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Nboan the Maria 411.- 10, it11/4040 -00 -1a, 0004•.- Nboan give- Th.% -Alow .11111111 the Maria Plus: Sex 11, Ja - • Yoko I IN ta Vets - - F I ,-,1*rmo:?:".`1341P127- 1/ 404 3 a. • _ - f EDITORIAL ART DIRECTOR: Ken Kelley EDITOR: Craig Pyes FEATURE EDITOR: David Weir MANAGING EDITOR: Alison Weir COPY EDITOR: Cheryl Bishop DESIGN CONSULTANT: Bob Roth POETRY EDITOR: Anne Waldman MUSIC EDITOR: Alec Dubro PHOTOGRAPHERS: Detroit Annie, Gary Weineke CONSULTING EDITOR: Abbie Hoffman WANDERING HISTORIAN: Harvey Wasserman BUSINESS BUSINESS CONSULTANT: Charles Fracchia ADVERTISING MANAGER: Jay Odell OFFICE MANAGER: Aloma Sue DISTR IBUTION MANAGER: Keith Wilson BUSINESS STAFF: Tia Odell, Tamara Baltar, Sharon Murphy PUBLICITY: Kathy Streem ART STAFF: Joe DiVencenzo, Michael Hamilton, Carl Muecke Terry Taube, Good Times PRODUCTION MANAGER: Wade Carey FRONT AND BACK COVERS BY PHIL CARROLL Contributing Editors: Frank Bardacke, Robert Bazell, Richard Boyle, Kate Coleman, Banning Garrett, Jeff Gerth, Todd Gitlin, Howard Kohn, Sandra Levinson, J. Marks, Harold Rossman, Robert Scheer, Walter Shapiro, Allen Young. Correspondents: Sandy Carter (Omaha), Izzy Cohen (Jerusalem), Claudia Dreifus (New York), Thomas Dupree (Atlanta), Bob Hartley (San Diego), Kenji Kanesaka (Tokyo), Mike Kazin (Portland), Tom Miller (Dallas), Abe Peck (Chicago, Jeff Nightbird (Houston), Clark Norton (Charlotte), Larry Werner (Louisville), Daniel Zwerdling (Washington, D.C.). Special Thanks: Suzanne Allen, Mark Bramhall, Elliott Buckdrucker, Alvin Duskin, BobFisher, Karen Freedman, Erik Ibsen, Dan Weinstein SunDance Magazine is published monthly by Running Dog, Inc., 1913 Fillmore Street, San Francisco, California, 94115. Telephone (415)563-2100; Advertising: (415) 431-4347. Subscriptions: U. S., $8 twelve issues, $14 twenty-four issues; Canada, 39 twelve issues, 116 twenty-four issues. Foreign rate; 110 twelve issues, 118 twenty-four issues. Foreign Airmail rate: Mexico, CentrafAmerica, Caribbean Islands, $77; Europe, South America, North Africa, 121; Far and Near East, USSR, Australia, and remainder of Africa. 126.50. Single issue, 75 cents. Copyright ° 1972, Running Dog, Inc. All rights reserved. Nothing may be reprinted in whole or in part without written permission of publisher. Retail distribution c/o SunDance Distributing Co., 1913 Fillmore St., San Francisco, California ......94115. Unsolicited manuscripts submitted to SunDance must be sent with stamped, \\... self-addressed envelope to ensure their return. SunDance editors assume no responsibil- ity for unsolicited manuscripts. on Nixon and his ties to organized crime. A twenty-seven-year old researcher and free-lance writer, Gerth has extensive training in financial investigations, including a bachelor's degree in business from Northwestern and graduate-level study at Columbia. "In light of his personal business dealings and the milieu in which he has traveled for more than twenty-five years," Gerth concludes, "it is accurate to say that organized crime has elected its own President in Richard Nixon." The major editing of the story was done by Contributing Editor Harvey Wasserman and Feature Editor David Weir. "After a six-month investigation into the long career of Richard Nixon, " writes Jeff Gerth in this issue's cover story "Nixon and the Mafia," starting on page 30, "one indisputable fact emerges—Richard Nixon's ascendancy to the pinnacle of American power has required twenty-five years of care and feeding by some very wealthy and reactio- nary men, and a substantial number of them have connections with organized crime." Gerth's investigation took him to eleven cities, where he interviewed over a hundred people, and examined thousands of documents, includ- ing court files, National Archives records, and both private and govern- ment intelligence files on organized crime. The evidence in the article is not "circumstantial" proof of any wrong- doing by Nixon. It is rather a clear, accurate portrait of a man whose closest personal, business, and political ties have been with a thoroughly intertwined circle of men who are directly and indirectly linked to organized crime. Through his research, Jeff Gerth has become a premier authority • :,1 !*t" r. th4*, •- i#110ME4040t430-- "Organized crime will put a man in the White House someday, and he won't even know it until they hand him the bill." -Ralph Salerno Richard M. Nixon has been a central figure in American politics since the end of World War II. He is now completing the last of his three Presidential campaigns as the best- financed candidate in United States history. Yet in many ways Nixon remains a profound enigma to us all. Never a man of great personal popularity, he has nevertheless survived an almost endless series of personal crises and defeats to attain the pinnacle of , American power. Nixon's career has been continu- ously marred by scandal and con- troversy. From his smear cam- paigns in the late Forties, to the secret slush fund that led to the