Masterarbeit / Master's Thesis
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Journal of Arts & Humanities
Journal of Arts & Humanities Volume 07, Issue 11, 2018: 58-67 Article Received: 06-09-2018 Accepted: 02-10-2018 Available Online: 23-11-2018 ISSN: 2167-9045 (Print), 2167-9053 (Online) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/journal.v7i10.1491 Pioneering a Pop Musical Idiom: Fifty Years of the Benga Lyrics 1 in Kenya Joseph Muleka2 ABSTRACT Since the fifties, Kenya and Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) have exchanged cultural practices, particularly music and dance styles and dress fashions. This has mainly been through the artistes who have been crisscrossing between the two countries. So, when the Benga musical style developed in the sixties hitting the roof in the seventies and the eighties, contestations began over whether its source was Kenya or DRC. Indeed, it often happens that after a musical style is established in a primary source, it finds accommodation in other secondary places, which may compete with the originators in appropriating the style, sometimes even becoming more committed to it than the actual primary originators. This then begins to raise debates on the actual origin and/or ownership of the form. In situations where music artistes keep shuttling between the countries or regions like the Kenya and DRC case, the actual origin and/or ownership of a given musical practice can be quite blurred. This is perhaps what could be said about the Benga musical style. This paper attempts to trace the origins of the Benga music to the present in an effort to gain clarity on a debate that has for a long time engaged music pundits and scholars. -
“Disco Dreads”
“Disco Dreads” Self-fashioning through Consumption in Uganda’s Hip Hop Scene Image-making, Branding and Belonging in Fragile Sites Simran Singh Department of Music, Royal Holloway, University of London Dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2017 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Declaration of authorship ……………………………………………………………….5 Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………….6 Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………8 List of figures…………………………………………………………………………….7 Chapter 1 Introduction to thesis “The chick with the kicks” ………………………………………………………………9 Self-fashioning through consumption: theoretical frames………………………………21 Thesis outline……………………………………………………………………………38 Chapter 2 Music in Uganda Patronage to persecution: a brief overview of Uganda’s music…………………………42 Global influences, the birth of a music industry and an FM revolution: 1986 onwards………………………………………………………………………… …45 Imagining the popular: 1950s – 1980s…………………………………………………...51 Investigating the traditional……………………………………...………………………57 Music as message in the 21st century…………………………...………………………..61 Chapter 3 Method A Porsche’s place………………………………………………………………………..69 Friendship and the Field………………………………………………………………....73 The epistemic community……………………………………………………………….76 Ethnographic phenomenology…………………………………………………………..78 2 Web 2.0 or social networking………………………………………………………………81 Visualising hip hop…………………………………………………………………………83 Practical tools and concerns in the field……………………………………………………87 Chapter 4 Image-making and the Ugandan hip hop ‘mogul’ The mogul’s visual density…………………………………………………………………..90 -
Traditional Musician-Centered Perspectives on Ownership of Creative Expressions
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 5-2010 Traditional Musician-Centered Perspectives on Ownership of Creative Expressions Dick Kawooya University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Critical and Cultural Studies Commons Recommended Citation Kawooya, Dick, "Traditional Musician-Centered Perspectives on Ownership of Creative Expressions. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2010. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/711 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Dick Kawooya entitled "Traditional Musician- Centered Perspectives on Ownership of Creative Expressions." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Communication and Information. Benjamin Bates, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: John Shefner, Bharat Mehra, Robert Sundasky Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Dick Kawooya entitled “Traditional Musician-centered perspectives on ownership of creative expressions.” I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy with a major in Communication and Information. -
Society for Ethnomusicology 59Th Annual Meeting, 2014 Abstracts
