Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 1

LAR 388 / ARC 368 R / ARC 388 R Prof. Mirka Beneš Thursday, 2pm-5pm Office hours: TBA Room: Sutton 3.112 Office: School of Architecture University of Texas at Austin

LAR 388: Seminar

Professional Design Practice in Baroque Rome: Landscape, Urbanism, Architecture

Francesco Borromini.

Fall Semester 2010

* Course Unique Numbers

LAR 388 [01810], ARC 388 R [01210], ARC 368 R [00935].

Course Description

This inter-disciplinary seminar on the City of Rome during the Baroque period (c. 1600-1700) focuses this year on the life and works of one architect as a means to explore the urban, landscape, and architectural dimensions of the city. The seminar takes Francesco Borromini, one of seventeenth-century Papal Rome's greatest architects and draughtsmen, as the departure point for exploring professional practices and disciplines at a paradigmatic moment in the history of design, when landscape architecture, urbanism, and architecture were the practices of a single designer, but the turn to specializations was already appearing.

Set against the scenery of Rome, one of Europe's monumental Baroque cities, epitomized by the seventeenth-century Piazza Navona with its fountains and sculptures, the "spine" of the seminar follows the chronological study of Borromini's major works (1630s to 1660s)--among them, San Carlino alle Quattro Fontane and the Oratory of San Filippo Neri for religious communities, and Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza for the Roman University; chapels such as the Cappella dei Re' Magi; designs for the Barberini, Carpegna, and Pamphilj palaces.

These works are also considered synchronically within the broader contexts of Roman Baroque society and its papal monarchy in a period of triumphant Catholic Counter-Reformation, as well as diachronically with a view to ancient, medieval, and Renaissance precedents, from Hadrian's Villa to Gothic architecture to Palladio. Borromini's complex works are at the same time profoundly emotional and rigorously intellectual and serious, and the specificity of their conceptualization is considered in illuminating contrast to the jubilant, dynamic, and dramatic creations of his so-called professional rival in Rome, the sculptor-architect Gian Lorenzo Bernini.

Students are immersed in the richness of design culture in Baroque Rome, a period of exceptional artistic innovation, connected on the one hand to modernity, to new scientific studies of perception, optics and light, machinery, and botany, and on the other hand to antiquity, to remarkable archaeological and antiquarian studies. Recent, exceptional historical research on Roman society provides understanding of the social categories fundamental to Baroque Rome's urban, architectural, and landscape development--rural and urban, public and private, religious and secular spaces; men and women; vernacular and elite lives; patronage and social networks of the designers.

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Seminar meetings and our discussions, including sessions with rare books, prints, and maps in the Harry Ransom Center and one session in the Prints & Drawings Room of the Blanton Art Museum, focus on topics that contextualize Borromini, such as:

--education, training and social status of the designer; --disciplinary boundaries between sculptors, architects, painters and theatrical set-designers--how did Borromini and Bernini each use architecture and sculpture in ornament and expression?; --drawing techniques, types and new media, in relation to Borromini's innovative use of the graphite pencil; --the study of the Antique, from Pirro Ligorio to Borromini to Giovanni Battista Piranesi; --urban design and development, the grand piazzas, and the "Masters of the Street," representatives of the Roman municipal government who negotiated Rome's urban development with the ever-encroaching interests of the papal monarchs (and their families) who ruled Rome; --the new sciences in Galileo Galilei's Rome--uses of the microscope and the telescope; building technologies in relation to vision and surveying instruments; collecting of floral, vegetal, and rare specimens, in relation to architectural and natural ornament; --construction and ornamental materials, from marbles to stuccoes, travertines to bricks. --hydrology, water-works, and design of urban fountains and garden fountains; --building types--churches, palaces, villa buildings and villa gardens; --cultural life and the libraries of architects, artists, and members of Roman society and of the papal bureaucracy; --the publication of designers'--like Borromini's--buildings, gardens, streets and piazzas in books and prints.

