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Florarioplatense Asteraceae: Cichorieae FLORA RIOPLATENSE Sistemática, ecología y etnobotánica de las plantas vasculares rioplatenses Julio A. Hurrell Director SOCIEDAD ARGENTINA DE BOTÁNICA www.botanicargentina.com.ar 119 Flora Rioplatense 2, 7a Hurrell, Julio Flora rioplatense: sistemática, ecología y etnobotánica de las plantas vasculares rioplatenses: II. Dicotiledóneas.- 1a ed.- Buenos Aires: Sociedad Argentina de Botánica, 2013. v. 7, 304 p.: il.; 24x15 cm. ISBN 978-987-97012-9-4 1. Botánica. I. Título CDD 580 Fecha de catalogación: 14/08/2013 Copyright © Sociedad Argentina de Botánica (SAB) Dirección actual: Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (UNNE-CONICET) Sargento Cabral 2131, Casilla de Correo 209, W3402BKG - Corrientes. Tel.: 03783-422006 int. 164. e-mail: [email protected] http://www.botanicargentina.com.ar Quedan reservados los derechos para todos los países. Ninguna parte de esta publicación, incluido el diseño gráfico de la tapa y de las páginas interiores pueden ser reproducidas, almacenadas o transmitidas de ninguna forma, ni por ningún medio, sea éste electrónico, mecánico, grabación, fotocopia, o cualquier otro, sin la previa autorización escrita de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica. Queda hecho el depósito que previene la ley 11.723 Printed in Argentina ISBN Obra completa: 978-987-1533-01-5 (LOLA, Literature of Latin America) ISBN Parte III. Vol. 1: 978-987-1533-02-2 (LOLA, Literature of Latin America, 2008) ISBN Parte III. Vol. 4: 978-987-1533-08-4 (LOLA, Literature of Latin America, 2009) ISBN Parte II. Vol. 7a: 978-987-97012-9-4 (Sociedad Argentina de Botánica, 2013) Esta edición se imprimió en Talleres Gráficos LUX S.A., H. Yrigoyen 2463, S3000BLE Santa Fe, República Argentina. Se utilizó, para su interior, papel ilustración de 115 grs. y, para sus tapas, ilustración de 300 grs. Foto de tapa: Taraxacum officinale WEBER ex F. H. WIGG., "diente de león". República Argentina, agosto de 2013. 1204 Asteraceae: Cichorieae FLORA RIOPLATENSE Sistemática, ecología y etnobotánica de las plantas vasculares rioplatenses Parte 2 Dicotiledóneas Volumen 7a Asteraceae Anthemideae Arctotideae Calenduleae Cichorieae Gnaphalieae Inuleae Senecioneae Vernonieae SOCIEDAD ARGENTINA DE BOTÁNICA www.botanicargentina.com.ar 1215 Flora Rioplatense 2, 7a Flora Rioplatense Sumario Plan de la obra Presentación 8 Parte 1. Introducción, Pteridofitas Agradecimientos 10 y Gimnospermas (1 volumen) Homenaje 11 Parte 2. Dicotiledóneas (7 volúmenes) ASTERACEAE 12 Parte 3. Monocotiledóneas (4 volúmenes) Por S. E. Freire Director Tribu ANTHEMIDEAE 21 Julio A. Hurrell Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Laboratorio de Etnobotánica y Botánica Aplicada Achillea 23 (LEBA). Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Univer- Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi sidad Nacional de La Plata. Investigador CONICET. Anthemis 26 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Parte 2. Volumen 7a Argyranthemum 30 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Coordinadores del volumen Artemisia 32 Susana E. Freire Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Instituto de Botánica Darwinion (ANCEFN-CONICET), Cladanthus 37 San Isidro. Investigador CONICET. Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Gustavo Delucchi Coleostephus 39 División Plantas Vasculares. Facultad de Ciencias Na- Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi turales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Cotula 41 Massimiliano Dematteis Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (IBONE), Univer- Glebionis 45 sidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes. Investigador Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell CONICET. Leucanthemum 47 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Autores Matricaria 50 María Betiana Angulo Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Néstor D. Bayón Soliva 53 Gustavo Delucchi Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Massimiliano Dematteis Tanacetum 59 Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Eugenia Esquisabel Tripleurospermum 64 Susana E. Freire Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Marcelo Hernández Julio A. Hurrell Tribu ARCTOTIDEAE 66 Laura Iharlegui Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Arctotheca 67 Claudia Monti Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Anabela Plos Arctotis 69 Luciana Salomón Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Álvaro J. Vega Tribu CALENDULEAE 71 Colaboradores técnicos Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Daniel H. Bazzano Calendula 72 Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas (CIC), Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Provincia de Buenos Aires. Tratamiento de colecciones y relevamientos fotográficos. Alejandro C. Pizzoni Diseño, soporte informático, digitalización y procesamiento de imágenes. 