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WRA Species Report
Family: Fabaceae Taxon: Saraca declinata Synonym: Jonesia declinata Jack (basionym) Common Name red saraca Saraca cauliflora Baker Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Patti Clifford Designation: L(Hawai'i) Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score -3 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 n 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 -
Pollen Morphology of Indian Species of Saraca L. (Leguminosae)-A Threatened and Legendary Medicinal Tree
Phyton, International Journal of Experimental Botany Pollen Morphology of Indian Species of Saraca L. (Leguminosae)-A Threatened and Legendary Medicinal Tree Sujit Sil1, 2, Tanmoy Mallick2, Tuhin Pal1, Animesh Mondal1, Kalyan Kumar De1 and Asok Ghosh2,* 1Postgraduate Department of Botany, Hooghly Muhammad Mohsin College (Estd.1836), Chinsurah, 712101, Hooghly, West Bengal, India. 2UGC-CAS Department of Botany, Taxonomy of Angiosperms and Biosystematics Laboratory, University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, 713104, West Bengal, India. *Corresponding Author: Asok Ghosh. Email: [email protected]; [email protected]. Abstract: The genus Saraca L. (Leguminosae) is a universal panacea in herbal medicine. The present study investigates the comparative pollen morphology of four species of Saraca viz. S. asoca (Roxb.) de Wilde, S. declinata (Jack) Miq., S. indica L., and S. thaipingensis Cantley ex Prain growing in India to reveal differences of their pollen structures to aid taxonomic and evolutionary values. The detailed morphology and surface structure of pollen grains were studied and described using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The pollen grains of Saraca showed isopolar, para-syncolporate, tricolporate, with radially symmetric, prolate and prolate-spheroidal structure. The surface of pollen of S. indica is rugulate with large lirae but in S. declinata, the surface is micro-rugulate to vermiculate with relatively thin lirae and that of S. thaipingensis is indistinct as the psilate surface with a frequent protuberance and fewer perforations were observed along with the gemmae like structure. Exine ornamentation helped to separate S. indica and S. asoca. Exine thickness varies from 3-4 μm. Presence of protuberance and exine thickness varies among individuals of the species spread over different locations. -
Phylogeny and Biogeorgraphy Of
PHYLOGENY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF WATERMELON [CITRULLUS LANATUS (THUNB.) MATSUM. & NAKAI] BASED ON CHLOROPLAST, NUCLEAR SEQUENCE AND AFLP MOLECULAR MARKER DATA Jiarong Liu A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master in Science Auburn, Alabama August 8, 2005 PHYLOGENY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF WATERMELON [CITRULLUS LANATUS (THUNB.) MATSUM. & NAKAI] BASED ON CHLOROPLAST, NUCLEAR SEQUENCE AND AFLP MARKER DATA Jiarong Liu Permission is granted to Auburn University to make copies of this thesis at its discretion, upon request of individuals or institutions and at their expense. The author reserves all the publication rights. Signature of Author Date of Graduation iii VITA Jiarong (Rona) Liu, daughter of Maosheng Liu and Hongmei Ye, was born on November 7, 1981 in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, the People’s Republic of China. She graduated in June 1999 from Suzhou No.3 High School. She attended Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China in 1999 and graduated in June, 2003 with a Bachelor of Science in Horticulture. In August 2003, she entered Graduate school at Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama to pursue a Master of science degree in Horticulture. She was employed as a Graduate Research Assistant and Teaching Assistant during her graduate studies. iv THESIS ABSTRACT PHYLOGENY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF WATERMELON [CITRULLUS LANATUS (THUNB.) MATSUM. & NAKAI] BASED ON CHLOROPLAST, NUCLEAR SEQUENCE AND AFLP MARKER DATA Jiarong Liu Master of Science, July 12, 2005 (B.S., Yangzhou University, 2003) 75 Typed pages Directed by Fenny Dane Watermelons [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai], together with cucumbers, melons of various sorts, summer squashes, winter squashes and pumpkins are the principal food plants of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae). -
A Search for Biologically Active Phytochemicals from Endemic Plants of the Southeastern United States
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1997 A Search for Biologically Active Phytochemicals From Endemic Plants of the Southeastern United States. Steven Lynn Robbs Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Robbs, Steven Lynn, "A Search for Biologically Active Phytochemicals From Endemic Plants of the Southeastern United States." (1997). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 6402. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/6402 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the m icrofilm master. U M I films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. Hie quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note wifi indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. -
