since Abraham," said it was a "damn fool resolution." Any to any man to be a judge in his own cause, it is for the honor resolution that would prevent special interests, Senators or no of the House that this rule of immemorial observance should Senators, from "getting theirs" would be a "damn fool rsso be strictly adhered to." lution" to this incurabJe reactionary. Senator CARAWAY'S resolution declares that the charges made Senator Bunsu:M, of New Mexico, who will also gain finan are "hurtful to the honor of the Senate." The question to be cially, was sure the resolution is "ridiculous." determined is how much honor the Senate has left. It is interesting to note that the Senators who are person ally interested in the wool rate in the tariff have been in the [From the New York Tribune of July 31, 1922.] front rank of the :fighting on this one schedule-and in the rear STRAINING PATIENCJ!l. ranks on all else. In so far as the Caraway resolution implies that a Senator This is explained by Senator STANFIELD, of Oregon, who de may not participate in the making of a tariff if financially inter scribes himself in ·his autobiography -as "America's greatest e~ ted to any degree in any of its schedules, the resolution is, of producer of wool," on the ground that a personal interest in course, absurd~ the subject makes these men just the men to say what the Senators d& not exist in vacuums any more than other per American people shall pay for woolens. sons. They arP human being.R. Uke the rest of us, and as such Senator CARAWAY put the other side forcibly enough in the are touched in their several businesses by fiscal legislation of following: univer al effect. Farmers are not expected to be inactively "If I believed tha.t the laws were bought and sold, I would neutral when measures of consequence to their class are under owe no allegiance to that kind of law or the kind of govern· consideration, nor may supineness be demanded of manufac ment in which that thing could happen. It would become the turers or wageworkers or other elements of the population. duty of every self-respecting citizen to rise up, not only in pro The rule that a man may not be a judge or determiner when test, but if necessary in rebellion, against a government where his own interests are at stake is to be applied with common the laws were bought and sold. sense and not pressed to an illogical extreme. Impropriety en " This is a charge made by reputable Republican papers; it ters only when the interest is special, dil·ect:, and so preponder has been reiterated here on the floor of the Senate; it was ating as to cloud perception of a.nd regard for the general wel charged yesterday afternoon by a Member on your side, whose fai·e. _ The issne sensationally thrust on the Senate thus boils honor and whose acute sense of honor nobody questions, that down to the practical question whether the so-called " wool " it was an outrage. Senators are honestly pursuing what they deem a public end "lg it wise to let the impression go abroad that legislation or are controlled by thoughts of personal profit. The matter is being framed by selfish interests, by men directly profiting is not whether they own sheep, but bow many; .not whether by ·the legislation?" they are woolmen, but whether they are wool kings. The Senate will not permit that investigation. As to this the information as far as it goes is gravely dis Why? turbing. In the Congressional Directory Senator STANFIELD, of The Senate is not impressed-but what about the people who Oregon, describes himself as "America's largest producer of pay the piper? wool and mutton." Senator Goonrna, of Idaho, the leader of Once upon a time one Henry Lippitt became the master the so-called agricultural bloc, says that the raising of sheep lobbyist of the cotton industry. That was his principal work has been his life work__..:.aclmowledges that his flocks cover for years. He did his work well. Later he became a Member many hills. Senator Bunsm.r, of New Mexico, is also a shep of the Senate-and as a Senator he remained as he had been. herd, but the extent of his fold he does not state. Senator a lobbybit-active on cotton. SMOOT, who probably has had more to do with writing the wool These are matters that may amuse Senators, but how do you schedule than any other man, is no longer an owner, although feel about it? formerly he was one. ·would you want a judge financially interested in the result The conclusion that the average person, dismissing thought of a suit to sit on a case in which your interests were on the of the extreme virtue that Senator CARAw AY emphasizes for other side? We believe that a judge thus sitting would be obvious political ends, is that the wool Senators have been open to impeachment. He would feel disgraced. 1922. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 10951

What is the moral di:ff.erence between a judge financially patriotically trying to do their bit to cover the backs of tlleir interested in a case sitting as judge, and a Senator financially fello~ citizens with fleeces from home-bred sheep. interested in tbe making of a tariff rate Toting on the making It is small wonder that Senator WARREN, who was called by of the tariff? the late Senator Dolliver "the greatest shepherd since Abra Perhap there is a difference that escapes us-and -we put ham," should have been driven to strong language, or that Sen it up to you. What do you think about it? ator STANFIELD, of Oregon, described in the Congressional Direc We submit that if there is no hard and fast law prohibiting tory as "America's- large.st producer of wool and mutton," Sena-tor and Congre smen from voting taxes out of the peo should have argued that the very fact that he is interested in ple' pockets into their own there ought to be. wool enables him "to vote more intelligently," Even though the Senate has shut off the inYestigation by its [From the Springfield Republican of July 31, 19!32.] srstem of senatorial courtesy, the public has been made to be " ROBBER TARIFFS." lieve that th.e cat is out of the bag, the sheep out of the pen. The re olution of Senator CARAWAY calling for an investi The re~ult will be many unofficial investigations. This Oaraway · gatian ·of the :financial and· business connections of Senators in res?lut1on has opened the gates to muckraking of the sort their rel a tion to the pending taliff bill is not so partisan as which was s~ popular a dozen. years ago, when a man's public it may seem. There are Democrats as well as Republicans in conduct was JUdged in the light of his private interests. Even that body who might be discredited by the disclosures of the now an army with rakes is threatening the sanctity of the most inquiry. expensive club in the world. Repeatedly while this tariff bill has been pending Democrats have voted for high duties in· opposition to the majority on [From the New York Globe.] ~A.TORS FROM THJ!I WOOL RAXCHES. their O'\\Il side, and among their number some may have been influenced by their per onal ·interests as well as by the pressuL'e Senator CARAWAY has proposed an investigation.of what e•ery from their own constituents. If Senator GARA WAY planned Senator and everyone familiar with Washington affairs already his stroke for party advantage, he might not be entirely satis know~, namely, the relations between certain Senators and the .fied with the outcome of•an im·estigation. wuol mdusb.'y. Neither Senator GOODING, nor Senator W ABBEN, It i no new thing to find in the Senate men who are deeply nor Senator STANFIELD, nor Senator Bt."BSUM has made any inte.rested financially in certain tariff schedules-. Senator Goon ecret of their peculiar interest in the wool schedules. The IXG, of Idaho, who owns great flocks of sheep, has become ~ase of Sen~tor SMOOT is superficially different, for although he notorious mainly because of his aggressive- insistence· in the is a promment banker and investor in a State in which Senate upon wool duties that seem outrageous in their effect sheep raising is important, he has not owned sheep directly for on the ·prices of clothing, but even his- brutal disregard of the some 30 years. <'Onsmnei"s interest and his ca.ve man's theory of protection Still o~he! Senators ai:e bound by personal, political, or busi as synonymous with embargoes and absolute monopoly are- by ness affillat10ns to support this or other schedules in which they no means unprecedented. We had the "SenatOl'S from Have have not a direct pecuniary interest. The whole tariff.bill has meyer " when the sugar schedule was fought over in Mr. Cle\e been writt~n primarily on the showing of those who expect to Jand's second administration. Only a very few years ago benefit by it, for although there was a public hearing on most Rllode Island bad one of the largest textile manufacturers in of the items the producers who wanted the tariff were always the eountl'y, l\'lr. Lippitt, a one of its Senators. There has better organized and more ad1·oitly represented than the con not been a time in 50 years when the Penn ylrnnia iron and sumers who stood to lose by it. There is an element of corrup steel makers did not virtually own the Senators from the Key tion in every protective tariff made as protecti\e tariffs ha \e i;:toue State when tariff dutie on iron and teel '\\ere under con always been made in this country. sideration, whether or not those Senators per onally owned ~~ere are, however, degrees of corruption which public shares in steel companies.· opinion can not tolerate. One of these is reached when a busi _11oraJ stan popular scrutiny by a member of the body Senator STAJ\""FIELD that their personal interest in wool fits that grants it. The late Senatcn.· Foraker was driwn out of pub them "to vote intelligently; more intelligently, perhaps, than lic life after it had been shown that as a lawyer he had acted , many others who are opposed to the principle of a protective as counsel for the Standard Oil Co. Not so many "railroad ~riff." The political experience of mankind showed long ago attorney ," actually under retainers, now sit in our lawmaking JUSt how untrustworthy· "intelligence" of tMs kind is. The bodies. Senator Bailey, of TexM, expired as an influence in principle is fu·mly established with regard to judges· it oucrht politics after his connection with Southwestern oil companies to be established with equal :firmness with regard:: to l~gislatirs. became lmo\\n. When President Roosevelt wi hed to embarrass The wool Senators know, and everyone else knows, that they Senator Tillman, of South Carolina, who had been attackincr · are taking the Federal pay for serving their own interests. An ordinary sense of decency would lead them to withdraw from him. he made public the fact that :\fr. Tillman had bad som~ the debate. In the present condition of American politics it is conneetion with certain inYestments in the far Northwest and too· much to expect that they should abstain from voting on might be trying to make money out of the public lands. schedules in which they have a :financial concern, but a high It .i~ · ingular that the PD:blic conscience· has not grown equally ense of honor-an honor to which American legislators may yet se1r1tn:e to the personal interests of l\.Iember of Congress in attain-would demand even that. ta1·iff legi ~1ation. It is absm·d to brand a Foraker or a Bailey Senator CARAWAY is to be thanked for turning the spot light and then Yirtually license Flll~K GooDING, of Idaho a wool grower, to fix in the United States Senate the pric~s of the upon the Senate at the very· moment when the spectacle it re clothes we buy through his dictation of the duties on raw wool. vealed was most instructive. If other legislators would more Pos··ibly the people are now waking up to- this iniquitous aspect frequently forget " senatm.·ial courtesy " the upper House might be purged of some Members who have no moral right to sit of tariff legislation, which gfres reality to " robber tariffs." If tbey really are, a " scientific tariff " may not be so far a way as there. the higher cynics ha rn believed. [From the New Yoxk World of July 31, 1922.] THE W©OL-TARIFF SCANDAL. [From the Bo ton Globe of July 31, 1922.] The scandal of the wool schedule can not be suppressed by MUCKRAKrNG AGAIN. shelving the Caraway resolution. It can not be brushed aside

Senator CARAWAY, of Arkansas, is enrnin:•»0 a name as "the as of no importance. It can not be dismissed as being inspired ball liftle brother" of the Senate. It is the little brother who by partisan politics. For it goes to the root of the system of really gives the bride away by spilling awkward wo1·ds just tari:t'r'making for which the Republican majority in the Senate ·when the festivities are at their height. stands responsible. The Caraway resolution for an investigation of the charges The issue is as plain as it can be. It is a question of common that certain :Members of the National Upper House are inter honesty. If individual Republican Senators or a group· of Re ested financially in the pending tariff bill was outlawed by the publican Senators as woolgrowers are financially interested in (}bjection of a single Senator. l\Ir. CARAWAY is a Democrat of the rates of the pending ta riff bill, in decency they should be course; but it is tbe feeling of many on the Republican ~ide barred from voting. No· protests of 1·ectitude and no specious ~hat his allegiance to an~ther party is not an excuse for giv pleas of service to industries of their sections can be made to mg currency to such horrid charges as those which have been justify their using their official position to vote money into made, especially those against wool-growing Senators, who are 'their own pockets. Men in places of trust are reguln.dy sent to 10952 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. AUGUST 4,

jail for doing that very thing. The Senator who does not hesi· of a bi·other who thought he was doing me a gooll turn, to have tate to m su. e his pov.·er to raise money from the public not my wool go in with bis pool in a neighborhoo

