DOCSLIB.ORG

Graduate Division

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Graduate Division "AllI Eat is ARVS" Living wfuh HIV/AIDS at the Dawn of the Treatment Era in Crntral Mozambique L.oy Ippolpos AndreasKalofonos DISSERTATION : Subminedin panial satisfactionof the requirementsfor the degreeof DOCTOR.OT PHILOSOPFIY in the GRADUATEDIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SA].TFRANICSICO ANTD UNIVERSITYOF CALIFORMA" BERKELEY Copyright (2008) By Ippolytos Andreas Kalofonos ii for my parents iii Acknowledgements Many people in Mozambique and North America have helped produce the ideas voiced in this dissertation, though I bear full responsibility for mistakes and errors. I am thankful for the collaboration and generosity of all the organizations, institutions, and individuals that welcomed me as a researcher. Though confidentiality and space prevents me from naming everyone I’d like to thank, I am indebted to those who opened their homes and their lives to me. I am especially grateful to the many people living with HIV/AIDS I met in associations, clinics, and homes all over Mozambique. I cannot mention their names, but I owe them the greatest thanks. In central Mozambique, I’d like to especially thank the groups I call Upenhu, Simba, and APTAM for welcoming me and guiding me through their work and daily lives. Individuals within these groups spent countless hours with me, and their contributions form an immeasurable portion of the dissertation. Ana Rita Boane provided the indispensable service of translation and transcription. She also served as an able guide through Chimoio’s bairros and became a good friend. I am grateful to the staff of the Provincial Health Directorate and the Day Hospitals in Chimoio, Beira, Gondola, Manica, and Catandica, especially Dr. Jaqueta, Salabai, Jorgina, Mario Capece, Araujo, Americo Chimoio, Teresa, Margarida Tomas, Sara, the late Ernesto Aniva, Tomas, Augusto Cunguara, and Dr. Diederike. The field staff of Health Alliance International (HAI) helped me navigate the necessary bureaucratic procedures for conducting research in Mozambique, and offered office space and their own valuable insights and experience gained from over two decades working on health issues in the region. Many thanks go to Nancy Ibraimo, Kenny Sherr, the late Apolinario Soares, Wendy iv Johnson, Pablo Montoya, Wendy Prosser, Maria Ana Chadreque Correia, and James Pfeiffer, and from Seattle, Steve Gloyd and Mary Anne Mercer. In Maputo I’d like to thank Alfredo Vergara for his generosity in helping me get started on my initial trip. Sandy McGunegill welcomed me to Maputo and provided a lot of practical advice and orientation. I am also grateful to Julie Cliff and Felisbela Gaspar for their assistance in understanding the dynamics of health and disease in Mozambique. I benefited from discussion and exchange with Erling Høg when we were both initiating our research, and I thank him for his generosity in providing me with documents I have used here. I am grateful for the many colleagues and friends I have found in the UCSF – UCB Joint Program in Medical Anthropology. My dissertation committee has inspired me through their own work as well as through their advice and support. I thank Vincanne Adams for providing rigorous, enthusiastic, and attentive guidance throughout my study and for instruction in medical anthropology that has challenged me to think and see in new ways. Philippe Bourgois has been a source of moral as well as intellectual support; his passion, sincerity, and integrity kept me sane through many personal and professional challenges I faced during this process. Nancy Scheper-Hughes’ work inspired me to major in anthropology as an undergraduate at UCSD. Her close engagement and insightful feedback clarified the stakes of this project, and her critical commitment continues to serve as a challenge and inspiration. I am also grateful for Vinh-Kim Nguyen’s many contributions and encouragement. His example as a theoretically and pragmatically engaged physician-scholar is tremendously inspiring and invaluable to those of us trying to follow a similar path. Janet Wojcicki from my orals committee helped guide me through the preparation for my research, offering valuable advice. v I may never have considered getting a PhD in anthropology were it not for the example of Paul Farmer, and I may not have actually pursued it were it not for the persistent advice of Harvey Weinstein, my