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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR or sport fishing, upon a determination fishing; descriptions of areas open to that the use is compatible with the hunting or sport fishing; and other Fish and Wildlife Service purposes of the refuge and National provisions as appropriate. Wildlife Refuge System mission. The In the case of this rule, we are issuing 50 CFR Parts 32, 36, and 71 action also must be in accordance with one regulation for an Alaska refuge. In 2015, the Arctic National Wildlife [Docket No. FWS–HQ–NWRS–2020–0013; provisions of all laws applicable to the FXRS12610900000–201–FF09R20000] areas, developed in coordination with Refuge finalized their comprehensive the appropriate State fish and wildlife conservation plan (CCP), which RIN 1018–BE50 agency(ies), consistent with the included a prohibition on domestic principles of sound fish and wildlife sheep, goat, and camelid use on the 2020–2021 Station-Specific Hunting management and administration, and refuge based on the risk of disease and Sport Fishing Regulations otherwise in the public interest. These transmission to Dall’s sheep. Any AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, requirements ensure that we maintain closures or restrictions of recreational Interior. the biological integrity, diversity, and uses on Alaska refuges must go through ACTION: Final rule. environmental health of the Refuge extensive public outreach and comment, System for the benefit of present and including publication in the Federal SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and future generations of Americans. Register. We annually review hunting and Wildlife Service (Service), are opening, Statutory Authority for the first time, eight National Wildlife sport fishing programs to determine Refuges (NWRs) that were previously whether to include additional stations The National Wildlife Refuge System closed to hunting and sport fishing. In or whether individual station Administration Act of 1966 addition, we are opening or expanding regulations governing existing programs (Administration Act; 16 U.S.C. 668dd– hunting and sport fishing at 89 other need modifications. Changing 668ee, as amended by the National NWRs and adding pertinent station- environmental conditions, State and Wildlife Refuge System Improvement specific regulations for other NWRs that Federal regulations, and other factors Act of 1997 [Improvement Act]) governs pertain to migratory game bird hunting, affecting fish and wildlife populations the administration and public use of upland game hunting, big game hunting, and habitat may warrant modifications refuges. The Refuge Recreation Act of and sport fishing for the 2020–2021 to station-specific regulations to ensure 1962 (16 U.S.C. 460k–460k–4) season. We are also opening hunting or the continued compatibility of hunting (Recreation Act) governs the sport fishing on nine units of the and sport fishing programs and to administration and public use of refuges National Fish Hatchery System (NFHs). ensure that these programs will not and hatcheries. The Alaska National We are also adding pertinent station- materially interfere with or detract from Interest Lands Conservation Act specific regulations that pertain to the fulfillment of station purposes or the (ANILCA, 16 U.S.C. 3101, et seq.) migratory game bird hunting, upland Service’s mission. governs the administration of public game hunting, big game hunting, and Provisions governing hunting and lands, including refuges, in Alaska. Amendments enacted by the sport fishing at these nine NFHs for the sport fishing on refuges are in title 50 of Improvement Act were built upon the 2020–2021 season. Further, we are the Code of Federal Regulations in part Administration Act in a manner that opening 41 limited-interest easement 32 (50 CFR part 32), and on hatcheries in part 71 (50 CFR part 71). We regulate provides an ‘‘organic act’’ for the Refuge NWRs in North Dakota for upland and System, similar to organic acts that exist big game hunting and sport fishing in hunting and sport fishing to: • for other public Federal lands. The accordance with State regulations. Ensure compatibility with refuge and hatchery purpose(s); Improvement Act serves to ensure that Access to these NWRs is controlled by • we effectively manage the Refuge the current landowners, and, therefore, Properly manage fish and wildlife resource(s); System as a national network of lands, they are not open to the public unless • waters, and interests for the protection authorized by the landowner. We are Protect other values; • Ensure visitor safety; and and conservation of our Nation’s also making regulatory changes to • Provide opportunities for fish- and wildlife resources. The Administration existing station-specific regulations in wildlife-dependent recreation. Act states first and foremost that we order to reduce the regulatory burden on On many stations where we decide to focus our Refuge System mission on the public, increase access for hunters allow hunting and sport fishing, our conservation of fish, wildlife, and plant and anglers on Service lands and general policy of adopting regulations resources and their habitats. The waters, and comply with a Presidential that are identical to State hunting and Improvement Act requires the Secretary, mandate for plain language standards. sport fishing regulations is adequate in before allowing a new use of a refuge or Lastly, we are prohibiting domestic meeting these objectives. On other before expanding, renewing, or sheep, goat, and camelid pack animals stations, we must supplement State extending an existing use of a refuge, to on the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. regulations with more-restrictive determine that the use is compatible DATES: This rule is effective August 31, Federal regulations to ensure that we with the purpose for which the refuge 2020. meet our management responsibilities, was established and the mission of the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: as outlined under Statutory Authority, Refuge System. The Improvement Act Katherine Harrigan, (703) 358–2440. below. We issue station-specific hunting established as the policy of the United SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: and sport fishing regulations when we States that wildlife-dependent open wildlife refuges and fish recreation, when compatible, is a Background hatcheries to migratory game bird legitimate and appropriate public use of The National Wildlife Refuge System hunting, upland game hunting, big game the Refuge System, through which the Administration Act of 1966 closes hunting, or sport fishing. These American public can develop an NWRs in all States except Alaska to all regulations may list the wildlife species appreciation for fish and wildlife. The uses until opened. The Secretary of the that you may hunt or fish; seasons, bag Improvement Act established six Interior (Secretary) may open refuge or creel (container for carrying fish) wildlife-dependent recreational uses as areas to any use, including hunting and/ limits; methods of hunting or sport the priority general public uses of the

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Refuge System. These uses are hunting, Summary of Comments and Responses seasons, which would have effectively fishing, wildlife observation and On April 9, 2020, we published in the delayed the applicability of this rule. photography, and environmental Federal Register (85 FR 20030) a Comment (2): We received a education and interpretation. proposed rule to open hunting or sport substantial number of comments The Recreation Act authorizes the fishing at 9 NFHs, open 41 limited- expressing general support for the proposed changes in the rule. Of the Secretary to administer areas within the interest easement NWRs in North Refuge System and Hatchery System for 3,177 comments on the rule, 920 were Dakota, open 8 NWRs that are currently public recreation as an appropriate in general support of the proposed closed to hunting and sport fishing, incidental or secondary use only to the changes. These comments of general expand hunting and sport fishing at 89 extent that doing so is practicable and support either expressed appreciation other NWRs, and add pertinent station- not inconsistent with the primary for the increased hunting and fishing specific regulations for other NWRs that purpose(s) for which Congress and the access in the rule overall, expressed pertain to migratory game bird hunting, Service established the areas. The appreciation for increased access at upland game hunting, big game hunting, Recreation Act requires that any particular refuges, or both. In addition and sport fishing for the 2020–2021 recreational use of refuge or hatchery to this general support, some season. We accepted public comments lands be compatible with the primary commenters requested additional purpose(s) for which we established the on the proposed rule for 60 days, ending hunting and fishing opportunities at refuge and not inconsistent with other June 8, 2020. By that date, we received specific stations or generally in several previously authorized operations. 3,177 comments on the proposed rule. States. The Administration Act and Among these comments were 21 that Our Response: Hunting and fishing on Recreation Act also authorize the were either intended for a different U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service lands is Secretary to issue regulations to carry Department of the Interior rulemaking a tradition that dates back to the early out the purposes of the Acts and or otherwise irrelevant to this rule. We 1900s. In passing the Improvement Act, regulate uses. discuss the remaining 3,156 comments Congress reaffirmed that the Refuge We develop specific management we received below by topic. As we System was created to conserve fish, plans for each refuge prior to opening it received 53 comments specific to the wildlife, plants, and their habitats, and to hunting or sport fishing. In many Arctic NWR regulation prohibiting would facilitate opportunities for cases, we develop station-specific domestic sheep, goats, and camelids on Americans to participate in compatible regulations to ensure the compatibility the refuge, those comments will be wildlife-dependent recreation, of the programs with the purpose(s) for discussed by topic after all other including hunting and fishing on Refuge which we established the refuge or comments. Beyond our responses System lands. We prioritize wildlife- hatchery and the Refuge and Hatchery below, additional station-specific dependent recreation, including hunting System mission. We ensure initial information on how we responded to and fishing, when doing so is compliance with the Administration Act comments on particular hunting or compatible with the purpose of the and the Recreation Act for hunting and fishing opportunities at a given refuge or refuge and the mission of the NWRS. sport fishing on newly acquired land hatchery can be found in that station’s Hunting or fishing on hatcheries, unlike through an interim determination of final hunting and/or fishing package, Refuge System lands, is authorized, compatibility made at or near the time each of which can be located online ‘‘when such activity is not detrimental of acquisition. These regulations ensure here: https://www.fws.gov/refuges/ to the propagation and distribution of that we make the determinations hunting/rules-regulations-and- fish or other aquatic wildlife’’ (50 CFR required by these acts prior to adding improved-access/. 71.1). refuges to the lists of areas open to Comment (1): A few comments were We will continue to open and expand hunting and sport fishing in 50 CFR wholly or in part a request that we hunting and sport fishing opportunities parts 32 and 71. We ensure continued extend the 60-day public comment across refuges and hatcheries; however, compliance by the development of period for the proposed rule; a couple as detailed further in our response to CCPs, step-down management plans, of these comments specifically mention Comment (3), below, opening or and by annual review of hunting and the current viral pandemic as a reason expanding hunting or fishing sport fishing programs and regulations. for the requested extension. opportunities on Service lands is not a For refuges in Alaska, we regulate the Our Response: We declined to extend quick or simple process. The annual uses of refuge lands in compliance with the comment period for our April 9, regulatory cycle begins in June or July ANILCA. Section 1110(a) of ANILCA 2020, proposed rule (85 FR 20030). The of each year for the following hunting defines our authority to regulate the use standard public comment period for the and sport fishing season (the planning of nonmotorized surface transportation annual rule proposing amendments to cycle for this 2020–2021 final rule began in Alaska. Under that section of the regulations governing hunting and in June 2019). This annual timeline ANILCA, we may close an area on a sport fishing on NWRs and NFHs is 30 allows us time to collaborate closely temporary or permanent basis to these days. The Service provided a 60-day with our State, tribal, and territorial nonmotorized transportation uses when comment period, which allowed for the partners, as well as other partners we find that such use would be submission of more than 3,000 public including nongovernmental detrimental to the resource values of the comments, for the 2020–2021 proposed organizations, on potential area. This section of ANILCA also rule. We recognize the impact of opportunities. It also provides us with provides that if an NWR in Alaska needs COVID–19, but believe that 60 days was time to complete environmental to close or restrict a public use or mode an adequate amount of time for all analyses and other requirements for of access in order to protect resources of interested parties to provide their opening or expanding new the refuge, we must do extensive public comments to us. Moreover, extending opportunities. Therefore, it would be outreach and provide opportunities for the comment period could have impracticable for the Service to public comment as described by section disrupted coordination with State complete multiple regulatory cycles in 1110(a) of ANILCA and the associated agencies or prevented the publication of one calendar year due to the logistics of implementing regulations (i.e., 43 CFR a final rule in time for the start dates of coordinating with various partners. 36.11 and 50 CFR 36.42). relevant hunting and sport-fishing Once we determine that a hunting or

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sport fishing opportunity can be carried compromise the purpose of the station Our Response: We address the public out in a manner compatible with or the mission of the agency. safety and compatibility with individual station purposes and Hunting of resident wildlife on NWRs nonconsumptive uses concerns of all objectives, we work expeditiously to generally occurs consistent with State commenters as a common topic of open it. regulations, including seasons and bag interest below, in our responses to We did not make any changes to the limits. Refuge-specific hunting Comments (19) and (20), respectively. rule as a result of these comments. regulations can be more restrictive (but As for the tribes’ concern about impacts Comment (3): Many commenters not more liberal) than State regulations on culturally valuable areas, we expressed general opposition to any and often are more restrictive in order understand the concern and note that hunting or fishing in the Refuge System. to help meet specific refuge objectives. protection of cultural resources, Of the 3,177 comments on the rule, These objectives include resident including religious, sacred, and 1,939 were in general opposition to the wildlife population and habitat ceremonial sites, archaeological sites, proposed changes. In many cases, objectives, minimizing disturbance and traditional use areas, is a priority commenters stated that hunting was impacts to wildlife, maintaining high- for Minidoka NWR. Moreover, antithetical to the purposes of a quality opportunities for hunting and protection of these resources is ‘‘refuge,’’ which, in their opinion, other wildlife-dependent recreation, mandated under Federal law and policy, should serve as an inviolate sanctuary eliminating or minimizing conflicts including, for example, NEPA, the for all wildlife. Some of these with other public uses and/or refuge National Historic Preservation Act (54 commenters generically opposed management activities, and protecting U.S.C. 300101 et seq.), and the expanded or new hunting or fishing public safety. Archaeological Resources Protection Act opportunities at specific stations. The word ‘‘refuge’’ includes the idea (16 U.S.C. 470aa et seq.). Staff monitors Our Response: The Service prioritizes of providing a haven of safety for cultural resources and will note any facilitating wildlife-dependent wildlife, and as such, hunting might unusual activity or disturbance. Our recreational opportunities, including seem an inconsistent use of the Refuge cultural resource staff will visit the hunting and fishing, on Service land in System. However, again, the resources and note any changes in compliance with applicable Service law Administration Act stipulates that condition, taking appropriate action. and policy. For refuges, the hunting, if found compatible, is a The cultural resources staff will also be Administration Act, as amended, legitimate and priority general public notified of discovery of previously stipulates that hunting (along with use of a refuge. Furthermore, we manage unknown resources and will ensure fishing, wildlife observation and refuges to support healthy wildlife compliance with all applicable photography, and environmental populations that in many cases produce regulations and procedures. education and interpretation), if found harvestable surpluses that are a As a result of the tribes’ request with to be compatible, is a legitimate and renewable resource. As practiced on respect to the 1868 Fort Bridger Treaty, priority general public use of a refuge refuges, hunting and fishing do not pose while we note that the treaty and our and should be facilitated (16 U.S.C. a threat to wildlife populations. It is obligations under it are discussed in the 668dd(a)(3)(D)). Thus, we only allow important to note that taking certain relevant environmental analysis hunting of resident wildlife on NWRs if individuals through hunting does not documents and the elk hunt plan for the such activity has been determined necessarily reduce a population overall, Minidoka NWR, we will amend these compatible with the established as hunting can simply replace other documents to acknowledge the treaty in purpose(s) of the refuge and the mission types of mortality. In some cases, the background section and in of the Refuge System as required by the however, we use hunting as a additional key locations throughout the Administration Act. For hatcheries, we management tool with the explicit goal documents. allow hunting and fishing when such of reducing a population; this is often Comment (5): We received a comment activity is determined not to be the case with exotic and/or invasive from the Tohono O’odham Nation detrimental to the propagation and species that threaten ecosystem concerning coyote hunting, ‘‘trophy distribution of fish or other aquatic stability. Therefore, facilitating hunting hunting,’’ impacts on wilderness areas, wildlife (50 CFR 71.1). For all 147 opportunities is an important aspect of impacts on the endangered Sonoran stations opening and/or expanding the Service’s roles and responsibilities pronghorn antelope, and impacts on hunting and/or fishing in this rule, we as outlined in the legislation cultural resource areas at Cabeza Prieta determined that the proposed actions establishing the Refuge System, and the NWR. were compatible or would not have Service will continue to facilitate these Our Response: We respond generally detrimental impacts. opportunities where compatible with to all commenters who raised predator Each station manager makes a the purpose of the specific refuge and hunting (including coyote), ‘‘trophy decision regarding hunting and fishing the mission of the Refuge System. hunting,’’ and impact on wilderness opportunities only after rigorous We did not make any changes to the concerns at any particular refuge or examination of the available rule as a result of these comments. across the Refuge System, in our information, consultation and Comment (4): We received a comment responses to Comments (15), (16), and coordination with States and tribes, and from the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes (17), respectively. As to the effect on compliance with the National expressing concern about public safety, Sonoran pronghorn (Antilocapra Environmental Policy Act (NEPA; 42 compatibility with nonconsumptive americana sonoriensis) from hunting U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and section 7 of the uses, and the cultural value of certain activities at Cabeza Prieta NWR, we Endangered Species Act of 1973, as areas to the tribes at Minidoka NWR. fully assessed all hunts in this rule as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), as The tribes also requested that we list the part of our environmental analysis well as other applicable laws and 1868 Fort Bridger Treaty between the processes for the refuge and did not regulations. The many steps taken Shoshone-Bannock Tribes and the proceed with any hunts that could be before a station opens or expands a Federal Government in the background expected to have an adverse affect on hunting or fishing opportunity on the section of our refuge and NEPA the pronghorn or any other endangered refuge ensure that the Service does not planning documents for Minidoka NWR or threatened species. Furthermore, we allow any opportunity that would as a source of applicable law. have provided mitigation measures to

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ensure that the impacts to pronghorn, in Game and Fish Department; Nevada hunting with State regulations. In particular, are minimized. There is a Department of Conservation and Natural response to the concerns of the South 0.25-mile (0.4-kilometer) no-shoot/ Resources; Kansas Department of Dakota Department of Game, Fish and hunting buffer zone around the Sonoran Wildlife, Parks & Tourism; and Illinois Parks, we revised the rule to allow the pronghorn captive breeding pen. These Department of Natural Resources. We use of electric trolling motors on Pool no-shoot/hunting zones will protect the received comments from the Alaska #10 and broader hunter access. In endangered Sonoran pronghorn and Department of Fish & Game and from response to the concerns of the personnel at the breeding facility. The the Association of Fish & Wildlife Massachusetts Division of Fisheries & zone will also minimize the negative Agencies (AFWA) that were also Wildlife, we are committed to working effects of hunting-related human generally supportive of the rule but with the State in future rulemakings as activity on captive Sonoran pronghorn. objected to the rule’s approach to the we consider hunting opportunities on Also, mule deer hunters will be State of Alaska, in particular the stations within the State while also provided with educational materials to inclusion of a prohibition on certain balancing this with due consideration of prevent accidental take of Sonoran pack animals at Arctic NWR. The other recreational uses and biological pronghorn. Northeast Association of Fish & Wildlife and environmental factors. In response In recognition of the cultural concerns Agencies expressed concerns about to the concerns of the Idaho Department expressed by the Tohono O’odham consistency and alignment with State of Fish and Game, we will consider Nation, in this final rule, we have regulations with respect to our their recommendations and plan to reduced the proposed hunting areas by regulations on the use of hunting dogs, consult with them in shaping our 30,000 acres and rescinded proposed in addition to expressing support for proposed rule for 2021–2022. We also hunting of three specific species of other parts of the rule. The remaining welcome their cooperation and cultural importance to the nation on State agencies expressed support for assistance in completing a CCP for Cabeza Prieta NWR. We will consult much of the rule as well, but raised one Minidoka NWR. In response to the with the Tohono O’odham on how these or more concerns or requests for concerns of the Arizona Department of acres and species may be considered for consideration on the proposed rule: The Fish and Game, we specifically use the opening to hunting in the future, Georgia Department of Natural term ‘‘archery,’’ as requested, in our without adverse effects to cultural Resources requested further alignment regulations for Cibola NWR, and we resources on the refuge. of our regulations with State respond to their, and another Comment (6): The Hopi Tribe regulations. The South Dakota commenter’s, concerns about falconry at submitted a comment requesting an Department of Game, Fish and Parks Comment (23). We will continue to extension of the public comment period submitted two comments;one regularly consult and communicate with for our April 9, 2020, proposed rule (85 expressing general support and the the State as requested in the comment. FR 20030), citing the COVID–19 other requesting additional In response to the concerns of the pandemic as a reason for an extension. consideration for proposed hunts at Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Our Response: At Comment (1) above, LaCreek NWR. The Massachusetts Commission, we will consider refuge we responded generally to the requests Division of Fisheries & Wildlife raised use of off-road vehicles by hunters and of those who submitted comments concerns about limitations on certain anglers and how to balance impacts requesting an extension of the proposed hunts at stations within the State. The against other uses at Everglades rule’s comment period, including those Idaho Department of Fish and Game Headwaters NWR. who specifically based their requests on expressed concerns about the Minidoka Comment (8): Several commenters the circumstances of the current viral and Camas NWRs, indicating they are stated that we are improperly deferring pandemic. Our response reflects what ‘‘ready to assist’’ with the CCP process to State wildlife management authority we stated in letters to organizations that for Minidoka NWR. The Arizona with the proposed hunting and fishing requested an extension of the comment Department of Fish and Game advocated regulation changes. period by letter separately from the for further alignment with Arizona’s Our Response: The Service works public comment process. hunting regulations, including on closely with our State partners in Comment (7): We received comments falconry as a method of take. The managing hunting and fishing programs from 20 State agencies, one regional Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation on Service lands. We generally allow association of fish and wildlife agencies, Commission expressed concerns about hunting or fishing of wildlife on refuges and one national association of fish and the impacts of off-road vehicle use on and hatcheries consistent with State wildlife agencies either through the Everglades Headwaters NWR. regulations, including seasons and bag public comment on our April 9, 2020, Our Response: The Service limits. Refuge-specific hunting and proposed rule (85 FR 20030), the NEPA appreciates the support of, and is fishing regulations can be more public comment process at one or more committed to working with, our State restrictive (but not more liberal) than stations, or both. Among these partners to identify additional State regulations and often are more comments, we received generally opportunities for expansion of hunting restrictive in order to help meet specific supportive comments with expressions and sport fishing on Service lands and refuge objectives. Our authority to do so of interest in continued collaboration waters. Our response to the concerns of stems from the Administration Act, as from the Texas Parks and Wildlife the State of Alaska and AFWA are fully amended, which states that when the Department; North Carolina Wildlife addressed in this comment summary Secretary determines that a proposed Resources Commission; Oklahoma and response under Alaska, below. Our wildlife-dependent recreational use is a Department of Wildlife Conservation; response to the concerns of the compatible use within a refuge, that West Virginia Division of Natural Northeast Association of Fish and activity should be facilitated, subject to Resources; Washington Department of Wildlife Agencies is detailed at such restrictions or regulations as may Fish and Wildlife; Oregon Department Comment (24). be necessary, reasonable, and of Fish and Wildlife; Nebraska Game In response to the request by the appropriate (16 U.S.C. 668dd(a)(3)(D)). and Parks Commission; Pennsylvania Georgia Department of Natural The Administration Act further Fish and Boat Commission; Missouri Resources, we made a change to the rule provides that regulations permitting Department of Conservation; Wyoming that fully aligns hours for alligator hunting or fishing of fish and resident

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wildlife within the Refuge System shall document, but also in the 2020–2021 indirect, and cumulative impacts of the be, to the extent practicable, consistent cumulative impacts report. April 9, 2020, proposed rule on with State fish and wildlife laws, We did not make any changes to the migratory birds, particularly as related regulations, and management plans (16 rule as a direct result of these to the requirements of the Migratory U.S.C. 668dd(m)). For hatcheries, comments, but changes that we made Bird Treaty Act (MBTA; 16 U.S.C. 703– hunting or fishing programs must be for other reasons may reduce the 712), the Service’s February 3, 2020, mutually agreed upon and managed potential for even minimal biological proposed rule defining the scope of the with the States (50 CFR 70.1). and environmental impacts. MBTA (85 FR 5915), and that proposed We did not make any changes to the Comment (10): We received several rule’s associated draft environmental rule as a result of these comments. comments expressing concern that impact statement (EIS). A few of these Comment (9): We received several specific stations amended either their commenters were particularly comments that alleged the proposed compatibility determinations (CDs) or concerned about those refuges whose rule is, or certain parts of the proposed CCPs without sufficient explanation in purposes include ‘‘inviolate sanctuaries rule are, a violation of the Service’s order to open or expand hunting or for migratory birds’’ or that have been mandate to ensure that the biological fishing opportunities on a refuge. designated as Important Bird Areas Our Response: Based on these integrity, diversity, and environmental (IBAs) by the Audubon Society. comments, we have reviewed our CDs health of the Refuge System are Our Response: All of the migratory and CCPs in connection with all maintained for the benefit of present bird hunting opportunities in the opening and expansions in this rule, and future generations of Americans (16 Service are done within the frameworks and, as a result, for each opening or U.S.C 668dd(a)(4)(B)). set by the Service in compliance with expansion we have either modified the the MBTA. These frameworks set season Our Response: We do not allow relevant regulations or determined that lengths, bag limits, and areas for hunting on a refuge if it is found no changes were necessary. Both the migratory game bird hunting and ensure incompatible with that individual Administration Act (16 U.S.C. 668dd(e)) that hunting will not have adverse refuge’s purposes or with the mission of and ANILCA anticipate that revisions impacts on the populations of the the Refuge System. Part of the mission may need to be made to CCPs from various species of migratory birds of the Refuge System is to ensure that ‘‘time to time’’ based on new through rigorous biological monitoring, the biological integrity, diversity, and information. Service policy allows information collection, and data review. environmental health of the Refuge minor revisions to CCP objectives and To determine the appropriate System are maintained for the benefit of strategies as long as they do not frameworks for each species, the Service present and future generations of significantly change the management considers factors such as population Americans (16 U.S.C. 668dd(a)(4)(B)). direction of the refuge (603 FW 2). A size and trend, geographical Therefore, each Service station manager refuge manager always may reevaluate distribution, annual breeding effort, the uses his or her ‘‘sound professional the compatibility of a use at any time, condition of breeding and wintering judgment’’ (see the definition of this but must review a CD every 15 years for habitat, the number of hunters, and the term in the Service Manual at 603 FW wildlife-dependent recreational anticipated harvest. After frameworks 2.6.U., available online at https:// opportunities (603 FW 2.11.H.(1)). are established for season lengths, bag www.fws.gov/policy/603fw2.html) in When making revisions to a CCP or CD limits, and areas for migratory game bird making these inherently complex we must document the reasons for the hunting, States may select season dates, management decisions to ensure that change, make the revised CCP publicly bag limits, and other regulatory options each proposed action complies with this available or put forward the CD for for the hunting seasons. States may mandate. Each manager incorporates public comment, and comply with always be more conservative in their field experience, knowledge of refuge NEPA and the Endangered Species Act selections than the Federal frameworks, resources, considerations of the refuge’s of 1973 (ESA; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), as but never more liberal. For more role within an ecosystem, applicable amended, for any resulting changes in information on this process, see the laws, and best available science in management actions taken by the 2020–2021 cumulative impacts report making these decisions. Service Service. In the case of this rule, we took on http://www.regulations.gov under biologists and wildlife professionals, in the additional step of inviting public Docket No. FWS–HQ–NWRS–2020– consultation with the State, determine comment on even minor changes to 0013. the optimal number of each game CCPs. Although it does not directly affect animal that should reside in an We did make one regulatory change to migratory bird hunting, the Service is ecosystem and then establish hunt the rule based on these comments. developing a rulemaking that limits the parameters (e.g., bag limits, sex ratios) Specifically, in the regulations scope of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act based on those analyses. We carefully governing Quivira NWR in Kansas, we (MBTA) to actions directed at migratory consider how a proposed hunt fits with expressly added a requirement for a birds, thus excluding incidental take as individual refuge goals, objectives, and State-issued permit for the take of a violation of the MBTA. The draft EIS strategies before allowing the hunt. The furbearers to clarify consistency with associated with this proposed rule new or expanded hunting and/or fishing the refuge’s CCP and with the Kansas analyzed the impacts of incidental take opportunities in this rule are not Department of Wildlife, Parks and on migratory bird populations at a expected to individually or collectively Tourism. continental scale and found that the result in significant adverse direct, For any nonregulatory changes based preferred alternative, to promulgate indirect, or cumulative impacts to on these comments, such as clarification regulations that define the scope of the hunted populations of migratory birds in environmental analysis documents, MBTA to exclude incidental take, and resident wildlife, nonhunted please see the specific station’s response would likely lead to an increase in migratory and resident wildlife, to comments, available online here: incidental take over time, without endangered and threatened species, https://www.fws.gov/refuges/hunting/ specifying what bird taxa may be the habitat and plant resources, or other rules-regulations-and-improved-access/. most affected or where. Consistent with natural resources. We analyzed these Comment (11): We received several this draft EIS, the Service anticipates impacts not only in each refuge’s NEPA comments concerned with the direct, that the proposed MBTA rule will have

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minor impacts to migratory game birds considered for use when compatible. In for hunting; restricting levels of use; that occur on NWRs. If the proposed the case of IBA designations from the confining access and travel to rule defining the scope of the MBTA Audubon Society, while several refuges designated locations; providing becomes final and impacts to migratory in the rule do have these IBA education programs and materials for game birds occur as a result, we designations, these designations do not hunters, anglers, and other users; and anticipate any impacts that might occur place any additional legal restrictions conducting law enforcement activities. as a result of that proposed rule will be related to migratory birds on In this rulemaking, the Service is detected through the system of management of these refuges. As expanding opportunities for recreational population monitoring and modeling discussed previously, each station goes hunting and fishing. Expanding cooperatively maintained by the through several different processes, opportunities does not necessarily result Flyways. Any such impacts would then including compatibility determinations, in increased impacts to refuge resources. be addressed by adapting, as needed, NEPA compliance, and ESA compliance We anticipate that for some refuges, migratory game bird management to to ensure that the hunting and fishing these expansions will not result in meet obligations under the MBTA. opportunities proposed would have no changes in usage of the refuge. In other The expansion of hunting of significant impacts on populations of cases, these expansions may lead to migratory game birds on NWRs indicate migratory birds in compliance with the some increase in use of refuges, but that the proposed harvests, or Service’s mandates under the MBTA, these changes would likely by minor. intentional take, of each species will Administration Act, or other applicable Opening of new refuges may attract constitute a negligible component of laws and policies. people to the refuge, but these hunters both national and flyway harvest. We did not make any changes to the and/or anglers were likely already Migratory game bird hunting regulations rule as a result of these comments. participating elsewhere on State or other are established within the above Comment (12): We received several Federal lands. Overall, considering the discussed frameworks compliant with comments arguing that we should have decreasing trends in hunting and fishing NEPA to ensure that adverse impacts prepared an environmental impact generally, and decreasing trends of these will not accumulate over time; thus, the statement (EIS) instead of station- activities on refuges specifically, we do proposed harvest will have a negligible specific environmental analyses not expect this final rule to have a impact on migratory bird resources combined with a national cumulative significant impact on the environment. within NWRs. impact report. Some of these comments As noted in our cumulative impacts In addition to all hunting for also argued that specific stations should report, hunter participation trends have migratory game birds being set within have prepared an EIS where we been generally declining, some refuges this national framework, each station prepared an environmental assessment attract a very small number of must also ensure that the hunting or (EA) or an EA where we prepared a participants, and often participation fishing opportunity is compatible, or in categorical exclusion. rates decline over the course of a season. the case of NFHs not detrimental, to the Our Response: The Service disagrees Finally, a Federal court found that purpose of that station, and comply with the assertion that we should this approach, using a bottom-up with applicable provisions of NEPA, the prepare an EIS before proposing analysis to assess the cumulative impact ESA, and other applicable laws and expanded hunting and fishing of increased hunting and fishing across policy before opening or expanding opportunities on refuges or hatcheries. the entire Refuge System, was an migratory bird game hunting. This We completed individual EAs for, or appropriate way for the Service to thorough process ensures that the applied categorical exclusions to, 147 analyze the impacts of the rule in Service has analyzed the potential refuges and hatcheries, in compliance compliance with NEPA (see Fund for impacts of the proposed hunting or with NEPA, to evaluate the impacts of Animals v. Hall, 777 F. Supp. 2d 92, 105 fishing opportunity and determined that opening or expanding hunting and (D.D.C. 2011)). the opportunity would not have a fishing opportunities on the stations In response to comments, we significant impact on any migratory bird through this rulemaking. These EAs and reviewed all EAs and categorical species, not just the targeted species. categorical exclusions underwent exclusions. The Service disagrees with Where inviolate sanctuaries occur on regional and national review to address the assertion that, for any of the stations NWRs, all uses must be evaluated for and consider these actions from a local, in this rule, we should have prepared an appropriateness and, if necessary, regional, multi-State, and/or flyway EIS instead of an EA or an EA instead compatibility. The language within the perspective, and to consider the of a categorical exclusion. We did, Administration Act only applies to cumulative impacts from this larger however, determine that the use of a those lands with the designation of geographical context. The 2020–2021 categorical exclusion to expand existing inviolate sanctuary for migratory birds. cumulative impacts report concludes, migratory bird and upland game With this in mind, other uses (e.g., big after analyzing the impacts, collectively, hunting at Alamosa and Monte Vista game hunting, hiking, auto tours, etc.) of all EAs and categorical exclusions NWRs may require additional can be allowed as long as they are prepared in connection with this rule, consideration. While this does not result compatible. When determining that the rule would not have significant in any changes to the rule that are compatibility, the Service must consider impacts at the local, regional, or codified in the Code of Federal the high bar that the inviolate sanctuary national level. The commenters who Regulations, the proposed expansions of designation established. have raised these environmental 1,079 acres at Alamosa NWR and 472 In addition, refuges with this analysis concerns have provided no acres at Monte Vista NWR for migratory designation will have to evaluate the additional information that would bird and upland game hunting will not influence of uses occurring or change this analysis or our conclusion. be adopted. potentially occurring on other portions As discussed above, we annually We did not make any changes to the of the refuge and how they may affect conduct management activities on rule as result of these comments. the inviolate sanctuaries. Although this refuges and hatcheries that minimize or Comment (13): Many commenters designation sets a higher level of offset impacts of hunting and fishing on expressed concern over the use of lead consideration, it is clear that Congress physical and cultural resources, ammunition and/or lead fishing tackle intended for these areas to be including establishing designated areas on refuges and hatcheries. Some

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individual commenters objected to these during the public comment period and At those stations where the Service is potential sources of lead at a particular have updated our station-specific continuing to allow lead ammunition refuge or hatchery, and multiple analyses, as well as the national and tackle in order to be consistent with organizations were concerned about cumulative impact report as the States, the number of new hunters lead nationwide and referred us to appropriate. or anglers expected to use lead bullets scientific literature on the subject. Although there is not a Service-wide or lead tackle as a result of the new or Our Response: The Service shares the ban on lead ammunition for non- expanded opportunities is anticipated to commenters’ concerns regarding the migratory bird hunting activities or on be very low, so the resulting addition of bioavailability of lead in the lead sport fishing tackle, the Service has lead into the environment should be environment. See, e.g., Nancy Golden, et taken specific steps to limit the use of negligible or minor. Where lead al., ‘‘A Review and Assessment of Spent lead in hunting and fishing activities on ammunition or tackle is still allowed Lead Ammunition and Its Exposure and refuges and hatcheries. Notably, we (although discouraged) on Service Effects to Scavenging Birds in the continue, in these annual rulemakings lands, the addition of lead and the United States,’’ which is available updating the regulations for hunting and associated impacts to the environment online at https://www.fws.gov/midwest/ sport-fishing on NWRs and NFHs, to are negligible when compared to the refuges/Review%20and phase out the use of lead on Service lead in the environment as a result from %20Assessment%20paper.pdf. lands. On several refuges and other fishing, hunting, or other activities Historically, the principal cause of lead hatcheries, the Service does prohibit the in the local, regional, and national area. poisoning in waterfowl was the use of lead tackle or ammunition; since We disagree with the assertion of collection of high densities of lead shot 2015, not counting this rule, 122 refuges some commenters that any use of lead in wetland sediments associated with and wetland management districts have shot in connection with opening and migratory bird hunting activities implemented restrictions on the use of expanding hunting and fishing on the (Kendall et al. 1996). In 1991, as a result lead ammunition and lead sport fishing refuges and fish hatcheries in this of high bird mortality, the Service tackle for upland game, migratory bird, rulemaking will harm endangered or instituted a nationwide ban on the use or sport fishing harvest activities. In this threatened species. Each refuge and of lead shot for hunting waterfowl and rule, Stillwater NWR prohibits the use hatchery carefully evaluated possible coots (50 CFR 32.2(k)). The Service of lead shot for hunting upland game; 21 impacts on endangered and threatened requires any new shot types for other stations only allow nontoxic shot species as part of the NEPA process. As waterfowl and coot hunting to undergo for upland, big game, and/or turkey discussed above, on refuges, where lead rigorous testing in a three-tier approval hunting; and 10 refuges and hatcheries ammunition or tackle is allowed, we process that involves an ecological risk limit the use of lead tackle in sport found that the low number of hunters and anglers using lead ammunition or assessment and an evaluation of the fishing. Three of these stations have candidate shot’s physical and chemical tackle would result in no more than a both a hunting and a fishing lead characteristics, short- and long-term negligible increase of lead in the restriction, so there are 29 total stations impacts on reproduction in waterbirds, environment when compared to the lead with lead restrictions in this rule. and potential toxic impacts on ammunition and tackle being used in invertebrates (50 CFR 20.134). Because The Service continues to educate the surrounding areas. In addition, of this rigorous testing, the shot toxicity hunters and anglers on the impacts of every refuge and hatchery looked at the issue of the past is now substantially lead on the environment, and impacts of these new or expanded less of an ecological concern. particularly on human health and safety hunting and fishing opportunities, However, there remains a concern concerns of ingesting animals harvested including the allowance or prohibition about the bioavailability of spent lead with lead ammunition. We always of lead, on endangered and threatened ammunition (bullets) and sinkers on the encourage hunters and fishers to species in compliance with environment, endangered and voluntarily use nontoxic ammunition requirements under section 7 of the threatened species, birds, mammals, and tackle for all harvest activities. Lead ESA. The ESA requires Federal agencies humans, and other fish and wildlife alternatives to both ammunition and to ensure that the actions they carry out, susceptible to biomagnification. For tackle are becoming more widely fund, or authorize do not jeopardize the example, as one commenter noted, ‘‘The available and used by hunters and continued existence of endangered or impacts of lost lead tackle can be anglers; however, they remain more threatened species (listed species). For significant; for example, ingested lead expensive. each refuge, the Service determined that fishing tackle is the leading cause of The Service believes it is important to the proposed action was not likely to mortality in adult common loons’’ encourage refuge-State partnerships to adversely affect any listed species. We (Grade, T. et al., 2017, in Population- reach decisions on lead usage. We have reviewed commenters’ concerns level effects of lead fishing tackle on continue to research this issue and regarding insufficient analyses on the common loons. The Journal of Wildlife engage with States and other partners to impact of lead in certain station-specific Management 82(1): 155–164.) The promote the use of non-lead NEPA documents, and we have clarified impacts of lead on human health and ammunition and tackle. We share a or added additional analyses where safety have been a focus of several strong partnership with the States in appropriate. scientific studies. As related to hunting managing wildlife, and, therefore, we We have also updated the 2020–2021 and fishing, studies have found the are proceeding with the phase-out of cumulative impacts report to clarify and ingestion of animals harvested via the toxic ammunition in a coordinated discuss additional information on the use of lead ammunition increased levels manner with each respective State impacts of lead brought to our attention of lead in the human body (e.g., Buenz, wildlife agency. For example, in through the public comment period. E. (2016). Lead exposure through eating California, the use of lead ammunition While we will continue to phase out the wild game. American Journal of is prohibited Statewide including on all use of lead ammunition and tackle on Medicine, 128: 458.). Service lands, largely in response to the Service lands in cooperation with our We share the commenters’ concerns adverse impacts of lead on the State partners, we did not make any about the adverse impacts of lead. We endangered California condor changes to the rule as a direct result of have reviewed the literature provided (Gymnogyps californianus). these comments. We have, however,

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added new prohibitions for use of toxic biological integrity, diversity, and fish, wildlife, or aquatic species (50 CFR shot for multiple hunts at Coldwater environmental health of the refuge. 70.1). Finally, both the NEPA process River, Patoka River, Ottawa, and Some commenters were also concerned and the rulemaking process provide the Horicon NWRs in this rule. Therefore, that the cumulative impacts report was opportunity for the public to provide this rule contains a total of 33 lead- not sufficient in its analysis of furbearer comments and any additional limiting hunting and fishing provisions species specifically. information on impacts of our actions. at 29 stations. Our Response: Refuge managers We considered the additional Comment (14): We received several consider predator management information provided from the public comments that claimed the Service had decisions on a case-by-case basis. As on this issue during these public not adequately addressed the with all species, a refuge manager makes comment periods and determined that cumulative impacts to endangered and a decision about managing predator they did not affect our initial threatened species. Some of these populations, which are included in the determinations that these small and comments pointed to one or more category of resident wildlife, including minor opportunities for hunting particular species. allowing predatory species to be hunted, predators on specific refuges or Our Response: In compliance with only after careful examination to ensure hatcheries will have no more than section 7 of the ESA, every station the action would comply with relevant minor impacts on the population health determined that their proposed actions laws, policies, and directives. The of these species or other wildlife at the would have either ‘‘no effect’’ or were Administration Act, as amended, directs local, regional, or national level. ‘‘not likely to adversely affect’’ the Service to manage refuges for To clarify, our determination of the endangered and threatened species or ‘‘biological integrity, diversity, and rule’s impact on furbearers, like many designated critical habitat. Because environmental health.’’ Predators play a other resident wildlife species in this endangered and threatened species are critical role in the integrity, diversity, rule, is not based on bag limits, but usually highly localized, minor or and overall health of ecosystems, so rather on the limited number of hunters negligible impacts on an endangered or before allowing predators to be hunted, that we expect to pursue these threatened species at a local or even a refuge manager must ensure that these opportunities as a result of the rule. regional scale would likely have no actions do not threaten the integrity, Hunting for furbearers (including some cumulative impact on national diversity, or health of the refuge predators) on refuges is often limited by populations of those species. ecosystem. The manager must also season date ranges and hours of day. In While there may be some minor, determine that the action is compatible other cases, the terrain and habitat of localized, and temporary (short-term) with refuge purposes and the mission of the refuge or hatchery are not conducive impacts to endangered and threatened the Refuge System, and in keeping with to these types of hunting opportunities. species as a result of hunting or fishing the refuge’s CCP and other step-down Therefore, it is our determination that activities, every station ensured that plans. In addition, the refuge manager this rule, while bringing greater these impacts were minimized and, in analyzes the impacts of the actions on alignment with State hunting many cases, offset them through a the environment through the NEPA regulations, will not result in significant variety of management activities. For process and section 7 of the ESA. impacts to predator or furbearer species. example, one commenter expressed Therefore, a refuge manager must take We have updated the 2020–2021 concerns over the cumulative impact to many steps to ensure that any cumulative impacts report to clarify the endangered northern aplomado opportunity for hunting predators on a these points of public concern. falcon (Falco femoralis septentrionalis) refuge meets the Service’s applicable We did not make any changes to the at Lower Rio Grande Valley NWR and laws and policies. rule as a result of these comments. Laguna Atacosta NWR. The majority of The Administration Act, as amended, Comment (16): We also received hunts at these refuges are not taking also mandates that regulations various comments expressing the place during the nesting season and are permitting hunting or fishing of fish and sentiment that ‘‘trophy hunting,’’ not occurring in areas utilized by resident wildlife within the Refuge trapping, baiting, and hounding of aplomado falcons. Hunts are occurring System shall be, to the extent predators are ‘‘unsportsmanlike’’ in association with brush habitats and practicable, consistent with State fish activities and inappropriate uses on not within the coastal prairie habitats and wildlife laws, regulations, and Service lands. utilized by the aplomado falcon. Over management plans (16 U.S.C. Our Response: The Service does not the course of nearly three decades, no 668dd(m)). Therefore, all the attempt to define or authorize ‘‘trophy adverse effects to aplomado falcons opportunities for hunting predators in hunting’’ in any of our laws, regulations, from the conduct of the hunts on refuges this rule that are intended to bring or policies concerning hunting. We in south Texas or elsewhere has ever greater consistency with State fish and follow State hunting and fishing been documented. wildlife laws, regulations, and regulations (except for where we We did not make any changes to the management plans are part of realizing determine it is necessary to be more rule as a result of these comments. the Service’s mission. Moreover, these, restrictive on individual stations), Comment (15): We received many as with all predator hunting including State regulations concerning comments expressing concern about determinations and all hunting and responsible hunting, or prohibitions on opening and expanding opportunities fishing determinations, were only made wanton waste (defined as ‘‘to for hunting of predator species. Several after careful consideration by the refuge intentionally waste something of these comments objected to all manager to ensure that such actions negligently or inappropriately’’). We proposed hunting of a predator species would not threaten the integrity, only allow hunting on refuges and on a Service station and named all such diversity, and overall health of the hatcheries when we have determined stations. Some commenters alleged that ecosystem and were compatible with that the opportunity is sustainable and we did not give enough consideration to both the purpose of the refuge and the compatible. the impacts of those proposed hunts, mission of the Refuge System. For The use of dogs for hounding is and that the hunts conflicted with the NFHs, the hatchery manager made the prohibited on refuges by 50 CFR Service’s mandates under the decision that such opportunities were 26.21(b) unless authorized by station- Administration Act to maintain the not detrimental to the propagation of specific regulations, and many refuges

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only authorize the use of dogs for subject to certain limitations, including several stations based on the potential retrieval of migratory birds, upland foot or nonmotorized watercraft access for trespassing, the location of refuges in game birds, and small game. Most only, primitive weapons only, and in crowded areas, potential conflicts with refuges that allow dogs require the dogs some cases special use permit other visitors to the refuge, or the need to be under the immediate control of the requirements that ensure wilderness for adequate funding and/or staffing. In hunter at all times, or leashed unless values are protected. Because hunting particular, the most common specific actively retrieving an animal. There are and fishing in wilderness is not easily concern was that the increase in also some hatcheries that allow accessible and has many restrictions, we openings and expansions of hunting and hounding. All of them do so in order to anticipate the number of hunters or sport fishing would overwhelm existing provide complete consistency with State anglers in wilderness to be very low, law enforcement capacity. These regulations in the interest of effective and we determined there will be no concerns were expressed for multiple law enforcement, as the hatcheries that significant impacts to wilderness areas specific stations and as a nationwide allow this activity are small and are or wilderness values from this rule. For issue, but we received the most only providing access on their land for example, the wilderness area at Cabeza comments about public safety concerns hounding because they are surrounded Prieta NWR is fairly accessible to both nationally and locally around by State land that allows this practice. visitors due to the unique non- hunting at Sachuest Point NWR. In cases where there may be concerns wilderness road corridors along El Our Response: The Service considers with use of dogs impacting the Camino del Diablo and Christmas Pass public safety to be a top priority. In management and purpose of the Road. Yet, due to the rugged terrain and order to open or expand hunting or hatchery, those hatcheries have also extreme weather conditions, the Service sport fishing on a refuge, we must find been closed to hounding. does not anticipate hunters traveling the activity compatible. In order to find In States where baiting is allowed, more than 5 miles from these roads. an activity compatible, the activity must some refuges have elected to be more Therefore, increased hunting not ‘‘materially interfere or detract restrictive and not support this method opportunities will potentially affect a from’’ public safety, wildlife resources, of hunting. In cases where hatcheries maximum of 19 percent of the 860,000- or the purpose of the refuge (see the have allowed this activity, they do not acre refuge. Hunting will be limited to Service Manual at 603 FW 2.6.B., expect the hunting activity for species foot access only to ensure wilderness available online at https://www.fws.gov/ such as bear will occur, and thus no values are protected. We anticipate the policy/603fw2.html). For this baiting would occur on the hatchery. number of hunters will be low, and rulemaking, we specifically analyzed Some hatcheries allow this use to be in there will be negligible increase in the possible impacts of the changes to complete consistency with State impacts to the refuge’s wilderness area. hunting programs at each refuge and regulations for law enforcement reasons. We did not make any changes to the hatchery on visitor use and experience, Trapping is not a valid method of take rule as a result of these comments. including public safety concerns and as part of hunting programs in the Comment (18): A couple commenters possible conflicts between user groups. Refuge System. Under the Improvement had questions about permitting for Hunting of resident wildlife on Act, trapping is not considered a hunting and fishing at certain refuges. refuges generally occurs consistent with priority wildlife-dependent recreational Our Response: First, the best source State regulations, which are designed to use of the Refuge System. Trapping on for answers to detailed questions on protect public safety. Refuges may also refuges is generally only implemented permitting at a given refuge is still the develop refuge-specific hunting to accomplish specific wildlife refuge website, brochures, station regulations that are more restrictive than management objectives. These signage, and/or station staff. Second, State regulations in order to help meet objectives vary between refuges and are these inquiries may have been prompted specific refuge objectives, including often an essential tool in meeting refuge by the fact that in this rule we made a protecting public safety. Refuges use management objectives (e.g., trapping of significant number of regulatory many techniques to ensure the safety of predators may be necessary to changes related to permits, many of hunters and visitors, such as requiring accomplish waterfowl production them specifying the particular Federal hunters to wear blaze orange, objectives or to protect an endangered form required. The forms that the controlling the density of hunters, species). Service uses to issue permits must be limiting where firearms can be We did not make any changes to the approved by the Office of Management discharged (e.g., not across roads, away rule as a result of these comments. and Budget (OMB) and assigned an from buildings), and using time and Comment (17): Several commenters OMB control number. Therefore, the space zoning to limit conflicts between raised the issue of the impact of the rule rule ensures that our regulations list the hunters and other visitors. It is worth on wilderness, particularly as defined approved form number of the permit, noting that injuries and deaths related to by the 1964 Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. which displays a valid OMB control hunting are extremely rare, both for 1131–1136). Some of these comments number, that is required at the station. hunters themselves and for the focused on wilderness concerns at These clarifying changes to our nonhunting public. specific refuges, including Cabeza Prieta regulations should benefit all hunters However, public comment is NWR in Arizona. and anglers who visit the refuges and important in making sure we have Our Response: Hunting and fishing hatcheries. Each station has further considered all available information and are generally compatible wildlife- instructions on the permit process at concerns before making a final decision dependent recreational activities that station’s office, listed in the on a proposed opening or expansion. allowed in many wilderness areas station’s hunting or fishing brochure, For Sachuest Point NWR, the Service managed by both the Service and other and/or on various signs and placards proposed a non-annual, short-duration, land management agencies, such as the located around the station. limited (maximum 8 hunters), mentored Bureau of Land Management and the Comment (19): We received many firearms hunt for white-tailed deer, with National Park Service. However, in comments that expressed concern over the chance to opportunistically hunt order to be compatible with wilderness some aspect of public safety. coyote or fox while deer hunting. purpose and values, hunting and fishing Commenters raised concerns about Opposition to the proposal was activites within wilderness areas are openings or expansions of hunting at widespread, including from the

