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Published by the American Physiological Society – Integrating the Life Sciences from Molecule to Organism THEPHYSIOLOGIST March 2016 • Vol. 59/No. 2 89th President of APS Jane F. Reckelhoff A Matter of Opinion I am very honored and humbled to have Warning: Watch been chosen by the members of the American Out for Predatory Physiological Society to represent them as the 89th President beginning in April 2016. I would Publishers like to thank the membership for their support. I would also like to thank the mentors I have had Because of the publication schedule for along the way who have shaped my career as a The Physiologist, I am writing this piece physiologist. I have been a member of APS for the shortly after the New Year! Hopefully, past 25 years, and the Society has not only shaped each of you had an opportunity to relax, Jane F. Reckelhoff my scientific career but given me opportunities to enjoy family and friends, and, most be of service to fellow physiologists by allowing importantly, begin considering how to me to serve on various APS committees. I consider take advantage of the 6.6% increase in the role of President as another opportunity to serve the Society and am the NIH budget. While I too am looking excited to begin the task. forward to 2016, I was also pleasantly surprised to discover that even predatory As I read the editorials by my predecessors, I believe the Society faces Open Access (OA) publishers took some old challenges and also some new ones. I just listened to Ben time off over the Holidays. I received Busby from the National Center for Biotechnology Information at NIH almost zero invitations from them over give a talk on Genomic Variations in Individual Genomic Sequencing, the Holidays. No one was offering to and afterward he mentioned the current statistic that only 7% of those publish my latest research findings with individuals who complete graduate school will remain in research and guaranteed publication on Friday if I academics as a career. There are even publications aimed at graduate submitted my manuscript by Thursday students to help them find alternative careers and “not waste time Continued on page 73 doing a postdoctoral fellowship in research”! As someone who loves performing research, writing papers and grants (although reading the “Triage” Summary Statements isn’t fun!), I find this appalling, although THIS ISSUE: not entirely surprising. One of my goals as APS President is to encourage continuation of existing programs and develop new programs that 63 Studying Both Sexes: will support our members who want to develop or continue a career A New Frontier for Discovery in research, whether that career is in medical centers, colleges and universities, industry, or government positions. APS is also comprised of many members who are pure academicians. More and more, these 74 The Founders Circle individuals are also being requested to write grants to support new educational initiatives and manuscripts that describe new teaching 91 Switching Gears After methods, and must develop networks of like-minded individuals Graduate School who support their educational initiatives. So these members require assistance from new and existing APS programs as well. 95 APS Participates in the Another challenge we face as a Society is our membership demographics. 2015 Central Regional While our member numbers have been holding fairly steady over HAPS Conference the past several years, in 2014 and 2015, we had more members drop Continued on page 66 the-aps.org Vol. 59/No. 2 | March 2016 • 61 Published by the American Physiological Society – Integrating the Life Sciences from Molecule to Organism THEPHYSIOLOGIST Published bimonthly and distributed by The American Physiological Society 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda, Maryland 20814-3991 Contents ISSN 0031-9376 Martin Frank – Editor and Executive Director 89th President of APS .............................61 Science Policy Patricia E. Molina – President Congress Passes FY 2016 Warning: Watch Out for Predatory Funding Bills ............................................... 98 David M. Pollock – Past President Publishers ...............................................61 NIH to End All Chimpanzee Jane Reckelhoff – President-Elect Research .................................................... 100 Sex Matters Councillors Studying Both Sexes: A New Frontier WHO Says Ketamine Should Barbara T. Alexander, John C. Chatham, David for Discovery ............................................... 63 Not Be Placed Under D. Gutterman, M. Harold Laughlin, Lisa R. Leon, International Control ................................ 102 Marshall H. Montrose, Rudy M. Ortiz, Irene C. Election Results .......................................65 NIH to End Research Solomon, Bill J. Yates Targeted by PETA ..................................... 