advisor in the Joint Medical Program. Harvey encouraged me to pursue this path, and he serves as a role model through his own engaged research and teaching. Seth Holmes also deserves thanks for blazing the trail that I followed at UCSF, and for friendship, advice, and support from his vantage point two steps ahead. Judith Justice has been an indefatigable supporter and friend, and our discussions regarding the realities and the politics of international health are invaluable. Dan Ciccarone and Niranjan Karnik have also been important mentors at crucial points in my education. Mariane Ferme was instrumental in my preparation for work in Mozambique, as was the UCB Center for African Studies. I thank Martha Saavedra and Amma Oduro for their hard work supporting students working in the African Studies. Funding came from the following sources: the Regent’s Fellowship, UCSF Graduate Division; the UCSF School of Medicine Rainer’s Fund; the UCB Center for African Studies Rocca Research Awards; the UCB Foreign Language and Area Studies Award; the Fulbright- Hayes Fellowship; the UC President’s Dissertation Year Fellowship; and the Roskilde University Guest PhD Fellowship. I also was a HAI volunteer researcher for the summer of 2004 in Chimoio. Claire Dunne and Kimberly Bissell provided critical institutional support and their close contact kept me a part of the departmental community throughout my travels. Maureen Mitchell and Ron James have been extremely supportive in helping me navigate the various divisions, school, and programs at UCSF. I have been fortunate to present parts of this work and receive feedback in the following seminars and conferences: the Symposium on AIDS, Citizenship, and Governance in Southern Africa in Cape Town; The Social Impacts of ARV Scale-up at Columbia vi University; UCSF Social Medicine Grand Rounds; the UCSF Department of Anthropology, History, and Social Medicine Dissertation Talk; Religious Engagements with AIDS in Africa in Copenhagen; and the PhD seminar of the Graduate School of International Development Studies at Roskilde University. Special thanks to my hosts in Roskilde, especially Lisa Richey, Christian Lund, and Inge Jensen, who provided me with a stimulating environment conducive to writing. Perhaps the most important and certainly one of the happiest developments of the PhD process has been the emergence of a network of colleagues, friends, and confidants with whom to share work and experiences. Thurka Sangaramoorthy and Jennifer Liu have been constant companions every step of the dissertation process, from preparation for seminars and oral exams to virtual dissertation writing groups and conference calls, and I can’t imagine having finished without their support. Michael Walker has been a steady colleague and friend in Mozambique and in the US. Thanks also to Elise Carpenter, Adia Benton, Julie Livingstone, Lisa Richey, and Susan Reynolds-Whyte for close readings and critical feedback of portions of this dissertation. I appreciate the copy-editing from Liza Buchbinder, Johanna Crane, Ben Hickler, Robin Higashi, Saida Hodzic, Kelly Knight, Grace Ma, Meg Stalcup, Elise, and Adia. Thank you, friends! Over the past six years, I have called many places home, and I am grateful to all who have provided me with an environment of care and support. In Berkeley: the Bus Stop Co- op and the Oxford Street Greek Compound; in San Francisco: Tom and Liz Hall; in Mozambique: Wendy Prosser, Stephan Spatt, Claudia Szivatz, Remko Berkhout, Alexandre Lourenço, Pedro, Jorge Rafael, Linda Milhone, Clara Chinacaj, Mãe Fatima, Mãe Rupia, Pastor Munachos, Rosa Paolo, Lurdes, Ernesto Pechisso, Henrique Matando, Suzanne vii Smith, and Erin Murtagh; in Copenhagen: Lisa Richey and Rasmus Holmgård; in NYC: Garth, Anthony, Amit, and Manasi. My family has been a steady source of faith, optimism, and care: thanks Mimi, Mami, Po, Karen, Eggy, Hilliary, Jackie, Dave, and the Princesses. Final thanks go to Katy, for inspiring me to create, for accompanying this work from near and from far, and for always believing in me. viii ABSTRACT “All I Eat is ARVs” Living with HIV/AIDS at the Dawn of the Treatment Era in Central Mozambique by Ippolytos Kalofonos Antiretroviral (ARV) treatment first became publicly available in Mozambique in June of 2004. The steadily rising count of “lives saved” seems to represent a success story of high-tech treatment being provided in one of the poorest contexts in the