DOCSLIB.ORG

The Analysis of Directive Utterances

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Analysis of Directive Utterances THE ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES USED BY THE MAIN CHARACTERS OF HOTEL TRANSYLVANIA MOVIE AND ITS APPLICATION IN TEACHING SPEAKING AT TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL S1 Thesis Submitted as a partial fulfillment of the requirement to obtain Sarjana Pendidikan degree at English Education Program of Purworejo Muhammadiyah University by TITI SAFITRI 122120139 ENGLISH EDUCATION PROGRAM TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY PURWOREJO MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY 2016 i APPROVAL SHEET THE ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES USED BY THE MAIN CHARACTERS OF HOTEL TRANSYLVANIA MOVIE AND ITS APPLICATION IN TEACHING SPEAKING AT TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL by TITI SAFITRI 122120139 This thesis has been approved to be defended in front of the Board of Examiners Approved by Consultant I Consultant II Zahrotul Muniroh, S.Pd., M.A Ismawati Ike N., S.S., M.Hum. NIDN 0029037604 NIDN 0010067901 The Head of English Education Program Sri Widodo, S.S., M.Hum. NIDN 0628057302 ii RATIFICATION SHEET THE ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES USED BY THE MAIN CHARACTERS OF HOTEL TRANSYLVANIA MOVIE AND ITS APPLICATION IN TEACHING SPEAKING AT TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL by TITI SAFITRI 122120139 This thesis has been defended in front of the board of examiners on August 23rd 2016 THE BOARD OF EXAMNINERS Main Examiner : Tusino, M.Pd.B.I. ………………….. First Examiner : Zahrotul Muniroh, S.Pd., M.A. ………………...... Second Examiner: Ismawati Ike N., S.S., M.Hum. ………………….. Purworejo, August 2016 The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Yuli Widiyono, M.Pd. NIDN 0616078301 iii STATEMENT The student who sign in the following: Name : Titi Safitri Student number : 122120139 Study Program : English Education Program States that this thesis is absolutely my own work and the contents of the thesis are not written by someone else as the requirement in accomplishing the study of this university. In a few parts, the researcher draws opinions of someone else as references which written based on rule of quoting. If it is proven that this statement is incorrect, this entirely becomes my responsibility. Purworejo, 5th August 2016 The researcher, Titi Safitri iv MOTTO Make hay while the sun shine. Live for today, dream of tomorrow, learn from yesterday. When one door closed, another opens; but we often look so long and so regretfully upon the close door that we do not see the one which has opened. The secret of life is not to do what you like, but like what you do. God never change fate, only if they trying to change themselves. Where there is a will, there is a way. v DEDICATIONS With proud, gratitude and love, this my master piece is dedicated to: My beloved father and mother, Sutarnyo and Siti Nurasih who give me support and a great endless love. Both of you are everything for me and there is no words to describe how do I love you. Thanks for your support, advice, affection, unconditional love, and prays for my success. My beloved brother, Ari Nurul Aziz. Thanks for your love, care, spirit, and I want to say that you are my great brother I have. All members of my beloved big family. Thanks for love, care, motivation you give to me. H. Nasrudin, S.Pd.I., M.S.I., Bunda Ratih, and the all members of the big family of Pesantren Mahasiswa Al-Chudlorie of Purworejo Muhammadiyah University. Thanks for all your kindness that can’t I express it in words. All my beloved friends, who gives me spirit, advices, suggestions and all of kindness. All my friends in amazing Class. Everyone I love and everyone who loves me. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Firstly, the researcher would like to express his gratitude to Allah the Almighty and the Most Merciful for blessing health, ability and guidance, so that the researcher can complete and finish this thesis entitled “The analysis of Directive Utterances Used by the Main Characters of Hotel Transylvania Movie and Its Application in Teaching Speaking at Tenth Grade Students of Senior High School”. Then, the researcher would like to thanks to: 1. Drs. H. Supriyono, M.Pd. as the Rector of Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo. 2. Yuli Widiyono, M.Pd. as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo. 3. Sri Widodo, S.S., M.Hum, the Head of English Education Program of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo. 4. Zahrotul Muniroh, S.Pd., M.A. as her consultant in conducting this thesis who gives her suggestions, big motivation, and extremely patience in correcting her thesis as well precious guidance to help her conducting this thesis. 