6122 Asteraceae: Asteraceae: Cichorieae Sumario Tribu CICHORIEAE 76 Lucilia 167 Por J. A. Hurrell, G. Delucchi & L. Iharlegui Por S. E. Freire Cichorium 78 Micropsis 170 Por J. A. Hurrell Por N. D. Bayón Crepis 81 Pseudognaphalium 174 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Por E. Esquisabel, C. Monti & S. E. Freire Hedypnois 84 Stuckertiella 181 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Por E. Esquisabel & S. E. Freire Helminthotheca 86 Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Tribu INULEAE 182 Hieracium 88 Por S. E. Freire Por Anabela Plos Pluchea 183 Hypochaeris 90 Por N. D. Bayón Por L. Iharlegui Pterocaulon 186 Lactuca 106 Por N. D. Bayón & J. A. Hurrell Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Stenachaenium 197 Lapsana 111 Por S. E. Freire & J. A. Hurrell Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Tessaria 202 Leontodon 112 Por N. D. Bayón Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Picrosia 115 Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Tribu SENECIONEAE 208 Scolymus 117 Por S. E. Freire Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Erechtites 209 Sonchus 119 Por S. E. Freire Por J. A. Hurrell & L. Iharlegui Euryops 211 Taraxacum 124 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Senecio 213 Tragopogon 128 Por L. Salomón, M. Hernández & S. E. Freire Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Urospermum 131 Tribu VERNONIEAE 244 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Por M. Dematteis Chrysolaena 245 Tribu GNAPHALIEAE 133 Por M. Dematteis Por S. E. Freire Cyrtocymura 250 Achyrocline 135 Por M. Dematteis Por N. D. Bayón Lessingianthus 252 Berroa 141 Por M. B. Angulo & M. Dematteis Por N. D. Bayón Vernonanthura 258 Chevreulia 143 Por A. J. Vega & M. Dematteis Por N. D. Bayón Vernonia 263 Facelis 146 Por A. J. Vega & M. Dematteis Por N. D. Bayón Gamochaeta 148 Bibliografía 267 Por L. Iharlegui, N. D. Bayón & S. E. Freire Índice de figuras 293 Gnaphalium 165 Material fotográfico 294 Por S. E. Freire Índice de nombres científicos y vulgares 295 1237 Flora Rioplatense 2, 7a * especies en zonas templadas del hemisferio Taraxacum sur (Brouillet, 2006; Lack, 2007). Por Julio Alberto Hurrell Laboratorio de Etnobotánica y Botánica Aplicada En la Argentina se halla representado (LEBA), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, por 5 especies; 1 de estas en Uruguay. En Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Investigador CONICET. la región rioplatense se hallan 2 especies y Gustavo Delucchi (Cabrera, 1963, 1971, 1974; Ariza Espinar División Plantas Vasculares, Facultad de Ciencias & Urtubey, 1998; IBODA, 2013). Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Clave de las especies: 1. Aquenios rojizos o caoba rojizos. Filarios exteriores expandidos o Taraxacum WEBER ex F. H. WIGG., Prim. ascendentes. Flores de 12-15 mm Fl. Holsat.: 56, 1780; nom. cons. long. ................................ 1. T. laevigatum Tipo: T. officinale G. H. WEBER ex F. H. 1'. Aquenios castaño claro. Filarios ex- WIGGERS, loc. cit. teriores reflexos. Flores de 15-22 Etimología: del árabe-persa tharakhcha- mm long ............................ 2. T. officinale kon, nombre de una Cichorieae, o del árabe talkh chakok, 'hierba amarga'; o bien, del griego tarasso (tarassw), 'modificar', o Obs. T. laevigatum y T. officinale pueden taraxo (tarakso), 'perturbado', y akos considerarse agregados de "microespe- (akoV), 'remedio', aludiendo a sus propie- cies" o razas apomícticas estrechamente dades medicinales. relacionadas (Brouillet, 2006; Kirschner & Štěpánek, 2011). Aquí se mantiene la deno- Hierbas perennes, glabras o esparcida- minación adoptada en nuestro país (Ariza mente villosas, con látex. Raíces axonomor- Espinar & Urtubey, 1998; IBODA, 2013). fas, gruesas. Tallos reducidos (plantas acau- les); escapos 1-varios, erectos o ascendentes, * 1. Taraxacum laevigatum huecos. Hojas basales rosuladas, simples, (WILLD.) DC., Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 149, sésiles o pecioladas, enteras o lobadas, run- 1813. cinadas a pinnatisectas. Capítulos discoides, Leontodon laevigatum WILLD. Sp. Pl., Ed. terminales, solitarios. Calículo de brácteas 4, 3 (3): 1546, 1803. ovadas a lanceoladas, adpresas a reflejas.In - Etimología: en latín, 'suave', de laevis, 'sua- volucro acampanado u cilíndrico; filarios en vidad' y el sufijo -atus, 'que posee', aludiendo 2 (-3) series, a veces con bordes escariosos, al porte de las plantas. los interiores más largos. Receptáculo pla- Taraxacum erythrospermum ANDRZ. ex no, desnudo, alveolado. Flores bisexuales, BEssER, Enum. Pl.: 75, 1821. liguladas, 5-dentadas, en general amarillas. Anteras sagitadas en la base. Estilos con Iconografía: BRITTON & BROWN, 1913: 315; ramas delgadas, con pelitos por debajo del CABRERA et al. 2000: fig. 323. punto de bifurcación. Aquenios fusiformes Nombres vulgares. Es: diente de león. u obovoides, largamente rostrados, 10-cos- Po: dente-de-leão. Fr: pissenlit à graines tillados, lisos, tuberculados o espinulosos en rouges. In: rock dandelion. Al: Schwielen- la parte superior. Papus persistente, formado Löwenzähne. Ja: akami tanpopo. por pelos simples, ásperos, unidos en la base, blanco o amarillento. x = 8. Hierbas de 5-30 cm alt. Tallos 1-15, ascendentes o erectos, de igual largo
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