Goals of the Seminar

The purpose is to give students a strong inter-disciplinary grounding in one of the key historical periods of design and in advanced research methods, as well as strong intellectual, conceptual, and historical frameworks with which to approach design creatively today, by rehearsing the translation of the synthetic act of design from the past to the present and by understanding how the design profession carves its territory of concerns and interests, from concrete and technological to spiritual and philosophical. This is accomplished by having students become deeply familiar with the life's work of one outstanding architect in history, Francesco Borromini in seventeenth-century Rome, and thereby to encourage reflection on professional design practice and the status of the architect/landscape architect/urban designer today.

Class attendance is mandatory, and forms part of your grade for this course.

It is mandatory, unless exemption has been given in advance by the instructor for excusable absences. Students with two (2) or more unexcused absences are subject to lowering of the final grade for the course. Please contact the instructor by email in advance, if you expect to be absent.

Time Commitment of Students:

Includes class time (lectures and discussions), plus about three-four (3-4) hours (varies) of weekly reading. Additional time for study, reading and preparation for projects. The course assignments are spaced across the semester, and the instructor attempts to accomodate deadlines for the class in view of specific studio deadlines that students may have.

Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 3

Honor Code for the University of Texas:

The core values of The University of Texas at Austin are learning, discovery, freedom, leadership, individual opportunity, and responsibility. Each member of the university is expected to uphold these values through integrity, honesty, trust, fairness, and respect toward peers and communicty.

Honor Code for this Course:

Each student in this course is expected to abide by this Honor Code, and any work submitted by a student will be the student's own work. You are encouraged to study together and to discuss information and concepts covered in this course, but you should never copy from one another or from anyone else, be it from printed and/or published work, or from any digital form or from the internet. Any transgressors on an assignment shall receive a "Fail" Grade for that assignment.

Basis of Final Grade and Assignments:

See at end of this Syllabus for details of Assignments # 1 and # 2. The work in this Seminar is structured so that the first months of the semester have most assignments, while the last month (November) frees you to work on your Final Project.

1. Class Participation: Discussions, questions, and 2-3 page autobiographical essay...... 15 % Essay due Sept. 2, 2010. [Assignment 1 handed out Aug. 26, 2010.]

2. Short Project: Essay, 3-4 pages, on "Borromini and 17th century Roman / Italian Culture"...... 20 % Essay due Sept. 30, 2010. [Assignment 2 handed out Aug. 26, 2010.]

3. Short Project: Essay, 2 pages, "The Use of Drawing and/or of Materials (Stucco, Marble, Brick, etc.) in Borromini's Art" and two small drawings on separate sheets, one carefully copied from a Borromini drawing and one drawn in response to that drawing, or complementing it...... 20 % Essay/drawings due Oct. 28, 2010. [Assignment 3 handed out Oct. 7.]

4. Final Report/Project: Students will select, early on in the semester, a topic for a Final Project, which will be presented to the class in a Progress Report. The 20-minute Progress Report will be in Class on 11/04, or 11/11/10, or 11/18/10. Your Report will be on the state of your research for your Final Project. Your Final Project is a Written Typed Essay of 12+ pages (plus Bibliography and Notes), or Analytic Model, or Analytic Drawingson a topic relevant to the seminar on Borromini and Baroque Rome. In Class, after your Report, you will receive feedback and guidance for the preparation of your Final Project...... 45% Presentations in Class: Nov. 4, 11, or 18, 2010. Final Project due to Instructor in Class: Dec. 2, 2010.

Important Rules:

All assignments not done in class must be typed. Bibliography and/or footnotes must ALWAYS be included.

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All assignments MUST be submitted to the instructor in hard copy. The instructor will not accept assignments sent only by email.

All written/typed assignments/papers must be submitted in TWO (2) COPIES EACH, so that the student can have one copy returned with comments.

Analytic drawings and any models must be accompanied by information/data indicating the course number, the student's name, the name and date of the design, and the scale in feet/inches or meters/ centimeters.

NO late work will be accepted: A "Fail" Grade will be given for late assignments.