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municipality, State representatives, and and maintain the use in a way that will aware of hunting and their options for the State’s congressional delegation. The not materially interfere with or detract minimizing conflict. Most stations have refuge received over 600 comments on from fulfillment of the refuge purpose(s) station-specific regulations to improve the proposed hunt at the refuge, and 97 and the Service’s mission. If resources the quality of the hunting experience as percent of those commenters were are lacking for establishment or well as provide for quality wildlife- opposed to the plan, with particular continuation of wildlife-dependent dependent experiences for other users. concerns about public safety and recreational uses, the refuge manager The Service is aware of several studies impacts to recently restored marshland. will make reasonable efforts to obtain showing a correlation between For these reasons, the hunt unit area is additional resources or outside increased hunting and decreased being decreased from 223 acres to 150 assistance from States, other public wildlife sightings, which underscores acres to exclude areas near town agencies, local communities, and/or the importance of using the beaches and the salt marsh, and the private and nonprofit groups before aforementioned techniques, particularly allowed method of take is changed from determining that the use is not time and space zoning of hunting, to firearms to archery only. For Bosque del compatible. When Service law ensure a quality experience for all Apache NWR, we are not adopting the enforcement resources are lacking, we refuge and hatchery visitors. More proposed hunting of dark goose, are often able to rely upon State fish and information on how a specific station American coot, common moorhen, game law-enforcement capacity to assist facilitates various wildlife-dependent common snipe, duck, and merganser in in enforcement of hunting and fishing recreation opportunities can be found in order to ensure no negative impacts to regulations. For all 147 stations opening the station’s CCP, hunt plan, and/or public safety or to important habitat on or expanding hunting and/or sport station-specific associated NEPA the refuge. This means we are removing fishing in this rule, we have determined document. The public may contact the 663 acres for migratory bird hunting on that we have adequate resources, specific refuge or hatchery for any of Bosque del Apache NWR from what we including law enforcement personnel, to these materials, and the NEPA proposed on April 9, 2020 (85 FR develop, operate, and maintain the documents associated with this rule are 20030). This final rule also incorporates proposed hunt programs. available here for all stations: https:// changes from the proposed rule to the We did not make any additional www.fws.gov/refuges/hunting/rules- designated areas where hunting can changes (other than those described in regulations-and-improved-access/. occur for public safety reasons at three this response) to the rule as a result of In response to public comments, this other refuges that are not codified in the these comments. rule incorporates changes to Bosque del Code of Federal Regulations but that Comment (20): Many commenters Apache NWR’s refuge-specific hunting will be reflected on the refuges’ stated and even put forward statistics on regulations to help address impacts on websites, in their brochures, and on the fact that the majority of Americans other wildlife-dependent recreation their signage. Specifically, from the do not hunt. Most of these commenters users and partners working on the designated hunting areas we proposed were also of the opinion that allowing refuge, as well as possible impacts to on April 9, 2020 (85 FR 20030): (1) We hunting would impede ‘‘non- habitat on the refuge. In addition, we removed 16 acres from the designated consumptive’’ uses of refuges, including have made modifications to the hunting area for John H. Chafee NWR in photography and wildlife viewing. A designated hunting area, in order to response to public safety concerns, few of these commenters mentioned our reduce risk of conflict with other including a comment from local law obligation to manage the refuges in the priority public uses, at Lee Metcalf enforcement; (2) we removed 16 acres interest of multiple uses, particularly NWR that are not codified in the Code from the designated hunting area for those listed in the Administration Act. of Federal Regulations but that will be Ottawa NWR in order to reduce the risk Our Response: Congress, through the reflected on the refuge’s website, in its of trespassing through adjacent lands in Administration Act, as amended, brochures, and on its signage. the interest of public safety; and (3) we envisioned that hunting, fishing, Specifically, from the designated removed 80 acres from the designated wildlife observation and photography, hunting area we proposed on April 9, hunting area for LaCreek NWR in order and environmental education and 2020 (85 FR 20030), we removed 1,463 to reduce the risk of trespassing on interpretation would all be treated as acres at Lee Metcalf NWR in the interest adjacent lands in the interest of public priority public uses of the Refuge of balancing priority public uses. safety. System. Therefore, the Service Comment (21): One comment For the rest of the proposed openings facilitates all of these uses on refuges, as centered on the impact of muzzleloaders or expansions of hunting in our April 9, long as they are found compatible with (firearms loaded through the open end 2020, proposed rule (85 FR 20030), we the purposes of the specific refuge and of the barrel, as opposed to modern have determined that there are sufficient the mission of the Refuge System. For breech-loaded firearms) on wildlife and protections in place as part of the hunt this rulemaking, we specifically public health and safety for a long list program at that station to ensure public analyzed the possible impacts of the of refuges. A few of the refuges named safety. For more information on the changes to hunting programs at each do not allow muzzleloader firearms, Service’s efforts to ensure public safety refuge and hatchery on visitor use and with this rule or otherwise, but the at a particular station, please see that experience, including public safety majority of those listed do under this station’s hunt plan, compatibility concerns and possible conflicts between rule. determination, and associated NEPA user groups. Our Response: We have determined analysis. The refuges and hatcheries in this that the allowance of muzzleloader Regarding concerns about lack of rulemaking use a variety of techniques rifles as a method of take at these funding or staffing, Service policy (603 to reduce user conflict, such as specific refuges is compatible with the purposes FW 2.12.A.(7)) requires station hunt seasons, limited hunting hours, of those refuges and the mission of the managers to determine that adequate restricting which parts of the station are Refuge System. We have also resources (including personnel, which open to hunting, and restricting the determined that allowing this method of in turn includes law enforcement) exist number of hunters. Station managers take will have negligible impacts on or can be provided by the Service or a also use public outreach tools, such as wildlife and public safety for the partner to properly develop, operate, signs and brochures, to make users following reasons:

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(a) Numbers of hunters using firearm-related incidents (all firearms) determine if hunting is compatible. muzzleloaders on the specific refuges occurred in only 9 out of every 1 million Assuming it is found to be compatible, named in the comment and on Service hunting days. (See Loder, Randall T. the refuge manager would next lands in general are expected to remain and Farren, Neil. 2014. ‘‘Injuries from determine the conduct of the hunt, low. The 2016 National Survey of firearms in hunting activities.’’ Injury: which might include the use of falconry. Hunting and Fishing reported that only International Journal of the Care of the A refuge manager has discretion to 12 percent of all hunters reported using Injured 45(8): 1207–1214. Online at: restrict hunting and types of hunting, muzzleloaders. https://doi.org/10.1016/ including falconry, if, for example, (b) Noise produced by muzzleloading j.injury.2014.04.043.) In 2017, there endangered or threatened species are and modern rifles and shotguns of the were over 17 million hunters with present, the cumulative impacts of a same caliber and barrel length are firearms according to the National type of hunt have not been analyzed or similar in decibel range (approximately Sporting Goods Association (NSGA), are not available, or if a type of special 150–160 dB for shotguns). However, the and only 35 injuries occurred per hunt is not compatible with the refuge noise produced by these weapons has 100,000 participants, of which a vast purpose. Thus, this issue is decided quite different characteristics. Black majority were not serious injuries. (See individually on a refuge-by-refuge basis. powder used in muzzleloaders makes a Target Tamers. 2020. ‘‘Hunting Accident The Service remains committed to much lower frequency noise of longer Statistics: Fatalities, Injuries, and Tree opening hunting methods, including duration. Smokeless cartridges used in Stand Accidents.’’ Online at: https:// falconry and especially those methods modern firearms have a faster burn, www.targettamers.com/guides/hunting- allowed by State regulations, whenever which gives a much higher pitched accident-statistics/#_ftn24.) Thus, while it is possible to do so at a given refuge noise that is much shorter. The high- hunting with any type of firearm in a manner consistent with all pitched crack of modern firearms is involves risk, overall it is an extremely purposes and objectives of the refuge, in more damaging to hearing, and likely safe activity. the professional judgment of the refuge more disturbing to wildlife than the We did not make any changes to the manager. lower-pitched sound of black-powder rule as a result of this comment. We did not make any changes to the weapons. Comment (22): We received one rule as a result of these comments. (c) Muzzleloading weapons have a comment stating there was no mention Comment (24): One commenter shorter effective range and require a of ‘‘catch and release’’ in the proposed requested that we change our closer approach to game than when rule and asking us to ‘‘advocate for’’ this regulations on the use of dogs for using modern firearms. In addition, the method of fishing in the interest of hunting to be more consistent Service- long reloading time of muzzleloaders maintaining fish populations. wide and to align them with State (approximately 30 seconds) means that Our Response: We agree with the regulations. hunters typically wait for better commenter that catch-and-release Our Response: Even though State opportunities, and fewer shots are fired. restrictions can be a good way to both regulations may allow dogs during (d) Muzzleloaders use a variety of allow fishing and ensure population hunting activities, our general refuge propellants, including black powder, a health of the targeted species. We do regulations prohibit all domesticated mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, have catch-and-release restrictions on animals at 50 CFR 26.21(b) unless and sulfur. Black powder does produce many of our stations. For example, we authorized by refuge-specific relatively large quantities of smoke have three stations (Assabet River NWR, regulations. While refuges adopt State when fired. If combustion of black Cherry Valley NWR, and Wallkill River hunting and fishing regulations to the powder is complete, smoke would NWR) in this rule that retain their extent practicable, they must also contain primarily nitrogen and carbon regulations allowing only catch-and- comply with the general refuge dioxide. However, since combustion is release fishing. Where catch-and-release regulations. Therefore, in order to allow incomplete, black powder combustion is not required, it usually means that, dogs during hunting activities, each produces hydrogen sulfide, sulfur consistent with the State, the fishery refuge must authorize the use of dogs oxides, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen populations are healthy enough to during hunting activities in their refuge- oxides. (See Del’Aria, Cynthia and sustain some take or that the targeted specific entries at 50 CFR part 32. As Opperman, David A. 2017. species are nonnative. explained above, all uses on refuges ‘‘Pyrotechnics in the Entertainment Comment (23): Two comments, one of must be found compatible and must not Industry: An Overview.’’ pp. 791–802 them referencing the other, advocate for conflict with refuge objectives. Some In: Sataloff, Robert T. (ed) 2017. falconry as an approved method of take refuges have found that the use of dogs Professional Voice, Fourth Edition: The in alignment with State regulations, during hunting activities must be Science and Art of Clinical Care (3 vol). specifically in the State of Arizona. limited or not authorized in order to Plural Publishing.) These compounds Our Response: We allow hunting of avoid conflict with refuge objectives. are toxic if breathed in high resident wildlife on NWRs only if such Where we do allow the use of dogs concentrations; however, in field activity has been determined compatible while hunting, we attempt to have conditions encountered when hunting, with the established purpose(s) of the consistency with regulations between black powder smoke disperses rapidly. refuge and the mission of the Refuge refuges, especially within States and Total amounts produced as a result of System as required by the geographic regions. hunting activity would be negligible, Administration Act. Service policy, as As an example of such efforts, the and therefore effects to wildlife would outlined in our Service manual at 605 Northeast Region, based on also be negligible. FW 2.7.M. (Special Hunts), stipulates, conversations and cooperation with (e) Muzzleloaders do take ‘‘We will address special types of hunts, Northeast Association of Fish & Wildlife significantly more knowledge to operate such as falconry, in the hunt section of Agencies leadership, evaluated its than modern firearms, and involve the visitor service plan (VSP).’’ In other current practices and ultimately greater risk. However, a political and words, each refuge manager, when proposed in our April 9, 2020, proposed social research firearm injury developing their step-down VSP (which rule (85 FR 20030) to allow some use of surveillance study, which accumulated would include a hunt plan, if dogs while hunting to increase data from 1993 to 2008, reported that appropriate) from their CCP, must first consistency. Nearly all refuges in the

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Northeast Region will soon be aligned Any major changes in station or number of small entities. The second with their respective State’s regulations environmental conditions, such as an commenter claimed that we must on the use of dogs during hunting unsustainable decrease in a species conduct a Regulatory Flexibility Act seasons for big game, upland game, and population or sizeable increases in analysis for this rule and that it must migratory game birds. refuge or hatchery acreage or public include the impact of the rule on non- We did not make any changes to the uses, would trigger additional planning, consumptive users. rule as a direct result of this comment, NEPA review, Compatibility Our Response: For the first comment, but we did make some changes to Determinations, and ESA section 7 if we were to include estimates of zero regulations related to the use of dogs for evaluation processes. The Service may impact for any number of local other reasons, and these changes may reevaluate compatibility at any time if economies in areas unaffected by the increase consistency across stations and conditions warrant. These required rule, it would not change our estimate further align with State regulations. planning and management processes of the maximum nationwide economic Comment (25): We received one ensure that adverse impacts will not impact and would not change anything comment that urged the development of accumulate over time. about the potential economic a user fee that would be consistently As a result of these comments, we significance of the rule. applied for all refuges and hatcheries have updated the 2020–2021 cumulative Regarding the second comment, a and for all recreational uses. impacts report to further clarify our Regulatory Flexibility Act analysis is Our Response: The Service collects approach to considering climate change. required for some rulemakings, but this entrance and recreation fees under the We did not make any changes to the rulemaking does not require such an authorities of the Refuge Revenue rule as a result of these comments. analysis because we can certify that it Sharing Act of 1935 (16 U.S.C. 715s) Comment (27): Several comments will not significantly affect a substantial and the Federal Lands Recreation noted the potential benefits of this rule number of small entities. The Enhancement Act (FLREA; 16 U.S.C. in reducing the spread of wildlife commenter is correct that non- 6801 et seq.). Service policy requires diseases due to the increase in hunting consumptive users are an important refuge managers to consider two factors opportunities. One of these comments user group at our refuges and hatcheries, in determining fees for any activity: Fair further urged us to ensure that our and they do bring benefits to local market value and costs involved in regulations provide flexibility for economies. However, the commenter’s providing the use. Because fair market individual stations to address chronic argument that we need to consider value and refuge costs can differ among wasting disease in deer populations. economic impacts of the rule on non- localities, there is often a range of Our Response: We agree that in States consumptive users, and presumably that different fees for similar activities in where chronic wasting disease (CWD) is it would change our finding on different locations. For locations that prevalent, hunting can be a useful significance of the rule’s impact if we collect fees under FLREA, public emergency management tool for did, does not persuade us for two key comment periods are required when reducing the spread and prevalence of reasons. First, if the impacts the refuges initiate fees and to change the CWD. Population reduction can commenter describes, lost revenue for types and amounts of fees. We minimize disease transmission and local economies from fewer non- encourage public participation in this selective culling of deer in areas where consumptive use days at refuges and process. CWD occurs and can control the hatcheries, were to occur as a result of We did not make any changes to the prevalence of the disease (Mateus- this rule, they would be offset by the rule as a result of this comment. Pinilla, N., M.O. Ruiz, P. Shelton, and increased revenues that we have Comment (26): A number of J. Novakofski. 2013. Evaluation of a wild calculated for the added hunting and commenters mentioned climate change, white-tailed deer population fishing use days. This means that as a general environmental issue, as management program for controlling calculating both impacts, again something we should consider in chronic wasting disease in Illinois, assuming there were lost non- developing this rule. A few of these 2003–2008. Preventative Veterinary consumptive use days, could never find commenters specifically argued that we Medicine, 110(3–4): 541–548). For many as much of an impact as calculating one did not fully consider the impacts of of the refuges in affected States, there or the other alone. Calculating impacts this rule in the context of the separate are strategies to coordinate with the related to both user groups would be impacts of climate change on fish, State on responses to CWD outbreaks inefficient. Second, calculating only the wildlife, and other refuge resources in outlined in the station’s hunt plan or economic impact of the rule’s effects on our cumulative impacts report. CD. Beyond opening additional non-consumptive users of the refuges Our Response: The Service considers emergency hunts, stations can, when would not likely result in a higher the impacts of climate change on the necessary, coordinate with States to estimate of maximum nationwide management of wildlife and responds to monitor for CWD and provide economic impact because there are no a changing climate through its annual additional staff support and resources expected effects on this user group, process of setting hunting and fishing for the State’s response to an outbreak. which means the estimated economic seasons. Hunting seasons are based on We did not make any changes to the impacts would be zero. As discussed biological monitoring and coordination rule as a result of these comments. above in our response to Comment (20), with our State partners. In some Comment (28): We received two this rule is not expected to significantly circumstances, seasons may be adjusted comments that touched on the proposed impact non-consumptive users. None of based on predicted harvest rates, rule’s discussion of the economic the provisions in this rule regulate non- population levels, seasonal factors, and impacts of the rule. One commenter consumptive uses of the refuge, and all other assessments. While this process is argued that we must include local openings and expansions of hunting and not necessarily climate-based, over time, economies with no expected changes to fishing are assessed for compatibility as the variables mentioned above revenues as a result of the proposed rule with non-consumptive uses. The change, the Service responds by altering alongside those that may see changes Service has put in place many its regulations accordingly. These because omitting them ‘‘skews the restrictions on hunting and fishing regulatory changes are only incremental results’’ in our conclusion that the rule programs, including some added in changes that build on previous changes. will not significantly affect a substantial response to comments on this rule, in

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order to ensure that we balance the wilderness or on any administrative high demand during opening weekend, various priority wildlife-dependent roads or trails within designated we have many waterfowl hunt recreation uses on all refuges and wilderness. Additionally, the terrain at opportunities throughout the season in hatcheries. We do not expect the rule to Cabeza Prieta NWR is very rough and California that are undersubscribed. In effect non-consumptive use of the mountainous, with hot Sonoran desert the Southeast, many NWRs face limits refuges and hatcheries, and we fully conditions. Therefore, most hunting will in opening and expanding beyond expect the trends of increasing non- likely occur within 5 miles of the public current opportunities as many are consumptive use mentioned by the roads that run through non-wilderness closed or partially closed to migratory commenter to continue alongside the corridors. Additionally, there are a bird hunting in order to meet inviolate implementation of the rule. number of mitigation measures put in sanctuary requirements or because of a We did not make any changes to the place to reduce adverse effects on specific establishing purpose rule, including to our discussion of the pronghorn, which include restricting inconsistent with waterfowl hunting. Regulatory Flexibility Act analysis and dove hunting to late season only, Yet, there are many more refuges in the the Secretary’s certification that this enforced speed limits, and no hunting region that are accessible and open to rule will not have a significant impact zones around captive breeding facilities. waterfowl hunting, with regulations that on a substantial number of small Even though these activities are are aligned or closely aligned to State entities, as a result of these comments. occurring in the same area, we expect a regulations. Comment (29): A few comments very limited number of hunters. This We did not make any changes to the maintained that we need to account for means that the minimal human activity rule as a result of these comments. the ongoing impacts to habitat and associated with hunting is not likely to Alaska wildlife from border operations and significantly add to disturbance of border wall construction in assessing pronghorn, even when considered in the Comment (31): We received multiple the hunting and fishing opportunities at context of border-related activities. The comments that we failed to provide our refuges on the border with Mexico vast size of the refuge (860,000 acres) credible scientific evidence that (i.e., Lower Rio Grande Valley, Laguna also weighs in favor of our assessment camelids present a disease threat to Atascosa, and Cabeza Prieta NWRs). that any impacts of these potentially wildlife in Arctic National Wildlife These commenters argue that the overlapping human activities would be Refuge (Arctic NWR). combined impacts of border operations negligible. Finally, these refuges use an Our Response: We disagree with these and increased hunting and fishing pose adaptive management approach, as do comments. The Service must make too much of a risk to habitats and to all of our stations, and will make all decisions on what uses to allow on a certain species, particularly endangered necessary adjustments to their hunt refuge consistent with principles of and threatened species. programs should they determine that sound fish and wildlife management Our Response: The Service disagrees hunting activities are adversely and administration, available science with commenters that opening these impacting a listed species. and resources, and adherence to the areas to hunting would have more than Comment (30): A significant number requirements of ANILCA, the minor cumulative impacts on habitat of comments advocated for openings Administration Act, and other and species. In general, the potential and expansions of additional waterfowl applicable laws. impacts of providing additional hunting hunting opportunities. Most of these While few peer-reviewed studies have opportunities, which are minimal and specifically requested opportunities in directly investigated the transmission of temporary in nature, are negligible to the State of California and the pathogens from camelids to wild sheep, minor for both habitats and species. The Southeastern United States. there have been assessments that advise refuge-specific documents at Cabeza Our Response: We appreciate the caution. Schwantje and Stephen (2003) Prieta, Buenos Aires, and Lower Rio support for and interest in waterfowl stated that llamas commonly carry Grande Valley NWRs have been updated hunting in California and in the pathogens that can cause disease in wild to further clarify the anticipated impacts Southeast. We are committed to ungulates (H. Schwantje and C. and how they have been minimized. evaluating additional waterfowl hunting Stephen. 2003. Communicable disease Specifically at Lower Rio Grande Valley opportunities on refuges wherever it is risks to wildlife from camelids in British NWR, hunt tracts, with the exception of compatible with refuge purposes, Columbia. British Columbia Ministry of La Casita East, are removed by several sanctuary requirements, local Water, Land and Air Protection miles (25–30 miles) from the border. conditions, and other objectives and Biodiversity Branch, Victoria, BC). They Therefore, since the effects of hunting obligations of the Refuge System. These expressed particular concern for fecal- and border wall activities are, for the requests for additional openings and borne disease, such as Johne’s disease most part, separated by substantial expansions will have to be a and Pasteurella spp. Johne’s disease is distances, the refuge does not anticipate consideration for future rulemakings, as fatal, is easily transmitted among that hunting activities (including they have not yet been evaluated and ruminants, is long-lived in the through vehicle traffic or foot traffic) thus cannot be accommodated between environment, and has no known would contribute to any cumulative a proposed and final rule. Nevertheless, treatment. In another risk assessment by impacts to species from border activities given the degree of public interest, it is the Centre for Coastal Health (2017), and development occurring along or appropriate to note some considerations seven common camelid pathogens were within the Rio Grande tracts of the specific to waterfowl hunting in identified that could potentially present refuge. At Cabeza Prieta NWR, hunter California and the southeastern United significant risks to wild sheep use days would predominantly occur States. populations: Mannheimia haemolytica, from October through February when In California, for a variety of reasons, Pasteurella spp., contagious ecthyma, wildlife, including Sonoran pronghorn, our ability to further expand some of the bovine viral diarrhea virus, are less likely to be stressed by highlighted opportunities at our NWRs Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis environmental conditions. Cabeza Prieta is limited. These reasons include, but (Johne’s disease), bluetongue virus, and NWR does not allow hunters access via are not limited to, limited access, Mycobacterium bovis. They concluded motorized transport or mechanized unreliable water supplies, and recovery that Mannheimia haemolytica, equipment within designated of endangered species. Also, despite the Pasteurella spp., contagious ecthyma,

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and Johne’s disease were of particular wildlife, and habitat values and focal exposure, the Service finds that concern. Both studies expressed species conservation found on most precluding any association between concern regarding disease transmission refuges. One of the core purposes of the Dall’s sheep and domestic sheep or from contact between camelids and wild Arctic NWR, as directed by ANILCA’s goats within the Arctic NWR is sheep and their habitat (Centre for section 303(2)(B)(i), is to conserve fish warranted at this time. Coastal Health. 2017. Risk assessment and wildlife populations and habitats in The Service also included camelid on the use of South American camelids their natural diversity including, but not species in this rule because they too for back country trekking in British limited to, Dall’s sheep. have been documented as carriers of Columbia. British Columbia Ministry of With that mandate in mind, Arctic pathogens that could potentially harm Forests, Lands, Natural Resource NWR sought further professional Dall’s sheep. Preventing the Operations and Rural Development guidance, including from the Western introduction (e.g., pathway Division of Wildlife conservation, Association of Fish and Wildlife management) of invasive species and Alaska Department of Fish and Game). Agencies (WAFWA) Wild Sheep pathogens is the first line and most cost- These assessments informed the Working Group’s ‘‘Recommendations effective defense against biological Service’s decision to prohibit camelids for Domestic Sheep and Goat invasion. The cost of managing on Arctic NWR. Management in Wild Sheep Habitat.’’ pathogen(s) that may be transmitted by Limited clinical/pen testing studies Those recommendations state: ‘‘We domestic sheep, goats, and camelids have been conducted that co-mingle recommend that wild sheep managers through other means (i.e., eradicating or controlling) is exponentially higher. various domestic (including llamas) and design and implement management wild animals in an effort to detect Additionally, there is uncertainty that strategies by taking the first step of disease transmission (Foreyt, W. J. 1994. the recovery of these populations would assessing and prioritizing conservation Effects of controlled contact exposure be achievable if the Dall’s sheep value and relative importance of wild between healthy bighorn sheep and populations were to be infected with sheep populations. The greater the llamas, domestic goats, mountain goats, any of these pathogens. Response and conservation value and the greater the cattle, domestic sheep, or mouflon recovery efforts would be made even risk of association with domestic sheep sheep. Northern Wild Sheep and Goat more difficult considering the Arctic or goats, the more aggressive and Council Proceedings 9: 7–14.). While NWR’s vast size and remoteness, and comprehensive a strategy to ensure this limited study suggests that llamas the overall difficulty of accessing the effective separation should be.’’ The do not likely pose as serious of a threat sheep and their habitats. Much of the to wild sheep as do domestic sheep, it Arctic NWR places the highest sheep habitat is in designated fails to provide compelling evidence importance and conservation value on Wilderness, adding a layer of that llamas do not pose any risk of the area’s wildlife, including Dall’s administrative complexity to any kind pathogen transmission to wild sheep. sheep. Therefore, a most aggressive and of management response to a disease There were several limitations of the comprehensive ‘‘effective separation’’ outbreak. To conserve the natural study: (1) It was a symposium strategy is warranted. Furthermore, the diversity of the Arctic NWR and presentation, not a peer-reviewed paper; WAFWA document provides an integrity of Dall’s sheep populations in (2) it limited investigation to the additional recommendation relating to the Arctic NWR, the best course of transmission of Pasteurella haemolytica disease transmission risk mitigation: ‘‘It action is to prevent the introduction of and did not investigate other pathogens is generally acknowledged that thinhorn pathogens until there is more of concern; (3) it is unclear the total sheep (Ovis dalli spp.) in Alaska and information available on how or if numbers of animals that were involved northwestern Canada are likely naı¨ve to pathogens can be effectively managed in the study; and (4) it is unclear if the exposure to many organisms commonly through other mitigation strategies. llamas housed with the sheep were in carried by domestic species, compared A study that helps illustrate the value fact infected with Pasteurella to wild sheep occurring in southern of prevention (Cassirer et al. 2018. haemolytica. Canada and the continental [United Pneumonia in bighorn sheep: Risk and We did not make any changes to the States]. Until this is confirmed and the resilience. The Journal of Wildlife rule as a result of these comments. effects of exposure to infectious Management, 82(1): 32–45) found that Comment (32): We received several organisms are clearly understood, it is no vaccine or antibiotic treatment has comments questioning the Service’s risk essential that no association occurs controlled infection in domestic or wild tolerance and precautionary approach to between thinhorn sheep and domestic sheep, and management actions to prohibiting camelids on the Arctic sheep or goats’’ (Garde, E., S. Kutz, H. mitigate morbidity and mortality in wild NWR. Schwantje, A. Veitch, E. Jenkins, and B. sheep populations once exposed have Our Response: As discussed above, Elkin. 2005. Examining the risk of been unsuccessful. This is true for the Service must make decisions on disease transmission between wild populations in the lower 48 States what uses to allow on a refuge Dall’s sheep and mountain goats and where access and associated logistics for consistent with principles of sound fish introduced domestic sheep, goats and such efforts are relatively feasible. and wildlife management and llamas in the Northwest Territories. Sheep populations in the Brooks Range administration, available science and Northwest Territories Agricultural and are considerably more challenging to resources, and adherence to the Policy Framework and Environment and access and attempt to treat for disease, requirements of ANILCA, the Natural Resources Government of the supporting the decision that prevention Administration Act, and other Northwest Territories, Yellowknife, is the best course of action. applicable laws. Canada; CAST (Council for Agricultural Comment (33): We received a Vast, natural, and wild, Arctic NWR Science and Technology). 2008. comment noting that llamas and horses serves a distinctive function in the Pasteurellosis transmission risks are both widely separated from wild National Wildlife Refuge System. As a between domestic and wild sheep. sheep taxonomically and that completely intact ecosystem, Arctic CAST Commentary QTA 2008–1. consequently these species enjoy strong NWR offers the opportunity to preserve Council for Agricultural Science and species barriers against disease a range of tangible and intangible values Technology, Ames, Iowa). In light of transmission that the Service failed to in addition to the traditional fish, this acknowledged potential for recognize by ‘‘mis-categorizing camelids

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with domestic sheep and goats as a and there is no known cross immunity ovipneumoniae] spillover into wildlife common disease risk.’’ The commenter from different strains. Domestic pack populations may remain a challenge stated that domestic sheep and goats animals can transmit other strains of given the high strain diversity in (bovids) are not widely separated from Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae or other domestic sheep and need for more wild sheep (also bovids) taxonomically, diseases and parasites that are novel to comprehensive pathogen surveillance’’ and consequently they do not enjoy the the Arctic NWR populations and pose (Kamath, P.L., K. Manlove, E.F. Cassirer, same species barriers against disease serious risks to these populations. P.C. Cross, and T.E. Besser. 2019. transmission to wild sheep that horses Furthermore, ADFG has not suggested Genetic structure of Mycoplasma and llamas do. that Alaska’s moose and caribou carry ovipnumoniae informs pathogen Our Response: We agree with the the pathogen, nor are they considered spillover dynamics between domestic commenter that llamas and horses are potential vectors to Dall’s sheep (Dr. and wild Caprinae in the western separated from wild sheep Kimberlee Beckmen, June 9, 2020, pers. United States. Scientific Reports, taxonomically. The inclusion of camelid comm.). 9:15318). species with domestic sheep and goat Several studies highlight the Comment (36): Multiple commenters species in this rule is not due to vulnerability of wild sheep to novel stated that the Service’s assertion that taxonomic association. Camelids are strains of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae. the proposed regulation is better aligned included because, similar to domestic Cassirer et al. (2017) state that with ADFG regulations and WAFWA sheep and goats, they can harbor the transmission of pathogens carried by recommendations is inaccurate, because pathogens that are of high risk for domestic sheep and goats pose a severe neither ADFG regulations nor WAFWA enzootic disease outbreak in native threat to bighorn sheep populations recommendations prohibit the use of wildlife populations. These diseases (Cassirer, E.F., K.R. Manlove, R.K. camelids. include Mannheimia haemolytica, Plowright, and T.E. Besser. 2017. Our Response: The Service agrees Pasteurella spp., contagious ecthyma, Evidence for strain-specific immunity to with commenters that we were not clear bovine viral diarrhea virus, bluetongue pneumonia in bighorn sheep. The in the assertions made regarding virus, and Mycobacterium bovis. Journal of Wildlife Management, 81(1): alignment with ADFG regulations and Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella 133–143). Large die-offs occur from WAFWA recommendations. The spp., contagious ecthyma, and Johne’s pneumonia caused by exposure to amendment to the Arctic NWR disease are of particular concern for Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae. This is regulations does align with ADFG native ungulate species in Alaska. further complicated by the fact that regulations to the extent that it restricts Comment (34): We received several some of the survivors from these the use of domestic sheep and goats comments expressing concern that epidemics are asymptomatic, but can when hunting Dall’s sheep, mountain camelids were being treated differently pass this pathogen on to other sheep, goats, and musk ox in Alaska. The than other pack animals. Several including new lambs. These lambs prohibition on camelids on the Arctic commenters stated that if camelids are usually succumb to pneumonia and die. NWR is more protective than ADFG’s identified as an ‘‘unreasonable risk’’ by Additionally, they cited a situation in current regulations, which are silent on the Service, the Service should also Hells Canyon in which a novel camelid species. While WAFWA consider the unreasonable disease risk Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae strain recommendations do not specifically posed by humans and other pack introduced by domestic goats caused address camelids, they advise wildlife animals. high levels of morbidity and mortality Our Response: As discussed above, among adult sheep in the population. In managers to maximize effective there is potentially great risk to Dall’s another study, researchers sampled 137 separation between wild sheep and sheep from sheep, goats, and camelids animals in 24 flocks of domestic sheep potential disease vectors. As camelids due to the suite of pathogens they can and goats for Mycoplasma are potential disease vectors, the Service carry. Similar risks do not exist with ovipneumoniae and found that 37.5 has determined that prohibiting respect to other common pack animals, percent of the flocks tested positive. camelids on the Arctic NWR is such as horses and mules, or humans. Additionally, they found that 78 percent necessary in order to more closely align Therefore, we did not make any changes of these animals had incidences of with WAFWA’s recommendations. to the rule based on these comments. escape from their pens, thus potentially Comment (37): We received a few Comment (35): One commenter noted transmitting this pathogen to wild sheep comments that the proposed prohibition that Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae has (Heinse, L.M., Hardesty, L.H., and would not expand public use recently been identified in Dall’s sheep Harris R.B. 2016. Risk of pathogen opportunities, but instead would restrict in the northern Brooks Range and, spillover to bighorn sheep from these activities in remote areas where according to the Alaska Department of domestic sheep and goat flocks on pack animals might be necessary for Fish and Game (ADFG), evidence private land. Wildlife Society Bulletin, public access. suggests they (wild ungulates) may have 40(4): 625–633). Our Response: The Service finds that been carriers all along; therefore, there Kamathet al. (2019) examined the the prohibition on certain domestic is no need to prohibit llamas on Arctic pneumonia-associated bacterium pack animals in the Arctic NWR is an NWR. The commenter also noted that Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in appropriate measure to conserve Dall’s additional evidence from ADFG domestic sheep, domestic goats, bighorn sheep. Ensuring the health and suggested that moose and caribou also sheep, and mountain goats across the population of Alaska wildlife ensures carry the pathogen and may be potential western United States using samples that wildlife-dependent public use vectors. collected from 1984 to 2017. They found opportunities can continue into the Our Response: Multiple strains of that there was a much higher genetic future. While the prohibition does Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae have been diversity of Mycoplasma restrict rather than expand certain identified. The Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (i.e., many more strains) public use opportunities, it will help ovipneumoniae that ADFG documented in domestic animals than in wild preserve wildlife-dependent public uses in Dall’s sheep is apparently a unique populations of bighorn sheep and such as hunting, wildlife observation, Alaska wildlife-only strain that has not mountain goats. They concluded that and wildlife photography (priority been found in any domestic animals, ‘‘the ability to predict [Mycoplasma public uses defined by the Improvement

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Act) by preventing disease transfer to CCP and associated NEPA process that Comment (40): We received several Dall’s sheep and other wildlife species. ultimately determined that camelid use comments that the inclusion of a Comment (38): We received a request on the refuge would be prohibited. proposed closure of a use on Arctic to amend our proposal to allow the use Our Response: The public process NWR (i.e., the prohibition on domestic of camelids for public uses on Arctic that resulted in the 2015 Arctic NWR sheep, goats, and camelids) within the NWR a case-by-case basis through a CCP and Record of Decision (ROD) station-specific rulemaking does not refuge permit or, similarly, to allow involved both a 90-day public comment adhere to rulemaking and closure pack goat use through implementation period on the 2011 draft Arctic NWR procedures for Alaska refuges as of ‘‘best management practices.’’ CCP and associated draft environmental provided by ANILCA. Our Response: The Service impact statement (draft EIS) (see 76 FR Our Response: The Service has done considered amending the regulations in 50490; August 15, 2011) and various extensive outreach on the amendment to a manner that could allow for future public meetings, which the Service the regulations, including, but not uses of these pack animals through an informed the public of through limited to, announcing the proposed Arctic NWR-administered permit extensive outreach. In addition to the amendment on the Arctic NWR’s public program but decided against doing so. 90-day public comment period on the website; mailing and emailing affected As discussed in our response to draft CCP and draft EIS, the Service held Tribal governments, user groups, Comment (32), preventing the two open houses, six public hearings, wildlife organizations, and other introduction (e.g., pathway and four community meetings. Through partners and stakeholders; informing management) of invasive species and the public comment period, the Service and communicating with both the pathogens is the first line and most cost- received 612,285 public comments on ADFG and Alaska’s congressional effective defense against biological the draft CCP/draft EIS, 6 of which representatives; publishing the invasion. The cost of managing requested that the Service prohibit proposed rule in the Federal Register pathogen(s) once transmitted to wild certain domestic pack animals due to (85 FR 20030; April 9, 2020) with a 60- sheep by domestic sheep, goats, and their potential threat as a wildlife day public comment period; holding a camelids (i.e., eradicating or controlling) disease vector. virtual public hearing on May 13, 2020 is exponentially higher. Additionally, (due to the COVID–19 pandemic it Public comment periods allow there is uncertainty that if the Dall’s could not be held safely in person); agencies to learn more from the public, sheep populations were to be infected publishing notice of the proposed Arctic Alaska Native Tribal governments and with any these pathogens, the recovery NWR regulation and virtual public corporations, and other agencies, and to of these populations would be hearing in both regional and local refine their proposals as appropriate. achievable. To conserve the natural newspapers; posting notice of the Because of this, the agency’s final diversity of the Arctic NWR and proposed Arctic NWR regulation at action, which is only made after the integrity of Dall’s sheep populations on community post offices; and conclusion of the public comment the refuge, the best course of action is announcing the proposed Arctic NWR to prevent the introduction of pathogens period, may be different from the regulation via two public service until there is more information available agency’s original proposal. In the case of announcements run on KUAC on how (or if) pathogens can be the Arctic NWR CCP, the original (Fairbanks). We received numerous effectively managed through other proposed action did not contain a comments on the proposed rule, mitigation strategies. As a permitting prohibition on pack llama use on the including the Arctic NWR regulation, system would not necessarily prevent refuge, but after reviewing the public and offer our responses to those the introduction of pathogens and comments and additional scientific comments in this rule. Therefore, we would do nothing to help control an literature, and considering the purposes have fully satisfied the requirements for outbreak or mitigate adverse effects to of the Arctic NWR, the Service notice-and-comment rulemaking under Dall’s sheep, the Service chose not to determined that a change to the CCP the Administrative Procedure Act (5 include a permit option in this final was warranted, and incorporated a U.S.C. 551 et seq.). rule. proposed prohibition into the final EIS. The commenters state that the The Service reviewed the North On January 27, 2015, we published a prohibition of certain domestic pack American Packgoat Association notice of availability (80 FR 4303) of the animals in the Arctic NWR constitutes (NAPgA) ‘‘best management practices’’ revised CCP and final EIS for the Arctic a ‘‘closure’’ that triggers additional (BMP) document submitted by the NWR; that notice announced a 30-day notice and public hearing requirements commenter and determined that the public review period for those under ANILCA. The Service remains in referenced practices fail to adequately documents, which began when the full compliance with ANILCA because address disease risk mitigation of pack Environmental Protection Agency we conducted the types of public goats beyond careful owner oversite published its requisite notice on outreach specified at section 1110(a) of (identification and control), co-mingling February 6, 2015 (80 FR 6705). This ANILCA and the associated mitigation, and lost goat response. review period provided the public with implementing regulations (i.e., 43 CFR Consistent with the reasoning described an opportunity to understand changes 36.11 and 50 CFR 36.42). Regardless, the above, the Service chose not to make an made between the draft CCP/draft EIS State of Alaska has requested that the exception in this final rule for pack goat and the revised CCP/final EIS, to read promulgation of regulations for NWRs use that adheres to the NAPgA’s BMP responses to public comments on the in Alaska be conducted under separate document standards. draft CCP/draft EIS, and to learn about rulemaking processes, and not be Therefore, we did not make any the Service’s preferred alternative. That included in the larger annual hunting changes to the rule as a result of this revised CCP includes references to the and fishing rulemaking for the Refuge comment. additional information that informed System. They state this is preferable Comment (39): Several commenters the inclusion of camelids. This process because of the unique public input and expressed concerns that the llama was consistent with both the Service’s notice requirements mandated by packing user group was not informed of planning laws (16 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.) ANILCA and the associated or included in the 2011–2015 public and policies (602 FW 3), as well as the implementing regulations. We agree, review process for the Arctic NWR’s requirements of NEPA (42 U.S.C. 4332). and we intend to conduct rulemaking

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for NWRs in Alaska separately from the Meadows NWR, Assabet River NWR, with State regulations, to promote annual station-specific regulations in and Oxbow NWR) in close proximity to intrastate alignment of station-specific the future. each other in the Eastern Massachusetts regulations, or in response to comments. Comment (41): We have received National Wildlife Refuge Complex. The For example, as discussed above, the comments from the State of Alaska and refuge did receive NEPA process public hours of the day open to weekend AFWA directing our attention to the comments in support of and in alligator hunting at Banks Lake NWR recent Sturgeon v. Frost decision of the opposition to the opening of bear were adjusted based on a comment from U.S. Supreme Court. 139 S. Ct. 1066 hunting at each of these three refuges in the Georgia Department of Natural (2019). These comments note that the the complex, including Oxbow. None of Resources to align with Georgia’s Supreme Court held the National Park these comments raised concerns alligator daily hunting hours. Another Service cannot impose regulations on particular to Oxbow; they were relevant example is that, after extensive public lands it does not own and reaffirmed the to all three refuges. response to proposed big game hunting State of Alaska’s right to manage fish, Conversely, we are not adopting 23 at Sachuest Point NWR, we added a wildlife, and public access over non- proposed hunting opportunities for provision explicitly stating these hunts Federal lands, including submerged particular species at four refuges in this will be periodic rather than annual and lands. final rule. At Cabeza Prieta NWR, as will be strictly limited to a small Our Response: We agree with the summarized in response to Comment (5) number of hunters. ADFG and AFWA that the State of above, we are not adopting the proposed Similarly, we added regulations that Alaska has the right to manage fish, hunting of ringtail cat, badger, and limit the method or manner of take as wildlife, and public access over non- skunk due to cultural concerns in a response to public comments or for Federal lands, including submerged consultation with the Tohono O’odham clarification of refuge policy. This lands owned by the State of Alaska. We Nation of Arizona. At Bosque del includes making the mentored deer value the partnership with the State of Apache NWR, as summarized in hunting at Sachuest Point NWR archery Alaska for managing the wildlife, lands, response to Comment (19) above, we are only, limiting the number of individuals and waters within Alaska NWRs for the not adopting the proposed hunting of that can participate in muzzleloader benefit of the American public. The dark goose, American coot, common deer hunting at Fort Niobrara NWR by Alaska regulation in this rule applies to moorhen, common snipe, duck, and instituting a limited permit lottery, federally owned lands in the Arctic merganser in response to public prohibiting handgun and rifle hunting NWR and does not impose restrictions comments and in order to ensure no of upland and big game at Assabet and on non-Federal lands, including State of negative impacts to public safety or to Oxbow refuges, allowing only shotgun Alaska-owned submerged lands and is, important habitat. At Alamosa and when hunting migratory birds at therefore, consistent with the Sturgeon Monte Vista NWRs, as mentioned in Turnbull NWR, and revising the v. Frost decision. response to Comment (12) above, we are proposed feral hog hunt at Bosque del Changes From Proposed Rule not adopting proposed expansions onto Apache NWR into incidental take of new acres for the hunting of the same feral hog during other big game seasons. Based on consultation with States and seven species (rabbit, duck, dark geese, Note also that we made several changes other partners, comments we received light geese, coot, dove, and snipe) at that clarified the use of dogs. In some on the proposed rule, and comments we both refuges because the categorical cases this was in response to public received on NEPA documents for exclusions for these expansions may comments, while in others it was to individual refuges and hatcheries, we require further consideration. promote intrastate alignment of station- made a number of changes between the Also, as mentioned in response to specific regulations. For example, in proposed rule and this final rule, some comments above, we are adding a response to public comments, for of which have been discussed above special permit requirement for the take LaCreek NWR, the rule now clarifies under Summary of Comments and of furbearers at Quivira NWR. Requiring that the current use of dogs when Responses. this Kansas Department of Wildlife, hunting is expanded to newly opened For one, we have added regulatory Parks and Tourism (KDWPT) permit areas and that the use of dogs while text to open hunts for species that we will further alignment of our regulations predator hunting is prohibited; whereas reason should have been included with the State of Kansas and is changes clarifying that dogs can only be alongside other new hunts at the same consistent with the refuge CCP. used in the context of bird hunting were refuge. Regulatory language allowing Another change made, again as made for Buenos Aires, Fallon, and hunting for bear at Oxbow NWR, quail mentioned in response to comments Stillwater refuges. at Valentine NWR, pronghorn antelope above, is that we added regulatory At LaCreek and Laguna Atascosa at Fort Niobrara NWR, and for dove and language for Coldwater River, Patoka refuges, specifically, we added quail at Tallahatchie River are included River, Ottawa, and Horicon refuges that regulations concerning field dressing of in this final rule. We also corrected results in this final rule having four certain hunting take as a result of public Table 1 below to reflect an expansion of more regulatory provisions limiting the comments and to balance refuge uses. elk hunting at Monte Vista NWR, which use of lead shot than were in the Next, we made several changes to does not require a change to the proposed rule. These changes were not regulations that concerned various regulatory text because we are only directly in response to public comments methods of transportation. These expanding an existing hunt to new received that expressed concern about changes were made either in acres. We have conducted the same lead ammunition, but they do reduce consultation with and to further align NEPA processes for these species as all the number of openings and expansions with States or in response to public of the other species in this rule, and under this rule for which hunters may comments. These changes include not they have been subject to public review use lead ammunition. adopting the proposed use of bicycles at and comment through that process. In We made multiple regulatory changes Bosque del Apache NWR, clarifying the case of bear at Oxbow NWR, that affect the hours and seasons for motorized vessel and airboat regulations opening hunting of this species in this hunts or for related activities such as at Loxahatchee NWR, and allowing boat rule will maintain consistency, as bear constructing stands and blinds. These use for access purposes at LaCreek hunting is opened at three refuges (Great changes were each made to better align NWR.