5. Ismawati Ike N., S.S., M.Hum. as her second consultant in doing this thesis who gives her great suggestion, motivation, and guidance in conducting this thesis. 6. All lecturers of English Department of Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo who give her a lot of knowledge. vii 7. Her beloved friends, Fadlan Abdul Jabar, Titi Nikmatul K., Sa’adiyah Nur Asni, Rochimatun, Rahmawati, Meylisa Arum L., Ika Nurjannah, Rina W., Wida N., Ana Sholihatun, and all of her classmates, as well as everyone who motivate and help her to do and finish this thesis. Finally, the researcher realizes that this thesis is still far from being perfect. However, the researcher still hopes that this thesis will be useful for English Education Program students of Purworejo Muhammadiyah University and all readers. The researcher will also appreciate the suggestion from the reader. May Allah bless us. Purworejo, August 2016 The Researcher Titi Safitri viii ABSTRACT Titi Safitri. “The Analysis of Directive Utterances Used by the Main Characters of Hotel Transylvania Movie and Its Application in Teaching Speaking at Tenth Grade Students of Senior High School”. A Thesis. English Education Program. Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Purworejo Muhammadiyah University. 2016. Directive is one of speech functions. It is linguistic utterance intended to get someone to do something. It can be conveyed less obviously and obviously that expressed in variety forms such as imperative, interrogative and declarative. Based on Holmes theory in sociolinguistics, there are some factors which affect the speaker’s choice of directive form, those are social dimensions (status, distance, and formality), gender, and routines of the task. The objectives of this research are to classify the types of directive utterances and analyze the factors affecting the use of directive form by the main characters of Hotel Transylvania movie as well as the application of the study in teaching speaking at tenth grade students of Senior High School. In conducting the research, the researcher used a descriptive qualitative method. The data are taken from the dialogues in the movie and they are explained descriptively. The steps of collecting data are watching the movie, reading the script, taking the utterance, giving a code for the data and organize the data into data sheet. To analyze the data the researcher followed some procedure. The procedure are reducing the data that is not needed, classifying data, analyzing and interpreting the data based on the theory, as well as presenting the result of analyzing data descriptively. The main characters of Hotel Transylvania movie performed 126 utterances categorized as directive utterance which divided into 19 utterances (15.08 % data) belong to less obvious directive and 107 utterances (84.92 % data) belong to obvious directive. In detail, the obvious directive consist of 84 (66.67 %) data belong to imperative form, 13 utterances (10.32 % data) belong to declarative form, 6 utterances (4.76 % data) belong to you imperative form, 3 utterances (2.38 % data) belong to interrogative with modal verb form, 1 utterances (0.79 % data) belong to interrogative with tag form, and there is none of datum belongs to interrogative with negative modal form. Finally the researcher hopes this research will be useful for the student to enrich their knowledge on sociolinguistics. It is suggested for the teacher to give the student more knowledge about directive utterance to enrich their ability in communication. The researcher also hopes to other researcher to continue the study of directive utterance in different objects. Keywords: directive utterance, sociolinguistics, movie, teaching speaking ix TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PAGE OF TITLE ............................................................................................... i APPROVAL SHEET .......................................................................................... ii RATIFICATION SHEET ................................................................................. iii STATEMENT ..................................................................................................... iv MOTTO ............................................................................................................... v DEDICATION .................................