world, and in some ways it does, as people with AIDS are experiencing dramatic recoveries and living longer. But the numbers say little about how life has changed for people with the disease. This ethnographic study uses participant observation and in-depth interviews to offer accounts of people living with HIV/AIDS at the start of the “treatment era” in central Mozambique. In a context of chronic underemployment and threadbare public infrastructure, the HIV positive status offered eligibility for free medical care and other material benefits. The number of those eligible for benefits far outnumbered availability, however, triggering intense competition amongst the HIV positive and widespread cynicism about the entire AIDS effort. Extraordinary
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mozambique Zambia South Africa Zimbabwe Tanzania
    UNITED NATIONS MOZAMBIQUE Geospatial 30°E 35°E 40°E L a k UNITED REPUBLIC OF 10°S e 10°S Chinsali M a l a w TANZANIA Palma i Mocimboa da Praia R ovuma Mueda ^! Lua Mecula pu la ZAMBIA L a Quissanga k e NIASSA N Metangula y CABO DELGADO a Chiconono DEM. REP. OF s a Ancuabe Pemba THE CONGO Lichinga Montepuez Marrupa Chipata MALAWI Maúa Lilongwe Namuno Namapa a ^! gw n Mandimba Memba a io u Vila úr L L Mecubúri Nacala Kabwe Gamito Cuamba Vila Ribáué MecontaMonapo Mossuril Fingoè FurancungoCoutinho ^! Nampula 15°S Vila ^! 15°S Lago de NAMPULA TETE Junqueiro ^! Lusaka ZumboCahora Bassa Murrupula Mogincual K Nametil o afu ezi Namarrói Erego e b Mágoè Tete GiléL am i Z Moatize Milange g Angoche Lugela o Z n l a h m a bez e i ZAMBEZIA Vila n azoe Changara da Moma n M a Lake Chemba Morrumbala Maganja Bindura Guro h Kariba Pebane C Namacurra e Chinhoyi Harare Vila Quelimane u ^! Fontes iq Marondera Mopeia Marromeu b am Inhaminga Velha oz P M úngu Chinde Be ni n è SOFALA t of ManicaChimoio o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o gh ZIMBABWE o Bi Mutare Sussundenga Dondo Gweru Masvingo Beira I NDI A N Bulawayo Chibabava 20°S 20°S Espungabera Nova OCE A N Mambone Gwanda MANICA e Sav Inhassôro Vilanculos Chicualacuala Mabote Mapai INHAMBANE Lim Massinga p o p GAZA o Morrumbene Homoíne Massingir Panda ^! National capital SOUTH Inhambane Administrative capital Polokwane Guijá Inharrime Town, village o Chibuto Major airport Magude MaciaManjacazeQuissico International boundary AFRICA Administrative boundary MAPUTO Xai-Xai 25°S Nelspruit Main road 25°S Moamba Manhiça Railway Pretoria MatolaMaputo ^! ^! 0 100 200km Mbabane^!Namaacha Boane 0 50 100mi !\ Bela Johannesburg Lobamba Vista ESWATINI Map No.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mozambican National Resistance (Renamo) As Described by Ex-Patticipants
    The Mozambican National Resistance (Renamo) as Described by Ex-patticipants Research Report Submitted to: Ford Foundation and Swedish International Development Agency William Minter, Ph.D. Visiting Researcher African Studies Program Georgetown University Washington, DC March, 1989 Copyright Q 1989 by William Minter Permission to reprint, excerpt or translate this report will be granted provided that credit is given rind a copy sent to the author. For more information contact: William Minter 1839 Newton St. NW Washington, DC 20010 U.S.A. INTRODUCTION the top levels of the ruling Frelirno Party, local party and government officials helped locate amnestied ex-participants For over a decade the Mozambican National Resistance and gave access to prisoners. Selection was on the basis of the (Renamo, or MNR) has been the principal agent of a desuuctive criteria the author presented: those who had spent more time as war against independent Mozambique. The origin of the group Renamo soldiers. including commanders, people with some as a creation of the Rhodesian government in the mid-1970s is education if possible, adults rather than children. In a number of well-documented, as is the transfer of sponsorship to the South cases, the author asked for specific individuals by name, previ- African government after white Rhodesia gave way to inde- ously identified from the Mozambican press or other sources. In pendent Zimbabwe in 1980. no case were any of these refused, although a couple were not The results of the war have attracted increasing attention geographically accessible. from the international community in recent years. In April 1988 Each interview was carried out individually, out of hearing the report written by consultant Robert Gersony for the U.