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At Montezuma and North Platte Effective Date Amendments to Existing Regulations refuges, we clarified regulations for Updates to Hunting and Fishing youth and special hunts. We are making this rule effective Opportunities on NWRs and NFHs Additionally, as referenced in upon publication (see DATES, above). We response to Comment (18), above, we provided a 60-day public comment This document codifies in the Code of made numerous changes throughout the period for the April 9, 2020, proposed Federal Regulations all of the Service’s rule, in addition to regulatory revisions rule (85 FR 20030). We have determined hunting and/or sport fishing regulations already proposed, to ensure the specific that any further delay in implementing that are updated since the last time we required forms, which display a valid these station-specific hunting and sport published a rule amending these OMB control number, are indicated fishing regulations would not be in the regulations (84 FR 47640; September 10, whenever our regulations mention the public interest, in that a delay would 2019) and that are applicable at Refuge need for one of our Federal permits. hinder the effective planning and System and Hatchery System units This reflects a nationwide effort to be administration of refuges’ and previously opened to hunting and/or clear in our regulations regarding which hatcheries’ hunting and sport fishing sport fishing. We do this to better Federal permit form is being referenced programs. This rule does not impact the inform the general public of the in a given regulation to promote public public generally in terms of requiring regulations at each station, to increase understanding and compliance. lead time for compliance. Rather, it understanding and compliance with Finally, we also made various primarily relieves restrictions in that it these regulations, and to make nonsubstantive, editorial corrections allows activities on refuges and enforcement of these regulations more and clarifying revisions throughout the hatcheries that we would otherwise efficient. In addition to now finding rule. These changes ensure clarity and these regulations in 50 CFR parts 32 and prohibit. Therefore, we find good cause accuracy for the benefit of the public in 71, visitors to our refuges and hatcheries under 5 U.S.C. 553(d)(3) to make this relying on the regulatory text and the may find them reiterated in literature benefit of the stations in administering rule effective upon publication. distributed by each station or posted on the regulations. signs.

TABLE 1—CHANGES FOR 2020–2021 HUNTING/SPORT FISHING SEASON

Migratory Upland Station State bird game Big Sport fishing hunting hunting game hunting

Abernathy Fish Technology Washington ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... A. Center. Alamosa ...... Colorado ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... B. Arthur R. Marshall Florida ...... D ...... Closed ...... C ...... D. Loxahatchee. Assabet River ...... Massachusetts ...... C ...... C ...... C/D ...... Already Open. Balcones Canyonlands ...... Texas ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... D ...... Closed. Bamforth ...... Wyoming ...... Closed ...... A ...... A ...... Closed. Banks Lake ...... Georgia ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... B ...... Already Open. Berkshire NFH ...... Massachusetts ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... A. Big Branch Marsh ...... Louisiana ...... E ...... C/E ...... Already Open ...... Already Open. Bitter Lake ...... New Mexico ...... E ...... Already Open ...... D ...... Closed. Black Bayou Lake ...... Louisiana ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... E ...... Already Open. Blackwater ...... Maryland ...... D ...... Closed ...... D ...... Already Open. Block Island ...... Rhode Island ...... B ...... Closed ...... D ...... Already Open. Bogue Chitto ...... Louisiana and Mississippi ...... E ...... E ...... E ...... Already Open. Bombay Hook ...... Delaware ...... C/D ...... C/D ...... D ...... B. Bosque del Apache ...... New Mexico ...... C/D ...... C/D ...... C/D/E ...... Already Open. Browns Park ...... Colorado ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... C ...... Already Open. Buenos Aires ...... Arizona ...... C ...... C ...... C ...... Closed. Buffalo Lake ...... Texas ...... B ...... C/D ...... Already Open ...... Closed. Cabeza Prieta ...... Arizona ...... B ...... B ...... C ...... Closed. Canaan Valley ...... West Virginia ...... D ...... D ...... D ...... B. Carolina Sandhills ...... South Carolina ...... Already Open ...... C ...... Already Open ...... Already Open. Catahoula ...... Louisiana ...... C ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... Already Open. Cedar Island ...... North Carolina ...... E ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... Closed. Cibola ...... Arizona and California ...... D ...... C/D ...... D ...... Already Open. Clarks River ...... Kentucky ...... Already Open ...... C ...... Already Open ...... Already Open. Cokeville Meadows ...... Wyoming ...... C ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... B. Coldwater River ...... Mississippi ...... C ...... C ...... Already Open ...... Already Open. Crab Orchard ...... Illinois ...... D/E ...... Already Open ...... D/E ...... Already Open. Crescent Lake ...... Nebraska ...... C/D ...... D ...... C ...... E. Dahomey ...... Mississippi ...... C ...... C ...... E ...... Already Open. Deer Flat ...... Idaho and Oregon ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... D. Dwight D. Eisenhower NFH ..... Vermont ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... A. Edwin B. Forsythe ...... New Jersey ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... D. Eufaula ...... Georgia and Alabama ...... E ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... Already Open. Everglades Headwaters ...... Florida ...... A ...... A ...... A ...... A. Fallon ...... Nevada ...... A ...... A ...... A ...... Closed. Fish Springs ...... Utah ...... C ...... B ...... B ...... Closed. Flint Hills ...... Kansas ...... Already Open ...... C ...... E ...... Already Open. Fort Niobrara ...... Nebraska ...... B ...... B ...... C/E ...... Already Open.

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TABLE 1—CHANGES FOR 2020–2021 HUNTING/SPORT FISHING SEASON—Continued

Migratory Upland Station State bird game Big Sport fishing hunting hunting game hunting

Great Meadows ...... Massachusetts ...... D ...... B ...... C/D ...... Already Open. Great River ...... Illinois and Missouri ...... C ...... Already Open ...... E ...... Already Open. Hart Mountain ...... Oregon ...... B ...... C/D ...... Already Open ...... Already Open. Horicon ...... Wisconsin ...... C ...... C ...... C ...... Already Open. Hutton Lake ...... Wyoming ...... Already Open ...... B ...... B ...... Closed. Iroquois ...... New York ...... D/E ...... E ...... E ...... Already Open. John W. and Louise Seier ...... Nebraska ...... A ...... A ...... A ...... Closed. John H. Chafee ...... Rhode Island ...... A ...... A ...... A ...... A. Jordan River NFH ...... Michigan ...... A ...... A ...... A ...... Closed. Kirwin ...... Kansas ...... C ...... C/E ...... D ...... E. Kootenai ...... Idaho ...... C ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... D. LaCreek ...... South Dakota ...... D ...... C/D ...... C/D ...... Already Open. Laguna Atascosa ...... Texas ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... C ...... Already Open. Lamar NFH ...... Pennsylvania ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... A. Leavenworth NFH ...... Washington ...... B ...... B ...... B ...... Already Open. Lee Metcalf ...... Montana ...... Already Open ...... B ...... D ...... D. Leslie Canyon ...... Arizona ...... A ...... A ...... A ...... Closed. Little White Salmon NFH ...... Washington ...... B ...... B ...... B ...... Already Open. Lower Rio Grande Valley ...... Texas ...... D/E ...... B ...... C/D/E ...... Closed. Marais des Cygnes ...... Kansas ...... C/E ...... C/E ...... E ...... Already Open. Mattamuskeet ...... North Carolina ...... E ...... Closed ...... Already Open ...... Already Open. Merced ...... California ...... C ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... Closed. Middle Mississippi River ...... Illinois and Missouri ...... C ...... C ...... Already Open ...... Already Open. Minidoka ...... Idaho ...... C/D ...... C/D ...... C/D/E ...... Already Open. Monte Vista ...... Colorado ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... D ...... Closed. Montezuma ...... New York ...... C ...... B ...... E ...... D. Muscatatuck ...... Indiana ...... B ...... C ...... E ...... Already Open. Nestucca Bay ...... Oregon ...... C ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... Already Open. Ninigret ...... Rhode Island ...... Closed ...... B ...... C/E ...... Already Open. Northern Tallgrass Prairie ...... Minnesota ...... D ...... D ...... D ...... D. North Platte ...... Nebraska ...... Closed ...... C/E ...... D/E ...... Already Open. Ottawa ...... Ohio ...... D ...... D ...... D ...... Already Open. Overflow ...... Arkansas ...... C ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... Closed. Oxbow ...... Massachusetts ...... D ...... C/D/E ...... C/D/E ...... Already Open. Pahranagat ...... Nevada ...... Already Open ...... D ...... Closed ...... Already Open. Pathfinder ...... Wyoming ...... C ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... Closed. Patoka River ...... Indiana ...... C/D ...... C/D ...... D ...... D. Quivira ...... Kansas ...... C ...... C ...... B ...... Already Open. Rachel Carson ...... Maine ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... D. Rydell ...... Minnesota ...... B ...... B ...... E ...... Already Open. Sachuest Point ...... Rhode Island ...... Closed ...... B ...... B ...... Already Open. San Diego Bay ...... California ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... A. San Luis ...... California ...... Already Open ...... D ...... Closed ...... Already Open. Savannah ...... South Carolina and Georgia .. Already Open ...... C ...... C ...... Already Open. Seatuck ...... New York ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... B ...... Already Open. Spring Creek NFH ...... Washington ...... B ...... B ...... B ...... Already Open. Stewart B. McKinney ...... Connecticut ...... D/E ...... Closed ...... B ...... Closed. Stillwater ...... Nevada ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... C ...... Closed. St. Marks ...... Florida ...... Already Open ...... D/E ...... D/E ...... Already Open. St. Vincent ...... Florida ...... Closed ...... E ...... E ...... Already Open. Swan River ...... Montana ...... Already Open ...... Closed ...... C ...... Already Open. Swanquarter ...... North Carolina ...... E ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... Closed. Tallahatchie ...... Mississippi ...... C ...... C ...... E ...... Already Open. Tennessee ...... Tennessee ...... C/D ...... C/E ...... E ...... Already Open. Tensas River ...... Louisiana ...... Already Open ...... C ...... Already Open ...... Already Open. Tishomingo ...... Oklahoma ...... Already Open ...... Closed ...... Already Open ...... E. Trustom Pond ...... Rhode Island ...... C ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... Already Open. Turnbull ...... Washington ...... E ...... Closed ...... Already Open ...... Closed. Two Rivers ...... Illinois and Missouri ...... D ...... D ...... D ...... Already Open. Umbagog ...... New Hampshire and Maine .... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... B. Union Slough ...... Iowa ...... C ...... C ...... Already Open ...... Already Open. Valentine ...... Nebraska ...... C/D ...... C ...... C ...... Already Open. Wapato Lake ...... Oregon ...... A ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... Closed. Wertheim ...... New York ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... C/E ...... Already Open. Willapa ...... Washington ...... Already Open ...... Already Open ...... D ...... Already Open. Willard NFH ...... Washington ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... Closed ...... A. Key: A = New station opened (Opening). B = New activity on a station previously open to other activities (Opening). C = Station already open to activity but added new species to hunt (Opening).

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D = Station already open to activity, but added new lands/waters or modified areas open to hunting or fishing (Expansion). E = Station already open to activity, but existing opportunity expanded through season dates, method of take, bag limits, quota permits, youth hunt, etc. (Expansion).

The changes for the 2020–2021 refuges. This rule also opens 38 of the further that regulations must be based hunting/fishing season noted in the easement refuges to sport fishing, as the on the best available science and that table above are each based on a remaining 3 are already open to sport the rulemaking process must allow for complete administrative record which, fishing. This opens a total of 47,419 public participation and an open among other detailed documentation, acres to hunting and fishing, subject to exchange of ideas. We have developed also includes a hunt plan, a the permission of current landowners. this rule in a manner consistent with compatibility determination (for these requirements. Other Updates to the Regulations for refuges), and the appropriate National NWRs Executive Order 13771—Reducing Environmental Policy Act (NEPA; 42 We are making one change to 50 CFR Regulation and Controlling Regulatory U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) analysis, all of Costs which were the subject of a public part 36, the regulations concerning review and comment process. These Alaska NWRs. Specifically, we are This final rule is not an Executive documents are available here: https:// prohibiting domestic sheep, goats, and Order (E.O.) 13771 (82 FR 9339, www.fws.gov/refuges/hunting/rules- camelids on the Arctic National Wildlife February 3, 2017) regulatory action regulations-and-improved-access/. Refuge. The purpose of this prohibition because this rule is not significant under Through these openings and is to prevent the spread of diseases and E.O. 12866. expansions, we are opening or parasites to native wildlife populations, Regulatory Flexibility Act including mountain goats, musk oxen, expanding hunting or sport fishing on Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act 2,264,796 acres of NWRs and, as and especially Dall’s sheep. Dall’s sheep in Alaska, including on the Arctic (as amended by the Small Business discussed below, opening 47,419 acres Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act on limited-interest easement NWRs. We National Wildlife Refuge, are free of domestic livestock diseases and are [SBREFA] of 1996) (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.), are also opening hunting or sport fishing whenever a Federal agency is required on 1,484 acres of the National Fish believed to have very low immunity to many of these diseases. Domestic sheep, to publish a notice of rulemaking for Hatchery System. These totals combine any proposed or final rule, it must for an overall total of 2,313,699 acres goats, and camelids (e.g., llamas and alpacas) are recognized as being at high prepare and make available for public opened or expanded to hunting or sport comment a regulatory flexibility risk for carrying disease organisms, fishing by this rule. analysis that describes the effect of the often asymptomatically, that are highly rule on small entities (i.e., small Limited-Interest Openings in North contagious and cause severe illness or businesses, small organizations, and Dakota death in Dall’s sheep. small government jurisdictions). We are also opening limited-interest Fish Advisory However, no regulatory flexibility NWRs (easement refuges) to hunting analysis is required if the head of an and fishing in accordance with State For health reasons, anglers should review and follow State-issued agency certifies that the rule will not regulations and with access controlled have a significant economic impact on by the current landowners. These consumption advisories before enjoying recreational sport fishing opportunities a substantial number of small entities. easement refuges in North Dakota are a Thus, for a regulatory flexibility analysis unique mix of government-owned and on Service-managed waters. You can find information about current fish- to be required, impacts must exceed a private property that were established threshold for ‘‘significant impact’’ and a during the 1930s in response to drought consumption advisories on the internet at: http://www.epa.gov/fish-tech. threshold for a ‘‘substantial number of and economic depression in North small entities.’’ See 5 U.S.C. 605(b). Dakota. The Easement Refuge Program Required Determinations SBREFA amended the Regulatory began in 1935, and executed agreements Flexibility Act to require Federal Regulatory Planning and Review that granted the Federal Government agencies to provide a statement of the (Executive Orders 12866 and 13563) migratory bird and flowage easements, factual basis for certifying that a rule many of them perpetual, for the Executive Order 12866 provides that will not have a significant economic purposes of water conservation, drought the Office of Information and Regulatory impact on a substantial number of small relief, and migratory bird and wildlife Affairs (OIRA) will review all significant entities. conservation. The overarching purpose rules. OIRA has determined that this As a preface to this analysis, we note of the program is management of rulemaking is not significant. that this rule opens 41 easement refuges migratory birds, with these easements Executive Order (E.O.) 13563 to hunting and/or sport fishing, but serving as breeding grounds for many reaffirms the principles of E.O. 12866 because these openings are subject to migratory waterfowl. The easements while calling for improvements in the individual landowner permission, we thus established were later formally nation’s regulatory system to promote are not including them in the designated NWRs and became the 41 predictability, to reduce uncertainty, calculation of the rule’s estimated easement refuges that the Service now and to use the best, most innovative, economic impact. We anticipate administers (and which the Service and least burdensome tools for negligible economic impact due to retains the right to close to hunting/ achieving regulatory ends. The limited demand from hunters and fishing, and later open, for wildlife, executive order directs agencies to anglers in the area. In our EAs analyzing safety, or other reasons). consider regulatory approaches that these openings, we provided an estimate We are opening all 41 of these reduce burdens and maintain flexibility for biological evaluation purposes of the easement refuges to upland game and and freedom of choice for the public hunting and fishing use days for all 41 big game hunting, with migratory bird where these approaches are relevant, easement refuges cumulatively. We have hunting prohibited due to the migratory feasible, and consistent with regulatory not converted those estimates of bird management purpose of these objectives. E.O. 13563 emphasizes potential use days into dollar figures for

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this rule because it is difficult to predict and 9 NFHs. As a result, visitor use for Because the participation trend is flat in whether private landowners will grant wildlife-dependent recreation on these these activities since 1991, this increase access and because it may not be stations will change. If the stations in supply will most likely be offset by justifiable to use the same impact establishing new programs were a pure other sites losing participants. calculation methods to these lands with addition to the current supply of those Therefore, this is likely to be a uncertain, privately controlled access as activities, it would mean an estimated substitute site for the activity and not we do for the other lands in this rule maximum increase of 25,702 user days necessarily an increase in participation with public access. (one person per day participating in a rates for the activity. This final rule opens or expands recreational opportunity; see Table 2). hunting and sport fishing on 97 NWRs

TABLE 2—ESTIMATED MAXIMUM CHANGE IN RECREATION OPPORTUNITIES IN 2020–2021 [Dollars in thousands]

Additional Additional Additional Station hunting days fishing days expenditures

Abernathy Fish Technology Center (FTC) ...... Alamosa ...... 200 $6.9 Arthur R. Marshall (ARM) Loxahatchee ...... 57 242 10.3 Assabet River ...... 195 ...... 6.5 Balcones Canyonlands ...... 30 ...... 1.0 Bamforth ...... 25 ...... 0.8 Banks Lake ...... 6 ...... 0.2 Berkshire NFH ...... 365 12.6 Big Branch Marsh ...... 38 ...... 1.3 Bitter Lake ...... 16 ...... 0.5 Black Bayou Lake ...... Blackwater ...... Block Island ...... 67 ...... 2.2 Bogue Chitto ...... 75 ...... 2.5 Bombay Hook ...... 50 365 14.3 Bosque del Apache ...... 1,472 ...... 49.0 Browns Park ...... 40 ...... 1.3 Buenos Aires ...... 100 ...... 3.3 Buffalo Lake ...... 12 ...... 0.4 Cabeza Prieta ...... 1,505 ...... 50.1 Canaan Valley ...... 365 12.6 Carolina Sandhills ...... Catahoula ...... Cedar Island ...... 150 ...... 5.0 Cibola ...... 800 ...... 26.6 Clarks River ...... 760 ...... 25.3 Cokeville Meadows ...... 5 30 1.2 Coldwater River ...... Crab Orchard ...... 21 ...... 0.7 Crescent Lake ...... 200 600 27.4 Dahomey ...... 172 ...... 5.7 Deer Flat ...... 120 4.2 Dwight D. Eisenhower NFH ...... 365 12.6 Edwin B. Forsythe ...... Eufaula ...... 1 ...... Everglades Headwater ...... 140 365 17.3 Fallon ...... 3,883 ...... 129.2 Fish Springs ...... 21 ...... 0.7 Flint Hills ...... 50 ...... 1.7 Fort Niobrara ...... 60 ...... 2.0 Great Meadows ...... 178 ...... 5.9 Great River ...... 55 ...... 1.8 Hart Mountain ...... 100 ...... 3.3 Horicon ...... 110 ...... 3.7 Hutton Lake ...... 100 ...... 3.3 Iroquois ...... 160 ...... 5.3 John W. and Louise Seier ...... 200 ...... 6.7 John H. Chafee ...... 153 365 17.7 Jordan NFH ...... 17 ...... 0.6 Kirwin ...... 245 ...... 8.2 Kootenai ...... 50 1.7 LaCreek ...... 275 ...... 9.1 Laguna Atascosa ...... 75 ...... 2.5 Lamar NFH ...... 365 12.6 Leavenworth NFH ...... Lee Metcalf ...... 60 ...... 2.0 Leslie Canyon ...... 116 ...... 3.9 Little White Salmon NFH ...... 50 ...... 1.7

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TABLE 2—ESTIMATED MAXIMUM CHANGE IN RECREATION OPPORTUNITIES IN 2020–2021—Continued [Dollars in thousands]

Additional Additional Additional Station hunting days fishing days expenditures

Lower Rio Grande Valley ...... 48 ...... 1.6 Marais des Cygnes ...... 25 ...... 0.8 Mattamuskeet ...... 64 ...... 2.1 Merced ...... 50 ...... 1.7 Middle Mississippi River ...... 35 ...... 1.2 Minidoka ...... 100 ...... 3.3 Monte Vista ...... Montezuma ...... 211 ...... 7.0 Muscatatuck ...... 53 ...... 1.8 Nestucca Bay ...... 32 ...... 1.1 Ninigret ...... 46 ...... 1.5 North Platte ...... 27 ...... 0.9 Northern Tallgrass Prairie ...... 82 7 3.0 Ottawa ...... 20 ...... 0.7 Overflow ...... Oxbow ...... 207 ...... 6.9 Pahranagat ...... 99 ...... 3.3 Pathfinder ...... 20 ...... 0.7 Patoka River ...... 89 15 3.5 Quivira ...... 425 ...... 14.1 Rachel Carson ...... Rydell ...... 110 ...... 3.7 Sachuest Point ...... 30 ...... 1.0 San Diego Bay ...... 365 12.6 San Luis ...... 50 ...... 1.7 Savannah ...... 1,245 ...... 41.4 Seatuck ...... 90 ...... 3.0 Spring Creek NFH ...... 20 ...... 0.7 St. Marks ...... 520 ...... 17.3 St. Vincent ...... 300 ...... 10.0 Stewart B. McKinney ...... 262 ...... 8.7 Stillwater ...... 63 ...... 2.1 Swan River ...... 15 ...... 0.5 Swanquarter ...... 75 ...... 2.5 Tallahatchie ...... 172 ...... 5.7 Tennessee ...... 265 ...... 8.8 Tensas ...... 9 ...... 0.3 Tishomingo ...... 525 18.2 Trustom Pond ...... Turnbull ...... 120 ...... 4.0 Two Rivers ...... 162 ...... 5.4 Umbagog ...... 365 12.6 Union Slough ...... 15 ...... 0.5 Valentine ...... 750 ...... 25.0 Wapato Lake ...... 2,304 ...... 76.7 Wertheim ...... 81 ...... 2.7 Willapa ...... 492 ...... 16.4 Willard NFH ......

Total ...... 20,628 5,074 862.1

To the extent visitors spend time and participation of the Refuge System and maximum economic impact of money in the area of the station that the Hatchery System yields approximately $3.4 million (2019 they would not have spent there approximately $862,100 in recreation- dollars) (Southwick Associates, Inc., anyway, they contribute new income to related expenditures (see Table 2, 2018). Using a local impact multiplier the regional economy and benefit local above). By having ripple effects would yield more accurate and smaller businesses. Due to the unavailability of throughout the economy, these direct results. However, we employed the site-specific expenditure data, we use expenditures are only part of the national impact multiplier due to the the national estimates from the 2016 economic impact of these recreational difficulty in developing local National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, activities. Using a national impact multipliers for each specific region. and Wildlife Associated Recreation to multiplier for hunting activities (2.51) Since we know that most of the identify expenditures for food and derived from the report ‘‘Hunting in fishing and hunting occurs within 100 lodging, transportation, and other America: An Economic Force for miles of a participant’s residence, then incidental expenses. Using the average Conservation’’ and for fishing activities it is unlikely that most of this spending expenditures for these categories with (2.51) derived from the report will be ‘‘new’’ money coming into a the maximum expected additional ‘‘Sportfishing in America’’ yields a total local economy; therefore, this spending

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will be offset with a decrease in some stations, taxidermy shops, bait-and- in any region or nationally. As noted other sector of the local economy. The tackle shops, and similar businesses) previously, we expect at most $862,100 net gain to the local economies will be may be affected by some increased or to be spent in total in the refuges’ local no more than $3.4 million, and likely decreased station visitation. A large economies. The maximum increase will less. Since 80 percent of the participants percentage of these retail trade be less than four-tenths of 1 percent for travel less than 100 miles to engage in establishments in the local communities local retail trade spending (see Table 3, hunting and fishing activities, their around NWRs and NFHs qualify as below). Table 3 does not include entries spending patterns will not add new small businesses (see Table 3, below). for those NWRs and NFHs for which we money into the local economy and, We expect that the incremental project no changes in recreation recreational changes will be scattered, therefore, the real impact will be on the opportunities in 2020–2021; see Table 2, and so we do not expect that the rule order of about $680,000 annually. above. Small businesses within the retail will have a significant economic effect trade industry (such as hotels, gas on a substantial number of small entities

TABLE 3—COMPARATIVE EXPENDITURES FOR RETAIL TRADE ASSOCIATED WITH ADDITIONAL STATION VISITATION FOR 2020–2021 [Thousands, 2019 dollars]

Estimated Establishments Addition as with fewer than 10 Station/county(ies) Retail trade in maximum percent Establishments in 1 1 employees in 2012 addition from of total 2012 new activities 2012 1

Alamosa: Alamosa, CO ...... $312,549 $3.5 <0.01 85 62 Conejos, CO ...... 40,009 3.5 0.01 18 12 ARM Loxahatchee: Palm Beach, FL ...... 21,936,473 10.3 <0.01 5,236 3,925 Assabet River: Middlesex, MA ...... 23,767,638 6.5 <0.01 5,156 3,594 Balcones Canyonlands: Travis, TX ...... 17,352,705 0.3 <0.01 3,469 2,432 Burnet, TX ...... 687,767 0.3 <0.01 182 148 Williamson, TX ...... 9,559,523 0.3 <0.01 1,277 840 Bamforth: Albany, WY ...... 533,993 0.8 <0.01 141 103 Banks Lake: Lanier, GA ...... D 0.2 D 21 17 Berkshire NFH: Berkshire, MA ...... 2,134,074 12.6 <0.01 711 508 Big Branch Marsh: St. Tammany, LA ...... 3,953,819 1.3 <0.01 915 656 Bitter Lake: Chaves, NM ...... 996,707 0.5 <0.01 233 153 Block Island: Washington, RI ...... 1,865,967 2.2 <0.01 548 394 Bogue Chitto: St. Tammany, LA ...... 3,953,819 0.8 <0.01 915 656 Washington, LA ...... 330,750 0.8 <0.01 138 104 Pearl River, MS ...... 531,519 0.8 <0.01 172 128 Bombay Hook: Kent, DE ...... 2,996,217 14.3 <0.01 561 368 Bosque del Apache: Socorro, NM ...... 133,401 49.0 0.04 39 31 Browns Park: Moffat, CO ...... 224,866 1.3 <0.01 72 58 Buenos Aires: Pima, AZ ...... 12,668,688 3.3 <0.01 2,770 1,857 Buffalo Lake: Randall, TX ...... 2,009,993 0.4 <0.01 352 247 Cabeza Prieta: Yuma, AZ ...... 2,222,557 25.0 <0.01 449 302 Pima, AZ ...... 12,668,688 25.0 <0.01 2,770 1,857 Canaan Valley: Tucker, WV ...... 55,811 12.6 0.02 28 18 Cedar Island: Carteret, NC ...... 1,083,228 5.0 <0.01 363 276 Cibola: La Paz, AZ ...... 485,448 13.3 <0.01 81 57 Imperial, CA ...... 1,867,209 13.3 <0.01 446 297 Clarks River: Marshall, KY ...... 436,873 8.4 <0.01 103 54 Graves, KY ...... 449,527 8.4 <0.01 123 90 McCracken, KY ...... 1,824,502 8.4 <0.01 411 256 Cokeville Meadows:

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TABLE 3—COMPARATIVE EXPENDITURES FOR RETAIL TRADE ASSOCIATED WITH ADDITIONAL STATION VISITATION FOR 2020–2021—Continued [Thousands, 2019 dollars]

Estimated Establishments maximum Addition as Establishments in with fewer than 10 Station/county(ies) Retail trade in percent 1 1 employees in 2012 addition from of total 2012 new activities 2012 1

Lincoln, WY ...... 201,089 1.2 <0.01 79 54 Crab Orchard: Williamson, IL ...... 1,243,002 0.2 <0.01 271 185 Union, IL ...... 186,073 0.2 <0.01 64 47 Jackson, IL ...... 1,122,791 0.2 <0.01 225 143 Crescent Lake: Garden, NE ...... 13,232 27.4 0.21 12 8 Dahomey: Bolivar, MS ...... 413,290 5.7 <0.01 161 120 Deer Flat: Canyon, ID ...... 2,393,412 2.1 <0.01 485 351 Malheur, OR ...... 595,184 2.1 <0.01 120 78 Dwight D. Eisenhower NFH: Rutland, VT ...... 1,205,694 12.6 <0.01 411 303 Eufaula: Quitman, GA ...... 13,494 <0.1 <0.01 10 10 Stewart, GA ...... 19,042 <0.1 <0.01 15 15 Barbour, AL ...... 229,916 <0.1 <0.01 94 77 Russell, AL ...... 556,440 <0.1 <0.01 155 120 Everglades Headwater: Polk, FL ...... 7,232,622 8.7 <0.01 1,756 1,317 Okeechobee, FL ...... 565,749 8.7 <0.01 157 120 Fallon: Churchill, NV ...... 261,819 129.2 0.05 69 50 Fish Springs: Juab, UT ...... 127,530 0.7 <0.01 33 23 Flint Hills: Coffey, KS ...... 123,995 0.8 <0.01 50 35 Lyon, KS ...... 549,988 0.8 <0.01 162 121 Fort Niobrara: Cherry, NE ...... 97,237 2.0 <0.01 38 27 Great Meadows: Middlesex, MA ...... 23,767,638 5.9 <0.01 5,156 3,594 Great River: Pike, IL ...... 194,031 0.6 <0.01 53 36 Clark, MO ...... 130,470 0.6 <0.01 36 28 Shelby, MO ...... 65,630 0.6 <0.01 35 25 Hart Mountain: Lake, OR ...... 83,366 3.3 <0.01 30 22 Horicon: Dodge, WI ...... 927,521 1.8 <0.01 234 159 Fond du Lac, WI ...... 1,561,559 1.8 <0.01 354 225 Hutton Lake: Albany, WY ...... 533,993 3.3 <0.01 141 103 Iroquois: Genesee, NY ...... 874,965 2.7 <0.01 219 163 Orleans, NY ...... 281,049 2.7 <0.01 95 65 John W. and Louise Seier: Rock, NE ...... 7,556 6.7 0.09 7 5 John H. Chafee: Washington, RI ...... 1,865,967 17.7 <0.01 548 394 Jordan River NFH: Antrim, MI ...... 188,903 0.6 <0.01 88 77 Kirwin: Phillips, KS ...... 57,317 8.2 0.01 35 27 Kootenai: Boundary, ID ...... 111,427 1.7 <0.01 47 37 LaCreek: Bennett, SD ...... 36,017 9.1 0.03 15 9 Laguna Atascosa: Cameron, TX ...... 4,593,067 2.5 <0.01 1,119 758 Lamar NFH: Clinton, PA ...... 648,726 12.6 <0.01 121 82 Lee Metcalf: Ravalli, MT ...... 368,170 2.0 <0.01 166 124 Leslie Canyon: Cochise, AZ ...... 1,411,126 3.9 <0.01 408 301

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TABLE 3—COMPARATIVE EXPENDITURES FOR RETAIL TRADE ASSOCIATED WITH ADDITIONAL STATION VISITATION FOR 2020–2021—Continued [Thousands, 2019 dollars]

Estimated Establishments maximum Addition as Establishments in with fewer than 10 Station/county(ies) Retail trade in percent 1 1 employees in 2012 addition from of total 2012 new activities 2012 1

Little White Salmon NFH: Skamania, WA ...... 28,090 1.7 0.01 21 18 Lower Rio Grande Valley: Willacy, TX ...... 131,872 0.5 <0.01 32 24 Hildalgo, TX ...... 175,611 0.5 <0.01 26 20 Starr, TX ...... 484,809 0.5 <0.01 135 98 Marais des Cygnes: Linn, KS ...... 59,571 0.8 <0.01 35 25 Mattamuskeet: Hyde, NC ...... 33,868 2.1 0.01 36 35 Merced: Merced, CA ...... 2,181,912 1.7 <0.01 528 348 Middle Mississippi River: Monroe, IL ...... 536,378 0.4 <0.01 96 72 Randolph, IL ...... 415,738 0.4 <0.01 100 62 Jefferson, MO ...... 435,265 0.4 <0.01 128 92 Minidoka: Power, ID ...... 32,991 0.8 <0.01 16 13 Cassia, ID ...... 360,659 0.8 <0.01 116 89 Blaine, ID ...... 332,491 0.8 <0.01 183 153 Minidoka, ID ...... 175,875 0.8 <0.01 62 47 Montezuma: Cayuga, NY ...... 973,987 2.3 <0.01 260 195 Seneca, NY ...... 545,489 2.3 <0.01 183 114 Wayne, NY ...... 915,984 2.3 <0.01 267 181 Muscatatuck: Jackson, IN ...... 660,019 0.9 <0.01 183 140 Jennings, IN ...... 219,265 0.9 <0.01 66 58 Nestucca Bay: Lincoln, OR ...... 646,693 1.1 <0.01 307 251 Ninigret: Washington, RI ...... 1,865,967 1.5 <0.01 548 394 North Platte: Scotts Bluff, NE ...... D 0.9 D 178 128 Northern Tallgrass Prairie: Pipestone, MN ...... 150,875 1.0 <0.01 52 40 Pope, MN ...... 154,224 1.0 <0.01 41 32 Swift, MN ...... 104,292 1.0 <0.01 45 32 Ottawa: Ottawa, OH ...... 476,239 0.7 <0.01 144 109 Oxbow: Middlesex, MA ...... 23,767,638 3.4 <0.01 5,156 3,594 Worcester, MA ...... 12,155,780 3.4 <0.01 2,572 1,788 Pahranagat: Lincoln, NV ...... D 3.3 D 16 6 Pathfinder: Natrona, WY ...... 1,656,388 0.3 <0.01 363 262 Carbon, WY ...... 340,129 0.3 <0.01 86 73 Patoka River: Pike, IN ...... 80,767 1.7 <0.01 31 23 Gibson, IN ...... 620,865 1.7 <0.01 120 84 Quivira: Stafford, KS ...... 38,722 4.7 0.01 17 13 Rice, KS ...... 55,698 4.7 0.01 39 31 Reno, KS ...... 911,013 4.7 <0.01 265 194 Rydell: Polk, MN ...... 369,241 3.7 <0.01 109 74 Sachuest Point: Newport, RI ...... 1,243,192 1.0 <0.01 430 332 San Diego Bay: San Diego, CA ...... 44,302,582 12.6 <0.01 9,219 6,314 San Luis: Merced, CA ...... 2,181,912 1.7 <0.01 528 348 Savannah: Chatham, GA ...... 4,739,604 13.8 <0.01 1,198 851 Effingham, GA ...... 399,251 13.8 <0.01 108 79 Jasper, SC ...... 640,060 13.8 <0.01 104 80

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TABLE 3—COMPARATIVE EXPENDITURES FOR RETAIL TRADE ASSOCIATED WITH ADDITIONAL STATION VISITATION FOR 2020–2021—Continued [Thousands, 2019 dollars]

Estimated Establishments maximum Addition as Establishments in with fewer than 10 Station/county(ies) Retail trade in percent 1 1 employees in 2012 addition from of total 2012 new activities 2012 1

Seatuck: Suffolk, NY ...... 26,383,026 3.0 <0.01 6,524 3,904 Spring Creek NFH: Skamania, WA ...... 28,090 0.3 <0.01 21 18 Klickitat, WA ...... 71,785 0.3 <0.01 47 36 St. Marks: Wakulla, FL ...... 186,734 5.8 <0.01 62 49 Jefferson, FL ...... 98,784 5.8 0.01 43 35 Taylor, FL ...... 230,580 5.8 <0.01 86 67 St. Vincent: Franklin, FL ...... 108,995 10.0 0.01 67 52 Stewart B. McKinney: Fairfield, CT ...... 16,888,208 2.9 <0.01 3,459 2,453 New Haven, CT ...... 12,880,670 2.9 <0.01 2,901 2,015 Middlesex, CT ...... 2,452,586 2.9 <0.01 659 455 Stillwater: Churchill, NV ...... 261,819 2.1 <0.01 69 50 Swan River: Lake, MT ...... 66,984 0.5 <0.01 30 23 Swanquarter: Hyde, NC ...... 33,868 2.5 0.01 36 35 Tallahatchie: Tallahatchie, MS ...... 60,260 2.9 <0.01 40 36 Grenada, MS ...... 462,248 2.9 <0.01 120 90 Tennessee: Henry, TN ...... 545,041 2.2 <0.01 139 98 Benton, TN ...... 167,976 2.2 <0.01 59 47 Decator, TN ...... 85,132 2.2 <0.01 45 35 Hunphreys, TN ...... 206,806 2.2 <0.01 65 54 Tensas: Madison, LA ...... 176,886 0.1 <0.01 38 27 Richland, LA ...... 278,783 0.1 <0.01 65 49 Franklin, LA ...... 279,412 0.1 <0.01 78 55 Tensas, LA ...... 30,800 0.1 <0.01 15 14 Tishomingo: Johnston, OK ...... 68,010 9.1 0.01 35 31 Marshall, OK ...... 177,989 9.1 0.01 53 42 Turnbull: Spokane, WA ...... 7,305,612 4.0 <0.01 1,617 1,108 Two Rivers: Jersey, IL ...... 256,816 1.3 <0.01 69 49 Calhoun, IL ...... 30,438 1.3 <0.01 15 9 Greene, IL ...... 139,806 1.3 <0.01 49 32 St. Charlies, MO ...... 5,536,064 1.3 <0.01 1,085 695 Umbagog: Oxford, ME ...... 680,802 6.3 <0.01 222 163 Coos, NH ...... 630,944 6.3 <0.01 184 143 Union Slough: Kossuth, IA ...... 274,837 0.5 <0.01 93 69 Valentine: Cherry, NE ...... 97,237 25.0 0.03 38 27 Wapato Lake: Washington, OR ...... 9,342,147 38.3 <0.01 1,573 1,002 Yamhill, OR ...... 987,290 38.3 <0.01 283 201 Wertheim: Suffolk, NY ...... 26,383,026 2.7 <0.01 6,524 3,904 Willapa: Pacific, WA ...... 120,098 16.4 0.01 89 68 1 U.S. Census Bureau. ‘‘D’’ denotes sample size too small to report data.

With the small change in overall small impact from the spending change substantial number of small entities as spending stemming from this rule, it is near the affected stations. Therefore, we defined under the Regulatory Flexibility unlikely that a substantial number of certify that this final rule will not have Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.). A regulatory small entities will have more than a a significant economic effect on a flexibility analysis is not required.

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Accordingly, a small entity compliance implications. This final rule affects only information unless it displays a guide is not required. visitors at NWRs and NFHs, and currently valid OMB control number. describes what they can do while they The OMB has reviewed and approved Small Business Regulatory Enforcement are on a Service station. the information collection requirements Fairness Act associated with hunting and sport Federalism (E.O. 13132) This final rule is not a major rule fishing activities across the National under 5 U.S.C. 804(2), the Small As discussed under Regulatory Wildlife Refuge System and assigned Business Regulatory Enforcement Planning and Review and Unfunded the following OMB control numbers: Fairness Act. We anticipate no Mandates Reform Act, above, this rule • 1018–0140, ‘‘Hunting and Sport significant employment or small does not have sufficient federalism Fishing Application Forms and Activity business effects. This rule: implications to warrant the preparation Reports for National Wildlife Refuges, a. Will not have an annual effect on of a federalism summary impact 50 CFR 25.41, 25.43, 25.51, 26.32, 26.33, the economy of $100 million or more. statement under E.O. 13132. In 27.42, 30.11, 31.15, 32.1 to 32.72’’ The minimal impact will be scattered preparing this rule, we worked with (Expires 07/30/2021), across the country and will most likely State governments. • 1018–0102, ‘‘National Wildlife not be significant in any local area. Refuge Special Use Permit Applications Civil Justice Reform (E.O. 12988) b. Will not cause a major increase in and Reports, 50 CFR 25, 26, 27, 29, 30, costs or prices for consumers; In accordance with E.O. 12988, the 31, 32, & 36’’ (Expires 08/31/2020), individual industries; Federal, State, or Department of the Interior has • 1018–0135, ‘‘Electronic Federal local government agencies; or determined that this rule does not Duck Stamp Program’’ (Expires 01/31/ geographic regions. This final rule will unduly burden the judicial system and 2023), have only a slight effect on the costs of that it meets the requirements of • 1018–0093, ‘‘Federal Fish and hunting opportunities for Americans. If sections 3(a) and 3(b)(2) of the Order. Wildlife Permit Applications and the substitute sites are farther from the Reports—Management Authority; 50 Energy Supply, Distribution or Use (E.O. participants’ residences, then an CFR 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 22, 23’’ (Expires 13211) increase in travel costs will occur. The 08/31/2020), and Service does not have information to On May 18, 2001, the President issued • 1024–0252, ‘‘The Interagency quantify this change in travel cost but E.O. 13211 on regulations that Access Pass and Senior Pass assumes that, since most people travel significantly affect energy supply, Application Processes’’ (Expires 08/31/ less than 100 miles to hunt, the distribution, and use. E.O. 13211 2020). increased travel cost will be small. We requires agencies to prepare Statements Endangered Species Act Section 7 do not expect this rule to affect the of Energy Effects when undertaking Consultation supply or demand for hunting certain actions. Because this final rule opportunities in the United States, and, adds 8 NWRs and 41 limited-easement We comply with section 7 of the therefore, it should not affect prices for NWRs to the list of refuges open to Endangered Species Act of 1973, as hunting equipment and supplies, or the hunting and sport fishing, opens or amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), when retailers that sell equipment. expands hunting or sport fishing at 89 developing CCPs and step-down c. Will not have significant adverse other NWRs, and opens 9 NFHs to management plans—which would effects on competition, employment, hunting and/or sport fishing, it is not a include hunting and/or fishing plans— investment, productivity, innovation, or significant regulatory action under E.O. for public use of refuges and hatcheries, the ability of U.S.-based enterprises to 12866, and we do not expect it to and prior to implementing any new or compete with foreign-based enterprises. significantly affect energy supplies, revised public recreation program on a This rule represents only a small distribution, or use. Therefore, this station as identified in 50 CFR 26.32. proportion of recreational spending at action is not a significant energy action, We have completed section 7 NWRs. Therefore, this final rule will and no Statement of Energy Effects is consultation on each of the affected have no measurable economic effect on required. stations. the wildlife-dependent industry, which Consultation and Coordination With National Environmental Policy Act has annual sales of equipment and Indian Tribal Governments (E.O. 13175) travel expenditures of $72 billion We analyzed this rule in accordance nationwide. In accordance with E.O. 13175, we with the criteria of the National have evaluated possible effects on Environmental Policy Act of 1969 Unfunded Mandates Reform Act federally recognized Indian tribes and (NEPA) (42 U.S.C. 4332(C)), 43 CFR part Since this rule applies to public use have determined that there are no 46, and 516 Departmental Manual (DM) of federally owned and managed effects. We coordinate recreational use 8. refuges, it will not impose an unfunded on NWRs and NFHs with Tribal A categorical exclusion from NEPA mandate on State, local, or Tribal governments having adjoining or documentation applies to publication of governments or the private sector of overlapping jurisdiction before we amendments to station-specific hunting more than $100 million per year. The finalize the regulations. and fishing regulations because they are final rule does not have a significant or technical and procedural in nature, and Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) unique effect on State, local, or Tribal the environmental effects are too broad, governments or the private sector. A This final rule does not contain any speculative, or conjectural to lend statement containing the information new collections of information that themselves to meaningful analysis (43 required by the Unfunded Mandates require approval by the Office of CFR 46.210 and 516 DM 8). Concerning Reform Act (2 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) is not Management and Budget (OMB). All the actions that are the subject of this required. information collections require approval rulemaking, we have complied with under the Paperwork Reduction Act of NEPA at the project level when Takings (E.O. 12630) 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). We may developing each station’s regulatory In accordance with E.O. 12630, this not conduct or sponsor and you are not changes. This is consistent with the rule does not have significant takings required to respond to a collection of Department of the Interior instructions

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for compliance with NEPA where North Carolina, South Carolina, Subchapter C—The National Wildlife Refuge actions are covered sufficiently by an Tennessee, Puerto Rico, and the System earlier environmental document (43 Virgin Islands. Regional Chief, PART 32—HUNTING AND FISHING CFR 46.120). National Wildlife Refuge System, U.S. Prior to the addition of a refuge or Fish and Wildlife Service, 1875 ■ 1. The authority citation for part 32 hatchery to the list of areas open to Century Boulevard, Atlanta, GA continues to read as follows: hunting and fishing in 50 CFR parts 32 30345; Telephone (404) 679–7166. and 71, we develop hunting and fishing Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 16 U.S.C. 460k, plans for the affected stations. We Connecticut, Delaware, District of 664, 668dd–668ee, and 715i; Pub. L. 115–20, incorporate these proposed station Columbia, Maine, Maryland, 131 Stat. 86. hunting and fishing activities in the Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New ■ 2. Amend § 32.7 by: station CCP and/or other step-down Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, ■ a. Redesignating paragraph (c)(8) as management plans, pursuant to our Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and paragraph (c)(9) and adding a new refuge planning guidance in 602 Fish West Virginia. Regional Chief, paragraph (c)(8); and Wildlife Service Manual (FW) 1, 3, National Wildlife Refuge System, U.S. ■ b. Redesignating paragraphs (e)(17) and 4. We prepare these CCPs and step- Fish and Wildlife Service, 300 through (22) as paragraphs (e)(18) down plans in compliance with section Westgate Center Drive, Hadley, MA through (23) and adding a new 102(2)(C) of NEPA, the Council on 01035–9589; Telephone (413) 253– paragraph (e)(17); Environmental Quality’s regulations for 8307. ■ c. Redesignating paragraphs (i)(5) implementing NEPA in 40 CFR parts through (14) as paragraphs (i)(6) through 1500 through 1508, and the Department Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, (15) and adding a new paragraph (i)(5); of Interior’s NEPA regulations 43 CFR North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, ■ d. Redesignating paragraphs (aa)(4) part 46. We invited the affected public and Wyoming. Regional Chief, through (6) as paragraphs (aa)(5) to participate in the review, National Wildlife Refuge System, U.S. through (7) and adding a new paragraph development, and implementation of Fish and Wildlife Service, 134 Union (aa)(4); these plans. Copies of all plans and Blvd., Lakewood, CO 80228; ■ e. Redesignating paragraphs (bb)(3) NEPA compliance are available from the Telephone (303) 236–8145. through (6) as paragraphs (bb)(4) stations at the addresses provided Alaska. Regional Chief, National through (7) and adding a new paragraph below. Wildlife Refuge System, U.S. Fish and (bb)(3); ■ f. Revising paragraph (hh); Available Information for Specific Wildlife Service, 1011 E. Tudor Rd., ■ g. Redesignating paragraph (kk)(20) as Stations Anchorage, AK 99503; Telephone (907) 786–3545. paragraph (kk)(21) and adding a new Individual refuge and hatchery paragraph (kk)(20); headquarters have information about California and Nevada. Regional Chief, ■ h. Redesignating paragraphs (mm)(2) public use programs and conditions that National Wildlife Refuge System, U.S. through (4) as paragraphs (mm)(3) apply to their specific programs and Fish and Wildlife Service, 2800 through (5) and adding a new paragraph maps of their respective areas. We have Cottage Way, Room W–2606, (mm)(2); and also created the following website to Sacramento, CA 95825; Telephone ■ i. Redesignating paragraphs (xx)(1) house all NEPA documents for the (916) 414–6464. through (5) as paragraphs (xx)(2) openings and expansions in this rule through (6) and adding a new paragraph Primary Author from each refuge: https://www.fws.gov/ (xx)(1). refuges/hunting/rules-regulations-and- Katherine Harrigan, Division of The additions and revision read as improved-access/. To find out how to Natural Resources and Conservation follows: contact a specific refuge or hatchery, contact the appropriate Service office Planning, National Wildlife Refuge § 32.7 What refuge units are open to for the States listed below: System, is the primary author of this hunting and/or sport fishing? Hawaii, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. rulemaking document. * * * * * Regional Chief, National Wildlife List of Subjects (c) * * * Refuge System, U.S. Fish and Wildlife (8) Leslie Canyon National Wildlife Service, Eastside Federal Complex, 50 CFR Part 32 Refuge. Suite 1692, 911 NE 11th Avenue, Fishing, Hunting, Reporting and * * * * * Portland, OR 97232–4181; Telephone (e) * * * recordkeeping requirements, Wildlife, (503) 231–6214. (17) San Diego Bay National Wildlife Wildlife refuges. Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Refuge. Texas. Regional Chief, National 50 CFR Part 36 * * * * * Wildlife Refuge System, U.S. Fish and (i) * * * Wildlife Service, P.O. Box 1306, 500 Alaska, Recreation and recreation (5) Everglades Headwaters National Gold Avenue SW, Albuquerque, NM areas, Reporting and recordkeeping Wildlife Refuge. 87103; Telephone (505) 248–6937. requirements, Wildlife refuges. * * * * * Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, (aa) * * * Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, and 50 CFR Part 71 (4) John W. and Louise Seier National Wisconsin. Regional Chief, National Fish, Fishing, Hunting, Wildlife. Wildlife Refuge. Wildlife Refuge System, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 5600 American Regulation Promulgation * * * * * Blvd. West, Suite 990, Bloomington, (bb) * * * MN 55437–1458; Telephone (612) For the reasons set forth in the (3) Fallon National Wildlife Refuge. 713–5360. preamble, we amend title 50, chapter I, * * * * * Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, subchapters C and E of the Code of (hh) North Dakota. (1) Appert Lake Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Federal Regulations as follows: National Wildlife Refuge.

