ida sp:::pe, l~~Jq11 At1SJ~A!~r. c1sr.c~:~Q New Working Tool for Architects

Volume II of the Allied Arts Catalogue extends to 89 the number of artists included in the RAIC's continuing record of Canadians working in arts allied to architecture. 182 photographs, 14 in color, illustrate the work of sculptors, painters, ceramists, weavers, potters, artists working in metal and stained glass, and " idea" men.

This volume is a must for every architectural office- with its " op art" cloth bound cover, fine offset printing and large color illustrations it also makes a handsome gift.

Available from the RAIC Publications Board, 160 Eglinton Ave. E. , Toronto 12, at $6.00 plus 50¢ postage per copy. Volume I, is still available at $3.00 plus 50¢ postage for soft bound, $6.00 plus 50¢ postage for hard bound. University of Toronto

Faculty of Architecture, Urban and Regional Planning and Landscape Architecture 230 College Street, Toronto 5, Ontario, Canada Telephone (416) 928 5038

Office of the Dean Telephone (416) 928 2573

Chairman Department of Architecture

Applications are invited for well-qualified individuals for the position of Chainnan of the Department of Architecture. This is a full-time appointment of professorial rank, requiring, in addition to academic and professional excellence, a high degree of adminis­ trative skill.

Candidates should submit a curriculum vitae and the names of three referees.

Applications should be forwarded before June 30th, 1969 to:-

Dr. Thomas Howarth, Dean of the Faculty, 230 College Street, Toronto, Ontario.

TH/mmf 13/6/69 Architecture Canada May 1969 mai The Journal of the Royal Architectural Publications Board 524 Volume 46 No 5 Institute of Canada Head Office La Revue de l'lnstitut Royal d'Architecture 160 Eglinton Avenue East, Subscription I abonnement $10.00 du Canada Toronto 315, Ontario Foreign I etranger $11.00 The Journal is not responsible for opinions Telephone (416) 487-5591 Postage paid at Toronto in cash at third ex pressed by contributors (or fourth) class rates- Permit No. C-52. Les opinions exprimees dans le Journal ne son! pas necessairement ce lles de l'lnstitut 1'3£]:1

News I Nouvelles 5 AIA-RAIC Joint Convention 1 8 Chicago- Still the Boss City of Architecture, Rob Cuscaden

2 Communique 11 3 Arts 29 The National Arts Centre, Ottawa 4 Review I Revue 31

Features I Projets 33 Resumes 5 35 The National Arts Centre, Ottawa: Consulting Architects, Affleck, Desbarats, Dimakopoulos , Lebensold, Sise; DPW Assistant Deputy Minister (Design). J. A. Langford; National Capital Region Director of Design, R. F. West

6 Practice I Pratique 55 Architectural Programming C. Herbert Wheeler, Jr. 56a Urban Geology R. F. Legget, May Bui ld ing Digest, Division of Building Research, NRC, Ottawa

7 Schools I Ecoles 59

8 Letters I Lettres 63

g Classified I Annonces Classees 69

Index Advertisers I Annonces 70

Cover I Couverture Sketch, National Arts Centre, Ottawa, by Richard Gill

Editor I redacteur Technical Editors I redacteurs techniques Manager I gerant Walter B. Bowker Frank Helyar, PPCIQS, FRICS fan W. Thompson A. W. Cluff, MRAIC Contributing Editor I correspondant Advertising Manager I gerant de publicite A. J. Diamond, MRAIC Allied Arts Editor I redactrice des arts Stanley E. Modzelewski conn exes Assistant Managing Editor I redactrice Anita Aarons ASTC (Sculp) assistante gerante Annabel Slaight Student Coordinating Editor I redacteur coordinateur etudiant Alastair Grant, MRAIC The Royal Architectural Institute of Canada L'lnstitut Royal d' Architecture du Canada

Founded In 1907/Fonde en 1907

Patron: Her Majesty the Queen Sous le patronnage de Sa Majeste Ia Reine

.(

Counci11968-69/Consei11968-69 Component Associations Publications Board Associations Constituantes Commission des Publications President/President Norman H. McMurrich (F) Toronto Alberta Association of Architects Chairman/ President 318 Revillon Building W. N. Greer, Toronto Past President/ President sortant de charge 10221 - 104 St. , Edmonton 14 James E. Searle (F) Winnipeg President: E. Raines Provincial Council Representatives Representants des Conseiis Provinciaux Vice-President/Vice-president Architectural Institute of British Columbia Newfoundland/Terre-Neuva William G. Leithead (F! Vancouver 567 Burrard St., Vancouver 1 Frank Noseworthy President: William R. Rhone Nova Scotia/Nouvelle-Ecosse Honorary Secretary r$ecretaire-honorai re George W. Rogers Gordon Arnott (F) Regina Manitoba Association of Architects New Brunswick/Nouveau-Brunswick 710-177 Lombard Ave., Winnipeg 2 Robert Eaton Honorary Treasurer/Tresorier-honoraire President: A. H. Hanna Quebec Michel Barcelo Harry Mayerovitch (F) Montreal Ontario T. V. Murray Arch itects' Association of New Brunswick Manitoba Denis Jesson A. W. Davison, Ottawa 13 Germain Street, Saint John Saskatchewan K. L. McMillan Allan F. Duffus (F) Halifax President: H. P. J. Roy Alberta J. H. Donahue D'Arcy Helmer(F) Ottawa British Columbia/Colombie-Britannique Jean-Louis Lalonde, Montreal Nova Scotia Association of Architects H. T. D. Tanner M.P. Michener (F) Winnipeg 6009 Quinpool Rd., Halifax John R. Myles (F) Saint John President: E. Michael Byrne Ex Officio F. Noseworthy, St. John's the Vice-President RAIC/ C. F. T. Rounthwaite (F) Toronto Newfoundland Association of Architects le Vice-President de I'IRAC Robert W. Siddall (F) Victoria P.O. Box E5204, St. John's W. G. Leithead (F), Vancouver D. L. Sinclair, Edmonton President: T. Porteous Bolton the Honorary Treasurer/ le Tresorier Honoraire de I'IRAC Ontario Association of Architects Harry Mayerovitch (F), Montreal College of Fellows/College des Fellows 50 Park Road, Toronto 285 President: Stan H. Butcherd Members at Large/Membres quels qu'ils Chancellor I Chancelier soient Peter M. Thornton (F) Vancouver Association des Architectes British Columbia/Colombie-Britannique de Ia Province de Quebec R. W. Siddall (F) Victoria Dean/Doyen 1825 ouest, boulevard Dorchester Ontario J. A. Langford (F) Ottawa Henri Mercier (F) Montreal Montreal 1 08 H. D. R. Buck (F), W. J. Neish, P. H. President: Jean-Louis Lalonde Warren, W. J. Weller, Toronto Registrar I Sec retai re-a rch iviste Howard F. Bouey (F) Edmonton Saskatchewan Association of Architects 2426 Hanover Avenue, Saskatoon President: E. H. Grolle

Headquarters/Siege Social

151 Slater Street, Ottawa 4, Ontario (613) 232-7165

Execu tive Secretary/Secretaire Administratif Maurice G. Holdham, MBE

Assistant Secretary/ Secretaire Adjoint Earl C. Mayo, DFC

Director of Professional Services Directeur des Services Professionneis Wilson A. Salter (F), MBE News I Nouvelles

AlA- RAIC Joint Convention

Keynote speaker, Dr. Hans Selye

Planning is now completed for the first Joint and fulfill its social and economic respon­ Design Critiques on Montreal & Chicago Convention of the Royal Architectural Insti­ sibilities. tute of Canada and the American Institute of One of the features of the Convention will Architects which will bring some 6,000 ar­ Keynote Speakers be design critiques of Montreal and Chicago chitects, their wives, families and friends to by teams of architects from each Institute. the Palmer House in Chicago over 22-26 The AlA's ann ual Purves Lecture will be The RA IC team to re port on Chicago will June. given by Dr Hans Selye, professor and Direc­ consist of Guy Legault, arch itect and urban­ tor of the Institute of Experimental Medicine ist and, since 1967, Directeur du Service de For the RAIC the occasion will mark the first at the University of Montreal, the Canadian L'Habitation de Ia vi lle de Montreal; A rthur Assembly held outside Canada and the first internationally known for his research into Erickson of the Vancouver firm of Erickson with undergraduate students from each the nature and problems of stress. The other Massey, winner of the design competition School of Architecture participating as in­ keynote speakers will be Patrick Moynihan, fo r Simon Fraser University and , more re­ vited guests. It will also be the first con­ Special Assistant for Urban Affairs to the US cently, the competition for the Canadian ducted under the new bylaws, which define President; Albert J. H. Dietz, professor of Pavilion at Expo '70 in Osaka; and Clifford the Institute as a confederation of the nine architecture at MIT; and Marvin H. Bern­ Wiens, Regina, Vice-President of the Sas­ Provincial Associations directed by a coun­ stein, Dean of the Woodrow Wilson School katchewan Association of Architects and cil composed of nine provincially appointed of Pu blic and International Affairs at Prince­ winner of six Massey Medals for Architec­ representatives and alternates, plus four ton University. ture. The AlA team to study and report on officers named by the council.

For Canadians who have not yet visited the Windy City, the convention will provide an opportunity to see the architecture which, beginning before the turn of the century, made Chicago famous.

The Joint Convention Planning Committee (Frank Nicol of Toronto heads the Canadian section) has produced a program in which keynote speakers and panelists in a variety of workshops, on the theme of " Focus Now", will explore action needed if the profession is to meet today's environmental problems

RAIC Design Critique Team, Arthur Erickson, Guy Legault, Clifford Wi ens

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 5 RAIC President, N. H. McMurrich Chairman of Canadian Section of the Convention Co-Chairman of the Canadian Section of the Planning Committee, Frank J. K. Nicol Convention Committee, Jean-Louis Lal onde

Montreal will be John Fisher-Smith, Jacque­ 2. Factors Affecting Size and Nature of Prac­ on Historic Buildings, and John Bland, (F), line Robertson and Archibald Rogers. The tice: Moderator, Guy Desbarats, (F), Dean, Director of the School of Architecture, Mc­ team will be welcomed to Montreal by PQAA Eco!e d'Architecture, Universite de Mont­ Gi ll University. President Jean-Louis Lalonde. real; and panelist, W. Randle lredale, partner in the Vancouver firm of Rhone and I redale. RAIC and DOl Exhibits 3. The Client and Society: Panelist, John C. The RAIC Exhibit at the Convention will in­ The city's architectural history, some of the Parkin, (F), of the Parkin firm in Toronto. clude continuous co:or s: ide shows of con­ more striking new work and how Chicago 4. Student-Professional Dialogue - " What is temporary Canadian architecture and of the finds itself today are described in a guest and What Should Be": a Canadian student allied arts (the latter chiefly examples illus­ artic~e on page 8 by Rob Cuscaden, editor panelist yet to be named. trated in Volumes 1 and 2 of the RAIC Allied of "The Inland Architect," the publication 5. The High Cost of Responsibility: Panelist, Arts Catalogue), the winning entry in the of the AlA Chicago region chapters. Robert E. Briggs of the Toronto firm of Breg­ 1969 Pilkington Traveling Scho:arship Com­ man and Hamman and chairman of the RAIC petition ; the 1969 Design Canada Award for Committee on Legal Documents. industrial design ; and the RAIC traveling College of Fellows 6. The Economics of Service: Moderator, photographic exhibit of Historic Architec­ Henri P. Labelle, Montreal, a past President Th e RAIC Coll ege of Fellows annual busi­ ture in Canada. of the PQAA; and panelist, P. M. Keenley­ ness meeting will be held Monday afternoon side, (F), Toronto, Councillor and Past Pres­ and the annual Convocation Tuesday after­ One of the problems faced by the RAI C in ident of the OAA, and a member of the noon. A joint AIA-RAIC Fellows and wives the planning of this first Joint Convention workin g group which conducted the RAIC banquet will be held that eveni ng at the with the AlA was to make the word joint Survey of the Profession in 1966. Union League Club. meaningful in terms of faci:ities and pro­ 7. Component Systems: Panelist, Roderick gra m participation. In this the Canadian sec­ G. Robbie, Toronto, of Robbie Vaughan and Convention Social Program tion of the Joint Convention Committee was Williams, and Technical Director of SEF, the aided substantially by the Materials Branch The social program begins Sunday after­ Study of Educational Facilities for the of the Department of Industry, Trade and noon, June 22, at 6:30 with a cocktail party Metropolitan Toronto School Board. Commerce. The branch has arranged a gov­ by the F. W. Dodge Corporation. At 6:30 8. Information Evaluation and Retrieval: ernment sponsored exhibit in which 11 p.m. Monday the AIA-RAIC Presidents' re­ Moderator, Gordon Arnott, (F), Regina, Canadian manufacturers will display archi­ ception will be held at the Palmer House. RA IC Honorary Secretary. A panelist will be tectural products. A feature of the Depart- Wednesday afternoon at 5:30 there will be a Donald G. Laplante, MEIC, P. Eng ., Chief of cocktail party at the Mid America Club at the the Construction Division of the Materials B & 0 Station. This will be followed by the Branch of the Federal Department of Indus­ Gala Party at the Auditorium, the reported try, Trade and Commerce, which is adminis­ scale and program of which staggers the tering and implementing the Department's imagination. The Joint Annual dinner of BEAM program. both Institutes will be held at the Palmer 9. Construction Management: Panelist, House, Thursday evening, June 26. Eberhard H. Zeidler, (F), of the Toronto firm of Craig Zeid:er and Strong. Workshops and Panels 10. Programming: Panelist, Melvin Charney, Associate Professor in charge of Graduate Members of the RA IC participating in the 12 Studies, Ecole d'Architecture, Universite de theme workshops to be held Thursday and Montreal. Friday are: 11. Office Production Techniques: Mode­ 1. Professional Inter-Action: Moderator, rator, C. F. T. Rounthwaite, (F), of the Tor­ James E. Searle, (F), Toronto, RAIC Immedi­ onto firm of Marani Rounthwaite and Dick, ate Past President and partner in the recent­ President of Margroup Ltd and Chairman of ly merged firms of John B. Parkin Associates the RAIC Standing Committee on Architec­ and Smith Carter Searle; and panel ist, Ray­ tural Services on Federal Government Work. mond T. Affleck of Affleck Dimakopoulos 12. Historic Buildings: Panelists, WilliamS. Lebensold, Montreal. Goulding, Chairman of the RAIC Committee Going up . DOl convention exhibit 6 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 Waterloo School Student Editor for Archi­ tecture Canada who is acting as coordinator of the Canadian student delegation, writes about the student program in the Schools section (7) of this issu e. The student pro­ gram starts Sunday afternoon, June 22, when student officers and Institute officers, with audience participation, will discuss ar­ chitects and architecture in today's world.

Ladies' Activities

The program starts Tuesday June 24 with the annual breakfast of the Women 's Archi­ tectural Leagues, followed by a gala lunch­ eon on Wednesday. Wives of Canadian architects attending the Convention are ex­ pected to take a special interest in the Women 's Architectural League movement in the light of suggestions that WAL activi­ ties be organized in Canada.

