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L a k UNITED REPUBLIC OF e UNITED REPUBLIC OF MOZAMBIQUE M Cabo Delgado M uma a TANZANIA v Palma Ru Lake l A a Bangweulu w Mocimboa da Praia i L a Mueda lo Lake Rovum ssa Chifungwe Licoma Is. e (MALAWI) Mecula M A L a da CABO ZAMBIA k en Quissanga e g W Metangula u L DELGADO DEMOCRATIC N y Chiconono Ancuabe REPUBLIC OF a Pemba I s Marrupa THE CONGO a Lichinga Montepuez a w ng a Namuno u NIASSA L Lilongwe Namapa Maúa rio Vila Gamito Lú Memba Mandimba Vila Coutinho Mecubúri Nacala Cuamba po Furancungo Lake N A MPULA ona Malombe M Fíngoè Ribáuè Mossuril TETE Meconta Moçambique Lago de Lake Nampula Cahora Bassa Cahora Bassa Dam Lusaka Zumbo Chilwa Vila Junqueiro Murrupula L Mogincual i Nametil ezi Magué Namarrói g mb Moatize Erego o Za Gile n Milange h Angoche Tete Za a m Li Lugela Ilha Angoche bez cu e ng Changara o ZAMBÉZIA Moma Lake Kariba Chemba Morrumbala Pebane e l Guro Namacurra Vila da Maganja n n a Harare Vila Fontes Quelimane h Mopeia Velha C Marromeu Inhaminga Chinde SOFALA e Manica u ZIMBABWE Chimoio q Sussundenga i b MANICA Dondo BeiraBeira m a uzi Chibabava Espungabera B z o MOZAMBIQUE Nova Mambone M Save Inhassôro Ilha do Bazaruto Ilha Benguérua Chicualacuala Mabote Vilanculos Ponta São Sebastião BOTSWANA INHAMBANE C h o Mapai a Ponta da Barra Falsa p L n o i p m g m p a INDIAN OCEAN i GAZA n Massinga L o p e o Morrumbene Massingir Homoine Inhambane s Panda ant lif O GuijaGuijá Inharrime National capital ChibutoChibito Quissico SOUTH AFRICA Magude Manjacaze Provincial capital Macia Xai-Xai Manhiça Town, village Moamba Airport Maputo Namaacha 0 50 100 150 200 km International boundary Pretoria Boane MAPUTO Bela Vista 0 50 100 150 mi Provincial boundary Mbabane Main road The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the Railroad SWAZILAND United Nations. Map No. 3706 Rev. 6 UNITED NATIONS Department of Field Support May 2016 Geospatial Information Section (formerly Cartographic Section).

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2.4 Mozambique Railway Assessment Railways Overview
2.4 Mozambique Railway Assessment Railways Overview Page 1 Page 2 The Mozambique Ports and Railways Administration (CFM) was created in 1931. The railway system was developed in order to be connected with the three main ports of Maputo, Beira and Nacala, mainly to provide a fast, safe and efficient transit transportation service for mineral and agriculture exports from South Africa, Zimbabwe and Malawi, and for some national traffic from landlocked provinces. The main railway network is about 2,500 km long, distributed in three systems in the South, Central and North, each with 1,067 mm (3’6”) gauge (cape gauge) that is compatible with neighbouring railways networks. The railway system was designed mainly for goods transportation, i.e. there are little passenger rail services in the country. On the other hand, there is no direct rail connection between the three systems inside Mozambique territory; connections are however available via neighbouring countries. The railways were severely targeted by acts of war after the independence of Mozambique in 1975, first by Rhodesian forces prior to Zimbabwe’s independence in 1980, and then during the civil war in Mozambique which lasted until the nineties. These acts of war inflicted major damages on railway lines and bridges, and on locomotives and wagons that consequently disrupted traffic. Recent extensive infrastructure rehabilitation and locomotive and rolling stock renewal programmes undertaken across all three networks, combined with some strategic management concessions, have brought railways back to adequate operational conditions and to be reliable transportation services. Plans exist to augment the capacity of the current railway system and to build new lines to serve the growing mineral market, which mainly consists of coal from the Tete province.
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The Case of African Cities
Towards Urban Resource Flow Estimates in Data Scarce Environments: The Case of African Cities The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Currie, Paul, et al. "Towards Urban Resource Flow Estimates in Data Scarce Environments: The Case of African Cities." Journal of Environmental Protection 6, 9 (September 2015): 1066-1083 © 2015 Author(s) As Published 10.4236/JEP.2015.69094 Publisher Scientific Research Publishing, Inc, Version Final published version Citable link https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124946 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license Detailed Terms https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Journal of Environmental Protection, 2015, 6, 1066-1083 Published Online September 2015 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/jep http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jep.2015.69094 Towards Urban Resource Flow Estimates in Data Scarce Environments: The Case of African Cities Paul Currie1*, Ethan Lay-Sleeper2, John E. Fernández2, Jenny Kim2, Josephine Kaviti Musango3 1School of Public Leadership, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa 2Department of Architecture, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA 3School of Public Leadership, and the Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies (CRSES), Stellenbosch, South Africa Email: *[email protected] Received 29 July 2015; accepted 20 September 2015; published 23 September 2015 Copyright © 2015 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract Data sourcing challenges in African nations have led many African urban infrastructure develop- ments to be implemented with minimal scientific backing to support their success.
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Women, War and Peace in Mozambique: the Case of Manica Province
Women, war and peace in Mozambique: The case of Manica Province Mark Chingono* Abstract The Mozambican civil war, 1977–1992, left an ambiguous legacy for women. Whilst women were among the most vulnerable victims of the war, in some ways they were also its unintended beneﬁ ciaries. The civil war, by weakening both the state and the traditional family, offered unprecedented opportunities for women to break free from patriarchal control. Especially decisive were women’s own responses to the war, which in turn were a function of their pre-war situation, class, and personal history. Some women managed to see and seize opportunities in their predicament and prospered, especially as informal entrepreneurs, while many others succumbed to their fate. A few even engaged in civil society activism, for instance, setting up victim support networks and participating in peacebuilding. This paper shows that, while destroying society the war also catalysed the process of gender transformation, social fragmentation and civil society activism. It concludes that violent conﬂ ict is a moment of choice, in which individual and collective responses create opportunities and/or constraints. Keywords: Women, war victims, activism, patriarchy, emancipation, Mozambique * Dr Mark Chingono (Ph.D., University of Cambridge, 1994) is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Political and Administrative Studies, University of Swaziland. He has researched and published on violence, gender, religion, conflict resolution, civil society, the state and the environment. 107 Mark Chingono Introduction Barely two years after independence in 1975 Mozambique was plunged into a vicious civil war, which ended in 1992 after the internationally-mediated Rome peace talks (Vines 1991; Chingono 2005; Berkley Center for Religion, Peace and World Affairs 2013).
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