Academic Accomodations:

The University of Texas at Austin provides upon request appropriate academic accommodations for qualified students with disabilities. For more information, please contact the Office of the Dean of Students, as soon as possible, at (512) 471-6259 or (512) 471-6441 TTY, also to request an official letter outlining authorized accommodations.

Readings

Required Readings are on Blackboard, at http://courses.utexas.edu, for this Course, accessible per your Section: LAR 388, ARC 388 R, or ARC 368 R. For your research projects and for useful images, most of these Required Readings and many other books have been placed on Reserve for you in the Architecture & Planning Library. Because it may hard to complete all of the Required Readings on time, use the "Priority Rule": at a minimum, read the Reading(s) highlighted in bold for each Seminar meeting. Readings highlighted in bold will be discussed on the date of that Seminar (date at which the Readings are listed).

Textbooks:

Students are strongly encouraged, but not required, to buy the basic paperback textbook for this Seminar, which can be found in new and second-hand copies on www.amazon.com and www.abebooks.com; www.abebooks.com and www.bookfinder.com are highly recommended for finding cheap copies: Blunt, Anthony. Borromini (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979).

Student may also wish to buy other relevant books for background, also in cheap paperbacks: Ackerman, James S. The Architecture of Michelangelo (Harmondsworth, Middlesex, UK: Penguin Books, 1971); later editions, include 2nd ed., University of Chicago Press, 1986. Hopkins, Andrew. Italian Architecture from Michelangelo to Borromini (London: Thames & Hudson, 2002). Wittkower, Rudolf. Art and Architecture in Italy 1600-1750, 3rd. ed., (Baltimore, 1975). Older editions are in one volume paperbacks. Most recent revision (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999), 3 vols., edited by Joseph Connors and Jennifer Montagu. See new Introduction and extensive new bibliography for Rome.

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Schedule of the Seminar Meetings:

*

Part I: Borromini's Works in their Roman Context:

8/26/10 Seminar 1: Introduction. The Rome of Francesco Borromini, the Eternal City. Borromini's Life, Works, and Afterlife. Why Study Borromini and the Baroque? A Tour of Papal Rome in the Seventeenth Century.

9/02/10 Seminar 2: Borromini, 1620-1630s. San Carlino alle Quattro Fontane. From Beginnings to Becoming a Professional Architect, I.

9/09/10 Seminar 3: Borromini, 1630s-1640s. San Carlino alle Quattro Fontane, Palazzo Carpegna, and the Plan of Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza. Becoming a Professional Architect, II.

9/16/10 Seminar 4: The Antique and the Modern as Teachers: Borromini and Books. Antiquarian Studies and the Modern Literature of Professional Practice in Baroque Rome.

Meet 2pm at the Harry Ransom Center, upstairs, 2nd floor, Receptionist's Desk: Study trip to the Rare Book Library.

9/23/10 Seminar 5: Borromini, 1630s-1640s. Building the Casa: the Oratory/Casa of San Filippo Neri and Palace Architecture in Rome.

9/30/10 Seminar 6: Borromini, 1640s-1650s. The Patronage of Pope Innocent X Pamphilj and his Family. Palazzo Pamphilj and Sant'Agnese in Piazza Navona, Villa Pamphilj on the Janiculum Hill.

Part II: Conceptualization of the Work: Categories from Material to Philosophical:

10/07/10 Seminar 7: Drawing in Order to Know and Reveal. Media, Techniques, and the Arts of Representation in the Age of the Baroque. The Printed "Vedute di Roma." The Leo Steinberg Collection of prints at the Blanton Museum of Art.

Meet 2pm at the Blanton Museum of Art, Receptionist's Desk, foyer: Study trip to the Prints and Drawings Room; viewing of the original G.B. Nolli map of Rome, 1748.

10/14/10 Seminar 8: In the Eyes of the Beholder--Materiality, Ephemerality, and Light. Borromini's Works, Perception, and Experience in the Contexts of Roman Baroque Arts.

