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*Pres Report 97
42 APPENDIX C U.S. and Russian Human Space Flights 1961–September 30, 1997 Spacecraft Launch Date Crew Flight Time Highlights (days:hrs:min) Vostok 1 Apr. 12, 1961 Yury A. Gagarin 0:1:48 First human flight. Mercury-Redstone 3 May 5, 1961 Alan B. Shepard, Jr. 0:0:15 First U.S. flight; suborbital. Mercury-Redstone 4 July 21, 1961 Virgil I. Grissom 0:0:16 Suborbital; capsule sank after landing; astronaut safe. Vostok 2 Aug. 6, 1961 German S. Titov 1:1:18 First flight exceeding 24 hrs. Mercury-Atlas 6 Feb. 20, 1962 John H. Glenn, Jr. 0:4:55 First American to orbit. Mercury-Atlas 7 May 24, 1962 M. Scott Carpenter 0:4:56 Landed 400 km beyond target. Vostok 3 Aug. 11, 1962 Andriyan G. Nikolayev 3:22:25 First dual mission (with Vostok 4). Vostok 4 Aug. 12, 1962 Pavel R. Popovich 2:22:59 Came within 6 km of Vostok 3. Mercury-Atlas 8 Oct. 3, 1962 Walter M. Schirra, Jr. 0:9:13 Landed 8 km from target. Mercury-Atlas 9 May 15, 1963 L. Gordon Cooper, Jr. 1:10:20 First U.S. flight exceeding 24 hrs. Vostok 5 June 14, 1963 Valery F. Bykovskiy 4:23:6 Second dual mission (withVostok 6). Vostok 6 June 16, 1963 Valentina V. Tereshkova 2:22:50 First woman in space; within 5 km of Vostok 5. Voskhod 1 Oct. 12, 1964 Vladimir M. Komarov 1:0:17 First three-person crew. Konstantin P. Feoktistov Boris G. Yegorov Voskhod 2 Mar. 18, 1965 Pavel I. -
Lockheed-Martin OV-200 Class Space Shuttle (2011 –2138)
- 1 - Original texts and document concept copyright © 2007 by Richard E. Mandel STAR TREK, its on-screen derivatives, and all associated materials are the property of Paramount Pictures Corporation. Multiple references in this document are given under the terms of fair use with regard to international copyright and trademark law. This is a scholarly reference work intended to explain the background and historical aspects of STAR TREK and its spacecraft technology and is not sponsored, approved, or authorized by Paramount Pictures and its affiliated licensees. All visual materials included herein is protected by either implied or statutory copyright and are reproduced either with the permission of the copyright holder or under the terms of fair use as defined under current international copyright law. All visual materials used in this work without clearance were obtained from public sources through public means and were believed to be in the public domain or available for inclusion via the fair use doctrine at the time of printing. Cover art composited from the work of Andrew J. Hodges (DY-100) and Industrial Light and Magic (Excelsior) This work is dedicated to Geoffery Mandel, who started it for all of us. Memory Alpha and SFHQ/Mastercom cataloging data: UFP/SFD DTA HR:217622 - 2 - Gfefsbujpo!Tqbdfgmjhiu!Dispopmphz! First History (Prime Two) Edition Modified Okuda Timeline preview build 20070915 by Richard E. Mandel - 3 - Table of Contents Notes to self: no more than five major starships per section, ONLY canon/semi-canon/licensed/“reality” -
Part 2 Almaz, Salyut, And
Part 2 Almaz/Salyut/Mir largely concerned with assembly in 12, 1964, Chelomei called upon his Part 2 Earth orbit of a vehicle for circumlu- staff to develop a military station for Almaz, Salyut, nar flight, but also described a small two to three cosmonauts, with a station made up of independently design life of 1 to 2 years. They and Mir launched modules. Three cosmo- designed an integrated system: a nauts were to reach the station single-launch space station dubbed aboard a manned transport spacecraft Almaz (“diamond”) and a Transport called Siber (or Sever) (“north”), Logistics Spacecraft (Russian 2.1 Overview shown in figure 2-2. They would acronym TKS) for reaching it (see