Coordin ator for Canadian Section of Ladies ' Merchandise Mart Program Committee, Mrs. F. J . K. Nicol The Mart is sponsoring the first National Ex­ men! of Industry, Trade and Commerce is an position of Contract Interior Furnishings exhibit which depicts the BEAM program from Sunday June 22 to Friday June 27. Ar­ will be a working model of a 25-storey office chitects are invited to be guests of the Mart building produced for the Amalgamated for brunch on Sunday followed by a session Construction Association of BC. One of the on how the interior environment affects Department's senior officers, Donald G. people. Friday will be Post Convention Laplante of the Materials Branch, is a pan­ Workshop from 9:00AM to 4:00PM. Regis­ elist in the convention workshop on Informa­ tration for the Workshop, including break­ tion Evaluation and Retrieval. fast and lunch, is without charge. Luncheon speaker will be architecture critic Wolf von Student Program Eckhardt. He will afterwards moderate a panel discussion in which George Robb of As previously announced, the RAIC has in­ Toronto will participate. vited the nine Schools of Architecture to send two students each to the Convention as Convention Tours guests of the Institute. Peter Dandyk, the The AlA Chicago Chapter Tour Committee has arranged a wide variety of tours of its architecturally notab:e city. The list in­ cludes: 1. Frank Lloyd WrightTours (19 Buildings) 2. South Side Historical Tour 3. Chicago School of Architecture Tour 4. Chicago High Rise Tour 5. Schools: (a) North ; {b) South 6. Hospitals Tour 7. Religious Buildings 8. Urban Renewal - City Planning 9. Urban Crisis Tour 10. Transportation (Airport, Expressways) 11 . Architectural Preservation 12. Lakefront Boat Tours 13. Five One-Hour Walking Tours: South Lo op, West Loop, North Loop, North Mich­ igan Avenue and the Gold Coast.

Canadian Section Convention Committee

In Addition to President Norman H. Me Mur­ rich, the RAIC section of the Joint Conven­ tion Committee consists of F. J. Nicol, Chairman, with Mrs Nicol representative on the committee for the Ladies' program; Jean Louis Lalonde, coordinator for the Chi­ cago-Montreal design critiques program ; Peter Goering, hospitality; G. Davis, exh ib­ its; Wilson A. Salter, DPS, speakers, assist­ ed by Maurice Holdham and Earl Mayo of RAIC Headquarters and Walter Bowker, ed­ itor of Architecture Canada . Peter Dandyk working model of office building depicting of the Waterloo School of Architecture is co- BEAM program ordinator for the student delegation. c. F. T. Rounthwaite Melvin Charney Architecture Canada 5/ 69 7 AIAIRAIC Convention

Chicago- Still the Boss City of Architecture? Rob Cuscaden

2 3 4 In 1881 , as probably an apocryphal but William LeBaron Jenney's slightly formidable expressways, which mean more automo­ certainly a possible legend has it, a bois­ Manhattan Building. biles, etc. The ghetto becomes ever more terous conductor announced his train 's swollen and ever less tractable to paper arrival into " Chicago - the boss city of the These, so far, have avoided the developer's solutions proposed by white p'anners in universe!" wrecking ball, as also have certain equally downtown towers who take the commuter significant examples of residential architec­ leap each night over their black brothers for If in no other endeavor, Chicago was the ture - Henry Hobson Richardson's Glessner suburbia's green security blanket. And the boss city of the universe in architecture at House, the sole survivor of four works the pollution of land and air and water continues the time. Indeed the 1880's and 1890's were Brookline master put up in Chicago; and virtually unabated and, worse, essentially a kind of architectural golden age in the Frank Lloyd Wright's mighty Robie House. unnoticed by the great majority. Windy City, with its architects and engineers (All of these structures and many more, developing the main elements of modern incidentally, are included in a number of Nothing really new, in other words, though building techniques - most especially the package tours available to those attending Chicago being Chicago, it is managing to do steel-framed, multi-storey building. the joint AIA/ RAIC Convention in Chicago almost all of these things in its own slightly June 22-26.) wacky, persistently unprecedented fashion. Steel and elevator made the skyscraper, and it in turn made Chicago. As the editors of And so, out of that historically respectable, Skidmore's Hancock Center, for instance. Architectural Forum wrote in a special issue even significant and certainly by now almost Why this monolith was ever dropped down devoted to the city: " Here is where it all over-documented past, into what kind of in the very middle of the city's petite and began." bright (or otherwise) today? What, in short, tea-cozy Michigan Avenue neighborhood, has become of boss city? with its Saks Fifth Avenue and Elizabeth Much of this architectural heritage remains Arden Salons, the ancient, toy castle of a - Burnham & Root's gentle, almost feminine, It has much in common with all urban areas. Water Tower a scanda:ous short look away, but soaring Reliance Building; the same It is tearing down a good deal of its archi­ is anybody's guess. It is the wrong building firm's Monadnock Bu ilding, the last of the tectural history and putting up buildings in in the wrong spot. The Avenue, already tall masonry buildings, still amazes with its such a diversity of styles that no two arcpi­ hopelessly snarled with traffic every single pure design. Adler & Sullivan 's Romanesque tects in any given square mile of congestion rush hour, now faces the ghastly thought of Auditorium Theatre has had its lights blaz­ can agree for more than two minutes on any thousands more people turned out of the ing once again on a plethora of cultural subject. It is arguing incessantly over urban building's offices at that precise, same time ; activities for the past two years; and there is renewal, although some insist that it should, not to mention the hundreds and hundreds by now, be termed more correctly " urban of additional autos flushed out of the build­ displacement." Its transportation woes ing's adjacent parking structure. The mind Mr Cuscaden is Editor of the Inland mount hourly, with the inevitable vicious boggles at the coming chaos. Architect, Chicago cycle of ever more expressways resulting in more automobiles, thus requiring more Certainly a building of Hancock's magnitude

8 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 1 Seventeenth Church of Christ, Scientist, 3 Civic Center, C. F. Murphy Assoc iates ; Loebl , 5 Chicago Circle Campus of the University of Harry Weese & Associates Schlossman & Bennett; Skidmore, Owings & Illinois, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill; C. F. Merrill. Picasso statue at right. Murphy Associates; A. Epstein & Sons. The view 2 First unit of the three-building Federal Center. Civic Center de C. F. Murphy Associates ; Loebl , is looking across the Central Court toward the Architects, Mies van der Rohe; Schmidt, Garden Schlossman & Bennett; Skidmore, Owings & 25-storey University Hall. & Erikson ; C. F. Murphy Associates; A. Epstein Merrill. La statue a droite est l'oeuvre de Le Chicago Circle Campus a l'universite & Sons. Already termed "'one of the most Picasso. d'lllinois par Skidmore, Owings & Merrill; C. F. expressive examples of Mies van der Rohe 's Murphy Associates ; A. Epstein & Sons; vue a gen ius." 4 Lake Point Tower, Schipporeit & He inrich travers Ia cour centrale vers University Hall, un La premiere partie du groupe de trois bAtiments Associates/Perkins & Will Partnership pavilion de 25 etages. du Fed eral Center par les arch-Mies van der Rohe; Schmidt, Garden & Erikson ; C. F. Murphy 6 First National Bank Building, C. F. Murphy Associates; A. Epstein & Sons; ce bAtiment est deja cote parmi les oeuvres exprimant le mieux le genie de Mies van der Rohe.

6

should have been sited over a major trans­ Wednesday noon services to see the almost of people. Everytime one more landmark portation artery, even as the Prudential Wagnerian theatrical ism of the auditorium. building is threatened, the same faces show Building was located directly over the city up to protest; there seems no broad, truly terminus of the Illinois Central commuter The First National Bank Building, at the effective base of support for the city's archi­ railroad. Although Hancock's oil-derrick-like geometric center of the Loop (for those tectural heritage. design initially bemused or infuriated the interested in little-known, curious facts), city's populace (which one and all are great swoops finely skyward. " Purists" have been The demolition of Adler & Sullivan's world­ building watchers), it has since been taken sneering at the " tricky" and form-not­ famous Garrick Theatre in 1961 (uniquely affectionately to heart by most (the pros following-function design of this building one year after it was proclaimed in public call it "Big John"; the cons term it the before the caissons were even dug. But in ceremony as a Chicago Architectural Land­ " biggest transistor in town " ). reality, the functional aspects of the building mark). stirred some outrage, but since that completely dictated the design : the bank time the buildings continue to come down Other recent buildings are perhaps less needed a broad, unencumbered first floor and few care. Recently torn down without controversial, but no less news-worthy: for the banking public (elevators and service the fanfare of a penny whistle have been areas are segregated on either side), while Purcell, Feick & Elmslie's charming, inti­ Lake Point Tower, for instance, perched out the upward-narrowing floors were the direct mate Edison Shop, Holabird & Roche's there at the edge of the lake, is smoothly result of a survey indicating that business pioneering Republic Building, and the same impressive in its serpentine, clover-leaf rentals could only be accomplished in a day firm 's classic Chicago School Cable Build­ shape. It was one of only three honor award of almost superfluous rental space by having ing. Currently threatened are the Chicago buildings jury-chosen at the AlA's Chicago less floor space and more window area. Public Library's main building on Michigan Chapter recent and annual presentation Avenue, and Adler & Sullivan's old Chicago banquet. Still, despite its sleek modernity, it Just west of the Loop is the still-growing Stock Exchange Building. is one more slat in a fence which may some­ Chicago Circle Campus of the University of day completely shield the lake from those Illinois. It makes for fine architectural photo­ And city fathers are even now considering unable to afford an expensive, 35th floor graphs in the journals, but its mile after mile the ultimate environmental disaster of a apartment high up in its glassy body. of concrete has a certain dulling effect. major jet airport just offshore the city itself Students complain, too, that the scale is in what's left of Lake Michigan. Harry Weese's Seventeenth Church of somewhat out of proportion; they feel they Christ, Scientist, may well be over-powered rattle around out there like digits on a Boss city of the architectural universe? Per­ by its downtown, skyscraper neighbors, but rendering instead of real people inhabiting haps. But Chicago could lay greater claim to it firmly anchors a difficult, corner site, and an actual environment. that title with a firmer idea of where its gives the city some rare, non-Miesian architecture has come from, and by integrat­ variety. A lot of non-Christian Scientists Preservation is a continuing topic of interest, ing that historical past with its admittedly have been jamming the church during but, unfortunately, mostly to the same group exciting present.

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 9 News I Nouvelles

ing the restoration of Toronto's historic con­ DBR Appointments cert and meeting hall, a project in which he played a leading role. Dr N. B. Hutcheon has been appointed Asso­ ciate Director of the Division of Building Dr Arthur is the 76th distinguished Canadian Research, NRC, Ottawa. Carl B. Crawford, to be appointed a Companion of the order P. Eng ., head of the Soil Mechanics section and the first architect. Th is Journal joins his and A. Grant Wilson, P. Eng., head of the many friends at home and around the world Building Services section, have been ap­ in co ng ratulating him on his new honor. pointed assistant directors.

RIBA Competition for New Edition National Building Code New AA School Building Th e NRC Associate Committee on the Na­ The Architectural Association, 34 Bedford tional Building Code expects the new edi­ Square, London WC1 , has announced a tion will be available early in 1970. Some competition for the design of a new building 4,000 copies of drafts of revise d sections for the Association and for the AA School of have been sent out in response to requests, Architecture. Members RIBA registered in and it is hoped that the new Fifth Edition the UK and Commonwealth countries and will be found to be so much improved over UK students in RIBA recognized schools the earlier edition that it can be widely and AA members at home and abroad are adopted by local municipalities without any eligible to compete. Closing date for appli­ of the local variations which affected the cations is 13 June. current edition. Eric R. Arthur, CC, MA, LL.D, FRAIC, Modular Coordination for DPW Coming Events FRIBA, RCA Modular coordination in design and con­ Computer Graphics Course for Designers, Canada's highest decoration, Companion of struction by the federal Department of University of Michigan, June 9-20. the Order of Canada, has been conferred Public Works came into effect March 31 . MIT Computer Program, June 17-27. upon Dr Eric R. Arthur, of Toronto. This is the second recent honor for Dr Arthur. Last RAIC-AIA Joint Annual Convention, Ch icago, year he was awarded a Canada Council June 22-26. Medal for his many contributions to archi­ tecture. 1969 Athens Ekistics Month, July ?-August 1.

Dr Arthur taught at the School of Architec­ Symposium on Architecture and Town ture of the University of Toronto from 1923 Planning in Sweden, Sept. 8 - 15. Informa­ to 1966. He was for 22 years ed itor of this tion from Swedish Institute, Box 3306, Journal and is the author of many studies in Stockholm 3. the field of architectural history. His best known book is " Toronto, No Mean City" and National Association of Corrosion Engineers another, on barns, is about to be published. Eastern Regional Conference, September 30 He has conducted a number of notable ar­ - October 2, King Edward Hotel, Toronto. chitectural competitions in Canada, includ­ ing those for the new Toronto City Hall and " World Building 1968 - Cost and Control" the Fathers of Confederation Memorial CIB, International Council for Bu ilding Building in Charlottetown. He is currently Research, Studies and Documentation, professional advisor on the competition for A. W. Cluff, MRAIC, partner in Toronto architec­ tural firm of A. W. Cluff and P. J . Cluff, and Fourth Triennial Congress, Ottawa and the RCAF Memorial at Trenton. Tech nical Editor of Architecture Canada was Washington, DC, October 1968. elec ted President of the Specification Writers' His latest appearance in print is as one of Association at their annual convention, April 23-26 m Toronto. 19th Olympiad Program for Meeting of the contributing editors to " St. Lawrence Young Architects, Mexico City, October 7. Hall", the just published book com memo rat- 10 Detai ls from RAIC Headquarters.

10 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 Communique

The Case for a Joint Committee for the Construction Industry Le cas d'une commission conjointe pour l'industrie de Ia construction Although al l members of the President's Consultative Committee (CCA, ACEC, SWAG and RA IC) agreed that their ma in problems Bien que tousles membres de Ia Commission des Conseillers du are with the Federal Government, the meeting on March 11 still did President (CCA, ACEC, SWAG et IRAC) etaient d'accord que leurs not accept the recommendation of RAIC President N. H. McMur­ principaux problemes sont les rapports avec le gouvernement rich to convert the PCC to a National Joint Committee for the Con­ h~deral les participants a Ia conference le 11 mars n'ont pas struction Industry which would bring together senior officers of accepte Ia recommandation du president de I'IRAC N.H. McMur­ private sector organizations with senior officers of government rich que Ia CCP so it transformee en une commission nationale agency committees. (Architecture Canada , March, 1969, page 7.) conjointe pour l'lndustrie de Ia Construction qui rassemblerait Studies presented by Mr McMurrich showed that of these 25 les hauls fonctionnaires de l'industrie et du gouvernement. (Archi­ private and government organizations, nine {four of them govern­ tecture Canada, mars 1969, page 7.) Les etudes presentees par ment) already have representation on four or more of the 13 Joint M. McMurrich ont indique que parmi les 25 organisations privees Committees now functioning. (See Chart.) The PCC however, felt et du gouvernement 9 (4 du gouvernement) sont deja representees that the RAIC construction industry studies were constructive and sur au mains 4 des 13 commissions conjointes qui fonctionnent should be continued. actuellement. (Voir tableau). Toutefois, Ia CCP a juge que les etudes de I'IRAC et l'industrie de Ia construction etaient construe­ The National House Builders Association is to be invited to join the lives et qu'il serait utile de les continuer. L'Association Nationale PCC ; and it was agreed that the PCC should be the parent body for des Constructeurs d'Habitations do it etre invitee a fa ire partie de the Canadian Joint Committee on Construction Documents and Ia CCP, et il a ete convenu que Ia CCP devrait etre !'organisation Procedures. mere pour Ia Commission canad ienne conjointe pour les Docu­ ments de Construction et les Regles de Procedure.