Society for Ethnomusicology 59th Annual Meeting, 2014 Abstracts Young Tradition Bearers: The Transmission of Liturgical Chant at an then forms a prism through which to rethink the dialectics of the amateur in Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church in Seattle music-making in general. If 'the amateur' is ambiguous and contested, I argue David Aarons, University of Washington that State sponsorship is also paradoxical. Does it indeed function here as a 'redemption of the mundane' (Biancorosso 2004), a societal-level positioning “My children know it better than me,” says a first generation immigrant at the gesture validating the musical tastes and moral unassailability of baby- Holy Trinity Eritrean Orthodox Church in Seattle. This statement reflects a boomer retirees? Or is support for amateur practice merely self-interested, phenomenon among Eritrean immigrants in Seattle, whereby second and fails to fully counteract other matrices of value-formation, thereby also generation youth are taught ancient liturgical melodies and texts that their limiting potentially empowering impacts in economies of musical and symbolic parents never learned in Eritrea due to socio-political unrest. The liturgy is capital? chanted entirely in Ge'ez, an ecclesiastical language and an ancient musical mode, one difficult to learn and perform, yet its proper rendering is pivotal to Emotion and Temporality in WWII Musical Commemorations in the integrity of the worship (Shelemay, Jeffery, Monson, 1993). Building on Kazakhstan Shelemay's (2009) study of Ethiopian immigrants in the U.S. and the Margarethe Adams, Stony Brook University transmission of liturgical chant, I focus on a Seattle Eritrean community whose traditions, though rooted in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, are The social and felt experience of time informs the way we construct and affected by Eritrea's turbulent history with Ethiopia. -
Ugandan Superstar! - an Anthropological Study of Youth, Music and Social Becoming in Kampala, Uganda
Ugandan Superstar! - an anthropological study of youth, music and social becoming in Kampala, Uganda Cand. Mag. Thesis by Nanna Schneidermann Thorsteinsson Supervisor: Lotte Meinert Student number: 20012461 Number of charaters: 227.797 Department of Anthropology and EthnographyUniversity of AarhusFebruary 2008 Acknowledgements No creative work is the product of one person alone, and I want to acknowledge and thank a few special people and places that have inspired, guided and helped me in the process of making this thesis. First and foremost, thanks to the people who have inspired me to write about music in Uganda and who have agreed to feature on the following pages of my first go at being a serious scholar. A special shout-out goes to Chagga, Nubian Li, Farouk, Bobi Wine, Klear Kut, Ragga Dee, Lyrical G, Babaluku, Twig, GK, Bebe Cool and, of course, Chameleon, for leading me down the yellow brick road, and letting me into the amazing adventures of your lives. And thanks to Isaac Mulindwa Jr. for keeping the gates open. Thanks to my supervisor Lotte Meinert, at department of Anthropology and Ethnography at University of Aarhus, who has taught me to respect my curiosity and follow my heart. Thanks to Peter Ntende, Saava Karim, Musah Kalyngo and Papito for transcribing and translating songs. To Kirsten Toft Bang, thank you for being some of the things that I am not. Together we make one great anthropologist. To Pia Falk Paarup, Rasmus Bang, Mette Nielsen, Mette Kristensen & Mette Krog, thanks for comments on drafts of this thesis and for your friendship. I would also like to thank Gitte Christensen and Nanna Mulamila Olsen for inspiration and moral support. -
1. Aiello & Gaudioso Kervan 23 1
Kervan – International Journal of Afro-Asiatic Studies n. 23/1 (2019) Sando Marteu: il cantore di Lubumbashi Flavia Aiello e Roberto Gaudioso This article stems from a field research carried out in Lubumbashi in September and October 2018, as part of a national project on contemporary RDC, with a focus on the swahilophone creative expressions. It aims at outlining the poetics of the sing-songwriter Sando Marteau as it springs from his texts in Swahili, within the linguistic and cultural context of Lubumbashi. 1. Introduzione Questo articolo nasce dal lavoro sul campo svolto a Lubumbashi (Repubblica Democratica del Congo, di seguito RDC) nei mesi di settembre e ottobre 2018 nell’ambito del Progetto di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale (PRIN) “Mobilità-stabilizzazione. Rappresentazioni congolesi e dinamiche sociali, in Congo e nello spazio globale”.1 Scopo della ricerca sul terreno era raccogliere dati intorno alla produzione creativa nelle varietà swahili congolesi, solitamente escluse dagli studi sulle letterature di lingua swahili che si focalizzano principalmente su testi di autori tanzaniani e keniani. A Lubumbashi abbiamo trovato un ambiente artistico e poetico molto vivace e variegato; in questa sede tenteremo di delineare la poetica del cantautore Sando Marteau che emerge dai suoi testi in swahili di Lubumbashi, e di inscriverne l’opera in questo contesto artistico-letterario. La raccolta dati è avvenuta attraverso diverse interviste, conversazioni e partecipazione alle performance dal vivo (prove e concerti). A partire dal nostro rientro in Italia il dialogo con l’autore e il suo gruppo continua in forma telematica, sia per la raccolta di testi e materiale audiovisivo sia per approfondire spunti emersi durante l’analisi delle canzoni, delle interviste e delle fonti secondarie. -
Pearl of Africa Music (Pam) Awards: Political Construction of Popular Music in Uganda