live in a habitation module and section 3.3). Chelomei’s three-stage Figure 2-1 is a space station family observe Earth from a “science- Proton booster would launch them tree depicting the evolutionary package” module. Korolev’s Vostok both. Almaz was to be equipped relationships described in this rocket (a converted ICBM) was with a crew capsule, radar remote- section. tapped to launch both Siber and the sensing apparatus for imaging the station modules. In 1965, Korolev Earth’s surface, cameras, two reentry 2.1.1 Early Concepts (1903, proposed a 90-ton space station to be capsules for returning data to Earth, 1962) launched by the N-1 rocket. It was and an antiaircraft cannon to defend to have had a docking module with against American attack.5 An ports for four Soyuz spacecraft.2, 3 interdepartmental commission The space station concept is very old approved the system in 1967. -
Macrocosmo.Com Ano II - Edição Nº 13 – Dezembro De 2004
A PRIMEIRA REVISTA ELETRÔNICA BRASILEIRA EXCLUSIVA DE ASTRONOMIA revista macroCOSMO.com Ano II - Edição nº 13 – Dezembro de 2004 Astrobiologia O estudo da origem e evolução da vida dentro e fora do planeta Terra Para Chegar às Ônibus Espacial Estrelas Buran revista macroCOSMO.com Ano II - Edição nº 13 - Dezembro de 2004 Editorial Um ano de Revista macroCOSMO.com! Escrever isto Redação é a realização de um sonho, uma sensação de trabalho [email protected] cumprido mas ao mesmo tempo promessa de que em 2005, seja melhor que o ano que agora deixamos para trás. Diretor Editor Chefe Quando lançamos nossa edição inaugural em dezembro Hemerson Brandão de 2003, não imaginávamos que iríamos chegar tão longe. [email protected] Não imaginávamos o carinho com que essa publicação fora e que ainda continua a ser recebida pela comunidade Diagramadores astronômica brasileira. Contratempos ocorreram durante o ano de 2004, mas nada que conseguisse nos afastar da Rodolfo Saccani [email protected] nossa meta de difundir essa fantástica ciência, que é a Sharon Camargo Astronomia. [email protected] Fechamos o 1º ano da Revista macroCOSMO.com, Hemerson Brandão com uma marca de mais de 11.000 visitantes em nosso [email protected] site, um recorde para uma publicação de divulgação Redatores astronômica. Tal marca nunca teria sido alcançada, sem o Audemário Prazeres trabalho exemplar da equipe de redatores, colaboradores, [email protected] Hélio “Gandhi” Ferrari revisores e diagramadores, sempre incentivados pelas [email protected] inúmeras mensagens de apoio, sugestões e críticas de Laércio F. Oliveira todos nossos leitores [email protected] Gostaria de expressar meus agradecimentos Marco Valois especiais a Walmir Cardoso, meu grande incentivador na [email protected] Naelton M. -
Association of Space Explorers 4Th Planetary Congress Sofia, Bulgaria 1988
Association of Space Explorers 4th Planetary Congress Sofia, Bulgaria 1988 Commemorative Poster Signature Key Vladimir Aksyonov Alexander Alexandrov (Bul.) John-David Bartoe Soyuz 22, Soyuz T-2 Soyuz TM-5 STS 51F Patrick Baudry Scott Carpenter Walter Cunningham STS 51G Mercury 7 Apollo 7 John Fabian Mohammed Faris Bertalan Farkas STS 7, STS 51G Soyuz TM-3 Soyuz 36 Yuri Glazkov Georgi Grechko Jugderdemidyn Gurragchaa Soyuz 24 Soyuz 17, Soyuz 26 Soyuz 39 Soyuz T-14 Georgi Ivanov Sigmund Jähn Vladimir Kovolyonok Soyuz 33 Soyuz 31 Soyuz 25, Soyuz 29, Soyuz T-4 Alexander Laveikhin Alexei Leonov Oleg Makarov Soyuz TM-2 Voskhod 2, Apollo-Soyuz Soyuz 12, Soyuz 27, Soyuz T-3 Yuri Malyshev Ulf Merbold Ernst Messerschmid Soyuz T-2, Soyuz T-11 STS 9 STS 61A Rodolpho Neri Wubbo Ockels Robert Overmyer STS 61B STS 61A STS 5, STS 51B Donald Peterson Dumitru Prunariu Yuri Romanenko STS 6 Soyuz 40 Soyuz 26, Soyuz 38 Soyuz TM-2 Stuart Roosa