Ethnobotanical Observations of Euphorbiaceae Species from Vidarbha Region, Maharashtra, India
Ethnobotanical Leaflets 14: 674-80, 2010. Ethnobotanical Observations of Euphorbiaceae Species from Vidarbha region, Maharashtra, India G. Phani Kumar* and Alka Chaturvedi# Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DRDO), Leh-Ladakh, India #PGTD Botany, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, India *corresponding author: [email protected] Issued: 01 June, 2010 Abstract An attempt has been made to explore traditional medicinal knowledge of plant materials belonging to various genera of the Euphorbiaceae, readily available in Vidharbha region of Maharasthtra state. Ethnobotanical information were gathered through several visits, group discussions and cross checked with local medicine men. The study identified 7 species to cure skin diseases (such as itches, scabies); 5 species for antiseptic (including antibacterial); 4 species for diarrhoea; 3 species for dysentery, urinary infections, snake-bite and inflammations; 2 species for bone fracture/ dislocation, hair related problems, warts, fish poisons, night blindness, wounds/cuts/ burns, rheumatism, diabetes, jaundice, vomiting and insecticide; 1 species as laxative , viral fever and arthritis. The results are encouraging but thorough scientific scrutiny is absolutely necessary before being put into practice. Key words: Ethnopharmacology; Vidarbha region; Euphorbiaceae; ethnobotanical information. Introduction The medicinal properties of a plant are due to the presence of certain chemical constituents. These chemical constituents, responsible for the specific physiological action, in the plant, have in many cases been isolated, purified and identified as definite chemical compounds. Quite a large number of plants are known to be of medicinal use remain uninvestigated and this is particularly the case with the Indian flora. The use of plants in curing and healing is as old as man himself (Hedberg, 1987). -
Euphorbiaceae) in the Philippines
BLUMEA 44 (1999) 109-148 Revision of the genus Cleistanthus (Euphorbiaceae) in the Philippines Stefan Dressler 1 Rijksherbarium/Hortus Botanicus, P.O. Box 9514, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands Summary The Philippine species of the euphorbiaceous genus Cleistanthus are revised. Sixteen species are recognised for this archipelago of which two are recorded from there for the first time. The oldest available combination from the Philippines [C. orgyalis (Blanco) Merr.] remains obscure and three collections from Palawan treated Three are tentatively as a separate taxon (C. spec. A). species are illustrated here and distribution maps for the Philippines are given for all species. Key words. Cleistanthus, Philippines, taxonomy. Introduction The genus Cleistanthus was established in 1848 by Planchon for a single species from West Tropical Africa using an unpublished name of J.D. Hooker. Before and after that several species were described affiliated to other (partly new) genera (e.g., Roxburgh, 1802; Hasskarl, 1855;Miquel, 1861; Thwaites, 1861, 1864; MiillerArgo- viensis, 1863) but MiillerArgoviensis (1866) soon clarified the taxonomy and made thenecessary new combinationsin his revision ofthe Euphorbiaceae for De Candolle's Prodromus. Later the genus was treated in some floras or regional revisions (e.g., Bentham, 1873; Hooker, 1887; Robinson, 1908). Jablonsky (1915) still represents the most recent complete generic treatment. With all its weaknesses his infrageneric classification is the one still adopted nowadays (cf. Shaw's various and indeed is determination Airy papers, see below) a handy tool. However, I consider it to be rather artificialin parts (e.g., sections based on indumentum of sepals, division of styles), but without having revised the full genus no other is pro- posed here. -
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DOS VALES DO JEQUITINHONHA E MUCURI Bethânia Alves De Avelar DETECÇÃO in VITRO DE CITOCINAS INTRACITOPLA
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DOS VALES DO JEQUITINHONHA E MUCURI Bethânia Alves de Avelar DETECÇÃO IN VITRO DE CITOCINAS INTRACITOPLASMÁTICAS (INTERFERON GAMA, FATOR DE NECROSE TUMORAL, INTERLEUCINA 4 E INTERLEUCINA 10) EM LEUCÓCITOS HUMANOS TRATADOS COM EXTRATO BRUTO DILUÍDO DE Euphorbia tirucalli Diamantina 2010 Bethânia Alves de Avelar DETECÇÃO IN VITRO DE CITOCINAS INTRACITOPLASMÁTICAS (INTERFERON GAMA, FATOR DE NECROSE TUMORAL, INTERLEUCINA 4 E INTERLEUCINA 10) EM LEUCÓCITOS HUMANOS TRATADOS COM EXTRATO BRUTO DILUÍDO DE Euphorbia tirucalli Dissertação apresentada ao curso de Mestrado do Programa Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Fisiológicas. Área de concentração: Farmacologia de produtos naturais e plantas medicinais. Orientador: Dr. Gustavo Eustáquio Brito Alvim de Melo - UFVJM