PEARL OF AFRICA MUSIC (PAM) AWARDS: POLITICAL CONSTRUCTION OF POPULAR MUSIC IN UGANDA by Anita Desire Asaasira BA Music (MAK) 2007/HDO3/11055U A Dissertation Submitted to the Department of Music Dance and Drama, Faculty of Arts, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Arts in Music of Makerere University November, 2010 i DECLARATION I, Anita Desire Asaasira, hereby declare that this is my original research and it has not been submitted anywhere for any academic award. Anita Desire Asaasira Reg. No. 2007/HDO3/11055U Signature ……………………………………………. Date …………………………………………….. Supervisor Dr. Sylvia Nannyonga-Tamusuza Assoc. Prof. of Music (Ethnomusicology) Signature ………………………………………………… Date ………………………………………………….. ii DEDICATION To Assoc. Prof. Steinar Sætre, his wife Jorunn, and their children Odin, Johann and Yria iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To begin with, I thank NORAD Arts and Cultural Education (ACE) Program for the scholarship that enabled me study at the University of Bergen (Norway) and Makerere University. This research would not have been possible without the grant. Further, I am indebted to NORAD for also giving me the funds to carry out fieldwork and buy all the necessary materials necessary for the write up. I am greatly indebted to Dr. Sylvia Nannyonga-Tamusuza, my lecturer, principal supervisor and Coordinator for the ACE Program at Makerere University for believing that I could actually become an ethnomuscicologist even when I had doubts. Her intellectual input in this work, the time, effort and dedication to ensure that this work reached this intellectual level and ready in time, can never be repaid. I really appreciate your patience and constant encouragement. -
Swahili and Swahili Poetry in Lubumbashi: the Language and Lyrics of Sando Marteau
This is the version of the article accepted for publication in Archív orientální. For purposes of quotation, please use the published version. Accepted version downloaded from SOAS Research Online: http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/30219 Alena Rettová Swahili and Swahili poetry in Lubumbashi: The language and lyrics of Sando Marteau Abstract The article introduces the singer and poet from Lubumbashi, known under the artistic name of Sando Marteau, and presents some of the poet’s lyrics. These texts serve as the basis of an exposition of the variety of Swahili spoken in Katanga, “Lubumbashi Swahili” or “Katanga/Shaba Swahili”. This article presents several songs with translations into English and lists those linguistic features in them that are common in or even specific to "Lubumbashi Swahili". Sando Marteau’s songs show the broad spectrum of the linguistic continuum of “Lubumbashi Swahili”. While many songs remain close to “Swahili bora”, a variety of Congolese Swahili close to the East African “Standard Swahili”, other songs freely employ “Lubumbashi Swahili”. This distinction reflects the artist’s conscious choice; indeed, he opts for “Lubumbashi Swahili” especially in songs expressive of local cultural contexts. A further interesting feature of Sando Marteau’s Swahili is his idiosyncratic disjunctive orthography, different from how the languages is written in East Africa and in the DRC. In terms of lexicon, Sando Marteau’s Swahili avoids the practice of code-switching that is otherwise exceedingly common in the Katanga region. A proper understanding of Sando Marteau’s language facilitates an appreciation of the beauty and power of his poetry. Acknowledgements The fieldwork for this article was conducted in February 2009 within the framework of the research project Dimensions de l’objet swahili: textes et terrains, coordinated by François Bart and Alain Ricard of the University of Bordeaux, and funded by the French funding body ANR (Agence nationale de la recherche). -
Artisanal Mines, Governance and Historical Generations in the Congo Copperbelt
Artisanal Mines, Governance and Historical Generations in the Congo Copperbelt By Timothy Mwangeka Makori A thesis submitted to conform with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto © Copyright by Timothy Makori 2019 Artisanal Mines, Governance and Historical Generations in the Congo Copperbelt Timothy Mwangeka Makori Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology University of Toronto 2019 Abstract What insights about social change emerge when we analyze the liberalized present as a temporal period comprised of a palimpsest of generational experiences, recursive elements and residual layers of the past? This thesis is a response to this question through a look at the Congolese mining sector from the perspective of individuals who are often marginalized by it or rendered less visible due to a popular emphasis on the intractable problems of the Congolese state, transnational mining corporations, and the on-going violence in Eastern Congo. The subjects of my inquiry are artisanal miners, customary authorities, state agents working in the artisanal mining sector, retrenched pensioners, and mineworkers’ families. Analyzing how the recently instituted liberalized regime of mining is given form through the interaction between a diverse range of social groups is intended to elucidate the distinctiveness of the (neo)liberalized present relative to the regimes of mining it purportedly replaced. To be precise, I am referring to pre-colonial modes of resource extraction and, their successor, the Belgian colonial regime of mining that was inherited and maintained after Congolese independence. ii Interrogating how the dynamics of mining in existence today are qualitatively different to the past is an attempt to analyze social change by comparing the dynamics of the present with the succession of political topographies governing mining in the past. -
Who Owns Culture?