Valeri Rozhdestvensky Nikolai Rukavishnikov Apollo 14 Soyuz 23 Soyuz 10, Soyuz 16, Soyuz 33 Svetlana Savitskaya Rusty Schweickart Vitali Sevastyonov Soyuz T-7, Soyuz T-12 Apollo 9 Soyuz 9, Soyuz 18 Georgi Shonin Anatoli Solovyov Gherman Titov Soyuz 6 Soyuz TM-5 Vostok 2 Igor Volk Taylor Wang Boris Yegorov Soyuz T-12 STS 51B Voskhod 1 This poster commemorates the 4th Planetary Congress of the Association of Space Ex- plorers (ASE). The Congress took place October 3-7, 1988 in Sofia, Bulgaria. Bearing the authentic and original signatures of thirty-nie of the participating astronauts from eleven nations, it is part of a series of limited Collector’s Edition posters that have been produced and signed at each ASE Congress since the Association was founded in 1985. -
Energiya BURAN the Soviet Space Shuttle.Pdf
Energiya±Buran The Soviet Space Shuttle Bart Hendrickx and Bert Vis Energiya±Buran The Soviet Space Shuttle Published in association with Praxis Publishing Chichester, UK Mr Bart Hendrickx Mr Bert Vis Russian Space Historian Space¯ight Historian Mortsel Den Haag Belgium The Netherlands SPRINGER±PRAXIS BOOKS IN SPACE EXPLORATION SUBJECT ADVISORY EDITOR: John Mason, M.Sc., B.Sc., Ph.D. ISBN978-0-387-69848-9 Springer Berlin Heidelberg NewYork Springer is part of Springer-Science + Business Media (springer.com) Library of Congress Control Number: 2007929116 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. # Praxis Publishing Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2007 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a speci®c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: Jim Wilkie Project management: Originator Publishing Services Ltd, Gt Yarmouth, Norfolk, UK Printed on acid-free paper Contents Ooedhpjmbhe ........................................ xiii Foreword (translation of Ooedhpjmbhe)........................ xv Authors' preface ....................................... xvii Acknowledgments ...................................... xix List of ®gures ........................................ xxi 1 The roots of Buran ................................. -
Other Soviet and Russian Cosmonaut Selections
Russia's Cosmonauts Inside the Yuri Gagarin Training Center Rex D. Hall, David J. Shayler and Bert Vis Russia's Cosmonauts Inside the Yuri Gagarin Training Center Published in association with Praxis Publishing Chichester, UK Rex D. Hall, MBE David J. Shayler Bert Vis Education Consultant Astronautical Historian Firefighter, Dutch Fire Service Chairman of the BIS Astro Info Service Den Haag London Halesowen The Netherlands UK West Midlands UK SPRINGER±PRAXIS BOOKS IN SPACE EXPLORATION SUBJECT ADVISORY EDITOR: John Mason B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. ISBN 0-387-21894-7 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer is a part of Springer Science + Business Media (springeronline.com) Library of Congress Control Number: 2005922814 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. # Copyright, 2005 Praxis Publishing Ltd. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: Jim Wilkie Project Copy Editor: Mike Shayler Typesetting: BookEns Ltd, Royston, Herts., UK Printed in Germany on acid-free paper This book is dedicated to the staff of the Cosmonaut Training Centre named for Yuri Gagarin who, over the last 40 years, have created a facility that has enabled science fiction to be turned into science fact. -
Table of Manned Space Flights Spacecalc