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28 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 Arts

National Arts Centre

Firm Purpose and Integration

Beauchemin's curtain- a brilliant cadenza

The first round of applause for the National creates a mood almost overbearing in its and form. The works - doors, chandeliers, Arts Centre must be for the masterly piece firm understatement of brooding expectancy hangings and mura ls, fo untain, tapestries of integration of art and architecture. - the silent hush - the dimmed light - an and theatre curtains- are "felt" rather than overture complete before the hour when cur­ assaulting the senses in solo performance. Lebensold's architectural statement creates tain rises and performances begin . a total mood. As an environment for the Review in Detail arts, the centre is a thorough and inclusive Inside - the Decor concept which cannot reach com pletion Pictorial review of the situation is a hopeless until the final act - when building, visual and Naked light bulbs, honest and beautiful in dream which would call forth the combined performing arts, and above all, people, purpose as traditional " footlights", are set skills of phootgrapher, film and process finally draw together. in a technologically contemporary mosaic of beyond available means;- nor will mere fib reg lass which become the ceiling ele­ words do other than suggest haste to Visually it is a bold, astringent statement of ments. Design and purpose are integrated experience in kinetic fact, the total scene, the architect's beliefs. It is made up of well­ with basic honesty - the architect's own for oneself. Thorough integration defies the modulated " sculptural boxes" materialized creative " art" at work in forthright dialogue camera to replace the double lens of human in terms of concrete. The stark statements with fundamental building practice. Below eyes so tenderly connected with sensual become containers for well-integrated com­ this sombre, continuous sky one is guided experience. mentaries from other disciplines - the by each individual globe dimmed to a tiny makers of visual images for man's torchlight. Eventually one experiences the The artist-craftsmen chosen are thoroughly environment. contributions of practitioners of the visual professional, creative and inspirational arts who, with the architect-conductor, have agents whose own talents have been able Less tangibly, the whole- by day or night - been united to create "entre-acts" with color to rise above introspective statement to respond to common purpose. With the

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 29 exception of three, they are all Canadians well illuminated. Laliberte delights with small of talent working in this country by choicQ. scale banners which invite quite personal It is, perhaps, in this tour de force of artistic scrutiny. integration that the artist-craftsmen of Canada have displayed a professional Murals performance which will rank them high on the international scene. Jordi Bonet's doors, William Ronald's mural (not completely Beauchemin and Vermette's curtains are installed at the time of reviewing) promises artifacts of distinction worthy to take an to create a maelstrom of strident color in eventual place alongside the preserved an architectural "drum of excitements" artifacts of other periods in museums. True completely integrated with the structural to time, honest and contemporary in image form. It repels and forbids the casual and technique, these items are truly an wanderer to venture beyond it through the enrichment for the common man to enjoy. narrow doorway to passages leading to the Artists and industry are well combined in more prosaic corridors where administration unique performance. is housed. The Lorcini pleases with a deli­ cate prelude of aluminum bars relating The Theatre Curtains within the salon, which houses a galaxy of light vistas with concrete walls. The John color in a tapestry designed by Alfred Meredith mural for the cafeteria was not Within the architect's concept, the two Manessier of Paris. available for viewing. theatres have become ideally, two "waiting" rooms of entirely different feeling. The sense The Glass Chandeliers Sculpture of " place" created by the two women artists is extraordinary. The architect displays These perpetual punctuation points through­ One can forgive a human concession to a rare cognizance of the proper use of out the building, inside and outside and on sentiment in the acquisition of the Zadkine " artist-thinking" for architectural decor. eve ry level, are more a tribute to the archi­ group, too personal and miniature in scale tect's concept than the craftsman's skill. for the environment. Sympathetic placing With her curtain for the 800 seat theatre, Architecturally, the blind, windowless boxes within the complex will be a challenge. Mariette Vermette's ability to become as one have been split, fractured at the junction with the physical decor and remain Vermette points to emit light in and out. The corners A Coming Event Casts its Shadow rather than a skilled interior decorator is are sealed " natural exit" apertures with Behind it •.. one of masterly subtlety. Hers is the role of panes of clear crystal glass. Inside, inser­ a great character actor who submerges tions of transparent globules are suspended One looks forward to the installation of the personal talent for an overall unity. Sombre, from floor to ceiling. One has no quarrel with Daudelin sculpture. This is a challenge ­ brooding, the mood is one of stillness and the employment of William Martin as a sculp­ the integration on the exterior terrace of drama, deep in shadow-color. A dreadful tural mediator for the glass, but a com­ a sculptural form which, although strong in quiet tension of expectancy makes the rising parable talent could have been found in itself, has no hope in scale of competing curtain an act of " birth" for the theatre with the monumental forms companion to it. within. Subtlety is a rare quality in today's The sculpture is to be floodlight, with its tactics of impact art. giant shadow projected against the concrete curtain of a monumental plinth, like a Micheline Beauchemin's luscious confection symphonic act developing from a smaller for the 2,300 seat operahouse is a fantasy theme. of nylon, contemporary yarn of great endur­ ing beauty, in the magic craftsman's hands Finally, to those more involved in ravaging of this young Canadian weaver. Bracketed this country with industrial affluence or those with Japanese technological know-how, the distracted into promotion and enterprise for cottage-loom becomes an archaic shadow hockey and the like, who cry "extra­ defining possibilities of techniques past and vagance", let this beautiful " act of folly" (if present. In other hands than Lebensold's, it so be) remain a monument to a minority of Beauchemin, the artist, might have taken aesthetic spirits. Let it draw response and over making further " theatre" other than her reaction against torpor and ineptitudes own work, superfluous. As it should be in the toward our arid public environment. Now is big theatre, she sets the scene for theatrical the time for such extravagance. spectacle. The two artists, Vermette and Beauchemin, spell out two moods of theatre, Canada had the talents of Gerald Tooke Encore after encore to Lebensoid, man of that of the mind and the eye. Thus Lebensold (Queen's Park - see AI C March, page 16) purpose, man of talent, who has gathered has allowed a brilliant " cadenza" to Beau­ and his glass inventions been better known together various other creative forces to chemin, the best possible use of such prima to either a committee or the architect. make a final and bold statement for the arts donna talent within the total performance. at the end of the first Canadian century,. Again, art-thinking rather than conceptual Anita Aarons Bonet's Doors introversion has prevailed as beautiful alter­ natives to the usual opulence of chandeliers. Footnote: As these lines are written, one Bonet's doors are great aluminum structures Throughout the general orchestration of hopes that one reader will be the chief- which move silently, lazily, and as easily subdued shadow, a white-light theme is pilot of public subsidies for art - that man, a as blown thistledown. Once again Lebensold persistent and magic, manifest in subtle public servant and an architect, is James as prime conductor has written into the projections of distant vistas. Langford. With many pressures and some­ orchestration of the whole a special item times misgivings, he has steered his plan for Bonet. One is no longer conscious of this Tapestries through a period of nervous flux to be artist's predeliction to " entomb" within the magnificently justified in his purpose i.e. by environment with cabalistic coffin walls. Throughout the Centre a quality selection of trial and error, with release of talent in a The cool, noble grandeur of the crenelated tapestries grace the small bars, unfor­ free-wheeling manner, to introduce aluminum, together with modern technology, tunately, in the case of Jolanta Owidzka's imagination and experiment into public give rise to worthy portals hiding the delights (a gift of the Polish community), not too service thinking. A salute to Canadian enter­ prise through government action!

30 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 Review I Revue

On two separate Sundays we visited Port Hope, on Lake Ontario, and the new Brock University campus, outside St Catharines.

We were struck by the air of impoverished gentility that characterizes Port Hope- sadly ironic note in its name - and its fine, curving, inclined, Main Street. (1, 2) The curve con­ denses the heavy window detailing into a foreshortened perspective, like a graceful eighteenth century engraving. Mercifully many elegant 19th century shop fronts, through the good fortune of poor fortune and disuse, have been preserved. (We noted that shop fronts which had been " modern­ ized", were certainly less elegant, and a good deal less effective for goods display, 2 than the original shop windows. The modern fronts also fragmented the consistency that cultural and economic - should not, must We then cast our minds back to Port Hope the street had once obviously possessed). not, be used improvidently. and thought how perfect a receptacle this town is for a university- a univer- The town, without a sufficiently prosperous Is it not therefore insane not to begin the sity town, part of the urban scene, making economic base cannot keep or attract construction of universities within towns, for use of an under-utilized urban resource, and inhabitants who would give the area vitality. the universities' and the communities' enriching it. We then thought of other rural Without such an economic base, it cannot common benefit? Is it not extravagant for follys- Trent, or Simon Fraser. afford the rehabilitation which could make governments to expend funds on both uni­ How long will it be before they have the this town one of the finest urban scenes in versities and renewal programs, when a appurtenances of civilization around them? North America. Beyond the rehabilitation, coincidence of satisfactions could be Why not Trent in Peterborough? (The cost­ there are the potentials of its lakefront achieved with resourceful use of men , benefit study would show whether the position to be exploited, which also, of money and expertise? Universities can be higher land costs in the town were justified course, requires economic input. compared to major industries in terms of on economic grounds, especially in the long economic benefit, and they and the man­ term comprehensive cost benefits for the St Catharines, while more prosperous and power they have, can bring a high order of community as a whole). less charming, also has a dereliction of its technical, social and cultural benefit to a own and an unexploited potential - especi­ community. Indeed, the planning and con­ Canada is not alone in the nostalgia for the ally the main Street, which fol lows the edge struction of the universities within towns groves of academe set apart as separate, of a ravine. We followed the road out to the could be an instrument of far-sighted and distant enclaves. Britain's new universi­ Niagara Peninsula, to view, with other Sun­ physical economic and social planning: ties have frequently been planned in similar day drivers, the construction of the new (universities, unlike industries, can plan manner, with the resultant problems a rural campus. Brock stands some miles from St long-range development without the con­ campus in isolation create. It is difficult to Catharines in open farmland, not quite on straint of yielding short run dollar profits) the understand this policy, with the magnificent the edge of the escarpment, in sorry city as laboratory and common sustainer. precedent set by Oxford and Cambridge. isolation. And on this continent, with similarly suc­ It would be interesting to make a cost­ cessful precedent- Harvard, Yale- it is Thus it reconfirmed our view that the policy benefit analysis of what this would mean ­ equally difficult to explain such a policy. of siting universities in suburban or rural using the many forms of housing that the areas was a compound folly. First, a deso­ city can provide; renovating existing struc­ Students should, from coast to coast, create late campus will be the home of at least one, tures, utilizing, say, derelict theatres; build­ storms about this, their cu ltural environ­ and probably more generations of students. ing anew in strategic locations; and of ment and future, and find their hopes in Second, the university will have to provide, course supporting all the pubs, coffee bars, appropriate urban ports. Rural campuses, to out of its own capital budget, all the ameni­ bookshops, shops and even athletic facilities use the current terminology, are not ties necessary for a community, if it is to be of the town. Again , for mutual sustenance, relevant. more than an academic encampment, or a as against starting from scratch in the sticks. A. J. Diamond and place only to commute to and from. Third, It would not be presumptuous to guess Barton Myers we have an urban society, and the university where students and faculty would rather be. as a community resource - academic,

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 31 These hospitals had their choice of any floor covering for their new facilities. Why was Torginol selected over all others?

Because the needs of hospitals, nursing homes and clinics Torginol floors are welcomed by many Health Departments. are specialized - and Torginol is the proven leader in • Torginol floors are to ugh, too. Their unique molecular seamless floor coverings that best meet those special needs. structure makes them exceptionally resilient to scuffs and • Because Torginol floors have no seams and require no scrapes, gives them maximum resistance to acids and alkalis. surface waxing, they discourage dus t, dirt, fungi and bacteria. If you are planning to build or remodel. call your nearby • Some installations have saved up to 70 % in maintenance Torginol dealer to find out how you can enjoy the advantages costs! And because they are so easily kept fresh and aseptic, of bright, beautiful Torginol flooring. T ~ TORG INOL Ton~:•nol (Canadil ) limit e ~ you get something more when you get T 0 R G I N 0 L SE AMLESS RES ILIENT FLOORING Ove r a Generation of World Wide Acce ptance

Ch eck the Yellow Pa ges for your nearest Torg ino l Deal er or write : Customer Re lat ions Dep artment . To rginol (Canada) limited , Post Office Box 337 , Win dsor, Onta ri o

32 Arc hitecture Canada 5/ 69 Resumes

PageS La ville moderne est en train de se polluer La preservation de son heritage est un sujet Congres conjoint de I'AlA et de l'IRAC com me toute autre ville contemporaine. Ella tres discute a Chicago. II y a eu quelques construit des autoroutes a toute allure pour protestations lorsqu'ont ete detruits le Palmer House, Chicago, le 22 au 26 juin. amener plus de voitures qui augmenteront Garrick Theatre de Adler & Sullivan, Ia Premiere assembles de I'IRAC a l'etranger. davantage le besoin d'autoroutes. Les ghet­ charmante Edison Shop de Purcell, Feick & Premiere application des nouveaux statuts tos continus a s'etouffer car ceux qui y pro­ Elmslie, le Republic Building de Holabird & de Ia confederation des 9 associations pro­ pose des solutions sent les blancs qui habi­ Roche et le Chicago School Cable Building vinciales. Les delegues canadians so us Ia tant en grande banlieue et qui travail dans du meme architecte, mais on continue a direction de Frank Nicol (Toronto) partici­ les grandes tours du centre ville. L'exploita­ demolir les batiments historiques. peront aux diverses discussions sur le tion urbaine de Chicago se fait d'une fagon theme "Focus Now". Le Dr H. Selye delivrera de plus en plus cinglee. Citons en example A part cela, les ediles de Ia ville proposent l'adresse Purves, discours annual de I'AIA. le Hancock Centre de Skidmore. Comment · maintenant cet ultima desastre pour tout Critique sur Ia ville de Chicago menee par peut-on avoir situe ce geant parmi les bouti­ l'environnement, un aeroport majeur pour G. Legault, A. Erickson etC. Wiens. Critique ques et petites maisons d'un quartierou me­ jets tout pres de Ia cote sur ce qui reste du sur Ia ville de Montreal menee par l'equipe me le chateau d'eau a l'air d'un jouet? L'ave­ lac Michigan. de I' AlA, J. Fisher-Smith, Jacqueline Robert­ nue deja tourmentee par des embouteillages son etA. Rogers. Les membres suivants de exasperants va maintenant faire face a des Patron de !'Architecture? Peut-etre. Mais I'IRAC participeront aux sessions d'etudes: centaines de voitures en plus aux heures de Chicago meriterait mieux ce titre si elle s'in­ 1. Inter-actions professionnelles: J. E. pointes et une foule ecrasante. L'esprit re­ teressait plus a !'integration de son passe Searle, R. T. Affleck; 2. Facteurs ayant un cule davant !'image d'un tel chaos. Sans historique avec son architecture contem­ effet sur l'ampleur et Ia nature d'une pra­ doute un immeuble d'une telle magnitude poraine palpitant d'interet. tique: G. Desbarats, W. R. lredale; 3. Le aurait dO etre situe directement sur une Client et Ia Societe: J. C. Parkin; 4. Dialogue artere principals telle que l'a ete le Pruden­ Page 35 entre etudiants et profession nels- "Ce qui tial Building. Les autres immeubles con­ Le Centre National des Arts, Ottawa est et ce qui devrait etre": etudiant pas en­ temporains sont moins controverses mais Alastair Grant core designe; 5. Le prix tres eleve de Ia plusieurs meritent notre attention. Lake responsabilite: R. F. Briggs; 6. Le regime Point Tower, une tour moderne et Iissa en Le Centre National des Arts joue un role economique du service: H. P. Labelle, P. M. forme de trefle a ete distinguee d'honneur tres important dans Ia mise en valeur du Keenleyside; 7. Systemes a elements cons­ par I'AIA mais ella fait partie de cette cloture quartier renove dans lequel il est parfaite­ titutifs: R. F. Robbie; 8. Evaluation et re­ qui s'eleve le long du lac obturant Ia vue a ment integre. Une interpretation liberale des cueillement de renseignements: G. Arnott, ceux qui ne peuvent passe permettre un donnees du pro jet etablies par !'Alliance des D. G. Laplante; 9. Gerance de construction: appartement au 35ieme. L'Eglise Seven­ Arts de Ia Capitale Nationals a perm is a E. H. Zeidler; 10. Programmation: M. teenth Church of Christ, Scientist, de Harry l'architecte Fred Lebensold d'ajouter au Charney; 11. Techniques de production en Weese presente un contrasts frappant parmi programme des boutiques, des restaurants, agence: C. F. T. Rounthwaite; 12. Batiments les gratte-ciels voisins et !'office du mer­ des terrasses, un parvis avec des kiosques historiques: W. S. Goulding, J. Bland, P. credi midi attire toute une foule qui ne vient publicitaires, un acces directe du foyer au Dandyk sera chef de Ia delegation (18) des que pour admirer l'effet theatral Wagnerian parking souterrain. Le programme a ete etudiants. de !'auditorium. L'edifice de Ia First National ainsi redefini afin d'y inclure non seulement Bank, au centre geometrique du Loop, a les fonctions du batiment proprement dit PageS attire quelques pointes pour sa forme qui ne mais aussi sa participation dans !'animation Chicago- Patron de I'Architecture? semble pas etre issue de Ia fonction mais, de Ia ville. Les habitues du theatre pourront Rob Cuscaden au contraire, Ia ban que avait besoin d'une s'attarder pour participer aux diverses grande superficie au rez-de-chaussee pour activites offertes par le Centre. Les gens a La fin du dernier siecle fut !'age d'or de ses activites bancaires et pour les foyers l'exterieur pourront circular sur les terrasses, !'architecture a Chicago. C'est l'epoque ou d'ascenseurs et, une enquete sur les passer par dessus et par dessous certaines l'acier et les ascenseurs ont fait leur debut besoins des locataires a determine qu'il parties du batiment et se trouveront tout et ont produit les gratte-ciels qui ont trans­ existait une demande pour des bureaux naturellement attires vers l'interieur. Les forme Ia ville. Certains monuments de avec des grandes surfaces vitrees par rap­ voitures pourront deposer leurs passagers a l'epoque existent toujours: Reliance Build­ port a de petites superficies de plancher, !'entree principale et ensuite descendre au ing et Monadnock Building de Burnham & done les etages montent en se retrecissants. garage soit par !'entre sous le pont Root, Auditorium Theatre de Adler & Sulli­ Mackenzie King ou a l'ouest de Ia rue Elgin. van, Manhattan Building de Wm . LeBaron Au Chicago Circle Campus de I'Universite L'ensemble du pro jet est un modele d'inte­ Jenney, Glessner House de H. H. Richardson d'lllinois les etudiants se plaignent que gration dans le plan d'urbanisme d'une ville, et Robie House de F. L. Wright. Ceux-ci et toute cette vaste etendue de beton hers offrant ses services d'une fagon impeccable d'autres sent sur l'itineraire des excursions d'echelle leur donne un sentiment d'etre et invitant Ia participation de toutle monde. accompagees du Congres AIA/IRAC. des chiffres sur un tableau plutot que des etres humaines dans une ambiance reelle.