I sometimes can not tell whether tbe mannerisms -Of the Sena Mr. CARA.WAY. I say, the Senator dDes not believe that tor from Idaho indicate anger or intensity oi interest and they were controlled by their advertising 4".olumns'.? 1mrpose, but he was .deeply stirred, and, using his own swear l\Ir. S~:fOOT. I could -not say the papers were. I do not wortls, " by the eternal gods," he announced .he was gojng' to know a thing about it. have an investigation. He repeated that declaration on at least Mr. CARAWAY. Has the Sen.ator acy opinron'.? two occasions on the floor, .and I have also rea.d similar state :Mr. SMOOT. No; I have not; because some may be arnl ments jn print, and I thought that " by the eternal .gods '' he .other. not. I could not ay a word about it. I .know nothing meant ·it. about it. Yesterday there was a chance to introduce a resolution. I l\lr. CARA. W .AY. .And yet the Senator kno~s as rmuch about 1·efrainet1 from reintroducing th'e one I had p.i·eviously .intro- · it-- e an investigation. . I feared I could not get it. I for him a very .bigh opinion. Evidently, with .all the ·faets the knew, or at least l was told~ that if the Senato1· from New Senator from North Dakota and the Senator from ,fufilana to York [lU.r. WADS WORTH] were absent from the Chamber, other gether had, he does net believe there was evicoonee •to ·convict Repub1ica.n Senator had been posted to object to any resolu the newspapers. / tion I might offe1·. But a powerful Senator, .or a Senator who The Senator from Jdaho, who wants to investigate the news~ is credited, whether J'ightly or wrongly, with having written papers, especially to investigate Frank Munsey, does believe that the whole schedule dealing with wool, having saioring oar and bring about an investigation. were controlled against the Republican Party by the importing The mountain labored and brought :forth .a mouse, ac.coruing lwuses that advelitised in their columns. Now is it any wonder to the opinion of the Republican colleagues of this g1·eat Sena that the :papers say that Senators who are dh:ectly financially tor from Idaho. The Committee to Audit and Control the Con interested in the production of articles on which unjustifiable tingent Expenses of the Senate, to ·which his resolution was duties have been levied were influenced by their private inter referred, promptly reported it back with this statement, if I .es.ts? .One is no more reasonable ill-an the other. When he may .be permitted to translate it, without giving offens.e: makes the cha1·ge in his resolution and in his .-statement, the '' There is nothing in tlle Gooding resolution but foolishneSFJ, Senator admits that people are influenced and controlled by and we are not going to help the Senator from Idaho make ii -their private interests, and that is what the new~papers said fMl of the Senate, and therefore we i:eport his resolntion .ad about Senators, that they w.ere interested .and, therefore, were Yersely." controlled by their private interests. Tl1e Senator from Wisconsin [Mr. LID."'R<>oT] said it would Of course I am perfectly willing .for the Senator .to tui:n take two years and hundreds of thousantls of dolla1·s .to Cfil'I'Y · State's evidence. That seems to have been his .intention. ·He out the investigation suggested by the Senatol' il:'om· 1daho; seems to admit that he .and those who had been charged by and the Senator from Wisconsin, who I tmderstand from the the New York Herald were guilty, but seeks by his resolution 1 Senator from Kentucky [Mr. STANLEY], represents practically to show that .all oth~r Republicans are no better than they. the entire unadulterated intelligence of the Republican Party, If that is all be expects to disclose, there is not much use, I took tl1e Senator from :Mississippi [Mr. IlARRISON] to task for think, ·in spending seve.ral thousand dollars in investigations to admitting he would vote for that resolution. ascertain that fact.· It will be admitted ·that he is correct That is the view which the "intelligent" Members of the about it Senate on the Republican side entert.ain of the resolution offe:red But, Mr. President, it .is a.musing to- watch the Senator from by the great Senator from Idaho. I will not chai·ge it, .because Wiseon ·in [Mr. LENR-OOT], for whose intelligence I have.a very I do not know, but it may be that it '"as intended to be a joke, high regard, di:ffeitentiate. He would not 'do what the Senator anu be laughed out of court. Tbat is what bas happened to it, from Idaho did. He would not charge the , Senator from Kan anyway. sas [Mr. CAPPER] with being a hypocrite because he did not The onlv real charge in the resolution of the Senator fl'om vote tor a reduction of the rate on· p.111.P. He did .not charge Idaho dealt with Mr. :Munsey and the New York Herald, and that the Senator from Nebraska EMr. HITmroocx] and the the Senator .from New .York [Mr. CALDER], who is the chair Sena.tor from Virginia [Mr. GLAss] were hxpocrites. He said man of the Commi~tee to Audit and Control the Contingent they were to be .commended for their comse, that .it was p.roper Expenses of the Senate, took gccasion in his report to say that they should refrain from voting because they were the that the charo-e wa unfounded and unjus.tified. o.wne-rs of newspapers, and therefore .directly intere ted in the The committee ,prejudged the case and said there was nothing price of newsprint paper. .But, on the ·Other hand, it was en in the charge~ that 1\lr. :Munsey and ·ms paper were guilty of no tirely ·proper, he said, for Senators to .vote for matters in wrongiloing nor of .any impropriety, as charged by the Senator which they had an overwhelming financial interest if other from ldaho. ·people in their States wei·e likewise inte1·ested. In ether words, The Senator from Iertisement from an importer, and tlu~t if it does, tbat How, then, could any man be held to any course of propriety? importer will intluence its editorials, will control the editOl'ial He co-uld -say that ll.e spoke for the interests and ·opinions of policy of the paper. The Senato1· from North Dakota so . his people. He could advocate the repeal of the Constitution cllargeu, and the Senator fronr Indiana ~Mr. WATSON] agreed and be entirely within his right by saying that the people of th.at papers which accepted these a.dYertisements were controlled his State wanted it done. John 0. Calhoun and those Senators by their advertiser ; th.at. in. oti1e.i· words, they sold their edi who belieYed with him in State. rights and nullification torials to their advertise1·s. ought nevei to have been condemned by any Senator on the Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, I want the Senator to correct other side of this Chamber, if they accept the statement of the his statement so far as the Senator from Utah is concerned. Senator from Wisconsin, because those Senators evidently The Senator from Utah has nev.el' stood upon this :floor and spoke the sentiment of the people of their States. A S.enator said one word about the adveitisements 1n papers in any part from the State ·of Kentucky was driven out of this Senate of the United States. dul'iDg the war, not because. -be did not speak the sentiments Mr. CARAWAY. I am awfully glad to know that. of his people hut because be aid not speak .the sentiments of Mr. SMOOT. Not one word. the people who lived north of the Mason and Dixon line. Sen Mr. CARAWAY. The Senato1· doe. not believe they were ators expelled him from the Senate. Now, tne Senator from controlled. by their advertising columns! Wisconsin would condemn ·every Senator who voted that way Mr. SMOOT: The only question that was eYer asked was because, he has said, we ·have a right to advocate anything and by Senator ROBINSO~-- cast any kind of v.ote, however corrupt, if we can show that il0954 CONGRESSION .AL RECORD-SENATE: AUGUST 4, the people in our State wanted us to casf tllat vote or that -they of 3 per cent i)er annum, · payable semianiiually in gold, shall would be benefited by it. be collected upon the circulation which has been issued to each Mr. STANLEY. Mr. President-- national bank which has not been returned for cancellation.' Mr. CARAWAY. I yield to the Senator from Kentucky. ''The Speaker, in ruling, said : l\Ir. STANLEY. At thnt point may I say that we have this "'The Chair will say that the question in fact lies somewhat anomalous situation: The people in my State are admittedly back of the rules of the House., a·nd while the Chair is going for free wool. The people in the State of Idaho are not for to give his opinion upon the rule and construe it, he begs to make free wool. A woolgrower from Kentucky, if he were in the a remark that goes somewhat deeper than the rule. When a Senate, could not vote· for the duty if he bad a material in very distinguished predecessor in this chair, .Mr. Nathaniel tere t, because his people do not agree with him, while a wool Macon, of North Carolina, occnp;ed it, as is familiar to the grower in Idaho could vote for it. House, a question arose upon the amendment to the Constitu Mr. CARAWAY. I think the Senator's statement-the Sena tion changing the mode of counting the votes for the election tor from Wisconsin-will be interesting reading in New Jersey, of President and Vice Presiden~ · The rule at that time was for instance. The Senator from New Jersey [Mr. FRELIN'G peremptory that the Speakei· should' not vote except in the case HUYSEN] wants to stay here. That is a laudable ambition. of a tie. It has since been cltangro. The ·vote, if the Chair The people of his State evidently believe in light wines and remembers correctly, as handed up to l\fl:. · l\Iacon was 83 in beer, because they elected a governor on that platform by an favor of the amendment nnd 42 opposed to it. The amendment overwhelming majority when the other State officers w~re did not have the necessary two-third and the rule absolutely Republican and the governor a Democrat. I sugge&t, accord forbade the Speaker to vote, and yet h_e did vote, · and the ing to the Senator from Wisconsin, that the Senator from New amendment became engrafted in the Con.stitution of the United Jersey had no right to cnst a dry vote here, if the Senator from States upon that vote; and he voted upon the distinct declara Wisconsin is correct. tion that the House had no right to' adopt ani rule abridging Oh, the idea that the question of whether an act is right or the right of a Member to vote ; that he '·otea upon his re pon· wrong could be determined by whether your people agree with sibility to his conscience and to his constituents; ·that although you is so absurd that any Senator who could lay that down that rule was positive and peremptory it did not_have any as a touchstone of right or wrong has not any conception of effect up-0n his right. He voted, and, if the Chair remembers what right or wrong really is. On the contrary, 1\Ir. President, correctly, it was attempted to contest afterwards · by some .it is a principle; it is a question of honor; it is a question of judicial proces whether the amendment was legally adopted. that finer sense that gentlemen feel should guide them iu deal But the movement proved abortive, and the amendment is now ing with all questions, public or private, and not whether their a part of the Constitution. Now, the question comes back State would be financially interested or bettered. whether or not the House has a right to say to any Member Now, may I say one further thing and then I am through. that he sha1l not vote upon any question, and· especially if the I realize that the resolution of the Senator from Idaho was not House has a right to say if 147 Members come here, each urged very strenuou ly. I rather imagine he expected the owning one share of national-bank stock-which there is no thing to happen to it that did happen to it. I suspect he law to prohibit them from holding-they shall by rea$on of that wanted it that way. It strikes me, if I may say so without be very fact be incapacitated from legislating on this whole ing critical, that it wa 1:mch an nbsurd resolution that I did question. not presume anybody was going to seriously press it. I do not " ' If there. is a majority of one in the llouse that holds each a presume it was expected to be pressed. The country is per single share of stock, and it incapacitates the Members from mitted to make up its mind a to whether Senators on the floor voting, then, of course, the House can not approach that legis of the Senate of the United States have been influenced by lation; ·it stops right. there. * * * Now, it has· always been their private interests in piling up rates on schedules that are held that where legislation affected a class 'as distinct froi:r;i. to cost the other part of the country hundreds of millions of r individuals, a l\lember might vote. Of course, everyone will dollars by the attitude of the Republican Party which by its act see the -impropriety of a sitting Member, . in the ·case of a con says, "We are not going to permit you, the people who are to test, voting on his own case. That is so palpab,Iy an individual pay the taxes, to have any information as to the motives which personal interest that there can be no que:stion ab·out it. It impelled us to levy the e outrageous rates of cluty upon you, if comes right down to. that single mnu. There is no class in the we by any parliamentary tactics can keep you from knowing matter at all. But where a man does not stand in any way them." distinct from a clRss the uniform rule of the American House There is a rule of evidence, as old as the common law, that of Representatives and of the ·British Parliament, from which where a witness is in possession of information and he alone we derive our rulings have been one way. In the year 1871- bns it and refuses to reveal it, it must be presumed that his the Cha.ir is indebted for the suggestion to the gentleman from testimony would hurt his cause. Applying that rule to the l\fassachusett · [Mr. G. F. Hoar], but he reir!emb,ers the case present situation, the country would be justified in deciding, himself-when a bill was pending in the · British House of and wlll decide, that there is information in the possession of Commons to abolish the right to sell commissions in the army, the Senate which, if made known, would be hurtful to the Sena which offi<'ers had always heretofore enjoyed, and to give a tors who wrote these schedules, and therefore that information specific sum of money to each army officer ill lieu thereof, ls denied. . . there were many officers of the army membei·s of the British Mr. CURTIS. l\1r. Pre~ident, I ask unanimous consent to House of Commons, as there always are 7 _ ~y.d the point was have printed in th~ RECORD a decision rendered by the Speaker made that those members could not vote on that bill because of the House of Representatives a good many years ago on the they ilad immediate and direct· pecuniary interest in it. The question of the right of a Member of the House or the Senate House of Commons did not sustain that point, because the offi to vote upon a question in which he is interested. I am not cers referred to only had that interest which was in common going to take the time to read it, but I ask that it may be printed with the entire class of army officers outside of the House, many in the REco1m in 8-point type, because it covers the question thousands in number. fully, and I think e'\"ery Senator ought to read it before he "'Since I have had the honor of being a. Member of ·this cast his vote. House, on the floor and in the chair, many bills giving bounty The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, it is o to soldiers have been voted on here. We lla ve the honor of the ordered. presence on this floor of many gentlemen distinguished in the The matter referred to is a follows: military service who had the b~e:fit o~ those bounties directly (Fl'om vol. 5, par. 5ftt>2, pp. 503-504, of Hinds' Precedents of the House and indirectly. It never could .b.e made a point that they were of )lepre entatives.] incapacitated from voting on those bills. They Q.id not enjoy "On April 11, 1874, the House was considering the bill of the the lJenefit arising from the legifllation di ·tinct and sepasate House (No. 1572) to amend the e"rnral acts providing a national from thousands of men in the country who had held similar cnnency and to e tabli:.ih free- banking. and for other purpo es. positions. It was not an interest distinct from the public inter • During the proceedings Mr. Robert M. Speer, of Pennsyl est in any way. * * 11= And the same with pensions. ':' * ;' Yania, made the point of order that certain Members holding And further, as the gentleman from Massachusetts, the chair Aock in . national hank" were not entitled to vote, being per man of the Committee on Ways and Means [Mr. Henry L. sonally interested in the pending question. Mr. Speer men Dawes], has well said, if it should l>e .clecided to-day that a tioued three Members-Messrs. Poland, of Vermont, and Hamil Member who holds a share of national-bank stock shall not vote ton and Phe1ps, of New Jersey-who were officers of national on a question relating to national l>anks, . then the qutstio:r;i banks, and therefore. as he held, not entitled to vote on the might come up whether a Member interesteq in the manufac pending question, which included the following propo ition: ture of cotton shall have the right to vote upon the tariff on "'That in lieu of the tax of 1 per cent per annum now im cotton goods, or whether a Member representing a cotton State posed on the out. tanding circulation of national banks, a tax shall vote upon the question whether cotton shall be taxed. for . - 1 1922. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. ·10955 that interest is largely represented here by gentlemen engaged The next amendment of the Committee on Finance was, on in the planting of cotton. And so you can go through the page 171, line 22, before the word "cents," to strike out the whole round of business and find upon this floor gentlemen who, figures" 20" and to insert "30," so as to read: in common with many citizens outside of this House, have an PAB. 1306. Pictures, calendars, cards, labels, tl.aps, cigar bands, interest in questions before the House. But they do not have placards, and other articles, composed wholly or in chief value of paper that interest separate and distinct from a class, and, within the lithographically printed in whele or in part from stone, gelatin, metal, or other material (except boxes, views of American scenery or objects, meaning of the rule, distinct from the public interest. The and music, and illustrations when forming part of a periodical or Chair, therefore, has no hesitation in saying that he does not newspaper, or of bound or unbound books, accompanying the same), sustain the point of order presented by the gentleman from not specialJy provided for, shall pay duty at the followin~ rates: Labels and flaps, printed in less than eight colors (bronze printing to Pennsylvania [Mr. Speer].' be counted as two colors), but not printed in whole or in part in metal "l\Ir. William S. Holman, of Indiana, having appealed fr9m leaf, 30 cents per pound. this decision, the appeal was laid on the table, and so the decision of the Chair was sustained." Mr. Sl\IOOT. l\1r. President, on page 171, line 22. before the l\Ir. l\IcCUMBER obtained the floor. words "per pound," I desire, on behalf of the committee, to 1\Ir. SIMMONS. Mr. !>resident, will the Senator yield to me mortify the amendment 'by substituting the numeral "25 " for to send to the desk and have read on behalf of the minority a the numeral " 30." proposition with reference to a unanimous-consent agreement The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on a~reeing for a time to vote upon the bill? to the amendment as modified. Mr. McCUMBER. I yield for that purpose. l\lr. BURSUl\f. Mr. President, I have endeavored to get the Mr. SMOOT. The Senator does not want to have it consid floor _several times. I merely wish to make a short statement ered at this time? with reference to the much-discussed wool schedule and the l\lr. SIMMONS. I simply want it read, and then to ha\e it statement made by the junior Senator from Arkansas [1\lr. lie on the table. CARAWAY]. The Senator from Arkansas seems to be very mucl1 Mr. McCIDlBER. I was in hopes the Senator woulak more than once nor longer tha·n 15 minutes on the cheapest kind of politics. any amPndment or motion nor longer than 30 minutes upon the bill. .All questions of ordf'r under this agreement shall be decicled by the l\Ir. President, one of the fundamentals of the organization of Presiding Officer without debate. thls Government is the right of so>ereign States to have repre l\Ir. SIMMONS. I did not ask for immediate action. I sentation in this body; and I deny the right of any Senator, ask that it may lie on the table. of any committee, or eYen the Senate itself, to disfranchise The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The proposed agreement any State from representation on all questions before the will lie on the table for the present. Senate upon grounds similar to those advanced in this resolu .!\Ir. McCUMBER Mr. President, I simply desire to say in tion. respect to the proposal just submitted by the Senator from Mr. President, what is there to investigate? There is nothing :North Carolina that I think, with a very slight amendment, it to investigate. If any Senator has violated any rule of the will be entirely satisfactory; and I think the amendment which Senate, let that fact be known; let the point of order be made I shall propose will also be satisfactory to Senators on the other to the Presiding Officer; and let the Presiding Officer decide side of the Chamber. Inasmuch, however, as the proposed the question. If any Senator is not satisfied with the decision agreement is not to be acted upon just now, I should like to go of the Presiding Officer, let him take an appeal to the Senate over it a little with the Senator from North Carolina [l\fr. Snr on the floor of the Senate. We have our rules; there is no MONS] in order to understand just exactly what particular pro question about the rules; and there is no question about the visions come within the matters which are proposed first to be application of the rules. In the matter suggested by the reso considered. lution of the Senator from Arkansas [l\Ir. CARAWAY] there is l\Ir. President, having spent four and a quarter hours of the no question on earth that the rules in no way apply in any .day on matters outside the pending tariff bill, I hope we may shape, manner, or form. It is simply a case of bidding and ob now get to the bill and make some real progress upon it. taining cheap notoriety on the first pages of the news1)a pPrs of The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Secretary will state the country in order to carry on propagamla for political the next amendment of the Committee on Finance. purposes. LXII-691 10956 CONCfRESSIONAL REOO:RD---.-SENATE. AUGUST 4,

