15 May 2020 Monthly Year 4
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0520 15 May 2020 Monthly Year 4 The ‘Weakness’ of Christ: An argument for his truth Starting anew after the COVID-19 Emergency The Heart of ‘Querida Amazonia’: ‘Overflowing en route’ .05 O Do Nothing: A precious and arduous activity Africa: A continent on the move The Mediterranean: A frontier of peace OLUME 4, N 4, OLUME V The Donatist Temptation: Controversy in Catholic China 2020 2020 ‘The Life of the World to Come’ Raphael: Lights and shadows in the life of a genius Daniel Pennac and Federico Fellini: Life is dream Europe and the Virus CoronaCheck and Fake News BEATUS POPULUS, CUIUS DOMINUS DEUS EIUS Copyright, 2020, Union of Catholic Asian Editor-in-chief News ANTONIO SPADARO, SJ All rights reserved. Except for any fair Editorial Board dealing permitted under the Hong Kong Antonio Spadaro, SJ – Director Copyright Ordinance, no part of this Giancarlo Pani, SJ – Vice-Director publication may be reproduced by any Domenico Ronchitelli, SJ – Senior Editor means without prior permission. Inquiries Giovanni Cucci, SJ, Diego Fares, SJ should be made to the publisher. Giovanni Sale, SJ, Claudio Zonta, SJ Federico Lombardi, SJ Title: La Civiltà Cattolica, English Edition Emeritus editors ISSN: 2207-2446 Virgilio Fantuzzi, SJ Giandomenico Mucci, SJ ISBN: GianPaolo Salvini, SJ 978-988-79391-7-7 (ebook) 978-988-79391-8-4 (kindle) Contributors Published in Hong Kong by George Ruyssen, SJ (Belgium) UCAN Services Ltd. Fernando de la Iglesia Viguiristi, SJ (Spain) Drew Christiansen, SJ (USA) P.O. Box 69626, Kwun Tong, Andrea Vicini, SJ (USA) Hong Kong David Neuhaus, SJ (Israel) Phone: +852 2727 2018 Camillo Ripamonti, SJ (Italy) Fax: +852 2772 7656 www.ucanews.com Vladimir Pachkow, SJ (Russia) Arturo Peraza, SJ (Venezuela) Publishers: Michael Kelly, SJ and Bert Daelemans, SJ (Belgium) Robert Barber Thomas Reese, SJ (USA) Production Manager: Paul Soukup, SJ (USA) Grithanai Napasrapiwong Friedhelm Mennekes, SJ (Germany) Marcel Uwineza, SJ (Rwanda) Marc Rastoin, SJ (France) Joseph You Guo Jiang, SJ (China) Luke Hansen, SJ (USA) CONTENTS 0520 15 May 2020 Monthly Year 4 1 The ‘Weakness’ of Christ: An argument for his truth José M. Millás, SJ 11 Starting anew after the COVID-19 Emergency Gaël Giraud, SJ 23 The Heart of ‘Querida Amazonia’: ‘Overflowing en route’ Diego Fares, SJ 39 Do Nothing: A precious and arduous activity Giovanni Cucci, SJ 49 Africa: A continent on the move Giovanni Sale, SJ 61 The Mediterranean: A frontier of peace Paolo Bizzeti, SJ 74 The Donatist Temptation: Controversy in Catholic China Benoît Vermander, SJ 85 ‘The Life of the World to Come’ Giandomenico Mucci, SJ 92 Raphael: Lights and shadows in the life of a genius Giancarlo Pani, SJ 107 Daniel Pennac and Federico Fellini: Life is dream Claudio Zonta, SJ 111 Europe and the Virus Card. Jean-Claude Hollerich, SJ 114 CoronaCheck and Fake News Antonio Spadaro, SJ LCC 0620: JUNE JUNE TITLES • Faith in the Time of Covid-19: Ecclesial and pastoral reflections • Erich Przywara: god "getting INDIVIDUAL SUBSCRIPTION bigger and bigger" $49.95 FOR 12 MONTHS • Blues Pandemic ● Ideal for Church leaders, theologians, scholars, seminarians etc • Pop Theology and Communication ● Monthly editions available both in ePub and Mobi • The Virus is a Punion of God? ● Subscriber gets unlimited online access ● • Access to Perspectives Series - Six Thematic The Option for the ‘Logos’ in Issues of the Journal Francis’ Pontificate • Marian Popular Piety GROUP SUBSCRIPTION $250 FOR TWELVE MONTHS • Vittorio Gregotti: An Italian international architect ● Ideal for Catholic universities, libraries, institutes, congregations etc. ● Multi-user, unlimited access for one year. ● Subscribers access unlimited logins in different devices within the same IP address ● Monthly editions available both in ePub and Mobi ● Access to Perspectives Series - Six Thematic Issues of the Journal For educational and bulk rates, please email [email protected] SUBSCRIBE TODAY AT laciviltacattolica.com The ‘Weakness’ of Christ: An argument for his truth José M. Millás, SJ Sometimes we meet people who have had a good Christian formation, but who have become agnostics over time. We might think that these are exceptional cases. However, we are convinced that these cases are a symptom of an obvious 1 fact: in traditionally Christian countries there is a crisis that affects both the faith and the life of the baptized. They stop practicing, become agnostics, and either live as such, or seek alternatives to a Christian religion that has lost its attractiveness and credibility.1 The issue The truth of Christianity is embodied and concentrated in the truth of the figure of Christ. Jesus of Nazareth continues to arouse interest and admiration, but the full truth of his reality has become fragile and evanescent, and for some even contradictory. Traditional Christian apologetics