Coorientador: Dra. Miriam Tereza da Paz Lopes - UFMG Diamantina 2010 AGRADECIMENTOS A Deus, pelo cuidado; Ao meu pai Américo e minha mãe Lúcia, pelo exemplo de perseverança, amizade, apoio e dedicação; Ao meu irmão Américo, pelo companheirismo; Aos meus tios, Lucimar, Lucinéia, Lucilene, Estanislau e Luciano, pela bondade, incentivo e prontidão em ajudar; Ao Professor Dr. Gustavo Eustáquio Brito Alvim de Melo, pelo auxílio na formação acadêmica, pela amizade e o exemplo de Pesquisador; À Professora Dra. Miriam Tereza da Paz Lopes, pela disposição em coorientar; Ao Professor Dr. Herton Helder Rocha Pires (Tim), pelo incentivo e confiança desde a iniciação científica; À equipe do Programa Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas da UFVJM pelos conselhos e apoio; Ao Dr. Olindo Martins Filho, pelas contribuições ao trabalho; Aos funcionários da Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, pelo comprometimento; À equipe do laboratório de Imunologia da UFVJM, pelo incentivo e apoio, e trabalho em equipe; A todos que contribuíram de alguma forma para a realização deste trabalho. -
Daemonorops, Dracaena and Other Dragon' S Blood
COLLECTIONS CORNER DAEMONOROPS, DRACAENA AND OTHER DRAGON' S BLOOD While trade in medicinal plants attracts much led soon after Prof Bayley Balfour, of the Uni- attention--what species come from where, and versity of Glasgow, returned from his pioneering in what quantity--other plant products such as botamcal exploration of Socotra in 1880 (see resins may also need monitoring, especially if Balfour 1888). It was he who described D cin- the used volumes are increasing and likely to nabari and gave a sample of the resin to Glas- threaten source plant populations. In order to gow's Professor of Chemistry, James Dobbie, monitor, however, one must be able to identify. for analysis. This work was then expanded Known for centuries, dragon's blood as a name (Dobble and Henderson 1883) to include Croton has been applied to resins from quite different and Daemonorops (D. draco then being known species from different continents--but how does as Calamus draco). "We resolved," they wrote, one tell them apart9 "to collect as many varieties as possible of res- Lyons (1974) summansed the history and my- ins passing under the name of dragon's blood thology of dragon's blood. Its name originated and compare them closely with one another." in the struggle (recorded by Pliny (AD 61-113)) The resins were obtained from three collections between a dragon-like basilisk and an elephant (including Kew's Economic Botany Collections; that, at its climax, led to the mixing of the blood EBC) and analysed according to their solubihty of the two creatures. It was a magical substance, and reactxons. -
Phylogenetic Reconstruction Prompts Taxonomic Changes in Sauropus, Synostemon and Breynia (Phyllanthaceae Tribe Phyllantheae)
Blumea 59, 2014: 77–94 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/000651914X684484 Phylogenetic reconstruction prompts taxonomic changes in Sauropus, Synostemon and Breynia (Phyllanthaceae tribe Phyllantheae) P.C. van Welzen1,2, K. Pruesapan3, I.R.H. Telford4, H.-J. Esser 5, J.J. Bruhl4 Key words Abstract Previous molecular phylogenetic studies indicated expansion of Breynia with inclusion of Sauropus s.str. (excluding Synostemon). The present study adds qualitative and quantitative morphological characters to molecular Breynia data to find more resolution and/or higher support for the subgroups within Breynia s.lat. However, the results show molecular phylogeny that combined molecular and morphological characters provide limited synergy. Morphology confirms and makes the morphology infrageneric groups recognisable within Breynia s.lat. The status of the Sauropus androgynus complex is discussed. Phyllanthaceae Nomenclatural changes of Sauropus species to Breynia are formalised. The genus Synostemon is reinstated. Sauropus Synostemon Published on 1 September 2014 INTRODUCTION Sauropus in the strict sense (excluding Synostemon; Pruesapan et al. 2008, 2012) and Breynia are two closely related tropical A phylogenetic analysis of tribe Phyllantheae (Phyllanthaceae) Asian-Australian genera with up to 52 and 35 species, respec- using DNA sequence data by Kathriarachchi et al. (2006) pro- tively (Webster 1994, Govaerts et al. 2000a, b, Radcliffe-Smith vided a backbone phylogeny for Phyllanthus L. and related 2001). Sauropus comprises mainly herbs and shrubs, whereas genera. Their study recommended subsuming Breynia L. (in- species of Breynia are always shrubs. Both genera share bifid cluding Sauropus Blume), Glochidion J.R.Forst. & G.Forst., or emarginate styles, non-apiculate anthers, smooth seeds and and Synostemon F.Muell. -
Aspects of Ecology and Conservation of the Pygmy Loris Nycticebus Pygmaeus in Vietnam