Architecture Canada 5/69 33 Page38 CNA il y a 2 dispositifs de reglage: des pan­ Page 39 Le Centre National des Arts, Ottawa neaux amovibles suspend us au pia fond et Ecoles Donnees Techniques des rideaux absorbants qui peuvent etre Alastair Grant tires. II y a aussi un systeme de reverbera­ Deux etudiants canadians en quatrieme an­ tion qui consiste en des hauts parieurs dis­ nee, Paul Zajfen de McGill et Brian Eldred Le Centre National des Arts comprend trois perses dans ies faux plafonds, sous les bal­ de I'Universite de Manitoba sont parmi les salles de spectacles, soit, l'opera, le theatre, cons, etc. Les etudes de l'acoustique ont ete six gagnants des prix pour me rite exception­ le studio. L'opera a 2,300 places et une faites par Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. nel offerts par !'Association Portland Ce­ scene avec manteau d'arlequin. Le theatre sous Ia direction de Laymon N. Miller, con­ ment. lis recevront des bourses qui leur per­ a environ 800 places disposees en demi­ tr61e des bruits et Dr J. Jacek, systemes mettront de suivre des cours d'ete a !'Ecole cercle autour d'une scene mise en avant. so no res. des Beaux-Arts de Fontainebleau, pres de II peut s'adapter a un manteau d'arlequin et Paris. M. Zajfen a propose des logements l'avant scene peut etre abaissee pour aug­ Page49 pour Westmount, Quebec avec une variate manter le nombre de places assises. Le Eclairage d'appartements-types. Son batiment est studio est de forme hexagonale avec six Le Centre National des Arts base sur un systeme de trois niveaux avec entrees et le plancher est en sections dont William M. C. Lam rue interieure ou chaque appartement oc;-­ Ia hauteur peut etre variee offrant ainsi cupe un niveau entier, plus une partie du plusieurs variantes d'amenagement. Les 3 L'eciairage du CNA est a Ia lois decoratif et niveau inferieur ou superieur. Des murs por· scenes et les sa lies de repetition sont au fonctionnel, le resuitat de !'integration totaie teurs et des dalles de beton arme aident a meme niveau afin de partager un seul quai des etudes en structure, mecanique et ar­ isoler le son. Dans le projet de M. Eldred II de livraison et d'etre pres des loges des chitecture et des principes de perception et s'agit du developpement d'un pont commer­ artistes. Legrand foyer est le point de de i'acoustique. L'exterieur en plein jour cial qui traverse le fleuve Saskatchewan a repere. II donne acces a toutes les salles exprime clairement Ia fonction de theatre Edmonton, Alberta. La vallee creee par ce principales. Le salon sert a Ia reception des par Ia forme des masses que le solei I fait fleuve, large mais peu profond, sert a rom­ dignitaires. Plusieurs oeuvres d'art sont ressortir. Lorsque le temps est moins en­ pre Ia monotonie des prairies mais elle pose incorporees dans !'architecture. Les lustres soleille un sens de profondeur est obtenu un problema pour Ia circulation dans Ia de William Martin font partie integrale de Ia aux ianterneaux par un effet etincelant, aux mesure ou les ponts sont tres couteaux. conception des escaliers. Les portes de escaliers par des traits lumineux, aux arri­ Pour resoudre ce probleme, M. Eldred pro­ Jordi Bonet, Ia peinture murale de William vees par ies plafonds iumineux des foyers pose un pont qui comporte des elements Ronald, le rideau de Micheline Beauchemin, et ies panneux publicitaires a lustres. La commerciaux, le stationnement, une station les fontaines, les sculptures, font partie de nuit, Ia forme des salles de theatre, de con­ de transport rapide, et une auto route a dix !'ensemble. L'ambiance de divertissement cert et opera sont eclairees par projecteurs. voles. La structure tubulaire en beton arme est rehaussee par les trois restaurants, ies Les arb res sont eciaires de l'interieur de Ia utilise Ia post-tension et profite de Ia nature boutiques, les terrasses, les expositions place. L'eclairage secondaire des escaliers monolithique du baton et de sa bonne resis­ d'oeuvres d'art et les jeux de lumiere. Les et autres parties du batiment produit une tance a Ia compression. differentes fonctions des volumes sont ambiance mysterieuse et gaie. Les projec­ exprimees a l'exterieur par les nuances du teurs exterieurs sont contenus dans des Nova Scotia Tech a modifie ses conditions traitement architectural. Les essais d'acous­ formes scuipturales sur Ia place. L'effet the­ d'entree. Doren avant, il sera necessaire de tique ont donne d'excellents resultats. Le atral dans les escaliers est cree par le rayon completer deux ans d'etudes a n'importe pro jet est tellement complexe que Jesser­ de lumiere venant du lanterneau sur une quelle Universite ou institution equivalente vices mecanique occupant un tiers de sculpture en crystal autour de laquelle cir­ reconnue par Ia Faculte d'Architecture. Ia surface. cule le public du theatre. L'eclairage des panneaux-kiosques publicitaires rem place Cette an nee !'Association Americaine d'Ar­ Page 46 Ia marquise traditionelle. La conception de chitectes (AlA) et I'IRAC se reuniront a Acoustique de Ia Grande Salle du Centre l'eclairage interieur de l'opera est derivee Chicago le 22 juin jusqu'au 26. Le theme, National des Arts, Ottawa des formes architecturales. Le desordre de "Mise au Point Actuelle" engage les dele­ Russell Johnson tout l'equipement en faux plafond est dis­ gues a discuter des problemas immediats simule par l'eclairage accentue des pas­ plut6t que de vagues notions futuristes. La maitrise des effets sonores dus aux tur­ serelles qui s'accorde avec l'eclairage des L'IRAC enverra 18 delegues etudiants, deux bulences d'air, aux moteurs, ascenseurs, poteaux pour transformer toute Ia salle en de chaque ecole d'architecture canadienne. cam ions, avions, etc., est !'aspect ie plus un enorme lustre. Des effets tres varies sont Au moment ou cet article est pub lie, ces de­ important dans l'etude de i'acoustique. Le obtenus par gradation et commutation. Le legues auront deja ete choisis et en tant que niveau du bruit de fond dans une salle ne beton brut des murs du theatre est eclaire coordonnateur de Ia delegation je me met­ doit pas depasser 12 dB a 4000 cps, 14 dB a de Ia meme fa9on que !'opera par des trai en contact avec eux. Peter Dandyk (re­ 2000 cps., etc. Le nombre de places et les lampes nues disposees derriere une poutre dacteur etudiant pour Waterloo, designe co­ dimensions de Ia salle sont d'importance perimetrique et dans des caissons pyrami­ ordonnateur par I'IRAC). critique a l'acoustique. L'heureux choix de daux en plafond. L'eclairage perimetrique l'architecte d'un pian presque Carre eta 3 de studio est semblable. L'eclairage et Ia etages reduit l'echelle de Ia salle et Jes sail­ sculpture de William Martin ont determine lies agissent com me tympans reflechissant Ia forme de l'escalier. La lumiere est dirigee ie son. La perception des sons dans les sur le crystal qui Ia reflechi avec eclat. Ce registres les plus bas depend de Ia densite principe de refraction de Ia lumiere est ap­ et l'epaisseur des materiaux dans Ia salle. plique dans le salon aussi; l'effet avait ete La reverberation sonore ou !'articulation de predetermine par des etudes sur maquettes. Ia salle convenable pour un discours ne l'est L'eclairage des foyers est positif avec les pas forcement pour Ia musique. L'indice lam pes encastrees dans des caissons et d'articulation (AI) peut etre represent€! faisant partie integrale des diffuseurs et graphiquement et !'articulation necessaire parfois meme des haut parleurs. L'espace­ peut etre determinee a l'aide d'etudes sur ment des lampes dans les niches des maquettes. (Voir fig. 1). Dans Ia Salle du poteaux augmente en ascendant et Ia lumiere est refractee sur les diffuseurs anodises or et sur les rideaux de boules de verre.

34 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 Features I Projets

The National Arts Centre

The National Arts Centre combines in one single building Working drawings for the National Museum by Thompson, complex the greatest contribution yet to the architectural, Berwick, Pratt & Partners, were far advanced, and set cultural, social and recreational development of the some of the parameters for the design of the National Arts National Capital. It is an object lesson in how a building Centre. A grade connection was provided across the should play its part to improve the existing city framework Mackenzie King Bridge, and both buildings were to share and as such is significant for the development of cities an underground parking garage. A scheme for the everywhere. redesign of Confederation Square was being prepared by Hart Massey and included a below-grade shopping The early impetus for the Centre came from the National concourse. An unbroken pedestrain link would have been Capital Arts Alliance, a private organization of 55 arts provided from the Sparks Street Mall to the Museum. groups in the Ottawa region. A report prepared in 1963 outlined the need for facilities meeting international stan­ Shortly after work on the design of the Centre was begun, dards to "nurture and encourage excellence in the per­ the government revised its policy on museums and forming arts ... both in the National Capital area and cancelled the National Museum. With tight money, the throughout Canada." The report, which described how this Confederation Square redevelopment was shelved. T he need could be met, received the support of the federal yacht basin and th e convention centre on the east side government, and the project was launched in 1964. Affleck, of the Canal still appear to be a long way off. The Desbarats, Dimakopoulos, Lebensold & Sise were National Arts Centre has been left to stand on its own. appointed consulting architects, with Fred Lebensold as partner in charge. In spite of this the building draws the city to itself, and has created an urban environment where formerly none The building was originally to have been located on existed. How was it able to do this? What were the factors Nepean Point, below Parliament Hill on the Ottawa River. that made this possible? Here it would have been away from the congestion of city The program handed to the architect, which was in fact traffic. Surrounded by acres of parking it would have given the report prepared for the National Capital Arts Alliance, rise to few of the problems that later had to be faced, but it was simply a list of spaces- an opera house, a theatre would have been a building turned in on itself, making no and a studio- their approximate areas, and a budget. demands of the city, challenging nothing. It would have The report explained how similar spaces had been treated been what so many cultural centres elsewhere have elsewhere and suggested the same solutions be followed become, a theatre museum separated from the life of the here whereve r possible. There was also an appendix city of which it was supposed to have been a part. • describing the pitfalls to be avoided. In a number of cases the do's and don'ts cancelled each other out! The opportunity to do something more than this came when a 6Y2 -acre site just south of Confederation Square In the process of designing the building, this oversimplified controlled by the National Capital Commission was made program became merely a point of reference, one of the available. Lying along the Rideau Canal, with the National sets of conditions to be met. It was necessary for the Museum to the south, the building was suddenly in the architects to rethink the problem from basic premises and middle of the most exciting redevelopment taking place in enunciate the criteria that had been overlooked but Ottawa. To the east, across the Canal, extensive redevelop­ which were vital to the proper working of the scheme. ment was also being contemplated, including a convention Approached from this standpoint, the emphasis given to centre and a yacht basin to be made by widening anticipating the needs of everyone who might use the the Canal. building- the public at large as well as theatre-goers- is readily understood. The program was redefined to '(Incidentally, Jacques Greber's 1950 plan for the National include not only the bu ilding's function, but to account for Capital placed a national theatre across Elgin Street, its place within the c ity as well. on the site of the National Gallery, from the new Arts Centre, but his master plan left the whole of Confederation Seldom does a single building offer so much to the casual Park as open space.) visitor. It is possible to walk over and under and up and

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 35 Photographs by Carol Moore Ede

through it without actually entering enclosed space. passengers at this entrance but can enter the parking Exploration precedes encounter. At significant points the garage by doors under the Mackenzie King Bridge. exterior shell breaks and the interior is exposed, making From here there is direct access to the lobby for pedes­ possible participation in the life w ithin, while yet trians without going outside. The last alternative is to enter remaining outside. the garage by a tunnel to the west of Elgin Street, thereby avoiding the crush around Confederation Square. There But city life is after all not limited to observation : it are places within the garage with direct access to the demands involvement. The building offers varying degrees lobby where passengers may be left before the driver goes of participation. There are illuminated kiosks and a row to find a parking space. of boutiques along Elgin Street; there are restaurants ; there may even be a discotheque- al l these in addition to After the performance different problems occur, and the the theatres which were the point of departure in the answers have been equally well thought out. Of course, first place. the really smart people w ill come early, browse in the shops, eat in the restaurants, and then have a drink after­ These other facilities were not mere afterthoughts. They wards before going home. And here is the trick. The serve a specific purpose and were introduced at critical building works for the city; it also works for itself. places in th e building. Each exploits its location. Each can And this is after all what gives it its magic. With this as its be understood in relation to the needs of the users, purpose all the other aspects of expertise, the construction and the city of which the building is now a part. techniques, the careful detailing, fall into place. This is This concern for social viability was not allowed to why the National Arts Centre is an object lesson in city obscure the careful planning of the building itself. The planning. The analysis of the program has exploited the thought process which led to the re-statement of the latent possibilities of involving private citizens in the life program was equally uncompromising in this aspect of of the building. They are enticed into entering, and once the problem as well. inside they are persuaded to participate in its activity. No cultural centre could do more. For example, the stages of all three theatres are on the same level, where they may be served by workshops, store­ Alastair Grant rooms and a common delivery lane. The orchestra floors of the opera house and the theatre rise at the back almost to the same level, one floor above the stage. This becomes the main lobby level and is a point of reference for every­ one using the building. In the case of the studio, which does not have a raked floor, the main lobby opens onto a balcony overlooking the room. Credits Department of Public Works: Again, and in the same manner, considerab!e thought was Assistant Deputy Minister (Design), J. A. Langford, FRAIC; given to the solution of problems associated with the arrival Director of Design, National Capital Region, R. F. West and departure of large numbers of people at the same Consulting Architects: time. In a city like Ottawa where public transportation Affleck, Desbarats, Dimakopoulos, Lebensold, Sise; Partner-in­ facilities are poor, almost everyone travels by car. It may Charge, D. F. Lebensold be possible to schedule performances so that there are Consultants: different starting times for each theatre, but this does Structural, Adjeleian & Associates; Mechanical and Electrical, not meet the need completely. Granek, Chisvin, Crossey; Lighting, William M. C. Lam & Associates, Jean Rosenthal (Stage Lighting); Acoustics, Bolt, Beranek and Newman, Inc., N.J. Pappas & Associates; Traffic, There are in fact three alternative ways of coming to the Roads & Parking, DeLeuw, Cather & Company of Canada Ltd.; building by car. It is anticipated that a large number of Landscaping, Sasaki, Strong & Associates Ltd. people will use taxis or will come in limousines. These will General Contractors: leave their passengers at the ceremonial entrance off the Phase 1, C. A. Pitts General Contractors Ltd., main lobby and will re-enter the city by way of the Drive­ Phase 2, Foundation Company of Canada Ltd., way. In the case of private cars, they may also leave Phase 3, V. K. Mason Construction Co. Ltd.