Who Owns Culture?: Digital Music and its Discontents By Georgina Ustik (Student #: 11316292) Under the supervision of Niels van Doorn Master’s in Media Studies: New Media and Digital Culture University of Amsterdam, Graduate School of Humanities February, 2018 Abstract This thesis seeks to explore how the internet and emerging technologies affect legal and cultural ownership of music. First, the concepts of legal and cultural ownership, value, and labor will be explored from a Marxist perspective. Next, culture will be defined as a complex way in which individuals connect their identity to community. Culture’s ownership will then be explored from two perspectives — legal ownership as applied via intellectual property, and cultural ownership, as demonstrated with cultural appropriation. These arguments will be set in the context of discriminatory systems and racial inequality, identifying ownership as a problem of access. These arguments will ultimately be applied to music, and how its value and ownership has transformed with the affordances offered by the internet, transformations under informational capitalism, and subsequent acceleration of globalization. This theoretical framework will then be applied to three case studies, each from a different aspect of digital music — the Syrian artist Omar Souleyman, the music blog and label Awesome Tapes from Africa, and the distribution of the Wu-Tang Clan album Once Upon a Time in Shaolin. These case studies reveal how music ownership, from both a cultural and legal perspective, as set forth in the theoretical framework, are carried out on an individual level. Ultimately, this thesis argues the Internet opened up new modes of music distribution and interaction that do not fit into traditional ideas of ownership. -
The Role of Guitarist and Musician, Mwenda Jean Bosco, in the Cultural Context of Katanga and the World
Masanga Njia – Crossroads The role of guitarist and musician, Mwenda Jean Bosco, in the cultural context of Katanga and the world Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades einer Doktorin der Philosophie (Dr.phil.) am Fachbereich 2 Kulturwissenschaften und Ästhetische Kommunikation der Universität Hildesheim vorgelegt von Rosemarie Jughard aus Klein-Winternheim Klein-Winternheim, März 2012 Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Bender Prof. Dr. Paul Drechsel Prof. Dr. Raimund Vogels Disputation: 18. Juni, 2013 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all I would like to express my gratitude to the Johannes Gutenberg- University of Mainz and Professor Dr. Wolfgang Bender, who is now at the University of Hildesheim, for providing his expertise in ethnomusicology and the occasion to undertake this project. Furthermore my deep-felt gratitude goes out to the many individuals and institutions, who helped me with my research in the province of Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo. The list is long and it is impossible to name all of them. However some of these individuals stand out and have gone beyond their capacities to accommodate me with their knowledge, time and assistance: The late Didier Kabobo Mwenda, Bosco’s son, who provided me with important information, many documents and photos. While continuing his father’s musical legacy he suddenly died in June 2009, at the age of 35. He will be terribly missed by many of us. I am greatly indebted to the hospitality of Bosco’s son, Murphy, his wife and children; Bosco’s daughters, Fé-Fé and Cathy Mwenda, who all welcomed me to their homes and treated me with great respect and generous hospitality. -
The Village and the Town in the Mũgithi and One-Man Guitar Performances in Kenya
African Studies Quarterly | Volume 14, Issue 4 | September 2014 Jogoo La Shambani Haliwiki Mjini: The Village and the Town in the Mũgithi and One-Man Guitar Performances in Kenya MAINA WA MŨTONYA Abstract: The 1990s marked an emergence of a relatively new genre in the contours of Kenyan popular culture. The Mũgithi performance signaled a beginning of new directions, largely in Kenyan music and specifically in the contemporary Gĩkũyũ music in terms of themes and style. The performance, mostly an urban phenomenon dominated by Gĩkũyũ one-man guitarists, is a major site for negotiation of identities and incorporates the interface and interplay between the traditional and the contemporary, especially in the urban setting. This article highlights the inherent contradictions in creation and re-creation of urban identities as expressed in this music. The main argument is that identities are always contested and different socio- economic situations call for a negotiation, if not a re-negotiation of identities. Introduction Jogoo la shambani haliwiki mjini (“The village cock does not crow in town”) is a Swahili proverb commonly used in East Africa to capture the rural/urban tensions that characterize everyday life. An examination of popular culture reveals, however, that the rural/urban distinction captured in this saying is not nearly so clear cut, for urban identities, like all identities, are always contested terrains. This is especially so with the knowledge that an argument for a fixed identity is always problematic. As Clark contends, it is the popular cultural forms expressed in the urban landscape that provide an arena for engaging with and framing these complex debates around identity.1 Again, aware of the diverse interpretations of this tradition/modernity dyad, especially in postcolonial studies, this paper appropriates a geographical angle to delineate the urban/rural divide as expressed in the performance of Mũgithi.