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(2) Ardoch National Wildlife Refuge. (39) Lords Lake National Wildlife ■ 3. Amend § 32.22 by: (3) Arrowwood National Wildlife Refuge. ■ a. Revising paragraphs (b), (c), (d)(1) Refuge. (40) Lost Lake National Wildlife introductory text, (d)(1)(i), (d)(1)(iv), (4) Arrowwood Wetland Management Refuge. (d)(2)(i) and (ii), (d)(3), and (d)(4); District. (41) Lostwood National Wildlife ■ b. Redesignating paragraph (h) as (5) Audubon National Wildlife Refuge. paragraph (i); and Refuge. (42) Lostwood Wetland Management ■ c. Adding a new paragraph (h). (6) Audubon Wetland Management District. The revisions and addition read as District. (43) Maple River National Wildlife follows: (7) Bone Hill National Wildlife Refuge. Refuge. (44) Pleasant Lake National Wildlife § 32.22 Arizona. (8) Brumba National Wildlife Refuge. Refuge. * * * * * (9) Buffalo Lake National Wildlife (45) Pretty Rock National Wildlife (b)Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge. Refuge. Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird (10) Camp Lake National Wildlife (46) Rabb Lake National Wildlife hunting.We allow hunting of goose, Refuge. Refuge. duck, coot, merganser, moorhen (11) Canefield Lake National Wildlife (47) Rock Lake National Wildlife (gallinule), common snipe, and Refuge. Refuge. mourning, white-winged, and Eurasian (12) Chase Lake National Wildlife (48) Rose Lake National Wildlife collared-dove on designated areas of the Refuge. Refuge. refuge subject to the following (13) Chase Lake Wetland Management (49) School Section National Wildlife conditions: District. Refuge. (i) We allow portable or temporary (50) Sheyenne Lake National Wildlife (14) Cottonwood Lake National blinds and stands, but you must remove Refuge. Wildlife Refuge. them at the end of each day’s hunt (see (15) Crosby Wetland Management (51) Sibley Lake National Wildlife Refuge. § 27.93 of this chapter). District. (ii) We prohibit falconry. (16) Dakota Lake National Wildlife (52) Silver Lake National Wildlife Refuge. (iii) We allow dogs only for the Refuge. retrieval of birds. (17) Des Lacs National Wildlife (53) Slade National Wildlife Refuge. (54) Snyder Lake National Wildlife (2)Upland game hunting.We allow Refuge. hunting of black-tailed and antelope (18) Devils Lake Wetland Refuge. (55) Springwater National Wildlife jackrabbit; cottontail rabbit; badger; Management District. bobcat; coati; kit and gray fox; raccoon; (19) Half Way Lake National Wildlife Refuge. (56) Stewart Lake National Wildlife ringtail; coyote; and hog-nosed, hooded, Refuge. Refuge. spotted, and striped skunk on (20) Hiddenwood Lake National (57) Stoney Slough National Wildlife designated areas of the refuge subject to Wildlife Refuge. Refuge. the following conditions: (21) Hobart Lake National Wildlife (58) Storm Lake National Wildlife (i) The conditions set forth at Refuge. Refuge. paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this (22) Hutchinson Lake National (59) Sunburst Lake National Wildlife section apply. Wildlife Refuge. Refuge. (ii) We prohibit night hunting from 1⁄2 (23) J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife (60) Tewaukon National Wildlife hour after legal sunset until 1⁄2 hour Refuge. Refuge. (24) J. Clark Salyer Wetland before legal sunrise the following day. (61) Tewaukon Wetland Management (3)Big game hunting.We allow Management District. District. hunting of mule and white-tailed deer, (25) Johnson Lake National Wildlife (62) Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge. javelina, mountain lion, and feral hog Refuge. on designated areas of the refuge subject (26) Kulm Wetland Management (63) Upper Souris National Wildlife District. to the following conditions: Refuge. (i) The conditions set forth at (27) Lake Alice National Wildlife (64) Wild Rice National Wildlife Refuge. paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (b)(2)(ii) of this Refuge. section apply. (28) Lake George National Wildlife (65) Willow Lake National Wildlife Refuge. (ii) We prohibit the use of dogs when Refuge. hunting big game. (29) Lake Ilo National Wildlife Refuge. (66) Wintering River National Wildlife (30) Lake National Wildlife Refuge. (4) [Reserved] Refuge. (c)Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife (31) Lake Nettie National Wildlife (67) Wood Lake National Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird Refuge. Refuge. (32) Lake Otis National Wildlife hunting. We allow hunting of mourning * * * * * dove on designated areas of the refuge Refuge. (kk) * * * (33) Lake Patricia National Wildlife subject to the following conditions: (20) Wapato Lake National Wildlife (i) We require hunters to obtain a Refuge. Refuge. (34) Lake Zahl National Wildlife Barry M. Goldwater Range Entry Permit Refuge. * * * * * (Department of Defense form/ (35) Lambs Lake National Wildlife (mm) * * * requirement) from the refuge. Refuge. (2) John H. Chafee National Wildlife (ii) We prohibit falconry. (36) Little Goose Lake National Refuge. (iii) We allow dogs only for the Wildlife Refuge. * * * * * pointing and retrieval of birds. (37) Long Lake National Wildlife (xx) * * * (iv) We allow hunting only during the Refuge. (1) Bamforth National Wildlife late season dove hunt. (38) Long Lake Wetland Management Refuge. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow District. * * * * * hunting of Gambel’s quail, Eurasian

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collared-dove, desert cottontail rabbit, (i) We prohibit falconry. ■ 5. Amend § 32.24 by: antelope and black-tailed jackrabbit, (ii) We prohibit the use of dogs. ■ a. Revising paragraphs (l)(1) coyote, bobcat, and fox in designated (iii) We prohibit pneumatic weapons. introductory text, (m)(1)(viii), and areas of the refuge subject to the (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (m)(2)(i); following conditions: hunting of Gambel’s and scaled quail; ■ b. Redesignating paragraphs (q) (i) The conditions set forth at cottontail; black-tailed jackrabbit; gray through (v) as paragraphs (r) through paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (iii) of this fox; coati; badger; striped, hooded, (w); section apply. spotted, and hog-nosed skunk; bobcat; ■ c. Adding a new paragraph (q); and (ii) We do not allow wheeled carts in raccoon; ring-tailed cat; and coyote on ■ d. Revising newly redesignated designated Wilderness. designated areas of the refuge subject to paragraphs (r)(1)(vii), (s)(2)(ii), and (iii) We prohibit night hunting from the following conditions: (v)(2)(ii). 1⁄2 hour after legal sunset until 1⁄2 hour (i) The conditions set forth at The revisions and addition read as before legal sunrise the following day. paragraphs (h)(1)(i) through (iii) of this follows: (3)Big game hunting.We allow section apply. § 32.24 California. hunting of desert bighorn sheep, mule (ii) We prohibit night hunting. deer, and mountain lion on designated (iii) We will allow hunting of these * * * * * (l) * * * areas of the refuge subject to the upland game species only when the (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We following conditions: State season dates overlap with a allow hunting of goose, duck, coot, (i) The conditions set forth at general or archery State deer and/or snipe, and moorhen on designated areas paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (c)(2)(ii) of this javelina hunt season. of the refuge subject to the following section apply. (3) Big game hunting. We allow conditions: (ii) We require Special Use Permits for hunting of mule deer, white-tailed deer, all hunters (FWS Form 3–1383–G), javelina, and black bear on designated * * * * * guides (FWS Form 3–1383–C), and stock areas of the refuge subject to the (m) * * * animals (FWS Form 3–1383–G). following conditions: (1) * * * (iii) We prohibit the use of dogs when (i) The conditions set forth at (viii) Hunters must enter and exit the hunting big game. hunting area from the three designated paragraphs (h)(2)(i) and (ii) of this 1 (4) [Reserved] section apply. hunt parking lots, which we open 1 ⁄2 (d) * * * (ii) We will allow hunting of black hours before legal sunrise and close 1 (1)Migratory game bird hunting.We bear only when the State season dates hour after legal sunset each hunt day. allow hunting of goose, duck, coot, overlap with a general or archery State * * * * * moorhen (gallinule), common snipe, deer and/or javelina hunt season. (2) * * * mourning and white-winged dove, and (4) [Reserved] (i) We limit hunting to junior hunters Eurasian collared-dove on designated possessing a valid State Junior Hunting * * * * * areas of the refuge subject to the License and refuge Junior Pheasant following conditions: ■ 4. Amend § 32.23 by revising Hunt Permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt (i) We allow only shotgun and paragraphs (d)(1) introductory text, Application—National Wildlife Refuge archery. (d)(1)(ii), (v), and (vii), and (g)(1) System). introductory text to read as follows: * * * * * * * * * * (iv) The Hart Mine Marsh area is open § 32.23 Arkansas. (q) San Diego Bay National Wildlife to entry from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. from * * * * * Refuge. (1)–(3) [Reserved] October 1 through March 14. (d) * * * (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport * * * * * (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We fishing from boats and other flotation (2) * * * allow hunting of waterfowl (ducks, devices on designated areas of the (i) For cottontail rabbit, we allow only mergansers, and coots) on designated refuge subject to the following shotgun, archery, handgun, rifle, and areas of the refuge subject to the condition: We prohibit shoreline muzzleloader. following conditions: fishing. (ii) For quail, we allow only shotgun, (r) * * * * * * * * archery, and handgun shooting shot. (1) * * * (ii) We allow waterfowl hunting from * * * * * (vii) We prohibit the use of motorized legal shooting hours until 12 p.m. boats and other flotation devices in the (3) Big game hunting. We allow (noon). hunting of mule deer on designated free-roam units with the exception of * * * * * areas of the refuge subject to the the Freitas Unit. (v) Waterfowl hunters may enter the following condition: We allow rifle, * * * * * North Unit, Jack’s Bay Hunt Area, and shotgun, handgun, muzzleloader, and (s) * * * Levee Hunt Area no earlier than 4 a.m. archery, except for archery-only hunts. (2) * * * (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport * * * * * (ii) The conditions set forth at fishing and frogging subject to the (vii) We allow waterfowl hunting on paragraphs (s)(1)(ii) and (iii) of this following condition: Cibola Lake is open outlying tracts; paragraph (d)(1)(v) of section apply. to fishing and frogging from March 15 this section applies. * * * * * through September 30. * * * * * (v) * * * * * * * * (g) * * * (2) * * * (h) Leslie Canyon National Wildlife (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We (ii) The conditions set forth at Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird allow hunting of American woodcock, paragraphs (v)(1)(i) through (viii) of this hunting. We allow hunting of mourning, duck, goose, and coot on designated section apply. white-winged, and Eurasian collared- areas of the refuge subject to the * * * * * dove on designated areas of the refuge following conditions: ■ 6. Amend § 32.25 by revising subject to the following conditions: * * * * * paragraph (a)(2), adding paragraph

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(a)(4), and revising paragraphs (d)(3) of the refuge subject to the following rabbit, ring-necked pheasant, bobwhite and (e)(2) to read as follows: condition: The conditions set forth at quail, raccoon, opossum, coyote, and paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (ii) of this red fox on designated areas of the refuge § 32.25 Colorado. section apply. subject to the following condition: The * * * * * (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport condition set forth at paragraph (a) * * * fishing on designated areas of the refuge (a)(1)(iii) of this section applies. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow subject to the following conditions: (3) Big game hunting. We allow hunting of cottontail rabbit, and black- (i) The condition set forth at hunting of turkey and deer on tailed and white-tailed jackrabbit, on paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section designated areas of the refuge subject to designated areas of the refuge subject to applies. the following conditions: the following condition: The only (ii) We prohibit launching of (i) We require a refuge permit (FWS acceptable methods of take are shotgun, motorboats from the refuge. Form 3–2439, Hunt Application— rifle firing rimfire cartridges less than (iii) We prohibit the use of reptiles National Wildlife Refuge System). .23 caliber, hand-held bow, pellet gun, and amphibians as bait. (ii) Hunting on the headquarters deer slingshot, and hawking/falconry. (b) Stewart B. McKinney National hunt area will be by lottery. You must * * * * * Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game obtain and possess a refuge permit (FWS (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport bird hunting. We allow hunting of duck, Form 3–2439, Hunt Application— fishing on designated areas of the refuge coot, merganser, brant, sea duck, and National Wildlife Refuge System) from subject to the following condition: We goose on designated areas of the refuge the refuge office or website and have the prohibit launching or removing any type subject to the following conditions: permit in your possession while of watercraft from the refuge on the Rio (i) For the Great Meadows unit, we hunting. Grande or Chicago Ditch. will limit hunt days to Tuesdays, (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport * * * * * Wednesdays, and Saturdays during the fishing on designated areas of the refuge (d) * * * regular duck, sea duck, and brant subject to the following condition: We (3) Big game hunting. We allow seasons. prohibit the use of lead fishing tackle on hunting of pronghorn antelope, moose, (ii) We allow the use of dogs the refuge. mule deer, and elk on designated areas consistent with State regulations. (b) Prime Hook National Wildlife of the refuge. (iii) We allow the use of temporary Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird tree stands and blinds, which must be hunting. We allow the hunting of * * * * * removed at the end of each day’s hunt waterfowl, coot, mourning dove, snipe, (e) * * * (see § 27.93 of this chapter). and woodcock on designated areas of (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (2) [Reserved] the refuge subject to the following hunting of cottontail rabbit, and black- (3) Big game hunting. We allow conditions: tailed and white-tailed jackrabbit, on archery hunting of white-tailed deer and (i) You must obtain and possess a designated areas of the refuge subject to wild turkey on designated areas of the refuge permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt the following condition: The only refuge subject to the following Application—National Wildlife Refuge acceptable methods of take are shotgun, condition: The condition set forth at System) from the refuge office or rifle firing rimfire cartridges less than paragraph (b)(1)(iii) of this section website and have the permit in your .23 caliber, hand-held bow, pellet gun, applies. possession while hunting. slingshot, and hawking/falconry. (4) [Reserved] (ii) You must complete and return a * * * * * ■ 8. Revise § 32.27 to read as follows: Migratory Bird Hunt Report (FWS Form ■ 7. Revise § 32.26 to read as follows: 3–2361), available at the refuge § 32.27 Delaware. administration office or on the refuge’s § 32.26 Connecticut. The following refuge units are open website, within 15 days of the close of The following refuge units are open for hunting and/or fishing as governed the season. for hunting and/or fishing as governed by applicable Federal and State (iii) We allow State certified hunters by applicable Federal and State regulations and are listed in with disabilities hunting privileges in regulations, and are listed in alphabetical order with additional the Disabled Waterfowl Draw Area alphabetical order with additional refuge-specific regulations. subject to the following condition: We refuge-specific regulations. (a) Bombay Hook National Wildlife do not allow assistants to enter a (a) Silvio O. Conte National Fish and Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird designated disabled hunting area unless Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game hunting. We allow hunting of migratory they are accompanied by a certified bird hunting. We allow hunting of game birds on designated areas of the disabled hunter. migratory game birds on designated refuge subject to the following (iv) We allow the use of dogs areas of the refuge subject to the conditions: consistent with State regulations. following conditions: (i) We require a refuge permit (FWS (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (i) We allow refuge access 11⁄2 hours Form 3–2439, Hunt Application— hunting of rabbit, quail, pheasant, and prior to legal sunrise until 11⁄2 hours National Wildlife Refuge System) for red fox on designated areas of the refuge after legal sunset. waterfowl hunting. subject to the following condition: The (ii) We allow the use of dogs (ii) You must complete and return a conditions set forth at paragraphs consistent with State regulations. Migratory Bird Hunt Report (FWS Form (b)(1)(i) and (iv) of this section apply. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow 3–2361), available at the refuge (3) Big game hunting. We allow hunting of upland game on designated administration office or on the refuge’s hunting of white-tailed deer and turkey areas of the refuge subject to the website, within 15 days of the close of on designated areas of the refuge subject following condition: The conditions set the season. to the following conditions: forth at paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (ii) of (iii) We allow the use of dogs (i) We prohibit organized deer drives. this section apply. consistent with State regulations. We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an (3) Big game hunting. We allow (2) Upland game hunting. We allow organized or planned effort to pursue, hunting of big game on designated areas hunting of grey squirrel, cottontail drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or

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cause deer to move in the direction of Interior. We allow only one motorized (3) Big game hunting. We allow any person(s) who is part of the vessel per party. hunting of alligator, white-tailed deer, organized or planned hunt and known (iii) Hunters may only enter and leave and feral hog on designated areas of the to be waiting for the deer. the refuge at designated entrances. refuge subject to the following (ii) Hunting on the headquarters deer (iv) We allow only temporary blinds conditions: hunt area will be by lottery. of native vegetation. (i) The conditions set forth at (iii) The condition set forth at (v) Hunters must remove decoys and paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (iii), (v) through paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section other personal property from the (vii), and (x) and (xi) of this section applies. hunting area at the end of each day’s apply. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter). (ii) We prohibit hunting from all 1 fishing and crabbing on designated areas (vi) Hunters may only use boats refuge structures and levees; within ⁄2 of the refuge subject to the following equipped with factory-manufactured, mile of canoe trails, campsites, and boat conditions: water-cooled outboard motors; boats ramps; and in areas posted as closed. (i) On Turkle and Fleetwood ponds, with electric motors; and nonmotorized We allow motorized vessels in the we allow boats only with electric Motorized Zone, south of latitude line boats. We prohibit boats with air-cooled ° trolling motors. engines, fan boats, hovercraft, and 26 27.130. We allow alligator hunting in (ii) You must attend all crabbing and the Motorized Zone and perimeter canal personal watercraft (jet skis, jet boats, ° fishing gear at all times. wave runners, etc.). We allow airboats south of latitude line 26 27.130. We (iii) You must remove all personal by permit only (Special Use Permit allow nonmotorized vessels in the property at the end of each day’s fishing (FWS Form 3–1383–G)). We will issue Refuge Interior. We allow only one activity (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this airboat permits through a separate motorized vessel per party. (iii) We allow alligator hunting on the chapter). lottery. There is a 35 miles per hour refuge 1 hour before legal sunset on ■ 9. Amend § 32.28 by: (mph) speed limit in all waters of the Friday night through 1 hour after legal ■ a. Revising paragraph (a); refuge. A 500-foot (150-meter) ‘‘idle sunrise Saturday morning, and 1 hour ■ b. Redesignating paragraphs (e) speed zone’’ is at each of the refuge’s before legal sunset on Saturday night through (n) as paragraphs (f) through (o); three boat ramps. through 1 hour after legal sunrise ■ c. Adding a new paragraph (e); (vii) Hunters operating boats in the ■ d. Revising newly redesignated Sunday morning. We allow alligator Refuge Interior, outside of the perimeter hunting the first two weekends during paragraphs (i)(2)(i) and (i)(3)(i); canal, are required to display a 10- ■ Harvest Period 1 (August) and the first e. In newly redesignated paragraph (j): inches by 12-inches (25-centimeters by ■ two weekends during Harvest Period 2 i. Revising paragraphs (j)(1)(ii) and (x); 30-centimeters) orange flag 10 feet (3 ■ (September). Following the close of ii. Adding paragraph (j)(1)(xi); meters) above the vessel’s waterline. ■ iii. Revising paragraphs (j)(3)(iv) Harvest Period 2, the remaining (viii) We will allow the use of airboats through (viii) and (x); weekends in October will be open for for a limited number of duck and coot ■ iv. Removing paragraph (j)(3)(xiv); alligator harvest permittees who possess hunters by permit (Special Use Permit ■ v. Redesignating paragraphs (j)(3)(xv) unused CITES tags (OMB Control No. (FWS Form 3–1383–G)) during Phase 2 through (xix) as paragraphs (j)(3)(xiv) 1018–0093). Specific dates for the of the State duck and coot season only. through (xviii); alligator hunt are on the harvest permit ■ vi. Revising newly redesignated We will issue airboat permits through a issued by the State. paragraphs (j)(3)(xv) and (j)(3)(xviii); separate lottery. Contact the Refuge (iv) Alligator hunters age 18 and older and headquarters for airboat permitting must be in possession of all necessary ■ f. Revising newly redesignated information. State and Federal licenses, permits, and paragraphs (m)(2)(iii) and (vii), (m)(3) (ix) Motorized vessels used while CITES tags, as well as a signed refuge introductory text, (m)(3)(i), (ii), (iv), hunting must be stopped and shut off hunt permit (signed brochure) while (viii) and (ix), and (n)(3)(vii). for 15 minutes prior to shooting. hunting on the refuge. They must The revisions and additions read as Permitted motorized vessels must be in possess an Alligator Trapping License follows: place 1 hour before legal sunrise and not with CITES tag or an Alligator Trapping move until 1 hour after legal sunrise. Agent License (State-issued), if § 32.28 Florida. (x) All hunters must leave the hunt applicable. * * * * * area once their bag/tag limit has been (v) Persons younger than age 18 may (a) Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee reached. not hunt but may only accompany an National Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory (xi) We prohibit unrestricted airboat adult age 21 or older who possesses an game bird hunting. We allow hunting of travel not associated with hunting. Alligator Trapping Agent License (State- duck and coot on designated areas of the (xii) All hunters younger than age 18 issued). refuge subject to the following must be supervised by a licensed and (vi) You may take alligators using conditions: permitted adult age 21 or older, and hand-held snare, harpoon, gig, snatch (i) You must possess and carry a must remain with the adult while hook, artificial lure, manually operated signed current refuge hunt permit hunting. Hunters younger than age 18 spear, spear gun, or crossbow. We (signed brochure) while hunting. You must have completed a hunter prohibit the taking of alligators using must have on your person all applicable education course. baited hook, baited wooden peg, or licenses and permits. (xiii) No entry and/or limited activity firearm. We allow the use of bang sticks (ii) We prohibit hunting from all buffer zones or closures may be created (a hand-held pole with a pistol or refuge structures, canals, and levees; to protect endangered or threatened shotgun cartridge on the end in a very within 1⁄2 mile of canoe trails, species and other species. short barrel) with approved nontoxic campsites, and boat ramps; and in areas (xiv) Licenses, permits, equipment, ammunition (see § 32.2(k)) only for posted as closed. We allow motorized and effects and vehicles, vessels, and taking alligators attached to a restraining vessels in the Motorized Zone, south of other conveyances are subject to line. Once an alligator is captured, it latitude line 26°27.130. We allow inspection by law enforcement officers. must be killed immediately. We prohibit nonmotorized vessels in the Refuge (2) [Reserved] catch-and-release of alligators. Once the

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alligator is dead, you must lock a CITES engines, fan boats, hovercraft, and areas of the refuge in accordance with tag through the skin of the carcass personal watercraft (jet skis, jet boats, State regulations and applicable State within 6 inches (15.2 centimeters) of the wave runners, etc.). We allow the use of Wildlife Management Area regulations. tip of the tail. The tag must remain airboats by permit only (Special Use (3) Big game hunting. We allow big attached to the alligator at all times. Permit (FWS Form 3–1383–G)). Airboat game hunting on designated areas of the (vii) We allow the use of airboats for permits will be issued through a refuge in accordance with State a limited number of alligator hunters by separate lottery. Contact the refuge regulations and applicable State permit (Special Use Permit (FWS Form headquarters for airboat permitting Wildlife Management Area regulations. 3–1383–G)). Airboat permits will be information. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport issued through a separate lottery. (iii) We allow motorized vessels in the fishing on designated areas of the refuge Contact the refuge headquarters for Motorized Zone, south of latitude line in accordance with State regulations airboat permitting information. 26°27.130, and perimeter canal. We and applicable State Wildlife (viii) Alligators must remain in whole allow only nonmotorized vessels in the Management Area regulations. condition while on refuge lands. Non Motorized Watercraft Zone, * * * * * (ix) We allow a limited quota permit northern portion of Refuge Interior. (i) * * * for the taking of white-tailed deer and (iv) Anglers operating boats in the (2) * * * incidental take of feral hog in the Refuge Refuge Interior, outside of the perimeter (i) The conditions set forth at Interior, by airboat (requires Special Use canal, are required to display a 10- paragraphs (i)(1)(i) through (viii) of this Permit (FWS Form 3–1383–G)) and inches by 12-inches (25 cm x 30 cm) section apply. nonmotorized vessels only. Airboat orange flag 10-feet (3 meters) above the * * * * * access will be for deer hunt permit vessel’s waterline. (3) * * * holders only. (v) We only allow the use of rods and (i) The conditions set forth at (x) White-tailed deer and feral hog reels and poles and lines, and anglers paragraphs (i)(1)(i) through (viii) of this hunters age 18 and older must be in must attend them at all times. We section apply. possession of all necessary State and prohibit the possession or use of cast * * * * * Federal licenses, permits, as well as a nets, seines, trot lines, jugs, and other (j) * * * current refuge hunt permit (signed fishing devices. (1) * * * brochure) while hunting on the refuge. (vi) We allow frog gigging, bow (ii) You must carry (or hunt within 30 (xi) We have limited quota and fishing, and fish gigging in all areas yards of a hunter who possesses) a valid specialty hunts for the taking of white- open to sport fishing, except in the A, State-issued Merritt Island Waterfowl tailed deer, and incidental take of feral B, and C Impoundments and Strazzulla Quota Permit, while hunting in areas 1 hogs during the deer hunts on the Marsh. or 4 during the State’s regular waterfowl Strazzulla Marsh and the Cypress (vii) We prohibit frog gigging, bow season. The Waterfowl Quota Permit Swamp. fishing, and fish gigging from structures can be used for a single party consisting (xii) Motorized vessels used while and from within 1⁄2 mile of refuge boat of the permit holder and up to three deer hunting must be stopped and shut ramps, campsites, and canoe trails, and guests. The permit holder must be off for 15 minutes prior to shooting. in areas posted as closed. present. The Waterfowl Quota Permit is Permitted motorized vessels must be in (viii) We allow the taking of frogs a limited entry quota permit, is zone- place 1 hour before legal sunrise and not from July 16 through March 15 of each specific, and is nontransferable. move until 1 hour after legal sunrise. year. (xiii) We close the Refuge Interior to * * * * * (ix) The daily bag limit for frogs is 50 (x) You must stop at a posted refuge all other uses during the limited quota frogs per vessel or party. white-tailed deer hunt in the Refuge waterfowl check station and report (x) Fish and frogs must remain in statistical hunt information on the Interior. whole condition while on refuge lands. (xiv) White-tailed deer hunters Migratory Bird Hunt Report (FWS Form (xi) Frogs may only be taken by gig, younger than age 18 must be supervised 3–2361) to refuge personnel. blowgun, or hook and line, or by hand. by a licensed and permitted adult age 21 (xi) When inside the impoundment (xii) We limit frogging or fishing by or older, and must remain with the perimeter ditch, you may use gasoline airboat to nonhunting airboat permittees adult while hunting. Hunters younger or diesel motors. Outside the perimeter only. than age 18 must have completed a ditch, you must propel vessels by (xiii) We prohibit commercial fishing, hunter education course. paddling, push pole, or electric trolling (xv) We prohibit the use of dogs for including unpermitted commercial motor. the take or attempt to take of white- guiding, and the taking of turtles and * * * * * tailed deer and feral hogs. We allow the other wildlife (see § 27.21 of this (3) * * * use of dogs for blood trailing only. chapter). (iv) We allow hunting within the (xvi) We require nontoxic (xiv) We allow 17 fishing tournaments State’s deer season on specific days as ammunition (see § 32.2(k)) when deer a year by Special Use Permit only defined by the refuge hunt brochure. hunting on the refuge. (General Activities—Special Use Permit Each hunt will be a 3-day weekend. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport Application, FWS Form 3–1383–G). Legal shooting hours are 1⁄2 hour before fishing on designated areas of the refuge * * * * * legal sunrise to 1⁄2 hour after legal subject to the following conditions: (e) Everglades Headwaters National sunset. (i) We allow fishing on all areas of the Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game (v) Hunters possessing a valid permit refuge, except those areas posted as bird hunting. We allow hunting of (State-issued permit) may access the closed to fishing or closed to the public. migratory game birds on designated refuge no earlier than 4 a.m. and must (ii) Anglers may only use boats areas of the refuge in accordance with leave the refuge no later than 2 hours equipped with factory-manufactured- State regulations and applicable State after legal sunset. If you wish to track water-cooled outboard motors, boats Wildlife Management Area regulations. wounded game beyond 2 hours after with electric motors, and nonmotorized (2) Upland game hunting. We allow legal sunset, you must gain consent boats. We prohibit boats with air-cooled upland game hunting on designated from a Federal Wildlife Officer to do so.

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(vi) We prohibit hunting from refuge (3) Big game hunting. We allow sunrise Monday) of the State alligator roads or within 150 yards of roads open hunting of white-tailed deer, feral hog, season. to public vehicle traffic or within 200 and turkey in areas and during seasons * * * * * yards of a building or Kennedy Space designated in the hunting brochure (h) * * * Center facility. subject to the following conditions: (1) * * * (vii) Each permitted hunter may have (i) We require State-issued refuge (iv) We allow the incidental take of one adult guest and one youth hunter permits. Permits are nontransferable. armadillo, beaver, opossum, and per adult. All guests must remain within Each hunter must possess and carry a raccoon during all refuge hunts 30 yards of the permitted hunter. The signed permit when participating in a (migratory bird, upland, and big game) party must share a single bag limit. Each hunt. with firearms and other equipment adult may supervise one youth hunter (ii) The conditions set forth at authorized for use on refuge lands in and must remain within sight and paragraphs (m)(2)(ii) and (iv) through Georgia only. normal voice contact. (vii) of this section apply. * * * * * (viii) You may set up stands or blinds * * * * * (2) * * * up to 7 days prior to the permitted hunt; (iv) There is a two deer limit per hunt, (i) The conditions set forth at you must remove them on the last day as specified at paragraph (m)(3)(vi) of paragraphs (h)(1)(i), (iii), and (iv) of this of your permitted hunt. You must this section, except during the youth section apply. clearly mark stands and blinds with hunt, when the limit is as specified at your Florida State customer * * * * * paragraph (m)(3)(vii) of this section. The (3) Big game hunting. We allow identification (ID) number found on limit for turkey is one per hunt. your hunting license. You may have no hunting of white-tailed deer, turkey, more than one stand or blind per person * * * * * alligator, feral hog, and coyote on on the refuge at any time. You must (viii) Mobility-impaired hunters may designated areas of the refuge subject to place a stand or blind for a youth hunter have an assistant accompany them. You the following conditions: within sight and normal voice contact of may transfer permits (State-issued (i) The conditions set forth at the supervisory hunter’s stand and mark permit) issued to assistants. We limit paragraphs (h)(1)(i), (iii), and (iv) of this it with the supervisory hunter’s Florida those hunt teams to harvesting white- section apply. State customer ID number and the word tailed deer and feral hog within the * * * * * ‘‘YOUTH.’’ limits provided at paragraph (m)(3)(vi) (vii) We prohibit catch-and-release of of this section. * * * * * alligators. (x) If you use flagging or other trail- (ix) You may harvest one bearded * * * * * turkey per hunt. You may only use marking material, you must print your ■ 11. Amend § 32.31 by: shotguns or archery equipment, Florida State customer ID number on ■ a. Removing paragraph (c)(3)(iv); each piece or marker. You may set out including crossbows, to harvest turkey. ■ b. Redesignating paragraph (c)(3)(v) as flagging and trail markers up to 7 days We prohibit hunting after 1 p.m. paragraph (c)(3)(iv); and prior to the permitted hunt, and you * * * * * ■ c. Revising paragraphs (c)(4)(i), (e)(1) must remove them on the last day of the (n) * * * introductory text, (f)(1) introductory permitted hunt. (3) * * * text, and (f)(2) and (3). * * * * * (vii) We limit weapons to primitive The revisions read as follows: (xv) You may field dress game; weapons (bow and arrow, muzzleloader, § 32.31 Idaho. however, we prohibit cleaning game and crossbow) on the primitive weapons within 150 yards of any public area, sambar deer hunt and the primitive * * * * * road, game-check station, or gate. We weapons white-tailed deer hunt. We (c) * * * prohibit dumping game carcasses on the limit the archery hunt to bow and (4) * * * refuge. arrow, and crossbow. You may take feral (i) From October 1 through April 14, we allow ice fishing on the Lake Lowell * * * * * hog and raccoon only with the weapons Unit, unless otherwise posted by the (xviii) You must stop at one of two allowed for that period. Bureau of Reclamation. check stations and report statistical hunt * * * * * information on the Self-Clearing Check- ■ 10. Amend § 32.29 by: * * * * * In/Out Permit (FWS Form 3–2405). ■ a. Adding paragraph (a)(3); (e) * * * (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We * * * * * ■ b. Redesignating paragraph (h)(1)(iv) (m) * * * as paragraph (h)(1)(v); allow hunting of goose, duck, coot, and snipe on designated areas of the refuge (2) * * * ■ c. Adding a new paragraph (h)(1)(iv); subject to the following conditions: (iii) You may only use .22 caliber or ■ d. Revising paragraphs (h)(2)(i), (h)(3) smaller rim-fire rifles, shotguns (#4 bird introductory text, and (h)(3)(i); and * * * * * shot or smaller) (see § 32.2(k)), or ■ e. Adding paragraph (h)(3)(vii). (f) * * * muzzleloaders to harvest squirrel, The revisions and additions read as (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We rabbit, and raccoon. In addition, you follows: allow hunting of duck, goose, coot, may use shotgun slugs, buckshot, snipe, dove, and crow on designated archery equipment including crossbows, § 32.29 Georgia. areas of the refuge subject to the center fire weapons, or pistols to take * * * * * following conditions: feral hogs. (a) * * * * * * * * * * * * * (3) Big game hunting. We allow (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (vii) You must check out all game alligator hunting on designated areas of hunting of pheasant, grouse, partridge taken at a game check station. You must the refuge subject to the following (chukar and gray partridge), cottontail use the State harvest recording system condition: We only allow alligator rabbit, and bobcat on designated areas of to check out all white-tail deer hunting during the first two weekends the refuge subject to the following harvested on the refuge. (from legal sunset Friday through legal condition: The condition set forth at

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paragraph (f)(1)(i) of this section (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this chapter) (ii) We prohibit organized deer drives. applies. brought onto the refuge at the end of We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an (3) Big game hunting. We allow each day’s hunt. organized or planned effort to pursue, hunting of deer and elk on designated (3) Big game hunting. We allow drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or areas of the refuge subject to the hunting of white-tailed deer on cause deer to move in the direction of following condition: Deer and elk designated areas of the refuge subject to any person(s) who is part of the hunters may enter the hunt area from the following condition: The condition organized or planned hunt and known 11⁄2 hours before legal hunting time to set forth at paragraph (g)(2)(ii) of this to be waiting for the deer. 11⁄2 hours after legal hunting time. section applies. * * * * * * * * * * (4) [Reserved] ■ 13. Amend § 32.33 by: ■ 12. Amend § 32.32 by: * * * * * ■ a. Revising paragraphs (b), (c)(1) ■ a. Revising paragraphs (b)(3)(iv)(A), (i) * * * introductory text, and (c)(2) (e)(1), (e)(3)(iii) and (v), (g), and (i)(2); (2) Upland game hunting. We allow introductory text; ■ b. Removing paragraph (i)(3)(iii); hunting of small game, furbearers, and ■ b. Adding paragraph (c)(2)(iii); ■ c. Redesignating paragraph (i)(3)(iv) as game birds on designated areas of the ■ c. Revising paragraph (c)(3)(i); paragraph (i)(3)(iii); and refuge subject to the following ■ d. Redesignating paragraph (c)(3)(iv) ■ d. Revising paragraphs (k)(1), (2), and condition: We open the refuge divisions as paragraph (c)(3)(v); and (3). for upland game hunting from 1⁄2 hour ■ e. Adding new paragraph (c)(3)(iv). The revisions read as follows: before legal sunrise to 1⁄2 hour after legal The revisions and additions read as sunset. § 32.32 Illinois. follows: * * * * * * * * * * (k) Two Rivers National Wildlife § 32.33 Indiana. (b) * * * Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird * * * * * (3) * * * hunting. We allow hunting of migratory (b) Muscatatuck National Wildlife (iv) * * * game birds on designated areas of the Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird (A) In the area west of Division Street refuge subject to the following hunting. We allow hunting of duck, and east of Blue Heron Marina; conditions: goose, coot, merganser, woodcock, and * * * * * (i) Hunters must remove boats, dove on designated areas of the refuge (e) * * * decoys, blinds, blind materials, stands, subject to the following conditions: (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We and platforms brought onto the refuge at (i) You must remove all boats, decoys, allow hunting of migratory game birds the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 blinds, blind materials, stands, and on designated areas of the refuge subject and 27.94 of this chapter). platforms brought onto the refuge at the to the following condition: On the Long (ii) We allow the use of dogs while end of each day’s hunt (see § 27.93 of Island Division, we allow hunting only hunting, provided the dog is under the this chapter). from blinds constructed on sites posted immediate control of the hunter at all (ii) We allow the use of dogs when by the Illinois Department of Natural times. hunting, provided the dogs are under Resources. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow the immediate control of the hunter at * * * * * upland game hunting for wild turkey, all times. (3) * * * small game, furbearers, and (iii) We prohibit hunting and the (iii) On the Fox Island Division, Slim nonmigratory game birds on designated discharge of a firearm within 100 yards Island Division, Cherry Box Division, areas of the refuge subject to the (30 meters) of any dwelling or any other and Hickory Creek Division, we only following conditions: building that people, pets, or livestock allow archery deer hunting during the (i) The conditions set forth at may occupy. Statewide archery season. We prohibit paragraphs (k)(1)(i) and (ii) of this (2) Upland game hunting. We allow archery hunting during the State firearm section apply. hunting of turkey, quail, squirrel, season. (ii) For hunting, you may use or raccoon, opossum, coyote, fox, skunk, * * * * * possess only approved nontoxic shot and rabbit on designated areas of the (v) We prohibit organized deer drives. shells while in the field, including shot refuge subject to the following We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an shells used for hunting wild turkey (see conditions: organized or planned effort to pursue, § 32.2(k)). (i) For hunting, you may use or drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or (iii) We prohibit hunters using rifles possess only approved nontoxic shot cause deer to move in the direction of or handguns with ammunition larger shells while in the field, including shot any person(s) who is part of the than .22 caliber rimfire, except they may shells used for hunting wild turkey (see organized or planned hunt and known use black powder firearms up to and § 32.2(k)). to be waiting for the deer. including .50 caliber. (ii) We allow the use of rimfire * * * * * (iv) We allow the use of .22 and .17 weapons for upland/small game (g) Kankakee National Wildlife caliber rimfire lead ammunition for the hunting. Refuge. (1) [Reserved] taking of small game and furbearers (iii) We prohibit the use of centerfire (2) Upland game hunting. We allow during open season. rifles for any hunts on refuge property. hunting of wild turkey on designated (v) We allow hunting from legal (iv) During spring turkey hunting, areas of the refuge subject to the sunrise to legal sunset. hunters must possess a State-issued following conditions: (3) Big game hunting. We allow hunting permit during the first 6 days of (i) For hunting, you may possess only hunting of white-tailed deer on the season. approved nontoxic shot shells while in designated areas of the refuge subject to (v) We prohibit turkey hunting after 1 the field (see § 32.2(k)). the following conditions: p.m. each day. (ii) You must remove all boats, (i) The condition set forth at (vi) We allow the incidental take of decoys, blinds, blind materials, stands, paragraph (k)(1)(i) of this section coyote only during other refuge hunting platforms, and other hunting equipment applies. seasons.

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(vii) The conditions set forth at (i) The condition set forth at (i) The conditions set forth at paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this paragraph (c)(2)(iii) applies while turkey paragraphs (g)(1)(i), (ii), (iv), and (v) of section apply. hunting. this section apply. (3) Big game hunting. We allow * * * * * * * * * * hunting of white-tailed deer on (iv) On the Columbia Mine Unit, if ■ 15. Revising § 32.35 to read as follows: designated areas of the refuge subject to you use a rifle to hunt, you may use § 32.35 Kansas. the following conditions: only rifles allowed by State regulations (i) The conditions set forth at for hunting on public land. The following refuge units are open paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) and for hunting and/or fishing as governed * * * * * (b)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section by applicable Federal and State apply. ■ 14. Amend § 32.34 by: regulations, and are listed in (ii) We prohibit organized deer drives. ■ a. Revising paragraph (d)(1) alphabetical order with additional We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an introductory text; refuge-specific regulations. organized or planned effort to pursue, ■ b. Removing paragraph (d)(1)(i); (a) Flint Hills National Wildlife drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or ■ c. Redesignating paragraphs (d)(1)(ii) Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird cause deer to move in the direction of through (d)(1)(v) as paragraphs (d)(1)(i) hunting. We allow hunting of coot, any person(s) who is part of the through (d)(1)(iv); and crow, mourning dove, duck, goose, rail, organized or planned hunt and known ■ d. Revising paragraphs (d)(2) woodcock, and snipe on designated to be waiting for the deer. introductory text, (d)(2)(i), (g)(1) areas of the refuge subject to the (iii) We prohibit the use or possession introductory text, (g)(1)(ii), (g)(2) following conditions: (i) You must remove portable hunting of tree spikes, plastic flagging, and introductory text, (g)(2)(ii), and (g)(3)(i). blinds and decoys at the end of each reflective tacks. The revisions read as follows: (iv) We prohibit firearms deer hunting day’s hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter). during the State deer firearm season § 32.34 Iowa. (ii) We only allow rimfire firearms, (archery and muzzleloader only). * * * * * shotguns, and archery equipment. (iii) We prohibit shooting from or over (v) We close archery deer hunting (d) * * * during the State muzzleloader season. roads and parking areas. (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We (vi) We prohibit the possession of (iv) We allow the use of dogs when allow the hunting of dove, duck, goose, game trail cameras on the refuge. hunting migratory birds. and coot on designated areas of the (vii) We require you to remove arrows (v) We close hunting areas on the refuge subject to the following from crossbows during transport in a north side of the Neosho River to all conditions: vehicle. hunting from November 1 through (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport * * * * * March 1. fishing on designated areas of the refuge (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (2) Upland game hunting. We allow subject to the following conditions: hunting of ring-necked pheasant, hunting of coyote, pheasant, prairie (i) We prohibit the use of any type of bobwhite quail, pigeon, crow, cottontail chicken, quail, rabbit, State-defined motor. rabbit, gray and fox squirrel, and wild furbearers, and squirrel on designated (ii) We allow the use of kayaks, turkey on designated areas of the refuge areas of the refuge subject to the canoes, belly boats, or float tubes in all subject to the following conditions: following conditions: designated fishing areas. (i) The conditions set forth at (i) We allow the use of dogs when (iii) We allow fishing only with rod paragraphs (d)(1)(i) through (iv) of this hunting upland game, except that we and reel, or pole and line. section apply. prohibit the use of dogs when hunting coyotes and furbearers. (iv) We prohibit harvest of frog and * * * * * (ii) Shooting hours for upland game turtle (see § 27.21 of this chapter). (g) * * * species are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise (v) We prohibit the use of lead fishing (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We tackle. until legal sunset. allow hunting of duck, goose, coot, rail (iii) We prohibit the harvest of beaver (vi) We allow only youth age 15 and (Virginia and sora only), woodcock, younger to fish in the Discovery Pond. and otter. dove, crow, and snipe on designated (iv) The conditions set forth at (c) * * * areas of the refuge subject to the paragraphs (a)(1)(ii) and (iii) of this (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We following conditions: section apply. allow hunting of duck, goose, (3) Big game hunting. We allow merganser, coot, woodcock, dove, snipe, * * * * * hunting of white-tailed deer and turkey rail, and crow on designated areas of the (ii) We allow boats or other floating on designated areas of the refuge subject refuge and the White River Wildlife devices when hunting. You may not to the following conditions: Management Area subject to the leave boats unattended. * * * * * (i) You may possess only approved following conditions: nontoxic shot for turkey hunting (see (2) Upland game hunting. We allow * * * * * § 32.2(k)). (2) Upland game hunting. We allow hunting of pheasant, gray partridge, (ii) We allow one portable blind or hunting of bobwhite quail, pheasant, cottontail rabbit, squirrel (fox and gray), stand per hunter. You may place a stand cottontail rabbit, squirrel (gray and fox), groundhog, raccoon, opossum, fox, on the refuge no more than 14 days red and gray fox, coyote, opossum, coyote, and skunk on designated areas prior to the season, and you must striped skunk, and raccoon subject to of the refuge subject to the following remove it within 14 days of the close of the following conditions: conditions: the season. You must remove a portable * * * * * * * * * * blind at the end of each day’s hunt (see (iii) You may only use or possess (ii) The conditions set forth at § 27.93 of this chapter). You must label approved nontoxic shot shells (see paragraphs (g)(1)(i), (ii), (iv), and (v) of any portable blind or stand with the § 32.2(k)) while in the field. this section apply. owner’s name and Kansas Department (3) * * * (3) * * * of Wildlife, Parks and Tourism