My predirtion is that this rtempest in a teapot resolution or Some of -those big buccaneers in Wall Street will laugh when investigation will amount to nothing. I do not care anything they hear what he has done for them to-day. about th~s investigation; I have no objection to committees and " What about that resolution of investigation? " Senators investigating until they are black and blue in the face; "How is that?" but I say now that nothing constructive or helpful to the public "What abuut the investigation resolution?" will come of it. It will only be a ·farce; we may waste a large "There will be no investigation." sum of public money for which no useful purpose will have "Good for you," they will say. been subserved. I am thoroughly satisfied with the righteous Oh, Mr. President, these revels of greed and avarice have ness of my vote on wool. It is fair, just, reasonable, and right. been had before in nistary. They flourish for a time, but they It is an honest duty due an honorable and essential industry, pass away. The American people are not going to submit to necessary and vital to its preservation, and vital to the welfare this sort of thing, Senators. I do not think they will. and security of the Nation. . The Senator from New l\Iexico [Mr. BURSUM] says he has 1\lr. HEFLIN. Mr. President, it ought to be the ambition always believed in protection, and therefore, because that is and the desire of every Senator in this body to keep un his belief, he should be excused from a rule that would PJ.'e tarnished the good name of the Senate; it ought to be the vent a man from voting where his private interests were in desire of every Senator 'to do everything in his power to pre volved. A burglar might say, "What business have you to vent anything from transpiring here that will reflect upon its arrest me? I have always believed in burglary. That is one honor and integrity. This body ought not to be the .rendezvous of my cardinal principles. Pillage and plunder is what I live of pecial privilege or the clearing house for tradesmen. It on. What right have you to interfere with my pleasant pas ought to remain the Senate of the United States, filled with men time?" [Laughter.] So one of these pillaging and plunder coming from the sovereign States who will live up to the oath ing fellows comes in and says, "Yes; I voted to put this money which they took when they entered this body to support and de in my pocket by laying a tax on wool and taxing all the men, fend free institutions. It looks as if some Senators would like women, and children in America; but what right have you to to get away from that idea and make the Senate a trafficking say anything about it? I have believed in that doctrine from institution whereby special interests can send their special my youth up." agents here, and under the guise of United States Senators Mr. President, when I used to practice law, many years ago, vote to tax the whole American people to build up the fortunes I would see a judge sitting on the bench trying cases, and of those whose agents they are. That is not my conception of after a while he would reach a certain ease and then he would the duty of a Senator. rise and say, "Gentlemen," speaking to the lawyers and the l\lr. President, every State in the Union safeguards the prin people J)resent, " I am interested in the next case that is to be ciple that -is involved here. We elect officers for a given term, tried, and I do not think I am competent to sit in it, and I and we throw restraints around those officers, in order to do ought not to sit in it because of the interest I have in it. I what? To keep them from raising their own salaries during therefore vacate the bench and ask one of you lawyers to come the term for which they were elected. A Senator should not up and preside in this case " ; and another lawyer would go vote to raise his salary during his term. When he is elected and relieve the judge in the trial of a case, maybe, where the for a term of six years at $7,500 per year, it would be wrong amount of $50 or $100 or more was involved. So careful is a for him to vote to increase his salary to $15,000 a year as soon judge to safeguard this principle of eternal right and justice as he gets in the Senate. What is the difference between that that he will not sit in a case where he is even remotely inter and a wool king taking his seat here as a United States Sena ested. Every time one of these cases is tried and a jury is tor, when his business is worth a half million dollars, and then impaneled to sit in it and to make its judgment upon it the immediately vote to increase his wealth to three-quarters of a lawyers on both sides of the case sit there and they will have million dollars by taxing me and everybody else in the country this question asked of the juror: "Are you personally inter· upon wool? What right has he to do that? Senators resent ested in this case? Are you interested in the outcome of this the idea that some of us have of protecting this Ohamber and litigation? Are you related by blood or marriage to either one the peop1e · against such trafficking. of the parties litigant here? " He says: " I am not." All The Senator from New Mexico invites the Senator from Ar right ; he is qualified so far as that goes and they either accept kansas [Mr. OAR.A.WAY] to submit his proposition to the Pre him or reject him ; but the minute he says, " I am interested in siding Officer as to whether these men interested .financially in a financial way,'' the judge says, "You are incompetent; stand the question before the Senate should be allowed to vote, and aside." But in the great Senate of the ·united States a Senator then, if he rules against 'them, to appeal to the Senate. I sug who has millions of dollars invested in wool can stand in thiS gest an amendment to that suggestion, and that is that we then body and vote to put upon it a sky..bigh tax rate that increases appeal to the judgment bar of the American people. We have his fortune, and then those of us who say that that is wrong, got that right, and we will take advantage of it. Mr. Presi that it is immoral to do it, are criticized, and they say we are dent, the American people are not going to permit anybody to old fogies in our ideas. come here and simply vote to put money in his own pocket or :Mr. President, when a Senator stands in this lawmaking to represent special interests against the interests of the great body and a great trust concern like the .woolen Trust is up mass of the American people. That was not the intention the for consideration and a measure is pending that will put money founders had when they builded this Republic, and those of us in his pocket by the thousands and hundreds of thousands o.f who are here ought to safeguard it from just such things as dollars, when his name is called he ought to stand up like a that. Instead of that we are being scolded and criticized by real American and say, "If this amendment is adopted it Senators on the other side for undertaking to hold the Senate means hundreds of thousands of dollars to me. If I vote -for true to the course the founders intended it should follow. it I am voting to take money out of tbe pockets of other The Senator from Idaho [Mr. GooDING] has introduced a people to put into my own. Under the circumstances I do not resolution which is pretty broad in its scope, to investigate feel that I should vote upon this particular item." who is who in this body with regard to these big interests. Mr. President, that has been done before in both branches of Let the investigation proceed ; it is high time that the Ameri Congress. can people were finding out just what hold the money ·power The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is upon agree has upon this great Government of ours. Turn on the light ing to the amendment of the committee as modified. and let the truth be known. The amendment as modified was agreed to. "What do they say here to-day? The Senator from Idaho The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The 'next amendment of the [l\fr. GoomNG]-himself accused, with a number of other wool committee will be stated. _ kings, of voting in this body to put money into his own pockets The ASSISTANT SECRETARY. On line 23, page 171, the com by taxing the men and women of America-rises in his place mittee proposes to strike out "30" and insert "45," so as to and asks to have an investigation conducted; and here comes read: the Senator from New York [1\Ir. 0ALDER], chairman of ·a com- ' Cigar bands of the same number of colors and printings, 45 cents p-er mtttee, sitting right in a place where he can use 'his power to pound. protect these people who ought to be investigated; he rises Mr. SHEPPARD. I suggest the absence of a quorum. immediately; he does not wait for the resolution to get cold The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Secretary will call the until he comes in nnd tells the Senate and the country that · roll. his committee has reported it adversely, therefore shutting tbe The roll was called, and ·the following Senators answered to door in the face of his Republican colleague from Idaho and their names : saying, " There will be no investigation had just now." Ashurst Cummins Frellnghuysen Harrison l\lr. President, that will be pleasing news to tbe Senator's Ball Curtis Glass Heflin Broussard Dillingham Gooding Jones, Wash. friends in New York. l\fy good friend [Mr. CALDER] has a race Calder du Pont Hale Kendrick on up there now, running pretty lively, in New York State. Capper Ernst Barria Keyes. 1922. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~SEN ATE._ 10957

