Pontificia Universidad Católica Del Perú

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Pontificia Universidad Católica Del Perú PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL PERÚ ESCUELA DE POSGRADO Buenas Prácticas en la Gestión de Capital de Trabajo y su Impacto en la Creación de Valor en las Empresas Representativas del Sector Industrial y Minero de la Bolsa de Valores de Lima Durante el Periodo 2010-2016 TESIS PARA OBTENER EL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN FINANZAS CORPORATIVAS Y RIESGO FINANCIERO OTORGADO POR LA PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL PERÚ PRESENTADA POR: Angélica Verónica Castro Espilco Luis Martín Ramos Osorio Grazzia Milagros Vega Villanueva Ángel Alfredo Ynocente Regalado Asesor: Jesús Manuel Chu Rubio Surco, abril 2019 Agradecimientos A Dios, por la oportunidad de darnos un día más de vida para cumplir con nuestros proyectos y ser mejores profesionales. A nuestros padres, por su apoyo incondicional y aliento en realizar nuestras metas. Al profesor Manuel Chu, por ser nuestro asesor de tesis, durante los arduos meses de trabajo. Su conocimiento, consejos y experiencia han sido fundamentales para la elaboración de la presente investigación. A nuestros profesores de la Maestría en Finanzas Corporativas y Riesgo Financiero, por el conocimiento impartido en nosotros, por el tiempo que se tomaron para absolver nuestras consultas y por los consejos transmitidos. A nosotros mismos, por confiar en nuestras capacidades y siempre estar enfocados en el objetivo que teníamos desde que empezamos a estudiar: culminar con éxito la maestría. Dedicatorias A mis padres, porque son mi motor incondicional a lo largo de mis estudios, y a mi familia mi mayor motivación y valioso apoyo en todo momento, en cada etapa de mi vida. Angélica Verónica, Castro Espilco A mi familia, por darme su apoyo incondicional a lo largo de mis estudios y por alentarme para alcanzar mis objetivos. Luis Martín, Ramos Osorio A mis padres, por la educación que me brindaron, pues fue la base que me permitió crecer y convertirme hoy en día en la profesional que soy. A mi familia, por los consejos y el impulso que me dan para seguir superándome siempre. Grazzia Milagros, Vega Villanueva A mis padres, por todo el apoyo que me brindaron para poder lograr cada objetivo propuesto a lo largo de mi vida y a mis hermanos por ser ese ejemplo de lucha, dedicación y superación. Ángel Alfredo, Ynocente Regalado Resumen Ejecutivo El presente estudio tiene como propósito dar conocer las Buenas Prácticas en la gestión de capital de trabajo de las principales empresas mineras que cotizan en la Bolsa de Valores de Lima. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un estudio descriptivo, cuyo objetivo es identificar las prácticas que estas utilizan y su impacto en la creación de valor durante el periodo 2010-2016. Para este fin se seleccionaron a cuatro empresas del sector minero mediante la aplicación de criterios. En Perú aún no existen prácticas financieras estandarizadas que sirvan como base en las empresas del sector. Por lo tanto, surge la necesidad de realizar una investigación que identifique las buenas prácticas en el sector minero. En el marco de las empresas, está enfocado en identificar las buenas prácticas de las cuatro empresas mineras y analizar a través de este trabajo de investigación si existe relación entre la gestión de capital de trabajo y la creación de valor. Para este fin se realizaron entrevistas a representantes de cada empresa para luego ser conjuntamente usado con el análisis e interpretación de los resultados y así poder responder a las preguntas del presente trabajo. Los resultados de la investigación mostraron que las empresas utilizan más de una metodología para medir la creación de valor de su empresa y realizan diferentes gestiones productivas respecto al capital de trabajo, entre las cuales: (a) reducción/ eficiencia de costos operativos, (b) diversificación de fuentes de financiamiento, y (c) estrategias logísticas de optimización de tiempos. Abstract The present work has as purpose to present the Good Practices in the management of working capital of the main mining companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Lima. This paper presents the results of a descriptive study, whose objective is to identify the practices they use and their impact on the creation of value during the period 2010-2016, for this purpose four companies in the sector were selected through different filters miner. In Peru, there are still no standardized financial practices that serve as a basis for companies in the sector. Therefore, there is a need to carry out research that identifies good practices in the mining sector. In the framework of the business, it is focused on identifying the good practices of the four mining companies and demonstrating through this research work if there is a relationship between the management of working capital and the creation of value. For this purpose, interviews were held with representatives of each company to later be jointly used with the analysis and interpretation of the results and thus be able to answer the questions of the present work. The results of the research showed that companies use more than one methodology to measure the value creation of their company and carry out different productive managements with respect to working capital, among which: (a) reduction / efficiency of operating costs, (b) diversification of funding sources and, (c) time optimization logistics strategies. ii Tabla de Contenidos Capítulo I: Introducción ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Antecedentes .............................................................................................................. 1 1.2. Problema de Investigación .......................................................................................... 1 1.3. Propósito de la Investigación ...................................................................................... 2 1.3.1. Objetivos de investigación ................................................................................... 2 1.3.2 Preguntas de investigación .................................................................................... 2 1.4. Justificación de la Investigación ................................................................................. 3 1.5. Limitaciones ............................................................................................................... 3 1.6. Delimitaciones ............................................................................................................ 4 1.7. Resumen del Capítulo ................................................................................................. 4 Capítulo II: Revisión de la Literatura ................................................................................ 6 2.1. Mapa de la Literatura .................................................................................................. 6 2.2. Buenas Prácticas ......................................................................................................... 6 2.2.1. Origen del término ............................................................................................... 6 2.2.2. Definición y aplicación ........................................................................................ 7 2.2.3. Dimensiones y características .............................................................................. 9 2.2.4. Evolución Cronológica de los estudios de las Buenas Prácticas .......................... 11 2.3 Capital de Trabajo ..................................................................................................... 11 2.3.1. Origen del término capital de trabajo ................................................................. 11 2.3.2. Definición del capital de trabajo ......................................................................... 12 2.3.3. Componentes y métodos de cálculo del capital de trabajo .................................. 13 2.3.4. El factor económico en el capital de trabajo ....................................................... 16 2.3.5. Estrategias y beneficios del capital de trabajo..................................................... 17 2.3.6. Evolución Cronológica de los Estudios del Capital de Trabajo ........................... 21 iii 2.4. Creación de Valor ..................................................................................................... 21 2.4.1. Origen del término ............................................................................................. 21 2.4.2. Definición de creación de valor .......................................................................... 22 2.4.3. Componentes y métodos de cálculo ................................................................... 23 2.4.4. Estrategias y beneficios de la creación de valor .................................................. 30 2.4.5. Evolución cronológica de los estudios de la creación de valor ............................ 32 2.5. Resumen del Capítulo ............................................................................................... 32 Capítulo III: Metodología de la Investigación ................................................................ 33 3.1. Diseño de la Investigación ........................................................................................ 33 3.2. Consentimiento Informado ....................................................................................... 34 3.3. Participantes de la Investigación ............................................................................... 34 3.4. Procedimiento para la Selección de Empresas
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