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A Conceptual Design of a General Aviation Hands-On-Throttle and Stick (HOTAS) System

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A Conceptual Design of a General Aviation Hands-On-Throttle and Stick (HOTAS) System University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 8-2003 A Conceptual Design of a General Aviation Hands-on-Throttle and Stick (HOTAS) System. Mark N. Callender University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Aerospace Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Callender, Mark N., "A Conceptual Design of a General Aviation Hands-on-Throttle and Stick (HOTAS) System.. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2003. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1908 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Mark N. Callender entitled "A Conceptual Design of a General Aviation Hands-on-Throttle and Stick (HOTAS) System.." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Aviation Systems. Ralph D. Kimberlin, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: U. Peter Solies, Alfonso Pujol, Jr. Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Office: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Mark N. Callender entitled “A Conceptual Design of a General Aviation Hands-on-Throttle and Stick (HOTAS) System.” I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Aviation Systems. Ralph D. Kimberlin Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: U. Peter Solies Alfonso Pujol, Jr. Acceptance for the Council: Anne Mayhew Vice Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies (Original signatures are on file with official student records.) A CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A GENERAL AVIATION HANDS-ON-THROTTLE AND STICK (HOTAS) SYSTEM A Thesis Presented for the Master of Science Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Mark N. Callender August 2003 Copyright 2003 by Mark N. Callender All rights reserved ii DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my wife and children who have supported and inspired me in writing this paper and in life in general. Thank you, Sarah, Eli, and baby-to-be. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This paper and my other graduate achievements would not have been possible without the guidance and support of the faculty and staff of the University of Tennessee Space Institute. Special mention must be made of Betsy Harbin and Gail Wells who kept the Aviations Systems department running smoothly. Their assistance was invaluable in completing this degree. I would like to thank the faculty and staff of Dyersburg State Community College for their continued support while finishing this project. My final thanks go to my Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, for the abilities He has given me and allowed me to use and for the relationships with the aforementioned individuals. iv ABSTRACT In this project the concept of Hands-on-Throttle and Stick (HOTAS) was applied to a general aviation (GA) aircraft. HOTAS had seen limited use in GA aircraft, but nothing that would compare to its use in military or commercial aircraft. The purpose of incorporating HOTAS was to give the pilot the ability to quickly and efficiently operate specific functions of the aircraft’s avionics units without having to remove his/her hands from the stick (or control wheel) or throttle. This project followed the systems engineering approach to accomplish the conceptual design of the GA HOTAS system. Two representative GA aircraft were chosen along with the avionics units to be controlled. In-flight functions of the units were determined and broken down into their most basic functions. Hardware was identified for each function, and the best alternative was chosen for each function. A control layout was achieved and then integrated into the aircraft’s existing controls. The project resulted in a conceptual GA HOTAS system that could be integrated into existing GA aircraft with existing avionics. Throughout the course of this project, the design proceeded with the needs and abilities of the pilot in mind. The HOTAS system was designed to be operable by pilots of various sizes and experience levels. The system was meant to be intuitive so that any pilot with experience in the aircraft’s avionics could operate it; however, training and experience with the system was also required. v TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................1 Background..............................................................................................................1 Statement of Need....................................................................................................2 2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION.............................................................................3 General.....................................................................................................................3 Representative General Aviation Aircraft ...............................................................3 Powerplant Controls.................................................................................................4 Power Control ....................................................................................................4 Propeller Control................................................................................................5 Mixture Control .................................................................................................6 Miscellaneous Powerplant Controls ..................................................................6 Flight Controls .........................................................................................................7 Roll and Pitch Control .......................................................................................7 Yaw Control.......................................................................................................8 Avionics Equipment.................................................................................................9 General...............................................................................................................9 Audio Control Equipment..................................................................................9 Global Positioning System (GPS)....................................................................10 VHF Communication and VOR Navigation (NAV/COMM) Equipment .......12 Airborne Air Traffic Control (ATC) Transponder...........................................15 3. SYSTEMS ENGINEERING.......................................................................17 General...................................................................................................................17 Aircraft Systems.....................................................................................................18 SHELL Model........................................................................................................18 Feasibility Analysis................................................................................................19 4. REQUIREMENTS ANANLYSIS.............................................................20 General...................................................................................................................20 Operational Requirements .....................................................................................20 General.............................................................................................................20 User..................................................................................................................21 Environment.....................................................................................................21 Duration and Frequency of Use .......................................................................23 Functional Requirements .......................................................................................23 General.............................................................................................................23 Audio Panel......................................................................................................23 GPS ..................................................................................................................24 vi NAV/COMM ...................................................................................................24 Transponder .....................................................................................................25 5. FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS .......................................................................26 General...................................................................................................................26 Audio Panel............................................................................................................26 GPS ........................................................................................................................28
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