Ladd Nelson Ransdell Sterling this country dwing the past few months, we must increase Lenroot Newberry Rawson Trammell Lodge Oddie Robinson Walsh, Mass. the duty as the committee has recommended. McCormick Overman Sheppard Walsh, Mont. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is upon agree- ' Mccumber P epper Simmons Watson, Ind. ing to the amendment as modified. McKinley Phipps Smoot Willis McLean Pittman Spencer The amendment as modified was agreed to. McNary Pomerene Stanfield The next amendment was, on page 172, line 2, to strike out The PRESIDENT pro tempore. .Fifty Senators have an " 30 " and insert in lieu thereof " 45," so as to read : Labels and tlaps printed in eight or more colors (bronze printing to swered to their names. There is a quorum present. The ques be counted. as two colors), but not printed in whole or in part in tion is upon agreeing to the amendment of the committee on metal leaf, 45 cents per pound. page 171, line 23, where the committee proposes to strike out Mr. SMOOT. I move to substitute "35" for "45." "30" and to insert "45." • The amendment as modified was agreed to. Mr. SMOOT. I desire that the Senate shall substitute ." 35" The next amendment was, on page 172, line 3, to strike out · for "45." " 40 " and insert in lieu thereof " 60," so as to read : Mr. W .A.LSH of Montana. Mr. President, the action of the Cigar bands of the same number of colors and printings, 60 cents committee in receding from the outrageously high rate pro per pound. posed by them in the first place is to be commended, but. the Mr. SMOOT. I move to insert" 50" for" 60." reduction proposed is comparatively insignificant. Possibly the The amendment as modified was agreed to. Senate might be interested in learning just exactly what these The next amendment was, on page 172, line 5, to strike out specific rates in this particular paragraph mean when converted " 50 " and insert in lieu thereof "75," so as to read : into ad valorem rates and compared with the rates in existing Labels and flaps, printed in whole or in part in metal leaf, 75 cents law. per pound. This paragraph includes a large number of commodities made Mr. SMOOT. I move that "60" be substituted for "75." of paper. Thus, cigar bands, labels, and flaps of less than eight The amendment as modified was agreed to. colors are included. The present law· subjects those to a duty The next amendment was, on page 172, line 6, to strike out of 28.08 per cent, and that is raised to 73.4 per cent. If those "55" and in.sert in lieu thereof "82!," so as to read: come from Cuba they bear a rate under the present law of 6.55 Cigar bands, printed in whole or in part in metal leaf, 82! cents per cent, which becomes 14.7 per cent under the pending bill. per pound. Mr. SMOOT. What rate is the Senator speaking of? Mr. SMOOT. I move that "65" be substituted for "82!.'' Mr. W .A.LSH of Montana. I am speaking of cigar bands, The amendment as modified was agreed to. labels, and flaps, if they are of less than eight colors. The pres The next amendment was, on page 172, line 14, to strike out ent rate is 7.31 and that is raised to 17.5 per cent; 14.86 per cent "8 " and insert in lieu thereof " 12," so as to read: on another variety is rai ed to 35.8 per cent; 24.01 per cent to Fashion magazines or periodicals, printed in whole or in part by 54.2 per cent; 11.08 per cent to 25 per cent; and 14.78 per cent litho.graphic process, or decorated by band, 12 cents per pound. to 28.6 per cent. Cigar labels, flaps, and so on, in whole or in Mr. SMOOT. I ask that that amendment be disagreed to. part printed upon metal leaf, are subjected, under the present Mr. SHEPP.A.RD. Would that leave the existing rate in law, to a rate of 34.05 per cent, and that is increased to 73.5 operation? per cent. I am not particularly interested in this commodity, Mr. Sl\IOOT. No; the existing rate is 6 cents, but it reduces but I dare say that the manufacturers of cigars throughout the the rate one-third from what the House fixed it. country will find this no small burden. The amendment was rejected. Mr. SMOOT. Will the Senator tell me to what year he re The next amendment was, on page 173, line 2, to strike out fers in giving the equivalent ad valorems to which he has " 20 " and insert " 30," so as to read : referred? All other articles than those hereinbefore specifically provided for in Mr. W .A.LSH of Montana. · They are based upon current this paragraph, not exceeding eight one-thousandths of an inch in prices, as shown in the Reynolds report, figures prepared for me thickness, 30 cents per pound. by the expert on paper for the Tariff Commission. Mr. SMOOT. .A.s to that, I move that "25" be substituted Mr. SMOOT. I think the figures of the Senator are wrong, for" 30." or I misunderstand them. Mr. WILLIS. I desire to ask the Senator whether the com Mr. W .A.LSH of Montana. I do not pretend to know myself. mittee did not intend to propose an amendment in line 17, page I am giving the information which comes from the expert of the 172. I was advised that an amendment was contemplated Tariff Commission. there. Mr. SHEPPARD. They are based on values for 1921. 1\fr. SMOOT. That refers to decalcomanias, and the com Mr. SMOOT. Were those equivalents based upon the rates mittee thought there was no necessity for m&.king a change which were first proposed by the committee? under the conditions existing to-day. Mr. W .A.LSH of Montana. They were based on the rates pro 1\Ir. WILLIS. I wish the Senator would give me some infor posed. I invite the Senator's attention to the reductions. For mation about that item. I have sought information unsuccess instance, by the change just made the rate is reduced from 32 fully. to 25 cents a pound, which is a reduction of 16! per cent, so Mr. Sl\IOOT. I think what the Senator is interested in, be 73.4 per cent will be reduced to practically 54.4 per cent, as cause it refers to the pottery business, is found on page 170, against 28.8 per cent, and so on down the line. In other words, where the duplex and the simplex decalcomanias are enumer these flgures I have given now must be reduced, by virtue of the ated. We passed those the -other day, and put the duplex on reductions proposed by the committee, somewhere from 10 to the free list and the simplex was made dutiable at 5 cents a 20 per cent. The Senate will understand that. pound. Let me give some other items which are included in this para Mr. WILLIS. I was interested in that item, but I am also graph. .A. great many of our young women are interested in interested in this one. I have sought in the hearings and in the pottery decoration and that kind of thing. Decalcomanias Summary of Information to find what justification there is for are used in that interesting work, which is artistic and educa the increase in the rates. .A.s the Senator will see, there is a tive in character. The rate on decalcomanias under existing very considerable increase. The rate in the present law on de law is 11.6 per cent, and that is increased to 28.5 per cent. calcomanias is 60 cents a pound. This proposes to make it 70 .Another variety, of a different style, is increased from 11.78 cents a pound and 15 per cent ad valorem. That would fi gure per cent to 31.4 per cent. Souvenir post cards are raised from out, under the rate in the present law, for the year 1920, 13.8, 12.11 per cent to 40 per cent. I am not going to spend any or nearly 14 per cent. Now there is 15 per cent ad valorem time upon these matters. I just wanted to indicate to the added. It is not a large industry, of course, and it is not a large Senate what they were doing in adopting these rates. item of expense, yet it is of a good deal of interest to our people. Mr. C.6.LDER. Mr. President, this relates to the art of As the Senator knows, we have in the State of Ohio the largest lithographing, and men serve years to learn the trade. There pottery industry there is to be found in the country. There are are engaged in it about 20,000 men in New York, New Jersey, perhaps 4p or 50 great potteries in that State, and I have had a and Pennsylvania, where this work is very largely done. great deal of correspondence with persons interested in that The Tariff Commission have taken the trouble to inquire business, complaining about this very rate. I shall not object into the wages paid to men in this industry. They tell me that to it if some good reason can be given for the increase of 100 in .America, in and about the centers I have indicated, they per cent. That is what it amounts to, because it is now 13 or 14 pay the men an average wage running from $39 to $42 a week, per cent, and it is proposed to add 15 per cent ad valorem. Why and men doing the same sort of work in Germany are receiv should it be increased? ing in the neighborhood of $2.35 a week. So, of course, if we Mr. SMOOT. On these decalcomanias in ceramic colors hvpe to check what appears to be a rush of these imports into weighing not over a hundred pounds for 1,000 sheets, on the RECORD~SEN '.10958 CONGRESSIONAL ATE. .AUGUST 41 basis of 20 by 30 inches in. dimensions-because those are the Mr. SMOOT. I ask that the amendment be dii:;agreed to. dimensions these rates are based upon-we give 70 cents a pound The amendment was rejected. and 15 per cent ad valorem. The equivalent ad valorem on all The next amendment of the committee was, on page 173, in the imports for 1921 was but 29 per cent. line 12, to strike out "6" and insert "9," so as to read: Mr. WILLIS. If the Senator will ref.er to the Summary of exceeding twenty one-thousandths of an inch in thickness, 9 cents Tariff Information, page 1069, he will find that the rate is a per pound. little lower trum. that. The figures are given as 13.8 per cent. Mr. Sl\IOOT. :L move to _substitute" 7t" for "9." Mr.. SMOOT. The equivalent ad valDrem on imports for the Mr. SHEPPARD. Mr. President, this paragraph has for its full year of" 1921 is 29 per cent. That is the amount of duty subject matter pictures, calendars, cards, labels, cigar bandsr that is put upon these decalcomanias in ceramic colors, and that· placards, and other articles com.po ed wholly or in chief value is ;tll of paper lithograp~ally printed, and increases substantially Mr. WILLIS. I can not quite see why there should be that the existing rates on these articles. Many. of these articles, apparent doubling in a year. At all events, this makes a very such as lithographic calendars, pictures, and cards, are the only considerable increase in price. means of adornment and beautification within the reach of · l\fr. SMOOT. The present rate is 60 cents a pound and the thousand.& of humble homes, while the cards and pictures mny proposed rate is 70 cents a pound. serve as appronriate but inexvensive souvenirs and pre~ents Mr. WILLIS. And 15 per cent ad valorem. That is where on rriany occasions where large expenditure may be neithec prac the tremendous increase comes in. ticable nor de irable. These articles for the most part con. It is shown in the Summary of Tariff Information that our tribute to the pleasure.and instruction of the mas es. Certainly annual production in this country is only 100 tons and that the advance proposed i without basis in reason or foundation in our annual consumption is 600 tons. Of cour e, if an industry fact. Imports totaled about $600,000 in 1920. Production :figures can develop here, as the Senator knows, I am in favor of it, for this coumry I am unable to obtain, but the spectacle of but it does seem to me it is a heavy burden upon the potters great numbers of these articles on sale in every city, town, of the country to increase their rate 100 per cent unless some and hamlet in the land evidences a domestic output beside which perfectly good. reason should be given for it, which I have not these importations fade into unimportance. Certainly no pro yet heard. found consideration of material defense or national economy Mr. SMOOT. r will say to the Senato!"' that tfie potters are justiftes- a high tarUI tax in behalf of picture cards, art cal more interested in the duplex decalcomania than they are in endars, advertising placards, andi cheap souvenirs of pictured the ceramie colors. paper. Mr. WILLIS. They are interested in both. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The que tion is on agreeing Mr. SMOOT. They are used so slightly, I will say to the to the amendment of the committee as modified. Senator, that it would cut no figure at all in the· ca e of pottery. The amendment as modified was agreed to. Mr; WILLIS. The Senator understands, of course, that we The next amendment of the committee was, on page 174, in can use our own product here, but wliere we have to come in line 4, to insert " Bristol board of the kinds made on a competition with the foreign maTket, and we do export some Fourdrinier machine," so. as to read: pottery, of course, if we are to compete with the foreign product PAR. 1'307. Writing, letter, not~. drawing, handmade paper and paper we must have as good designs as they have, and it is a matter commercially known as handmade paper and ma.chine handmade paper, of a good deal ot' impoTtance. japan paper and imitation japan paper by whatever name known, Bristol board of the kinds made on a Fourdrinier- machine. and1 ledger, Mr. Sl\100~. So far as designs are concerned, I think the bond, record- American is equal to that of any foreign country. l\1r. WILLIS. We are equal in our view but we are not in And so forth. their view. l\fr. W A.LSH a1! Montana:. Mr. President, paragraph 1307 l\lr. SMOOT. We know what we want in this country better deals with writing paper, letter paper, and note paper and that than anybody else does. kind ot· thing used for ordinary correspondence. Under the Mr. WILLIS. I shall not quarrel with the Senat<:>r. I hope pre ent law it all bears a rate of 25 per cent. The changes that this will succeed in establishing a new industry. made operate as a reduction in the case of a number of the Tbe PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is upes the Senator mean to impose the same grapbed envelopes is provided in this case to take care of a duty on both types of wall paper, the unfinished a.nd the condition which bas ar isen in the trade. In many cases en- .finished? .10960 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. AUGUST 4,

Mr. SMOOT. Yes; where an ad valorem rate i applied it l\Ir. SMOOT. l\1r. President, I desire to modify the com makes but yery little difference, I will say to the Senator. mittee amendments just stated by inserting a substitute for The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on agreeing to that portion of paragraph 1310, from the word " Books," in line the amendment striking out after the words "ad valorem" in 16, to and including the words " ad valorem " in line 24. line 6 clown to and including the word " pound " in line 9. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The amendment as proposed The amendment was agreed to. to be modified by the Senator from Utah on behalf of the com The PRESIDING OFFICER. · Without objection, the amend mittee will be stated. ment in line 10, page 175, will be passed over. The ASSISTANT SECRETARY. On page 175 it is proposed to The next amendment proposed by the Committee on Finance strike out all beginning with the word "Books,'' in line 16, will be stated. down to and including the words "ad valorem," in line 24, and The next amendment of the Committee on Finance was, on to insert in lieu thereof the following : page 175 line 11 before the words "per centum," to strike out Unbound books of all kinds, sheets or printed pages of books bound the num~ral "23 " and to insert the numerals "30," so as to wholly or in part in leather, bound books of all kinds except those read: bound wholly or in part in leather, including blank books, slate books, and pamphlets, engravingsi photographs, etchings, maps, charts. music Wrapping paper not specially provided for, 30 per cent ad valorem. in books or sheets, and pr nted matter, all the foregoing not specially The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on agreeing to provided fur, if or bona fide foreign authorship, 15 per cent. ad valorem; all other, 25 per cent ad valorem ; book bindings or covers wholly or the committee amendment. in part of leather, not specially provided for, 30 per cent ad valorem. )Jr. WALSH of Montana. That is the ordinary wrapping paper, I presume, used in grocery stores and other mer<;antile The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on agreeing to establi ·hments and for express packages and all that kind of the amendment as modified by the Senator from Utah on be thing . The duty is raised 5 per cent, the present law impos half of the committee. Mr. WALSH of Montana. Mr. President, I do not understand ing a duty of 25 per cent on that article. There are no s~b the amendment. stantial importations, so far as I can learn, and I should llke to inquire of the Senator from Utah why it is deemed advis 1\Ir. LODGE. l\Ir. President, I do not wish to interrupt the ::tble to put a higher duty on wrapping paper. Senator, but I think I can explain it if the Senator will give Mr. SMOOT. Of all of the papers included in this paragraph me a moment. there is tlie strongest competition in wrapping paper. It is Mr. WALSH of Montana. I will be very glad to hear the - imported from Sweden, Norway, and Germany, but more par Senator from Massachusetts. ticularly from Sweden and Norway. The importations for the Mr. LODGE. l\ir. President, this is a paragraph in which I la.·t year, as I remember, were 11,000,000 pounds under the rate take a great deal of interest, and the amendment which has of duty of the present law, 25 per cent. The invoices which been proposed I offered some time ago and had printed. I will have been shown to the committee and other fact indicate that say to the Senator, as, of course, he is perfectly aware, that the the importations of wrApping paper will be greater than ever printer and the compositor are entirely protected under the in t he past. So the committee felt that 30 per cent wa.s the copyright laws, because no book can be copyrighted in thi lowest rate that they could provide and afford the industry in country that is not printed in this country. The House had tl1e United States a chance to live. so arranged the paragraph a to put books in foreign language l\Ir. WALSH of l\Iontn.na. l\fr. President, the Tariff Commis on the dutiable list, where they have never been and never ought to be, and they also eliminated the provision that all sion says that the exports in 1914 of paper hangings wer~ valued at $453,412 ; exports of wrapping paper were 14,133,09' books i;nore than 20 years old shall be on the free list. pounds, valued at $532,667. I was very anxious to have them re1'tored to the free list. Mr. SMOOT. Let me call the Senator's attention to a fact What I desired to do, in the draft I made of this amendment which will show where we are drifting. In May, 1921, we and it is merely a redraft of what is here in print-was to imported of wrapping paper 1,111,909 pounds, and in May, make sure that the duty which it was desired to impose on the 1922, of this year, we imported 6,066,041 pounds. That shows binding should fall on the binding alone, and not upon the ho·w the imports are increasing under the 25 per cent rate of duty, book-that is, the book more than 20 years old. and we are only increasing it 5 per cent up to 30 per cent. Some of those books, as the Senator well knows, first edi The House rate was 23 per cent, based on American valuation. tions--take the first folio of Shakespeare a an extreme ex The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on the amend ample-are of enormou value. They may have been bound ment proposed by the committee. within the 20 year . To tax the whole book on the full value The amendment was agreed to. of the book would be monstrous, of course. They really ought The PRESIDING OFFICER. The next amendment of the to come in free; and the purpose of this amendment, with which committee will be stated. I had something to do, was to make sure that the tariff duty The ASSISTANT SECRETARY. On page 175, in line 12, it is pro should be confined to the binding, and -I think it achieve that po ed. to strike out " 2 cents per pound and 10 ' and insert " 30,'' purpose. It must be ta ken in connection with an amendment so as to read : to the free list which will be offered in a moment. Mr. WALSH of l\lontana. The proposed amendment also Blotting paper, 30 per cent ad valorem. affects the importation of books, does it? The amendment was agreed to. l\1r. SMOOT. Yes. That refers to the free Ii t. The next amendment of the Committee on Finance was, on l\Ir. LODGE. Yes. The free-li~t provision is as follows. page 175, line 13, after the words "ad valorem," to strike out These are on the free list : " filtering paper, 5 cents per pound and 15 per cent ad valo Books, maps. music, engravings, photographs, etchings, lUbogTaphic rern," and the semicolon. prints bound or unbound, and charts, which havE" been printed more Mr. SMOOT. l\Ir. President, I ask that that amendment be than 2o years at the time of importation: Provided, That where any di agreed to. The Senate will remember that :filtering paper uch books have been rebound wholly or in part in lPather within such period, the binding o placed upon such books shall be dutiable as pro wa ta.ken out of this paragraph and put into paragraph 1304 nded in paragraph 1310. under a higher rate of duty. I asked that the amendment in paragraph 1304 be disagreed to, and gave notice at that time l\lr. WALSH of Montana. I should like to follow this amend that when we reached paragraph 1309 I would also a k that the ment of the Senator from l\Iassachusetts and the Senator from amendment in that paragi·aph be disagreed to, which will re Utah. the proposed substitute for paragraph 1310. This reads: duce the duty on filtering paper from 6 cents a pound and 15 Unbound books or all kinds- per cent ad valorem to 5 cents a pound and 15 per cent ad valo That is to say, if they have bindings they do not fall under rem, as the House bill provided. this paragraph. That is the :first clause. The second clause is: The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on agreeing to Sheets or printed pages of l>ooks bound wholly or in part in leather the amendment reported by the committee. Unbound book of all kinds beai- a duty of 15 per cent under The mnend.ment was agreed to. thi provision. Now, why should a bound book come in free Tli.e next amendment of the Committee on Finance was, on and an unbound book bear a duty of 15 per cent? I understood page 175, line 14, after the word "for," to strike out "23," and the Senator from Mas achusetts to say that the sole puxpose in lieu thereof to in ert "3.D," so as to read: was to reach the binding. Paper not specially provided for, 30 per cent ad valorem. l\Ir. LODGE. Yes; on books over 20 years old. The books The amendment was agreed to. over 20 years old come in free. All book le than 20 years The next amendment wns, on page 175, line 20, after the word old. bound or unbound, bear a duty. "for,'' to strike out the figure "20" and to insert "if of bona l\Ir. "\V ALSH· of Montana. But this says " unbound books of fide foreign authorRhip. 1U per cent ad Yalorem; all other 25 "; all kind ." That would include, of course, books over 20 years in line 23, after the \YOrd " for,'' to strike out the :figures " 33! " of age. nnd to in ~ ert "45." l\1r. LODGE. I think not. 1922. CONGRESSIONAL JRECOltD-8ENATE. !096f