Aus dem Institut für Zoologie, Fischkrankheiten und Fischereibiologie der Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Angefertigt am Endangered Primate Rescue Center Cuc Phuong National Park Vietnam Aspects of Ecology and Conservation of the Pygmy Loris Nycticebus pygmaeus in Vietnam Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der tiermedizinischen Doktorwürde der Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München vorgelegt von Ulrike Streicher aus Bamberg München, Oktober 2004 Dem Andenken meines Vaters Preface The first pygmy lorises came to the Endangered Primate Rescue Center in 1995 and were not much more than the hobby of the first animal keeper, Manuela Klöden. They were at that time, even by Vietnamese scientists or foreign primate experts, considered not very important. They were abundant in the trade and there was little concern about their wild status. It has often been the fate of animals that are considered common not to be considered worth detailed studies. But working with confiscated pygmy lorises we discovered a number of interesting facts about them. They seasonally changed the pelage colour, they showed regular weight variations, and they did not eat in certain times of the year. And I met people interested in lorises and told them, what I had observed and realized these facts were not known. So I started to collect data more or less to proof what we had observed at the centre. Due to the daily veterinary tasks data collection was rather randomly and unfocussed. But the more we got to know about the pygmy lorises, the more interesting it became. The answer to one question immediately generated a number of consecutive questions. -
Saraca Indica) As Women Friendly Plant: a Review 1 Mohammad Abu Bin Nyeem, 2 Mohammad Sadul Haque, 3 Md
National Journal of Advanced Research National Journal of Advanced Research Online ISSN: 2455-216X; Impact Factor: RJIF 5.12 www.allnationaljournal.com Volume 3; Issue 2; May 2017; Page No. 03-07 Ashoka (Saraca indica) as women friendly plant: A review 1 Mohammad Abu Bin Nyeem, 2 Mohammad Sadul Haque, 3 Md. Obaydul Haq, 4 Mohammad Nuruzzaman, 5 Helal Uddin, 6 BM Rabiul Islam 1-3 Department of Unani Medicine, Hamdard University, Bangladesh 4-5 Govt. Unani & Ayurvedic Medical College, Bangladesh 6 Department of Public Health, ASA University, Bangladesh Abstract Saraca indica (Ashoka) Linn is a rain-forest tree belongs to the family of Caesalpiniaceae. Ashoka is "without sorrow or sorrow- less tree", a reference to this bark's reputation for keeping women healthy and youthful. The aim of the present review focuses on the detail botanical description, phytochemical constituents, medicinal uses and pharmacological studies. Saraca indica is used in many pharmacological activities like anti menorrhagic, anti-cancer, anti oxytoxic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, anti–microbial activity and have extend uses in indigenous system of medicine. It mainly contains glycoside, flavanoids, tannins, saponins, esters and primary alcohols. Keywords: Saraca indica, askok, women friendly plant, pharmacological activity, phytoconstituents 1. Introduction distribution was in the central areas of the Deccan plateau, as The demand for herbal products increases all over the world well as the middle section of the Western Ghats in the western and major pharmaceutical companies are currently conducting coastal zone of the Indian subcontinent. As a wild tree, the research on medicinal plants on large scale for their potential Ashoka is a vulnerable species. -
M Gerber Orcid.Org 0000-0002-5118-4087
Determining strategies of Acanthosicyos horridus (!nara) to exploit alternative atmospheric moisture sources in the hyper-arid Namib Desert M Gerber orcid.org 0000-0002-5118-4087 Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science in Environmental Sciences at the North-West University Supervisor: Prof SJ Piketh Co-supervisor: Dr JM Berner Assistant Supervisor: Dr GL Maggs-Kölling Graduation May 2018 23387998 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the following institutions and people for their contribution to my dissertation: • My sponsor and supervisor Prof. Stuart Piketh for the financial support; • North-West University for the financial support; • My supervisors Dr. Jacques Berner and Dr. Gillian Maggs-Kölling for their guidance and support; • Gobabeb Research and Training Centre (GTRC) for accommodating me for the last two years and for all the experience I gained working with them; • Dr. Eugene Marais, Dr. Mary Seely and Prof. Scott Turner for their advice and motivation; • Gobabeb Research and Training Staff members for their assistance and support; • Paulina Smidt for the translation and assisting me with fieldwork; • André Steyn and Elizabeth Shilunga for assisting me with fieldwork; • Oliver Halsey for the amazing pictures and assisting with the time-lapse investigation; • Esmé Harris for proofreading my dissertation; • My family and friends for their constant support. ii DECLARATION iii ABSTRACT The enigmatic melon species Acanthosicyos horridus Welw. ex Hook. f., locally known as !nara, is endemic to the hyper-arid Namib Desert where it occurs in sandy dune areas and dry river banks. The Namib Desert is a result of the cold Benguela current off the coast of Namibia.