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(KDWPT) number. Labels must be (iii) You must obtain a refuge-issued (iii) We prohibit the harvest of beaver clearly visible from the ground. permit (FWS Form 3–2405, Self- and otter. (iii) We prohibit the use of dogs when Clearing Check-In/Out Permit) to hunt (iv) The conditions set forth at hunting turkey. deer on the refuge. paragraphs (c)(1)(i), (ii), and (iv) of this (iv) The condition set forth at (iv) The condition set forth at section apply. paragraph (a)(1)(iii) of this section paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section (3) Big game hunting. We allow applies. applies. hunting of white-tailed deer and turkey (v) We only allow muzzleloaders, (v) We prohibit the use of dogs when on designated areas of the refuge subject shotguns, and archery equipment. hunting turkey. to the following conditions: (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (vi) You may possess only approved (i) You must possess and carry a fishing on designated areas of the refuge nontoxic shot for turkey hunting (see State-issued refuge access permit to subject to the following condition: We § 32.2(k)). hunt deer and spring turkey. prohibit the take of reptiles and (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (ii) We allow one portable blind or amphibians. fishing on designated areas on the stand per hunter. You may place a stand (b) Kirwin National Wildlife Refuge— refuge subject to the following on the refuge no more than 14 days (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We conditions: prior to the season, and you must allow hunting of coot, crow, duck, (i) We only allow boats for activities remove it within 14 days of the close of goose, merganser, mourning dove, rail, related to fishing. the season. You must remove a portable snipe, and woodcock on designated (ii) We prohibit boating for fishing blind at the end of each day’s hunt (see areas of the refuge subject to the between October 1 and April 1 when the § 27.93 of this chapter). You must label following conditions: reservoir water elevation falls below any portable blind or stand with the (i) You must remove portable hunting 1,722 feet (measured on October 1), owner’s name and KDWPT number. blinds and decoys at the end of each except in the Bow Creek Hunting Unit. Labels must be clearly visible from the day’s hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter). Boats may be launched only at Scout ground. (ii) We prohibit shooting from or over Cove during this period. (iii) We prohibit the use of dogs when roads and parking areas. (iii) We allow boating for fishing year- hunting turkey. (iii) In Bow Creek, we allow hunting round, on the entire reservoir, only (iv) You may possess only approved access by boat or on foot year round. when the reservoir water elevation is nontoxic shot for turkey hunting (see (iv) We allow the use of dogs when above 1,722 feet (measured on October § 32.2(k)). hunting migratory birds. 1). (v) The condition set forth at (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (iv) We allow noncommercial paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section hunting of cottontail rabbit, jack rabbit, collection of baitfish as governed by applies. pheasant, prairie chicken, quail, State- State regulations. (vi) We only allow archery deer (v) We prohibit all activities defined furbearers, and squirrel (fox and hunting, except during the January associated with fishing tournaments, grey) on designated areas of the refuge antlerless deer season when we allow outside of sport fishing itself, to include subject to the following conditions: the use of archery, muzzleloader, and organized gatherings, registrations, (i) We only allow shotguns and shotgun. weigh-ins, and award presentations to (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport archery equipment when hunting be held or organized on the refuge. fishing on designated areas of the refuge upland game. (vi) We prohibit the take of reptiles subject to the following condition: We (ii) We allow the use of dogs when and amphibians. prohibit the take of reptiles and hunting upland game, except that we (c) Marais des Cygnes National amphibians. prohibit the use of dogs when hunting Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game (d) Quivira National Wildlife Refuge— coyotes and furbearers. bird hunting. We allow hunting of coot, (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We (iii) Shooting hours for upland game crow, duck, goose, mourning dove, rail, 1 allow hunting of coot, crow, duck, species are ⁄2 hour before legal sunrise snipe, and woodcock on designated goose, and mourning dove on until legal sunset. areas of the refuge subject to the designated areas of the refuge subject to (iv) We prohibit the harvest of beaver following conditions: the following conditions: and otter. (i) You must remove portable hunting (i) We open refuge hunting areas from (v) The condition set forth at blinds and decoys at the end of each September 1 through February 28. paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section day’s hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter). (ii) The refuge is open from 11⁄2 hours applies. (ii) We prohibit shooting from or over before legal sunrise to 11⁄2 hours after (3) Big game hunting. We allow roads and parking areas. legal sunset. hunting of deer and turkey on (iii) We allow the use of dogs when (iii) We prohibit the retrieval of game designated areas of the refuge subject to hunting migratory birds. from areas closed to hunting. the following conditions: (iv) We only allow shotguns and (iv) You must remove portable (i) We only allow archery hunting of archery equipment. hunting blinds and decoys at the end of deer. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow each day’s hunt (see § 27.93 of this (ii) We allow one portable blind or hunting of coyote, cottontail rabbit, chapter). stand per hunter. You may place a stand State-defined furbearers, squirrel, and (v) We prohibit shooting from or over on the refuge no more than 14 days upland birds on designated areas of the roads and parking areas. prior to the season, and you must refuge subject to the following (vi) We allow the use of dogs when remove it within 14 days of the close of conditions: hunting migratory birds. the season. You must remove a portable (i) We allow the use of dogs when (vii) We only allow shotguns and blind at the end of each day’s hunt (see hunting upland game, except that we archery equipment. § 27.93 of this chapter). You must label prohibit the use of dogs when hunting (2) Upland game hunting. We allow any portable blind or stand with the coyotes and furbearers. hunting of coyote, pheasant, quail, owner’s name and KDWPT number. (ii) Shooting hours for upland game State-defined furbearers, squirrel, and Labels must be clearly visible from the species are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise rabbit on designated areas of the refuge ground. until legal sunset. subject to the following conditions:

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(i) The conditions set forth at ■ b. Removing paragraphs (a)(1)(vii) and (a) * * * paragraphs (d)(1)(i) through (iii), (v), (viii); and (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We and (vii) of this section apply. ■ c. Revising paragraphs (a)(2) and allow hunting of mourning dove, duck, (ii) We allow the use of dogs when (a)(3)(i). goose, coot, snipe, rail, gallinule, and hunting upland game, except that we The revisions read as follows: woodcock on designated areas of the prohibit the use of dogs when hunting refuge subject to the following § 32.36 Kentucky. coyotes and furbearers. conditions: (iii) We prohibit the harvest of beaver * * * * * (a) * * * * * * * * and otter. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (iv) You must possess a State-issued (1) * * * (iii) We prohibit hunting within 100 hunting of squirrel, rabbit, and raccoon refuge access permit for coyote and feet (30 meters) of a residence and on designated areas of the refuge subject State-defined furbearer hunting. to the following condition: The (3) Big game hunting. We allow discharge of firearms within 200 feet (60 meters) of any home, the abandoned conditions set forth at paragraphs hunting of white-tailed deer and turkey (a)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section apply. on designated areas of the refuge subject railroad tracks, graveled roads, and hiking trails. * * * * * to the following conditions: (c) * * * (i) You may possess only approved * * * * * (v) We allow the use of dogs for (1) * * * nontoxic ammunition for turkey and (vi) Each person age 18 and older waterfowl, quail, snipe, dove, deer hunting (see § 32.2(k)). must possess a valid Annual Public Use woodcock, squirrel, rabbit, raccoon, (ii) You must possess a State-issued Permit (signed brochure). refuge access permit for deer and turkey opossum, and fall turkey hunting. Dog * * * * * hunting. owners/handlers must have a collar on each dog with the owner’s contact (d) * * * (iii) We allow one portable blind or (1) * * * stand per hunter. You may place a stand information. (ix) Each person age 18 and older, (vi) We allow waterfowl hunting from on the refuge no more than 14 days must possess a valid Annual Public Use legal shooting time until 12 p.m. (noon). prior to the season, and you must Permit (signed brochure). remove it within 14 days of the close of (2) Upland game hunting. We allow * * * * * the season. You must remove a portable hunting of squirrel, rabbit, quail, raccoon, opossum, coyote, bobcat, fox, (3) * * * blind at the end of each day’s hunt (see (ii) We allow archery deer hunting § 27.93 of this chapter). You must label skunk, otter, muskrat, mink, weasel, and beaver on designated areas of the refuge according to the State of Louisiana any portable blind or stand with the archery season. Hunters may take deer owner’s name and KDWPT number. subject to the following conditions: (i) The conditions set forth at of either sex as governed by State- Labels must be clearly visible from the approved archery equipment and ground. paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (v) of this section apply. regulations. We close refuge archery (iv) We prohibit the use of dogs when hunting during refuge deer gun hunts. hunting turkey. (ii) We allow coyote hunting under (v) The conditions set forth at Statewide regulations during daylight * * * * * paragraphs (d)(1)(i) through (iii) and (v) hours only. (e) * * * (1) * * * of this section apply. (3) * * * (i) The conditions set forth at (i) We allow waterfowl hunting on (vi) We only allow muzzleloaders, paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (v) of this Wednesdays, Thursdays, Saturdays, and shotguns, and archery equipment. Sundays from 1⁄2 hour before legal (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport section apply. sunrise until 12 p.m. (noon), including fishing on all waters on the refuge * * * * * waterfowl hunting during the State subject to the following conditions: ■ 17. Amend § 32.37 by: (i) We prohibit taking of reptiles and ■ a. Revising paragraphs (a)(1) special teal season and State youth amphibians. introductory text, (a)(2) introductory waterfowl hunt. We allow snipe, rail, (ii) We prohibit the use of trotlines text, and (c)(1)(vi); and gallinule hunting on Wednesdays, ■ b. Adding new paragraph (d)(1)(ix); Thursdays, Saturdays, and Sundays and setlines. 1 (iii) We prohibit the use of seines for ■ c. Revising paragraphs (d)(3)(ii), from ⁄2 hour before legal sunrise until taking bait. (e)(1)(i) and (v), (e)(2) introductory text, 2 p.m. (iv) We prohibit fishing from water and (e)(2)(ii); * * * * * control structures and bridges. ■ d. Adding paragraph (e)(2)(v); (v) An adult age 18 or older must (v) We restrict fishing in the ■ e. Revising paragraph (f)(3) supervise youth hunters age 17 and designated ‘‘Kid’s Pond,’’ approximately introductory text; younger during all hunts. Youth hunter 1 ■ f. Removing paragraph (f)(3)(iii); ⁄4 mile (.4 kilometers) west-southwest age and hunter education requirements ■ of headquarters, to youth age 14 and g. Redesignating paragraph (f)(3)(iv) as are governed by State regulations. One younger, and to a parent and/or (f)(3)(iii); adult may supervise two youths during ■ h. Revising paragraphs (g), (k)(1) guardian age 18 or older accompanying small game hunts and migratory bird introductory text, (k)(1)(x), (k)(3)(ii), a youth. hunts, but is only allowed to supervise (vi) The creel limit for the Kid’s Pond (n)(1)(xiv), (n)(4)(ii), (p)(1)(vii) and (xii), one youth during big game hunts. and (q)(1)(iii); is one fish per day. ■ Youths must remain within normal i. Adding paragraphs (t)(1)(vi); voice contact and direct sight of the (vii) The condition set forth at ■ j. Revising paragraph (t)(2)(i); and paragraph (d)(1)(ii) of this section ■ k. Adding paragraphs (t)(2)(v) and adult who is supervising them. Adult applies. (t)(3)(xiii). guardians are responsible for ensuring (viii) The only live bait we allow is The revisions and additions read as that youth hunters do not violate refuge worms; we prohibit all other live bait. follows: rules. ■ 16. Amend § 32.36 by: * * * * * ■ a. Revising paragraphs (a)(1)(iii), (v), § 32.37 Louisiana. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow and (vi); * * * * * hunting of squirrel, rabbit, raccoon, and

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quail on designated areas of the refuge and rifle and pistol ammunition, except above or around their blinds that is subject to the following conditions: during the deer gun and primitive visible from 360 degrees. * * * * * firearm seasons (see § 32.2(k)). (iv) We hold a special dog hog hunt (ii) When hunting squirrel, rabbit, and (ix) You may use only reflective tacks in February. During this hunt, the raccoon, we allow the use of dogs only as trail markers on the refuge. following conditions apply, in addition after the close of the State archery deer (x) We allow the incidental take of to other applicable conditions in season. When hunting quail, you may feral hog during any open refuge paragraph (g)(3) of this section: only use dogs to locate, point, and hunting season with weapons approved (A) You must use trained hog-hunting retrieve. for that season. dogs to aid in the take of hog. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (B) We allow take of hog from 1⁄2 hour * * * * * 1 (v) We only allow raccoon to be taken hunting of squirrel, rabbit, raccoon, and before legal sunrise until ⁄2 hour after during the State rabbit season. opossum on designated areas of the legal sunset. refuge subject to the following (C) You must possess only approved * * * * * nontoxic shot, or pistol or rifle (f) * * * conditions: (i) We allow the use of dogs for rabbit, ammunition not larger than .22 caliber (3) Big game hunting. We allow rim-fire to take the hog after it has been hunting of white-tailed deer on squirrel, raccoon, and opossum hunting on specific dates listed in the refuge caught by dogs. designated areas of the refuge subject to (v) You must kill all hogs prior to the following conditions: hunt brochure. (ii) During any open deer firearm or removal from the refuge. * * * * * primitive firearm season on the refuge, (vi) We prohibit the use of deer and (g) Bogue Chitto National Wildlife all hunters, except waterfowl hunters turkey gobbler decoys. Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird and nighttime raccoon and opossum (4) Sport fishing. We allow only hunting. We allow hunting of duck, hunters, must wear hunter orange, blaze recreational fishing year-round on goose, coot, and woodcock on pink, or other such color as governed by designated areas of the refuge subject to designated areas of the refuge subject to State regulations. the following conditions: the following conditions: (iii) The conditions set forth at (i) We only allow cotton limb lines. (i) We allow hunting from 1⁄2 hour paragraphs (g)(1)(v) through (x) of this (ii) We close the fishing ponds at the before legal sunrise until 12 p.m. (noon), Pearl River Turnaround to fishing from including during the State special teal section apply, except you may use .22- caliber rifles or smaller, and the April through the first full week of June season, State youth waterfowl hunt, and and to boating during the months of special light goose conservation season. nontoxic shot in your possession while hunting must be size 4 or smaller (see April, May, June, and July. (ii) You must remove blinds and (iii) When the Pearl River Turnaround § 32.2(k)). decoys by 1 p.m. each day (see § 27.93 area is open, we allow boats that do not (iv) We will close the refuge to of this chapter). have gasoline-powered engines attached hunting (except waterfowl) and camping (iii) We prohibit goose hunting for in the fishing ponds at the Pearl River when the Pearl River reaches 15.5 feet that part of the season that extends Turnaround. Anglers must hand-launch (4.65 meters) on the Pearl River Gauge beyond the regular duck season. these boats into the ponds. When the at Pearl River, Louisiana. (iv) When hunting migratory game fishing ponds at the Pearl River (v) During the dog season for squirrels birds, you may only use dogs to locate, Turnaround are open, hook and line is and rabbits, all hunters, including point, and retrieve game. the only legal method of take in those archery hunters (while on the ground), (v) Each person age 18 and older ponds. except waterfowl hunters, must wear a while hunting or fishing must possess a (iv) The Pearl River Turnaround area, cap or hat that is hunter-orange, blaze valid Annual Public Use Permit (signed when open to fishing, is open 1⁄2 hour pink, or other such color as governed by brochure). before legal sunrise to 1⁄2 hour after legal State regulations. (vi) An adult age 18 or older must sunset. supervise youth hunters age 17 and (3) Big game hunting. We allow (v) The conditions set forth at younger during all hunts. Youth hunter hunting of white-tailed deer, turkey, and paragraphs (g)(1)(x) and (g)(2)(iv) of this age and hunter education requirements feral hog on designated areas of the section apply. are governed by State regulations. One refuge subject to the following * * * * * adult may supervise two youths during conditions: (i) The conditions set forth at (k) * * * small game hunts and migratory bird (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We paragraphs (g)(1)(v) through (x) and hunts, but is only allowed to supervise allow hunting of duck, goose, coot, and (g)(2)(ii) through (iv) of this section one youth during big game hunts. woodcock on designated areas of the apply. Youths must remain within normal refuge subject to the following (ii) Hunters may erect deer stands 48 voice contact of the adult who is conditions: supervising them. Adult guardians are hours before the deer archery season responsible for ensuring that youth and must remove them from the refuge * * * * * hunters do not violate refuge rules. within 48 hours after this season closes (x) We only allow the use of bright (vii) We prohibit hunting or discharge (see § 27.93 of this chapter). We allow eyes or reflective tape for flagging or of firearms (see § 27.42 of this chapter) only one deer stand per hunter on the trail markers. within 150 feet (45.7 meters (m)) from refuge. Deer stands must have the * * * * * the centerline of any public road, refuge owner’s State license/sportsmen’s (3) * * * road, designated or maintained trail, identification number clearly printed on (ii) We allow deer modern firearm building, residence, designated camping the stand. hunting on the area south of the French area, or designated public facility, or (iii) Deer hunters hunting from Fork of the Little River for 2 days in from or across aboveground oil, gas, or concealed blinds must display State December with these dates being set electric facilities. Wildlife Management Area (WMA) annually. (viii) For the purpose of hunting, we hunter-orange or blaze-pink (as * * * * * prohibit possession of slugs, buckshot, governed by State WMA regulations) (n) * * *

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(1) * * * (i) We require every hunter to possess (b) Petit Manan National Wildlife (xiv) We only allow the use of bright and carry a personally signed refuge Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird eyes or reflective tape for flagging or permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt hunting. We allow hunting of duck, trail markers. Application—National Wildlife Refuge goose, woodcock, rail, and snipe on * * * * * System). designated areas of the refuge subject to (4) * * * (ii) We allow hunters to enter the the following condition: We allow the (ii) We only allow fishing within the refuge 2 hours before legal shooting use of dogs consistent with State Coulee Des Grues Bayou from the bank hours, and they must exit the refuge by regulations. adjacent to Little California Road. 1 hour past legal shooting hours. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow * * * * * (iii) We only allow portable or hunting of upland game on designated (p) * * * temporary blinds and decoys that must areas of the refuge subject to the (1) * * * be removed from the refuge following following conditions: (vii) We restrict the use of the ATV each day’s hunt (see § 27.93 of this (i) We allow the use of dogs consistent trails that are designated for physically chapter). with State regulations. challenged persons to individuals who (iv) We allow the use of dogs (ii) You may hunt coyotes from possess a State-issued physically consistent with State regulations. November 1 to March 31. (iii) Hunters must retrieve all species challenged program hunter permit or are (2) Upland game hunting. We allow harvested on the refuge. age 60 or older. hunting of ruffed grouse, snowshoe (iv) We prohibit night hunting from 1⁄2 hare, red fox, gray and red squirrel, * * * * * hour after legal sunset until 1⁄2 hour (xii) We only allow the use of bright raccoon, skunk, and woodchuck on before legal sunrise the following day. eyes or reflective tape for flagging or designated areas of the refuge subject to (3) Big game hunting. We allow trail markers. the following condition: The conditions hunting of white-tailed deer and black * * * * * set forth at paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (ii) bear on designated areas of the refuge (q) * * * (except for hunters pursuing raccoon at subject to the following conditions: (1) * * * night), and (iv) of this section apply. (i) Petit Manan Point is open only (iii) Each person age 18 and older (3) Big game hunting. We allow during the State-prescribed must possess a valid Annual Public Use hunting of black bear, bobcat, eastern muzzleloader deer season. Permit (signed brochure). coyote, moose, and white-tailed deer on (ii) We allow black bear hunting * * * * * designated areas of the refuge subject to during the firearm season for white- (t) * * * the following conditions: tailed deer. (1) * * * (i) The conditions set forth at (iii) We allow hunters to enter the (vi) We allow the incidental take of paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (ii) (except for refuge 1 hour prior to legal sunrise and coyote, beaver, raccoon, and opossum hunters pursuing eastern coyote at remain on the refuge 1 hour after legal when hunting for migratory bird species night), and (iv) of this section apply. sunset. with firearms and archery equipment (ii) The hunter must retrieve all (iv) We prohibit the use of dogs when authorized for use. species harvested on the refuge. hunting black bear. (2) * * * (iii) We allow eastern coyote hunting (4) [Reserved] (i) We allow nighttime raccoon from October 1 to March 31. (c) Rachel Carson National Wildlife hunting in alignment with Big Lake (iv) We allow tree stands, blinds, and Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird Wildlife Management Area (WMA). ladders. You must clearly label any tree hunting. We allow hunting of duck, stand, blind, or ladder left on the refuge goose, coot, woodcock, and snipe on * * * * * designated areas of the refuge subject to (v) We allow the incidental take of overnight with your hunting license number. You must remove your tree the following conditions: coyote, beaver, raccoon, and opossum (i) Prior to entering designated refuge stand(s), blind(s), and/or ladder(s) from when hunting for upland game species hunting areas, you must obtain a refuge the refuge on the last day of the with firearms and archery equipment permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt muzzleloader deer season (see § 27.93 of authorized for use. Application—National Wildlife Refuge this chapter). (3) * * * System) and sign and carry the permit (xiii) We allow the incidental take of (v) You may hunt black bear, eastern at all times. coyote, beaver, raccoon, and opossum coyote, and white-tailed deer during the (ii) We open designated youth when hunting for big game species with State archery and firearms deer seasons hunting areas to hunters age 15 and firearms and archery equipment on the Baring Division east of State younger who possess and carry a refuge authorized for use. Route 191. hunting permit (FWS Form 3–2439, * * * * * (vi) We prohibit use of firearms to Hunt Application—National Wildlife ■ 18. Revise § 32.38 to read as follows: hunt bear and coyote during the archery Refuge System). Youth hunters must be deer season on the Baring Division east accompanied by an adult age 18 or § 32.38 Maine. of Route 191. We prohibit the use of older. The accompanying adult must The following refuge units are open firearms, other than a muzzleloader, to possess and carry a refuge hunting for hunting and/or fishing as governed hunt coyote during the deer permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt by applicable Federal and State muzzleloader season on the Baring Application—National Wildlife Refuge regulations, and are listed in Division east of Route 191. System) and may also hunt. alphabetical order with additional (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (iii) We allow the use of dogs refuge-specific regulations. fishing on designated areas of the refuge consistent with State regulations. (a) Moosehorn National Wildlife subject to the following conditions: (iv) We only allow temporary blinds Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird (i) We only allow fishing from 1⁄2 hour and stands, which you must remove at hunting. We allow hunting of duck, before legal sunrise to 1⁄2 hour after legal the end of each day’s hunt (see § 27.93 goose, American woodcock, and snipe sunset. of this chapter). on designated areas of the refuge subject (ii) We prohibit trapping fish for use (2) Upland game hunting. We allow to the following conditions: as bait. hunting of pheasant, quail, grouse, fox,

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and coyote on designated areas of the (i) We allow hunters to enter the alphabetical order with additional refuge subject to the following refuge 1 hour before legal shooting refuge-specific regulations. conditions: hours, and they must exit the refuge by (a) Blackwater National Wildlife (i) The conditions set forth at 1 hour after legal shooting hours, except Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (iii) of this for hunters pursuing coyotes at night. hunting. We allow hunting of goose and section apply. (ii) We allow tree stands, blinds, and duck on designated areas of the refuge (ii) We allow take of pheasant, quail, ladders. You must clearly label tree subject to the following conditions: and grouse by falconry on the refuge stands, blinds, or ladders left on the (i) You must obtain, and possess during State seasons. refuge overnight with your State while hunting, a refuge waterfowl (3) Big game hunting. We allow hunting license number. You must hunting permit (signed brochure or hunting of white-tailed deer and turkey remove your tree stand(s), blind(s), and/ printed and signed copy of permit from on designated areas of the refuge subject or ladder(s) from the refuge on the last Recreation.gov). to the following conditions: day of the muzzleloader deer season (ii) Up to three additional hunters (i) The conditions as set forth at (see § 27.93 of this chapter). may accompany you on your reserved paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (iv) of this (iii) We allow the use of dogs unit. section apply. consistent with State regulations. (iii) We allow the use of dogs (ii) We allow hunting with shotgun (iv) We allow coyote hunting from and archery only. We prohibit rifles and consistent with State regulations. October 1 to March 31. (2) [Reserved] muzzleloading firearms for hunting. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (iii) We allow turkey hunting during (3) Big game hunting. We allow the fishing on designated areas of the refuge hunting of white-tailed deer, sika deer, the fall season only, as designated by subject to the following condition: We the State. and turkey on designated areas of the prohibit trapping fish for use as bait. refuge subject to the following (iv) We allow only archery on those (e) Umbagog National Wildlife areas of the Little River division open to conditions: Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird (i) The general hunt regulations for hunting. hunting. We allow hunting of duck, (v) During the State firearm deer this paragraph (a)(3) are: goose, snipe, coot, crow, and woodcock season, we only allow hunting of fox (A) You must obtain, and possess on designated areas of the refuge subject and coyote with archery or shotgun as while hunting, a turkey or deer hunting to the following condition: We allow the incidental take with a refuge big game permit (printed and signed copy of use of dogs consistent with State permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt permit from Recreation.gov). Application—National Wildlife Refuge regulations. (B) We prohibit organized deer drives (2) Upland game hunting. We allow System). unless authorized by the refuge hunting of fox, raccoon, woodchuck, (vi) We allow hunting from 1⁄2 hour manager. We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an squirrel, porcupine, skunk, snowshoe before legal sunrise to 1⁄2 hour after legal organized or planned effort to pursue, hare, ring-necked pheasant, and ruffed sunset. drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or grouse on designated areas of the refuge (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport cause deer to move in the direction of subject to the following conditions: fishing on designated areas of the refuge any person(s) who is part of the (i) We prohibit night hunting from 1⁄2 subject to the following conditions: organized or planned hunt and known 1 hour after legal sunset until 1⁄2 hour (i) We allow fishing from ⁄2 hour to be waiting for the deer. 1 before legal sunrise the following day. before legal sunrise to ⁄2 hour after legal (C) We prohibit shooting a projectile sunset. (ii) We allow the use of dogs consistent with State regulations. from a firearm, muzzleloader, bow, or (ii) We prohibit lead tackle. crossbow from, down, or across any (iii) We prohibit trapping fish for use (3) Big game hunting. We allow road that is traveled by vehicular traffic. as bait. hunting of bear, white-tailed deer, (d) Sunkhaze Meadows National coyote, turkey, and moose on designated (D) We prohibit the use of rimfire or Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game areas of the refuge subject to the centerfire rifles and all handguns, bird hunting. We allow hunting of following conditions: including muzzleloading pistols, for migratory game birds on designated (i) We allow the use of dogs consistent hunting. areas of the refuge subject to the with State regulations. (ii) We do not allow archery deer following condition: We allow the use (ii) Hunters must retrieve all species hunters to hunt within areas designated of dogs consistent with State harvested on the refuge. for the youth hunt on designated days. regulations. (iii) We allow temporary blinds and (iii) We allow turkey hunt permit (2) Upland game hunting. We allow tree stands that are clearly marked with holders (printed and signed copy of hunting of upland game on designated the owner’s State hunting license permit from Recreation.gov) to have an areas of the refuge subject to the number. You may erect temporary assistant, who must remain within sight following conditions: blinds and tree stands no earlier than 14 and normal voice contact and abide by (i) We allow hunters to enter the days prior to the hunting season, and the rules set forth in the refuge’s turkey refuge 1 hour before legal shooting you must remove them within 14 days brochure. hours, and they must exit the refuge by after the hunting season (see § 27.93 of (iv) We allow youth deer and turkey 1 hour past legal shooting hours, except this chapter). hunters to hunt on designated areas on for hunters pursuing raccoons at night. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport designated days (youth hunt) if they (ii) The hunter must retrieve all fishing on designated areas of the meet the criteria of a ‘‘youth hunter’’ as species harvested on the refuge. refuge. governed by State law and possess a (iii) We allow the use of dogs ■ 19. Revise § 32.39 to read as follows: turkey or deer hunting permit (printed consistent with State regulations. and signed copy of permit from (3) Big game hunting. We allow § 32.39 Maryland. Recreation.gov). hunting of black bear, bobcat, moose, The following refuge units are open (v) For the designated disabled hunt: coyote, and white-tailed deer on for hunting and/or fishing as governed (A) We require disabled hunters to have designated areas of the refuge subject to by applicable Federal and State their America the Beautiful Access pass the following conditions: regulations, and are listed in (OMB Control 1024–0252) in their

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possession while hunting in disabled legal sunrise to legal sunset, April 1 (i) We allow hunters to enter the areas. through September 30. refuge 11⁄2 hours before legal shooting (B) Disabled hunters may have an (ii) We allow fishing from designated hours, and they must exit the refuge by assistant, age 18 or older, who must shoreline areas located at the Chester 11⁄2 hours after legal shooting hours. remain within sight and normal voice River end of Boxes Point and Duck Inn (ii) Hunters must obtain and possess contact while hunting. Assistants must Trails from legal sunrise to legal sunset. a refuge-specific hunting permit (FWS possess a printed and signed copy of a (c) Patuxent Research Refuge—(1) Form 3–2439, Hunt Application— permit from Recreation.gov and a valid Migratory game bird hunting. We allow National Wildlife Refuge System) to government-issued photo identification. hunting of goose, duck, and dove on hunt on the refuge. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport designated areas of the refuge subject to (iii) You may begin scouting hunting fishing and crabbing on designated areas the following conditions: areas 4 weeks prior to the opening day of the refuge subject to the following (i) We require a National Wildlife of your permitted season. We require conditions: Refuge System Hunt Application (FWS possession of a valid refuge hunting (i) We allow fishing and crabbing only Form 3–2439, Hunt Application— permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt from April 1 through September 30 from National Wildlife Refuge System), and a Application—National Wildlife Refuge legal sunrise to legal sunset in refuge signed Statement of Hunter Ethics (FWS System) while scouting. waters, unless otherwise authorized by Form 3–2516). (iv) We allow the use of dogs the refuge manager. (ii) We prohibit hunting and scouting consistent with State regulations. (ii) We allow fishing and crabbing by on Sundays and Federal holidays. No (v) One nonhunting companion may boat in the Big Blackwater and the Little hunt-related activities may take place accompany each permitted hunter. We Blackwater River. unless the Hunting Control Station is prohibit nonhunting companions from (b) Eastern Neck National Wildlife open. hunting, but they may assist in other Refuge. (1)–(2) [Reserved] (iii) We allow the use of dogs means. All companions must carry (3) Big game hunting. We allow consistent with State regulations. identification and stay with the hunter. (iv) We prohibit wading in all hunting of white-tailed deer and turkey (vi) Hunters may use temporary tree impounded waters except for the on designated areas of the refuge subject stands and ground blinds while engaged placement and retrieval of decoys. to the following conditions: in hunting during the applicable (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (i) General hunt regulations for this seasons. Hunters must mark stands and hunting of gray squirrel, eastern paragraph (b)(3). (A) You must obtain, blinds with their permit number. cottontail rabbit, and woodchuck on and possess while hunting, a deer or Hunters must remove all stands and designated areas of the refuge subject to turkey hunting permit (printed and blinds within 30 days after the end of the following condition: The conditions signed copy of permit from the permitted season. set forth at paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (vii) Migratory waterfowl hunting Recreation.gov). (iii) of this section apply. hours are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to (B) We prohibit shooting a projectile (3) Big game hunting. We allow legal sunset. from a firearm, muzzleloader, bow, or hunting of turkey and white-tailed deer (2) Upland game hunting. We allow crossbow from, down, or across any on designated areas of the refuge subject hunting of ruffed grouse, fox, coyote, road that is traveled by vehicular traffic. to the following conditions: gray squirrel, and cottontail rabbit on (C) We prohibit the use of rimfire or (i) The conditions set forth at designated areas of the refuge subject to centerfire rifles and all handguns, paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (ii) apply. the following conditions: including muzzleloading pistols, for (ii) We prohibit organized deer drives. (i) The conditions set forth at hunting. We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (vi) of this (ii) We allow youth deer hunters to organized or planned effort to pursue, section apply. hunt on designated areas on designated drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or (ii) Upland and big game hunting days (youth hunt) if they meet the cause deer to move in the direction of hours are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to criteria of a ‘‘youth hunter’’ as governed any person(s) who is part of the 1⁄2 hour after legal sunset. by State law and possess a printed and organized or planned hunt and known (iii) North Unit B, Unit C, and South signed copy of a permit from to be waiting for the deer. Unit are archery only. Recreation.gov. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (iv) We prohibit the use of handguns (iii) For the designated disabled hunt: fishing on designated areas of the refuge or rifles for hunting. (A) We require disabled hunters to have subject to the following conditions: (3) Big game hunting. We allow their America the Beautiful Access pass (i) We require a National Wildlife hunting of white-tailed deer, turkey, and (OMB Control 1024–0252) in their Refuge System Fishing/Shrimping/ bear on designated areas of the refuge possession while hunting in disabled Crabbing/Frogging Application (FWS subject to the following conditions: areas. Form 3–2358). (i) The conditions set forth at (B) Disabled hunters may have an (ii) We prohibit the use and/or paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (iii), (v), and assistant who must be age 18 or older possession of lead sinkers. (vi), and (2)(ii) through (iv) of this and remain within sight and normal ■ 20. Amend § 32.40 by revising section apply. voice contact. Assistants must possess a paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d), (f), (g), and (ii) We prohibit organized deer drives. printed and signed copy of a permit (h) to read as follows: We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an from Recreation.gov and a valid organized or planned effort to pursue, government-issued photo identification. § 32.40 Massachusetts. drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport * * * * * cause deer to move in the direction of fishing and crabbing in designated areas (a) Assabet River National Wildlife any person(s) who is part of the of the refuge subject to the following Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird organized or planned hunt and known conditions: hunting. We allow hunting of waterfowl to be waiting for the deer. (i) We allow fishing and crabbing and woodcock on designated areas of (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport from designated shoreline areas located the refuge subject to the following fishing on designated areas of the refuge at the Ingleside Recreation Area from conditions: subject to the following conditions:

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(i) We allow catch-and-release fishing cause deer to move in the direction of waterfowl on designated areas of the only. any person(s) who is part of the refuge by boat subject to the following (ii) We allow the use of live bait with organized or planned hunt and known condition: We allow the use of dogs the exception of any amphibians or to be waiting for the deer. consistent with State regulations. reptiles (frogs, salamanders, etc.). (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (2)–(3) [Reserved] (b) Great Meadows National Wildlife fishing on designated areas of the (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird refuge. fishing on designated areas of the refuge hunting. We allow hunting of waterfowl (c) Mashpee National Wildlife subject to the following conditions: on designated areas of the refuge subject Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird (i) We allow fishing from legal sunrise to the following conditions: hunting. We allow migratory game bird to legal sunset on designated portions of (i) We allow hunters to enter the hunting on designated areas of the the Monomoy Islands unless otherwise refuge 11⁄2 hours before legal shooting refuge subject to the following posted. hours, and they must exit the refuge by conditions: (ii) We allow surf fishing from the 11⁄2 hours after legal shooting hours. (i) We allow hunters to access the Morris Island shore 24 hours a day. (ii) Hunters must obtain and possess refuge 11⁄2 hours before legal shooting * * * * * a refuge-specific hunting permit (FWS hours until 11⁄2 hours after legal (f) Oxbow National Wildlife Refuge— Form 3–2439, Hunt Application— shooting hours. (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We National Wildlife Refuge System) to (ii) Hunters may begin scouting allow hunting of waterfowl, woodcock, hunt on the refuge. hunting areas 4 weeks prior to the and Wilson’s snipe on designated areas (iii) Hunters may begin scouting opening day of your permitted season. of the refuge subject to the following hunting areas 4 weeks prior to the We require possession of a valid refuge conditions: opening day of your permitted season. hunting permit (FWS Form 3–2439, (i) We allow hunters to enter the We require possession of a valid Hunt Application—National Wildlife refuge 11⁄2 hours before legal shooting hunting permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Refuge System) while scouting. hours, and they must exit the refuge by Hunt Application—National Wildlife (iii) We allow the use of dogs 11⁄2 hours after legal shooting hours. Refuge System) while scouting. consistent with State regulations. (ii) Hunters must obtain and possess (iv) One nonhunting companion may (iv) One nonhunting companion may a refuge-specific hunting permit (FWS accompany each permitted hunter. We accompany each permitted hunter. We Form 3–2439, Hunt Application— prohibit nonhunting companions from prohibit nonhunting companions from National Wildlife Refuge System) to hunting, but they may assist in other hunting, but they may assist in other hunt on the refuge. means. All companions must carry means. All companions must carry (iii) Hunters may begin scouting identification and stay with the hunter. identification and stay with the hunter. hunting areas 4 weeks prior to the (v) Hunters may use temporary tree (v) Hunters must clearly label tree opening day of your permitted season. stands and ground blinds while engaged stands and ground blinds with their We require possession of a valid refuge in hunting during the applicable State hunting license number. hunting permit (FWS Form 3–2439, seasons. Hunters must mark stands and (vi) Migratory waterfowl hunting Hunt Application—National Wildlife blinds with their permit number. hours are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to Refuge System) while scouting. Hunters must remove all stands and legal sunset. (iv) We allow the use of dogs blinds within 30 days after the end of (2) Upland game hunting. We allow consistent with State regulations. the permitted season. hunting of coyote, fox, raccoon, (v) Hunters may use temporary tree (vi) We allow the use of dogs opossum, gray squirrel, quail, pheasant, stands and ground blinds while engaged consistent with State regulations. crow, and ruffed grouse on designated in hunting during the applicable (vii) Migratory waterfowl hunting areas of the refuge subject to the seasons. Hunters must mark stands and hours are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to following conditions: blinds with their permit number. legal sunset. (i) The conditions set forth at Hunters must remove all stands and (2) Upland game hunting. We allow paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (iv) of this blinds within 30 days after the end of hunting of coyote on designated areas of section apply. the permitted season. the refuge subject to the following (ii) Upland and big game hunting (vi) One nonhunting companion may conditions: hours are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to accompany each permitted hunter. We (i) The conditions set forth at 1⁄2 hour after legal sunset. prohibit nonhunting companions from paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii), (iv), (3) Big game hunting. We allow hunting, but they can assist in other and (vi) of this section apply. hunting of white-tailed deer and wild means. All companions must carry (ii) Upland and big game hunting turkey on designated areas of the refuge identification and stay with the hunter. hours are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to subject to the following conditions: (vii) Migratory waterfowl hunting 1 ⁄2 hour after legal sunset. (i) The conditions set forth at hours are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to (iii) We allow archery hunting only paragraphs (c)(1)(i), (ii), (iv), and (v), legal sunset. for upland game. and (c)(2)(ii) of this section apply. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (3) Big game hunting. We allow (ii) We prohibit organized deer drives. hunting of ruffed grouse, gray squirrel, archery hunting of whitetail deer, We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an coyote, fox, and eastern cottontail rabbit turkey, and bear on designated areas of organized or planned effort to pursue, on designated areas of the refuge subject the refuge subject to the following drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or to the following conditions: conditions: cause deer to move in the direction of (i) The conditions set forth at (i) The conditions set forth at any person(s) who is part of the paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (vi) of this paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (v) and organized or planned hunt and known section apply. (b)(2)(ii) of this section apply. to be waiting for the deer. (ii) Upland and big game hunting (ii) We prohibit organized deer drives. (4) [Reserved] hours are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an (d) Monomoy National Wildlife 1⁄2 hour after legal sunset. organized or planned effort to pursue, Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird (iii) Hospital Road North Unit and drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or hunting. We allow hunting of migratory Still River Depot Area are archery only.

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(iv) We prohibit the use of handguns (A) We allow archery, primitive of the refuge subject to the following or rifles for hunting. firearms, shotgun, and crossbow (by condition: The conditions set forth at (3) Big game hunting. We allow MassWildlife permit only, for certain paragraphs (h)(1)(i) and (h)(2)(ii) of this hunting of white-tailed deer, turkey, and disabled persons) hunting during a section apply. bear on designated areas of the refuge designated 2-day hunt on the first (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport subject to the following conditions: Wednesday and Thursday of the State fishing on designated areas of the refuge (i) The conditions set forth at shotgun deer season. subject to the following conditions: paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (iii), (v), and (B) You must have a lottery-issued (i) The conditions set forth at (vi) and (2)(ii) and (iv) of this section hunt permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt paragraphs (h)(1)(i) and (ii) of this apply. Application—National Wildlife Refuge section apply. (ii) We prohibit organized deer drives. System) to hunt during this 2-day time (ii) We prohibit launching of We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an period. motorboats from the refuge. organized or planned effort to pursue, (iii) We allow hunting of deer and (iii) We prohibit the use of reptiles drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or wild turkey in Areas A, B, C, and D and amphibians as bait. cause deer to move in the direction of subject to the following condition: You ■ 21. Amend § 32.42 by revising any person(s) who is part of the may take deer using archery equipment paragraphs (b)(2) introductory text, organized or planned hunt and known only. (m)(1)(v), and (o) to read as follows: to be waiting for the deer. (4) Sport fishing. We allow saltwater (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport fishing on designated areas of the refuge § 32.42 Minnesota. fishing in designated areas of the refuge. subject to the following conditions: * * * * * (g) Parker River National Wildlife (i) We allow saltwater fishing on the (b) * * * Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird ocean beach from legal sunrise to legal (2) Upland game hunting. We allow hunting. We allow hunting of duck, sunset without a refuge permit. hunting of ring-necked pheasant, goose, brant, coot, crow, merganser, rail, (ii) Stage Island is open to fishing Hungarian partridge, cottontail and jack snipe, and woodcock on designated from legal sunrise to legal sunset. rabbit, raccoon, striped skunk, gray and areas of the refuge subject to the (iii) Nelson Island is open to fishing fox squirrel, red and gray fox, and wild following conditions: from legal sunrise to legal sunset. turkey on designated areas of the refuge (i) Hunters may enter the refuge 1⁄2 (iv) We allow walk-on night fishing subject to the following conditions: hour before legal shooting hours and after legal sunset with a valid refuge 1 * * * * * must exit the refuge by ⁄2 hour after permit (FWS Form 3–2358, National (m) * * * legal shooting hours. Wildlife Refuge System Fishing/ (1) * * * (ii) We prohibit the use of centerfire Shrimping/Crabbing/Frogging rifles and handguns to hunt any species. (v) We allow hunting on the Spieker Application; vehicle sticker issued by (iii) We prohibit shooting across tract in Clay County, as governed by the refuge office). refuge roads and within or into applicable State regulations. (v) We allow anglers to use over-the- administratively closed zones. sand, surf-fishing vehicles, or off-road * * * * * (iv) We prohibit launching motorized (o) Rydell National Wildlife Refuge— boats for scouting purposes prior to vehicles (ORVs) with a valid refuge permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We hunting. allow hunting of goose, duck, coot, (v) We allow the use of dogs Application—National Wildlife Refuge System) and permit fee, as determined woodcock, and mourning dove on consistent with State regulations. designated areas of the refuge subject to (vi) We allow crow hunting only from in an annual lottery. the following conditions: September 1 through February 28. (h) Silvio O. Conte National Fish and (i) We only allow hunting of goose, (vii) Migratory waterfowl hunting Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game duck, and coot during the special State- hours are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to bird hunting. We allow hunting of legal sunset. migratory game birds on designated administered youth waterfowl season. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow areas subject to the following (ii) We allow the use of dogs while hunting of ruffed grouse, pheasant, conditions: hunting, provided the dog is under the cottontail rabbit, hare, gray squirrel, (i) Hunters may access the refuge 11⁄2 immediate control of the hunter at all coyote, fox, raccoon, and opossum on hours before legal sunrise until 11⁄2 times. designated areas of the refuge subject to hours after legal sunset. (iii) Hunters must dismantle hunting the following conditions: (ii) We prohibit access to Third Island blinds, platforms, and ladders made (i) The conditions set forth at between January 1 and June 30. from natural vegetation at the end of paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (iii), and (v) (iii) We allow the use of dogs each day. (with the exception that we prohibit consistent with State regulations. (iv) We allow nonmotorized boats in dogs while hunting furbearers) of this (iv) Migratory waterfowl hunting areas open to migratory bird hunting section apply. hours are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to during the special State-administered (ii) Upland and big game hunting legal sunset. youth waterfowl season. hours are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (v) We prohibit hunting during the 1⁄2 hour after legal sunset. hunting of upland game on designated Spring Light Goose Conservation Order. (3) Big game hunting. We allow areas of the refuge subject to the (vi) We allow the use of wheeled, hunting of white-tailed deer and wild following conditions: nonmotorized conveyance devices (e.g., turkey on designated areas of the refuge (i) The conditions set forth at bikes, game carts). subject to the following conditions: paragraphs (h)(1)(i) through (iii) of this (vii) We prohibit entry onto the refuge (i) The conditions set forth at section apply. earlier than 2 hours before legal paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (iii) and (ii) Upland and big game hunting shooting time, and we require hunters to (g)(2)(ii) of this section apply. hours are 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to leave the refuge no later than 2 hours (ii) We allow hunting of white-tailed 1⁄2 hour after legal sunset. after legal shooting time. deer on Plum Island subject to the (3) Big game hunting. We allow (2) Upland game hunting. We allow following conditions: hunting of big game on designated areas hunting of ring-necked pheasant, gray

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(Hungarian) partridge, ruffed grouse, mergansers, coot, rails, snipe, and hunting. We allow hunting of duck, prairie grouse, rabbit (cottontail and woodcock on designated areas of the goose, merganser, coot, rail, snipe, jack), snowshoe hare, squirrel (fox and refuge subject to the following woodcock, and dove on designated gray), and wild turkey on designated conditions: areas of the refuge subject to the areas of the refuge subject to the (i) All hunters age 16 and older must following conditions: following conditions: possess a State-issued North Mississippi (i) All hunters age 16 and older must (i) The conditions set forth at NWR hunting permit (code 606, possess a North Mississippi NWR paragraphs (o)(1)(ii), (iii), (vi), and (vii) available from the Mississippi hunting permit (code 606, available of this section apply. Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and from the Mississippi Department of (ii) You may use or possess only Parks). While hunting on the refuge, all Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks). While approved nontoxic shot shells (see persons age 15 and younger (‘‘youth hunting on the refuge, all persons age 15 § 32.2(k)) in the field while hunting hunter’’) must be in the presence and and younger (‘‘youth hunter’’) must be turkey. under the direct supervision of a in the presence and under the direct (iii) We prohibit the use of centerfire, licensed or exempt hunter age 21 or supervision of a licensed or exempt rimfire, or muzzleloading rifles, and older. A hunter supervising a youth hunter at age 21 or older (‘‘licensed handguns. hunter must hold all required licenses hunter’’). A hunter supervising a youth (3) Big game hunting. We allow and permits. hunter must hold all required licenses hunting of white-tailed deer on (ii) Hunters may enter the refuge at 4 and permits. designated areas of the refuge subject to a.m. and must exit the refuge no later (ii) Hunters may enter the refuge at 4 the following conditions: than 12 p.m. (noon). a.m. and must exit the refuge no later (i) We prohibit shooting at a big game (iii) We allow hunting of migratory than 2 hours after legal sunset except animal or a decoy of a big game animal game birds, including under the Light during raccoon and frog hunts. on, from, over, across, or within 30 feet Goose Conservation Order, only on (iii) We allow hunting of waterfowl (9 meters) of a roadway open to public Wednesdays, Saturdays, and Sundays. (ducks, teal, mergansers, coots, and vehicle transportation. (iv) Each hunter must obtain a daily geese), rail and snipe, including under (ii) We require a State-issued permit Migratory Bird Hunt Report (FWS Form the Light Goose Conservation Order, to hunt white-tailed deer in the Special 3–2361). You must display the card in only on Wednesdays, Saturdays, and Permit Area of the refuge. plain view on the dashboard of your Sundays ending at 12 p.m. (noon). (iii) Archery is the only legal weapon vehicle so that the State-issued license (iv) Each hunter must obtain a daily for hunting deer, with the exception of number is readable. Prior to leaving the Migratory Bird Hunt Report (FWS Form during the special State-administered refuge, you must complete the reverse 3–2361). You must display the card in mentored youth hunt and disabled hunt. side of the card and deposit it at one of plain view on the dashboard of your (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport the refuge information stations. Include vehicle so that the State-issued license fishing on designated areas of the refuge all game harvested, and if you harvest number is readable. Prior to leaving the subject to the following conditions: no game, report ‘‘0.’’ We prohibit refuge, you must complete the card and (i) We prohibit the taking of any hunters possessing more than one deposit it at one of the refuge turtle, frog, leech, minnow, crayfish, Migratory Bird Hunt Report at a time. information stations. Include all game and mussel (clam) species by any (v) It is unlawful to hunt from or harvested, and if you harvest no game, method on the refuge (see § 27.21 of this shoot into the 100-foot (30.5-meter) zone report ‘‘0.’’ We prohibit hunters chapter). along either side of designated roads possessing more than one Migratory (ii) We allow fishing from May 1 and parking lots. through November 1. (vi) We allow the use of dogs on the Bird Hunt Report at a time. refuge when hunting migratory game (v) It is unlawful to hunt from or * * * * * shoot into the 100-foot (30.5-meter) zone ■ 22. Amend § 32.43 by: birds. (vii) You must remove decoys, blinds, along either side of designated roads ■ a. Revising paragraphs (b)(1) and (2); and parking lots. ■ b. Removing paragraph (b)(4)(i) and boats, other personal property, and litter from the hunting area following each (vi) We allow the use of dogs on the (v); refuge when hunting migratory game ■ c. Redesignating (b)(4)(ii) through (iv) morning’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this chapter). birds and upland game. We prohibit the as (b)(4)(i) through (iii); use of dogs during big game hunts. ■ d. Revising paragraphs (c), (e), (f)(2) (viii) We allow no more than 25 (vii) You must remove decoys, blinds, and (3), (g)(1)(i), (iv), and (x), (g)(2), shotshells per person in the field. boats, other personal property, and litter (g)(3)(i) and (v), (g)(4)(iv), (h)(1)(i) and (ix) We allow the take of beavers, from the hunting area following each (v), (h)(2), (h)(3)(iv) and (vi), (h)(4)(i), coyotes, nutria, and feral hog during morning’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 (i)(1)(i) and (v), (i)(2), (i)(3)(iv), (vi), and daylight hours only during any open of this chapter). (viii), (i)(4)(i), (l), and (m)(1)(i) and (v); season with weapons and ammunition (viii) We allow no more than 25 ■ e. Adding new paragraph (m)(1)(xi); legal for that season. shotshells per person in the field. and (2) Upland game hunting. We allow ■ f. Revising paragraphs (m)(2)(ii) and hunting of quail, squirrel, and rabbit on (ix) We allow the take of coyote, (iii), and (m)(3)(i), (iv), (vi), and (vii); designated areas of the refuge subject to beaver, nutria, and feral hog incidental and the following conditions: to other lawful hunting using legal ■ g. Adding new paragraph (m)(3)(viii). (i) The conditions set forth at methods of take. The revisions and addition read as paragraphs (b)(1)(i), (ii), (v), and (ix) of (2) Upland game hunting. We allow follows: this section apply. hunting of quail, squirrel, rabbit, and (ii) All hunters using shotguns for raccoon on designated areas of the § 32.43 Mississippi. small game must use approved nontoxic refuge subject to the following * * * * * shot (see § 32.2(k)). conditions: (b) * * * * * * * * (i) You must possess a valid general (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We (c) Dahomey National Wildlife Special Use Permit (FWS Form 3–1383– allow hunting of migratory ducks, geese, Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird G) to hunt raccoon on the refuge.