10/21/10 Seminar 9: Borromini, 1640s-1660s, to the End. Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza, San Giovanni in Laterano, Collegio di Propaganda Fide and Cappella dei Rè Magi, San Carlino's Façade. The Evolution of Borromini's Architectural Language.

10/28/10 Seminar 10: Borromini and "The Great Book of Nature" in Galileo Galilei's Rome: The New Science in the Christian Capital.

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Meet 2pm at the Harry Ransom Center, upstairs, 2nd floor, Receptionist's Desk: Study trip to the Rare Book Library.

Part III: Borromini's Works Studied and Represented: Investigations:

11/04/10 Seminar 11: Student Reports, Discussion, and Short Lecture. Reports on Projects by Borromini or Others, or Urban and Social Contexts in Rome. Review of Maps of Rome--Bufalini, Dupérac, Tempesta, Maggi, Falda, Nolli.

11/11/10 Seminar 12: Student Reports, Discussion, and Short Lecture. Reports on Projects by Borromini or Others, or Urban and Social Contexts in Rome. Discussion of Geometry and Number in Buildings, Individual Experience and the Psychology of the Spectator.

11/18/10 Seminar 13: Student Reports, Discussion, and Short Lecture. Reports on Projects by Borromini or Others, or Urban and Social Contexts in Rome. Discussion of Professional Practice in Baroque Rome: Case Study--The Four Rivers Fountain in Piazza Navona.

11/25/10 Thanksgiving Holiday: NO CLASS.

12/02/10 Seminar 14: Conclusions to the Course. The Afterlife of Borromini. Historiography: Baroque Rome through the Ages. François Mansart in Paris and Borromini in Rome: Kin Souls. Borromini's Ambitions for Publication: His Opus Architectonicum in the Context of Architectural Publication and Self-Representation. Situating Leo Steinberg. Situating Joseph Connors.

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Schedule of the Readings:

*

N.B.: Required Readings are on Blackboard for this Course, accessible per your Section: LAR 388, ARC 388 R, or ARC 368 R. For your research projects and for useful images, most of these Required Readings and many other books have been placed on Reserve for you in the Architecture & Planning Library. Because it is hard to complete all of the Required Readings, use the "Priority Rule": at a minimum, read the Reading(s) highlighted in bold for each Seminar Meeting. Readings highlighted in bold will be discussed on the date of that Seminar (date at which the Readings are listed).

Part I: Borromini's Works in their Roman Context:

8/26/10 Seminar 1: Introduction. The Rome of Francesco Borromini, the Eternal City. Borromini's Life, Works, and Afterlife. Why Study Borromini and the Baroque? A Tour of Papal Rome in the Seventeenth Century. Mapping Rome, the Christian Capital. Several Geographies: Nodes of Power in Rome, Religiosity, Water, Architectural Practice, Scientific Study and Antiquarianism, Roman Families and Dynasties, the Street and Everyday Life, Leisure and Villa Gardens in Baroque Rome.

Required:

These readings: the first introduces you to the vita or life of the architect Borromini, gives you an idea of the genre of biography of the artist from the Renaissance on, and lists Borromini's key works--from a 17th c. Roman perspective; the second introduces you to Rome's geological "ground," essential to understand its architecture; the third, by the superb architectural historian Howard Hibbard, gives you a lovely introduction to the papal Rome ca. 1600; the fourth very briefly introduces you to Roman Baroque urbanism.

Passeri, Giovanni Battista. (17th c.) "Life of Cavaliere Borromini Architect," English transl. (by M. Beneš) of "Vita del Cavaliere Francesco Boromini Architetto," ca. 1673, from Jacob Hess, ed. Die Künstler-biographien von Giovanni Battista Passeri (Vienna-Leipzig, 1934), reprint 1995, 359-366. Heiken, Grant, Renato Funiciello, and Donatella De Rita. The Seven Hills of Rome. A Geological Tour of the Eternal City (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005), Preface, ix-xiii; Ch. 1: A Tourist's Introduction to the Geology of Rome, 1-26. [* later on, when you have time, read Ch. 2: "Center of the Western World. The Capitoline Hill," 27-36.] Hibbard, Howard. Carlo Maderno and Roman architecture, 1580-1630 (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1971), Ch. I: "Rome and the Popes in the Later Cinquecento," 7-21. Krautheimer, Richard. The Rome of Alexander VII, 1655-1667 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985), "Prelude," 3-7.