36 Architecture Canada 5/ 69

National Arts Centre 1 Opera Hall Salle d'opera

2 Opera Hall , from first balcony Salle d'opera, vue du premier bal ee n

3 Opera, boxes Planning and Technical Data Loges d'opera

The Theatre, on the other hand, has a thrust stage, and the audience sits in an arc of 180°. It has a seating capacity approximately one third that of the Opera, and it is therefore more intimate in scale. The stage has been so designed that if a proscenium opening is required, the forestage may be lowered, and the space used for additional seating.

The Studio, which is intended for experi­ mental productions, has no fixed seating. Seats are entirely free and may be arranged in any fashion by the individual director. Standard sections have been designed by the architect to provide a banked floor and can reach as high as the balcony which goes around the room. The space is hexagonal in shape and there are doors in every side. Actors may use all six, but the public enter from the one off the lower lobby. The Studio is, in a sense, an architect's ideal theatre­ loft space in which theatrical performances take place.

In addition to the three main halls, there are also two rehearsal halls which may, on occasion, be used for public performances. They have been placed immediately adja­ cent to the stage door so that traffic does not conflict with dressing room areas. The main lobby serves all three halls and acts as a point of recognition and identifica­ tion for visitors to the building- an important consideration in such a complex structure. On all levels above and below, there are openings through to the main level so it is possible to tell where you are from any one 2 of the lobbies . The National Arts Centre is the Centennial on the exterior, public areas have been de­ project of the Federal government for the veloped as a series of terraces overlooking National Capital. Designed as part of an the water of the Canal. ext ensive redevelopment of the downtown area, it was constructed over a five year There are three main halls for theatrical per­ period at a total cost of $46.4 million, wh ich formances, an Opera House, a Theatre and a also covered the rebuilding of the ap­ Studio. Each hall is a different size, and proaches to the Mackenzie King Bridge and each provides for different audience-per­ an underground parking garage. former relationships.

The site is a triangular piece of land imme­ The Opera House, for example, is primarily diately south of Confederation Square intended for opera, ballet and orchestra and between Elgin Street and the Rideau Canal. has a proscenium arch. It has a seating The building has been set well into the capacity of 2,300, arranged on four levels, ground and the main entrance is half way and no seat is more than 115 feet from the down the slope from Elgin Street on the stage. Canal side. Both in the internal planning and

38 A rchitecture Canada 5/ 69 4 Th ea tre balcony ana ce11mg 6, 7 StUdiO- the producer orga n1 zes hiS 8 Cafe overl oo king R1d eau Can al Bal ee n et ptafond du theatre own audience Cafe donn ant sur le Cana l Rideau

5 Theatre Le " Studio''- le metteur en scene lui-me me Theatre peut organiser ses spectateurs

formance will encourage early arrivals. There are a number of boutiques and a mini­ cinema along Elgin Street. These give access to the main lobby and the parking garage, and it will therefore be possible to browse through the shops on the way to the theatre. There is as well a special reception room , known as the Salon. Placed between the Opera House and the Theatre, it gives im­ mediate access to the royal box. It may be used independently of theatrical per­ formances for private receptions and small supper-dances, but it has also been sug­ gested that it be used for chamber music concerts. 8 designed on the rain-wall principle, and Works of art have been incorporated in the clad with precast concrete panels. Varia­ fabric of the building rather than being tions in the cladding on the upper parts of added as afterthoughts. In almost every the building have been used to identify in­ case they have been built in . Micheline terior functions : the stage houses are Beauchemin designed the curtain of the smooth, performing areas have small ridges Opera. The thirty foot high cast aluminum and the public areas large ribs. doors of the Salon are by Jordi Bonet. Throughout the building specially designed A mural by William Ronald covers an entire ceiling panels have been used for lobbies wall of the lobby outside the Studio. Only and over the entrances. Repeating the basic two pieces of sculpture are free-standing: hexagonal module, fiberglas units incorpo­ a Zadkine in memory of Donald Buchanan, rate lighting fixtures - individual incandes­ Chairman of the Art Advisory Committee, in cent clear bulbs- and the diffusers for the the main lobby, and a Daudelin on the air handling system. 5 terrace outside the south wall of the stage To simplify service access, the three stages house of the Opera (See page 29, Arts The construction of the entire complex was and the rehearsal rooms have been placed section of this issue for more on the art at divided into three stages. The first two, the on the same level. The main lobby is at a the National Arts Centre.) rebuilding of the approaches to the Macken­ point established by the rise in the slope of zie King Bridge and the underground park­ the Opera House floor, and is approximately Th e structure of the building is poured-in­ ing garage, were completed by 1968. The one floor above the stage level. The rake of place concrete. The only variation from this exterior shed of the theatre complex was the floor in the Theatre is steeper, but the is the use of steel beams for the long spans completed in 1968 and the interior in room is smaller and the level reached is al­ over the Opera House. Th e exterior wall is May 1969. Alastair Grant most identical. A short ramp makes up the difference.

The stages of the Opera House and the Theatre are on opposite side of a common workshop, and have a single delivery lane­ way. Careful consideration has been given to the problem of soundproofing the two halls from each other.

In addition to its primary function, the Centre contains spaces for a number of other uses. There are, for example, three restaurants which will be open to the general public at all times. These were added to the program as an extra service to theatre-goers. The op­ portunity to dine before attending a per- 6 7

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 39 Albert Street

~ r ,_ ~

iii~ ~ ~ *

"=~ * Queen Street

0 20 601t ~ Site Plan

Section, Studio

Section, Hall

40 Architecture Canada 5/ 69

Level218' Plan, Level 241'

el225

6

el225

O SOft nJ""<._J

, Level224' Plan, Level256' Leend Legende 1 radway I Route d'acces 2 p') menade I Promenade 3 a ival I Arrivee 4 t:destrian bridge I Passerelle des pietons 5 uck road I Route des camions 6 t:rking I Stationnement 7 uffic lane I Voie de circulation 8 t ~ cking area I Aire des camions 9 rfTlP I Rampe 10 rfTlP up I Rampe de mantee 11 rfTlP down I Rampe de descente 12 n3il-printing I Postes-imprimerie 13 atists' entrance I Entree des artistes 14 nachanical area I Salle d 'equipement nei canique 15 t ~ P room I Oirecteur de scene 16 nh earsal room I Salle des repetitions 17 k ~ chen I Cu isine 18 s') rage I Reserve 19 cl fe 1 Cafe 20 lcbby I Foyer 21 terrace I Terrasse 22 ten ant space I Espace pour locataire 23 s:udi o I Studio 24 s:udi o service I Service au studio 25 slage I Scene 26 th rust stage I Scene mise en avant 27 vomitory I Vomitoire 28 dressing room area I Loges des artistes 29 Gleen Room I Foyer des artistes 30 ... orks hop I Atelier 31 ba ck stage I Arriere-scene 32 or hestra elevators I Monte-charges de l'orchestre 33 el ator pit I Fosses des monte-charges 34 r mechanical I Partie haute de ipement mecanique 35 ption I Reception 36 ry I Bibliotheque 37 co terence I Salle de conference 38 ad inistration offices I Bureaux de l'a min istration 39 st io lobby I Foyer du studio 40 o n I Vide 41 b ony I Balcon 42 re rooms I Toilettes 43 re ertory office I Bureau de repertoires 44 u er rehearsal room I Vide superieur d salles de repetiti on or hestra I Orchestre trois I Commandes tre lobby I Foye r du theatre es I Bureaux ery I Service des repas eral office I Bureau gemeral ets I Caisse e ranee foyer I Hall d 'entree m n foyer I Grand foye r sa n I Salon 55 ro al box I loge officielle 56 lo ing area I Aire de chargement 57 p sage I Passage 58 c t room I Vestiaire 59 fir aid I Premiers secours 60 us ers I Ouvreu rs 61 o ra hall lobby I Foyer de l'opera 62 st dee area I Pl aces debout 63 p estrian passage I Passage des pietons 64 st rag e I Reserve 65 re ertory workshops I Atelier repertoire 66 u e r studio I Vide superieur du studio 67 lo nge I Petit salon 68 u er stage I Gril 69 er wo rkshop I Atelier superieur 70 er salon I Salon d 'en haut 71 m zanine I Mezzanine 72 pi no nobile I Piano nobile 73 si ewalk I Trottoir 74 re taurant I Restaurant 75 a phitheatre I Amphitheatre

1 Speech criterion curve National Arts Centre Courbe indiquant le criteri um de perform ance pour Ia parole

2 Mu sic performance criterion curve Courbe indiquant le criterium de performance pour Ia musique Opera Hall Acoustics Russell Johnson, B.Arch

High Articulation, low I--"' Satisfactory Reverberance, Dryness /

Attention required when talker v turns away

Attention required when talker I turns away, miss some isolated words

I Attention required when lace-to­ lace, miss sentences when talker I turns awav Low Articulation, High Reverberance, Wetness / Unsatisfactory 0 .2 .4 . 6 .8 1.0

Articulation Index 0 .2 .4 .6 '8 1.0 2 Articulation Index Probably th e single most important aspect of distance from th e performer to the audience that are housed by community and campus good hearing in an auditorium is control of in the back rows. auditoriums. The particular acoustical attri­ noise. Auditoriums must be free of any noise bute that must be adjusted to su it music or - noise from other spaces in the same build­ The architect of this Hall made a most astute speech, or various forms of music perform­ ing, noise of air turbulence at air supply choice here. Weighing acoustics considera­ ance, is articulation or reverberance. These grilles, intruding truck, aircraft or train tions, visual acuity considerations, sight­ two words describe different degrees of one noise, storm noise, noise from pumps, com­ lines to the acting area of the stage, and subjective characteristic of room sound. An pressors, fans, boilers, elevators and other consideration of esthetics and the psycho­ auditorium with considerable reverberance machinery within the building. Th e logical aspects of perception of three­ -very little articulation - is a room which is task is to eliminate all trace of noise so that dimensional spaces, he chose an audience usually referred to as " live", or sometimes, nothing will mask out any of the faint music chamber about as wide as it is long. In order "wet. " An auditorium with good articulation and speech sounds, particularly in the seats to keep these two dimensions as compact as - not too much reverberation - is often de­ more remote from the stage. In practice this possible and sti ll house an audience of the sc rib ed as " dead" or " dry." means that the background noise level must size specified by the owner, he stacked not exceed 12 dB in the octave band seats in three tiers both alo ng the side walls Speech activities are most intelligible when centered at 4000 cps; 14 dB at 2000 cps; 17 and ac ro ss the rear wal l. The compact there is practically no reverberance and the dB at 1000 cps; 22 dB at 500 cps; 28 dB at design resulting from the use of multiple articulation is good. Professors Lochner and 250 cps and 36 dB at 125 cps. side and rear tiers is decidedly an acoustic Berger working in Pretoria have carefully advantage. The facias or spandrels of the studied many aspects of speech intelligibili­ Seating capacity is of critical acoustic im­ side boxes and the balconies not only re ­ ty, and Figure 1 shows the Articulation Index portance. The larger the audience, the more duce the scale of the room visual ly, but for as modified by Lochner and Berger. The difficult it is to achieve satisfactory hearing many seats provide shorter time delays for descriptive phrases in Figure 1 wh ich relate conditions for various types of theatre and reflected sound. the Articulation Index (AI) to the ease of music performance. Once the seating capa­ making sense of the actor's speech were city is established, the next architectural Perhaps next in importance acoustically is developed by B. G. Watters of Bolt Beranek decision with key acoustic significance is perceived loudness of the lower registers. and Newman Inc. that of setting the horizontal dimensions of Th e architectural implication here is avoid­ Some types of music performance are most the audience chamber - the width, and th e ance of th in materials. Suitable materials for sa tisfying to the listener if the articulation/ auditoriums larger than 900 to 1200 seats reverberance is about the same as for good include plaster applied to the face of ma­ speech intelligibility. Other types of music Mr Johnson, technical coordinator of theatre sonry block, thick wood bonded to masonry, performance require more reverberance ­ and concert hall acoustics for Bolt Beranek and concrete. these types of music need an AI which is and Newman's Los Angeles, Chicago, Cam­ inhospitable for speech. Still other forms of bridge, New York and San Francisco offices, An essential aspect of auditorium acoustics music performance sound best at inter­ has been project manager for acoustical for speech and music performance is the mediate points between high articulation design on many major projects including the ability to instantly adjust the acoustic envi­ and considerable reverberance. Figure 2 Centennial Concert Hall, Winnipeg and Salle ronment of the auditorium so that it is shows a tentative relationship we use to Wilfred Pelletier, Place des Arts, Montreal. hospitable for each of the varied activities evaluate acoustics for music performance. 46 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 3 Acoustical model Maquette pour etudes de l'acoustique

4 Impulse responses at a mid-main fl oor seat position Reponses aux impulsions a une pl ace assise au milieu de Ia grande salle

Practically, the AI can only be predicted by impulse testing in a scale model of an audi­ torium. Fi gure 3 is a photograph of the V2 " 1'- 0" acoustical model of the Hall. Figure 4 shows two pul se traces made in the model, with the microphone located at a position corresponding to a seat position near the centre of the main floor of the Hall, a bit off to o ne side of the centerline.

Th e pul se trace at the left is with th e model concert shell in place and the model simula­ tions of va ri able devices adjusted to pro­ duce a low AI. The calculated AI for this par­ ticular pulse trace is .37.

Fo r the trace on the right, the model concert shell was replaced with a model stagehouse completely lined with a very thick glass­ fiber-blanket. At the same time the simula­ tions of the variable devices were adjusted to produce a high AI. The calculated AI for the trace shown is .63.

There are two types of adjusting devices incorporated in the Hall. Above the main floor, sound-reflecting panels can be set in either a horizontal position or in a vertical position, varying the amount of acoustic AI , 37 Wet Configuration AI , £,3 Dry Configuration energy .reflected directly to the audience areas. In addition, so und absorbing curtains can be extended o r retracted into storage pockets. Th ese curtains are located directly above the main floor, along the upper side­ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ walls, and at the rear wall behind th e three I I balconies.

Installed into the catwalk network above the ~ main floor is an array of surround loud­ \~U 1\ speakers. Additional surround loudspeakers I" \I li are built into the soffits of the si de boxes l T and the balconies. This surround/ reverbera­ 3oB ' .,"' .i "" ,.- tion system will be used for the performance T ~ .La r.J ~ 1 of electronic music, for special effects for v~ lim film exhibition, as a part of theatrical sound l ~ .A effects for opera and musical comedy, and for many popular music attractions. ----1 ~ ,048 seconds Full" Size Hall Laymon N. Miller, Principal Consultant of Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. is responsi­ ble for the noise control in the Hall, and Dr J. Jacek Figwer, BBN 's Technical Coordina­ tor for Sound Systems is responsible for th e design and specification of the sound sys­ 4 tems in the Hall.