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(ii) Each hunter must obtain a daily (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport considered hunting if you have a loaded Upland/Small Game/Furbearer Report fishing on designated areas of the refuge weapon, if you have a nocked arrow (FWS Form 3–2362). You must display subject to the following conditions: while bow hunting, or if you are in an the card in plain view on the dashboard (i) We prohibit the use or possession elevated tree stand or ground blind with of your vehicle so that the State-issued of alcoholic beverages while fishing. a means to take, within these areas. license number is readable. Prior to (ii) We prohibit possession or use of (vii) Hunters must remove all decoys, leaving the refuge, you must complete jugs, seines, nets, hand-grab baskets, slat blind material, and harvested waterfowl the card and deposit it at one of the traps/baskets, or any other similar from the area no later than 1 p.m. each refuge information stations. Include all devices. day (see § 27.93 of this chapter). game harvested, and if you harvest no (iii) We prohibit commercial fishing (viii) We allow the use of dogs for game, report ‘‘0.’’ We prohibit hunters of any kind. retrieving migratory birds. possessing more than one Upland/Small (iv) We only allow trotlines, yo-yos, (ix) We allow goose, duck, merganser, Game/Furbearer Report at a time. limb lines, crawfish traps, or any other and coot hunting beginning 1⁄2 hour (iii) The conditions set forth at similar devices and only for recreational before legal sunrise until 12 p.m. (noon). paragraphs (c)(1)(i), (ii), (v) and (ix) of use. You must tag or mark these devices (x) We do not open for early teal this section apply. with the angler’s State fishing license season. number written with waterproof ink, (xi) We limit waterfowl hunters to 25 (3) Big game hunting. We allow shotshells per person in the field. hunting of white-tailed deer on legibly inscribed or legibly stamped on the tag. You must attend these devices (2) Upland game hunting. We allow designated areas of the refuge subject to hunting of squirrel, rabbit, quail, the following conditions: a minimum of once every 24 hours. When not attended, you must remove raccoon, opossum, coyote, beaver, (i) Each hunter must obtain a daily bobcat, and nutria on designated areas Big Game Harvest Report (FWS Form 3– these devices from the refuge (see § 27.93 of this chapter). of the refuge subject to the following 2359). You must display the card in conditions: plain view on the dashboard of your (v) We allow frogging and crawfishing. (i) The conditions set forth at vehicle so that the State-issued license paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through (vi) of this number is readable. Prior to leaving the * * * * * section apply. refuge, you must complete the card and (e) Hillside National Wildlife Refuge— (ii) We allow the use of dogs for deposit it at one of the refuge (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We hunting squirrel, raccoon, and quail, information stations. Include all game allow hunting of goose, duck, and for the February rabbit hunt. harvested, and if you harvest no game, merganser, coot, and dove on designated (iii) Beginning the first day after the report ‘‘0.’’ We prohibit hunters areas of the refuge subject to the deer muzzleloader hunt, we prohibit possessing more than one Big Game following conditions: entry into the Turkey Point area until Harvest Report at a time. (i) Each person age 16 or older March 1. (ii) The conditions set forth at hunting or fishing must possess a valid (3) Big game hunting. We allow paragraphs (c)(1)(i), (ii), (v), and (ix) of Theodore Roosevelt Complex Annual hunting of white-tailed deer, turkey, and this section apply. Public Use Permit (FWS Form 3–2439, feral hog on designated areas of the Hunt Application—National Wildlife (iii) We prohibit organized deer refuge subject to the following Refuge System). drives. We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an conditions: (ii) All youth hunters age 15 and organized or planned effort to pursue, (i) The conditions set forth at younger must be in the presence and drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through (vi) and direct supervision of a Mississippi cause deer to move in the direction of (e)(2)(iii) of this section apply. licensed or exempt hunter, age 21 or any person(s) who is part of the (ii) We prohibit organized drives. We older. One adult may supervise no more organized or planned hunt and known define a ‘‘drive’’ as an organized or than one youth hunter. to be waiting for the deer. planned effort to pursue, drive, chase, or (iii) Before hunting or fishing, all otherwise frighten or cause game to (iv) We prohibit hunting or shooting participants must display their Daily move in the direction of any person(s) across any open, fallow, or planted Visitor Information/Harvest Report Card who is part of the organized or planned field. (Big Game Harvest Report, FWS Form hunt and known to be waiting for the (v) We allow valid permit holders to 3–2359) in plain view in their vehicle so game. possess and hunt from one portable that the State-issued license number is (iii) Hunting or shooting within or stand or blind on the refuge. You must readable. You must return all cards adjacent to open fields and tree clearly label your stand or blind with upon completion of the activity and plantations less than 5 feet (1.5 meters your State license/sportsmen’s before leaving the refuge. (m)) in height must be from a stand a identification number. Stands left in the (iv) We prohibit all other public use minimum of 10 feet (3 m) above the area do not reserve the hunting on the refuge during the muzzleloader ground. locations. You may place stands up to deer and limited draw turkey hunts. (iv) The refuge brochure provides deer 7 days prior to the hunt, and you must (v) Valid permit holders may check station locations and remove them within 7 days after the incidentally take opossum, coyote, requirements. Prior to leaving the refuge’s deer season closes (see § 27.93 beaver, bobcat, and nutria in any refuge refuge, you must check all harvested of this chapter). We prohibit the hunt season with weapons legal for that deer at the nearest self-service check placement of ground blinds within hunt. Valid permit holders may station (Big Game Harvest Report, FWS mowed trails. incidentally take feral hog during deer Form 3–2359) following the posted (vi) Hunters using a climbing tree and turkey hunts only. instructions. stand must use a fall-arrest system (vi) We prohibit hunting or shooting (v) Hunters may possess and hunt manufactured to Treestand into a 100-foot (30.5-meter) zone along from only one stand or blind. Hunters Manufacturer’s Association standards. either side of pipelines, power line may place a deer stand or blind 48 (vii) We prohibit the use of buckshot rights-of-way, designated roads, and hours prior to a hunt and must remove on the refuge. trails, and around parking lots. It is it within 48 hours after each designated

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hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter), with beaver, bobcat, and nutria in any refuge (x) We allow hunting during open the exception of closed areas where hunt season with weapons legal for that State seasons. The first 2 days of the special regulations apply. hunt. Valid permit holders may season and all weekends, with the (vi) During designated muzzleloader incidentally take feral hog during deer exception of youth weekends, are hunts, we allow archery equipment and hunts only. limited draw hunts. These hunts require muzzleloaders loaded with a single (vi) We allow the use of dogs for a Limited Hunt Permit (FWS Form 3– projectile; we prohibit breech-loading hunting during the February rabbit 2439, Hunt Application—National firearms of any type. hunt. Refuge System) assigned by random (vii) Turkey hunting opportunities (vii) We prohibit hunting or shooting computer drawing. At the end of the will consist of three limited draw hunts into a 100-foot (30.5-meter (m)) zone hunt, you must return the permit with within the State season time frame. along either side of pipelines, power information concerning your hunt. If Limited draw hunts require a Limited line rights-of-way, designated roads, and you fail to return this permit, you will Hunt Permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt trails, and around parking lots. It is not be eligible for any limited hunts the Application—National Wildlife Refuge considered hunting if you have a loaded next year. weapon, if you have a nocked arrow System) assigned by random computer * * * * * drawing. At the end of the hunt, you while bow hunting, or if you are in an (2) Upland game hunting. We allow must return the permit with information elevated tree stand or ground blind with hunting of squirrel, rabbit, raccoon, concerning the hunt to the refuge. a means to take, within these areas. opossum, coyote, beaver, bobcat, and (3) Big game hunting. We allow Failure to return this permit will nutria on designated areas of the refuge hunting of white-tailed deer and feral disqualify the hunter for any limited subject to the following conditions: hog on designated areas of the refuge hunts the next year. (i) The conditions set forth at subject to the following conditions: (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (v) of this fishing on designated areas of the refuge (i) The conditions set forth at paragraphs (f)(2)(i) through (iii), (v), and section apply. subject to the following conditions: (ii) We allow the use of dogs for (i) The conditions set forth at (vii) of this section apply. (ii) We prohibit organized drives. We hunting squirrel and raccoon, and for paragraphs (e)(1)(i), (iii), (iv), and the February rabbit hunt. (e)(2)(iii) of this section apply. define a ‘‘drive’’ as an organized or planned effort to pursue, drive, chase, or (iii) Beginning the day before (ii) We prohibit trotlines, limb lines, waterfowl season, we restrict hunting to jugs, seines, and traps. otherwise frighten or cause game to move in the direction of any person(s) the waterfowl hunt area. (iii) We allow frogging during the (3) * * * who is part of the organized or planned State bullfrog season. (i) The conditions set forth at hunt and known to be waiting for the (iv) We allow fishing in the borrow paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (v) and game. ponds along the north levee throughout (g)(2)(iii) of this section apply. the year except during the muzzleloader (iii) Hunting or shooting within or adjacent to open fields or tree * * * * * deer hunt. (v) Hunters may possess and hunt (v) We open all other refuge waters to plantations less than 5 feet (1.5 m) in height must be from a stand a minimum from only one stand or blind. Hunters fishing March 1 through November 15. may place a deer stand or blind 48 (f) * * * of 10 feet (3 m) above the ground. hours prior to a hunt and must remove (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (iv) Hunters may possess and hunt it within 48 hours after each designated hunting of rabbit, opossum, coyote, from only one stand or blind. Hunters hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter), with beaver, bobcat, and nutria on designated may place a deer stand or blind 48 the exception of closed areas where areas of the refuge subject to the hours prior to a hunt and must remove special regulations apply. following conditions: it within 48 hours after each designated (i) Each person age 16 or older hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter), with * * * * * hunting or fishing must possess a valid the exception of closed areas where (4) * * * Theodore Roosevelt Complex Annual special regulations apply. (iv) We open refuge waters to fishing Public Use Permit (FWS Form 3–2439, (v) During designated muzzleloader throughout the year, except in the Hunt Application—National Wildlife hunts, we allow archery equipment and waterfowl sanctuary, which is closed Refuge System)). muzzleloaders loaded with a single one day prior to the beginning of (ii) All youth hunters age 15 and projectile; we prohibit breech-loading waterfowl season until March 1. younger must be in the presence and firearms of any type. (h) * * * direct supervision of a Mississippi * * * * * (1) * * * (i) Each person age 16 or older who licensed or exempt hunter, age 21 or (g) * * * is hunting or fishing must possess a older. One adult may supervise no more (1) * * * valid Theodore Roosevelt Complex than one youth hunter. (i) Each person age 16 or older who (iii) Before hunting or fishing, all is hunting or fishing must possess a Annual Public Use Permit (FWS Form participants must display their Daily valid Theodore Roosevelt Complex 3–2439, Hunt Application—National Visitor Information/Harvest Report Card Annual Public Use Permit (FWS Form Wildlife Refuge System). (Big Game Harvest Report, FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt Application—National * * * * * 3–2359) in plain view in their vehicle so Wildlife Refuge System). (v) Valid permit holders may that the required information is * * * * * incidentally take opossum, coyote, readable. You must return all cards (iv) Valid permit holders may beaver, bobcat, and nutria in any refuge upon completion of the activity and incidentally take opossum, coyote, hunt season with weapons legal for that before leaving the refuge. beaver, bobcat, and nutria in any refuge hunt. Valid permit holders may (iv) We prohibit all other public use hunt season with weapons legal for that incidentally take feral hog during deer on the refuge during the muzzleloader hunt. Valid permit holders may hunts only. deer hunt. incidentally take feral hog during deer * * * * * (v) Valid permit holders may hunts only. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow incidentally take opossum, coyote, * * * * * hunting of squirrel, rabbit, quail,

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raccoon, opossum, coyote, beaver, (vi) During designated muzzleloader (vi) We allow the use of dogs on the bobcat, and nutria on designated areas hunts, we allow archery equipment and refuge when hunting migratory game of the refuge subject to the following muzzleloaders loaded with a single birds and upland game. We prohibit the conditions: projectile; we prohibit breech-loading use of dogs during big game hunts. (i) The conditions set forth at firearms of any type. (vii) You must remove decoys, blinds, paragraphs (h)(1)(i) through (vi) of this * * * * * boats, other personal property, and litter section apply. (viii) Limited draw hunts require a from the hunting area following each (ii) We allow the use of dogs for Limited Hunt Permit (FWS Form 3– morning’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 hunting squirrel, quail, and raccoon, 2439, Hunt Application—National of this chapter). and for the February rabbit hunt. Wildlife Refuge System) assigned by (viii) We allow no more than 25 (3) * * * random computer drawing. At the end shotshells per person in the field. (iv) The refuge brochure provides deer of the hunt, you must return the permit (ix) We allow the take of beavers, check station locations and coyotes, nutria, and feral hogs during requirements. Prior to leaving the with information concerning the hunt to the refuge. Failure to return this permit daylight hours only during any open refuge, you must check all harvested season with weapons and ammunition deer at the nearest self-service check will disqualify the hunter for any limited hunts the next year. legal for that season. station (Big Game Harvest Report, FWS (2) Upland game hunting. We allow Form 3–2359) following the posted * * * * * hunting of quail, squirrel, rabbit, nutria instructions. (4) * * * and raccoon on designated areas of the (i) The conditions set forth at * * * * * refuge subject to the following paragraphs (i)(1)(i), (iii), (iv), and (x) of (vi) During designated muzzleloader conditions: hunts, we allow archery equipment and this section apply. (i) The conditions set forth at muzzleloaders loaded with a single * * * * * paragraphs (l)(1)(i), (ii), (iv) (substitute projectile; we prohibit breech-loading (l) Tallahatchie River National Big Game Harvest Report [FWS Form 3– firearms of any type. Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game 2359] for Migratory Bird Hunt Report (4) * * * bird hunting. We allow hunting of duck, [FWS Form 3–2361]), (v), and (ix) of this (i) The conditions set forth at geese, merganser, coot, rail, snipe, section apply. paragraphs (h)(1)(i), (iii), and (iv) of this woodcock, and dove on designated (ii) All hunters using shotguns for section apply. areas of the refuge subject to the small game must use approved nontoxic * * * * * following conditions: shot (see § 32.2(k)). (i) * * * (i) All hunters age 16 and older must (3) Big game hunting. We allow (1) * * * possess a North Mississippi NWR hunting of white-tailed deer and feral (i) Each person age 16 or older who hunting permit (code 606, available hog on designated areas of the refuge is hunting or fishing must possess a from the Mississippi Department of subject to the following conditions: valid Theodore Roosevelt Complex Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks). While (i) The conditions set forth at Annual Public Use Permit (FWS Form hunting on the refuge, all persons age 15 paragraphs (l)(1)(i), (ii), and (iv) 3–2439, Hunt Application—National and younger (‘‘youth hunter’’) must be (substitute Big Game Harvest Report Wildlife Refuge System). in the presence and under the direct [FWS Form 3–2359] for Migratory Bird * * * * * supervision of a licensed or exempt Hunt Report [FWS Form 3–2361]) of this (v) Valid permit holders may hunter age 21 or older. A hunter section apply. incidentally take opossum, coyote, supervising a youth hunter must hold (ii) We prohibit dogs while hunting beaver, bobcat, and nutria in any refuge all required licenses and permits. deer. We allow the use of dogs to hunt hunt season with weapons legal for that (ii) Hunters may enter the refuge at 4 feral hog during designated hog seasons. hunt. Valid permit holders may a.m. and must exit the refuge no later (iii) We prohibit organized deer incidentally take feral hog during deer than 2 hours after legal sunset except drives. We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an and turkey hunts only. during raccoon and frog hunts. organized or planned effort to pursue, * * * * * (iii) We allow hunting of waterfowl drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (ducks, teal, mergansers, coot, and cause deer to move in the direction of hunting of squirrel, rabbit, quail, geese), rail, and snipe, including under any person(s) who is part of the raccoon, opossum, coyote, beaver, the Light Goose Conservation Order, organized or planned hunt and known bobcat, and nutria on designated areas only on Wednesdays, Saturdays, and to be waiting for the deer. of the refuge subject to the following Sundays ending at 12 p.m. (noon). (iv) We prohibit hunting or shooting conditions: (iv) Each hunter must obtain a daily across any open, fallow, or planted (i) The conditions set forth at Migratory Bird Hunt Report (FWS Form field. paragraphs (i)(1)(i) through (vi) and (x) 3–2361). You must display the card in (v) We allow valid permit holders to of this section apply. plain view on the dashboard of your possess and hunt from one portable (ii) We allow the use of dogs for vehicle so that the State-issued license stand or blind on the refuge. You must hunting squirrel, quail, and raccoon, number is readable. Prior to leaving the permanently and legibly write your and for the February rabbit hunt. refuge, you must complete the card and State hunting license number on all (3) * * * deposit it at one of the refuge stands on the refuge. Stands left on the (iv) The refuge brochure provides deer information stations. Include all game area do not reserve the hunting check station locations and harvested, and if you harvest no game, locations. You may place stands up to requirements. Prior to leaving the report ‘‘0.’’ We prohibit hunters 7 days prior to the hunt, and you must refuge, you must check all harvested possessing more than one Migratory remove them no more than 7 days after deer at the nearest self-service check Bird Hunt Report at a time. the refuge’s deer season closes (see station (Big Game Harvest Report, FWS (v) It is unlawful to hunt from or § 27.93 of this chapter). Ground blinds Form 3–2359) following the posted shoot into the 100-foot (30.5-meter) zone may not be placed within mowed trails. instructions. along either side of designated roads (vi) Hunters using climbing tree * * * * * and parking lots. stands must use a fall-arrest system

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manufactured to Treestand (i) The conditions set forth at you must remove them by December 15 Manufacturer’s Association standards. paragraphs (m)(1)(i) through (vi) and (xi) of each year (see § 27.93 of this chapter). (vii) We prohibit the use of buckshot of this section apply. (iv) We prohibit hunting of black bear on the refuge. * * * * * during the State spring season. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (iv) The refuge brochure provides deer * * * * * fishing on designated areas of the refuge check station locations and ■ 24. Amend § 32.46 by: subject to the following conditions: requirements. Prior to leaving the ■ a. Revising paragraphs (b) and (c); (i) We prohibit the use or possession refuge, you must check all harvested ■ b. Redesignating paragraphs (d) of alcoholic beverages while fishing. deer at the nearest self-service check through (f) as paragraphs (e) through (g); (ii) We prohibit possession or use of station (Big Game Harvest Report, FWS ■ c. Adding a new paragraph (d); and jugs, seines, nets, hand-grab baskets, slat Form 3–2359) following the posted ■ d. Revising newly redesignated traps/baskets, or any other similar instructions. paragraphs (e), (f)(2) and (3), and (g). devices. * * * * * The revisions and addition read as (iii) We prohibit commercial fishing (vi) During designated muzzleloader follows: of any kind. hunts, we allow archery equipment and § 32.46 Nebraska. (iv) We only allow trotlines, yo-yos, muzzleloaders loaded with a single limb lines, crawfish traps, or any other projectile; we prohibit breech-loading * * * * * (b) Crescent Lake National Wildlife similar devices for recreational use. You firearms of any type. must tag or mark these devices with the (vii) Limited draw hunts require a Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird angler’s State fishing license number Limited Hunt Permit (FWS Form 3– hunting. We allow hunting of coot, written in waterproof ink, legibly 2439, Hunt Application—National crow, dove, duck, goose, merganser, rail, inscribed or legibly stamped on the tag. Wildlife Refuge System) assigned by and snipe on designated areas of the You must attend these devices a random computer drawing. At the end refuge subject to the following minimum of once every 24 hours. When of the hunt, you must return the permit conditions: (i) Hunters may access the refuge from not attended, you must remove them with information concerning the hunt to 2 hours before legal sunrise until 2 from the refuge (see § 27.93 of this the refuge. Failure to return this permit hours after legal sunset. chapter). will disqualify the hunter for any (v) We prohibit snagging or (ii) We allow the use of dogs. limited hunts the next year. (iii) We open the refuge to hunting attempting to snag fish. (viii) We allow white-tailed deer from September 1 through March 15. (vi) We allow frogging and hunting on the Brown Tract of Theodore (iv) We prohibit publicly organized crawfishing. Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge that hunts unless authorized under a Special (m) * * * is managed by Yazoo National Wildlife Use Permit (FWS Form 3–1383–C). (1) * * * Refuge. (i) Each person age 16 or older who (2) Upland game hunting. We allow * * * * * is hunting or fishing must possess a hunting of cottontail and jack rabbit, ■ valid Theodore Roosevelt Complex 23. Amend § 32.45 by: coyote, porcupine, prairie dog, State- ■ Annual Public Use Permit (FWS Form a. Revising paragraph (n)(1)(v); defined furbearers, ring-necked ■ b. Adding paragraph (n)(2); 3–2439, Hunt Application—National pheasant, and prairie grouse on ■ c. Removing paragraph (n)(3)(iv); Wildlife Refuge System). designated areas of the refuge subject to ■ d. Redesignating paragraphs (n)(3)(v) the following conditions: * * * * * through (n)(3)(viii) as paragraphs (i) The conditions set forth at (v) Valid permit holders may (n)(3)(iv) through (n)(3)(vii); paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iv) of this incidentally take opossum, coyote, ■ e. Revising paragraph (w)(3) section apply. beaver, bobcat, and nutria in any refuge introductory text and (w)(3)(iii); and (ii) We allow electronic calls for hunt season with weapons legal for that ■ f. Adding paragraph (w)(3)(iv). coyote and furbearer hunting. hunt. Valid permit holders may The revisions and additions read as (iii) Coyotes and all furbearers or their incidentally take feral hog during deer follows: parts, if left in the field, must be left at hunts only. § 32.45 Montana. least 50 yards away from any road, trail, * * * * * or building. Otherwise, hunters must * * * * * (xi) Limited draw hunts require a remove them from the refuge. (n) * * * Limited Hunt Permit (FWS Form 3– (iv) Shooting hours are from 1⁄2 hour (1) * * * 2439, Hunt Application—National before legal sunrise until 1⁄2 hour after Wildlife Refuge System) assigned by (v) Each hunter must set the appropriate blind selector (metal flip legal sunset. random computer drawing. At the end (3) Big game hunting. We allow tag) before and after hunting. of the hunt, you must return the permit hunting of white-tailed deer, mule deer, with information concerning that hunt * * * * * and pronghorn antelope on designated to the refuge. Failure to return this (2) Upland game hunting. We allow areas of the refuge subject to the permit will disqualify the hunter for any hunting of turkey on designated areas of following condition: The conditions set limited hunts the next year. the refuge. forth at paragraphs (b)(1)(i), (iii), and (2) * * * * * * * * (iv) of this section apply. (ii) We allow the use of dogs for (w) * * * (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport hunting squirrel and raccoon, and for (3) Big game hunting. We allow fishing on designated areas of the refuge the February rabbit hunt. archery hunting of bear, elk, white- subject to the following conditions: (iii) We allow rabbit hunting on the tailed deer, and mule deer on (i) Anglers may enter the refuge 1 Brown Tract of Theodore Roosevelt designated areas of the refuge subject to hour before legal sunrise and remain National Wildlife Refuge that is the following conditions: until 1 hour after legal sunset. managed by Yazoo National Wildlife * * * * * (ii) We open Blue, Smith, Crane, and Refuge. (iii) You may install portable stands Island Lake to fishing year-round. We (3) * * * and blinds no sooner than August 1, and close all other refuge lakes to fishing.

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(iii) We prohibit leaving temporary (i) The conditions set forth at January 14, and we close the Minatare shelters used for fishing overnight on paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (ii) of this and Winters Creek Units to all public the refuge. section apply. entry from October 15 through January (c) Fort Niobrara National Wildlife (ii) We prohibit the use of limb or set 14. Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird lines. (ii) Hunters must be 15 years of age hunting. We allow hunting of coot, (iii) We prohibit the take of baitfish, or younger (‘‘youth hunters’’). A crow, dark goose, dove, duck, light reptiles, and amphibians. licensed hunter 19 years of age or older goose, rail, snipe, teal, and woodcock on (iv) We prohibit use or possession of (‘‘adult guide’’) must accompany youth designated areas of the refuge subject to alcoholic beverages while fishing on hunters. Adult guides must not hunt or the following conditions: refuge lands and waters. carry firearms. (i) Hunters and anglers may access the (d) John W. and Louise Seier National (iii) We close the refuge to public use refuge from 2 hours before legal sunrise Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game from legal sunset to legal sunrise. Youth until 2 hours after legal sunset. bird hunting. We allow hunting of coot, hunters and adult guides may enter the (ii) We allow access from designated crow, dark goose, dove, duck, light designated hunting area 1 hour prior to areas of the refuge. goose, merganser, rail, snipe, teal, and legal sunrise. (iii) You must remove all blinds and woodcock on designated areas of the (iv) We allow the use of dogs for decoys at the conclusion of each day’s refuge subject to the following hunting upland game. hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter). conditions: (3) Big game hunting. We allow (iv) We allow the use of dogs when (i) Hunters may access the refuge from archery hunting of mule deer and white- hunting August 1 through April 30. 2 hours before legal sunrise until 2 tailed deer on designated areas of the (2) Upland game hunting. We allow hours after legal sunset. refuge subject to the following hunting of badger, bobcat, coyote, fox, (ii) You must remove all blinds and conditions: long-tailed weasel, mink, opossum, decoys at the conclusion of each day’s (i) The condition set forth at prairie dog, porcupine, rabbit, hare, hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter). paragraph (e)(2)(i) of this section raccoon, skunk, squirrel, woodchuck, (iii) We allow the use of dogs August applies. State-defined furbearers, greater prairie 1 through April 31. (ii) We close the refuge to public use chicken, grouse, partridge, pheasant, (2) Upland game hunting. We allow from legal sunset to legal sunrise. quail, and turkey on designated areas of hunting of badger, bobcat, coyote, fox, However, archery deer hunters may the refuge subject to the following long-tailed weasel, mink, opossum, enter the designated hunting area 1 hour conditions: prairie dog, porcupine, rabbit, hare, prior to legal sunrise and remain until (i) The conditions set forth at raccoon, skunk, squirrel, woodchuck, 1 hour after legal sunset. paragraphs (c)(1)(i), (ii), and (iv) of this State-defined furbearers, greater prairie (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport section apply. chicken, grouse, partridge, pheasant, fishing on designated areas of the (ii) We allow hunting with quail, and turkey on designated areas of refuge. muzzleloader, archery, shotgun, and the refuge subject to the following (f) * * * falconry. conditions: (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (iii) You may only possess nontoxic (i) The conditions set forth at upland game hunting on designated shot when hunting turkey (see paragraphs (d)(1)(i) and (iii) of this areas of the district subject to the § 32.2(k)). section apply. following condition: The conditions set (iv) Shooting hours for coyote, prairie (ii) You may only possess nontoxic forth at paragraphs (f)(1)(i) and (ii) of dog, porcupine, woodchuck, and State- shot when hunting turkey (see this section apply. defined furbearers are 1⁄2 hour before § 32.2(k)). (3) Big game hunting. We allow big legal sunrise to 1⁄2 hour after legal (iii) Shooting hours for coyote, prairie game hunting on designated areas of the sunset. dog, porcupine, woodchuck, and State- district subject to the following (3) Big game hunting. We allow defined furbearers are 1⁄2 hour before condition: The conditions set forth at hunting of deer, elk, and pronghorn legal sunrise to 1⁄2 hour after legal paragraphs (f)(1)(i) and (ii) of this antelope on designated areas of the sunset. section apply. refuge subject to the following (3) Big game hunting. We allow conditions: hunting of deer, elk, and pronghorn * * * * * (i) The conditions set forth at antelope on designated areas of the (g) Valentine National Wildlife paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (ii) of this refuge subject to the following Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird section apply. conditions: hunting. We allow hunting of coot, (ii) We allow hunting only with (i) The condition set forth at crow, dove, dark goose, duck, light muzzleloader and archery equipment. paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section goose, merganser, rail, snipe, and (iii) We allow portable tree stands and applies. woodcock on designated areas of the ground blinds to be used from August (ii) We allow portable tree stands and refuge subject to the following 16 through January 31. ground blinds to be used from August conditions: (iv) We allow muzzleloader deer 16 through January 31. (i) We allow hunter access from 2 hunting subject to the following (4) [Reserved] hours before legal sunrise to 2 hours condition: Hunters must possess a (e) North Platte National Wildlife after legal sunset. refuge hunt permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Refuge. (1) [Reserved] (ii) We allow the use of dogs. Hunt Application—National Wildlife (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (iii) We prohibit shooting from a Refuge System) and comply with all of youth hunting of pheasant, porcupine, motor vehicle or across any refuge its terms and conditions. prairie dog, rabbit, State-defined roadway or right-of-way. (4) Sport fishing. We allow fishing on furbearers, squirrel, turkey, and coyote (iv) You must remove all blinds and Minnechaduza Creek and on the on designated areas of the refuge subject decoys at the conclusion of each day’s Niobrara River, downstream from the to the following conditions: hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter). Cornell Dam, subject to the following (i) We close the Lake Alice Unit to all (2) Upland game hunting. We allow conditions: public entry from November 1 through hunting of cottontail rabbit, coyote,

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partridge, prairie chicken, quail, ring- (B) We limit overnight stays to 4 (a) * * * neck pheasant, State-defined furbearers, consecutive nights at one location, and (1) * * * sharp-tailed grouse, squirrel, and turkey to 12 consecutive nights on the refuge. (ii) We allow the use of dogs on designated areas of the refuge subject (2) Upland game hunting. We allow consistent with State regulations. to the following conditions: hunting of quail, rabbit, turkey, badger, * * * * * (i) The conditions set forth at beaver, and coyote on designated areas (b) Silvio O. Conte National Fish and paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (iv) of this of the refuge subject to the following Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game section apply. conditions: bird hunting. We allow hunting of duck, (ii) We allow coyote and State-defined (i) The conditions set forth at goose, common snipe, and American furbearer hunting from September 1 to paragraphs (c)(1)(ii) and (iii) of this woodcock on designated areas of the March 31. Shooting hours are 1⁄2 hour section apply. refuge subject to the following before legal sunrise to 1⁄2 hour after legal (ii) We allow artificial lighting for condition: We allow the use of dogs sunset. hunting coyotes. consistent with State regulations. (iii) We prohibit the use of dogs to (3) Big game hunting. We allow (2) Upland game hunting. We allow hunt coyotes. hunting of mule deer and pronghorn on hunting of coyote, fox, raccoon, (iv) We prohibit the use of bait to hunt designated areas of the refuge subject to woodchuck, red squirrel, eastern gray coyotes. the following condition: The condition squirrel, porcupine, skunk, crow, (v) You may only possess nontoxic set forth at paragraph (c)(1)(iii) of this snowshoe hare, ring-necked pheasant, shot when hunting turkey (see section applies. and ruffed grouse on designated areas of § 32.2(k)). (4) [Reserved] the refuge subject to the following (3) Big game hunting. We allow * * * * * condition: We allow the use of dogs hunting of elk, white-tailed deer, mule (g) Stillwater National Wildlife consistent with State regulations. deer, and pronghorn antelope on Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird (3) Big game hunting. We allow designated areas of the refuge subject to hunting. We allow hunting of goose, hunting of white-tailed deer, moose, the following conditions: duck, swan, coot, merganser, snipe, and black bear, and wild turkey on (i) The conditions set forth at dove on designated areas of the refuge designated areas of the refuge subject to paragraphs (g)(1)(i) and (iii) of this subject to the following conditions: the following condition: We allow tree section apply. (i) We allow the use of dogs when stands and blinds that are clearly (ii) We allow portable tree stands and hunting game birds. marked with the owner’s State hunting ground blinds to be used from August (ii) We allow overnight stays while license number. 16 through January 31. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport hunting subject to the following (4) [Reserved] fishing on designated areas of the refuge conditions: (c) Umbagog National Wildlife subject to the following conditions: (A) You may stay overnight only at Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird (i) Anglers may enter the refuge 1 designated sites within the refuge hunting. We allow hunting of duck, boundary. goose, snipe, coot, crow, and woodcock hour before legal sunrise and remain 11⁄2 hours after legal sunset. (B) We limit overnight stays to 4 on designated areas of the refuge subject (ii) We prohibit the take of reptiles, consecutive nights at one location, and to the following condition: We allow the amphibians, and minnows (see § 27.21 to 12 consecutive nights on the refuge. use of dogs consistent with State of this chapter), with the exception that (2) Upland game hunting. We allow regulations. you may take bullfrogs on refuge lakes hunting of quail, rabbit, turkey, badger, (2) Upland game hunting. We allow open to fishing. beaver, and coyote on designated areas hunting of fox, raccoon, woodchuck, of the refuge subject to the following squirrel, porcupine, skunk, snowshoe ■ 25. Amend § 32.47 by: conditions: hare, ring-necked pheasant, and ruffed ■ a. Redesignating paragraphs (c) (i) Approved methods of take include grouse on designated areas of the refuge through (f) as paragraphs (d) through (g); ■ shotgun and federally approved non- subject to the following conditions: b. Adding a new paragraph (c); and 1 ■ lead shot, bow and arrow, and falconry. (i) We prohibit night hunting from ⁄2 c. Revising newly redesignated 1 paragraph (g). (ii) We allow the use of dogs when hour after legal sunset until ⁄2 hour The addition and revision read as hunting. before legal sunrise the following day. follows: (iii) The condition set forth at (ii) We allow the use of dogs paragraph (g)(1)(ii) of this section consistent with State regulations. § 32.47 Nevada. applies. (3) Big game hunting. We allow * * * * * (3) Big game hunting. We allow hunting of bear, white-tailed deer, (c) Fallon National Wildlife Refuge— hunting of mule deer and pronghorn on coyote, wild turkey, and moose on (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We designated areas of the refuge subject to designated areas of the refuge subject to allow hunting of goose, duck, swan, the following conditions: the following conditions: coot, merganser, snipe, and dove on (i) Approved methods of take include (i) We allow the use of dogs consistent designated areas of the refuge subject to shotgun, muzzle-loading rifle, and bow with State regulations. the following conditions: and arrow. (ii) Hunters must retrieve all species (i) We allow motorized and (ii) The condition set forth at harvested on the refuge. nonmotorized boats for hunting. paragraph (g)(1)(ii) of this section (iii) We allow temporary blinds and (ii) We allow the use of dogs when applies. tree stands that are clearly marked with hunting game birds. (4) [Reserved] the owner’s State hunting license (iii) We allow overnight stays while ■ 26. Amend § 32.48 by revising number. You may erect temporary hunting subject to the following paragraphs (a)(1)(ii), (b), and (c) to read blinds and tree stands no earlier than 14 conditions: as follows: days prior to the hunting season, and (A) You may stay overnight only at you must remove them within 14 days designated sites within the refuge § 32.48 New Hampshire. after the hunting season (see § 27.93 of boundary. * * * * * this chapter).

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(4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (2) Upland game hunting. We allow and woodchuck on designated areas of fishing on designated areas of the hunting of squirrel on designated areas the refuge subject to the following refuge. of the refuge subject to the following conditions: ■ 27. Amend § 32.49 by revising condition: The conditions set forth at (i) The conditions set forth at paragraphs (a), (b), (c)(3)(iii), (d)(1), and paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (ii) of this paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through (iii) of this (e) to read as follows: section apply. section apply. (3) Big game hunting. We allow (ii) We allow hunting from legal § 32.49 New Jersey. hunting of white-tailed deer and wild sunrise to legal sunset. * * * * * turkey on designated areas of the refuge (3) Big game hunting. We allow (a) Cape May National Wildlife subject to the following conditions: hunting of white-tailed deer, bear, and Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird (i) The condition set forth at wild turkey on designated areas of the hunting. We allow hunting of paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section refuge subject to the following waterfowl, coot, moorhen, rail, snipe, applies. conditions: and woodcock on designated areas of (ii) You must mark deer stands with (i) The conditions set forth at the refuge subject to the following the hunter’s New Jersey Conservation paragraphs (e)(1)(i) and (ii) of this conditions: Identification Number. You must section apply. (i) The snipe season on the refuge remove deer stands from the refuge at (ii) We prohibit organized deer drives. begins with the start of the State early the end of the last day of the hunting We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an woodcock south zone season and season (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this organized or planned effort to pursue, continues through the end of the State chapter). drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or snipe season. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport cause deer to move in the direction of (ii) We allow the use of dogs fishing on designated areas of the refuge any person(s) who is part of the consistent with State regulations. subject to the following condition: We organized or planned hunt and known (iii) We prohibit falconry. to be waiting for the deer. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow prohibit the use of lead fishing tackle on the refuge. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport hunting of rabbit and squirrel on fishing on the refuge subject to the designated areas of the refuge subject to (c) * * * (3) * * * following conditions: the following conditions: (i) We open Owens Station Crossing (i) The conditions set forth at (iii) Hunters may put up tree stands beginning on the first scouting day, for catch-and-release fishing only. paragraphs (a)(1)(ii) and (iii) of this 1 except on the day of the refuge’s youth (ii) We allow fishing from ⁄2 hour section apply. before legal sunrise to 1⁄2 hour after legal (ii) We allow rabbit and squirrel hunt. Hunters must retrieve their stands by 12 p.m. (noon) on the Sunday after sunset. hunting following the end of the State’s (iii) We prohibit the taking of the last day of the hunt (see § 27.93 of 6-day firearm season for white-tailed amphibians and reptiles (see § 27.21 of this chapter). All hunters must put their deer, until the close of the regular rabbit this chapter). and squirrel season. Conservation Identification Number on (iv) We prohibit trapping fish for use (3) Big game hunting. We allow their stand, and they may have only one as bait. stand in the field at any one time. hunting of white-tailed deer and turkey ■ 28. Amend § 32.50 by: on designated areas of the refuge subject * * * * * ■ a. Revising paragraphs (a)(1)(i)(A) and to the following condition: Tree stands (d) * * * (a)(2) introductory text; must be marked with the owner’s New (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We ■ b. Adding paragraph (a)(2)(iii); and Jersey Conservation Identification allow hunting of goose and duck on ■ c. Revising paragraph (b). Number. designated areas of the refuge subject to The revisions and addition read as (4) Sport fishing. We allow saltwater the following condition: We allow the follows: sport fishing on designated areas of the use of dogs consistent with State refuge subject to the following regulations. § 32.50 New Mexico. conditions: * * * * * * * * * * (i) We allow fishing from 1 hour (e) Wallkill River National Wildlife (a) * * * before legal sunrise to 1 hour after legal Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird (1) * * * sunset. (i) * * * hunting. We allow hunting of migratory (ii) We close the Atlantic Ocean beach (A) You may hunt only on Tuesdays, birds on designated areas of the refuge annually to all access, including fishing, Thursdays, and Saturdays during the subject to the following conditions: between April 1 and September 30. period when the State seasons that (i) Hunters must obtain a refuge hunt (iii) We prohibit fishing for, or apply to the Middle Tract area are open. permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt possession of, shellfish on refuge lands. * * * * * (b) Edwin B. Forsythe National Application—National Wildlife Refuge System). We require hunters to possess (2) Upland game hunting. We allow Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game hunting of pheasant, quail (scaled, bird hunting. We allow hunting of a signed refuge hunt permit at all times while scouting and hunting on the Gambel’s, northern bobwhite, and waterfowl, coot, moorhen, and rail on Montezuma), Eurasian collared-dove, designated areas of the refuge subject to refuge. (ii) Hunters may enter the refuge 2 desert cottontail, and black-tailed the following conditions: jackrabbit on designated areas of the (i) We require hunters to possess a hours before legal shooting time and refuge subject to the following signed refuge hunt permit (Migratory must leave no later than 2 hours after conditions: Bird Hunt Application FWS Form 3– legal shooting time. 2439, Hunt Application—National (iii) We allow the use of dogs * * * * * Wildlife Refuge System) at all times consistent with State regulations. (iii) We allow Eurasian collared-dove while scouting and hunting on the (2) Upland game hunting. We allow hunting on the North Tract only during refuge. hunting of coyote, fox, crow, ruffed the season that is concurrently open for (ii) We allow the use of dogs grouse, opossum, raccoon, pheasant, dove hunting within the State. consistent with State regulations. chukar, rabbit/hare/jackrabbit, squirrel, * * * * *

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(b) Bosque del Apache National activities. You may take feral hog only (iii) For hunting of rail, gallinule, Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game with a method allowed within each snipe, and woodcock, we allow hunting bird hunting. We allow hunting of refuge hunt unit. We prohibit the use of during the State seasons east of Sour mourning dove, white-winged dove, and dogs for this activity. Springs Road by all hunters, except we light goose on designated areas of the (4) Sport fishing. We allow fishing on close rail, gallinule, snipe and refuge subject to the following designated areas of the refuge subject to woodcock hunting during refuge conditions: the following conditions: waterfowl hunt days to hunters without (i) We allow hunting of light goose in (i) We allow fishing from April 1 a refuge waterfowl permit. the North Special Hunt Area on dates to through September 30. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow be determined by refuge staff. Hunters (ii) We allow fishing from 1⁄2 hour hunting of ruffed grouse, gray squirrel, must possess a permit available through before legal sunrise until 1⁄2 hour after cottontail rabbit, pheasant, coyote, fox, a lottery drawing (FWS Form 3–2439, legal sunset. raccoon, skunk, and opossum on Hunt Application—National Wildlife (iii) We prohibit trotlines, bow designated areas of the refuge subject to Refuge System). fishing, seining, dip netting, and traps. the following conditions: (ii) Hunting hours for mourning and (iv) We allow frogging for bullfrog on (i) The condition set forth at white-winged dove are from 1⁄2 hour the refuge in areas that are open to paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section before legal sunrise to legal sunset. fishing. We allow the use of hook and applies. Hunting hours for light goose are from line, spears, gigs, and archery (ii) For small game hunting: 1 (A) We allow hunting from opening ⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to 12:00 equipment to take bullfrog. p.m. (noon) Mountain Time. * * * * * day of the State season until the last day (iii) You must remove all spent shells ■ of February. 29. Amend § 32.51 by: (B) We prohibit the use of raptors to and all other personal equipment at the ■ a. Revising paragraphs (c) and (d); end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 and ■ take small game. b. Adding paragraph (f)(3); (iii) For furbearer hunting, we 27.94 of this chapter). ■ c. Revising paragraphs (g)(3)(i) and prohibit hunting from legal sunset to (iv) We allow the use of dogs when (ii), (i), (j)(3), and (j)(4)(iv). hunting. legal sunrise. The revisions and addition read as (3) Big game hunting. We allow (v) We prohibit falconry on the refuge. follows: (vi) We allow the use of horses and hunting of white-tailed deer and turkey pack stock in support of hunting in the § 32.51 New York. on designated areas of the refuge subject East Hunt Unit only. * * * * * to the following conditions: (i) We require a refuge permit (FWS (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (c) Iroquois National Wildlife Form 3–2439, Hunt Application— hunting of scaled, Gambel’s, northern Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird National Wildlife Refuge System) for bobwhite, and Montezuma quail; hunting. We allow hunting of duck, cottontail rabbit; black-tailed jackrabbit; spring turkey hunting. goose, rail, coot, gallinule, woodcock, (ii) The condition set forth at and Eurasian collared-dove on and snipe on designated areas of the paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section designated areas of the refuge subject to refuge subject to the following applies. the following conditions: conditions: (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (i) The conditions set forth at (i) We allow the use of dogs consistent fishing and frogging on designated areas paragraphs (b)(1)(iv) through (vi) of this with State regulations. of the refuge subject to the following section apply. (ii) For hunting of duck, goose, and 1 conditions: (ii) Hunting hours are from ⁄2 hour coot: (i) We allow fishing and frogging from 1 before legal sunrise to ⁄2 after legal (A) We allow hunting on Saturday of legal sunrise to legal sunset. sunset. the New York State Youth Days. (ii) We prohibit collecting fish for use (3) Big game hunting. We allow (B) We allow hunting Tuesdays, as bait. hunting of mule deer, javelina, oryx, Thursdays, and Saturdays during the (d) Montezuma National Wildlife and bearded Rio Grande turkey on regular waterfowl season, excluding Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird designated areas of the refuge subject to opening day of deer firearms season. hunting. We allow hunting of the following conditions: (C) We require proof of successful waterfowl, Canada goose, snow goose, (i) The conditions set forth at completion of the New York State and gallinule on designated areas of the paragraphs (b)(1)(vi) and (b)(2)(ii) of this waterfowl identification course, the refuge subject to the following section apply. Iroquois nonresident waterfowl conditions: (ii) We allow hunting of bearded Rio identification course, or a suitable (i) We allow the use of dogs consistent Grande turkey for youth hunters in the nonresident State waterfowl with State regulations. North Special Hunt Area and South identification course. All hunters must (ii) For the regular waterfowl season: Special Hunt Area during the State- show proof of successful course (A) We require daily refuge permits established youth hunt and on completion each time they hunt. (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt Application— weekends April through May during the (D) We require a refuge hunt permit National Wildlife Refuge System) and State-established general spring turkey (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt Application— reservations; we issue permits to hunt. All hunters must fill out FWS National Wildlife Refuge System). hunters with a reservation for that hunt Form 3–2439 (Hunt Application— (E) We allow hunting from legal day. We require you to complete and National Wildlife Refuge System) and starting time until 12 p.m. (noon). We return your permit by the end of the pay a fee. The permit is available require hunters to return a completed hunt day. through a lottery drawing. If selected, Migratory Bird Hunt Report (FWS Form (B) We allow hunting only on you must carry your refuge hunt permit 3–2361) no later than 1 p.m. on the day Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays (FWS Form 3–2439) at all times during of the hunt. during the established refuge season set the hunt. (F) Hunters must remain in within the State western zone season. (iii) We allow incidental take of feral designated hunting areas, unless We allow a youth waterfowl hunt hog by those legally licensed for, and actively pursuing downed or crippled during New York State’s established participating in, other big game hunting birds. youth waterfowl hunt each year.

