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Foxburg Quadrangle, Pennsylvania

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Foxburg Quadrangle, Pennsylvania DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOR BULLETIN 454 COAL, OIL, AND GAS OF THE FOXBURG QUADRANGLE, PENNSYLVANIA BY EUGENE WESLEY SHAW AND MALCOLM J. MUNN WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE . 1011 CONTENTS. Page. Introduction ............................................................. 7 Topography and drainage................................................. 8 Stratigraphy............................................................. 3.1 Character and thickness of the rocks................................... 11 Rocks not exposed at the surface...................................... 1.2 Devonian system................................................. 12 Portage (?) formation......................................... 12 Chemung (?) formation....................................... 13 Bedsof doubtful age..................................... 13 Tiona sand............................................... 13 Speechley sand.......................................... 14 Warren sand.............................................. 14 Devonian (?) system.............................................. 14 Catskill (?) formation........................................ 14 Shales and sandstones..................................... 14 Correlation of oil sands................................... 15 Butler Fifth sand......'........ ......................... 18 Butler Fourth sand....................................... 18 Butler Third or Gordon and the Butler Third Stray or Gor­ don Stray sands........................................ 19 Butler Bowlder sand, Snee or Blue Monday sand, and Nin­ eveh Thirty-foot sand................................... 19 Carboniferous system............................................. 20 Pocono group (lower part).................................... 20 Outcropping rocks.................................................... 21 Carboniferous system............................................. 21 Mississippian series........................................... 21 Pocono group............................................ 21 Cuyahoga formation.................................. 21 Burgoon sandstone................................... 22 Mauch Chunk formation.................................. 23 Pennsylvanian series......................................... 23 Pottsville formation...................................... 23 Definition ........................................... 23 Connoquenessingsandstone member................... 24 Mercer shale member. ................................ 24 Homewood sandstone member........................ 24 Allegheny formation ..................................... 25 Character and thickness .............................. 25 Brookville coal....................................... 27 Craigsville coal....................................... 27 Lower Clarion coal................................... 28 Upper Clarion coal................................... 28 Vanport limestone member........................... 29 3 4 CONTENTS. Stratigraphy Continued. Outcropping rocks Continued. Page. Carboniferous system Continued. t Pennsylvanian series Continued. Allegheny formation Continued. Kittanning sandstone member........................ 31 Lower Kittanningclay...._..........__..........___.. 31 Lower Kittanning coal.................»...-.....__._.. 31 Middle Kittanning coal............................... 32 Upper Kittanning coal and clay....................... 32 Lower Freeport limestone member, coal, and clay...... 32 Upper Freeport limestone member and clay............ 33 Upper Freeport coal.................................. 33 Conemaugh formation.................................... 33 Mahoning coal....................................... 34 Brush Creek coal..................................... 34 Bakerstown coal..................................... 34 Quaternary system............................................... 35 Pleistocene series............................................. 35 Structure ................................................................ 35 Definition ........................................................... 35 Method of representing structure...................................... 35 Method of making a structural map of an oil sand...................... -36 Convergence sheet.................................................... 38 Variation in the structure of the Vanporb limestone member and the Third sand .............................................................. 38 Use of structure contours............... j.............................. 39 Accuracy of structure contours........................................ 39 Former ideas of structure............................._............... 39 Coal..................................................................... 40 Introduction........I................................................. 40 General description of coals........................................... 41 Pocpno coal..............................................'........ 41 Mercer coal...................................................... 42 Brookville coal.__._..._.................................... 42 Craigsville coal.........-------------------------.----------- - 42 Clarion coal...................................................... 42 Lower Kittanning coal............................................ 42 Middle Kittanning coal........................................... 43 Upper Kittanning coal.. .....................:................. 43 Lower Freeport coal.............................................. 44 Upper Freeport coal.............................................. 44 Coal beds above the Upper Freeport coal.......................... 44 Coal analyses........................................................ 44 Detailed description of coals...... .................................... 45 Coal beds in district east of Allegheny River and north of Clarion Eiver ........^............................................. 45 General conditions............................................ 45 Mercer coal.................................................. 46 Brookville coal................................................ 47 Craigsville coal............................................... 47 Clarion coal..............................I.................... 47 Lower Kittanningcoal................................i....... 49 Coal beds above the Lower Kittanning coal.................... 50 CONTENTS. 5 Coal Continued. Detailed description of coals Continued. Page- Coal beds in district east of Allegheny Eiver and south of Clarion River ..................................................... 50 General conditions........................................... 50 Coal beds below the Clarion coal............................... 51 Clarion coal................_........................-........ '52 Lower Kittanning coal........................................ 54 Middle Kittanning coal....................................... 55 Upper Kittanning coal.. ..^..............................^.... 55 Lower Freeport coal.......................................... 56 Upper Freeport coal.......................................... 66 Mahoning coal............................................... 58 Coal beds in district west of Allegheny River....................... 58 General conditions............................................ 58 Coal beds below the Clarion coal.............................. 58 Clarion coal.................................................. 58 Lower Kittanning coal..................... '..... .............. 60 Middle and Upper Kittanning coals............................ 60 Lower Freeport coal................. 1........................ 61 Upper Freeport coal.......................................... 62 Statistics of coal resources ..................................... ^...... 63 Technology.......................................................... 64 Shipping mines .................................................. 64 Country banks................................................... 65 Oil and gas pools of the Foxburg quadrangle............................... 66 Introduction......................................................... 66 Description by townships............................................. 67 Elk Township, Clarion County...... ....".......................... 67 Beaver Township, Clarion County................................. 68 Salem Township, Clarion County.................................. 69 Richland Township, Clarion County............................... 71 Richland Township, Venango County.............................. 71 Rockland Township, Venango County............................. 72 Scrubgrass Township, Venango County............................ 73 Allegheny Township, Butler County............................... 73 Hovey Township, Armstrong County.............................. 74 Perry Township, Clarion County .................................. 74 Licking Township, Clarion County................................ 75 Piney Township, Clarion County.................................. 76 Toby Township, Clarion County................................... 76 Madison Township, Clarion County................................ 77 Bradys Bend Township, Armstrong County........................ 77 Perry Township, Armstrong County............................... 77 Parker Township, Butler County.................................. 79 Fairview Township, Butler County................................ 79 Apparent effect of structure on the accumulation of oil and gas in the
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