Mr. :WALSH of Montana. •Unless ·you •add" except:us.h1r.etn - Mr. , SM00~. That Js the textbook ·.p.r.ovision. That is the otherwise provided." . paragraph under which these institutions will import ithem. .Mr. SMOOT. It-says here: Mr. WALSH of MontRD.a. ·Oh, ::yes; but ·what ll ;want .to .know Printed ma~ter, all 1the_J'.oregoing ·not :spe.-cially Jll'e>vided ..for, if .of about .is the ordinary textbooks that are_:l)urehased by students bona fide foreign authorship, l5 ;per cent .ad valorem · all other 25 ner for use • c 0 11 I cent ad valorem; booibindings or covers ·wholly or ill part or '1eaufer ~ ilil · eges. not specially provided for, 30 per cent ad valorem. · ·• _1\lr. _;LODGE. 'They come unde1"the .duty, ~of conrse.· . 1\lr. lLODGE. "'.All the ·foregoing not ·specially provided-for." :Mr. :SM.OOT. They are.dutiable -under existing law, and al~ Mr. WALSH of Montana. That is carried deai· .thro-q.gli? ways have been, and will be under this law. Mr. S:i\IOOT. Then I will say to the Senator 'that in the . -Mr: .LODGE. 'The,ordinary schoolbook, ,of course, is printed ame1?-dment that ·we -propose to offer on page 215, line -22, it is ID this country, and ought to be. proTided that they shall come in free if ..they are-20 years old .Mr. WALSH ·of Montana. But I am speaking -:a.bout those or more. In other words, "books, maps, ::music, engravings printed -in foreign languages. photographs, etchings, lithographic prints, ·bound or unbound' l\Ir. SMOOT. They are free. . . · and charts, ·which have 'been -printea more thun ·20 years at · th~ Mr: LODGE. No; they are ·not. .I •was ·ogoing to offer 'that time of importation," come in free. Paragiaph _1310 .-applies amendment about •boo.ks 'Printed Jn ·foreign Jlanguages, 'because only to 'the dutiable books. I see that 'that is not specifically stated. Mr. WALSH of Montana. But J.t will .be ·observetl that -after Mr. SMOOT. They are in paragraph 1530. that -provision you 'have " .unbound 'books .of all "kinds, * * * 'Books ·-antl "l>amphlets •printed ·whcllly ·or chiefly ·in languages other Bot specially ,provided ·for." than .Jnnglish; ;books, J>fllllPhlets- Mr. LODGE. That is · specially ·provitled for in the free list. And so forth. 'Mr. 'WA'.LSH of'Mantana. Yes; ·e:xact:tY- "Mr. ·DODGE. I was =misled. ·r llid not know there ·was an- If of bona fide fore~gn authorship, 15 per cent ad valorem- other par~graph dealing with .this subject. It is -scattered Now, .you .provide-- ~bout "in a ·batl ·way. We ought to have one paragraph embrac- All other, 25 per cent ad valorem. mg 'the .whole .df it. Mr. SMOOT. Yes. Mr. '!_!'AI.SH of 1\Iontana. 'That ·is all riglit, then. vers wholly or in part of leather, not •specially ;Mr. SMOOT. I ·want to dispose of 'ihe -free list now. On provided for. page 21"5, .the .fir.st word in _paragraph ·1529, whei:e the com- Mr. LODGE. I see. I think the Senator is right. mittee -st:Puck out " ·Hydrographic," :I desire rthat that -shall be Mr. SMOOT. Yes; there is a semicolon there. rejected, ·and then I desire to strike out :the balance of that Mr. LODGE. It should read: line down .to and including .the word "hydrographic" on line All other, not specially provided for, 25 .per -cent ad valorem. 17, so that it will read: .Mr. •SMOOT. Thai ought ito tbe .repeated, because ·.of i"t-.e Hydrographic charts and publications issued for the.ir subscribers or semicolon. l>ll exchanges by scientific or ;literary ass.Ociations- The A.ssrsT.tN"T .SEcRETAlW. After · the words '"all other" in- ~.\.nd so on, down to the word "·Governments" on line 22; sert the words "-not specially -provided tor." ' and then I offer, to :follow "the ~ord "G.overnments" in line The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on agreeing 22, the amendment that I send to the desk. to the-amendment·as modified. The BRESIDING OFFICER. The.question is on agreeing to .Mr. WALSH of Montana. Mr. :President, before we ,agree the. a_mendment of the c~mittee beginning on line 12, ·page-215, to :that, ,J want to in!luire where provision ·is made for text- str1kmg out '" hydrograph1c" and inseii;ing certain other wotds. books, :if at ·all. .The amendment was rejected. Mr. ·LODGE. I ·do .not ithink therejs ,any provision.Jfor tm- Mr. WALSH of Montana. Mr. President, let me inquire of books as such. the 'Senator from 'Utah what is the meaninO' of this? That Mr. SMOOT. ii do ·not,•either. pr.aatically restores the 1)aragraph .to the e.o~dition in which Mr. LODGE. Unle~s it is ·under one of the educational para- it was when it -·came from 'the House, ·does it not-? graphs; but I -was -gomg •to ask, -when we .take up as the .Sen- l\Ir. LODGE. ·Oh, no. ator from !Utah is about to •take up, the free list-'- 1\fr. S]fOOT. Not when we get t~roligh with .the other-amend- Mr. SIMMONS. Sundries; not the free list. ment. • Mr. L0DGE. 'No; this ·is the free list. Mr. LODGE. We are going to insert what will be read from Mr. SMOOT. If the Senator will turn to page .216, para- the desk. gi·aph 1531, he will see that it reads: Mr. ~IOOT. If the Senator will foilow me I will read it Any society or institution .incorporated or establish-ed solely for re- just,as it will be, with the exception of .the insei:tion, and then ligious, philosophical, .educational, scientific, .or literary -purposes, or I .will ask the Secretary to read the insertion. It wil1 read for the. encouragemen~ of .the fin_e arts, or any college, -academy, school, now: or 11emmary of learnmg m the United States, ·or any State or public library, may import free of duty any book, tn:mp, music engraving .Hyfuographic charts and publicationa issued for their -subscribers .or photograph, etching, lithographic prin.t, or -chart, for its 'own use 0 ; e.x~nges by. s~e?tific or literary. associations or academies, and pub for the encourag~ment of the fine arts, and not for sale, under such !~~hons of md1v1auals for gratuitous priva:te circulation not adver rules and regulat10ns ·as the Secretary of the Treasm·y may prescribe. tism:g matter, and p1Jblic · docum~ts issued by foreign governments. 1\lr. 'WALSH of ~lontana. Yes; but that is not 'the idea I Then, after" Governments," I moYe to insert the matter '\\hich ha e in mind. I _aSk to have read from the desk .

• 10962 CONGRESSIONAL REOORD--SENATE. ATJGt ST 4.

The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Secretary will state the that limitation. I think it '\"ery proper, and it will be helpful. amel'.).dment. Certainly no Senator will want more than an hour to di ens The Assistant Secretary read as follows: these preferential amendments, and cer~ainJy will not want Books, maps, music, engravings, photographs, etchings, lithographic more than an hour to discuss any amendment. prints, bound or unbound, and charts, which have been printed more Mr. l\IcOUMBER. I hope the Sena tor from Wi ·· con, iu will than 20 years at the time of importation ; Provided, That where any such books have been rebound wholly or "in part in leather within such ·find that agreeable. period, the binding so placed upon such books shall be dutiable as pro Mr. LENROOT. I ~mderstand the mutter is not up for vided in paragraph 1310. action? The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on the ame.nd l\lr. l\IcCUl\.1BER. No ; it is not. • ment. l\lr. BROUSSARD. Will the Senator from North Dakota The ASSISTANT SECRETARY. There is one amendment in line yield? 19 that proposes to strike out the word " and " and insert the Mr. ~1cCU1\fBER. I yield. word "or." Mr. BROUSSARD. I merely desire to inquire whether the The amendment was agreed to. clause with reference to Schedule 5 is under tood to cover The PRESIDING OFFICER. The que tion i on the amend paragraph 503? ' ment as read. l\Ir. McCUMBER. It cowrs ernrything tbat pertains t o Tlle amE:'ndment was agreed to. sugar and molasse . Mr. McCUl\fRFJR. Mr. President, at this ·time I ask unani The PRESIDI~G OFFICER. The Chair will tate that the. e mous consent that when the Senate concludes its business on variou propositions have bet-n read to-day and will appear this calendar day it rece..;;s until to-morrow at 11 o'clock. in the RECORD. I there objection to the request of the Senator The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection? The. Chair from North Dakota that this tmanimous-con ent agreement be hears none. printed as a eparate sheet? Mr. l\fcCUl\1BER. 1\fr. President, I send to the desk a pro Mr. LENROOT. A parliamentary inquiry. posNl ubstitute for the unanimous-consent agreement proposed Tlle PHESIDING OFFICER. The Senator will state his this morning by the Senator from North Carolina [Mr. Snr inquiry. MO "S]; and in order that. we may be able to take them up in :Mr. LENROOT. Did the Senator reque t that. all t11e pro the morning, I ask that both the proposed unanimous-consent posed i:equests fot· unanimou consent be printed as separate agreement ofi'ered by the Senator from North Carolina and sheets"? this substitute may be printed as separate sheets. Mr. McOUM.BER. I make that requE:'st. There are only 1\fr. CURTIS. 1\fr. President, I want to ask the Senator if three of them. he does not think it would be wise to print al o the propo Mr. LENROOT. That i all right. sition submitted by the Senator from Wisconsin [Mr. LE~ l\Ir. SUU10XS. On behalf of the junior Senator from Utah ROOT]? [Mr. Kl.NG] I de:sire to offer and have pending for con 1dera Mr. 1\IcCUMBER. I will include that in the request for tiou several amendments to the pending bill, which I end to printing. the desk. Mr. POl\fFJRENE. Mr. Pre ident, I ask. for the information The PRESIDING OFFICER. They will ue re eived and Jie of Senator who are here, that the unanimous-con ent agree on the table. . ment which has just been submitted by the chairman of the 1\Ir. POMERENE. l\lr. Pre~ident, it so bappei;is that I have committee be read. a very important engagement on the 18th of August, and I Mr. 1\1cCU1\IBER. Very well, Mr. President, if th Senator would a little ha Ye preferred if, instead of fixing the 17th, it de~re . . had been one day earlier, or perhaps after the 18th; but I am The PRESIDIN·G OFFICER. The Secretary will read. not going to make any objE:'ction on that score. The Assistant Secretary read as follows : 1\Ir. 1\ cCUl\fBER. I made it one day earlier; that is, on the It is agreed by unanimous consent that not later than 10 o'clock 17th. a. m. on the calendar day of Thursday, Augm;;t 17, 1922, the Senate Mr. PO~H.: :RENE. I will have to leave on the evening of the shall vroceed to ;ote without further debate and to the exclusion of all other bu iness upon an:v amendment that may be pending, any 17th, but I am not going to make any objection on that score. amPndment that may be offered, any amendment that may be made Mr. LODGE. If we enter into the agreement, the Yote may relative thereto, and immediately thereafter upon the bill II. R. 7456, be taken before the Senator has to lea Ye. an act t.o provide revenue, etc., th1·ough the regular parliamentary stages to its final disposition. 1\lr. POMERENE. There may be a great many amendments That hereafter debate shall be confined to the queRtion before the and Toll call ·, and it may not be possible to get through ]Jy Seuate or to the blll itself, and no other business or inelevant ques that time. tion or motion sha.U be entertained except by unanimous consent. 'l' hat upon the conclu ion of the consideration of amendment to OATH OF NATIONAL B.A. "K DIBE .TOR . the schedule now before the Senat~ the Senate shall proceed to the con. ideration of amendments pending or hereafter to be offered to the Mr. McLEAl~. l\lr. Pre ident, I ask unanillloui:; con ent for follu\\iug paragraphs in the order named (the agreement heretofore the immediate con idera ti on of the bill ( S. 3 40) to amE:'nd sec ma de that com mittee amendments shall be fir t dispo ed of being tion 5147 of the Uevised :::;tatutes. hereli.v modified so far a s such agreement affect th€' e particular para graphs and amendments thereto), namely: l\1r. SMOOT. Will it lead to any diSCU'.' ion? "Paragraphs relative to ugar, Schedule 5. l\ir. l\lcLEAN. If it doe , I will certainly not pre-· its cou " l'a ragraphs r elative to potash and bounty thereon, being para sidera ti on. gra pbs Hi35 and 1636, and w}lite arsenic, paragraph 1. " Paragraphs relating to presidential powers (sections 315, 316, The PRES:(DING OFFICER. Is there objection? 317). l\lr. WALSH of Montana. Reser•'ing the right to object. I a k "Amenclment to TarilT Commission act. that the bill be read. "Paragraphs relating to hides, leather. boots, shoes, and leather goodR (paragraphs 1427-n, 1431, 1432, 1433, and 1435-a) ." Mr. McLEAN. I will explain the bill. Section 5147 of tile 1.'h:it during the consideration o! th'e aforementio.ned paragraphs no Re-\·ised Statutes provide that the directors of national banks Sena tor :,;hall . peak more than once nor longer than one hour upon any shall be sworn, but it docs not provide any officer before whom one of such raragraphs or more than once nor longer than one hour t1Je oath can be taken. Consequently, the director of a national upou any amendment th.ereto. . That upon the conclusion of amendments to aid paragraphs or if the bank who makes a false statement can not be held responsible, amendments to aid paragraphs shall not be concluded prior to that and the Comptroller of the Currency is very anxiou for tbat time, after the hour of 11 o'clock a.. m., Saturday, August 12 192~. no to be remedied. Thi bill is reported unanimously from the Sen ~ tor fihall speak mor than once nor longer than 15 minutes on any amendment 01· motion nOJ: more than 10 minute upon the bill. Committee on Banking and Currency. It pro•ide only that .AU que ti on of order under this agreement shall be decided by the the oaths may be taken before a notary public, or other officer pre,· iulng offi cer without debate. authorized t o administer oaths, and that a record ball be Mr. Mc Ul\IBER. I call the attention of the Senator from kept. North Carolina to the fact that this is exactly the same as l\Ir. HEFLIN. Is that the bill the Senator from ConnectlC'n t written by t11 e Senator, with the exception of the first para spoke to rue about yesterday? gravh on th second pnge, which seeks to limit the debate upon 1\Ir. 1\IcLEAN. That i the bill. tho.· ., eYeral paragraphs and amendments thereto, so tllat no Mr. HEFLIN. I have no objection. Senator can ~peak longer than one hour on any one of the The PRESIDL TG OFFIOER. Is there objection to tl.t e re amendments, or longer than one hour upon the bill it elf. I quest of the Senator from Connecticut for the pre, ent C'on submitted that becau ·e I thought we should take it into con ~deration of the bill? sideration to tbe end, if possible, of agreeing so that we migbt There being no objection, t he bill was con i(lered n in Com not run oYer to the 12th before we had fini bed those para mittee of the Whole, and it was r ead as follows : grn1ihs . Be it enacted, etc., That section 5147 of the Ilevisell Statutes is l\fr. SIMMONS. l\fr. Pr sident, I want to say to the Senator amended to read as follow, · from Xorth Dalrnt;1 Uiat i t does not require consideration on "SEC. 514-7. F.ach director. wlJ <' n appointen or elected, shall take an oath that he will, so far at! the duty devolves 011 him, diligently my part; I a c:cev t il at once. I am glad the Senator made and honestly administer t he affa irs of ~ uch as,C'lciation, anti will not