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(C) All hunters with reservations and (i) The condition set forth at squirrel, pheasant, bobwhite quail, their hunting companions must check- paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section ruffed grouse, crow, red/gray fox, in at the Route 89 Hunter Check Station applies. coyote, bobcat, raccoon, skunk, mink, area at least 1 hour before legal shooting (ii) You must possess a valid daily weasel, and opossum on designated time or forfeit their reservation. hunt permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt areas of the refuge subject to the (D) We allow motorless boats to hunt Application—National Wildlife Refuge following conditions: waterfowl. We limit hunters to one boat System). We require you to complete (i) The conditions set forth at per reservation and one motor vehicle in and return the daily hunt permit card by paragraphs (i)(1)(i) through (iii) of this the hunt area per reservation. the end of the hunt day. section apply. (E) We prohibit shooting from within (iii) We allow white-tailed deer and (ii) We allow hunting from legal 500 feet (152.4 meters) of the Tschache turkey hunters to access the refuge from sunrise to legal sunset. Pool observation tower. 2 hours before legal sunrise until 2 (3) Big game hunting. We allow (F) We require proof of successful hours after the end of legal shooting hunting of white-tailed deer, bear, and completion of the New York State time. wild turkey on designated areas of the waterfowl identification course, the (iv) We allow youth and special big refuge subject to the following Montezuma nonresident waterfowl game hunts during New York State’s conditions: (i) The conditions set forth at identification course, or a suitable established youth and special big game paragraphs (i)(1)(i) and (ii), and (i)(2)(ii) nonresident State waterfowl hunts each year. of this section apply. identification course. All hunters must (4) Sport fishing. We allow access for fishing from designated areas of the (ii) We prohibit organized deer drives. show proof of successful course We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an completion each time they hunt. refuge subject to the following condition: We prohibit the use of lead organized or planned effort to pursue, (G) You may hunt gallinule only drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or fishing tackle. during the regular waterfowl season. cause deer to move in the direction of (iii) For Canada goose and snow goose * * * * * any person(s) who is part of the hunting: (f) * * * organized or planned hunt and known (A) We allow hunting of Canada goose (3) Big game hunting. We allow to be waiting for the deer. during the New York State September hunting of white-tailed deer on (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport season and of snow goose during designated areas of the refuge subject to fishing on designated areas of the refuge portions of the New York State snow the following conditions: subject to the following conditions: goose season and portions of the period (i) We allow archery hunting on (i) We open Owens Station Crossing covered by the Light Goose specific days between November 1 and for catch-and-release fishing only. Conservation Order. January 31. (ii) We allow fishing from 1⁄2 hour (B) You must possess a valid daily (ii) Hunters must obtain and possess before legal sunrise to 1⁄2 hour after legal hunt permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt a refuge-specific permit (FWS Form 3– sunset. Application—National Wildlife Refuge 2439, Hunt Application—National (iii) We prohibit the taking of System). We require you to complete Wildlife Refuge System) for hunting on amphibians and reptiles. and return the daily hunt permit card by the refuge. (iv) We prohibit minnow/bait the end of the hunt day. * * * * * trapping. (C) For snow goose hunting, hunters (g) * * * (j) * * * may enter the refuge no earlier than 4 (3) * * * (3) Big game hunting. We allow hours before legal sunrise. For Canada (i) Hunters must purchase and possess hunting of white-tailed deer and turkey goose hunting, hunters may enter the a signed refuge hunt permit (FWS Form within designated areas of the refuge refuge no earlier than 2 hours before 3–2439, Hunt Application—National subject to the following conditions: legal sunrise. Wildlife Refuge System) at all times (i) We allow archery and shotgun (2) Upland game hunting. We allow while scouting and hunting on the hunting of white-tailed deer during hunting of rabbit and squirrel on refuge. specific days between November 1 and designated areas of the refuge subject to (ii) You may hunt deer using archery January 31. (ii) We require a permit (FWS Form the following conditions: equipment only. 3–2439, Hunt Application—National (i) The condition set forth at * * * * * Wildlife Refuge System) for hunting on paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section (i) Wallkill River National Wildlife the refuge. applies. Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird (iii) Hunters assigned to Unit 5 must (ii) You must possess a valid daily hunting. We allow hunting of migratory hunt from portable tree stands and must hunt permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt birds on designated areas of the refuge direct aim away from a public road and/ Application—National Wildlife Refuge subject to the following conditions: or dwelling. System) and are required to complete (i) Hunters must obtain and possess a (4) * * * and return the daily hunt permit card by signed refuge hunt permit (FWS Form (iv) We prohibit the taking of baitfish the end of each hunt day. 3–2439, Hunt Application—National and frogs. (iii) We allow upland game hunters to Wildlife Refuge System) at all times ■ 30. Amend § 32.52 by revising access the refuge from 2 hours before while scouting and hunting on the paragraph (f)(1)(vi), and adding legal sunrise until 2 hours after legal refuge. paragraph (f)(1)(ix), to read as follows: sunset. (ii) Hunters may enter the refuge 2 (iv) We require the use of approved hours before legal shooting time and § 32.52 North Carolina. nontoxic shot for upland game hunting leave no later than 2 hours after legal * * * * * (see § 32.2(k)). shooting time. (f) * * * (3) Big game hunting. We allow (iii) We allow the use of dogs (1) * * * hunting of white-tailed deer and wild consistent with State regulations. (vi) Shooting hours are from 1⁄2 hour turkey on designated areas of the refuge (2) Upland game hunting. We allow before legal sunrise until 12 p.m. (noon). subject to the following conditions: hunting of rabbit/hare, gray/black/fox * * * * *

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(ix) Hunting by youth hunters (age 16 (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (3) Big game hunting. We allow big and younger) is subject to the following hunting of pheasant, sharp-tailed game hunting on designated areas of the conditions: grouse, partridge, cottontail rabbit, and district. (A) Validly licensed adults, age 21 or fox on designated areas of the refuge (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport older, holding applicable permits must subject to the following conditions: fishing on designated areas of the accompany and supervise, remaining in (i) We allow hunting of upland game district subject to the following sight and voice contact at all times, any birds on the day following the close of condition: You must remove boats, youth hunters. Each adult may the State firearm deer season through motor vehicles, fishing equipment, and supervise no more than two youth the end of the regular upland bird other personal property (excluding ice hunters. season. houses) by legal sunset (see §§ 27.93 and (B) Youth hunters must possess and (ii) We allow hunting of cottontail 27.94 of this chapter). carry evidence of successful completion rabbit and fox on the day following the (e) Audubon National Wildlife Refuge. of a State-approved hunter education close of the State firearm deer season (1) [Reserved] course. through March 31. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (C) We allow hunting on Tuesdays, (3) Big game hunting. We allow deer hunting of ring-necked pheasant, gray Wednesdays, Fridays, and Saturdays hunting on designated areas of the partridge, and sharp-tailed grouse on during the late and youth waterfowl refuge subject to the following designated areas of the refuge subject to State seasons. conditions: the following conditions: * * * * * (i) We prohibit entering the refuge (i) We open to upland game hunting before legal shooting hours on the annually on the day following the close ■ 31. Revise § 32.53 to read as follows: opening day of firearms deer season. We of the regular deer gun season, and we § 32.53 North Dakota. require all hunters to be off the refuge close as governed by the State season. 1 2 (ii) We allow game retrieval without The following refuge units are open 1 ⁄ hours after legal sunset. (ii) We allow deer hunting on the a firearm up to 100 yards (90 meters) for hunting and/or fishing as governed refuge during the State youth deer inside the refuge boundary fence and by applicable Federal and State season. closed areas of the refuge. Retrieval time regulations, and are listed in (iii) After harvesting a deer, firearm may not exceed 10 minutes. You may alphabetical order with additional deer hunters must wear blaze orange on use dogs to assist in retrieval. refuge-specific regulations. the refuge. (3) Big game hunting. We allow (a) Appert Lake National Wildlife (iv) We allow access by foot travel hunting of white-tailed and mule deer Refuge. (1) [Reserved] only. You may use a vehicle on on designated areas of the refuge subject (2) Upland game hunting. We allow designated refuge roads and trails to to the following conditions: hunting of all State-defined species retrieve deer during the following times (i) We close the refuge to hunting subject to the following condition: only: 9:30 to 10 a.m.; 1:30 to 2 p.m.; and during the State’s special youth deer Access is controlled by the individual 1⁄2 hour after legal sunset for 1 hour. hunting season. landowner. (v) We allow temporary tree stands, (ii) Hunters may use designated refuge (3) Big game hunting. We allow blinds, and game cameras for daily use; roads to retrieve downed deer. hunting of all State-defined species you must remove them by the end of (iii) We allow only portable tree subject to the following condition: each day’s hunt (see § 27.93 of this stands. You must remove all tree stands Access is controlled by the individual chapter). at the end of each day’s hunt (see landowner. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this chapter). (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport fishing on designated areas of the refuge (4) Sport fishing. We allow ice fishing fishing on designated areas of the refuge subject to the following conditions: on designated areas of the refuge. subject to the following conditions: (i) We allow boats at idle speed only (f) Audubon Wetland Management (i) Access is controlled by the on Arrowwood Lake and Jim Lake from District—(1) Migratory game bird individual landowner. May 1 to September 30 of each year. hunting. We allow migratory game bird (ii) We prohibit boats during the (ii) We allow ice fishing and dark hunting on designated areas of the regular North Dakota waterfowl season. house spearfishing. We allow district subject to the following (b) Ardoch National Wildlife Refuge. snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles condition: You must remove boats, (1) [Reserved] (ATVs), utility terrain vehicles (UTVs), decoys, portable blinds, other personal (2) Upland game hunting. We allow motor vehicles, and fish houses on the property, and any materials brought hunting of all State-defined species ice as conditions allow. onto the area for blind construction by subject to the following condition: (iii) You may use and leave fish the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 Access is controlled by the individual houses on the ice overnight until March and 27.94 of this chapter). landowner. 15. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (3) Big game hunting. We allow (d) Arrowwood Wetland Management upland game hunting on designated hunting of all State-defined species District—(1) Migratory game bird areas of the district. subject to the following condition: hunting. We allow migratory game bird (3) Big game hunting. We allow big Access is controlled by the individual hunting on designated areas of the game hunting on designated areas of the landowner. district subject to the following district. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport condition: You must remove boats, (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport fishing on designated areas of the refuge decoys, portable blinds, other personal fishing on designated areas of the subject to the following conditions: property, and any materials brought district subject to the following (i) Access is controlled by the onto the area for blind construction at condition: You must remove boats, individual landowner. the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 motor vehicles, fishing equipment, and (ii) We prohibit boats during the and 27.94 of this chapter). other personal property (excluding ice regular North Dakota waterfowl season. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow houses) by the end of each day’s fishing (c) Arrowwood National Wildlife upland game hunting on designated activity (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this Refuge. (1) [Reserved] areas of the district. chapter).

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(g) Bone Hill National Wildlife Refuge. subject to the following condition: Access is controlled by the individual (1) [Reserved] Access is controlled by the individual landowner. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow landowner. (o) Crosby Wetland Management hunting of all State-defined species (k) Canefield Lake National Wildlife District—(1) Migratory game bird subject to the following condition: Refuge. (1) [Reserved] hunting. We allow migratory game bird Access is controlled by the individual (2) Upland game hunting. We allow hunting on designated areas of the landowner. hunting of all State-defined species district subject to the following (3) Big game hunting. We allow subject to the following condition: condition: You must remove boats, hunting of all State-defined species Access is controlled by the individual decoys, portable blinds, other personal subject to the following condition: landowner. property, and any materials brought Access is controlled by the individual (3) Big game hunting. We allow onto the area for blind construction by landowner. hunting of all State-defined species the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport subject to the following condition: and 27.94 of this chapter). fishing on designated areas of the refuge Access is controlled by the individual (2) Upland game hunting. We allow subject to the following conditions: landowner. upland game hunting on designated (i) Access is controlled by the (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport areas of the district. individual landowner. fishing on designated areas of the refuge (3) Big game hunting. We allow big (ii) We prohibit boats during the subject to the following conditions: game hunting on designated areas of the regular North Dakota waterfowl season. (i) Access is controlled by the district. (h) Brumba National Wildlife Refuge. individual landowner. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (1) [Reserved] (ii) We prohibit boats during the fishing on designated areas of the (2) Upland game hunting. We allow regular North Dakota waterfowl season. district subject to the following hunting of all State-defined species (l) Chase Lake National Wildlife condition: You must remove boats, subject to the following condition: Refuge. (1)–(2) [Reserved] motor vehicles, fishing equipment, and Access is controlled by the individual (3) Big game hunting. We allow deer other personal property (excluding ice landowner. hunting on designated areas of the houses) by the end of each day’s fishing (3) Big game hunting. We allow refuge. activity (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this hunting of all State-defined species (4) [Reserved] chapter). subject to the following condition: (m) Chase Lake Wetland Management (p) Dakota Lake National Wildlife Access is controlled by the individual District—(1) Migratory game bird Refuge. (1) [Reserved] landowner. hunting. We allow migratory game bird (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport hunting on designated areas of the hunting of all State-defined species fishing on designated areas of the refuge district subject to the following subject to the following condition: subject to the following conditions: conditions: You must remove boats, Access is controlled by the individual (i) Access is controlled by the decoys, portable blinds, other personal landowner. individual landowner. property, and any materials brought (3) Big game hunting. We allow (ii) We prohibit boats during the onto the area for blind construction by hunting of all State-defined species regular North Dakota waterfowl season. the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 subject to the following condition: (i) Buffalo Lake National Wildlife and 27.94 of this chapter). Access is controlled by the individual Refuge. (1) [Reserved] (2) Upland game hunting. We allow landowner. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow upland game hunting on designated (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport hunting of all State-defined species areas of the district. fishing on designated areas of the refuge subject to the following condition: (3) Big game hunting. We allow big subject to the following conditions: (i) Access is controlled by the Access is controlled by the individual game hunting on designated areas of the individual landowner. landowner. district. (ii) We prohibit boats during the (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (3) Big game hunting. We allow regular North Dakota waterfowl season. hunting of all State-defined species fishing on designated areas of the (q) Des Lacs National Wildlife Refuge. subject to the following condition: district subject to the following (1) [Reserved] Access is controlled by the individual condition: You must remove boats, (2) Upland game hunting. We allow landowner. motor vehicles, fishing equipment, and hunting of fox, sharp-tailed grouse, (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport other personal property (excluding ice Hungarian partridge, turkey, and ring- fishing on designated areas of the refuge houses) by the end of each day’s fishing necked pheasant on designated areas of subject to the following condition: activity (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this the refuge subject to the following Access is controlled by the individual chapter). conditions: landowner. (n) Cottonwood Lake National (i) We open for upland game bird (j) Camp Lake National Wildlife Wildlife Refuge. (1) [Reserved] hunting on the day following the close Refuge. (1) [Reserved] (2) Upland game hunting. We allow of the regular deer gun season through (2) Upland game hunting. We allow hunting of all State-defined species the end of the State season. hunting of all State-defined species subject to the following condition: (ii) We allow the use of hunting dogs subject to the following condition: Access is controlled by the individual for retrieval of upland game. Access is controlled by the individual landowner. (iii) We allow fox hunting from the landowner. (3) Big game hunting. We allow day following the regular firearm deer (3) Big game hunting. We allow hunting of all State-defined species season until March 31. hunting of all State-defined species subject to the following condition: (iv) We prohibit accessing refuge subject to the following condition: Access is controlled by the individual lands from refuge waters. Access is controlled by the individual landowner. (3) Big game hunting. We allow deer landowner. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport and moose hunting on designated areas (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport fishing on designated areas of the refuge of the refuge subject to the following fishing on designated areas of the refuge subject to the following condition: conditions:

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(i) We only allow the use of portable (ii) We prohibit boats during the (i) We open the refuge to hunting for tree stands and ground blinds. We regular North Dakota waterfowl season. sharp-tailed grouse, Hungarian prohibit leaving stands and blinds (t) Hiddenwood Lake National partridge, and ring-necked pheasant overnight on the refuge (see § 27.93 of Wildlife Refuge. (1) [Reserved] north of the Willow-Upham road on the this chapter). (2) Upland game hunting. We allow day following the close of the regular (ii) We prohibit entry to the refuge hunting of all State-defined species firearm deer season. before 12 p.m. (noon) on the first day of subject to the following condition: (ii) We open the refuge to fox hunting the respective bow, gun, or Access is controlled by the individual on the day following the close of the muzzleloader deer hunting seasons. landowner. regular firearm deer season. Fox hunting (iii) The condition set forth at (3) Big game hunting. We allow on the refuge closes March 31. paragraph (q)(2)(iv) of this section hunting of all State-defined species (iii) Hunters may possess only applies. subject to the following condition: approved nontoxic shot (see § 32.2(k)) (4) [Reserved] Access is controlled by the individual for all upland game hunting, including (r) Devils Lake Wetland Management landowner. turkey. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport District—(1) Migratory game bird (3) Big game hunting. We allow fishing on designated areas of the refuge hunting. We allow migratory game bird hunting of deer and moose on subject to the following condition: hunting on designated areas of the designated areas of the refuge subject to Access is controlled by the individual district subject to the following the following conditions: condition: You must remove boats, landowner. (u) Hobart Lake National Wildlife (i) You must possess and carry a decoys, portable blinds, other personal refuge permit to hunt antlered deer on property, and any materials brought Refuge. (1) [Reserved] (2) Upland game hunting. We allow the refuge outside the nine public onto the area for blind construction by hunting areas during the regular the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 hunting of all State-defined species subject to the following condition: firearms season. and 27.94 of this chapter). (ii) We prohibit entry to the refuge (2) Upland game hunting. We allow Access is controlled by the individual before 12 p.m. (noon) on the first day of upland game hunting on designated landowner. the respective bow, gun, or areas of the district subject to the (3) Big game hunting. We allow muzzleloader deer hunting seasons. You following condition: You must remove hunting of all State-defined species may access refuge roads open to the boats, decoys, portable blinds, other subject to the following condition: public before 12 p.m. (noon). personal property, and any materials Access is controlled by the individual (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport brought onto the area for blind landowner. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport fishing on designated areas of the refuge construction by the end of each day’s fishing on designated areas of the refuge subject to the following conditions: hunt (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this subject to the following conditions: (i) We allow boat fishing from May 1 chapter). (i) Access is controlled by the through September 30. (3) Big game hunting. We allow big individual landowner. game hunting on designated areas of the (ii) We allow ice fishing and dark (ii) We prohibit boats during the house spearfishing. We allow district subject to the following regular North Dakota waterfowl season. condition: You must remove boats, snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles (v) Hutchinson Lake National Wildlife (ATVs), utility terrain vehicles (UTVs), decoys, portable blinds, other personal Refuge. (1) [Reserved] property, and any materials brought motor vehicles, and fish houses on the (2) Upland game hunting. We allow ice as conditions allow. onto the area for blind construction by hunting of all State-defined species the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 (x) J. Clark Salyer Wetland subject to the following condition: Management District—(1) Migratory and 27.94 of this chapter). Access is controlled by the individual (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport game bird hunting. We allow migratory landowner. game bird hunting on designated areas fishing on designated areas of the (3) Big game hunting. We allow of the district subject to the following district subject to the following hunting of all State-defined species condition: You must remove boats, condition: You must remove boats, subject to the following condition: motor vehicles, fishing equipment, and Access is controlled by the individual decoys, portable blinds, other personal other personal property (excluding ice landowner. property, and any materials brought houses) by the end of each day’s fishing (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport onto the area for blind construction by activity (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this fishing on designated areas of the refuge the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 chapter). subject to the following conditions: and 27.94 of this chapter). (s) Half Way Lake National Wildlife (i) Access is controlled by the (2) Upland game hunting. We allow Refuge. (1) [Reserved] individual landowner. upland game hunting on designated (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (ii) We prohibit boats during the areas of the district. hunting of all State-defined species regular North Dakota waterfowl season. (3) Big game hunting. We allow big subject to the following condition: (w) J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife game hunting on designated areas of the Access is controlled by the individual Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird district. landowner. hunting. We allow hunting of goose, (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (3) Big game hunting. We allow duck, and coot on designated areas of fishing on designated areas of the hunting of all State-defined species the refuge subject to the following district subject to the following subject to the following condition: condition: We allow the use of dogs for condition: You must remove boats, Access is controlled by the individual hunting and retrieving game birds. motor vehicles, fishing equipment, and landowner. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow other personal property (excluding ice (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport hunting of ruffed and sharp-tailed houses) by the end of each day’s fishing fishing on designated areas of the refuge grouse, Hungarian partridge, turkey, activity (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this subject to the following conditions: ring-necked pheasant, and fox on chapter). (i) Access is controlled by the designated areas of the refuge subject to (y) Johnson Lake National Wildlife individual landowner. the following conditions: Refuge. (1) [Reserved]

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(2) Upland game hunting. We allow (i) We prohibit trapping. (ii) Hunters must remove tree stands hunting of all State-defined species (ii) We allow portable tree stands. from the refuge at the end of each day’s subject to the following condition: Hunters must remove tree stands from hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter). Access is controlled by the individual the refuge by the end of each day’s hunt (4) [Reserved] landowner. (see § 27.93 of this chapter). (ff) Lake Otis National Wildlife (3) Big game hunting. We allow (4) Sport fishing. We allow ice fishing Refuge. (1) [Reserved] hunting of all State-defined species on designated areas of the refuge subject (2) Upland game hunting. We allow subject to the following condition: to the following conditions: hunting of all State-defined species Access is controlled by the individual (i) We allow vehicles and fish houses subject to the following condition: landowner. on the ice as conditions allow. Access is controlled by the individual (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (ii) We allow public access for ice landowner. fishing on designated areas of the refuge fishing from 5 a.m. to 10 p.m. (3) Big game hunting. We allow subject to the following conditions: (iii) You must remove ice fishing hunting of all State-defined species (i) Access is controlled by the shelters and personal property from the subject to the following condition: individual landowner. refuge by 10 p.m. each day (see §§ 27.93 Access is controlled by the individual (ii) We prohibit boats during the and 27.94 of this chapter). landowner. regular North Dakota waterfowl season. (bb) Lake George National Wildlife (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (z) Kulm Wetland Management Refuge. (1) [Reserved] fishing on designated areas of the refuge District—(1) Migratory game bird (2) Upland game hunting. We allow subject to the following conditions: hunting. We allow migratory game bird hunting of all State-defined species (i) Access is controlled by the hunting on designated areas of the subject to the following condition: individual landowner. district subject to the following Access is controlled by the individual (ii) We prohibit boats during the condition: You must remove boats, landowner. regular North Dakota waterfowl season. decoys, portable blinds, other personal (3) Big game hunting. We allow (gg) Lake Patricia National Wildlife property, and any materials brought hunting of all State-defined species Refuge. (1) [Reserved] onto the area for blind construction by subject to the following condition: (2) Upland game hunting. We allow the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 Access is controlled by the individual hunting of all State-defined species and 27.94 of this chapter). landowner. subject to the following condition: (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport Access is controlled by the individual upland game hunting on designated fishing on designated areas of the refuge landowner. areas of the district. (3) Big game hunting. We allow subject to the following conditions: (3) Big game hunting. We allow big hunting of all State-defined species (i) Access is controlled by the game hunting on designated areas of the subject to the following condition: individual landowner. district. Access is controlled by the individual (ii) We prohibit boats during the (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport landowner. regular North Dakota waterfowl season. fishing on designated areas of the (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (cc) Lake Ilo National Wildlife Refuge. district subject to the following fishing on designated areas of the refuge (1)–(3) [Reserved] condition: You must remove boats, subject to the following conditions: motor vehicles, fishing equipment, and (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (i) Access is controlled by the other personal property (excluding ice fishing on designated areas of the refuge individual landowner. houses) by the end of each day’s fishing subject to the following conditions: (ii) We prohibit boats during the activity (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this (i) We open the lake to fishing from regular North Dakota waterfowl season. chapter). 5 a.m. to 10 p.m. year round. (hh) Lake Zahl National Wildlife (aa) Lake Alice National Wildlife (ii) We open the refuge to ice fishing Refuge. (1) [Reserved] Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird from October 1 through March 31. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow hunting. We allow migratory game bird (dd) Lake National Wildlife Refuge. hunting of sharp-tailed grouse, hunting on designated areas of the (1) [Reserved] Hungarian partridge, and ring-necked refuge subject to the following (2) Upland game hunting. We allow pheasant on designated areas of the conditions: hunting of all State-defined species refuge subject to the following (i) We allow motorized boats only subject to the following condition: conditions: during the migratory game bird hunting Access is controlled by the individual (i) We open to upland game bird season; however, motors must not landowner. hunting on the day following the close exceed 10 horsepower. (3) Big game hunting. We allow of the regular deer gun season through (ii) You must remove all boats, hunting of all State-defined species the end of the State season. decoys, portable blinds, other personal subject to the following condition: (ii) We allow the use of hunting dogs property, and any materials brought Access is controlled by the individual to retrieve upland game. onto the refuge for blind construction by landowner. (3) Big game hunting. We allow deer the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport hunting on designated areas of the and 27.94 of this chapter). fishing on designated areas of the refuge refuge subject to the following (2) Upland game hunting. We allow subject to the following condition: conditions: hunting of ring-necked pheasants, Access is controlled by the individual (i) You may only use portable tree sharp-tailed grouse, gray partridge, landowner. stands and ground blinds. We prohibit cottontail rabbit, jackrabbit, snowshoe (ee) Lake Nettie National Wildlife leaving stands and blinds overnight (see hare, and fox on designated areas of the Refuge. (1)–(2) [Reserved] § 27.93 of this chapter). refuge. (3) Big game hunting. We allow (ii) We prohibit entry to the refuge (3) Big game hunting. We allow deer hunting of white-tailed and mule deer before 12 p.m. (noon) on the first day of and fox hunting on designated areas of on designated areas of the refuge subject the respective archery, gun, or the refuge subject to the following to the following conditions: muzzleloader deer hunting season. conditions: (i) We allow only portable tree stands. (4) [Reserved]

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(ii) Lambs Lake National Wildlife (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (4) [Reserved] Refuge. (1) [Reserved] upland game hunting on designated (pp) Lostwood Wetland Management (2) Upland game hunting. We allow areas of the district. District—(1) Migratory game bird hunting of all State-defined species (3) Big game hunting. We allow big hunting. We allow migratory game bird subject to the following condition: game hunting on designated areas of the hunting on designated areas of the Access is controlled by the individual district. district subject to the following landowner. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport condition: You must remove boats, (3) Big game hunting. We allow fishing on designated areas of the decoys, portable blinds, other personal hunting of all State-defined species district subject to the following property, and any materials brought subject to the following condition: condition: You must remove boats, onto the area for blind construction by Access is controlled by the individual motor vehicles, fishing equipment, and the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 landowner. other personal property (excluding ice and 27.94 of this chapter). (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport houses) by the end of each day’s fishing (2) Upland game hunting. We allow fishing on designated areas of the refuge activity (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this upland game hunting on designated subject to the following conditions: chapter). areas of the district. (i) Access is controlled by the (mm) Lords Lake National Wildlife (3) Big game hunting. We allow big individual landowner. Refuge. (1) [Reserved] game hunting on designated areas of the (ii) We prohibit boats during the (2) Upland game hunting. We allow district. regular North Dakota waterfowl season. hunting of all State-defined species (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (jj) Little Goose Lake National Wildlife subject to the following condition: fishing on designated areas of the Refuge. (1) [Reserved] Access is controlled by the individual district subject to the following (2) Upland game hunting. We allow landowner. condition: You must remove boats, hunting of all State-defined species (3) Big game hunting. We allow motor vehicles, fishing equipment, and subject to the following condition: hunting of all State-defined species other personal property (excluding ice Access is controlled by the individual subject to the following condition: houses) by the end of each day’s fishing landowner. Access is controlled by the individual activity (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this (3) Big game hunting. We allow landowner. chapter). hunting of all State-defined species (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (qq) Maple River National Wildlife subject to the following condition: fishing on designated areas of the refuge Refuge. (1) [Reserved] Access is controlled by the individual subject to the following conditions: (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (i) Access is controlled by the landowner. hunting of all State-defined species individual landowner. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport subject to the following condition: (ii) We prohibit boats during the fishing on designated areas of the refuge Access is controlled by the individual regular North Dakota waterfowl season. subject to the following conditions: landowner. (nn) Lost Lake National Wildlife (3) Big game hunting. We allow (i) Access is controlled by the Refuge. (1) [Reserved] hunting of all State-defined species individual landowner. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow subject to the following condition: (ii) We prohibit boats during the hunting of all State-defined species Access is controlled by the individual regular North Dakota waterfowl season. subject to the following condition: landowner. (kk) Long Lake National Wildlife Access is controlled by the individual (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport Refuge. (1) [Reserved] landowner. fishing on designated areas of the refuge (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (3) Big game hunting. We allow subject to the following conditions: hunting of ring-necked pheasant, sharp- hunting of all State-defined species (i) Access is controlled by the tailed grouse, and grey partridge on subject to the following condition: individual landowner. designated areas of the refuge subject to Access is controlled by the individual (ii) We prohibit boats during the the following condition: We open to landowner. regular North Dakota waterfowl season. upland game bird hunting annually on (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (rr) Pleasant Lake National Wildlife the day following the close of the fishing on designated areas of the refuge Refuge. (1) [Reserved] firearm deer season through the close of subject to the following conditions: (2) Upland game hunting. We allow the State season. (i) Access is controlled by the hunting of all State-defined species (3) Big game hunting. We allow individual landowner. subject to the following condition: hunting of deer on designated areas of (ii) We prohibit boats during the Access is controlled by the individual the refuge. regular North Dakota waterfowl season. landowner. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (oo) Lostwood National Wildlife (3) Big game hunting. We allow fishing on designated areas of the refuge Refuge. (1) [Reserved] hunting of all State-defined species subject to the following condition: We (2) Upland game hunting. We allow subject to the following condition: only allow fishing from legal sunrise to hunting of sharp-tailed grouse, Access is controlled by the individual legal sunset. Hungarian partridge, and ring-necked landowner. (ll) Long Lake Wetland Management pheasant on designated areas of the (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport District—(1) Migratory game bird refuge subject to the following fishing on designated areas of the refuge hunting. We allow migratory game bird condition: We allow the use of dogs to subject to the following conditions: hunting on designated areas of the retrieve upland game. (i) Access is controlled by the district subject to the following (3) Big game hunting. We allow deer individual landowner. condition: You must remove boats, and moose hunting on designated areas (ii) We prohibit boats during the decoys, portable blinds, other personal of the refuge subject to the following regular North Dakota waterfowl season. property, and any materials brought condition: We prohibit entry to the (ss) Pretty Rock National Wildlife onto the area for blind construction by refuge before 12 p.m. (noon) on the first Refuge. (1) [Reserved] the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 day of the respective archery, gun, or (2) Upland game hunting. We allow and 27.94 of this chapter). muzzleloader deer hunting season. hunting of all State-defined species

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subject to the following condition: (ww) School Section National Wildlife (ii) We prohibit boats during the Access is controlled by the individual Refuge. (1) [Reserved] regular North Dakota waterfowl season. landowner. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (aaa) Slade National Wildlife Refuge. (3) Big game hunting. We allow hunting of all State-defined species (1)–(2) [Reserved] hunting of all State-defined species subject to the following condition: (3) Big game hunting. We allow subject to the following condition: Access is controlled by the individual hunting of deer on designated areas of Access is controlled by the individual landowner. the refuge. landowner. (3) Big game hunting. We allow (4) [Reserved] (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport hunting of all State-defined species (bbb) Snyder Lake National Wildlife fishing on designated areas of the refuge subject to the following condition: Refuge. (1) [Reserved] subject to the following conditions: Access is controlled by the individual (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (i) Access is controlled by the landowner. hunting of all State-defined species individual landowner. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport subject to the following condition: (ii) We prohibit boats during the fishing on designated areas of the refuge Access is controlled by the individual regular North Dakota waterfowl season. subject to the following condition: landowner. (tt) Rabb Lake National Wildlife Access is controlled by the individual (3) Big game hunting. We allow Refuge. (1) [Reserved] landowner. hunting of all State-defined species (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (xx) Sheyenne Lake National Wildlife subject to the following condition: hunting of all State-defined species Refuge. (1) [Reserved] Access is controlled by the individual subject to the following condition: (2) Upland game hunting. We allow landowner. Access is controlled by the individual hunting of all State-defined species (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport landowner. subject to the following condition: fishing on designated areas of the refuge (3) Big game hunting. We allow Access is controlled by the individual subject to the following conditions: hunting of all State-defined species landowner. (i) Access is controlled by the subject to the following condition: (3) Big game hunting. We allow individual landowner. Access is controlled by the individual hunting of all State-defined species (ii) We prohibit boats during the landowner. subject to the following condition: regular North Dakota waterfowl season. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport Access is controlled by the individual (ccc) Springwater National Wildlife fishing on designated areas of the refuge landowner. Refuge. (1) [Reserved] subject to the following conditions: (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (i) Access is controlled by the fishing on designated areas of the refuge hunting of all State-defined species individual landowner. subject to the following condition: subject to the following condition: (ii) We prohibit boats during the Access is controlled by the individual Access is controlled by the individual regular North Dakota waterfowl season. landowner. landowner. (uu) Rock Lake National Wildlife (yy) Sibley Lake National Wildlife (3) Big game hunting. We allow Refuge. (1) [Reserved] Refuge. (1) [Reserved] hunting of all State-defined species (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (2) Upland game hunting. We allow subject to the following condition: hunting of all State-defined species hunting of all State-defined species Access is controlled by the individual subject to the following condition: subject to the following condition: landowner. Access is controlled by the individual Access is controlled by the individual (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport landowner. landowner. fishing on designated areas of the refuge (3) Big game hunting. We allow (3) Big game hunting. We allow subject to the following conditions: hunting of all State-defined species hunting of all State-defined species (i) Access is controlled by the subject to the following condition: subject to the following condition: individual landowner. Access is controlled by the individual Access is controlled by the individual (ii) We prohibit boats during the landowner. landowner. regular North Dakota waterfowl season. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (ddd) Stewart Lake National Wildlife fishing on designated areas of the refuge fishing on designated areas of the refuge Refuge. (1)–(3) [Reserved] subject to the following conditions: subject to the following conditions: (4) Sport fishing. We allow ice or (i) Access is controlled by the (i) Access is controlled by the shore fishing on designated areas of the individual landowner. individual landowner. refuge. (ii) We prohibit boats during the (ii) We prohibit boats during the (eee) Stoney Slough National Wildlife regular North Dakota waterfowl season. regular North Dakota waterfowl season. Refuge. (1) [Reserved] (vv) Rose Lake National Wildlife (zz) Silver Lake National Wildlife (2) Upland game hunting. We allow Refuge. (1) [Reserved] Refuge. (1) [Reserved] hunting of all State-defined species (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (2) Upland game hunting. We allow subject to the following condition: hunting of all State-defined species hunting of all State-defined species Access is controlled by the individual subject to the following condition: subject to the following condition: landowner. Access is controlled by the individual Access is controlled by the individual (3) Big game hunting. We allow landowner. landowner. hunting of all State-defined species (3) Big game hunting. We allow (3) Big game hunting. We allow subject to the following condition: hunting of all State-defined species hunting of all State-defined species Access is controlled by the individual subject to the following condition: subject to the following condition: landowner. Access is controlled by the individual Access is controlled by the individual (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport landowner. landowner. fishing on designated areas of the refuge (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport subject to the following conditions: fishing on designated areas of the refuge fishing on designated areas of the refuge (i) Access is controlled by the subject to the following condition: subject to the following conditions: individual landowner. Access is controlled by the individual (i) Access is controlled by the (ii) We prohibit boats during the landowner. individual landowner. regular North Dakota waterfowl season.

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(fff) Storm Lake National Wildlife decoys, portable blinds, other personal (i) We allow the use of fishing boats, Refuge. (1) [Reserved] property, and any materials brought canoes, kayaks, and float tubes in (2) Upland game hunting. We allow onto the area for blind construction by designated boat fishing areas from Lake hunting of all State-defined species the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 Darling Dam north to State Highway 28 subject to the following condition: and 27.94 of this chapter). (Greene) crossing for fishing from May Access is controlled by the individual (2) Upland game hunting. We allow 1 through September 30. landowner. upland game hunting on designated (ii) We allow fishing from (3) Big game hunting. We allow areas of the district. nonmotorized vessels only on the hunting of all State-defined species (3) Big game hunting. We allow big Beaver Lodge Canoe Trail from May 1 subject to the following condition: game hunting on designated areas of the through September 30. Access is controlled by the individual district. (iii) We allow boating and fishing landowner. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport from vessels on the Souris River from (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport fishing on designated areas of the Mouse River Park to the north boundary fishing on designated areas of the refuge district subject to the following of the refuge from May 1 through subject to the following conditions: condition: You must remove boats, September 30. (i) Access is controlled by the motor vehicles, fishing equipment, and (iv) We allow snowmobiles, all-terrain individual landowner. other personal property (excluding ice vehicles (ATVs), utility terrain vehicles (ii) We prohibit boats during the houses) by the end of each day (see (UTVs), motor vehicles, and fish houses regular North Dakota waterfowl season. §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this chapter). on the ice as conditions allow from Lake (ggg) Sunburst Lake National Wildlife (jjj) Tomahawk National Wildlife Darling Dam north to Carter Dam (Dam Refuge. (1) [Reserved] Refuge. (1) [Reserved] 41) for ice fishing. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (v) We allow you to place fish houses hunting of all State-defined species hunting of all State-defined species overnight on the ice of Lake Darling as subject to the following condition: subject to the following condition: governed by State regulations. Access is controlled by the individual Access is controlled by the individual (vi) We allow anglers to place portable landowner. landowner. fish houses on the Souris River north of (3) Big game hunting. We allow (3) Big game hunting. We allow Carter Dam (Dam 41) and south of Lake hunting of all State-defined species hunting of all State-defined species Darling Dam for ice fishing, but anglers subject to the following condition: subject to the following condition: must remove the fish houses from the Access is controlled by the individual Access is controlled by the individual refuge at the end of each day’s fishing landowner. landowner. activity (see § 27.93 of this chapter). (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (vii) We allow anglers on the refuge fishing on designated areas of the refuge fishing on designated areas of the refuge from 5 a.m. until 10 p.m. subject to the following conditions: subject to the following conditions: (lll) Wild Rice National Wildlife (i) Access is controlled by the (i) Access is controlled by the Refuge. (1) [Reserved] individual landowner. individual landowner. (ii) We prohibit boats during the (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (ii) We prohibit boats during the regular North Dakota waterfowl season. hunting of all State-defined species regular North Dakota waterfowl season. (kkk) Upper Souris National Wildlife subject to the following condition: (hhh) Tewaukon National Wildlife Refuge. (1) [Reserved] Access is controlled by the individual Refuge. (1) [Reserved] (2) Upland game hunting. We allow landowner. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow hunting of wild turkey, sharp-tailed (3) Big game hunting. We allow ring-necked pheasant hunting on grouse, Hungarian partridge, and hunting of all State-defined species designated areas of the refuge subject to pheasant on designated areas of the subject to the following condition: the following condition: We open for refuge subject to the following Access is controlled by the individual upland game hunting on the first conditions: landowner. Monday following the close of the State (i) We allow the use of dogs for (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport deer gun season through the close of the hunting and retrieving of upland game fishing on designated areas of the refuge State pheasant season. birds with the exception of wild turkey. subject to the following conditions: (3) Big game hunting. We allow deer (ii) We allow hunters on the refuge (i) Access is controlled by the hunting on designated areas of the from 5 a.m. until 10 p.m. individual landowner. refuge subject to the following (3) Big game hunting. We allow deer (ii) We prohibit boats during the conditions: and moose hunting on designated areas regular North Dakota waterfowl season. (i) We allow deer bow hunting on of the refuge subject to the following (mmm) Willow Lake National Wildlife designated areas of the refuge as conditions: Refuge. (1) [Reserved] governed by State regulations. (i) We only allow the use of portable (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (ii) The deer bow hunting season tree stands and ground blinds. You must hunting of all State-defined species closes September 30, reopens the Friday remove stands and blinds from the subject to the following condition: following the close of the State gun deer refuge at the end of each day’s hunt (see Access is controlled by the individual season, and continues through the end § 27.93 of this chapter). landowner. of the State archery deer season. (ii) The condition set forth at (3) Big game hunting. We allow (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport paragraph (kkk)(2)(ii) of this section hunting of all State-defined species fishing on designated areas of the applies. subject to the following condition: refuge. (iii) We prohibit entry to the refuge Access is controlled by the individual (iii) Tewaukon Wetland Management before 12 p.m. (noon) on the first day of landowner. District—(1) Migratory game bird the respective bow, gun, or (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport hunting. We allow migratory game bird muzzleloader deer hunting seasons. fishing on designated areas of the refuge hunting on designated areas of the (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport subject to the following conditions: district subject to the following fishing on designated areas of the refuge (i) Access is controlled by the condition: You must remove boats, subject to the following conditions: individual landowner.

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(ii) We prohibit boats during the (C) The condition set forth at the legal season for which you have a regular North Dakota waterfowl season. paragraph (b)(2)(iv) applies while turkey valid permit. (nnn) Wintering River National hunting. (iii) You must remove blinds within Wildlife Refuge. (1) [Reserved] * * * * * 24 hours of harvesting an animal or at (2) Upland game hunting. We allow ■ 33. Amend § 32.55 by revising the end of the permittee’s legal season hunting of all State-defined species paragraphs (g)(4)(ii) and (vii) through (x) (see § 27.93 of this chapter). subject to the following condition: to read as follows: (iv) We limit hunters to one blind Access is controlled by the individual each, and you must tag blinds with the landowner. § 32.55 Oklahoma. owner’s State license or permit number. (3) Big game hunting. We allow * * * * * (4) Sport fishing. We allow fishing on hunting of all State-defined species (g) * * * designated areas of the refuge. subject to the following condition: (4) * * * * * * * * Access is controlled by the individual (ii) Anglers may use boats from March (n) * * * landowner. 1 through September 30 in designated (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport waters unless otherwise specified on the allow hunting of duck, goose, and coot fishing on designated areas of the refuge fishing tearsheet. on designated areas of the refuge subject subject to the following conditions: * * * * * to the following conditions: (i) Access is controlled by the (vii) Anglers may fish after legal * * * * * individual landowner. sunset from a boat (during boating (t) Wapato Lake National Wildlife (ii) We prohibit boats during the season) in the Cumberland Pool, except Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird regular North Dakota waterfowl season. in the sanctuary zones. Anglers may fish hunting. We allow hunting of duck, (ooo) Wood Lake National Wildlife after legal sunset at the headquarters goose, and coot on designated areas of Refuge. (1) [Reserved] boat ramp area, Goose Pen Pond, Sandy the refuge subject to the following (2) Upland game hunting. We allow Creek Bridge, Murray 23, and Nida conditions: hunting of all State-defined species Point. (i) We allow hunting on Tuesdays, subject to the following condition: (viii) We allow bowfishing in Thursdays, and Saturdays during the Access is controlled by the individual Pennington Creek and the Washita River State waterfowl season. landowner. during daylight hours. (ii) The hunt area is open for access (3) Big game hunting. We allow (ix) We prohibit the take of fish by use 2 hours before and after legal shooting hunting of all State-defined species of hands (noodling). hours. subject to the following condition: (x) We prohibit the take of frog, turtle, (iii) All hunters must hunt from Access is controlled by the individual or mussel (see § 27.21 of this chapter). designated blinds except to retrieve landowner. * * * * * downed birds. We prohibit hunting (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport ■ from levees. fishing on designated areas of the refuge 34. Amend § 32.56 by: ■ a. Revising paragraphs (f) and (n)(1) (iv) We allow a maximum occupancy subject to the following conditions: of four persons per blind. (i) Access is controlled by the introductory text; ■ (v) Disabled hunters must possess an individual landowner. b. Redesignating paragraph (t) as paragraph (u); and Oregon Disabilities Hunting and Fishing (ii) We prohibit boats during the ■ Permit issued by the Oregon Department regular North Dakota waterfowl season. c. Adding new paragraph (t). The revisions and addition read as of Fish and Wildlife to qualify for ■ 32. Amend § 32.54 by: follows: preference in using the ADA ■ a. Revising paragraph (b)(1) Accessibility Guidelines blind or introductory text; § 32.56 Oregon. Federal Access pass. ■ b. Adding paragraphs (b)(2)(iii) and * * * * * (vi) You must remove decoys, other (iv); and (f) Hart Mountain National Antelope personal property, and trash (including ■ c. Revising paragraph (b)(3)(ii)(C). Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird empty shotgun hulls) from the refuge at The revisions and additions read as hunting. We allow hunting of duck, the end of each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 follows: goose, and coot on designated areas of and 27.94 of this chapter). the refuge subject to the following (vii) We allow the use of dogs for § 32.54 Ohio. conditions: retrieving waterfowl. * * * * * (i) We allow only portable blinds and (viii) Hunters must submit a (b) * * * temporary blinds constructed of Migratory Bird Hunt Report (FWS Form (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We synthetic or nonliving natural materials. 3–2361) at the end of each day’s hunt. allow hunting of duck, goose, rail, (ii) We prohibit digging of pit blinds (2)–(4) [Reserved] gallinule, coot, dove, woodcock, crow, for waterfowl hunting. * * * * * and snipe on designated areas of the (2) Upland game hunting. We allow ■ 35. Amend § 32.57 by: refuge subject to the following hunting of chukar and California quail ■ a. Revising paragraph (a); conditions: on designated areas of the refuge. ■ b. Adding paragraphs (b)(1)(iv) and * * * * * (3) Big game hunting. We allow (b)(2)(iii); and (2) * * * hunting of deer, antelope, and bighorn ■ c. Revising paragraphs (b)(4)(iv), (iii) We prohibit hunting or shooting sheep on designated areas of the refuge (c)(3), and (c)(4)(iv). within 150 feet (45.7 meters) of any subject to the following conditions: The revisions and additions read as structure, building, or parking lot. (i) We allow only portable blinds and follows: (iv) For hunting, you may use or temporary blinds constructed of possess only approved nontoxic shot synthetic or nonliving natural materials. § 32.57 Pennsylvania. shells (see § 32.2(k)) while in the field. (ii) We allow ground blinds, but we * * * * * (3) * * * prohibit construction of them earlier (a) Cherry Valley National Wildlife (ii) * * * than 1 week prior to the opening day of Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird

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hunting. We allow hunting of migratory (b) * * * (b) John H. Chafee National Wildlife game birds on designated areas of the (1) * * * Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird refuge subject to the following (iv) We allow the use of dogs hunting. We allow hunting of duck, conditions: consistent with State regulations. goose, merganser, and coot on (i) Hunters must obtain and possess a (2) * * * designated areas of the refuge subject to signed refuge hunt permit (FWS Form (iii) The condition set forth at the following conditions: 3–2439, Hunt Application—National paragraph (b)(1)(iv) of this section (i) We require hunters to possess and Wildlife Refuge System) at all times applies. carry a signed refuge migratory game while scouting and hunting on the * * * * * bird hunting brochure valid for the refuge. (4) * * * current season. (ii) Hunters may enter the refuge 2 (iv) We prohibit the taking or (ii) We only allow portable or hours before legal shooting time and possession of shellfish on the refuge. temporary blinds and decoys that must must leave no later than 2 hours after (c) * * * be removed from the refuge following legal shooting time. (3) Big game hunting. We allow each day’s hunt (see § 27.93 of this (iii) We allow the use of dogs archery-only hunting of white-tailed chapter). consistent with State regulations. deer on designated areas of the refuge (iii) We allow the use of dogs (2) Upland game hunting. We allow subject to the following condition: consistent with State regulations. hunting of squirrel, grouse, rabbit, Hunters must possess a refuge hunt (2) Upland game hunting. We allow pheasant, quail, woodchuck, crow, fox, permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt hunting of coyote and fox on designated raccoon, opossum, skunk, weasel, Application—National Wildlife Refuge areas of the refuge subject to the coyote, and bobcat on designated areas System). following condition: We only allow the of the refuge subject to the following (4) * * * incidental take of coyote and fox during conditions: (iv) We prohibit the take, collection, the refuge deer hunting season with a (i) The conditions set forth at or capture of any reptile or amphibian signed refuge hunting brochure valid for paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (ii), and (iii) of this on the refuge. the current season. section apply. * * * * * (3) Big game hunting. We allow (ii) We allow hunting from legal ■ 36. Revise § 32.58 to read as follows: hunting of white-tailed deer and wild sunrise to legal sunset. turkey on designated areas of the refuge (3) Big game hunting. We allow § 32.58 Rhode Island. subject to the following conditions: hunting of white-tailed deer, bear, and The following refuge units are open (i) We require every hunter to possess wild turkey on designated areas of the for hunting and/or fishing as governed and carry a personally signed refuge refuge subject to the following by applicable Federal and State hunting brochure valid for the current conditions: regulations, and are listed in season. (i) The conditions set forth at alphabetical order with additional (ii) We only allow portable or paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (ii) of this refuge-specific regulations. temporary stands and blinds that must section apply. (a) Block Island National Wildlife be removed from the refuge on the last (ii) We prohibit organized deer drives. Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird day of the deer hunt (see § 27.93 of this We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an hunting. We allow hunting of duck, chapter). We prohibit permanent tree organized or planned effort to pursue, merganser, and coot on designated areas stands. Stands and blinds must be drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or of the refuge subject to the following marked with the hunter’s State hunting cause deer to move in the direction of conditions: license number. any person(s) who is part of the (i) We require hunters to possess and (4) Sport fishing. We allow saltwater organized or planned hunt and known carry a signed refuge hunting brochure fishing in designated areas of the refuge. to be waiting for the deer. valid for the current season. (c) Ninigret National Wildlife Refuge. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (ii) We only allow portable or (1) [Reserved] fishing on the refuge subject to the temporary blinds, and decoys must be (2) Upland game hunting. We allow following conditions: removed from the refuge following each hunting of coyote and fox on designated (i) The Cherry Creek section located day’s hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter). areas of the refuge subject to the on the former Cherry Valley Golf Course (iii) We allow the use of dogs following condition: We only allow the is open for catch-and-release fishing. consistent with State regulations. Dogs incidental take of coyote and fox during Anglers at this location must: must be under direct control of the the refuge deer hunting season. We (A) Obtain a day-use fishing permit hunter at all times. require hunters to possess and carry a (signed brochure). A maximum of three (2) [Reserved] signed refuge hunting brochure valid for anglers per day may share the same (3) Big game hunting. We allow the current season. permit; and hunting of white-tailed deer on (3) Big game hunting. We allow (B) Use only artificial lures and designated areas of the refuge subject to hunting of white-tailed deer and turkey barbless hooks to fish. the following conditions: on designated areas of the refuge subject (ii) We allow fishing from 1⁄2 hour (i) We require hunters to possess and to the following conditions: before legal sunrise to 1⁄2 hour after legal carry a signed refuge hunting brochure (i) We require hunters to possess and sunset. valid for the current season. carry a signed refuge hunting brochure (iii) We allow only nonmotorized or (ii) We only allow portable or valid for the current season. electric-motor boats in designated areas. temporary stands and blinds that must (ii) We only allow portable or (iv) We prohibit the use of eel chutes, be removed from the refuge on the last temporary stands and blinds that must eelpots, and fyke nets. day of the deer hunt (see § 27.93 of this be removed from the refuge on the last (v) We prohibit trapping fish for use chapter). Stands and blinds must be day of the deer hunt (see § 27.93 of this as bait. marked with the hunter’s State hunting chapter). We prohibit permanent tree (vi) We prohibit the take, collection, license number. stands. Stands and blinds must be capture, killing, and possession of any (4) Sport fishing. We allow saltwater marked with the hunter’s State hunting reptile or amphibian on the refuge. fishing from refuge shorelines. license number.

