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Actividad Formadora De Canales Transmembrana En La Superficie De Gordonia Jacobaea

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Actividad Formadora De Canales Transmembrana En La Superficie De Gordonia Jacobaea Actividad formadora de canales transm embrana en la superficie de Gordonia jacobaea Mª Guadalupe Jiménez Galisteo ADVERTIMENT . La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX ( www.tdx.cat ) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB ( diposit.ub.edu ) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposici ó des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX ni al Dipòsit Digital de la UB . No s’autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en un a finestra o marc aliè a TDX o al Dipòsit Digital de la UB (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona auto ra. ADVERTENCIA . La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del servicio TDR ( www.tdx.cat ) y a través del Repositorio Digital de la UB ( diposit.ub.edu ) ha sido au torizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR o al Repositorio Digital de la UB . No se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a TDR o al Repositorio Digital de la UB (framing). Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto al resumen de presentación d e la tesis como a sus contenidos. En la utilización o cita de partes de la tesis es obligado indicar el nombre de la persona autora. WARNING . On having consulted this thesis you’re accepting the following use conditions: Spreading this thesis by the TDX ( www.tdx.cat ) service and by the UB Digital Repository ( diposit.ub.edu ) has been authorized by the titular of the intellectual property rights only for private uses placed in investigation and teaching activities. Reproduction with lucrative aims is not authorized n or its spreading and availability from a site foreign to the TDX service or to the UB Digital Repository . Introducing its content in a window or frame foreign to th e TDX service or to the UB Digital Repository is not authorized (framing). Tho s e rights affect to the presentation summary of the thesis as well as to its contents. In the using or citation of parts of the thesis it’s obliged to indicate the name of the au thor. TESIS DOCTORAL Actividad formadora de canales transmembrana en la superficie de Gordonia jacobaea Programa de Doctorado de Biomedicina Autor: Mª Guadalupe Jiménez Galisteo Directores: Miguel Viñas Ciordia y Teresa Vinuesa Aumedes Barcelona, Julio 2015 Unidad de Microbiología DEPARTAMENTO DE PATOLOGÍA Y TERAPÉUTICA EXPERIMENTAL Facultad de Medicina UNIVERSIDAD DE BARCELONA Actividad formadora de canales transmembrana en la superficie de Gordonia jacobaea Programa de Doctorado de Biomedicina Autor: Mª Guadalupe Jiménez Galisteo Directores: Miguel Viñas Ciordia y Teresa Vinuesa Aumedes Barcelona, Julio de 2015 “Aprende como si fueras a vivir toda la vida, y vive como si fueras a morir mañana”. Charles Chaplin "La ciencia se construye a partir de aproximaciones que gradualmente se acercan a la verdad". (Anochecer) Isaac Asimov “Nunca se es demasiado mayor para aprender más de lo que se sabe y llegar a ser capaz de hacer más de lo que ya se puede”. (Los límites de la fundación) Isaac Asimov A mi familia y seres queridos AGRADECIMIENTOS En palabras de Louis Pasteur "La suerte favorece sólo a la mente preparada”. Ante esta afirmación me gustaría añadir que muchas veces la mente no es algo individual, y que un grupo de personas puede trabajar y unir sus mentes para lograr un objetivo. Por ese motivo me gustaría agradecer a todas esas mentes, que durante estos años de trabajo han estado a mi lado, y que con sus ánimos, con sus gestos, con sus consejos, me han ayudado a lograr este objetivo. En primer lugar, agradezco enormemente al profesor Miguel Viñas, director y tutor de esta tesis, y al Profesor Ángel Domínguez de la Universidad de Salamanca, que bien podría figurar como codirector, su dirección, sus ideas, su inestimable apoyo y ayuda, y por supuesto su trabajo de ”becarios” en la anotación del genoma. Ellos me han demostrado que a pesar de ser dos veteranos de mente brillante, muestran el mismo entusiasmo por la ciencia que cuando empezaron, y para mí son un ejemplo a seguir. Sin su ayuda y su apoyo, este proyecto no habría visto la luz. A la Dra. Teresa Vinuesa le agradezco toda su ayuda como codirectora de esta tesis, junto con su confianza, afecto y preocupación tanto a nivel profesional como personal. Al Dr. Tomás G. Villa, a la Dra. Trinidad de Miguel y a la Dra. Patricia Veiga, les