• 1922. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 10963 knowingly violate or willingly permit to be violated, any of the pro The stereotype mat or board ls a paper prodnc: that is use1l visions of this title, and that he is the owner in good faith, and· in it'I. printing newspapers. Instead of the regular stereotype plat(-', hi own right. of the number of shares of stock required by this titl':, ub. cribed by him, or standing in his name on the books of the associ which is taken from the type as it is set and from which the ation, and that the same is not hypothecated, or in any way pledged, newspapers are printed, a paper board of peculiar structure is as "ecurity for any loan or debt. The oath shall be taken before a used, and the impression taken from the type, anu that i use rPadlng matter than letter , numerals, or descriptive word , 25 can institution shall be given a monopoly of the sale of thi" per cpnt ad valorem. particular product. The amendment was agreed to. Newspaper associations throughout the country quite gener The next amendment was, on page 176, line 8, at the begin ally have protested against the imposition of this duty. uiu~ ·of the line, to insert the words ''.not specially provided l\.1r. CALDER. Mr. President-- for." o as to read: The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from l\Ion Booklet~, wholly or in chief value of paper, decorated in whole or in part by hand or by spraying, whether or not printed, not specially ta.n_a yield to the Senator from New York? provided for. 15 cents per pound. Mr. 'VALSH of l\fontana. I yield. The amendment was agreed to. Mr. CALDER. The Senator said that this is a monopoly. The next amendment was, on page 176, line 10, to strike out Do I understand that the process under discussion is covered by '26 ·· and to insert in lieu thereof" 40," so as to read: patent rights? All post cards (not including American views), plain, decorated, or Mr. WALSH of Montana. No; my understanding is that it • printed, except by lithographic process, 40 per cent ad valorem. is not patented, but it is manufactured by what representatives l\Ir. SMOOT. I move that "30" be substituted for "40." of the company say is a secret process. For a long time the The amentlment as modified was agreed to. American manufacturers have been endeavoring to determine The next amendment was, on age 176, line 18, to strike out the process of manufacture in Germany in the past, but with "20 " and insert in lieu thereof " 25," so as to read : out succes . These people in some way or other, as I said. views o! any landscape, scene, buildiiig, place, or locality in the have either appropriated the German process or have devised United States, on cardboard or paper, not thinner than eight one-thou a proce s of their own which is as effective as the German , and th, of 1 inch, by whatever process printed or produced, includiJ?-g process. those wholly or in part produced bv either lithographic or photogelann process (except show cards), occupYtng 35 square inches or less of sur l\Ir. CALDER. My understanding is that it i not a. patented face per view, bound or unbound, or in any other form, lo cents per process, but that anyone can engage in the business if they pound and 25 per cent ad valorem. learn how to do it. I have bad letters from numerous publica The amendment was agreed to. tions in my State, newspapers which use this commodity, stat The next amendment was, on page 176, line 20. to strike c:ut ing that they think the duty ought to be allowed. the following: "Christmas and other greeting cards, printed Mr. WALSH of Montana. I have before me letters or copie. lithographically or otherwise, or decorated in whole or in part of letters sent by various papers throughout the country; but by hand or by spraying, 30 per cent ad valorem," and to insert: of com·se things of that kind do not deceive the Senator from greeting cards and all other social and gift cards, including those in New York any more than they deceive me. We know how the form of folders and booklets, wholly or partly manufactured, with those things are secured. The newspaper associations are text or greeting, 45 per cent ad valorem ; without text or greeting, 30 against it. Individual newspapers say that they would like to per cent ad valorem. see the duty imposed. Some papers say so. The American The amendment was agreed to. Newspaper Association, for instance, have filed a protest against The next amendment was, on page 177, line 5, 1:>efore the words "per cent," to strike out tbe figures "23" and to insert this particular duty, from which I read as follows: The fl.ong, or dry mat, employed by many small new papers but "35," so as to make the paragraph read: seldom by the larger publications, is a sheet, composed largely of wood PAR. 1311. Photograph, autograph, scrap, post-curd, and postage products, used to convey the impression of the type to the stereotype stamp albums, and albums for phonograph records, wholly or partly metal used on the printing press. manufactured, 35 per cent ad valorem. The Underwood tarift'. provides a duty of 25 per cent ad valorem on dry mats, or $0.019275 per mat. ::\fr. SMOOT. I move that "30" be substituted -for "35." The Fordney Act, paragraph 1313, Schedule 13, provides a duty of 28 The amendment as modified was agreed to. per cent ad valorem, American valuation, of $0-.0504. · The next amendment was, on page 177, line 7, to strike out Th..=!re is but one American manufacturer of dr;v mats, the Wood Flong Corporation, of New York, whose present price is 18 cents per "'60" and to insert" 10 cents per pack and 20," so as to read: mat to all newspapers which use its mats exclusively in lots of 500 or PAR. 1312. Playlng cards, 10 cents per pack and 20 per cent ad \'alo more. Its p1·ice to occasional users is higher. During .June, 1921, its rem. pri