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................ vii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ ix TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... x LIST OF TABLE ............................................................................................. xiii LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................. xiv CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hunchback of Notre Dame’ a Hit for Town and Country Players Share This
    Tweet 0 Share Lambertville passes comprehensive plastic ban ordinance Front Page Around Town Arts Entertainment Dining Out Events Subscribe Home Subscribe Published On: Thu, Sep 20th, 2018 Front Page | By Charlie Sahner Amazing acting makes ‘Hunchback of Notre Dame’ a hit for Town and Country Players Share This Tags Hunchback of Notre Dametown and country players By John Dwyer My hands were sore from clapping and my voice was raspy from cheering after seeing “The Hunchback of Notre Dame” at Town and Country Players in Buckingham. I was bowled over by the performances, which I will go into further, and by director John Neuman’s utilization of the stage. Not only did he magically re-create Notre Dame and the streets of Paris in the limited space available to him, but he also moved a large cast through that space with a sure hand. All the elements of this show came together so well that time whisked by during the two-and-a-half-hour performance. Of course, who would ever want to leave the streets of Paris and this group of charming performers, regardless of the tragedy that gets told? The show has music by Alan Mencken (“Beauty and the Beast,” “Little Mermaid,” “Little Shop of Horrors” and “Sister Act”), and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz (“Godspell,””Pippin” and “Wicked”). The show was commissioned by Walt Disney. The focus of the story is much changed in the current musical adaptation. The original book had large portions describing the setting, i.e. the Cathedral of Notre Dame. Author Victor Hugo was writing this tale, in large part, to celebrate its Gothic architecture and to preserve the building intact in the face of those who wanted to “improve” it and make it more contemporary.
    [Show full text]
  • Hunchback LIBVB.Pdf
    THE HUNCHBACK OF NOTRE DAME Character List (in order of appearance) DOM CLAUDE FROLLO , Archdeacon of Notre Dame Cathedral JEHAN FROLLO , Claude’s reckless younger brother FLORIKA , a Gypsy FATHER DUPIN , a priest of Notre Dame and guardian of Claude and Jehan QUASIMODO , the deformed bell-ringer of Notre Dame and Claude Frollo’s charge CLOPIN TROUILLEFOU , King of the Gypsies PHOEBUS DE MARTIN , Captain of the Cathedral Guard FREDERIC CHARLUS , Lieutenant of the Cathedral Guard ESMERALDA , a beautiful and free-spirited Gypsy KING LOUIS XI , King of France, nicknamed the Prudent OFFICIAL , an officer of the court of King Louis XI MADAME , owner of a brothel and safe haven for Gypsies SAINT APHRODISIUS , a stained-glass image that comes to life CONGREGATION , an ensemble of storytellers who portray various GYPSIES, GARGOYLES, STATUES, SOLDIERS, REVELERS, PARISHIONERS, PRIESTS, PROSTITUTES and CITIZENS of Paris CHOIR CASTING NOTE A congregation of storytellers narrates The Hunchback of Notre Dame. The designations CONGREGANT, CONGREGANTS, and CONGREGATION are used when the ensemble is narrating individually, in succession or groups, or in unison, respectively. As the play progresses, the ensemble also takes on various roles within the tale, such as GYPSIES, GARGOYLES, and SOLDIERS and moves fluidly among them. Lines or lyrics in these generic roles should be assigned to ensemble members based on your production’s unique cast and staging. — i— The Hunchback of Notre Dame Scenes and Musical Numbers ACT ONE P. BARE STAGE . 1 (#1) Olim . CONGREGATION, CHOIR . 1 (#2) The Bells of Notre Dame (Part 1) . CONGREGATION, CHOIR . 1 (#2A) The Bells of Notre Dame (Part 2) .