    [Show full text]
  • Women, War and Peace in Mozambique: the Case of Manica Province
    Women, war and peace in Mozambique: The case of Manica Province Mark Chingono* Abstract The Mozambican civil war, 1977–1992, left an ambiguous legacy for women. Whilst women were among the most vulnerable victims of the war, in some ways they were also its unintended benefi ciaries. The civil war, by weakening both the state and the traditional family, offered unprecedented opportunities for women to break free from patriarchal control. Especially decisive were women’s own responses to the war, which in turn were a function of their pre-war situation, class, and personal history. Some women managed to see and seize opportunities in their predicament and prospered, especially as informal entrepreneurs, while many others succumbed to their fate. A few even engaged in civil society activism, for instance, setting up victim support networks and participating in peacebuilding. This paper shows that, while destroying society the war also catalysed the process of gender transformation, social fragmentation and civil society activism. It concludes that violent confl ict is a moment of choice, in which individual and collective responses create opportunities and/or constraints. Keywords: Women, war victims, activism, patriarchy, emancipation, Mozambique * Dr Mark Chingono (Ph.D., University of Cambridge, 1994) is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Political and Administrative Studies, University of Swaziland. He has researched and published on violence, gender, religion, conflict resolution, civil society, the state and the environment. 107 Mark Chingono Introduction Barely two years after independence in 1975 Mozambique was plunged into a vicious civil war, which ended in 1992 after the internationally-mediated Rome peace talks (Vines 1991; Chingono 2005; Berkley Center for Religion, Peace and World Affairs 2013).
    [Show full text]
  • Market Integration in Mozambique
    Market Integration in Mozambique A Non-Parametric Extension to the Threshold Model Bjorn Van Campenhout One of the main drawbacks of current methods to measure market integration is the assumption of constant transaction costs. In this paper, we propose a non-parametric extension to the commonly used threshold models, allowing us to estimate transaction costs in a more flexible way. We illustrate the method using weekly price data on maize collected in selected markets in Mozambique. November 2012 WORKING PAPER 4 | November 2012 INTRODUCTION A well-integrated market system is central to a well-functioning market economy (Dercon, 1995). As production decisions are based on observed prices, the most efficient allocation of resources would come about when prices represent scarcity conditions. In other words, a large network of markets connected by fast and efficient arbitrage is needed in order to exploit spatial comparative advantages (Fackler and Goodwin, 2001). Apart from this general reason, well connected markets are also important for food security. Indeed, the answer to the question how long an initially localized scarcity can be expected to persist entirely depends on how well this market is integrated into the wider economy (Ravallion, 1986). While a better integrated market may experience more volatility (since now price changes in further away markets will also influence the price in the market), extreme prices (both low and high) will be less extreme and less common (as a price increase will attract more traders from further away and price decreases will lead to exports to places further away). The price risk in a particular location will be spread over a larger geographical area when markets become better integrated.