Recommended Background: Blunt, Anthony. Guide to Baroque Rome (New York, 1982). Hibbard, Howard. Carlo Maderno and Roman Baroque Architecture 1580-1630 (London: Zwemmer, 1970). Hopkins, Andrew. Italian Architecture from Michelangelo to Borromini (London: Thames & Hudson, 2002), esp. Chap. 3: "Scamozzi, Maderno and their contemporaries."

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Millon, Henry A. ed. The Triumph of the Baroque. Architecture in Europe 1600-1750 (Milan: Bompiani, 1999). Panofsky, Erwin. "What is Baroque?," in Italian Baroque Art, ed. Susan M. Dixon (Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 2008), 7-21. Sohm, Philip. "Fighting with Style," in Italian Baroque Art, ed. Susan M. Dixon (Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 2008), 34-51. Wittkower, Rudolf. Art and Architecture in Italy 1600-1750, 3rd. ed., (Baltimore, 1975). Most recent revision (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999), edited by Joseph Connors and Jennifer Montagu. See new Introduction, chapters on Rome, and extensive new bibliography for Rome.

In Class: Introduction to Recommended Maps, Views, and Aerial Photos of Rome: Atlante di Roma [Atlas of Rome: the form of the historic center at 1:000 metric scale] (Venice: Marsilio, 1991). [locate sites of Borromini's buildings; English legends/text] D'Onofrio, Cesare. ed. [Martinelli, Fioravante]. Roma nel Seicento [Rome in the Seventeenth Century] (Florence, 1969). [* this marvelous book gives the text, with illustrations added, of a very important guidebook to Rome by a friend of Borromini's, Fioravante Martinelli, Roma ornata dall'architettura, pittura e scultura, 1658, 1660-1662.] Frutaz, Amato Pietro. Le piante di Roma, 3 vols. (Rome: Istituto di Studi Romani, 1962). [* a hugely important tool for any study of Rome and its buildings.] Nolli, Giovanni Battista. The Nolli Map of Rome 1748, ed. J.H. Aronson (Highmount, NY, 1984). [see the Introduction by Allan Ceen; locate Borromini's buildings on Nolli map] http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/waters/: visit and peruse this website created by Katherine Rinne, University of Virginia. This is a very interesting on-going research project, "Aquae Urbis Romae. The Waters of the City of Rome," 1998-2010-, on the hydrological and hydraulic systems of Rome from Antiquity to the present, in the context of urban topography, urban development, and cartography.

9/02/10 Seminar 2: Borromini, 1620-1630s. San Carlino alle Quattro Fontane. From Beginnings to Becoming a Professional Architect, I. Introducing San Carlino. Professional Training, Intellectual Education, and Learning on the Job: Borromini's Beginnings at the "Cantieri" (Workshops) of St. Peter's Basilica and of Palazzo Barberini. Borromini Learns about Modern Architecture in Rome, especially Michelangelo: Church and Monastery, Palace and Villa, 1500 to 1630. San Carlino, Close Up and in Context.

Required:

These readings give you two accounts by Blunt, a distinguished art historian of traditional but rigorous kind: one, an introduction to the work of the three key architects in Baroque Rome-- Gianlorenzo Bernini, Borromini, and Pietro da Cortona; two, of Borromini's early training. Then, you read a recent and very lively account of Francesco Borromini's life and work by Joseph Connors, an architectural historian and the greatest modern scholar of Borromini--you will encounter Connors' work frequently in this seminar. Finally, you read a site-specific study by an architectural historian, Tod Marder, of urban development in 1585-1600 on the Quirinal Hill, the area where Borromini's San Carlino alle Quattro Fontane was built. To conclude, you read a lively and rich account by a social historian of the structure of Roman elite society in the seventeenth century.