It is obvious that the .present duty .results in the 18-cent priae now We were strongly opposed to making a prohibitive tariff in their charged for the domestic mat. It is also obvious that every argumentJ.n ,favor and have ·so written you. We are not, however, opposed to a tn'VOl' of the free entry of newsprint and wood pulp applies equally to tariff giving the Wood Flong Co. sufficient protection, and we gladly the free entry of dry mats. withdra.w our previous statement, as it bas been shown that a higher .rate is nece. sary and that ·a higher rate ·will not work a hardship upon The question ·presented is one of policy. What policy is to be their customers, the daily J)apers of the United States. repre entef1 in this particular duty? Are we going to give a With kindest personal regards to yourself, I am, monopoly by the imposition of this duty to the American pro Yours Vel'J' truly, CHARLES II. FROST. ducer of this commodity? Of -course, if tt were open to proauc I have another letter from the Bergen Recora.; also one from tion anywhere-that is to say, if others might go into the 1 business and produce a competing article-the price might be the Perth Amboy Evening News and several others which I i·edueed, but the situatiOD, is as I have presented it. I can not shall not reaa.. I understand the price which the Wood Flong understand that there is any reason why a duty as high as Co. has been charging has been from 18 to 20 cents. I will read this should be imposed upon this mat. I propose accordingly an excerpt from a letter from the Waterbury Republican: I have never complained about dry mats. I found that when we what I think will give these people -ample protection against ·started to use them in September, 1917, the former discrepancy in foreign competitors and give the newspapers of the country an price between wet mats and finished dry mats had disappeared because, opportunity to get the thing at a fair price. I move that the while tissues and matrix paper bad jumped very much in price, your price on dry mats had apparently remained the same. From 1917 to rate in the amendment proposed by the committee of "35," in the peak of the price you raised the price of dry mats from about H: line 22, be reduced to "15." to about 20 cents, an increase of approximately 40 per cent. I do not Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. President, this schedule re- · know of any material or service used in the making of a newspaper which advanced in price less than this, with the possible exception of lates to a duty on dry mats, sometimes called the flong. It is a printing ink. species of pasteboard upon -which the imprint of the type is • I find that the latest blll we have from you, dated November 2, is taken 8-nd then it is stereotyped and forms a very efficient at 18 cents a mat, which represents an increase of less than 30 per cent over the price of the summer of 1917. I regard this as reasonable method for use ·by the smaller newspapers of the country for in view of the m<>derate increase that you made dul'ing the war and printing their papers. , postarmistice perlod, which was undoubtedly necessary, There is in this country an industry called the WoodFlong Co. Here is another bit of testimony from the Paterson (N. J.) I believe it is the only industry making these mats or matrices, Call, which was the first paper in the United States to use dry as they are called.' The bill as it passed the House gave them mats, and with many others paid 25 cents each for them : 28 -per cent on the American valuation. 1 asked the committee Our records show that our first shipment of dry mats was made on to increase that duty to ·50 per cent, because as to the two im '.May 3, 1911, and the price paid was 25 cents each. At that time the porters in this country importing these mab.'ices from Ger Call began the use of dry mats, and since then has never used w t mats. many the price was 11 cents as against 18 cents, the lowest In view of the present pxice of the Wood dry mat, the 25-cent price manufacturing sale cost of the Wood Flong Co. '.I:hat ·rate was which -we paid in 1911 seems high, but the fact that the Call never placed in the bill Then I received a protest .from certain of discontinued the dry mat since the start proves that we considered it profitable to use, even at 25 cents. the newspapers in my State, who said that tney thought the Our present price is, therefore, 7 cents lower than the price charged duty was too high. I asked then that it be reduced to 35 by the Ger.mans when in sole control of the American market. • per cent, although I felt that if German importe1'8 were allowed In other words, when the Germans had e.n absolute monopoly to have full swing at the market it would simply mean that of this market they charged 7 cents higher for mats than this the American industry would be destroyed. American industry which has been established here and which The president of this company called to see me and told me is furnishing the newspapers with this :necessity: The price that the newspapers in lllY State aid not understand the situ of 25 cents which the Call _pajft when the Germans had a mo ation ; that if the industry was not properly .Protected it .would nopoly was 7 cents ..higher than the price now paid. simply rnean that the smaller American newspapers would be Mr. W .A.LSH of Montana. Mr. President-- at the mercy of the importers, and that they could not afford Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I yield to the Senator from to make these mats in this country for that price. I get my Montana.. . figures as to the imported cost .from the J>roce.ss made by the Mr. WA'LSH of Montana. The Senator from New Jersey has American Newspaper Publishers' Association. called our attention to what the Germans did when they had Mr. SIMMONS. Mr. President-- a monopoly of the market. Of course, it illustrates the evils Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I shall he very glad to yield to the of monopoly. Does not the Senator think that the American Senator when I finish my speech, unless the Senator wishes to manufacturer will do exactly the same thing 1f he secures a ask a question. monopoly? Mr. SIM.MONS. I siJ::r\ply wish to ask the Senator if he has .Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I do not, Mr. President. any information which he could furnish the Senate as to the Mr. W .ALSH of Montana. I am .glad to find such sublime capitalization and profits made by the corporation. I am ad confidence in the American producer as that exhibited by the vised that they are making great profits. Senator from New Jersey. 1\ir. FRELINGHUYSEN. I have not. I am interested in Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I have always sublime confidence the princi:PI.e of protecting an American industry and I have in the fairness of American industry; and I also have confi not looked into the question of profits. I have looked into the dence in the fact that if we furnish protection, establish an EJ.Uestion of the production costs of the two articles, the Ger American industry~ and control the market competition will man article and the American article. exist here; and it will be a healthy American competition and I told the president of this corporation that if he could not an unhealthy European competition. satisfy his customers that it was proper to have a duty of The Senate may reduce this Tate if it so wishes, but 35 per cent this character and would succeed in inducing tho e who pur is an equalization between the import price and the present chase bis products to support the duty, ll, too, would support it. domestic selling price, which is lower by about 7 cents than I have heard from gne paper that was very vigorous in its the price which. the Germans formerly charged. I asked for a protests against the 50 per cent rate. I baYe received from 50 per cent duty, but the committee reduced it to 35 per cent. New .Jersey .a number of letters, a ·dozen or more from news These newspapers using this product support the 50 per cent papers, all of the same purport. I have une from the Courier ad valorem rate; but the committee saw fit not to raise it, News, of Plainfield, N. J., a very prosperous paper. The letter although I appealed to them to do so on the basis of the comes from the owner, and in it he says: figures; but most certainly it will .not be fair to this American On further consideration ano consultation with others on the dry corporation to reduce the rate below 35 per cent. That rate mat schedule, concernlng which we have previously written you, we is fair; it will protect an American industry; and it has not think it only fair to you and the .manufacturers of dry mats that we been shown that it will create a monopoly. Most certainly .if notify you of a change in our viewpoint. The Wood Flong Co. ts the onlr, maker of these mats tn the United States at present. With a there is such great profit in this business other concerns will tanlf providing sufficient protection to encourage profitable manufac spring up under this protection, but surely it is not an argu ture there would be others in this field. The mat~matrix or fiong ment to say that we are protecting an American monopoly is a peculiar composition of wood pulp, tissues, and various other sub stances united by a process which has taken man;v years to devise against a German monopoly. and to perfect. This is not a cardboard product, which ls the cheapest Mr. HARRIS. Mr. President, the Senator from New .Jersey form of paper making, but is the result ot a complex and experu!ive has stated tliat a German monopoly controlled this commodity process and is prnduced for one purpose only. The dry mat is the onl,y real advance in the process ot stereotyping made since stereo before one American company entered upon its manufacture. typlng was invented in the euly fifties. If, therefore the Wood That is true, but the American company, which is a monopoly, Flong Co. can not produce a mat at the very cheap rate at which has under the existing 25 per cent rate been able to drive the German labor can produce a stereotype mat, we would think it only fair that sufficient protection be given the Wood Flong Co. until they German monopoly practically out of business in this country. have attained such eeonomy of production as they feel will enable Now, this one corporation, a monopoly, supplies 350 newspapers, them to successfully hold their home trade. which ha,ve .gone to considerable expen e on the promise that '])heirs iA a new industry in our country. It will always employ a good cla s of Rkilled labor. It is a productive .and essential enter they may ·have dry mat at a certain price; 350 newspapers priFe making a nece . ity of daily life. have gone to that expense, and tlle one American company has 1922. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. • 10965 practically shut out the German competition. Now, after get controversy over the tariff. I have here an item, 1313, repre ting these 350 papers to go to that expense, this company wants senting a shipment of 1,000 sheets of stereotype matrices or to get the present rate increased and then increase the p1ice boards. The figtues show a foreign cost of $82.60 ; landing to the publishers. charges, $1.50 ; selling price of the imported article, $120. '.rhe I had a letter from Mr. Wood, the president of the company, selling price of tl1e comparable domestic article is $200. So J08 as otµer Senators did, which was misleading. -Evidently he per cent would be required to equalize the difference; and yet I tried to deceive us. I quote from his letter as follows : have shown by the testimony of the Paterson, N. J., Call thnt It will be necessary for upward of 350 newspapers that now use the Wood Flong Co., this great monopoly, employing American our dry mats exclusively for all work to entirely reequip their plants labor, asking for protection against German competition, nre at great expense and to largely increase their consumption of print paper by returning· to the old wet-mat pl'Ocess. selling their mats to the Paterson Call at 7 cents les than Ger The following are Georgia newspapers which already depend upon many ·old them for when they had control of the market, and 15 dry mats and will suffer- cents less than Germany i willing to sell them for now. N otice the word "suffer"- On the basis of the record, on the basis of the comparative if the altogether inadequate 35 per · cent rate recommended by the production costs, a rate of 50 per cent is justified, and 35 per Finance Committee is not increased to 50 per cent- cent is too low. The committee, howe\er, has made that rate. Although he has built up a complete monopoly on a 25 per and of course it has been reported to the Senate. It should not cent duty. be reduced below that :figure in all fairness to this American Then be names the Georgia newspaper \Yhich will be injured industry. if the rate is not increa ed. l\Ir. SB.fllIOXS. l\Ir. President, I want to say to the Senator l\Ir. President, the Georgia new papers, without my writing from New J"ersey [l\Ir. FRE~GHUTSE:K] and to other Senator.: them, heard of the propaganda of this corporation, and many that if we want further to strengthen and fortify the monop of them wrote me. I will quote from the letters of some of the olies that have gro-wn up under the present tariff rate and to editors and owners of papers which this man had already allow them further to advance their prices, the way to do it i written me were very much interested and would suffer if the to ,-ote for this committee amendment. rate was not increased. The first is from Mr. R. L. l\1cKenney, SEYERAL SENATORS. Question! owner and editor of the l\lacon :News, one of the papers men The PRESIDIXG OFFICER. The question is on tbe amend tioned by Mr. Wood: ment-- THl!l MACON NEWS, l\Ir. Sll\lMO:KS. l\Ir. Pre ident, I haYe not quite :finjshed. · Macon, Ua., Jiily 5, 192:2. Hon. w. J. HARRIS, The PRESIDI~G OFFICER. The Chair was under the im United States Senate, Wasld11gto11, D. C. pres ion that the Senator had concluded. DEAU SENATOR HARRIS: It ha been called to my attention that the Mr. Sil\Il\10XS. It does seem to be out of order for anybody Woorl-Flong Corporation are still pursuing their efforts to get a high to oppo e protection asked by the distingui hed Senator from tariff placed on imported mat., and that a communication has been addreissed to the United States Senators, naming a number of news New Jersey for industries in his State. It was out of order in papers who are using their product, and that the importance of the the committee, I understand; and while the Senator got on the h11!.'h tariff being placed on foreign mats was ''in the interest of these committee rather late, he ucceeded in getting on the protected new~papers." This letter is simply written for the purpo e of reiterating my former li t about every industry in his State that was not already position rel!arding tariff on foreign mats, a· I feel that they should be on it, and practically every one that was on it got it protection placed on the free list, if possible. increased. He is a very inclu:~ trious and a Yer~' persistent Sena I al ·o quote from the letter of the editor of the Macon Tele tor. Next to the Senator from Idaho [Mr. GOODING] he i<; graph another paper which l\1r. Wood said would suffer if the probably the rankest protectionist in this body. I think the rate of duty was not inrrea. ·ed : Committee on Finance found that out after he became a mem· I feel that the Wood Flong people are endeavoring to build up a ber of it. We haw been protecting pr.actically ewrything in monopoly in this country, and if they can protect their industry with the tariff that is already prohibith·e, as a newspaper publil:;her I am in New Jer ey; and I think right here. at the close of the pro favor of going out of business, as far as dry mats are concerned. The tective provisions of thi · bill. we might give some little con Wood Flong product i no better than the imported mat, and if we sideration to the question of whether we should further ad afford them the protection they want, it means the newspapers in this vance the rate in favor of this admitted monopoly-a monopoly country will be compelled to pay from 4 cents to 6 cents more than these mat are actually worth. I desire to enter my protest again t any addi that we can not find out anythiug about. It is about the closest tional tariff <>ll these mats. mouthed monopoly in the Unitecl States. The Tariff Commis In addition to the effort!'! these people have made to intluence Congress sion repared wood pulp the duty pr.oposed by· the committee. to which American producers are in the slightest danger from The manufacturers of wood pulp in this country. were demanding any European competition, as shown by the actual figures, that duty. They were- insisting upon that protection; and yet, whereve1· there are any imports at all. We have not any in Mr. President, what we did yesterday was to say that the news formation whatever with respect to the imports of this par papers of this country are performing a great p ·~blic service; ticular commodity, whether they are increasing or whether that they are the agent& for the dissemination of information they are decreasing, whether they even exist or do not exist. in this country; that they are the- greatest single educational Upon what basis does the Senator assert, as he has asserted fo1·ce in the United States to-day; and that they ought not to upon this floor, that this industry must perish unless it get a be fettered with high cos.ts of their raw materials or their neces duty of 50 per cent? The manufacture of this particular paper sary equipment. That has been the policy of this Congress and product is practically the same as the manufacture of other of every former Congress of which I have- been a Member. It paper products, of cardboard, of box ~aper, of wall board, and is a policy to which I largely suhscribe. If there is one thing of all the various kinds of paper, with reference to which the in this world upon which I would not impose a protective duty, .American producer seems to have· no difficulty whatever in. com it is- the instrumentalities of information and intelligence and peting with the German producer or with the producer any the dissemination. of thought. · where in the world. What does he say about it? Let me call Mr. FRELL~GHUYSEN. n-Ir. President-- your attention· to bis brief. Mr. Wood_ appeared before the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from North committee but practically submjtted a· brief in which he aid Carolina yield to the Senator from New Jersey? as follows: MI SIMMONS. I shall be through in one second. The s.e!llng: price of our dry mat to newspapers is 20 cents per mat, or sheet, and with present costs of labor and materials it has been most Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I want to ask the Senato1· a ' difficult for us to maintain this pr-ice. question. That is all he said ab-Out what. it coBt him to produce a mat Mr. Sll\IMONS. Mr. President, while refusing protection to which he sells for 20 cents. But he gi'les us this further the many manufacturers o.1: pulp in.• this country, to the many information : manufacturers of chemical pulp in. this country, to the· manu An investigation recently mnde in Germany shows that the export facturers of paper in this country, in the interest of the press value of dry. mats or tloJJgs is plac,ed at. the equivalent of 25 cents of the country and: in the interest of cheaper news and cheaper United States money per square meter under the German law. A. distribution of intelligence, Shall. finally bow the knee to a square meter of this material provides three tlongs ot newspaper page we size. single corporation located in the great State of New Jersey, the breedin.g: place. ot the trnsts of the. "Urnited States? Shall we He said further : knee to will The- Germans have offered and are offering in their efforts to destroy bow the that corimration and· say : " We- make you. us dry· mats for as low as 8 cents eachh with the result that unl s the single and only. exception to· the general policy of the Con proper protection is afforded us under t e tariff measure now under gress"? consideration we' will soon be forced out of business,. Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. President, I should like to ask Bear in mind, the expol't p1ice of the mat in Germany is 25. the Senator a questioni cents, and he sells. the mat in this; country for: 20 cents, but be Mr. SIMMONS. The Senator can ask it. says the Germa~s· are dumping this product orr the market and Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Th& Senator spoke of the great selling it for less than the German cost of production. But, benefit;! to th.ei public of these newspapers, and' stated that news oft course, that is a case which should' be· taken care of by a print pape1• was free andrwood pulp· was f1·ee. Did' the Senator dumping clause. vote-, for the 25 per cent> duty imposed on this· p1·oduct in the l~Il·. FRELINGHUYSEN. The statement the Senator has Underwood tariff. bill? made is in conflict with the hrief of the American Newspaper Mr. SIMMON& I presume I did, Mr. President; and when r Publishers' Association, who oppose this duty. did it I made a very. great mistake, as I have discovered now. Mr. WALSH of Montana. r can not help tliat. It was not a monopofy then, as it is now; and• I will say, with Mr. FRELINGHUYSE.l~. The .American Newspaper Publish the consent of the Senator, another tliing. There arei a great ers' Association say that the selling cost in tliis country, plue manyi duties in the• Underwood bill that experience has shown the duty, is 14 cents. were very mucli. too high. They were-higher than were neces- Mr. WALSH of Montana. I am reading from Mr. Wood's 11ary, and1thi.Ef is one thurwas higher than necessary, because in brief. 13 yea.rs it has bred a trust and a monopoly in this-·country: Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. ram :reading from the brief of. the l\ft. FREnINGHUYSEN. Mr. President, when the Senator .American NewBI!aper Publishers' Association dated' March 16, voted for· that duty, recognizing that an· industry in this country 1922. should' be•proteuted, the markdn.Germany was worth 23.8 centsi. 1\fr. W ALSH1of Montana. I am trying to tell the Senat

?.Ir. PO:L\1ERENE. Mr. President, it has been stated on the NOT VOTING-52. one side that the newspapers generally were opposed to this Ball Fernald McKellar Smith Borah Fletcher McKinley Stanley increase in the duty on mats. On the other side of the Cham Brandegee France McLean Sutherland ber it has been urged that the newspapers insist upon it. I can Capper Gerry Moses Swanson only speak for the newspapers in my own State from which I Caraway Glass Myers Townsend Colt Harreld Nelson Trammell ha>e heard, and without exception they are protesting against Culberson Hitchcock Newberry Underwood this increase in this rate, and I have had no communications Dial Johnson Norris Wadsworth to the contrary from that State. Every one of them is insisting, Dillingham Kellogg Owen Warren du Pont King Page Watson, Ga. just as the Senator from Montana and the Senator from North Edking:e s Ladd Poindexter Watson, Ind. Carolina have been urging, that this one firm at the present time El La Follette Reed Weller has a complete monopoly of the production of these mats in Ernst McCormick Shields Williams this country, and it seems to me that anyone coming here and The PRESIDING OFFICER. On this question the yeas are asking a gratuity from the Congress of the United States 16, and the nays are 27. There is not a quorum present. The ought to be a little more liberal in the giving of information Secretary will call the roll. ! with respect to his business to the Congress so that they can The reading clerk called the roll, and the following Senators act intelligently upon it. answered to their nall!es : . l\!r. WALSH of Montana. I have given the Senate practically .Ashurst Harrison Norbeck: Simmons all the information that was given to us by Mr. Wood. Broussard Hefiin Odille Smoot Bursum · J"ones, N. Mex. Overman Spencer In order to be entirely fair about the matter, I am going to Calder .Tones, Wash. Pepper Stanfield withdraw the amendment which I proposed anti subEtitute Cameron Kendrick Phipps Sterling therefor " 25 per cent," the present rate. Cummins Keyes Pittman Trammell Curtis Lenroot Pomerene Walsh, Mass. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. JONES of Washington in Fel'Dald Lodge Ransdell Walsh, Mont. the chair) . The question is on agreeing to the amendment Frelinghuysen Mccumber Rawson Willis offered by the Senator from Montana to the committee amend Gooding McNary Robinson Hale New Sheppard ment. Harris Nicholson Shortridge Mr. WALSH of Montana. On that I ask for the yeas and nays. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Forty-five Senators have an '.l,:he yeas and nays were ordered, and the reading clerk pro- swered to their names. A quorum is not present. The Secre ceeded to call the roll. · tary will call the roll of absentees. .Mr. HALE {when his name was called). Making the same The reading clerk called the names of absent Senators, and announcement as before, I vote "nay." Mr. BORAH answered to his name when called. .Mr. LODGE {when his name was called). I transfer my Mr. FLETCHER and Mr. CAPPER entered the Chamber and an pair with the senior Senator from Alabama [Mr. UNDERWOOD] swered to their names. to the senior Senator from New York [Mr. WADS WORTH], and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Forty-eight Senators have an vote "nay." swered to their names. A quorum is present. The Secretary Mr. McCUMBER (when his name was called). I transfer my will call the roll on the question of agi·eeing to the amendment general pair with the junior Senator from Utah [Mr. KING] of the Senator from Montana [Mr. W A.LSH] to the amendment to the junior Senator from Washington [Mr. POINDEXTER], of the committee. • and vote " nay." The reading clerk proceeded to call the roll. Mr. NEW (when his name was called). I transfer my pair Mr. FLETCHER (when his name was called). I have a with the junior Senator from Tennessee [Mr. McKELL.A:&] to general pair with the senior Senator from Delaware [Mr. BALL], the junior Senator from Vermont [Mr. PAGE], and vote "nay." who is.. bsent at this time. I am unable to obtain a transfer l\Ir. OVERMAN (when his name was called). I transfer my and therefore unable to vote. If privileged to vote, I would pair with the senior Senator from Wyoming [l\fr. WARREN], vote "yea." who is absent on account of sickness in his family, to the senior Mr. HALE (when his name was called). Ma1."ing the same Senator from Virginia [Mr. SWANSON], and vote" yea.'' announcement as before, I vote " nay.'~ Mr. ROBINSON {when his name was called). I transfer Mr. HARRISON (when his name was called). Making the my pair with the Senator from West Virginia [Mr. SUTHER same announcement as befor-e, I vote "yea." LAND] to the Senator from Missouri [Mr. REED], and vote Mr. KENDRICK (when his name was called). Making the "yea." same announcement as to the transfer of my pair, I vote" yea." 1\Ir. Sil\fMONS (when his name was called). I transfer my Mr. LODGE (when his name was called). Making the same pair with the junior Senator from Minnesota [Mr. KELLOGG] announcement as to the transfer of my pair as on the last vote, to the junior Senator from Rhode Island [Mr. GERRY], and vote I vote " nay." "yea." Mr. McCUMBER (when his name was called). Making the The roll call was concluded. same transfer of my pair as before, I vote "nay.'' l\Ir. KEThTDRICK. I have a general pair with the Senator Mr. NEW (when his name was called). Repeating the an from Illinois [Mr. 1\IcCoRMICK], which I transfer to the Sen nouncement of the transfer of my pair, I vote "nay.'' . ator from 1\Iontana [Mr. MTEJlS], and vote "yea." Mr. OVERMAN (when his name was called) Announcing Mr. HARRISON. I transfer my general pair with the junior as before my pair and transfer, I vote "yea." Senator from West Virginia [l\fr. ELKINS] to the senior Sen Mr. STERLING (when his name was called). Making the ator from Texas [Mr. CULBERSON], and vote " yea." same announcement as before, I vote " nai." Mr. STERLING. I transfer my pair with the Senator from Mr. TRAMMELL (when his name was called). I transfer South Carolina [Mr. SMITH] to the Senator from Maryland my pair with the senior Senator from Rhode Island [Mr. COLT] [Mr. FRANCE], and vote " yea." to the senior Senator from Nebraska [Mr. • HITCHCOCK] and )\Ir. TRAMMELL. My pair, the senior Senator from Rhode vote" yea." Island [Mr. CoLT], is absent, and being unable to obtain a trans The roll call was concluded. fer, I withhold my vote. If permitted to vote, I would vote Mr. ROBINSON. Announci.J?g the same transfer of my pair "yea." as on the last vote, I vote " nay.'' Mr. JONES of New Mexico (after having voted in the affirm~ Mr. SIM1\10NS (after having voted in the affirmative). I ath7e). The Senator from Maine [Mr. FERNALD] has not voted. wish to announce the transfer of my pair with the Senator from I transfer my general pair with that Senator to the Senator Minnesota [l\I.r. KELLooo] to the Senator from Rhode Island from Nebraska [Mr. HITCHCOCK] and allow my vote to stand. [Mr. GERRY] and allow my vote to stand. The roll call resulted-yeas 16, nays 27, as follows: Mr. CARAWAY. I have a general pair with the junior Sen YEAS-16. ator from Illinois [Mr. McKINLEY]. He is absent. I am un .Ashurst Jones, N. Mex. Pittman Sheppard able to obtain a transfer and therefore refrain from voting . Hanis Jones, Wash. Pomerene Simmons Mr. CURTIS. I wish to announce the following pairs: Harrison Kend11ck Ransdell Walsh, Mass. The Senator from Michigan [Mr. TOWNSEND] with the Senator Hefiln Overman Robinson Walsh, Mont. from South Carolina [Mr. DIAL]; NAYS-27. The Senator from Vermont [Mr. DILLINGHAM] with the Sen Brou sard Gooding. New Sh<>rtrtdge Bursum Hale Nicholson Smoot ator from Virginia [Mr. GLASS] ; Calder Keyes Norbeck Spencer The Senator from New Jersey [Mr. EDGE] with the Senator Cameron Lenroot Oddie Stanfield from Oklahoma [Mr. OWEN]; Cummins Lodge PeJ?per Stei·Ung Curtis Mc Cumber Phipps Willis The junior Senator from Kentucky [Mr. ERNST] with the Frelinghuysen McNary Rawson senior Senator from Kentucky [Mr. STANLEY} ; 10968 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. AUGUST 4,