agradezco que me presentasen y me permitiesen trabajar con la minúscula Gordonia jacobaea, este microorganismo ha ocupado gran parte de mis pensamientos durante estos años, y si no hubiese sido por ellos, jamás habría tenido el gusto de conocerla. Al Dr. Benz y a Elker Maier de la Universidad de Bremen (Alemania), y a la Dra. Elisa Muñoz de la Universidad de Salamanca, en la distancia su ayuda y apoyo han sido todo un regalo. Infinitas gracias a todos los compañeros con los que he tenido el placer de trabajar en este laboratorio, me gustaría agradecerles su apoyo incondicional y cada minuto que hemos podido compartir. En su compañía el trabajo ha sido ligero, enriquecedor y hasta divertido. Especialmente me gustaría agradecer a Lidia “pequeña” y a Ester por ser mis compañeras eternas, con vosotras he pasado algunos de los momentos más difíciles de mi vida y también algunos de los más gratificantes, y siempre, siempre, habéis estado ahí para apoyarme y regalarme vuestra ayuda. Desde el primer día en que os conocí, hace ya mucho, mucho tiempo, habéis sido una fuente de alegría y bienestar para mí. Sois estupendas. A Álex, Blanca, Rocío, Eulalia, Héctor, con vosotros la ciencia es otra cosa, muchas gracias por estar ahí y haberme ayudado con vuestro ánimo y apoyo. Por supuesto, gracias a Eva, quien siempre ha estado dispuesta a echarme una mano. También quiero recordar y agradecer a aquellos que, aunque ya no están en nuestro laboratorio, han formado parte de la historia de esta tesis. Lidia “grande” y César, que me recibieron cuando entré en este intrigante mundo de la microbiología, a Jana, Cate, Indira, Iraida, Erica y Marina, aunque compartimos poco tiempo juntas, ha sido un placer coincidir con vosotras. Y por supuesto, a Toni, Carolina y Elena. A Rosaura, Isabel G. e Isabel E., muchas gracias por vuestra colaboración, ayuda y paciencia. Siempre que he recurrido a vosotras he sentido vuestro apoyo y cariño. No puedo olvidarme de mi familia, que han compartido conmigo este viaje como copilotos eficaces. Gracias a mis padres, Juan Manuel y Lupe, sus gestos y enseñanzas vitales me han hecho como soy colocando la primera piedra de mi ser. A mi hermano Carlos (Juancar), ¿qué puedo decir?, siempre has estado ahí hermanito y tu cariño y privilegiado cerebro ha sido uno de mis mejores apoyos. A Juan, mi otra mitad, gracias por tu amor y tu apoyo incondicional, gracias por haberme insuflado la energía y la motivación para no hundirme ante los baches del camino y luchar por lograr mis objetivos en la vida. Tú siendo como eres, me has dado el empujón que necesitaba. Sé que me dejo a muchas personas que han estado ahí y que de distintas formas me han ayudado con una frase reflexiva o con unas palabras amables, a Mariona, Tareixa, Sonia, Joseta, Isabel, Cristina, Laura, Anna, José, Encarna... cada una de ellas, a su modo, han puesto su pequeño granito de arena. Muchas gracias. Y por último quiero recordar a quienes ya no están: mi tito Epi, mi tito Paco, mi “muma” Antonia, y a todos los seres queridos, que se que se habrían sentido muy orgullosos de este trabajo. ……. Índic e ÍNDICE Índice Índice SÍMBOLOS Y ABREVIATURAS ................................................................... VII 1. INTRODUCCIÓN ....................................................................................... 1 1.1. Género Gordonia ....................................................................................... 1 1.1.1. Generalidades ........................................................................................ 1 1.1.2. Descripción. Propiedades morfológicas y quimiotaxonómicas ...... 2 1.1.3. Hábitat .................................................................................................... 3 1.1.4. Taxonomía.............................................................................................. 4 1.1.4.1. Taxonomía genética del género Gordonia ........................................ 6 1.1.5. Interés industrial del género Gordonia ................................................ 8 1.1.5.1 Propiedades anabólicas ...................................................................... 8 1.1.5.1.1 Biosurfactantes ................................................................................. 8 1.1.5.1.2. Carotenoides .................................................................................... 9 1.1.5.1.3. Acido 1 y 2 imidazol amino ........................................................... 10 1.1.5.1.4. Gordonano ......................................................................................
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