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Rehabilitation of Right Bank Main Canal of Walawe Reservoir

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Rehabilitation of Right Bank Main Canal of Walawe Reservoir Environmental and Social Screening Report & Environment and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Public Disclosure Authorized Rehabilitation of Right Bank Main Canal of Walawe Reservoir Integrated Watershed andEnvironmental Water Resources Screening Management Report Project (IWWRMP) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized May 2019 Irrigation Department, Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment Public Disclosure Authorized 1 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 3 A. ABOUT THE IWWRMP ......................................................................................................................................... 3 B. PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND JUSTIFICATION ................................................................................................................ 4 C. PROJECT JUSTIFICATION ......................................................................................................................................... 7 D. LAND OWNERSHIP ................................................................................................................................................ 8 E. ALTERNATIVES ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 F. PROJECT MANAGEMENT TEAM ............................................................................................................................... 9 G. PROJECT LOCATION ............................................................................................................................................ 10 H. PROJECT AREA OF INFLUENCE ................................................................................................................................ 10 I. OBJECTIVES OF THE ESSR AND ESMP .................................................................................................................... 10 2. LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND WORLD BANK’S SAFEGUARDS POLICIES ............................................................. 11 A. NATIONAL LAWS, REGULATIONS AND POLICIES ........................................................................................................ 11 B. WORLD BANK’S SAFEGUARDS POLICIES .................................................................................................................. 12 3. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................................... 14 A. PHYSICAL FEATURES ............................................................................................................................................ 14 B. ECOLOGICAL FEATURES ........................................................................................................................................ 16 C. SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS ................................................................................................................................. 20 4. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS .................................................................................................... 23 5. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE .................................................................................................. 38 6. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................ 41 7. LIVELIHOOD SUPPORT ASSISTANCE ............................................................................................................ 77 8. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS AND MONITORING PLANS ................................................................ 78 9. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ............................................................................................................. 78 A. GRM FOR PROJECT AFFECTED PARTIES AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS............................................................................... 78 B. HANDLING GBV CASES IN GRM ........................................................................................................................... 80 C. CONTRACTOR’S GRM PROCESS TO DEAL WITH THE GRIEVANCES RELATED TO LABOR AND WORKING CONDITIONS .................. 80 10. BUDGET ...................................................................................................................................................... 81 ANNEXES ............................................................................................................................................................. 82 ANNEX 1: CANAL INVENTORY FOR REHABILITATION ............................................................................................................ 83 ANNEX 2: MAPPING OF STAKEHOLDERS USING THE RB CANAL FOR WATER SUPPLIES ............................................................... 93 ANNEX 3: PICTURES ON MAIN ISSUES OF THE WALAWE RBMC ............................................................................................ 94 ANNEX 4: LOCATION MAP OF PROJECT AREA ..................................................................................................................... 95 ANNEX 5: SOIL TYPE IN THE UDAWALAWE REGION ............................................................................................................. 96 ANNEX 6: THE HYDROLOGY OF THE WALAWE BASIN .......................................................................................................... 97 ANNEX 7: RAPID BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT REPORT ......................................................................................................... 98 ANNEX 8: CONSULTATION NOTES ................................................................................................................................... 99 ANNEX 9: LOCATION OF POTENTIAL BURROW PITS ........................................................................................................... 106 2 1. Introduction a. About the IWWRMP Water availability is becoming more variable and uncertain and studies show that these trends are likely to exacerbate, and the wetter areas of the country would eventually become wetter and the drier areas drier. As a response, to the expected economic, social and environmental losses, the Government of Sri Lanka has developed The Sri Lanka Water Resources Management Project (IWWRMP). The systematic implementation of this project is expected to address and adapt to some of the adverse climate change impacts projected for the country. The project is designed around four components: • Component 1: Watershed Management (USD 25 million). • Component 2: Infrastructure Improvement (USD 129 million) • Component 3: Strengthening Water Resources Management Institutions (US$ 10 Million). • Component 4: Contingent Emergency Response (US$ 0.0 million) • Component 5: Project Management (US$ 6 million) The aim of Component 2 is to enhance the safety and durability of hydraulic assets and support the rationalization of institutional arrangements for ensuring their safety and durability. This component is thus expected to finance the works, goods and consultancy services to rehabilitate headworks and downstream water resources infrastructure to enhance safety as well as related irrigation canal systems that require rehabilitation to improve their operational efficiency and durability. Of the various sub-project (dams and canal systems) that have been proposed for rehabilitation under Component 2 of the Project, one of them includes the ‘Rehabilitation of the Right Bank Main Canal of Udawalawe Reservoir’ with a project brief as follows: Project title Rehabilitation of Right Bank Main Canal of Udawalawe Reservoir Project Proponent Mahaweli Authority of Sri Lanka Proposed start date October 2019 Proposed completion date 4 years from project commencement Estimated total cost Rs 978 million 3 b. Project Description and Justification Walawe is the largest river basin (2442 km2) in the southern part of Sri Lanka, spreading over four administrative districts. The river originates in the southern part of the central uplands at the altitude of 2395 MSL and travels 84.9 km southwards before it flows into the Indian Ocean near Ambalantota town (Fig.1). Figure 1: Walawe River Basin Uda Walalwe Reservoir Data Length of the Main Canal 51 KM Command Area 12,000 Ha Full supply level (FSL) of the reservoir El.88.39 MSL Catchments area 1175 Km2 Water surface Area at FSL 3413 HA Capacity at FSL 268.65 MCM Dam type Earth fill dam Height of dam Max. 36.57 m Width of crest of spill 11.0 m 4 This project covers rehabilitation of the 51 KM long Right Bank Main Canal of the Udawalawe Reservoir Canal Inventory of the Right Bank area DITRIBUTORY SERVED FIELD CANAL BRANCH CANAL BLOCK CANAL LENGTH AREA (ha) LENGTH (km) LENGTH (km) (km) Chandrikawewa 3379.260 168.544 50.058 19.240 Murawasihena 4402.810 239.029 75.664 28.290 Angunakolapelessa 3765.760 209.541 71.860 28.210 Total Area 11547.830 617.114 197.582 75.740 The Right Bank of the Uda Walawe is the largest irrigation project located in this river basin. About 40% of the catchment area is cultivated under irrigated agriculture and 20% under rain fed agriculture. Natural and planted forests constitute another 20% and the balance area is home gardens, wetlands and degraded lands.Irrigation development has been the major strategy for livelihood enhancement of the people in the basin. Two major reservoirs for irrigation and
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