    [Show full text]
  • MOZAMBIQUE SITUATION REPORT – 29 March 2019
    UNICEF MOZAMBIQUE SITUATION REPORT – 29 March 2019 MOZAMBIQUE Humanitarian Situation Report CTC in Beira city Cyclone Idai Situation Report 3: 22 – 29 March 2019 SITUATION IN NUMBERS* Highlights At least 140,784 people have been displaced from Cyclone Idai and the severe SITUATION IN NUMBERS flooding. Most of the displaced are hosted in 161 transit centers set up in Sofala, Manica, Zambezia and Tete provinces. 1.85 million As of 31 March, 517 cholera cases and one death have been reported, People in need by the including 246 cases on 31 March alone with 211 cases from one bairo. Eleven cyclone/floods (HRP 2019) cholera treatment centres (CTC) have been set up (seven are already functional) to address cholera in Sofala. UNICEF supported the Health 1 million provincial directorate to install the CTC in Macurungo and Ponta Gea in Beira Children in need by the city, providing five tents, cholera beds and medicines to treat at least 6,000 cyclone /floods people. UNICEF has procured and shipped 884,953 doses of Oral Cholera Vaccine 500,000 (OCV) that will arrive in Beira on 01 April to support the OCV vaccination Children targeted through campaign expected to start on 3 April. humanitarian interventions With support of UNICEF and DFID, the water supply system in Beira resumed by UNICEF its operations on 22 March providing water to about 300,000 people. UNICEF has been supporting the FIPAG-water supply operator with fuel – 9,000 liters 965,000 of fuel per day, and the provision of chemicals for water treatment. Water People targeted through supply systems for Sussundenga and Nhamatanda small towns have also been humanitarian interventions re-established.
    [Show full text]
  • Mozambique Shelter Cluster Market Assessment (Timber, Poles and Bamboo)
    MOZAMBIQUE SHELTER CLUSTER MARKET ASSESSMENT (TIMBER, POLES AND BAMBOO) OCTOBER 2016 CHRISTOPHER M. REICHERT, MPH LUCIO COCCONI [email protected] [email protected] INDEPENDENT CONSULTANT SHELTER CLUSTER TECHNICAL ADVISOR ASSESESSMENT COORDINATOR Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Acronyms ...................................................................................................................................................... 4 Tables and Annexes ...................................................................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 6 Objectives and Methods ............................................................................................................................... 7 Background ................................................................................................................................................... 9 Idai ........................................................................................................................................................ .9 Current program
    [Show full text]
  • Mozambique Flood Response Update (As of 21 March 2019)
    Mozambique Flood Response update (as of 21 March 2019) WFP Mozambique: Satellite detected waters, as of 20 March Overview • On 19 March, the Mozambique Council of Ministers declared a state of National Emergency. • Beira continues to be completely inaccessible by road although port and airport are operating. • EDM dispatched 9 generators from Maputo to Beira through a chartered aircraft. The equipment will provide the alternative electricity supply to the city while technical teams work to restore the normal operation of the city Logistics Cluster: Access Constraints, as of 21 March system. • Commercial life is getting back to normal in Beira with shops opening and street vendors selling goods. • People continue to be isolated by flood waters and road damage in Manica, and accommodation centres have been set up in Chimoio, Gondola, Macate and Sussundenga. General updates • The emergency declaration triggered an official request for activation of the Food Security Cluster, Logistics Cluster, Emergency Telecommunication Cluster and Water & Sanitation Cluster. • An updated appeal is currently under preparation by the Humanitarian Country Team. WFP Response • WFP is rushing food and other assistance to victims of the cyclone and flooding and cyclone and has reached 26,000 to date. • WFP high-energy biscuits (HEBs) have been airlifted to isolated pockets of people stranded by the floodwaters in flooded areas in Buzi and surrounding areas. • WFP is also distributing Corn Soya Blend (CSB) accommodation centers in Beira and Dondo. • The first WFP-run United Nations Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS) helicopter arrived in Beira yesterday and was deployed today for airlifts. • WFP-funded drones have been supporting rapid assessments and help the rescue teams locating victims trapped in the flooded areas in Sofala.