    [Show full text]
  • The Hunchback of Notre Dame – the Musical”
    Vol. 20 No. 2, Agustus 2019: 61-69 Mary, Esmeralda, and Frollo: A Hermeneutic Reading of “The Hunchback of Notre Dame – The Musical” Chrysogonus Siddha Malilang1 Malmö Universitet ABSTRACT This essay aims to analyze the multimodal storytelling involving songs inThe Hunchback of Notre Dame – The Musical. Two songs, “God Helps the Outcasts” and “Hellfire”, are chosen to be analyzed hermeneutically. The primary analysis is done through the scrutiny over the juxtaposition of different musical styles in the said songs. Comparisons to Victor Hugo’s original text and the Disney animated version – in which the musical is based on – is also done to shed more light on the new layers of interpretation. Keywords: musical juxtaposition; musical theater; liturgical music; multimodal storytelling ABSTRAK Mary, Esmeralda, dan Frollo: Pembacaan Hermeneutik tentang “The Hunchback of Notre Dame – The Musical”. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan menganalisis multimodal story telling dalam rangkaian lagu-lagu pada The Hunchback of Notre Dame – the Musical. Dua lagu, “God Helps the Outcasts” dan “Hellfire” dipilih sebagai fokus penelitian hermeneutik. Analisis utama dilakukan melalui studi jukstaposisi gaya musik yang berbeda dalam lagu-lagu tersebut. Perbandingan dengan text asli karangan Victor Hugo dan versi animasi Disney – yang menjadi dasar naskah drama musikal ini – juga dilakukan untuk menggali interpretasi baru yang dihasilkan lebih dalam. Kata kunci: jukstaposisi musik; teater musikal; musik liturgis; multimodal storytelling Introduction When Disney re-wrote “The Hunchback of Notre Dame” into a musical performance, several As the writer began writing this essay, the news other songs from the animated version received the outlet from every corner of the world reported same treatment as “Hellfire”.
    [Show full text]
  • Factsheet Penguin Kids Factsheetpenguin Kids
    FACTSHEET PENGUIN KIDS FACTSHEETPENGUIN KIDS Level 5 Suitable for: young learners who have completed around 250 hours of study in English Type of English: American Headwords: 1000 Key words: 20 (see pages 2 and 5 of this Factsheet) Key grammar: will for offers, requests and with future meaning, when and so as conjunctions, zero conditional, infinitive of purpose he is going to find the gypsies’ hiding place and kill everyone there. Summary of the story Quasimodo and Phoebus try to warn Esmeralda Judge Frollo causes the death of a gypsy woman and her people about the attack, but they at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. Frollo wants to are too late and Frollo finds them. Esmeralda kill her deformed baby boy when a priest stops him chooses to burn at the stake rather than be with and insists that he save the child. Frollo agrees on Frollo. Quasimodo saves her and takes her to the condition that the boy lives in the cathedral. the cathedral. Frollo tries to kill Quasimodo, but The boy, Quasimodo, grows up a hunchback, Phoebus arrives just in time to save him. Frollo ringing the bells in the cathedral bell tower. He falls from the cathedral to his death. longs to escape and one day, against Frollo’s Phoebus and Esmeralda are together at last and orders, goes to a festival in the square. There, Quasimodo is welcomed as a hero. Quasimodo is chosen as the “King of Fools” and the people mock him. A beautiful gypsy girl, Background information Esmeralda, defends him. This angers Frollo, who The Hunchback of Notre Dame is the 34th Disney hates gypsies and people who are different.
    [Show full text]
  • Clopin Trouillefou
    SOCIAL STORY GOING TO COMMUNITY PLAYERS Welcome to Community Players! We look forward to having you as our guest! COMMUNITY PLAYERS THEATRE I am going to Community Players to see a show. GOING TO THE THEATRE If I drive or ride in a car to the theatre, I will park on the street in front of the theatre or in the parking lot across the street. LOBBY When I enter the building, I will be in the lobby. At the front desk someone will be there to greet me and help me get my tickets. SNACKS AND DRINKS If I get hungry or thirsty, I can visit the concession stand for popcorn, cookies, candy, and Coke products. If I just want a drink of water, I can use the drinking fountain by Concessions stand Drinking fountain the merchandise stand. BATHROOMS There are bathrooms in the lobby down the hallway. I can use the bathroom at any time during the performance SEATS When I’m ready, I can find my seat inside the theatre. If I need help finding a seat, I can ask an usher. THE STAGE The play will happen on the stage. Only people who work at the theatre are allowed on the stage. If I need to leave the theatre, I can go out the same way I entered but I should walk slowly. LIGHTS AND SOUNDS There may be different colored lights and the lights might flash during the play. There might be music and sounds that could sometimes be loud. I can always leave if I feel uncomfortable.