Table of Manned Space Flights SpaceCalc Total: 251 Crew Launch Land Duration By Robert A. Braeunig* Vostok 1 Yuri Gagarin 04/12/61 04/12/61 1h:48m First manned space flight (1 orbit). MR 3 Alan Shepard 05/05/61 05/05/61 15m:22s First American in space (suborbital). Freedom 7. MR 4 Virgil Grissom 07/21/61 07/21/61 15m:37s Second suborbital flight; spacecraft sank, Grissom rescued. Liberty Bell 7. Vostok 2 Guerman Titov 08/06/61 08/07/61 1d:01h:18m First flight longer than 24 hours (17 orbits). MA 6 John Glenn 02/20/62 02/20/62 04h:55m First American in orbit (3 orbits); telemetry falsely indicated heatshield unlatched. Friendship 7. MA 7 Scott Carpenter 05/24/62 05/24/62 04h:56m Initiated space flight experiments; manual retrofire error caused 250 mile landing overshoot. Aurora 7. Vostok 3 Andrian Nikolayev 08/11/62 08/15/62 3d:22h:22m First twinned flight, with Vostok 4. Vostok 4 Pavel Popovich 08/12/62 08/15/62 2d:22h:57m First twinned flight. On first orbit came within 3 miles of Vostok 3. MA 8 Walter Schirra 10/03/62 10/03/62 09h:13m Developed techniques for long duration missions (6 orbits); closest splashdown to target to date (4.5 miles). Sigma 7. MA 9 Gordon Cooper 05/15/63 05/16/63 1d:10h:20m First U.S. evaluation of effects of one day in space (22 orbits); performed manual reentry after systems failure, landing 4 miles from target. -
The Story of Space Station Mir David M Harland the Story of Space Station Mir
The Story of Space Station Mir David M Harland The Story of Space Station Mir Published in association with Praxis Publishing Chichester, UK David M Harland Space Historian Kelvinbridge Glasgow UK SPRINGER±PRAXIS BOOKS IN SPACE EXPLORATION SUBJECT ADVISORY EDITOR: John Mason B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. ISBN 0-387-23011-4 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer-Verlag is a part of Springer Science + Business Media (springeronline.com) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Harland, David M. (David Michael), 1955± The story of Space Station Mir / David M. Harland. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-387-23011-4 1. Mir (Space station) I. Title. TL797.H3724 2005 629.44'2'0947±dc22 2004058915 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. # Copyright, 2005 Praxis Publishing Ltd. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general -
Birds of a Feather? How Politics and Culture Affected the Designs of the U.S
Birds of a Feather? How Politics and Culture Affected the Designs of the U.S. Space Shuttle and the Soviet Buran by Stephen J. Garber Candidate for master's degree in Science and Technology Studies Virginia Tech - Northern Virginia campus Committee: Dr. Gary Downey (chair), Dr. Anne Fitzpatrick, Dr. Richard Hirsh January 2002 Keywords: Space Shuttle, Buran, technological style 1 1 1 Contents Chapter 1: Introduction p. 3 -The Political and Cultural Factors Argument -Background on the Two Shuttles -Literature Review Chapter 2: How Technology and Politics Intertwined p. 9 -The U.S. Shuttle's Development -Energiya-Buran Development Chapter 3: The Impact of Culture p. 25 -U.S. Technological Style and the Space Shuttle -Soviet Technological Style and the Energiya-Buran Chapter 4: Summary and Conclusions p. 43 Appendices: I. Key U.S. Figures p. 46 II. Key Soviet Figures p. 47 III. U.S. Bibliography p. 48 IV. Soviet Bibliography p. 54 V. Chronology p. 60 VI. Glossary p. 61 VII. Curriculum Vitae p. 62 2 2 2 Chapter One: Introduction -The Political and Cultural Factors Argument What can we learn from comparing similar technologies that were designed and built in different countries or cultures? Technical products depend upon both technical and non- technical goals as socio-cultural factors determine which projects get funded and how they are conceived, designed, and built. These qualitative socio-cultural factors mean that there is almost always more than one possible design solution for a particular problem. By comparing how two major space projects were conceptualized and designed in the United States and Soviet Union, this case study aims to illuminate more broadly how political and cultural factors can influence the selection of technical designs, as well as the general conduct of engineering and science, in the space sector. -