    [Show full text]
  • The Civil Wars of the 20Th and 21St Century: Global War As Seen from Mozambique
    The civil wars of the 20th and 21st century: Global war as seen from Mozambique Bjørn Enge Bertelsen Dept. of social anthropology University of Bergen, Norway [email protected] Paper to be presented at the panel “Guerra Civil em Moçambique” at the conference “V conferência internacional do IESE: Desafios da investigação social e económica en tempos de crise”, 19-21 September 2017, Maputo. DRAFT – PLEASE DO NOT QUOTE WITHOUT PERMISSION Abstract What one can label the civil wars of the 20th and 21st century in Mozambique – with particular periods of intensity from 1976 to 1992 and from 2013 until now – have profoundly shaped the post-independence era in terms of socio-economic trajectories, political subjectivities, troubling legacies and memories, regional divisions, and much more. What can such a protracted period of recurring instances of civil war learn us about war in general – at a global level? How can the harrowing experiences of violence and suffering instantiated on Mozambican soil inform our comprehension of war in a global age of permanent violent clashes, of omnipresent militarism and of an increasingly belligerent state form? Rather than insularizing or exceptionalizing the Mozambican civil wars – by way of emphasising local and purely national dynamics or by way of labelling or typologizing these in terms of macroeconomic or political schemata conforming to certain preconceived ideas of wars and unrest in the global South – I will in this paper attempt to draw on my own ethnographic material from Manica province as well as other analyses to answer such questions. The overall aim of the paper will then be to use the available material on the civil wars in Mozambique as a prism for analysing, understanding and redefining the nature of contemporary global war and political-military dynamics more generally.
    [Show full text]
  • Violence War, State, and Anthropology in Mozambique
    1 Violence War, State, and Anthropology in Mozambique How is one to make sense of state formation as a predominantly violent process? More concretely, how is one, as an anthropologist, to under- stand one’s interlocutors’ repeated insistence on life being a sustained period of suffering (sofrimento)? One point at which to start is with the most recent large-scale period of violence, namely the Mozambican civil war (1976–92). During this phase of violent upheaval, the traditional fi eld was implicated in complex ways and its reality as a domain of the potential was actualized in various manners vis-à-vis state dynamics and war machine dynamics. By describing the civil war as it was experi- enced and as it unfolded in Honde and Chimoio, this chapter gradually zooms in on and historically contextualizes what I term the rural-urban continuum of fi eldwork sites. In introducing the fi eldwork sites, I will also emphasize how Honde and Chimoio must not be seen as pristine localities into which one enters but rather physical sites in which social confi gurations, practices, memberships, and the fi eld of the traditional have been continuously and violently altered by ongoing processes of state formation—most recently and most dramatically by the civil war. Independence and Civil War The space on the East African coast that gradually became Mozambique was under Portuguese colonial rule for almost fi ve hundred years until its 1975 independence. The process of colonization and state formation Berghahn Open Access Edition- Not for Resale Violence 27 in Mozambique was multistranded and gave rise to various forms of ter- ritorialization and structures for capturing the labor force of the popula- tion—also including non-Portuguese polities of the state kind.
    [Show full text]
  • The Employment Effect of FDI Bonanzas: Evidence From