The Senator from California [Mr. JOHNSON] with the· Sen The bill ( S. 3889) to establish the Federal court of concilia ator from Georgia [Mr. WATSON]; and tion was read twice by its title and referrecl to the Committee The Senator from Indiana [Mr. WATSON] with the Senator on the Judiciary; and it was ordered to be printed in the from Mississippi [Mr. WILLIA.MS]. RECORD in 8 ~point type, as follows : The roll call resulted-yeas 18, nays 28, as follows: Be it enacted, etc., That there is hereby established a Federal YEAS-18. court of conciliation (hereafter referred to as the court), to Ashurst Jones, N. Mex. Pomerene Trammell consist of three judges, to be appointed by the President by Borah Jones, Wash. Ransdell Walsh, Mass. and with the advice and consent of the Senate; one of whom Harris Kendrick Robinson Walsh, Mont. Harrison 0-verman Sheppard shall be designated by the Presidept as presiding judge; euch of Heflin Pittman Simmons whom shall possess the same qualifications as are or may be NAYS-28. required by law of judges of the United States dist rict court, Broussard Frelinghuysen McNary Rawson· except as to residence; hold their office during good behavior Bursum Gooding New Shortridge Calder Hale Nicholson Smoot and receive the same compensation. Cameron Keyes Norbeck Spencer SEc. 2. The court shall sit at such places in the United ·states Capper Lenroot Oddie ' Stanfield as may by it be determined or at which the court may be called Curtis Lodge Pepper Sterling Fernald Mccumber Phipps Willis to sit by the President of the United States. NOT VOTING-49. SEC. 3. The court shall have jurisdiction to hear and de Ball France McLean Sutherland termine controversies or disputes affecting the operation of Bran

Resolved, That the Secretary of .Agriculture be, and he ls hereby, IOWA. authorized and directed to include in his Septemoor 1 cotton report an estimate of the acreage of cotton abandoned since .:Tune 2.5 np . to Harry L. Emerson !f:o be postmaster at Kenwood Park, Iowa. August 25, 1922, and the acreage remaining in cultivation on the last Office became presidential April l, 1920. named date. Freda L. Thompson to b-e postmaster at Oto, Iowa. Office EXECUTIVE SESSION. became presidential April 1, 1922. l\Ir. uURTIS. I move that the Senate iU"OCeed to the con 'Tibbals G. 'White to be postmaster at :University Park, Iowa. sideration of executh·e business. Office became presidential July 1, 1922. The motion was agreed to.; and the Senate proceeded to the KANSAS. consideration of executive business. After five minutes spent in executive session, the doors were reopened; and (at 6 o'clock Anna E. Waterman to be postmaster at Healy, Kans. Office and 20 minutes p. m.) the Senate, under the order previously became presidential July 1, 1922. made, took a recess until to-morrow, Saturday, August 5, '1922, Thomas G . .Armour to be postmaster at Hutchiru;on, Kans., at 11 o'clock a. m. in place of S. S. Graybill, resigned. KENTUCKY. NOMINATIONS. Hiram H. Braden to be postmaster ut Blue Diamond, Ky. E :rccutire 1wniinatio11s receivea b11 the Senate August 4 (legisla- Office became presidential July 1, 1921. tive day of A.1tyust '3). 1922. MASSACHUSETTS. AGENT BEFORE THE ARBITB.AL TRIBUNAL. Albert H. Holoway to be postmaster at Bournedale, l\lass. Fred K. Tielsen, of Nebraska, now Solicitor for the Depart- Office became presidential January l, 1922. ment of State, to be agent~ the United States before the Grace G. Kempton to be postmaster at Farnumsvme, Mass. arbitral tribunal constituted under ·the special agreement of the Office became presidential July 1, 1922. 18th of August, 1910, between the United States and Great Annie F. Corcoran to be postmaster at North Oxford, Mass. Britain for the arbitration of 01.1tstanCling pecuniary claims in Office became presidential July 1, 1922. accordance ·with the provisions 1of ihat ·agreement and of -the Molly A. Gilman to be posbnaster at Allerton, Mass., in place convention of The Hague ,of the 18th of ·Octobei:, 1907., for the of M. A. Gilman. [ncumbent's commission expired Mav 20 specific settlement of international disputes. 1922. • ' MICHIGAN. lUBrnER OF THE FEDERAL FARM Lo.AN BoARD. John R. Guill, jr., of California, to be a member of the Federal Minnie McGuineas to be postmaster at Elberta, Mich. -Office Farm Loan Board, \ice William H. Jo_yce, resigned. became presidential April 1, 1922. UNITED STATES ATTORNEY. .MINNESOTA. D. Q. Morrow, of Ohio, to be U.ni.ted States attorney, southern Nettie Layng to be postmaster ·at Bruno, Minn. Office became di trict of Ohio, vice Thomas H. Morrow, appointed by court. presidential July 1, 1921. APPOIN1'MENTS IN THE REGULAR ARMY. Jennie L. Phillips to be postmaster at Clear Water, Minn. 0..ffice became presidential January 1, 1921. QUARTERM.:A.-STER CORPS. William H. Wright to be postmaster at Montrose, .l\Iinn. :ro be major general. Offi.~e became ;presidential April 1, 1921. Col. William H. Hart, Quartermaster Corj)s, to be quarter Chapin .A. Farnham to be postmaster at Rockford, Minn. ma ter general :for a ·peried ·of four ·years from date af accept Office became presidential J'anuary 1, 1921. ance, with Tank of major general, from August 28, 1922, \ice Claire M. Peterson to be -postmaster at Stanchfield, Minn. Maj. Gen. Harry L. Rogers, Quartermaster Genera1, whose term Office became presidential April 1, 1921. of office will expire on August 27, 1922. Charles Olson to be postmaster at Stu.r.geon Lake Minn. Office been.me presidential January 1, 1.921. ' ADJUTANT GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. Maggie N. Halgren to be postmaster at Wahkon, Minn. Office To be brigadier !f!6neral. became ,p-residential April 1, 1921. Col. .Benjamin Alvord, Adjutant General's Department, to be Emory B. Linsley .to be postma ter at Willow River, Minn. asrlistant The Adjutant General far a ,period of four ye_ars Office became presidential .A;pril l, 1921. . genel:~ from .date of ,acceptance, with ,th-e rrank of brigadier NEW JERSEY. from August 16, 1922, vice Brig. Gen. James T. Ken, .Adjutant General's Depai:tment, to be retired from ,active service .August Henry C. Straight to be postmaster a.t l\Iorsemere, N. J . 15, 1922. Office became 'Presidential April 1, "1922. POSTMASTERS. Ada E. Holmes to be :postmaster at Sayreville, N. J., in place ALA.BcAMA. of •.r. F. Dolan, Teme.rved. Addie 1\1. 'Cannon to ·be _postmaster at l\lount Ve.rnon, Ala. NEW YORK. Office became presidential July 1, 1922. Arthur N. Fero to be postmaster at Esperance, N. Y. Office . ARIZONA. became ~sidential .July 1, "1921. · Cathe1·ine T. Dupen to be postmaster at Warren, .A.riz., 'in Francis .E. .San Jule to be postmaster at l!ogan burg, N. Y. i1., .1922. place of J. 1\1. Byrns, resigned. Office became presidential July Alexander Hie~ to be postmaster at St. BonaventUl'e, N. Y. CALIFORNIA. Office became presidential Ju1y 1, 1922. Raymond P. Hawkins to be ,Postmaster at Allegheny, .aJ.if. Corll9lius J. Carey to be postmaster at Newman, N. Y., in Office became presid~tial July 1, 1922. place of A. W. Wells. Ineumbent's commission expired July Frederic W. Stahler to be postmaster at Yorba Linda, Calif., 21, 1921. in place of "E. R. West, resigned. William H. Young to be postmaster at -Voorheesville, N. Y. COLOB-.ADO. in place of F. l\I. Joslin, declined. ' William S. Elwyn to be postmaster at Woodstock, N. ¥., in Robert B. Kerr to be postmaster at StoningtQn, -CoJo. Offi.C'e place of C. M. Park. removed. became presidential July 1, 1922. NORTH CA.RODINA.. CONNECTICUT. Thomas R. Hundley to be postmaster-at Draper, 'N. C. Office John E. O'Clare .to be postmaster at No.r.th Grosvenor Dale, became presidential April 1, 1920. Conn., in place of C. A. Bonin, resigned. Forney L. Abern~thy to he po. tmaster at Mount Holly, N. C., FLOim>A.; in place of. R. P. G11rdner, re igned. Edward Roberts to be postmaster at ·Odessa, Fla. 0.ffice Simon S. Strother to be ,postmaster at Stantonsburg, N. C., became presidential .April 1, 1921. in place of L. D. WilliamS; rR~igned.

IL~OIS. OKLAHOMA. ' John R. Scroggin to be postmaster at Gardner, Ill., in place Thomas J. McNMly to be postmast-er at Goltry, Okla. O.tlrce of L. G. Horrie. Incumbent's commission expired February 4, became presidential April 1, 1921. 1922. Governor Everidge to be postmaster at Fort Towson, Ok.la. Albert W~iland to 1be postmaster at Peru, Ill., in place of in place of John Huskey. Incmnbent's commission. expired G.

OREGON. NEW MEXICO. Drusilla M. Crance to be postmaster at Oornelius, Oreg. Office John A. Dickson, Fort Bayard. became presidential January 1, 1921. NEW YORK. PENNSYLVANIA. Earl W. Kostenbader, Groton. Frank Sh11pp to be postmaster at Shillington, Pa. Office · George A. Gardner, Newfield. became presidential January 1, 1921. I saac L. Shilling to be postmaster at Reedsville, Pa., in place NOB.TH DAKOTA. of .Tohn C. Werts. Incumbent's commission expired January 24, William S. Hancock, Edgeley. 1922. . OHIO. RHODE ISLAND. Hilda S. Murray to be postmaster at Centerville, R. I. Office Brice H. Murphy, Maynard. became presitlential January 1, 1921. PENNSYLVANIA. SOUTH DAKOTA. Thomas V. Diffendafer, Millerstown. Hoyt S. Gartley to be :postmaster at Nisland, S. Dak. Office Frank T. Stiner, Moylan. became presidential July 1, 1920. Charles F. De Labar, Riegelsville. TEXAS. Louis 0. Mellinger, Slickville. Art E. Frieze to be postmaster at Silverton, Tex., in place of E. L. CoITart, resigned. WITHDRAWALS. Ralph H. Kelly to be postmaster at Stanton, Tex., in place of L. H. Salter, resigned. Executive norninations withdrawn from the Senate A1igust 4 VIRGINIA. (legis"lati'L'e day of August 3), 1922. James K. Carter to be postmaster at Clinchport, Va. Office PROMOTION IN THE NAVY. became presidential January 1, 1921. Ensign Rene F. A. Bucholz to be a lieutenant (junior grade) Louise J. Nottingham to be postmaster at Eastville, Va., in in the Navy, from the 7th day of June, 1922. place of R. P. Custis, declined. Annie G. Smith to be postmaster at Purcellville, Va., in place POSTMASTER. of Eugene Monroe. Incumbent's commission expired January James S. Young to be postmaster at Reedsville, in the State 24, 1922. of Pennsylvania. WISCONSIN. Winford Suits to be postmaster at Medford, Wis., in place of Franz Markus. Incumbent's commission expired January 24, SENATE. 1922. WYOMING. SATURDAY, August 5, 1922. Thomas B. Wright to be postmaster at Riverton, Wyo., in (Legislative day of Thursday, August 3, 192~.) place of Nellie Gilbert, resigned. The Senate met at 11 o'clock a. m.: on the expiration of the James C. Hnrtt to be postmaster at Sundance, Wyo., in place recess. of H. 1\1. Brown. Incumbent's commission expired June 3, Mr. McCUMBER. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent 1922. that when the Senate closes its session on this calen