Soyuz-TM, Progress-M, Mir Career, and Comparative Chronology Sections to November 15, 1994
00000001 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19950016829 2020-06-16T08:11:25+00:00Z Thismicrofichewas producedaccordingto ql ANSIIIM Sta"ndardsIr ,_ andmeetsthe ' i . qualityspecifications ;,. containedtherein.A _' poorblowback.....I"mage istheresultofthe "t ' characteristiofcsthe original i. .e NASA RP 13,)7 / ) Mir H erltage _ ' David S, E Portree ! i. /2 " _J i ¢ (NASA-RP-I 3571 MTR HAKC)HARE N95°23249 HERITAGE Reference Pub|icationt 1977-199_ (NASA. Johnson Space Center) 220 _ Uncl as HlI18 0043889 March 1995 t , 171'' ' '" ' ',._ " 00000001-TSAO 00000001-TSA04 NASA Refk:rencc Publication 1357 _: Mir Hardware Heritage David S. E Portree • Information Services Division Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center : Houston, Texas .... Johnson Space Center Reference Series /" March 1995 00000001-TSA05 i" This publication is available from the NASA Center for Aerospace Information, 800 Elkridge Landing Road, Linthicum Heights, MD 21090-2934, (301) 621-0390 G 00000001-TSA06 Preface This document was prepared by the Information Services Division, Infi)rmation Systems Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, in response to the mtmy requests for information on Soviet/Russian spaceflight received by the Scientific r and Technical Information Center in the division's Information Management Branch. Wc hope this documen'_will be * helpful to anyone interested in Soviet/Russian spaceflight. In particular, we hope it will provide new insights to persons working on the Shuttlc-Mir missions and International Space Station Alpha. As a look at the sources listed at the end of each part will show, this work is based primarily on Russian sources, usually in English translation. Unfortunately, these sources often conflict. -
H063--FRONT Leaving Earth
by Robert Zimmerman Joseph Henry Press Washington, D.C. Joseph Henry Press • 500 Fifth Street, N.W. • Washington, D.C. 20001 The Joseph Henry Press, an imprint of the National Academies Press, was created with the goal of making books on science, technology, and health more widely available to professionals and the public. Joseph Henry was one of the founders of the National Academy of Sciences and a leader in early American science. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this volume are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences or its affiliated institutions. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Zimmerman, Robert, 1953- Leaving earth : space stations, rival superpowers, and the quest for interplanetary travel / by Robert Zimmerman. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-309-08548-9 (Hardcover) 1. Astronautics—History. 2. Outer space—Exploration—History. 3. Astronautics—Political aspects—History. I. Title. TL788.5.Z55 2003 2003007637 Cover: First two modules of the International Space Station. Photo by NASA/ Science Photo Library. Copyright 2003 by Robert Zimmerman. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. To my wife Diane, who knows how to help me write. Contents Acknowledgments ix Preface xi 1. Skyscrapers in the Sky 1 2. Salyut: “I Wanted Him to Come Home.” 19 3. Skylab: A Glorious Forgotten Triumph 48 4. The Early Salyuts: “The Prize of All People” 81 5. Salyut 6: The End of Isolation 114 6. Salyut 7: Phoenix in Space 163 7. Freedom: “You’ve Got to Put on Your Management Hat .