    [Show full text]
  • Quest for Quasimodo
    BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL VOLUME 291 21-28 DECEMBER 1985 1801 Br Med J (Clin Res Ed): first published as 10.1136/bmj.291.6511.1801 on 21 December 1985. Downloaded from Modern Verse, but one should be chary of dismissing Yeats's poetic humility of the mean." Of Sir Thornley-Stoker he said that he judgment. One ofGogarty's poems ends like this: "always spoke ofhis fee as his 'honorarium' forwho can pay a doctor "Beauty never comes on earth all he owes?" Of Browning's obscurities Gogarty wrote, "When I But an equal Grief is born; read his translation of Aeschylus I find it very useful to have the Hidden, maybe, in the dearth Greek beside me so that I may find out what the English means." Ofthe hours ere the morn; His comment on a man coming out of a pub consulting a compass Or that in her core are strife, (where else but in Dublin?) is typical, "He goes home by compass! Gain of Love and loss of Life. He cannot trust the ebbing town." Let me close with one last quotation from this unusual surgeon whose prose as well as whose This is nothing new at all; poetry is not as well known as it deserves to be. It takes an Irishman We have heard it all before; to have written: Beauty one side ofthe Wall, On the other side, the War. "To be as magical as Life itself, and as irresponsible; to be lunatic Love and Death; and no denying enough to take the hard edge from knowledge, to be irrational These things do not end by dying." enough to temper Justice with Mercy, and to be able to adjust oneselfto the.changes in intensity which the waxings and wanings of James Stephens told Gogarty that it was unlikely that he would be reality assume in the shimmerings of its cloud-this would be an recognised as a poet as he should be until 50 years after he was dead.
    [Show full text]
  • Audition Pack
    AUDITION PACK Please read all instructions carefully 1 ABOUT ‘HUNCHBACK’ What makes a monster and what makes a man? This is the central theme of The Hunchback of Notre Dame, a sweeping, grand-scale musical from Disney Theatrical. Based on the 1996 Disney film and Victor Hugo’s 1831 novel, The Hunchback of Notre Dame tells the story of Quasimodo, the hunchbacked bell-ringer of Notre Dame, and his desire to one day be a part of the outside world. When he summons the courage to attend the Feast of Fools, he meets Esmeralda, a compassionate gypsy who protects him from an angry mob. But at the same time, Quasimodo’s master, the archdeacon Dom Claude Frollo, and the new captain of the guard, Phoebus de Martin, fall in love with the beautiful girl. Adding to Quasimodo’s struggle is his punishment and derision from Frollo, following years of psychological abuse, and the danger posed by the gypsies, who are willing to kill any outsiders who venture into their secret hideout. But before Paris is burned to the ground, will Quasimodo be able to save Esmeralda from Frollo’s lust and anger? Will she return Quasimodo’s affection? Who is the true monster of Notre Dame? BOOK Peter Parnell MUSIC Alan Menken LYRICS Stephen Schwartz BASED ON THE PLAY/BOOK/FILM The Hunchback Of Notre Dame By Victor Hugo FIRST PRODUCED 2014 TIME & PLACE Paris, 1482 Directed and Produced by: Mr Huntington Assistant Director: Alex Moxon Choreography: Miss Hobbs Musical Director: Graham Brown Assistant MD: Mr Porter-Thaw Choir MD: Mr North Pianist: Melody Day Costumes/Props:
    [Show full text]
  • Stephen Schwartz Comments on Disney's the Hunchback of Notre
    Stephen Schwartz Comments on Disney’s The Hunchback of Notre Dame The Disney animated feature The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996) featured music by Alan Menken and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz. This PDF includes SECTION 1 – About The Hunchback of Notre Dame Project SECTION 2 – Songs ADDITIONAL RESOURCES The following questions and answers are from the archive of the StephenSchwartz.com Forum. Copyright by Stephen Schwartz 2010 all rights reserved. No part of this content may be reproduced without prior written consent, including copying material for other websites. Feel free to link to this archive. Send questions to [email protected] SECTION 1 – About The Hunchback of Notre Dame Project Hunchback question – getting started Question: Hi, Stephen. I don't remember ever reading in my many browsings through the forum archives, how you got involved with HUNCHBACK. Was this one of those assignments that you had to find the passion for, or was there something about the story that attracted you to the project? I think HUNCHBACK is my favorite of all the Disney stuff I've seen that you've done. I like the way Kwosimodo (sp) has to learn to see himself as a different person than what he's been led to believe he was all his life, and with that new vision of himself, he's able to make a difference in his community. Good stuff. :) So I'd be interested in hearing how you got involved with HUNCHBACK and what attracted you to the project. - Peggy Answer from Stephen Schwartz: After Alan Menken and I had been working on POCAHONTAS for about a year and it was clear that the project and collaboration were going well, the folks at Disney offered us a choice of a couple of ideas they had been developing as a follow-up.