Blunt, Anthony. Roman Baroque (London: Athene Arts, 2001), 7-119. (many excellent 17th c. views and plans, and small, short pages! not a long read). [background reading]

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Blunt, Anthony. Borromini (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979), Ch. 1: "Birth and Early Training," 13-25. Connors, Joseph. "Francesco Borromini: the life, 1599-1667," his orig. English text, published in Italian translation as: Joseph Connors, "Francesco Borromini: la vita 1599-1667," in R. Bösel-C. Frommel, eds. Borromini e l'universo barocco, exh. cat. (Milan: Electa, 1999), 7-21. Marder, Tod. "Sixtus V and the Quirinal," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, 37:4 (December 1978), 283-94. Nussdorfer, Laurie. Civic Politics in the Rome of Urban VII ( Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992), 27-44.

In Class: Introduction to Key Studies; Locating Borromini's Early Works on Maps: Degni, Paola. La "Fabrica" di San Carlino alle Quattro Fontane: Gli Anni del Restauro (Rome: Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato, 2008). Special Issue of Bollettino D'Arte {year 2007]. [* an extraordinary resource on the materials and construction of San Carlo] Frommel, Christoph L. and Elisabeth Sladek, eds. Francesco Borromini: atti del convegno internazionale, Roma, 13-15 gennaio 2000 (Milan: Electa, 2000). Frutaz, Amato Pietro. Le piante di Roma, 3 vols. (Rome: Istituto di Studi Romani, 1962); and individual maps, published in separate portfolios. Kahn-Rossi, Manuela and Marco Franciolli, eds. Il giovane Borromini. Dagli esordi a San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, exhibition catalogue (Milan: Skira, 1999). Thelen, Heinrich. Francesco Borromini. Die Handzeichnungen, Part I: 1620-32, 2 vols. (Graz, 1967). [see the plates in vol. 2, for Borromini's drawing style] Schlimme, Hermann. ed. Practice and Science in Early Modern Italian Building. Towards an Epistemic History of Architecture (Milan: Electa, 2006).

Recommended on St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican: Hibbard, Howard. Carlo Maderno and Roman Baroque Architecture 1580-1630 (London: Zwemmer, 1970). Kinney, Dale. "Spolia," in St. Peter's in the Vatican, ed. William Tronzo (Cambridge-New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 16-47. Lavin, Irving. "Bernini at St. Peter's: Singularis in Singulis, in Omnibus Unicus," in St. Peter's in the Vatican, ed. William Tronzo (Cambridge-New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 111-243. McPhee, Sarah. Bernini and the Bell Towers. Architecture and Politics at the Vatican (New Haven-London: Yale University Press, 2002). Millon, Henry A. "Michelangelo to Marchionni, 1546-1784," in St. Peter's in the Vatican, ed. William Tronzo (Cambridge-New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 93-110. Satzinger, Georg and Sebastian Schütze, eds. Sankt Peter in Rom 1506-2006: Beiträge der internationalen Tagung vom 22.-25. Februar 2006 in Bonn (Munich: Hirmer, 2008). Thoenes, Christof. "Renaissance St. Peter's," in St. Peter's in the Vatican, ed. William Tronzo (Cambridge-New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 64-91. Tronzo, William. ed. St. Peter's in the Vatican (Cambridge-New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005).

Recommended on Architectural Training, Engineering, Materials, Marbles, Instruments, Construction Sites--in Baroque Rome: Bösel, Richard and Christoph L. Frommel, eds. Borromini e l'universo barocco, eds., 2 vols., Milan, 1999. [study colors and materials in plates on pp. 140-189 at back of book] Cappelli, Giovanna. ed. Dal vulcano all'uomo. Caratteristiche e impiego della pietra sperone e del peperino di Marino (Rome: Editore Campisano, 2004). [* many illus. in color] Conforti, Claudia. "Modes and techniques of building on water in 16th-century Rome," in Practice and Science in Early Modern Italian Building. Towards an Epistemic History of Architecture, ed. Hermann Schlimme (Milan: Electa, 2006), 31-42.