wanted to demonstrate the truth of Christ, proffering as arguments the extraordinary facts narrated in the Gospels: the excellence of his teaching, La Civiltà Cattolica, En. Ed. Vol. 4, no. 05 art. 1, 0520: 10.32009/22072446.0520.1 1.In this article we want to show how Javier Monserrat, Jesuit, philosopher and scientist, disciple of Xavier Zubiri, addressed the issue and sought a satisfactory answer. In fact, he dealt with the current crisis of Christianity, clarified its key points, made a diagnosis and proposed an original and convincing strategy overcome the crisis. See J. Monserrat, Hacia el Nuevo Concilio, Madrid, San Pablo, 2010. To deepen one’s thinking on the subject of this article, cf. J. M. Millás, Cristianesimo e Realtà. La credibilità di Cristo nell’epoca della scienza, Rome, Gregorian & Biblical Press, 2013; Id., La figura di Cristo. Il segno della verità del Cristianesimo, Rome, AdP, 2006. THE ‘WEAKNESS’ OF CHRIST: AN ARGUMENT FOR HIS TRUTH miracles and the resurrection. Today it is recognized that a demonstration of the truth of Christ is impossible, and there are efforts instead to justify his truth on the basis of a “convergence of meaning” of the arguments in its favor.2 But even this solution does not seem convincing. According to Monserrat, the decisive arguments in favor of the truth of Christ are not the extraordinary events that characterize the life of Jesus according to the Gospels, but his “weakness,” that is, the human annihilation that he lived and suffered, and which Saint Paul calls kénosis. In order to reach this conclusion, it is necessary to follow a reasoning that we shall set out below. Let us start from the fact that the common and traditional answer to the enigma of reality is the affirmation of the existence of God, transcendent reality, origin and 2 foundation of the world, who is interested in the salvation of all. This religious response is transmitted above all through family and social tradition. Usually, people absorbed in the concrete problems of daily life accept it peacefully. But, alongside this response, that of a “world without God” is also plausible. Therefore, when dealing with the question of the enigma of reality, two answers are possible, based either on the existence of God or the world without God. A ‘world without God’? Human reason will have to evaluate these two answers, see which of the two is more reasonable and opt for it, knowing, however, that it does not possess absolute certainty, that is, that the other possibility is not eliminated. At this point there arises the problem of believing in God, in the light of the existence of evil, the classic problem of theodicy. Indeed, reason may ask itself: “Where was God when humans were experiencing destitution, suffering unjustly and inevitably dying? Did God have nothing to say? Could God do nothing? Or, worst of all, did God not want to do anything?” In fact, the believer lives immersed in the experience of the silence and the hiddenness of God. 2.Cf. S. Pié-Ninot, La teologia fondamentale, Queriniana, Brescia, 2002, 197 f. JOSÉ M. MILLÁS, SJ The affirmation of God offers a response to humanity’s unknowns, such as its origin and foundation, how the world ends and human salvation; but the experience of God’s silence can make one think that the idea of God appears unconvincing, lacking truth and actual reality. The idea of a “world without God” leaves open very serious questions, which science will have to investigate and to which it will have to try to respond. But it has freed itself from the contradiction of a God who remains silent and does not intervene in the face of human suffering. At this point in the rational process, a “world without God” would seem to be the most reasonable answer to the enigma of reality. 3 Overcoming ‘contradiction’ The answer “world without God” seems more reasonable because of the scandal caused by the experience of God’s silence in the face of human suffering. Now this scandal can be overcome. If one starts with the human situation of poverty, the experience of God’s silence can be admitted when it reveals a meaning for humanity: precisely through his silence and concealment God has created a space in which it is possible for people to realize their freedom. If God were present in creation showing infinite superiority, the freedom of the creature would not be possible. But freedom is the greatest good that God created, and God wants to preserve and respect it unconditionally, even at the cost of the presence of sin and evil.3 The contradiction that manifests itself between God’s silence and human destitution is then overcome. The religious person can rationally maintain the truth of his or her creed only if he or she recognizes – explicitly or implicitly – the profound meaning of God’s silence: to make possible the most precious thing that human beings possess, that is, to realize themselves as freed.