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Typhoid Vaccines See VACCINE INFORMATION STATEMENT Many Vaccine Information Statements are available in Spanish and other languages. Typhoid Vaccines See www.immunize.org/vis. Hojas de Informacián Sobre Vacunas están disponibles en Español y en What You Need to Know muchos otros idiomas. Visite http://www.immunize.org/vis Inactivated Typhoid Vaccine (Shot) 1 What is typhoid? • One dose provides protection. It should be given Typhoid (typhoid fever) is a serious disease. It is at least 2 weeks before travel to allow the caused by bacteria called Salmonella Typhi. vaccine time to work. Typhoid causes a high fever, fatigue, weakness, • A booster dose is needed every 2 years for stomach pains, headache, loss of appetite, and people who remain at risk. sometimes a rash. If it is not treated, it can kill up Live Typhoid Vaccine (Oral) to 30% of people who get it. • Four doses: one capsule every other day for a Some people who get typhoid become “carriers,” week (day 1, day 3, day 5, and day 7). The last who can spread the disease to others. dose should be given at least 1 week before travel to allow the vaccine time to work. Generally, people get typhoid from contaminated food or water. Typhoid is rare in the U.S., and most • Swallow each dose about an hour before a meal U.S. citizens who get the disease get it while with a cold or lukewarm drink. Do not chew the traveling. Typhoid strikes about 21 million people a capsule. year around the world and kills about 200,000. • A booster dose is needed every 5 years for people who remain at risk. 2 Typhoid vaccines Either vaccine may safely be given at the same time Typhoid vaccine can prevent typhoid. as other vaccines. There are two vaccines to prevent typhoid. One is an inactivated (killed) vaccine gotten as a shot, and the 4 Some people should not get other is a live, attenuated (weakened) vaccine which typhoid vaccine or should wait. is taken orally (by mouth). Inactivated Typhoid Vaccine (Shot) • Should not be given to children younger than 2 Who should get typhoid 3 years of age. vaccine and when? • Anyone who has had a severe reaction to a Routine typhoid vaccination is not recommended in previous dose of this vaccine should not get the United States, but typhoid vaccine is another dose. recommended for: • Anyone who has a severe allergy to any component • Travelers to parts of the world where typhoid is of this vaccine should not get it. Tell your doctor common. (NOTE: typhoid vaccine is not 100% if you have any severe allergies. effective and is not a substitute for being careful • Anyone who is moderately or severely ill at the about what you eat or drink). time the shot is scheduled should usually wait • People in close contact with a typhoid carrier. until they recover before getting the vaccine. • Laboratory workers who work with Salmonella Typhi bacteria. Live Typhoid Vaccine (Oral) Live Typhoid Vaccine (Oral) • Should not be given to children younger than Mild Reactions 6 years of age. • Fever or headache (up to about 1 person in 20) • Anyone who has had a severe reaction to a previous dose of this vaccine should not get • Stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, rash (rare) another dose. • Anyone who has a severe allergy to any component 6 What if there is a serious of this vaccine should not get it. Tell your doctor reaction? if you have any severe allergies. What should I look for? • Anyone who is moderately or severely ill at the Any unusual condition, such as a severe allergic time the vaccine is scheduled should usually wait reaction or a high fever. Signs of a severe allergic until they recover before getting it. Tell your reaction can include difficulty breathing; hoarseness doctor if you have an illness involving vomiting or or wheezing; swelling of the throat, lips or tongue; diarrhea. flushing; hives; dizziness; sweating; fast heart beat; • Anyone whose immune system is weakened weakness; or nausea and vomiting. It would occur should not get this vaccine. They should get the within a few minutes to a few hours after the typhoid shot instead. This includes anyone who: vaccination. - has HIV/AIDS or another disease that affects the immune system, What should I do? - is being treated with drugs that affect the • Call a doctor, or get the person to a doctor right immune system, such as steroids for 2 weeks or away. longer, • Tell your doctor what happened, the date and time - has any kind of cancer, it happened, and when the vaccination was given. - is taking cancer treatment with radiation or drugs. • Ask your doctor to report the reaction by filing a • Oral typhoid vaccine should not be given until at Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System least 3 days after taking antibiotics. (VAERS) form. Or you can file this report through Ask your doctor for more information. the VAERS website at www.vaers.hhs.gov, or by calling 1-800-822-7967. VAERS does not provide medical advice. 5 What are the risks from typhoid vaccine? 7 How can I learn more? Like any medicine, a vaccine could cause a serious problem, such as a severe allergic reaction. The risk • Ask your doctor. of typhoid vaccine causing serious harm, or death, • Contact the Centers for Disease Control and is extremely small. Serious problems from either Prevention (CDC): typhoid vaccine are very rare. - Call 1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) or - Visit CDC’s website at Inactivated Typhoid Vaccine (Shot) www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/typhoidfever_g.htm Mild Reactions Vaccine Information Statement • Fever (up to about 1 person in 100) Office Use Only • Headache (up to about 1 person in 30) Typhoid Vaccine • Redness or swelling at the site of the injection (up 5/29/2012 to about 1 person in 15) .
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