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(4) Sport fishing. We allow saltwater areas of the refuge subject to the (i) The conditions set forth at fishing from refuge shorelines. following conditions: paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iv) of this (d) Sachuest Point National Wildlife * * * * * section apply. Refuge. (1) [Reserved] ■ 38. Amend § 32.60 by revising (ii) Hunters may leave portable tree (2) Upland game hunting. We allow paragraph (b) to read as follows: stands and free-standing elevated hunting of fox and coyote on designated platforms on the refuge from August 25 areas of the refuge subject to the § 32.60 South Dakota. through February 15. Hunters must following condition: We only allow the * * * * * remove all other personal property by incidental take of fox and coyote during (b) LaCreek National Wildlife the end of each day’s hunt (see § 27.93 limited, periodic hunts with a signed Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird of this chapter). hunt application (see paragraph (d)(3)(i) hunting. We allow the hunting of goose, (iii) We close the refuge to archery of this section). duck, coot, common snipe, sandhill hunting during refuge firearm seasons. (3) Big game hunting. We allow crane, crow, and mourning dove on (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport hunting of white-tailed deer on designated areas of the refuge subject to fishing on designated areas of the refuge designated areas of the refuge subject to the following conditions: subject to the following conditions: the following conditions: (i) Hunters may enter the refuge 2 (i) We prohibit the use or possession (i) We require every hunter to possess hours before legal sunrise and remain of live minnows or bait fish in Pools 3, and carry a personally signed hunt no longer than 2 hours after legal sunset. 4, 7, and 10 and the Cedar Creek Trout application (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt We allow access from refuge parking Ponds. Application—National Wildlife Refuge areas, adjacent public lands, and (ii) We open designated fishing areas System). adjacent private lands enrolled in public from 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise to 1⁄2 (ii) We only allow hunting of big game access programs. hour after legal sunset, except the Little during limited, periodic hunts. (ii) We allow the use of motorized White River Recreation Area. (iii) We only allow portable tree boats for hunting and game retrieval on * * * * * stands and blinds. You must clearly the Little White River Recreation Area. ■ 39. Amend § 32.61 by: label any tree stand or blind left on the We allow the use of manual powered ■ a. Revising paragraphs (g)(1) refuge overnight with your refuge boats for hunting and game retrieval on introductory text, (g)(1)(v) and (vi), permit number. You must remove your all waters within open hunt areas and (g)(2), and (g)(3)(i); tree stand(s) and/or blind(s) from the the use of boats with electric motors on ■ b. Removing paragraph (g)(3)(ii); refuge on the last day of the refuge- Pool #10. ■ c. Redesignating paragraphs (g)(3)(iii) authorized deer hunt (see § 27.93 of this (iii) We allow the use of dogs. and (iv) as paragraphs (g)(3)(ii) and (iii), chapter). (iv) We prohibit shooting from or over respectively; and (4) Sport fishing. We allow saltwater refuge roads and parking areas. ■ d. Revising paragraph (g)(4)(i). fishing on designated areas of the refuge (v) We prohibit hunting light geese The revisions read as follows: subject to the following conditions: during the spring conservation order. (i) Anglers may only saltwater fish at (vi) For crow hunting, we prohibit § 32.61 Tennessee. Sachuest Beach shoreline from hunting with rifles and hunting during * * * * * September 16 through March 31. the spring season. (g) Tennessee National Wildlife (ii) Anglers may night-fish after legal (2) Upland game hunting. We allow Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird sunset with a refuge permit (FWS Form the hunting of bobcat, coyote, fox, hunting. We allow hunting of Canada 3–2358, National Wildlife Refuge cottontail rabbit, mountain lion, prairie goose, dove, and crow on designated System Fishing/Shrimping/Crabbing/ chicken, ring-necked pheasant, and areas of the refuge subject to the Frogging Application). sharp-tailed grouse on designated areas following conditions: (e) Trustom Pond National Wildlife of the refuge subject to the following * * * * * Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird conditions: (v) Youth hunters age 16 and younger hunting. We allow hunting of duck, (i) The conditions set forth at must be accompanied by an adult 21 goose, merganser, coot, and mourning paragraphs (b)(1)(i), (ii), and (iv) of this years old or older who has a refuge dove on designated areas of the refuge section apply. hunting permit on his or her person. subject to the following condition: We (ii) We allow access for bobcat, The adult must remain in a position to allow the use of dogs consistent with coyote, fox, and mountain lion hunting take immediate control of the hunting State regulations. January 1 through February 15, and device. (2)–(3) [Reserved] hunting hours are from 1⁄2 hour before (vi) We allow the use of dogs for (4) Sport fishing. We allow saltwater legal sunrise to 1⁄2 hour after legal migratory bird, squirrel, raccoon, and fishing on designated areas of the refuge sunset. opossum hunting. subject to the following condition: (iii) We prohibit the use of dogs when * * * * * Anglers may saltwater fish from hunting bobcat, coyote, fox, and (2) Upland game hunting. We allow September 16 through March 31. mountain lion. We allow the use of dogs hunting of squirrel, coyote, beaver, ■ 37. Amend § 32.59 by revising while hunting other upland game. raccoon, and opossum on designated paragraph (b)(3) introductory text to (iv) Coyotes and all furbearers or their areas of the refuge subject to the read as follows: parts, if left in the field, must be left at following conditions: least 50 yards away from any road, trail, (i) The conditions set forth at § 32.59 South Carolina. or building. Otherwise, hunters must paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (vi) and * * * * * remove them from the refuge. (viii) of this section apply. (b) * * * (3) Big game hunting. We allow (ii) We allow hunting for raccoon and (3) Big game hunting. We allow hunting of white-tailed and mule deer opossum from legal sunset to legal hunting of white-tailed deer, turkey, on designated areas of the refuge subject sunrise. coyote, and feral hog on designated to the following conditions: (3) * * *

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(i) The conditions set forth at prohibit hunters in all other areas of the field dress all harvested big game in the paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (v) and (viii) refuge after legal sunset. field and check the game at the hunt of this section apply. (iii) During the youth hunt, each adult check station before removal from the * * * * * supervisor may supervise only one refuge. Hunters may use a nonmotorized (4) * * * youth hunter. A youth hunter may have cart to assist with the transportation of (i) We allow fishing in Swamp Creek, up to two adult supervisors. harvested game animals. Sulphur Well Bay, and Bennetts Creek (4) [Reserved] (x) Hunters must field dress all from March 16 through November 14. * * * * * harvested big game in the field and We open the remainder of the refuge (i) Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife check the game at the hunt check station portion of Kentucky Lake to fishing Refuge. (1)–(2) [Reserved] before removal from the refuge. Hunters year-round. We allow bank fishing year- (3) Big game hunting. We allow may use a nonmotorized cart to assist round along Refuge Lane from the New hunting of white-tailed deer, feral hog, with the transportation of harvested Johnsonville Pump Station. nilgai antelope, other exotic ungulates, game animals. (xi) We prohibit the killing or * * * * * and American alligator on designated wounding of a game animal and then ■ 40. Amend § 32.62 by revising areas of the refuge subject to the following conditions: intentionally or knowingly failing to paragraphs (f), (i), and (j) to read as make a reasonable effort to retrieve and follows: (i) We allow the incidental take of nilgai antelope, feral hog, and other include it in the hunter’s bag limit. § 32.62 Texas. rarely observed exotic ungulates (such (4) Sport fishing. We allow fishing as fallow deer, axis deer, sika deer, and crabbing on designated areas of the * * * * * refuge subject to the following (f) Buffalo Lake National Wildlife Barbary sheep, and black buck) during all refuge hunts, with the exception of conditions: Refuge—(1) Migratory bird hunting. We (i) We allow fishing and crabbing American alligator hunts. allow hunting of mourning dove, white- year-round only from Adolph Thomae (ii) We require hunters to attend winged dove, and Eurasian collared- Jr. County Park, on San Martin Lake of refuge hunter orientation before hunting dove on designated areas of the refuge the Bahia Grande Unit, and on the on the refuge. We require each hunter to subject to the following conditions: South Padre Island Unit. (i) We require hunters to obtain a obtain and carry with them a signed and (ii) We allow only pole and line, rod Special Use Permit (FWS Form 3–1383– dated hunt information tearsheet (name and reel, hand line, dip net, or cast net G). only) in addition to the State hunt for fishing. We prohibit the use of crab (ii) Hunters age 17 and younger permit. traps or pots for crabbing. Anglers must (‘‘youth hunters’’) must be under the (iii) Bag limits for species hunted on attend all fishing lines, crabbing direct supervision of an adult age 18 or the refuge are provided in the refuge equipment, and other fishing devices at older (‘‘adult supervisor’’). hunt tearsheet annually. all times. (iii) We limit hunting to no more than (iv) Each hunter age 17 and younger (iii) In the Bahia Grande Unit, inside 6 days with a maximum of 12 hunters, must be under the direct supervision of the refuge boundary on San Martin during the concurrent pheasant/quail an adult age 18 or older. Lake, we allow only bank and wade season as governed by the State of Texas (v) We allow a scouting period prior fishing within a designated area, which hunting season. to the commencement of each refuge may only be accessed on foot. In other (iv) Hunting hours will be from 30 hunt period. A permitted hunter and a waters of the Bahia Grande Unit, we do minutes before legal sunrise until noon. limit of two non-permitted individuals not allow boats or fishing inside the (v) All hunters must check in and out may enter the hunt units during the refuge boundary. at refuge headquarters. scouting period, which begins after (j) Lower Rio Grande Valley National (vi) Bag limits will be determined hunter orientation and ends at legal Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game annually for each species, but will never sunset. Each hunter must clearly display bird hunting. We allow hunting of exceed the limits set by Texas Parks and a Vehicle Validation Tag face up on the mourning, white-winged, and white- Wildlife Department (TPWD). vehicle dashboard when scouting and tipped dove on designated areas of the (2) Upland game hunting. We allow hunting. refuge subject to the following hunting of ring-necked pheasant, (vi) We allow hunters to enter the conditions: northern bobwhite, and scaled quail on refuge 11⁄2 hours before legal sunrise (i) We require hunters to obtain a hunt designated areas of the refuge subject to during their permitted hunt periods. permit (signed brochure) and to possess the following conditions: Hunters must leave the hunt units no and carry that permit at all times during (i) The conditions set forth at later than 1 hour after State legal your designated hunt period. Hunters paragraphs (f)(1)(ii), (iii), and (v) of this shooting hours. must also display the vehicle placard section apply. (vii) Hunters may access hunt units (part of the hunt permit) while (ii) Hunting hours will be from 9 a.m. only by foot or bicycle. participating in the designated hunt to 4:30 p.m. (viii) We allow hunting from portable period. (iii) We allow only shotguns for stands or by stalking and still hunting. (ii) Hunters age 17 and younger must pheasant and quail hunting. There is a limit of one blind or stand per be under the direct supervision of an (3) Big game hunting. We allow permitted hunter. Hunters must attach adult age 18 or older. hunting of white-tailed deer, mule deer, hunter identification (permit number or (iii) You may access the refuge during and feral hog on designated areas of the State license number) to the blind or your permitted hunt period from 1 hour refuge subject to the following stand. Hunters must remove all blinds before legal hunt time to 1 hour after conditions: and stands at the end of the permitted legal hunt time. You must only hunt (i) The condition set forth at hunt period (see § 27.93 of this chapter). during legal hunt hours. paragraph (f)(1)(ii) of this section (ix) During American alligator hunts, (iv) We restrict hunt participants to applies. we allow hunters to leave hooks set over those listed on the refuge hunt permit (ii) After legal sunset, hunters may be only one night period at a time; set lines (hunter, non-hunting chaperone, and in designated camping areas only. We must be checked daily. Hunters must non-hunting assistant).

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(v) We allow hunters to use bicycles (i) We allow the use of dogs when (i) We allow disabled hunters to hunt on designated routes of travel. hunting. from a vehicle that is at least 10 feet (vi) We allow the use of dogs to (ii) You may construct temporary from the traveled portion of the refuge retrieve doves during the hunt. blinds. You must remove all blinds road if the hunter possesses a State- (2) Upland game hunting. We allow constructed out of materials other than issued disabled hunting license and a hunting of wild turkey on designated vegetation at the end of each day’s hunt Special Use Permit (FWS Form 3–1383– areas of the refuge subject to the (see § 27.93 of this chapter). G) issued by the refuge manager. following conditions: (iii) We allow the use of small boats (ii) We allow the use of dogs (i) The conditions set forth at (15 feet or less) when hunting. We consistent with State regulations. paragraphs (j)(1)(i) through (v) of this prohibit gasoline motors and air boats. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow section apply. (iv) You may enter the refuge 2 hours hunting of coyote, fox, raccoon, bobcat, (ii) We allow turkey hunting during prior to legal sunrise and must exit the woodchuck, red squirrel, eastern gray the spring season only. refuge by 11⁄2 hours after legal sunset. squirrel, porcupine, skunk, snowshoe (iii) You may only harvest one (v) You must remove decoys, boats, hare, eastern cottontail, and ruffed bearded turkey per hunter. vehicles, and other personal property grouse on designated areas of the refuge (iv) We prohibit the killing, from the refuge at the end of each day’s subject to the following conditions: wounding, taking, or possession of game hunt (see § 27.93 of this chapter). (i) The conditions set forth at animals and then intentionally or (vi) We have a special blind area for paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (ii) of this knowingly failing to make a reasonable use by disabled hunters. We prohibit section apply. effort to retrieve or keep the edible trespass for any reason by any (ii) Shooting from, over, or within 10 portions of the animal and include it in individual not registered to use that feet of the traveled portion of any gravel your bag limit. area. road is prohibited. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (3) Big game hunting. We allow (iii) We require hunters hunting at hunting of chukar, desert rabbit, and hunting of white-tailed deer, feral hog, night to possess a Special Use Permit mountain rabbit on designated areas of nilgai antelope, javelina, and other (FWS Form 3–1383–G) issued by the the refuge subject to the following exotic ungulates (as defined by the State refuge manager. conditions: of Texas to include fallow deer, axis (3) Big game hunting. We allow (i) We close to hunting on January 31. hunting of white-tailed deer, moose, deer, sika deer, Barbary sheep, and (ii) We allow the use of dogs when black bear, and wild turkey on black buck) on designated areas of the hunting. designated areas of the refuge subject to refuge subject to the following (3) Big game hunting. We allow the following conditions: conditions: hunting of mule deer and pronghorn (i) The conditions set forth at (i) The conditions set forth at antelope on designated areas of the paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (b)(2)(ii) of this paragraphs (j)(1)(i) through (v) and refuge subject to the following section apply. (2)(iv) of this section apply. condition: We only allow archery (ii) You may use portable tree stands (ii) We allow only free-standing equipment when hunting big game. blinds or tripods. Hunters may set them (4) [Reserved] and/or blinds. You must clearly label your tree stands and/or blinds with your up during the scouting days preceding * * * * * each permitted hunt day and must take hunting license number. ■ 42. Amend § 32.64 by adding them down by the end of each hunt day (iii) You may retrieve moose at the paragraphs (a)(1)(vii) and (a)(2)(v), and (see § 27.93 of this chapter). Hunters Nulhegan Basin Division with the use of revising paragraphs (a)(4)(i)(A) and (b), must mark and tag all stands with their a commercial moose hauler, if the to read as follows: hunting license number during the hauler possesses a Special Use Permit period of use. § 32.64 Vermont. (FWS Form 3–1383–C) issued by the (iii) Hunters must field-dress all refuge manager. * * * * * (4) [Reserved] harvested big game in the field. (a) * * * (iv) Hunters may use nonmotorized (1) * * * ■ 43. Amend § 32.65 by: dollies or carts off of improved roads or (vii) In all hunting areas, we allow the ■ a. Revising paragraph (a)(3)(iii); trails to haul carcasses to a parking area. use of dogs consistent with State ■ b. Adding paragraph (a)(3)(v); (v) We prohibit the use of big game regulations. ■ c. Revising paragraph (b)(1)(i); decoys. ■ d. Adding paragraphs (b)(1)(iv); * * * * * ■ e. Revising paragraph (b)(3)(i); (4) [Reserved] (2) * * * ■ f. Adding paragraph (b)(3)(v); * * * * * (v) The condition set forth at ■ g. Revising paragraph (c)(3)(i); paragraph (a)(1)(vii) of this section ■ 41. Amend § 32.63 by: ■ h. Adding paragraph (c)(3)(vi); applies. ■ a. Removing paragraph (a)(1)(iii); ■ i. Revising paragraphs (d), (e)(3), and ■ b. Redesignating paragraphs (a)(1)(iv) * * * * * (e)(4)(ii); through (vi) as paragraphs (a)(1)(iii) (4) * * * ■ j. Adding paragraph (f)(3)(v); through (v); and (i) * * * ■ k. Revising paragraphs (h) and (i); ■ c. Revising paragraph (b). (A) We close the following areas: ■ l. Adding paragraph (j)(3)(v); The revision reads as follows: Goose Bay, Saxes Creek and Pothole, ■ m. Revising paragraphs (k)(3), Metcalfe Island Pothole, Long Marsh (k)(4)(iv), and (l)(3)(i); and § 32.63 Utah. Channel, and Clark Marsh. ■ n. Adding paragraph (l)(3)(v). * * * * * * * * * * The revisions and additions read as (b) Fish Springs National Wildlife (b) Silvio O. Conte National Fish and follows: Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game hunting. We allow hunting of coot, bird hunting. We allow hunting of duck, § 32.65 Virginia. duck, goose, mourning dove, and snipe goose, crow, and American woodcock * * * * * on designated areas of the refuge subject on designated areas of the refuge subject (a) * * * to the following conditions: to the following conditions: (3) * * *

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(iii) We prohibit retrieval of wounded designated areas of the refuge subject to (iv) We prohibit the use of pursuit game from a ‘‘No Hunting Area’’ or the following conditions: dogs while hunting deer. ‘‘Safety Zone’’ without the consent of (i) You must possess and carry a (v) Hunters must certify and qualify the refuge employee on duty at the signed refuge permit (FWS Form 3– weapons and ammunition at a refuge- check station. 2439, Hunt Application—National approved range and view the refuge * * * * * Wildlife Refuge System). orientation session online prior to (v) We prohibit the use of pursuit (ii) We only allow shotguns with slugs issuance of a refuge permit (FWS Form dogs while hunting white-tailed deer. during the firearm season. 3–2439, Hunt Application—National (iii) We prohibit organized deer Wildlife Refuge System). * * * * * drives. We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an (b) * * * (4) [Reserved] organized or planned effort to pursue, (1) * * * (i) Plum Tree Island National Wildlife drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or (i) You must obtain and possess a Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird cause deer to move in the direction of signed refuge hunt permit (FWS Form hunting. We allow hunting of migratory any person(s) who is part of the 3–2439, Hunt Application—National waterfowl, gallinule, and coot on organized or planned hunt and known Wildlife Refuge System) while hunting designated areas of the refuge subject to to be waiting for the deer. on the refuge. the following conditions: (iv) We prohibit the use of pursuit (i) We require migratory game bird * * * * * dogs while hunting deer. hunters to obtain and carry a permit (iv) We allow the use of dogs (v) Hunters must certify and qualify through a lottery administered by the consistent with State regulations. weapons and ammunition at a refuge- Virginia Department of Game and * * * * * approved range and view the refuge Inland Fisheries. (3) * * * orientation session online prior to (ii) You must hunt from a blind, as (i) We allow holders of a signed refuge issuance of a refuge permit (FWS Form assigned by the hunting permit. hunt permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt 3–2439, Hunt Application—National (iii) We allow the use of dogs Application—National Wildlife Refuge Wildlife Refuge System). consistent with State regulations. System) to access areas of the refuge (4) [Reserved] (2)–(4) [Reserved] typically closed to the nonhunting (e) * * * (j) * * * public. All occupants of a vehicle or (3) Big game hunting. We allow (3) * * * hunt party must possess a refuge hunt hunting of white-tailed deer and bear on (v) We prohibit the use of pursuit permit and be actively engaged in designated areas of the refuge subject to dogs while hunting white-tailed deer. hunting. We allow an exception for the following conditions: * * * * * those persons aiding a disabled person (i) You must possess and carry a (k) * * * who possesses a valid State-issued signed refuge permit (FWS Form 3– (3) Big game hunting. We allow Commonwealth of Virginia Disabled 2439, Hunt Application—National hunting of white-tailed deer on Resident Lifetime License or Wildlife Refuge System). designated areas of the refuge subject to Commonwealth of Virginia Resident (ii) We prohibit the use of pursuit the following conditions: Disabled Veteran’s Lifetime License. dogs while hunting white-tailed deer (i) We require big game hunters to * * * * * and bear. obtain a permit (FWS Form 3–2439, (4) * * * (v) We prohibit the use of pursuit Hunt Application—National Wildlife (ii) We prohibit bank fishing on the dogs while hunting white-tailed deer Refuge System). refuge, with the exception noted in and sika. (ii) We prohibit the use of pursuit paragraph (e)(4)(i) of this section. * * * * * dogs while hunting white-tailed deer. * * * * * (c) * * * (4) * * * (f) * * * (3) * * * (iv) We prohibit the use of lead (3) * * * fishing tackle in freshwater ponds, (i) We allow holders of a signed refuge (v) We prohibit the use of pursuit including Wilna Pond and Laurel Grove hunt permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt dogs while hunting white-tailed deer. Application—National Wildlife Refuge Pond. * * * * * System) to access areas of the refuge * * * * * (h) Occoquan Bay National Wildlife typically closed to the nonhunting (l) * * * Refuge. (1)–(2) [Reserved] public. All occupants of a vehicle or (3) * * * (3) Big game hunting. We allow hunt party must possess a refuge hunt (i) You must obtain and carry a signed hunting of white-tailed deer on permit and be actively engaged in refuge big game hunt brochure while designated areas of the refuge subject to hunting. We allow an exception for hunting. the following conditions: those persons aiding a disabled person (i) You must possess and carry a * * * * * who possesses a valid State-issued signed refuge permit (FWS Form 3– (v) We prohibit the use of pursuit Commonwealth of Virginia Disabled 2439, Hunt Application—National dogs while hunting white-tailed deer. Resident Lifetime License or Wildlife Refuge System) and be selected * * * * * Commonwealth of Virginia Resident in the refuge lottery to hunt. ■ Disabled Veteran’s Lifetime License. 44. Amend § 32.66 by revising (ii) We only allow shotguns with slugs paragraph (l)(1) and (n) to read as * * * * * during the firearm season. follows: (vi) We prohibit the use of pursuit (iii) We prohibit organized deer dogs while hunting white-tailed deer. drives. We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an § 32.66 Washington. * * * * * organized or planned effort to pursue, * * * * * (d) Elizabeth Hartwell Mason Neck drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or (l) * * * National Wildlife Refuge. (1)–(2) cause deer to move in the direction of (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We [Reserved] any person(s) who is part of the allow hunting of duck, goose, and coot (3) Big game hunting. We allow organized or planned hunt and known on designated areas of the refuge subject hunting of white-tailed deer on to be waiting for the deer. to the following conditions:

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(i) We allow hunting during the State (ii) We prohibit bear hunting on any you must obtain a Special Use Permit youth season in September. portion of the refuge except Long Island. (FWS Form 3–1383–G) at the refuge (ii) We allow hunting from the (iii) We prohibit the use of centerfire headquarters before hunting. beginning of the regular waterfowl or rimfire rifles within the Lewis, Porter (iii) We only allow hunting in the No seasons through November 30 by youths Point, and Riekkola Units. Rifle Zones with the following (younger than age 16) on Saturday and (iv) The condition set forth at equipment: Archery (including Sunday only. An adult, age 18 or older, paragraph (n)(1)(ii) of this section crossbow), shotgun, or muzzleloader. must accompany and supervise youth applies. (iv) We prohibit the hunting of upland hunters. We allow the supervising (v) You may leave your tree stand(s) game species from March 1 through adult(s) to hunt. in place for 3 days. You must label your August 31. (iii) We allow the use of dogs when tree stand(s) with your hunting license (3) Big game hunting. We allow the hunting. number and the date you set up the hunting of white-tailed deer, black bear, (iv) Hunters may access the refuge no stand. You may set up stands 11⁄2 hours and turkey on designated areas of the earlier than 2 hours before legal hunting before legal sunrise. You must remove refuge subject to the following hours and must leave no later than 1 your tree stand(s) and all other personal conditions: hour after legal hunting hours. property from the refuge by 11⁄2 hours (i) The conditions set forth at (v) Hunters may hunt only from after legal sunset on the third day (see paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (iv) and within 50 yards of posted hunting sites. § 27.93 of this chapter). (a)(2)(iii) of this section apply. (vi) Hunting parties are restricted to a (vi) At Leadbetter Point, we allow (ii) We allow the use of dogs for maximum of two youths and two hunting of elk only during the State hunting black bear during the gun accompanying adults per hunting site. early muzzleloader season, and by season. (vii) We allow the use of special permit in consultation with the (iii) We prohibit organized deer nonmotorized boats for hunting. State. drives. We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an (viii) We only allow the use of (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport organized or planned effort to pursue, portable blinds and temporary blinds fishing on designated areas of the drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or constructed of manmade materials. refuge. cause deer to move in the direction of (ix) Hunters must remove all blinds, ■ 45. Revise § 32.67 to read as follows: decoys, and other personal equipment any person(s) who is part of the from the refuge at the end of each day’s § 32.67 West Virginia. organized or planned hunt and known to be waiting for the deer. hunt (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this The following refuge units are open (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport chapter). for hunting and/or fishing as governed fishing on designated areas of the refuge (x) We allow migratory game bird by applicable Federal and State subject to the following condition: We hunting with shotguns only. regulations, and are listed in prohibit the use of lead fishing tackle on alphabetical order with additional * * * * * designated areas of the refuge. (n) Willapa National Wildlife refuge-specific regulations. (b) Ohio River Islands National Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird (a) Canaan Valley National Wildlife Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game hunting. We allow hunting of goose, Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird bird hunting. We allow hunting of duck, coot, and snipe on designated hunting. We allow hunting of goose, migratory game birds on designated areas of the refuge subject to the duck, rail, coot, gallinule, mourning areas of the refuge subject to the following conditions: dove, snipe, and woodcock on following conditions: (i) In the designated goose hunt area designated areas of the refuge subject to (i) We require each hunter to possess in the Riekkola Unit, hunters may take the following conditions: and carry a signed refuge hunting ducks, coots, and snipe only incidental (i) We require each hunter to possess brochure (signed brochure). to hunting geese. and carry a signed refuge hunting (ii) We open the refuge for hunting brochure (signed brochure). (ii) Hunters may enter the refuge 1 hour before legal sunrise and must exit access from 11⁄2 hours before legal (ii) Hunters may enter the refuge 1 the refuge, including parking areas, no sunrise until 11⁄2 hours after legal hour before legal sunrise and must exit sunset. the refuge, including parking areas, no later than 1 hour after legal sunset. (iii) We allow the use of dogs when later than 1 hour after legal sunset. (iii) We allow the use of dogs hunting. (iii) We prohibit overnight parking consistent with State regulations. (iv) You must remove all personal except by Special Use Permit (FWS (2) Upland game hunting. We allow property, including decoys and boats, Form 3–1383–G) on Forest Road 80. hunting of upland game on designated by 1 hour after legal sunset (see §§ 27.93 (iv) We allow the use of dogs areas of the refuge subject to the and 27.94 of this chapter). consistent with State regulations. following condition: The conditions set (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (v) We prohibit dog training except forth at paragraphs (b)(1)(i), (ii), and (iii) hunting of forest grouse (sooty and during legal hunting seasons. of this section apply. ruffed) on designated areas of the refuge (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (3) Big game hunting. We allow subject to the following conditions: the hunting of ruffed grouse, squirrel, hunting of big game on designated areas (i) We allow archery hunting only. cottontail rabbit, snowshoe hare, red of the refuge subject to the following (ii) The condition set forth at fox, gray fox, bobcat, woodchuck, conditions: paragraph (n)(1)(ii) of this section coyote, opossum, striped skunk, and (i) The conditions set forth at applies. raccoon on designated areas of the paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (ii) of this (3) Big game hunting. We allow refuge subject to the following section apply. hunting of deer, elk, and bear on conditions: (ii) We prohibit organized deer drives. designated areas of the refuge subject to (i) The conditions set forth at We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an the following conditions: paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (iv) and (v) of this organized or planned effort to pursue, (i) At Long Island, we allow only section apply. drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or archery hunting; we prohibit hunting (ii) You may hunt coyote, raccoon, cause deer to move in the direction of firearms. opossum, skunk, and fox at night, but any person(s) who is part of the

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organized or planned hunt and known American woodcock on designated fluorescent pink material visible from to be waiting for the deer. areas of the refuge subject to the all directions. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport following condition: We allow only (4) Sport fishing. We allow fishing on fishing on designated areas of the refuge participants in the Learn to Hunt and designated areas of the refuge subject to subject to the following conditions: other special programs to hunt goose, the following conditions: (i) We allow fishing from 1 hour duck, coot, and common moorhen. (i) We only allow bank fishing or before legal sunrise until 1 hour after (2) Upland game hunting. We allow fishing through the ice. legal sunset. This restriction does not hunting of wild turkey, ring-necked (ii) We prohibit the use of fishing apply to off-shore fishing. pheasant, gray partridge, ruffed grouse, weights or lures containing lead. (ii) We prohibit trotlines (setlines) and squirrel, cottontail rabbit, snowshoe * * * * * turtle lines. hare, raccoon, opossum, striped skunk, ■ 47. Amend § 32.69 by: ■ 46. Amend § 32.68 by revising red fox, gray fox, coyote, and bobcat on ■ a. Redesignating paragraphs (a) paragraphs (c) and (d) to read as follows: designated areas of the refuge subject to through (e) as paragraphs (b) through (f); the following conditions: § 32.68 Wisconsin. ■ b. Adding a new paragraph (a); and (i) For hunting, you may use or ■ * * * * * c. Revising newly redesignated possess only approved nontoxic shot paragraphs (b), (c), (e)(1), and (f). (c) Hackmatack National Wildlife shells while in the field, including shot Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird The addition and revisions read as shells used for hunting wild turkey (see follows: hunting. We allow hunting of migratory § 32.2(k)). game birds on designated areas of the (ii) We prohibit night hunting from 1⁄2 § 32.69 Wyoming. refuge subject to the following hour after legal sunset until 1⁄2 hour * * * * * condition: You must remove all boats, before legal sunrise the following day. (a) Bamforth National Wildlife Refuge. decoys, blinds, blind materials, stands, (iii) We allow the use of dogs while (1) [Reserved] platforms, and other hunting equipment hunting upland game (except raccoon, (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this chapter) opossum, striped skunk, red fox, gray hunting of chukar, grey partridge, brought onto the refuge at the end of fox, coyote, and bobcat), provided the pheasant, rabbit, sharp-tailed grouse, each day’s hunt. dog is under the immediate control of (2) Upland game hunting. We allow and turkey on designated areas of the the hunter at all times. upland game and turkey hunting on refuge. (iv) Coyote, red fox, gray fox, and designated areas of the refuge subject to (3) Big game hunting. We allow bobcat hunting begins on the first day of the following conditions: hunting of pronghorn antelope, mule the traditional 9-day gun deer season. (i) For hunting, you may use or deer, and white-tailed deer on possess only approved nontoxic shot (v) Coyote hunting ends on the last designated areas of the refuge. shells while in the field, including shot day of the season for fox. (4) [Reserved] shells used for hunting wild turkey (see (vi) You may only hunt striped skunk (b) Cokeville Meadows National § 32.2(k)). and opossum during the season for Wildlife Refuge—(1) Migratory game (ii) You must remove all boats, raccoon. bird hunting. We allow hunting of dove, decoys, blinds, blind materials, stands, (vii) You may only hunt snowshoe duck, dark goose, coot, merganser, light platforms, and other hunting equipment hare during the season for cottontail goose, snipe, Virginia rail, Sora rail, (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this chapter) rabbit. sandhill crane, and mourning dove on brought onto the refuge at the end of (viii) Hunters may enter the refuge no designated areas of the refuge subject to each day’s hunt. earlier than 1 hour before legal shooting the following conditions: (3) Big game hunting. We allow big hours and must exit the refuge no later (i) We allow the use of dogs when game hunting on designated areas of the than 1 hour after legal shooting hours. hunting. refuge subject to the following (3) Big game hunting. We allow (ii) Hunters may only access the conditions: hunting of white-tailed deer and black refuge 1 hour before legal sunrise until (i) You must remove all boats, decoys, bear in designated areas of the refuge 1 hour after legal sunset. blinds, blind materials, stands, subject to the following conditions: (2) Upland game hunting. We allow platforms, and other hunting equipment (i) Hunters must remove all stands hunting of blue grouse, ruffed grouse, (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of this chapter) and personal property from the refuge chukar partridge, gray partridge, brought onto the refuge at the end of following each day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 cottontail rabbit, snowshoe hare, each day’s hunt. and 27.94 of this chapter). We prohibit squirrel (red, gray, and fox), red fox, (ii) We prohibit organized deer drives. hunting from any stand left up raccoon, and striped skunk on We define a ‘‘deer drive’’ as an overnight. designated areas of the refuge subject to organized or planned effort to pursue, (ii) We prohibit hunting bear with the following conditions: drive, chase, or otherwise frighten or dogs. (i) The condition set forth at cause deer to move in the direction of (iii) Hunters must possess a refuge paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section any person(s) who is part of the permit (FWS Form 3–2439, Hunt applies. organized or planned hunt and known Application—National Wildlife Refuge (ii) We allow the use of dogs to find to be waiting for the deer. System) to hunt in Area E (surrounding and retrieve legally harvested upland (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport the office/visitor center). game birds, cottontail rabbits, and fishing on designated areas of the refuge (iv) Hunters may enter the refuge no squirrels. You may not use dogs to chase subject to the following condition: We earlier than 1 hour before legal shooting red fox, raccoon, striped skunk, or any prohibit the taking of turtle and frog (see hours and must exit the refuge no later other species not specifically allowed in § 27.21 of this chapter). than 1 hour after legal shooting hours. this paragraph (b)(2)(ii). (d) Horicon National Wildlife (v) Any ground blind used during any (iii) Licensed migratory bird, big Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird gun deer season must display at least game, or upland/small game hunters hunting. We allow hunting of goose, 144 square inches (929 square may harvest red fox, raccoon, and duck, coot, common moorhen, and centimeters) of solid-blaze-orange or striped skunk on the refuge from

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September 1 until the end of the last (iv) You must remove portable blinds, hunting. We allow duck, goose, coot, open big game, upland bird, or small tree stands, decoys, and other personal rail, snipe, woodcock, dove, and crow game season. You must possess, and equipment from the refuge after each hunting on designated areas of the remove from the refuge, all red fox, day’s hunt (see §§ 27.93 and 27.94 of hatchery. raccoon, and striped skunk that you this chapter). (2) Upland game hunting. We allow harvest on the refuge. (2) Upland game hunting. We allow pheasant, bobwhite quail, ruffed and (3) Big game hunting. We allow hunting of sage grouse, cottontail rabbit, sharp-tailed grouse, Hungarian hunting of elk, mule deer, white-tailed jackrabbit, raccoon, fox, and skunk on partridge, rabbit/hare, squirrel, coyote, deer, pronghorn, and moose subject to designated areas of the refuge subject to fox, bobcat, raccoon, opossum, skunk, the following condition: The condition the following condition: The conditions weasel, and woodchuck hunting on set forth at paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this set forth at paragraphs (f)(1)(i) and (ii) of designated areas of the hatchery. section applies. this section apply. (3) Big game hunting. We allow white- (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport (3) Big game hunting. We allow tailed deer, turkey, and bear hunting on fishing on designated areas of the hunting of pronghorn, mule deer, white- designated areas of the hatchery subject refuge. tailed deer, elk, and moose on to the following conditions: (c) Hutton Lake National Wildlife designated areas of the refuge subject to (i) You must label tree stands and Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird the following condition: The condition ground blinds with the owner’s State hunting. We allow youth hunting of set forth at paragraph (f)(1)(i) section hunting license number. The label must goose, duck, coot, and merganser on applies. be readable from the ground. (4) Sport fishing. We allow sport designated areas of the refuge during the (ii) You may place tree stands and fishing on designated areas of the refuge Wyoming Zone C2 ‘‘special youth ground blinds on the hatchery only from waterfowl hunting days’’ subject to the subject to the following conditions: (i) The condition set forth at September 1 to December 31 annually. following conditions: (b) Jordan River National Fish (i) We allow the use of dogs when paragraph (f)(1)(i) of this section applies. Hatchery—(1) Migratory game bird hunting. hunting. We allow the hunting of (ii) We prohibit the cleaning of game (ii) We prohibit taking of mollusk, woodcock, dove, duck, goose, rail, on the refuge. crustacean, reptile, and amphibian from (2) Upland game hunting. We allow the refuge (see § 27.21 of this chapter). snipe, coot, and crow on designated hunting of chuker, grey partridge, areas of the hatchery subject to the pheasant, rabbit, sharp-tailed grouse, PART 36—ALASKA NATIONAL following conditions: and turkey on designated areas of the WILDLIFE REFUGES (i) We allow entry into the hatchery refuge subject to the following 1 hour before legal sunrise and require ■ 48. The authority citation for part 36 hunters to leave the hatchery no later conditions: continues to read as follows: (i) The conditions set forth at than 1 hour after legal sunset. paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (ii) of this Authority: 16 U.S.C. 460(k) et seq., 668dd– (ii) We prohibit shooting on or over section apply. 668ee, 3101 et seq., Pub. L. 115–20, 131 Stat. any hatchery road within 50 feet (15 (ii) We allow hunting November 1 86. meters) from the centerline. ■ through March 1. 49. Amend § 36.39 by adding (iii) We allow the use of dogs while (3) Big game hunting. We allow paragraph (d) to read as follows: hunting, provided the dog is under the hunting of pronghorn antelope and § 36.39 Public use. immediate control of the hunter at all mule deer on designated areas of the times. * * * * * (2) Upland game hunting. We allow refuge subject to the following (d) Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. hunting of rabbit/hare, squirrel, coyote, condition: We allow hunting November We prohibit all domestic sheep, goats, fox, bobcat, raccoon, opossum, skunk, 1 through March 1. and camelids on the refuge. (4) [Reserved] weasel, and woodchuck on designated * * * * * * * * * * areas of the hatchery subject to the (e) * * * Subchapter E—Management of Fisheries following condition: The conditions set (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We Conservation Areas forth at paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) allow hunting of dove, goose, duck, and of this section apply. coot on designated areas of the refuge. PART 71—HUNTING AND SPORT (3) Big game hunting. We allow FISHING ON NATIONAL FISH hunting of bear, white-tailed deer, and * * * * * HATCHERIES (f) Seedskadee National Wildlife turkey on designated areas of the hatchery and subject to the following Refuge—(1) Migratory game bird ■ 50. The authority citation for part 71 conditions: hunting. We allow hunting of dark continues to read as follows: goose, duck, coot, merganser, dove, (i) The conditions set forth at Authority: Sec. 4, Pub. L. 73–121, 48 Stat. snipe, and rail on designated areas of paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this 402, as amended; sec. 4, Pub. L. 87–714, 76 section apply. the refuge subject to the following Stat. 654; 5 U.S.C. 301; 16 U.S.C. 460k, 664, conditions: 668dd, 1534. (ii) We allow the use of portable stands and blinds for hunting, and (i) We open the refuge to the general ■ 51. Revise § 71.11 to read as follows: public from 1⁄2 hour before legal sunrise hunters must remove them at the end of to 1⁄2 hour after legal sunset. Waterfowl § 71.11 National fish hatcheries open for each day. hunters may enter the refuge 1 hour hunting. (iii) You must label tree stands with before legal shooting hours to set up The following hatcheries are open for the owner’s Department of Natural decoys and blinds. hunting as governed by applicable Resources sportcard number. The label, (ii) We allow the use of dogs when Federal and State regulations, and are printed in legible English that can be hunting. listed in alphabetical order with easily read from the ground, must be (iii) You must only use portable additional hatchery-specific regulations. affixed to the stand. blinds or blinds constructed from dead (a) Iron River National Fish (c) Leadville National Fish Hatchery— and downed wood. Hatchery—(1) Migratory game bird (1) Migratory game bird hunting. We

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allow migratory game bird hunting on conditions set forth at paragraphs areas of the hatchery subject to the designated areas of the hatchery. (e)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section apply. following conditions: (2) Upland game hunting. We allow (4) Sport fishing. See § 71.12(m) for (1) Anglers must abide by posted upland game hunting on designated hatchery-specific fishing regulations for signage. areas of the hatchery. this hatchery. (2) Anglers must remain at least 50 (f) Southwest Native Aquatic (3) Big game hunting. We allow big feet away from raceways and fish Resources and Recovery Center—(1) game hunting on designated areas of the culture areas to maintain biosecurity of Migratory game bird hunting. We allow hatchery subject to the following stocked fish populations. conditions: the hunting of sandhill crane, light and (i) You must label tree stands and dark goose, duck, merganser, coot, (3) On the Konkapot River, we ground blinds with the owner’s State mourning and white-winged dove, and prohibit angling equipment, including, hunting license number. The label must band-tailed pigeon on designated areas but not limited to, live bait, boots, and be readable from the ground. of the center. rods, near the areas described in (ii) You may place tree stands and (2) Upland game hunting. We allow paragraph (b)(2). ground blinds on the refuge only from the hunting of Eurasian collared-dove; (4) We limit access to Outreach Pond September 1 to December 31 annually. dusky (blue) grouse; pheasant; scaled to youth (ages 13 and younger), (4) Sport fishing. See § 71.12(k) for quail; and Abert’s, red, gray, and fox supervised by an adult at all times. hatchery-specific fishing regulations for squirrel on designated areas of the (5) We allow fishing on Outreach this hatchery. center. Pond during open hatchery hours only. (d) Leavenworth National Fish (3) [Reserved] (6) We prohibit the use of baitfish, Hatchery—(1) Migratory game bird (g) Spring Creek National Fish shiners, and minnows in the Outreach hunting. We allow migratory game bird Hatchery—(1) Migratory bird hunting. Pond. We allow hunting of crow on designated hunting on designated areas of the (7) We prohibit all fishing methods of areas of the hatchery subject to the hatchery subject to the following take besides rods on Outreach Pond. condition: We allow the use of dogs for following conditions: (i) We only allow portable blinds and (8) We allow a daily creel limit of hunting in accordance with State of three (3) fish per individual at Outreach Washington hunting regulations. temporary blinds constructed of nonliving natural materials. Hunters Pond. There is no creel limit during (2) Upland game hunting. We allow fishing derbies. upland game hunting on designated must remove all equipment at the end (9) We prohibit fishing during the areas of the hatchery subject to the of each day’s hunt. winter in Outreach Pond. following condition: We allow the use (ii) We allow the use of dogs when of dogs for hunting in accordance with hunting. (10) We prohibit the use of all lead, (2) Upland game hunting. We allow State of Washington hunting including tackle containing lead, when hunting of bobcat, grouse, partridge, and regulations. fishing in Outreach Pond. porcupine on designated areas of the (3) Big game hunting. We allow big * * * * * hatchery subject to the following game hunting on designated areas of the (d) Dwight D. Eisenhower National condition: The conditions set forth at hatchery subject to the following Fish Hatchery. We allow sport fishing paragraphs (g)(1)(i) and (ii) of this condition: We allow the use of dogs for on designated areas of the hatchery section apply. hunting in accordance with State of (3) Big game hunting. We allow subject to the following conditions: Washington hunting regulations. hunting of bear, elk, black-tailed deer, (1) Anglers must abide by posted (4) Sport fishing. See § 71.12(l) for mule deer, and wild turkey on signage. hatchery-specific fishing regulations for designated areas of the hatchery subject (2) Anglers must remain at least 50 this hatchery. to the following condition: The feet away from the water intake from (e) Little White Salmon National Fish conditions set forth at paragraphs Furnace Brook, raceways, and fish Hatchery—(1) Migratory bird hunting. (g)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section apply. culture areas for safety and to maintain We allow hunting of crow on designated (4) Sport fishing. See § 71.12(o) for biosecurity of stocked fish populations. areas of the hatchery subject to the hatchery-specific fishing regulations for (3) We prohibit angling equipment, following conditions: this hatchery. including, but not limited to, live bait, (i) We only allow portable blinds and ■ boots, and rods, near the areas described temporary blinds constructed of 52. Amend § 71.12 by: ■ a. Redesignating paragraphs (g) in paragraph (d)(2). nonliving natural materials. Hunters through (m) as paragraphs (k) through must remove all equipment at the end * * * * * (q), respectively; paragraphs (b) through of each day’s hunt. (j) Lamar National Fish Hatchery. We (ii) We allow the use of dogs when (f) as paragraphs (e) through (i), allow sport fishing on designated areas hunting. respectively; and paragraph (a) as of the hatchery subject to the following (2) Upland game hunting. We allow paragraph (c); and condition: We only allow sport fishing ■ b. Adding new paragraphs (a), (b), (d), hunting of bobcat, grouse, partridge, and from legal sunrise to legal sunset. (j), and (r). porcupine on designated areas of the The additions read as follows: * * * * * hatchery subject to the following (r) Willard National Fish Hatchery. condition: The conditions set forth at § 71.12 National fish hatcheries open for We allow sport fishing on designated paragraphs (e)(1)(i) and (ii) of this sport fishing. areas of the hatchery. section apply. * * * * * (3) Big game hunting. We allow (a) Abernathy Fish Technology Center. George Wallace, hunting of bear, elk, black-tailed deer, We allow sport fishing on designated Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife and mule deer, and wild turkey on areas of the center. Parks. designated areas of the hatchery subject (b) Berkshire National Fish Hatchery. [FR Doc. 2020–16003 Filed 8–28–20; 8:45 am] to the following condition: The We allow sport fishing on designated BILLING CODE 4333–15–P

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