    [Show full text]
  • For More Than Seventy Years the Horror Film Has
    WE BELONG DEAD FEARBOOK Covers by David Brooks Inside Back Cover ‘Bride of McNaughtonstein’ starring Eric McNaughton & Oxana Timanovskaya! by Woody Welch Published by Buzzy-Krotik Productions All artwork and articles are copyright their authors. Articles and artwork always welcome on horror fi lms from the silents to the 1970’s. Editor Eric McNaughton Design and Layout Steve Kirkham - Tree Frog Communication 01245 445377 Typeset by Oxana Timanovskaya Printed by Sussex Print Services, Seaford We Belong Dead 28 Rugby Road, Brighton. BN1 6EB. East Sussex. UK [email protected] https://www.facebook.com/#!/groups/106038226186628/ We are such stuff as dreams are made of. Contributors to the Fearbook: Darrell Buxton * Darren Allison * Daniel Auty * Gary Sherratt Neil Ogley * Garry McKenzie * Tim Greaves * Dan Gale * David Whitehead Andy Giblin * David Brooks * Gary Holmes * Neil Barrow Artwork by Dave Brooks * Woody Welch * Richard Williams Photos/Illustrations Courtesy of Steve Kirkham This issue is dedicated to all the wonderful artists and writers, past and present, that make We Belong Dead the fantastic magazine it now is. As I started to trawl through those back issues to chose the articles I soon realised that even with 120 pages there wasn’t going to be enough room to include everything. I have Welcome... tried to select an ecleectic mix of articles, some in depth, some short capsules; some serious, some silly. am delighted to welcome all you fans of the classic age of horror It was a hard decision as to what to include and inevitably some wonderful to this first ever We Belong Dead Fearbook! Since its return pieces had to be left out - Neil I from the dead in March 2013, after an absence of some Ogley’s look at the career 16 years, WBD has proved very popular with fans.
    [Show full text]
  • Quest for Quasimodo
    BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL VOLUME 291 21-28 DECEMBER 1985 1801 Br Med J (Clin Res Ed): first published as 10.1136/bmj.291.6511.1801 on 21 December 1985. Downloaded from Modern Verse, but one should be chary of dismissing Yeats's poetic humility of the mean." Of Sir Thornley-Stoker he said that he judgment. One ofGogarty's poems ends like this: "always spoke ofhis fee as his 'honorarium' forwho can pay a doctor "Beauty never comes on earth all he owes?" Of Browning's obscurities Gogarty wrote, "When I But an equal Grief is born; read his translation of Aeschylus I find it very useful to have the Hidden, maybe, in the dearth Greek beside me so that I may find out what the English means." Ofthe hours ere the morn; His comment on a man coming out of a pub consulting a compass Or that in her core are strife, (where else but in Dublin?) is typical, "He goes home by compass! Gain of Love and loss of Life. He cannot trust the ebbing town." Let me close with one last quotation from this unusual surgeon whose prose as well as whose This is nothing new at all; poetry is not as well known as it deserves to be. It takes an Irishman We have heard it all before; to have written: Beauty one side ofthe Wall, On the other side, the War. "To be as magical as Life itself, and as irresponsible; to be lunatic Love and Death; and no denying enough to take the hard edge from knowledge, to be irrational These things do not end by dying." enough to temper Justice with Mercy, and to be able to adjust oneselfto the.changes in intensity which the waxings and wanings of James Stephens told Gogarty that it was unlikely that he would be reality assume in the shimmerings of its cloud-this would be an recognised as a poet as he should be until 50 years after he was dead.