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 47

1 Lighting model of hall Through lighting National Arts Centre models, most of the results were predicted long before working drawings were commenced Plan directeur pour l'eclairage 2 Stair tower lighting concept Concept d'eclairage de l'escalier Lighting

William M. C. Lam & Associates, Consultants

The approach to lighting design of the Na­ in allowing pursuit of the objectives with of billboard-chandeliers which line Elgin tional Arts Centre was decorative as well as diligence to details, teamwork, and effective Street and mark entrances to the building. functional. No preconceptions were im­ follow-through. The participating design Upon mounting the plaza, one gets the im­ posed on its development. The lighting con­ and engineering staff worked as a truly inte­ pression of public spaces below through the cept came from : grated t&am. positive expression of skylights penetrating - Architectural forms and space of this pro­ the plaza. Smaller hexagona( forms growing ject. Exterior- Daytime out of the plaza are interesting, but puzzling, - Perception principles. and upon inspection turn out to be housing - Psychological and physiological needs of From a distance, when approaching the for floodlights. the users. Centre on a sunny day ,the overall impres­ - Coordination with structure, mechanical sion is that of a series of unbroken building Exterior - Nighttime systems, and other details. masses on connecting platforms and ter­ races. Their hexagonal shapes of various From a distance, when approaching the The validity of this total design approach sizes are quite obviously those of several Centre on an overcast day, without the crisp can be judged in a variety of applications in theatres and supporting facilities of stage definition of form by sun and shadow, the the Centre because of the range of prob­ houses, stair towers, and lobbies. buildings tend to become more two-dimen­ lems which had to be solved, the clarity of At close range, when approaching the Cen­ sional silhouettes. It was our intention to the architectural concepts, and, most of all, tre from the surrounding streets, the impres­ help maintain depth and liveliness by glow­ the attitude of the architects and engineers sion of " theatre" is reinforced by presence ing forms and glitter at skylight openings,

clear lamps

ve ry narrow beam spots

2

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 49 3 Salon skylight chandelier Le lustre du lanterneau du salon 4 Model of salon chandelier Maquette du lustre du salon 5 Crystal layouts for chandelier Disposition du crista! pour lustre

stair tower slots, and connecting ceiling planes of lobby areas, as well as with bill­ board-chandeliers.

From a distance, when approaching the Centre at night, what is seen can be more totally manipulated and we have chosen to provi de minimum 1/2" clearance compose selectively. Only the forms of the for 5" dia lamp " egg " of the Theatre and the Opera House­ Concert Hall are floodlighted. As accessory faci lities, the stage houses are left dark, ex­ cept for the cast pattern of the Daudelin sculpture at the rear wall of the Opera stage house. In the darkness the kiosks are now brilliant, as are the stair towers, with the image of lamps reflected in clear skylights 6 type PS #1 (porcelain sockets) (faceted and steeply sloping for this pur­ dia hole in center of triangular plate above) mounted 1112" below socket pose). Trees are uplighted, to provide a matte black or bronze finish lighted frame against the background of the city and add enclosure to the plaza; but the trees are not I it from the street side, where they would be in silhouette against floodlit portions of the Centre. The forms of stair tower and lobby areas are meant to become more mysterious and re­ main secondary to the main halls. But the brilliantly lighted sculpture in the stair towers, or illuminated works of art in the lobbies, seen in silhouette through the ar­ chitectural exterior screen, should beckon, while the reflections of lamps in the sky­ lights add further gaiety.

Details t. 72 stringers gem cut crystal graduated 11/2" dia to 3" Because of the close coordination of design, 3 it is difficult to say how much lighting forms were created by the architecture, or how much some of the architectural forms were created by the lighting design. Both occur­ red. The clear articulation of the shape of the halls invited their being highlighted selectively. And the housing of the lighting equipment to achieve the purpose became the " raison d'etre" for useful sculptural, scale elements on the plaza. The stair towers derived their shape and slotted corners from the lighting concept that the impression of " theatre" and gran­ deur could be heightened if patrons circu­ late around a light reflecting sculpture, illuminated as though by a shaft of sunlight from the top, and by presenting a view to the exterior of a glittery world, unlike that glimosed in office building stair towers. 4 5

50 Architecture Canada 5/69 6 Ceiling rosette containing lighting, air di ffuser and lo ud speaker Rosette en plafond contenant eclalrage, diffuseur et haul parleur 7 Opera Hall column lighting, early concept drawing. Details Improved to eliminate screw attach ment of glass Eclei rage aux poteau de Ia salle d'opera, prem ieres etudes. Les details ont eta ameli ores alin de supprimer Ia fixation du verre par vis

Another examp:e, the need for a kiosk-sign­ chandelier, arose from the absence of a air box r------. traditional theatre marquee. A new form, or speaker J------presenting a distinct, nightime symbol of ~ L.. I f.- a1r " the theatre" and also necessary poster in­ formation had to be created. We chose to I 1------deve:op the design around the hexagonal Theatre form and the basic interior lighting material, the exposer, clear, incandescent lamp.

Interior- Opera House- Concert Ha ll

Inside the Centre, also, the lighting con­ cepts were derived in general and in detail from , and with, the architectural form . The concept of lighting design was to emphasize cast aluminum clear lamp cas t cei ling the most dominant architectural character­ reflector istics. The lobby and hall of the Opera House are one continuous space, separated only by a screen of unbroken columns, with rough sa nd bl ast surface bronze paint finish boxes suspended between them. To empha­ size this feature, bare lamp chandeliers are 6 notched into both the hall and lobby sides of each column. The visual design of the cei:ing grew out of the need for an extensive catwa:k system for stage lighting and screening for a wide range of randomly placed acoustic reflect­ ors and absorbers. After attempting to leave voids for stage lighting, we decided instead to express the catwalks positively by pat­ terns of light-reflecting white batons, flags, and lighting cylinders, of a scale large enough to distract the eye from the dis­ orderly array of equipment above (otherwise illuminated by the column lights) and ar­ ranged to follow the concentric catwalk curves. Together the lighting columns and ceiling create a distinct room-size chandelier, only relevant to the architectural form of the Na­ tional Arts Centre Concert Hall, and whose effectiveness was predictable through an illuminated model. By selective dimming and switching of these elements, together with lighting the curtains, a wide variety of \ spatial and decorative effects can be achieved. For instance, at the beginning of intermission, turning on the lobby side first would expand the space of the hall, beyond 7 the columns, to the outer walls.

Interior- Theatre

The hexagonal space of exposed concrete exterior walls of the Theatre suggested they

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 51 8 Opera Hall, column lamp spacing pattern Salle d'opera, dessln cree par l'espacement des lampes aux poteaux

be highlighted with the same vocabulary of evitable interruptions of access panels, a clear lamps used in the Opera House, richly sculptured, removeable, panel system mounted this time behind perimeter beams. was devised, using the decorative light fix­ The form of the ceiling was again dictated ture as the air supply, and sometimes even by stage lighting. The ceiling structure was loud speaker. In this case, an air diffuser created as a series of light shielding, open was not placed around the light fixture, but fronted, pyramidal boxes. Their junctions the conical shape of the fixture was a na­ are articulated as part of the house lighting tural and therefore neatly integrated air pattern. This room-sized chandelier is also deflecting element of the air diffuser. (6) distinctive only to the National Arts Centre Theatre. Interior - Details

Interior- Studio Execution of th e lighting concepts were co­ ordinated with the details of other building A similar edge treatment is used in the ex­ elements, for example, in the lobby ceiling perimental theatre. (described above).

Interior- Stairs In the Opera House column lighting, the column cladding and air ducts, air diffusers In the stair towers, instead of lighting design and lighting extrusions are combined. One growing from the shape of the space, an of the inherent perceptual difficulties is appropriate space was designed to go maintaining the appearance of a band of around the lighting concept, a spine of il­ light from individually spaced lamps. This is luminated, light reacting scu:pture (William accomplished by lining the gold anodized Martin). The ring of narrow beam spots aluminum reflector with sheets of glass around the skylight perimeter is only direct­ balls. Each ball produces point reflections ed onto the sculpture, and other surfaces oil amps to any viewing position. (A spher­ receive light only indirectly from that sculp­ ical surface will always have a point of ture. Regard:ess of the brillance, no glare tangency to any viewing position.) In addi­ is experienced, since the sparkle is what tion, each ball acts as a focusing lens and one wants to look at(maximum signal-noise creates a brilliant spot on the gold backing. ratio). (2) (7) The combination creates a rich three­ dimensional su rface. Lamps are not evenly Interior - Salon spaced through the vertical length, but spacing increases at the top of the column The idea of light refracting scu~pture used to produce the effect of 'fading out". (8) . in the stairs was used here in somewhat dif­ The decorative light notch is terminated at ferent form. In this case, reflecting elements the bottom by integral ash trays. are simple, graduated strings of glass The rectangular shape of the column was beads, supported in a " frame" of the sky­ modified to accept the lighting notch grace­ light well edge beam. The effect was posi­ fully; thus, the lighting became the " raison tively demonstrated by a model. (3, 4, 5) d'etre" for essentially hexaponal columns, Consistent with the design principle evident adding further to architectural continuity of throughout, the skylight well was used, not the National Arts Centre. only as the obvious space in which to place a chande:ier, but as an integral part of it. Our objective in any lighting design is a total marriage of all parts of the visual en­ Interior- Lobby Areas vironment and accompanying activities, so that all elements seem as though they were The ceiling-lighting system of all lobby created for each other and thus would not areas connecting the Studio, Theatre, and work well elsewhere, unless the situations Opera House was designed as a positive were identical). We believe this has been element, recognizing the importance and accomplished here, through a rational evi­ 8 extensiveness of these surfaces, as the most lutionary process from concept to reality. continuous and visible element when the spaces are filled with people. Rather than William M. C. Lam attempting a more neutral ceiling, with in- 52 Architecture Canada 5/69 Before you decide on elevators for· your building, test ride an Otis. Here are some of our locations: Any time you're in any modern, efficient, well-planned building, look for our name. No doubt you'll be riding an Otis. Otis says: better elevatoring is our business. ~

Vancouver

••,.

OtisElevator Company Li m ited

VB0712

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 53 Hygienic ceilings are over Miss Kelly's head

J-M Acousti-Clad Ceilings laboratories. It's also ideal for the Acousti-Ciad tiles can be -combining the advantages of a high humidity conditions found in suspended or they may be cemented. sanitary aluminum facing with a indoor pools, food preparation (The only metal-clad ceiling tiles bacteriostatic, sound-control core. centres and the like. that can be cemented). Acousti-Ciad This double hygienic protection, Acousti-Clad offers a choice of is easy to keep clean and permits. together with its longer service life, three bacteriostatic cores: Perlite, easy access to utilities located in and contemporary beauty, makes with high moisture resistance. overhead plenum areas. Ideal for Acousti-Clad the choice ceiling Firedike, with high fire-retardance new installations. Ideal for material for use in hospitals, nursing rating. And TL for high sound remodelling. homes, medical and dental clinics, attenuation value. Johns-Manville not only supplies Three patterns are available: Acousti-Ciad-we also install it. diagonal and random perforated, One call can handle it all. Canadian and unperforated-all in a choice Johns-Manville Co. I ~ of colors, silver, gold, copper Limited, 565 Lakeshore !JI L~ 11 and white. Rd. E., Port Credit, Ont. ..

A-7010 Johns-Manville

54 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 Practice I Pratique

Architectural Programming

C. Herbert Wheeler Jr., AlA

Mr Wheeler, architect and Associate architect, shopping center architect, hous­ are partners or project managers or specifi­ Professor of Architectural Engineering at ing architect are words which are beginning cation writers or equipment specialists or Pennsylvania State, is well known for his to have a special meaning. They stand for even construction specialists if they have workshops and seminars on architectural professional qualifications and expertise experience and dedication to the client's practice. He is a frequent visitor and adviser in the design of certain types of complex building type. Clients search for program­ to architects in Canada as well as the USA. environments. Those who create architec­ mers who have acquired that rare gift of ture in these fields of specialty are finding sensitivity for the client's problem. In order to be definitive we have asked infinite personal satisfaction in providing the Mr Wheeler for a description of " Architec­ conceptual design and creative talent Clients merit more and more respect. They tural Programming" ••.. "The word pro­ necessary to work with the client's team in appear to be more sophisticated and more gramming has many meanings in the design the development of a purposeful environ­ knowledgeable in specific building types field. Programming as used in this article is ment. than architects themselves. They appear to defined as 'a process of planning a future be more capable nowadays of selecting procedure'.... Architectural programming The Client's Architect - The Programmer architects who have sensitivity and compe­ describes the work of the architect and the tency in creating the type of building in related disciplines when they prepare a plan Clients single out architects whether they which they are interested. for a future procedure on a professional basis."

A previous article based on Mr Wheeler's address to the 1968 RAIC Assembly on Emerging Technologies and Techniques in Architectural Practice appeared in the Technical Section of Architecture Canada in August 1968. 0 AWC

Sensitivity and competency stand out as the two most exciting characteristics of the new and emerging techniques of architectural programming. No other factors qualify the architectural prog rammer as much as his sensitivity to the needs of the building's occupants and his competency to prepare a program. To be able to understand the functioning of the building, its people and its equipment reveals the native talent of the professional architectural programmer.