103 APS News NIH Releases Agency-Wide Ex Officio Hannah V. Carey, Meredith Hay, Robert L. The Founders Circle ................................... 74 Strategic Plan ............................................ 105 Hester, Kevin C. Kregel, Wolfgang M. Kuebler, The 1887 Legacy Circle .............................. 75 J. Michael Wyss 2015 Donors ................................................ 75 Publications Publications Committee: Current Calls for Papers ........................... 106 Chair: Curt D. Sigmund; Vice Chair: Hershel ACDP Meeting Raff; Members: Paul Insel, Alicia A. McDonough, Association of Chairs of Departments Membership Linda C. Samuelson, Susan M. Wall, Loren Wold of Physiology Leadership Retreat Director of Publications: Rita Scheman New Regular Members ............................ 108 Highlights .................................................... 78 New Graduate Student Members .......... 110 Design and Layout: Hall Honored at Annual Undergraduate Student Members ......... 113 Allen Wayne, Ltd. ACDP Meeting ........................................... 80 Affiliate Members ..................................... 114 Subscriptions: Distributed to members as part of their membership. Nonmembers in the USA Experimental Biology News From Distinguished Physiologists (print only): individuals $110.00; institutions EB 2016 Distinguished Lectures ................ 81 $205.00. Nonmembers international: individuals Letter to Patricia E. Molina ...................... 115 Upcoming EB Symposia ............................ 83 $165.00; institutions $255.00. Single copies and Letter to Martin Frank .............................. 116 back issues when available, subscriber $30.00 Experimental Biology 2016........................ 84 each; nonsubscriber $60.00 each. Subscribers to The Physiologist also receive abstracts of Obituary Mentoring Forum the Conferences of the American Physiological In Memoriam: Aubrey E. Taylor Society. The online version is available free to all Switching Gears After Graduate (1933-2015) ................................................ 117 worldwide. School: From Applied Human Physiology to Basic Science ...................... 91 The American Physiological Society assumes no Positions Available ................................119 responsibility for the statements and opinions advanced by contributors to The Physiologist. Education Meetings and Congresses .....................123 APS Participates in the 2015 Central Please notify the APS Membership Regional HAPS Conference ...................... 95 Department as soon as possible if you change your address or telephone number. APS Undergraduate Orientation and Poster Sessions ................................... 96 Headquarters phone: 301-634-7118 2016 Bodil M. Schmidt-Nielsen Fax: 301-634-7241 Distinguished Mentor and Scientists Awardee ..................................... 97 Email: [email protected] http://www.the-aps.org Printed in the USA 62 • Vol. 59/No. 2 | March 2016 THEPHYSIOLOGIST Sex Matters Studying Both Sexes: A New Frontier for Discovery Janine Austin Clayton and Casey Sullivan The Office of Research on rigor of experimental designs, consideration of Women’s Health (ORWH) at the sex and other relevant biological variables, and National Institutes of Health authentication of key biological and/or chemical (NIH) recently celebrated a resources (10). Initially announced in June 2015 (6), milestone anniversary: 25 these updates to instructions and review criteria years of progress in women’s apply to research grant (7) and individual career health research. As we development award (8) applications due on or after celebrate the improved health January 25, 2016 [corresponding updates to training, that women enjoy due to the fellowship, and institutional career development award achievements of dedicated applications (9) are in development]. Janine Austin Clayton researchers and advocates, we also look forward with What does this mean for researchers? You won’t know a new perspective. In 2015, until you look. Simply stating the sex of animals used ORWH is advocating the study in studies is a clear and feasible step; disaggregating of both sexes as a guiding data by sex can facilitate future meta-analyses and drive principle for biomedicine, to new investigations. Whether and how results from aid in designing experiments, animal models–of either sex–generalize to other models generating and testing or to human populations should be thoughtfully and hypotheses, and producing carefully evaluated. data that are essential for turning discovery into health NIH is not alone in this endeavor: It will take a village for everyone. to shift the scientific culture toward the more systematic