    The employment effect of FDI bonanzas: Evidence from Mozambique Gerhard Toews University of Oxford Pierre-Louis Vézina King’s College London March 27, 2017 Giant discovery in Mozambique Was there an FDI bonanza in Mozambique? .15 6000 .1 4000 $ millions MOZ share .05 2000 0 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 MOZ share of SSA FDI FDI inflows to MOZ (right axis) Source: UNCTAD FDI projects in Mozambique (2009-2014) FDI projects by sector Table: Projects by sector Sector 2003-2008 2009-2014 Construction 4 11 Extraction 3 3 Manufacturing 9 16 Services 9 65 Transportation 0 8 Total 25 103 Source: fDiMarkets Did FDI create jobs? 10000 8000 6000 4000 Non−extraction−FDI jobs created 2000 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 MOZ synthetic MOZ The fDiMarkets data suggests that foreign firms created around 10,000 jobs in the following 3 years. Can we trust this number? To check, we estimate the impact of these FDI projects on jobs using Mozambique’s Household Surveys (Inquérito sobre orçamento familiar, 2002 - 2008/09 - 2014/15) Isn’t it obvious that FDI creates jobs? No positive effects of FDI on employment in Southern and Central and Eastern European regions (Marelli et al., 2014) FDI in manufacturing has only weak effects on employment across US states (Axarloglou and Pournarakis, 2007) Foreign supermarkets (mostly Wal-Mart) have no effect on city-level employment in Mexico (Atkin et al., 2015) So, has the boom in FDI projects across Mozambique increased employment or not? FDI projects and job creation: A first look at the data
    [Show full text]
  • Mozambique Food Security Update: January 20, 2000
    Mozambique Food Security Update: January 20, 2000 HIGHLIGHTS Ø Below normal rains fell over most of southern Mozambique during December. Rainfall was mixed in central areas, with coastal areas receiving above-normal rainfall and inland areas below-normal rainfall. Most northern areas continued to receive above-normal rainfall during December. Xai-Xai reported the lowest cumulative rainfall, with 60 mm, while Beira reported the wettest conditions, with 289 mm. The Southern Africa Climate Outlook Forum had previously forecast above-normal rains for January, February and March 2001. Ø The water levels of Rios Incomati, Limpopo, and Umbeluzi decreased substantially in December 2000, relieving fears of early flooding in these areas. However, the water level of Rio Zambeze continues to rise, causing concern. Rio Chire flooded in some areas, displacing almost 600 people in Zambezia Province. Ø Crops are performing well as adequate rains continued falling in December. Annual crops are in the flowering and grain-filling stages in the southern and central zones of the country. The Ministry of Agriculture (MADER) expects overall cereal production to increase by six percent this year over last year’s level. This increase is mainly due to an expansion in the area under production and good rainfall distribution. Most of the increased production will come from maize, as rice production is forecast to drop by almost 20 percent from last year’s level. Ø The government has approved the Contingency Plan for 2000/01 (May-April). The Plan empowers the local community to respond for natural disasters. Ø As of January 2001, national cereal stock levels were adequate to meet consumption needs.
    [Show full text]
  • Mozambique 3706 R6 May 16 125%
    L a k UNITED REPUBLIC OF e UNITED REPUBLIC OF MOZAMBIQUE M Cabo Delgado M uma a TANZANIA v Palma Ru Lake l A a Bangweulu w Mocimboa da Praia i L a Mueda lo Lake Rovum ssa Chifungwe Licoma Is. e (MALAWI) Mecula M A L a da CABO ZAMBIA k en Quissanga e g W Metangula u L DELGADO DEMOCRATIC N y Chiconono Ancuabe REPUBLIC OF a Pemba I s Marrupa THE CONGO a Lichinga Montepuez a w ng a Namuno u NIASSA L Lilongwe Namapa Maúa rio Vila Gamito Lú Memba Mandimba Vila Coutinho Mecubúri Nacala Cuamba po Furancungo Lake N A MPULA ona Malombe M Fíngoè Ribáuè Mossuril TETE Meconta Moçambique Lago de Lake Nampula Cahora Bassa Cahora Bassa Dam Lusaka Zumbo Chilwa Vila Junqueiro Murrupula L Mogincual i Nametil ezi Magué Namarrói g mb Moatize Erego o Za Gile n Milange h Angoche Tete Za a m Li Lugela Ilha Angoche bez cu e ng Changara o ZAMBÉZIA Moma Lake Kariba Chemba Morrumbala Pebane e l Guro Namacurra Vila da Maganja n n a Harare Vila Fontes Quelimane h Mopeia Velha C Marromeu Inhaminga Chinde SOFALA e Manica u ZIMBABWE Chimoio q Sussundenga i b MANICA Dondo BeiraBeira m a uzi Chibabava Espungabera B z o MOZAMBIQUE Nova Mambone M Save Inhassôro Ilha do Bazaruto Ilha Benguérua Chicualacuala Mabote Vilanculos Ponta São Sebastião BOTSWANA INHAMBANE C h o Mapai a Ponta da Barra Falsa p L n o i p m g m p a INDIAN OCEAN i GAZA n Massinga L o p e o Morrumbene Massingir Homoine Inhambane s Panda ant lif O GuijaGuijá Inharrime National capital ChibutoChibito Quissico SOUTH AFRICA Magude Manjacaze Provincial capital Macia Xai-Xai Manhiça Town, village Moamba Airport Maputo Namaacha 0 50 100 150 200 km International boundary Pretoria Boane MAPUTO Bela Vista 0 50 100 150 mi Provincial boundary Mbabane Main road The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the Railroad SWAZILAND United Nations.
    [Show full text]