Talking the Client's Language

This sensitivity to the client's need, this ability to talk the client's language and this creative talent to "think and feel" the client's problem, places the architectural program­ rN1 mer in the position of trust and, often, Legend Scale project leadership- both of which become winds ..... s unangles the cornerstone of a programmer's work. Both of which signify the primary attributes * view points of the creative, conceptual programmer. ~ principal views SUN, WIND, AND VIEW ORIENTATION" Sensitivity and the understanding resulting from experience helps to develop the price­ Orientation Graphics A technique used by many architectural programmers and designers. Consists of graphic less attribute of " communicateability". Of diagramming on site maps to show prevailing winds, solar orientation, circulation, views, etc. course, "good communications" is the life­ This illustration was intended to explain to clients and others the importance of building line of good architectural programming. In orientation and site layout. See page 58, Group D this era, the hospital architect, education

Architecture Canada 5/69 55 Architectural Programming

OEPAIHMENT .lll)' llC o\I,.Ttt t; l!.l!.fl.._ ~ ~ .l ~ The Search for Programming Techniques ROOM REQUIRE i ~ENTS SCUOO L Ollllf'CTOR' S Ot't'1C t ~ AEHA81LtlATI0N INSTITUTE C F MURPH.,. A SSOC CHICAGO ILL CHICAGO Ill The concentrated search for new techniques

RELATIONSHIP TO reveals that they are found in many regions FURNITURE - EQUIPMENT I I MECHANICAL ARCHITECTURAL OTHER SPACES or in many types of work or in many types of FURNITURE ~HE~A~TI;NC~V~EN~T=. ~• •~.~ CO~N;O ~ fLOORS architectural practice. The emerging tech­ 14 OJCI.- :> fl, "TC"''S ,. r .-ltt. DtsK 111' /CHA.llt ~SJ:.~ II}f'i' o;. l l.'t' niques of architectural programming appear CONP'EII.EHCI!! T ABU: ( 1) ,•l t"H'I, , SHit CHAI RS (6) BOOKSHEI.VES 1 S I../ n. to come from a great many different sources. WA LLS PARTITION S SECQNOAA~ An examination of the procedures used by PLUMBING architects gives insight into not only the characteristics of architectural programming CEiliNGS but also the qualifications of architectural EQUIPMENT COMMUNICATIONS AEMARt

The capability of the programmer is built 3 upon each experience, especially the total experience from start of investigation to evaluation of feedback information which returns to the programmer after the building is built. The use of feedback information and the application of statistics, unit costs, successful programming data, and "as

56 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 built" information places the programmer in STUDY DESIGN a position of advanced standing to plan and prepare the next architectural program. The PHASE I EXISTING use of prior information lessens the amo unt DATA IXUTINO TIIAVfl LAND USE !JRANSPORTATION of " re-inventing the wheel" which goes on in COLLECTION PATTUNS AND ECONOMIC FACiliTIES the custom design of buildings. ACTIVITY Computer capabilities for information stor­ 1 1 J I age and retrieval, microfilming capabilities for handling large volumes of graphic data UIP TRIP DISTRIBUTIO"' PHASE II PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS• IMMEDIATE and photographic capabilities for reproduc­ ~"'D ATTRACTION AND MODEL ACTION PROGRAM ing data in many forms and sizes, offer the ANALYSIS HARACTUISTICS DEVELOPMENT architect unlimited possibilities for handling programming information in the pre-project period. Other types of data banking docu­ l FUTURE COMMITTED ments found in architects' offices are: Build­ FUTUU LAND TRANSPORTATION ing Type Comparison Charts; Constraint ACTIVITY ~ •TRAVEL DEMANDS ~ FACILITIES Diagrams- Planning ; Variable Planning Factors Data; Vocabulary of Critical Dimen­ sions; Planning Standards Manuals. FORECA·STI NG 1 FUTURE Group C: Planning Techniques TRANSPORTATION DEFICIENCIES The techniques of planning reveal the pro­ grammer's competency for tackling the problem. Such planning involves the typical PHASE m 1 procedures of defining objectives, determin­ OBJECTIVES ing work involved, planning the sequence of PREPARATION Of A N D ALTERNATE PLANS 1- STANDARDS work and preparing the presentation. Group C techniques provide for a more orderly and PLAN OEVELO PMENT : systematic procedure for programming. 1' They consist of such documents as the fol­ •I lowing: A Planning Path ; Design Study EVALUATION ... AND Charts(4); Planning System Diagrams; An­ SELECTION 1-•••• alysis Phase Networks; Study Organization Charts. IMPLEMENT• AT ION Group 0 : Investigative Techniques PROGRAM

The essence of programming lies in the art PHASE Ill' of searching, investigating, and questioning. l Establish ing good channels of communica­ CONTINUI""G IMPLEMEN TAllON PROGRAM tion and vocabularies for mutual under­ standing by user and designer reveals the programmer's sensitivity to the client's Design Study Charts needs. Investigative techniques range from A typical example of these is the study program which is organized, designed and phased to inves­ standard forms, formats, and data gathering tigate and prepare the program. This chart shows the phasing of a transportation study program and follows the normal development of data collection , analysis, forecasting , plan development and methods to procedures, checklists, criteria Implementation. See opposite, Group C sheets, and such items as are useful on effective and objective investigations. 4

When investigations require novel solutions, it is necessary for the programmer to use new techniques such as tracking, space­ time logging, client education, trend esti­ mating, and so on. This aspect of program-

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 57 ming is solidly based on the art of question­ Lastly, he portrays the thoroughness and ing but it also depends, in great measure, completeness of the investigation. The tech­ upon the use of scientific techniques and niques of documentation and communica­ business-like methods. The list of investiga­ tion are especially important in presenting tive techniques goes on and on, but probably effectively the architectural program. includes items like the following : Specific Room Data Forms; Room Requirements Many of the above documents are fixed up Formats(2) ; Equipment and Services Charts; for use in presentations. Other graphic Standard Room Requirements Forms; Space documents such as the following are used to Criteria Sheets, Equipment and Case Work set the stage or better explain the program: Check Lists; Building History Investigations; Geographic Identification and Coding; Ori­ Programming Questionnaire Formats; Pro­ entation Graphics(1 ); Projected Occupancy gram Requirements Booklets; Architect's and Building Capacities; Graphic Represen­ Presentation of Questions; Space-Time tation of Traffic Volumes; Project Time Logs ; Tracking Studies(3) ; Links Related to Scheduling. Methods of Communication ; Ultimate Land Use Investigations; Population Trend Inves­ Su mmary tigations. The architect is beginning to realize that Group E: Analytical Techniques architecture is at the heart of programming You and that programming is the foundation for The assembly of raw investigative data re­ all architecture. In many instances the ar­ quires expert analysis. In fact, the more ex­ chitect who administers or observes con­ pert the investigation, the more diverse and struction has relieved himself of this part of can't complicated becomes the accumulation of the basic responsibility for building develop­ written and graphic data. In this respect, ment. Likewise, the architect who is not techniques of screening, abstracting, corre­ becoming proficient in the preparation of beat it! lating, comparing and analyzing become master specifications, st;(ndard drawings necessary to manage, manipulate and use and improved methods o.\documentation the investigative material. will soon find his responsibility for construc­ tion documentation lessening. The use of scientific analysis is not always a qualification of the good investigator, but it But the art and science of architectural pro­ is a required qualification of a good analyzer. gramming and design development will A good analyzer requires sensitivity to always rest squarely on the shoulders of the occupants and building functions because conceptual designer - the architect. D he is required to establish categories of function, degrees of importance, priorities of use or delicate value systems. The tech­ niques of charting, graphing, diagramming, Library Review visualization, linking, relating, analyzing and so on are necessary to organize data and Directory of Standards in Building bring the significant factors "out of the NRC 10192, 209pp., 1968, $5.00 woods". Publication of abstracts of standards pub­ lished in North America and a valuable sup­ The following techniques are found in use porting document to the National Building by many architectural firms: Departmental Code. Linkages; Room Relationship Matrix for Closeness and Reason ; Inter-Communica­ Wind Pressure Measurements on a Full tion and Personal Movement Charts; Man­ Scale High Rise Office Building agement Relationship Analyses; Functional Research Paper No. 379 Relationship Analyses; Plant Function Dia­ 34pp., October, 1968, 50 cents grams by Phases; Space Relationship Dia­ Wind pressure recordings taken at two gram ; Comprehensive Space Analyses; Ac­ levels on a 400ft high building in Montreal. tivity Relationship Analyses; Function Plant Provides information on relationship be­ Layout Analyses ; Operations Research tween turbulence and wind pressure fluctu­ Analyses ; Schematic Master Plan Layout; ations. Travel Charting and Analyses; Movement Analyses; Traffic Distribution Analyses ; The above are obtainable from Publications Minimum Path Analyses; Traffic Survey and Section, Division of Building Research, Analyses; Traffic Inter-Connection Analyses. National Research Council, Ottawa.

Group F: Pre sentation Techniques List of Equipment & Materials Vol. 1 General258pp., Vol. 2 Building Con­ Presentation techniques, per se, are the by­ struction 255pp., Underwriters' Laboratories product of the program analysis talent and of Canada, 7 Crouse Road, Scarborough, the conceptual designer's visual ability. The Ontario, no charge. architecturally-trained programmer makes Contains lists of approved equipment and orderly presentations using new techniques materials, including design ratings, for vari­ of printing, reproduction and graphics. He ous types of construction. accentuates the important elements of the program and shows the breadth, width and depth of the investigation without confusing the decision makers.

58 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 Schools I Ecoles

" Focus Now"-A Joint AIA-RAIC Convention The building was planned on a basic three level system, the center level of each provid­ This year the AlA and the RAIC are under­ ing an internal street. Privacy of units from taking an interesting, if somewhat experi­ each other and the streets was considered mental, endeavour, a joint convention slated essential, especially in the cas.e of exterior for Chicago from June 22nd to June 26th. space belonging to the units. Double expos­ This will be the first international architec­ use of all but the bachelor apartments was ture convention for these two organizations deemed desirable. and promises to be a vast and stimulating event. Over 6,000 people are expected, and Units were based on a 22' bay as a module, the scale of the project alone makes it and each unit occupies one level plus a part significant. of the level above or below. Combinations of the modules give the desired mix of apart­ It will contain many of the usual convention ment types. events - workshops, lectures, business meetings, exhibits, tours and so on. However, Due to its linear nature, the scheme facili­ it promises new things in several respects. tates construction, and work may be begun The theme " Focus Now" turns the conven­ at different points simultaneously. Basically tion toward immediate problems in the pro­ the structure consists of concrete shear fession and related areas. Grandiose futuris­ walls 22' o.c. with seven inch thick concrete tic aspirations are sidelined for a realistic Peter Dandyk Architecture Canada's student slabs spanning between. The use of con­ look at present-day problems and possible editor for Waterloo and co-ordinator for the crete floor slabs lowers the height of the convention's student delegation solutions. One significant area of discussion building considerably. Acoustical insula­ will occur in the workshop panel " Student­ tion is achieved by the combination of con­ other 17 as soon as I receive their names. Professional Dialogue". This workshop The American students have an organized crete floors and shear walls. It was felt that especially gives the student a real voice in contribution for the convention, something appropriate finishes to the structural mem­ the proceedings, as two students, the Cana­ bers would be sand-blasted or bush­ we should have too. They also have a very dian and American student representatives, hammered concrete. active student organization, something we will be included on the panel. hope to start when we meet in Chicago. Mr Eldred's entry (3, 4, 5, 6) was a commer­ Peter Dandyk Student participation starts on the first day cial bridge development over the North Sas­ of the convention and plays an important katchewan River in Edmonton, Alberta. The part throughout. On Sunday afternoon, June Canadian Students Win Portland Cement problem was set for the fourth year of the 2nd, there will be an open conference where Association Scholarships Faculty of Architecture, University of Mani­ architects and students meet the Chicago toba. press. Sunday night, at the Sheraton-Black­ Two fourth-year Canadian students, Paul stone hotel, the student mixer will give Zajfen of McGill and Brian Eldred of the " The broad, shallow valley of the North Canadian and American students an oppor­ University of Manitoba, were among six Saskatchewan River is both an asset and a tunity to meet and converse. The big student winners of " awards of exceptional merit" in liability to the city of Edmonton, which it social takes place Tuesday night at a recep­ the recent Portland Cement Association divides. The treed banks, preserved as park­ tion and dinner dance. Architectural Awards. The scholarships are land by legislation, are a welcome visual for summer study at the Fontainebleau relief from the great prairies. Homes and On Tuesday morning at 9:30AM, the " stu­ School of Fine Arts near Paris. The other apartments, as well as commercial estab­ dent speakout" will host a group of speak­ award winners were students at schools in lishments and the University of Alberta, vie ers, selected largely by the American stu­ the US. for the view. The city fathers are constantly dent organization, who will speak and then Mr Zajfen's entry (1, 2) was a housing de­ under pressure to release the bank land for answer questions. Most of the workshops, velopment in the City of Westmount, Que­ development. including the one already mentioned, will bec. The site, near downtown Montreal, was include a student on the panel. identified as one which would attract single " On the other hand, the broad valley - up to and newlywed professional people. The pro­ half a mile in width- is a headache to the The RAIC has raised a fund to send 18 stu­ gram was computerized to get all possible traffic engineer who hopes to cross it. The dents, two from each architectural school in variations of apartment types within the con­ bridges presently in existence create traffic Canada, to the Chicago convention. Need­ struction cost, and the selection was based bottlenecks, and yet, the much needed high less to say, the gesture is appreciated. The on feasible density and inhabitant type. The level bridges, at least of the usual variety, students should be named by the time this final choice was 49 bachelor units, 79 one­ are prohibitively expensive." article is in print and as coordinating student bedroom units, 20 three-bedroom units and representative, I shall be in touch with the 12 maison nettes. The project proposed is a solution to both

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 59 1, 2 Housing development for Westmoun t, win­ 3-6 Commercial bu ilding development over ning scheme in Portland Cement Award s by North Saskatchewan River, Edmonton, winning Paul Zajfen scheme in Portland Cement Awards by Exploitation d"habitations dans le qu artier de Brian Eldred Westmount ; pro jet de Paul Zajfen dans le Exploitation de batiment commercial au-dessus concours offer! par Portland Cement du Fleuve Saskatchewan nord a Edmonton ; projet de Brian Eldred dans Je concours offer! par Portland Cement

these problems, combining a high level bridge with commercial revenue-bearing elements. Contained within its structure is a two-level merchandise mart centralizing the display of manufacturers' goods for whole­ sale buyers, offices, supporting retail-com­ mercial facilities, parking and a rapid transit station. On the top surface is a ten-lane free­ way, answering Edmonton's traffic needs projected into the 1980's.

The tubular concrete structure is consistent with the latest developments in concrete research and stress analysis, and is techno­ logically and economically feasible at the present time.

The great compressive strength of concrete, and its monolithic nature, are exploited by the concept and use of post-tensioning. These are fundamental to the design of the · bridge, where the tubular load sharing structure is itself monolithic, and the load­ ing, especially the impact loading, of its fu nctions is accommodated by the post­ tensioning.

Nova Scotia Tech Revises Admission Requirements

Dr Peter Manning, Director of the School, has announced that as from now the main requirement for admission to the School of Architecture at the Nova Scotia Technical College will be " the satisfactory completion of at least two years at any university or equivalent institution recognized by the Faculty of the School of Architecture, the courses studied being in any subject. Some mathematical facility is required and candi­ dates should preferably have completed at least one course in mathematics at a univer­ sity level; alternatively they may be required to take an entrance examination in this sub­ ject." The former requirements of two years pre-engineering or certain prescribed uni­ versity courses no longer apply.

Besides a completed application form, a candidate for admission to the third year in architecture must submit to the Registrar an official transcript issued by his former uni­ versity giving in detail the courses com­ pleted with the standing or grade in each, and a letter of recommendation supporting the candidate's application from the head of his department.

60 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 When adaptable design is on your mind, put Russwin in your plans.

When door control calls for truly universal closers, cision performance. Modern styling. Tamper-proof. Russwin 's newest addition, the 2800-T Series is your The smooth-acting, long-lasting closers for schools, logical choice. Closer mechanism of the 2800-T hospitals, offices. Write for latest brochure. Russwin, mounts on door frame. Arm rides in track on face of Division of Emhart Corporation, New • door. Nothing projects. Even when hinged close to a Britain, Conn. In Canada- Russwin RUSSWII right angle wall, door can open full 90 degrees. Pre- Division of International Hardware. e Tremco has one t hing that sticks to the iob better than MONO.

The man who sells it. a sealant specialist whose only job is to make sure you get permanent, weather-tight joints. And his way of "making sure" is to help you every step of the way ... including on-the-job in­ struction. D Most often, the Tremco man will recommend MONO . Because MONO penetrates dust and moisture to get a solid grip on joint faces . .. and gives you a tight, permanent bond under less-than-ideal conditions. D But if MONO isn't the right sealant for your job, the Tremco man will tell you. And he'll help you select one of the 14 other Tremco sealants that will do the job. D So call your local Tremco man. With him sticking to your job, you can be sure the When you order MONO construction joint seal­ sealant will, too. D The T rem co Manufacturing ant, you get a lot more than a great product in Company (CAN ADA) Ltd. TREH/CO a tube. D You get a Tremco Representative . . . To ron to 17, Onta ri 0. The water stoppers

62 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 letters llettres • •

Architect Calls for Comments as a competitive drive for success, a fear of is misleading in one minor respect, which is failure, a pursuit of status - these beliefs are where the writer claims this technique to The Editors: promoted and reinforced by education, tele­ have been a new departure for this part of I came across the following Architectural vision , rad io, press, and magazines." Canada. As the partner in charge of comments some time ago. It would be of in­ " Any significant change in our communities architectural design for two nl)w buildings terest to have the profession's reactions with is dependent upon a change in our basic for Memorial University at that time, I regard to the validity of these comments. beliefs." distinctly remember showing Mr Affleck " Architecture and design is not important Philip Carter Johnson, MRA/C, London, Ont. (with whom we were associated on the Arts per se - it is only important in relation to & Culture Centre) our efforts incorporating human use and activity". Rain Screen Principle this " rain-screen" principle. Our buildings " The more positive the design character of were then approximately two-thirds built, interior space the less significant becomes The Editor: having been started in the fall of 1964, a fu ll the human activity." An article contributed by Raymond T. year before the start of the Arts Centre. " The pursuit of status by clients and archi­ Affleck entitled " Recent Canadian Experi­ tects is the major deterrent to good arch i­ ence in Wall Design " in the February issue We agree with the writer that this system has tecture." of Architecture Canada, and in particular proven to be the best to date in dealing with " Our communities accurately reflect our that section which dealt with the Arts & our weather conditions. deepest beliefs- these might be expressed Culture Centre in St John's, Newfoundland, Angus Campbell, MRAIC, StJohn's

CMHC COMPETITION

As a registered Canadian architect, you have two opportunities a year (closing dates: June 1st and December 1st) to participate in CMHC's continuing "Competitions for sing le-detached houses." And each entry is chosen on its own merit, because of the variety of submissions. Successful competitors will be awarded $1,000 to­ gether with a royalty fee of $3 for each working set of drawings sold. And you retain full copyright, with your name on al l publi shed forms of the design(s). For details please write to : The Professional Adviser - Housing Designs, Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Ottawa.

Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 63 1 The Regina Inn, Regina, Sask ., a modern , all -concrete building. 2 Exposed aggregate concrete panels for the Centennial Building, Edmonton.

3 Headquarters of The Manitoba Teachers Society, Winnipeg , winner of the Manitoba Association of Architects 1968 Award of Excellence. T ATTRACTIVE, FUNCTIONAL BUILDINGS IN CONCRETE

Are you looking fo r a versatile and economical building material? Concrete is the Precast concrete wall panels come in a wide choice of shapes and finishes, lendi answer, because concrete makes it easy to create distinctive architecture within an exciting effect and un iq ue elegance to modern buildings. Cast-in -pl ace concn realistic budgets. Concrete offers maximum strength, unequalled durability and. forms solid foundations, slender arches and provides gra ceful columns of exce 1 fire safety, economy in both initial cost and upkeep, and lasting beauty. It can be ionally high load-bearing capacity. For detailed information on precast, prestress molded into any shape to create exquisitely detailed and proportioned build ings or monolithic concrete or concrete masonry construction, and for free techni for offices, apartmen ts, hotels, hospitals, churches and educationa l facilities. assistance and lite rature, contac t any Canada Cement office.

CANADA CEMENT COMPANY, LIMITED - A Canadian-own 4 Brunswick House, Saint John , N.B., features precast concrete construction . 5 Precast concrete panels for the President Kennedy Office Building, Montreal.

6 Cast-in-place and precast concrete blend pl'easingly at the Mathematics and Computer Centre of the University of Waterloo . ------~~NA~OA[~

1. Archt.: W. G. Mi lne Ready·mixed conc rete: Alberta Conc rete Prod ucts Co. Ltd. 5. Archt. : Reuben Fisher Cons. Struct. Eng rs.: Abugov & Sunde rla nd Cons. Struct. Engr. : I rving S. Back ler Gen l. Con tr.: Sam Hashman & Co . ltd. 3. Archts.: Libling, Michener & Associates Genl. Con tr. : Magi I Construction ltd. Preca st conc rete members : Con-Fo rce Products ltd. Cons. Struct. Engr. · R. Lazar Precast conc rete pane ls: Francon Limited Ready- mixed conc rete: Redi-Mix Concrete Ltd . Genl. Cont r.: Kraft Construction Co. Ltd. Ready.mixed conc rete: Winnipeg Supply & Fue l Co . Ltd. 6. Archts.: Webb, Zerafa , Menkes and Matthews 2. Archts : Sinc la ir, Skakun, Na ito Cons . Stru ct. Engrs.: M.S. Vo iles Associate s ltd. Cons. St ru ct. Engrs.: Read , Jones, Ch ri stoffersen ltd. 4. Archts.: Elma r Tampold, J. Malcolm Wells Gen l. Cont r.: Hashman Construction (Edmonton) ltd. Genl. Con tr.: Fe rro·C hem i ·C rete Enginee ri ng ltd. Genl. Cont r.: Ellis· Don Limited Precas t and prestre ss ed conc rete members: Con-Fo rce Preca st conc rete units: St re scon ltd. Precast conc ret e members: Sand rin Precast l imited Products Ltd. Rea dy·mi xed concrete : Jos. A. Li ke ly Ltd. Ready·mixed concrete: Hogg Fue l and Supp ly Limited any supplying the nation with quality cements since 1909 The Baron knew what he was doing when we put down carpeting of DuPont Nylon.

Dressing things up. However, acoustic flooring made of Du Pont In a small boutique in Toronto's fashionable Nylon has more going for it than good looks. It Yorkville area, Baron Diepenbrock insisted his gives years of good wear. And when specified entire shop be designed with acoustic flooring in the right colour and construction can provide made of Du Pont Nylon . The reasons: it looks quietness, safety and th e most serviceable floor great and wears great. finish anywhere. Du Pont Carpet Nylon comes in a va ri ety of DuPont have prepared a comprehensive tech­ 49 styles and constructions. It offers more nical manual com paring today's fibres in the contract carpet varieties and colours than any contract market. other make or natural fibre. And when used in the right surroundings, Du Pont Carpet Nylon can add warmth and lu xury to your office or shop. Write for your personal copy Carpeting made of Du Pont Nylon has many of " Acoustic Flooring" to: effective application s. The Baron has taken Contract Division advantage of a few of them by fully fashioning Du Pont of Canada , Limited his shop. Using DuPont Nylon carpet around the P.O. Box 26, counter desk, the exterior door, as well as Toronto-Dominion Centre, acoustic flooring. Toronto 1, Ontario DuPont Carpet Nylon. ~ CANADA Shouldn't you be doing something with it? the name you can trust in fibres VB1198

66 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 Next time, use Dow Corning®780 Building Sealant. Don't waste time and money with costly call-backs temperatures ranging from 20° below zero to l20°F • . . . glaze with Dow Corning 780 Building Sealant Protect your profits ... End call-backs by using in the first place - and every place after, too. Dow Corning 780 Building Sealant for all your This silicone rubber sealant stays flexible indefi­ caulking and glazing applications .. . write for nitely ... doesn't weather check, crack or fall out data sheet and a free demonstration sample to: ... and no embarrassing leaks Dow Corning 780 Dow Corning Silicones, Dept. 12, 1 Tippet Road, Building Sealant flows as easily as toothpaste at Downsview, Ontario. '""''''fii!UMM DOW CORNING

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 67 This job captain took 11.9 seconds to find lighting

what's your best time?

To improve your time, look at the spines first. You 'll quickly find what you're looking for. And on More and more manufacturers are the way there you'll be reminded realizing that Sweet's is not of al l the other products you'll expensive. In fact, it's the most need later-today, tomorrow or effective, most economical way next week. With Sweet's, you to provide you with the product know the information is there information you need. Sweet's Catalogue Services when you want it: up-to-date and Manufacturers in the current McGraw-Hill Company of Canada Limited accurate. You don't have to wait Sweet's file already know it works 330 Progress Ave .. Scarborough, Ont., TELEPHONE: for the solution to catch up both ways ... you save time and Toronto 293-1931 Area Code 416 with the problem. money and so do they Montreal 842-9573 Area Code 514

394 c

68 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 Classified I Annonces Classees

Advertisements lor positions Change of Address wanted or vacant, appoint­ Artist ments, changes of address, Paul Arthur & Associates Limited, registration notices, notices of Graphic Design Consultants, have Experienced in Architectural Renderings. practices including establish­ moved from 129 Adelaide W, Will make illustrations of Architectural Projects in Co:our ment or changes in partner­ Toronto, to suite 28, 49 Wellington or Black and White from plans. ship, etc., are published as E, Toronto 215, telephone 362-4243. Stanley Wyatt, Artist, notices free to the membership. Practice Note Studio, 100 Gloucester St. Toronto 5, Phone 923-6510 Registrations Effective April1 , 1969, Warren M. Ontario Association of Architects, Smale, FRAIC, and Leonard W. presently in single practice. Eight 10260/3, Motia Khan, Loha Mandi, March 28, 1969: Philip H. Beinhaker, Dickson, MRAIC, have opened a years varied roles and experience New Delhi- 55 B.Arch ; Garth L. Bent, B.Arch; Tore new practice under the name of with design awards. Would consider Bjornstad, B.Arch ; Cecil F. Davies, Smale/ Dickson Architects, 84 Col­ any offer with challenge and oppor­ 27-year old Venezuelan architect, Bruce L. Fiar, B.Arch; Etienne J. borne Street N., Simcoe, Ont. and tunity. Reply Box 160 Architecture single, with one year experience, Gaboury, B. Arch ; Denis L. Lussier, 35 Springbank Ave ., Woodstock, Canada. seeks position as assistant archi­ B.Arch, ian W. Nicoll; J. N. Shukla, Ont. tect in Canada to gain experience. B.Arch; Frank J. Sigurdson, M.Arch ; Indian architect, diploma, Bombay Has worked with Ministry of Health John Steel, FRIBA; Oscar G. Vagi ; Positions Wanted 1965, five years experience as archi­ in Venezuela, presently working In and Andrew Zdanowicz, B.Arch. tectural assistant, two years private Puerto Rico. Reply Alfredo Camejo, Canadian architect seeks oppor­ practice, seeks position with Cana­ Placid Court 66, Condado, Puerto tunity with established or contem­ dian firm. Reply Ajit Singh, XV Rico 00907. plated practice. Age 36 and

CO-ORDINATOR FOR ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMME

The expansion of our co-operative programme into the area of architectural an9 environmental studies has necessitated the addition of a representative to be located in southern Ontario. The successful applicant will possess a university degree in architecture plus several years' practical experience. This is a challenging NEW position for a younger individual. His duties include counselling students on their profes­ ECONOMY sional development. He will also aid those who will emp'oy co-operative students to effectively utilize stu­ New OASIS COMPACT WATER On-A- Wall Water Cooler provides dent employees and will function as liaison between the economy in both space and faculty and practicing professionals. budget . .. plus the quality you COOLER take for granted with OASIS The man who enjoys continuous contact with people will products. Only 16" high, 17" wide, find this a satisfying position. Please indicate salary 133/,6' deep, yet it's a completely self-contained cooling system. desired. Capacity of 3- and 5-gph. Polished A generous employee benefit programme is in effect stainless steel top; choice of decorator cabinet finishes. and a University automobile will be provided.

P:ease write or call the Send for FREE ------' water cooler Model Selector Guide. PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO ,. WATER Products of EBCO'II' Mfg. Co . WATERLOO, ONTARIO OASIS COOLERS Di stributed exclusively in Canada by G. H. WOOD & COMPANY, LTD . • P. 0. Box 34 • Dept. JR-29 · Toronto 18, Canada (519) 744-6111 Extension 2522

Architecture Canada 5/ 69 69 Index to Advertisers ..

To absorb sound, diffuse light, circulate air, create decorative Allied Arts Catalogue (IFC, Quebec &Atlantic Provinces, Ontario, and Prairie Provinces effects ... only) Canada Cement Company Limited (p 64-65) Canadian Johns-Manville Co. Ltd. (p 54) Carey, Philip Limited (p 58) Central Mortgage and Housing Corp. (p 63) Cominco Limited (p 12-13) Crane Canada Ltd. (p 28) Domtar Construction Materials Ltd. (p 14) Donald Rope & Wire Cloth Limited (p 70) Dow Corning Silicones Ltd. (p 67) DuPont of Canada Limited (p 66) ------Ebco Manufacturing Company (p 68) Fiberglas Canada Limited (p 15-27) Master Builders Company Limited (IBC) Ocean Cement (IFC, British Columbia only) Otis Elevator Company Limited (p 53) Russwin Lock Division, Belleville, Ont. (p61 ) Sargent & Company ((OBC) Sweet's Catalogues Services (p 68) Torginol (Canada) Limited (p 32) Tremco Manufacturing Company (p 62) Waterloo, University of (p 68)

.. . for any of these tasks, perforated sheet metal is versatile, efficient, economical and ornamental. The materials normally used comprise all ferrous metals from mild steels to specialty alloys; al l non-ferrous metals; and also fibres and synthetics. A choice of pleasing appearances is available from the wide range of patterns offered, while the use of a per· forated material results in substantial weight reductions. Tell us your needs. Complete information, with engineer­ ing consultation if desired, available on request.

0.69/ 2

PERFORATED METALS DONALD ROPES & WIRE CLOTH LIM ITED · Hamilton, Canada Offices and Warehouses: Quebec, Montreal, Toronto, Fort Wolllam, Wonnopeg, Regona , Edmonton. Vancouver.

70 Architecture Canada 5/ 69 PozzoLITH helps produce air-tight concrete at Ontario Hydro's Pickering nuclear power plant.

When complete, the total electric output of Ontario Hydro's Pickering Nuclear Generating Station will be g reater tha n the Canadian generating capacity at Niagara Falls. The concreting o perations are unusua ll y critical because of the need to prevent radioacti ve leakage. PozzouTH ad mi xture contributes in many ways. For example: The requirement for a ir-tightness is so great that even hai rline cracks cann ot be tolerated in the 4-foot thick concrete walls of the reactor buildings. PozzoLITH helps elim inate shrinkage cracking. The heavy concrete weighs 230 lbs. per cu. ft. yet it mu t be workable enough to provi de tight seals around the pipes that go through the reacto r va ult. PozzOLITH hel ps improve workability and placeability of the concrete. When it comes to predictable results, the consistent performance of concrete with PozzOLITH is not just a matter of la bora tory test record . lt is a fact proven under vari able, day-to-day job conditions in virtua ll y every type of a pplication where concrete is used.

Like to know more a bo ut Pozzoun-r admixture for JVorkmen are d~ ·arfed hy 4' concrne walls of nuclear rear tor shifld. concrete? Ask a Master Builders field man. General * offices and factory: Toronto 337, Ontario. Branches: Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Saskatoon, Winnipeg, POZZOLITH London, Ottawa, Montreal and Moncton. A Product o f Designers: Ontario Hydro and Atomic E nergy of Canada Ltd. General Contractor: Ontario Hydro. MASTER BUILDERS R eady-Mix Producer: Community Building Supplies Ltd. ..c.ototP *POZZOLITH, u registered trade mark of The Muster Bui/ders .Compa11y, Ltd. Sargent maximum Security System guards bas Angeles County medical Center

Los Angeles County's $23 million Olive View A total of seven levels of master-keying are Hospital, with its new 800-bed medical treat­ in use at Olive View, four more than are avail­ ment and care complex, is destined to become able in conventional systems. Since th e pin the focal point for one of the nation's largest split method of master keying is not used, the health centers. The Sargent Maximum Secur­ security of these lock cylinders remains un­ ity System is used throughout the new facility impaired, even at the top, or Absolute master - approximately 2,900 doors in all. In addi­ key level, where well over 24 thousand safe tion, the new lock system secures almost 300 unduplicated key changes are available. interior, exterior doors and detention screens in the adjoining mental health center. In the case of the Olive View complex, an addition­ The Sargent Maximum Security System prevents al feature is offered in the wide keyway of the new unauthorized key duplication: the unique six-sided lock cylinder and the reversible key in itself. It cuts reversible keys with precision indentations can't be down by vital seconds the unlocking of doors, espe­ duplicated on "corner-store" key cutting machines. cially under low light level conditions. In a medical center seconds can add up to a human life. The Sargent lock cylinders are also singularly pick­ resistant. Unlike conventional cylinders, which have For full information on the Sargent Maximum Se­ a single row of five or six pins, the new cylinder has curity System , write to Sargent & Company, 100 Sar­ 12 key pins, located on three different angles, making gent Drive, New Haven, Conn. 06509. Ontario,Canada. the cylinder virtually impervious to picking or " raking '.' Member Producers' Council. [[]SARGENT. A complete line of advanced architectural hardware