Checkers speech in 1952, to the Hughes loan in 1960, to the $400,000 ITT scandal this spring, to the Watergate break-in and the $10,000,000 secret Re- publican war chest cur- rently in the news, Nix- on's ascendancy to pow- er has been surrounded by the stigma of suspi- cion. This article has no di- rect "scandal" to dis- close, nor is it a col- "Copyright 1971. Son1.3,1n< e taga7I ne lection of circumstantial evidence designed to pin a specific With its gigantic power and resources, from the heroin wrong-doing on Nixon. traffic to inflated supermarket prices, from military PX frauds It Is rather a direct, primary portrait of a man whose finan- to black market currency manipulations, from gambling and cial and political careers have rested on investments and con- prostitution to its tong, powerful push into "legitimate" busi- tributions tainted by the involvement of organized crime. Rich- ness and politics, organized crime constitutes one of the most ard Nixon's closest personal, business, and political ties have powerful and pervasive forces In American life. been with a tightly intertwined circle of men who are directly and indirectly connected with the underworld. These connections have been unearthed in the course of a six-month Investigation of Nixon's career, focusing on his busi- ness deals in Florida and the Caribbean since the late Forties. The Early Days in Florida A number of new facts have been discovered: • Nixon visited Miami numerous times in the late Forties, A major base for the wide network of organized crime is contrary to all of his official biographies. While there, he the Caribbean, and consequently a major capital is Miami. In yachted with Richard Danner, Bebe Rebozo, and Tatum "Chub- the days of the Cuban dictatorship, Miami was the center of by" Wofford of the syndicate-controlled Wofford Hotel. the "Havana connection"—a funnel for money flowing from the Danner also had mob connections at that time. Caribbean gambling hotel, prostitution, and drug operations • Nixon has Invested in two southern Florida land deals; which centered in pre-revolutionary Cuba. The control exercised others involved in both projects have had links with organized by organized crime over the city of Miami dates back to the crime. Two men in particular—Leonard Bursten and Nathan Forties. Ratner—have had business connections with organized crime. As of January 3, 1947, Richard Nixon was a Congressman • Nixon concealed his ownership of a Key Biscayne lot for from southern California. Mr. Nixon and his biographers have four years until a mortgage held by another Lansky-associate, always maintained that he never showed up in Florida—the site Arthur Denser, was paid off. of so many of his later dealings—until the early Fifties. • Nixon's closest friend, Bede Rebozo, was a war profiteer But information from two ex-FBI agents not only puts Cong- in the early Forties in the tire recapping business. Three of his ressman Nixon In Florida "numerable" times in the Forties, but and other persons closely associates served on the Dade County tire allocation board, also in close contact with Bebe Rebozo in clear violation of OPA regulation No. 3C-118. At the same connected with organized crime. Keeping Nixon out of Florida in the Forties is essential to time Nixon was working in the legal interpretations unit of the Nixon image, because in 1950 Senator Estes Kefauver opened the OPA in Washington, D.C. his celebrated hearings on organized crime in Miami. In 730 • Nixon technically concealed his employment with the OPA pages of testimony Kefauver painted a shattering picture of until he was President. nationally known gangsters working in harmony with Florida • Nixon is linked to the "Havana Connection"—a funnel for public officials ranging in rank from sheriff to governor. organized crime and reactionary Cuban politics. Indictees in Among other things Kefauver reported that the underworld the Watergate case also figure in this connection. took control of three Miami Beach hotels—the Wofford, the • Nixon has received campaign contributions from two men Sands, and the Grand—to centralize their gambling and book. who have had direct connections to organized crime. keeping operations. The three hotels were within a block of • Nixon has appointed a number of men, Including John each other and served as the capitol buildings of the crime Connally. William Rogers, and Will Wilson, who have indirect empire. ties to organized crime. It was into this formidable atmosphere, and Into the compan- • The mob-favored Miami National Bank was the chief creditor ionship of Rebozo and the Wofford family, that Richard Nixon in a bankruptcy case which led to a 1300,000,000 suit, still was introduced In the Forties. Travel plans were arranged by pending, against Nixon and other members of his New York law firm for their alleged part in skimming over 55,000,000 of fellow-Congressman George Smathers and his first campaign manager Richard Danner. the bankrupt firm's accounts.
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