    [Show full text]
  • Hunches on Hunchbacks
    Endocrinology and the Arts Hunches on hunchbacks Krishna G. Seshadri Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India ABSTRACT The hunchback has long been a symbol of revilement in art and literature. This write up tries to find the cause of the deformity into two iconic hunchbacks in literature, Manthara and Quasimodo. Key words: Chondroepithelial dysplasia, cleidocranial dysplasia, dowager’s hump, Manthara, osteoporosis, Schuerman’s disease, The Hunchback of Notre dame, Valmiki, Victor Hugo Artists and writers have the knack of harnessing the she had the hump for at least 20 years – does not sound grotesque to make a point. Thus, dysmorphic features and like an osteoporotic fracture; the caveat is that Manthara bony deformities have a special place in literature and art; had been with Kaikeyi since her birth (probably her wet none has captivated the imagination of the writer and the nurse too) and Kaikeyi did not have a child for quite a long artist more than a crook or curve in the spine. time. Manthara was probably quite old by the time Rama used her back to practice archery, leaving the osteoporosis Let us start with a familiar icon: Manthara [Figure 1], called door open. “kooni” because her spine was bent. Valmiki introduces us to Manthara in sarga 7 of the Ayodhya Kanda.[1] He uses That brings us to the most famous hunchback of them the term “Kubjayai;” kubja[2] translates as humpback or of all – Quasimodo [Figure 2]. Victor Hugo wrote his crooked (or the Latin Gibbus). Valmiki does not elaborate classic in 1839; since then, it has been immortalized in film on her illness further other than calling her “papa darshini” and stage and now endeared to children everywhere by (purveyor of sin).
    [Show full text]
  • Notre Dame De Paris, by Victor Marie Hugo
    Notre Dame de Paris Victor Marie Hugo The Harvard Classics Shelf of Fiction, Vol. XII. Selected by Charles William Eliot Copyright © 2001 Bartleby.com, Inc. Bibliographic Record Contents . Biographical Note Criticisms and Interpretations I. By Frank T. Marzials II. By Andrew Lang III. By G. L. Strachey List of Characters Author’s Preface to the Edition of 1831 Book I I. The Great Hall II. Pierre Gringoire III. The Cardinal IV. Master Jacques Coppenole V. Quasimodo VI. Esmeralda Book II I. From Scylla to Charybdis II. The Place de Grève III. Besos Para Golpes IV. The Mishaps Consequent on Following a Pretty Woman through the Streets at Night V. Sequel of the Mishap VI. The Broken Pitcher VII. A Wedding Night Book III I. Notre Dame II. A Bird’s-Eye View of Paris Book IV I. Charitable Souls II. Claude Frollo III. Immanis Pecoris Custos, Immanior Ipse IV. The Dog and His Master V. Further Particulars of Claude Frollo VI. Unpopularity Book V I. The Abbot of St.-Martin’s II. This Will Destroy That Book VI I. An Impartial Glance at the Ancient Magistracy II. The Rat-Hole III. The Story of a Wheaten Cake IV. A Tear for a Drop of Water V. End of the Wheaten Cake Book VII I. Showing the Danger of Confiding One’s Secret to a Goat II. Showing That a Priest and a Philosopher Are Not the Same III. The Bells IV. Fate V. The Two Men in Black VI. Of the Result of Launching a String of Seven Oaths in a Public Square VII.
    [Show full text]