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Connors, Joseph. "Ars Tornandi: Baroque Architecture and the Lathe," Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 53 (1990), 217-236 & plates. D'Amelio, Maria Grazia. "Building materials, tools and machinery belonging to the Reverenda Fabbrica di San Pietro, used for building Rome from the late 16th to the late 19th century, in Practice and Science in Early Modern Italian Building. Towards an Epistemic History of Architecture, ed. Hermann Schlimme (Milan, 2006), 125-136. Hambly, Maya. Drawing Instruments, 1580-1980 (London: Philip Wilson, 1988). [read the first two pages of each chapter, to get a sense of the range] Hempel, Eberhard. Francesco Borromini (Vienna, 1924). [study plates 1-11 well] Kahn-Rossi, Manuela and Marco Franciolli, eds. Il giovane Borromini, exhibition catalogue (Milan: Skira, 1999). Marconi, Nicoletta. "Tradition and technological innovation on Roman building sites from the 16th to the 18th century: construction machines, building practice, and the diffusion of technical knowledge," in Practice and Science in Early Modern Italian Building. Towards an Epistemic History of Architecture, ed. Hermann Schlimme (Milan: Electa, 2006), 137- 152. Marconi, Nicoletta. Edificando Roma Barocca. Macchine, apparati, maestranze e cantieri tra XVI e XVIII secolo (Città di Castello: Edimond, 2004). Marder, Tod. Bernini and the Art of Architecture (New York, 1998), read one chapter of your choice--esp. study materials shown in color, e.g. pp. 27-41 (I. The Baldacchino) or pp. 83-101 (IV. Fountains) or pp. 187-209 (VIII. Sant'Andrea al Quirinale). McPhee, Sarah. Bernini and the Bell Towers. Architecture and Politics at the Vatican (New Haven-London: Yale University Press, 2002), Ch. 1: "Paul V, Carlo Maderno, and the Bell Towers of St. Peter's," 5-35; Ch. 2: "Bernini's Bell Tower," 36-81; Ch. 4: "Virgilio Spada, Francesco Borromini, and the Foundations of St. Peter's," 95-120. Montagu, Jennifer. Roman Baroque Sculpture. The Industry of Art (New Haven-London: Yale University Press, 1989), Ch. II: "From the Quarry to the Church," 21-47, or Ch. IV: "The Sculptor as Executant," 77-98. Parsons, William Barclay. Engineers and Engineering in the Renaissance (Baltimore, MD: The Williams & Wilkins Company, 1939). Penny, Nicholas. The materials of sculpture (New Haven-London:Yale University Press, 1993). Rinne, Katherine W. "Between precedent and experiment: restoring the Acqua Vergine in Rome (1560-70)," in The Mindful Hand (2007). Rodolico, Francesco. Le pietre delle città d'Italia, Florence: Le Monnier, 1965). [* also see conference acts on Le pietre..., published Florence: Le Monnier, 1995.] Schlimme, Hermann. ed. Practice and Science in Early Modern Italian Building. Towards an Epistemic History of Architecture (Milan: Electa, 2006). Turner, G. L'E. "Introduction: Some Notes on the Development of Surveying and the Instruments Used," Annals of Science 48 (1991), 313-317. Zanchettin, Vitale. "Le verità della pietra. Michelangelo e la costruzione in travertino di San Pietro," in: Sankt Peter in Rom 1506-2006: Beiträge der internationalen Tagung vom 22.- 25. Februar 2006 in Bonn, eds. Georg Satzinger and Sebastian Schütze (Munich: Hirmer, 2008), 159-174.

9/09/10 Seminar 3: Borromini, 1630s-1640s. San Carlino alle Quattro Fontane, Palazzo Carpegna, and the Plan of Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza. Becoming a Professional Architect, II. Education of the Architect, Material and Intellectual. Studying the Treatises: Alberti to Palladio and Scamozzi. Studying the Antique in situ in Baroque Rome: from Bramante to Michelangelo and Palladio. "Numismatic" and "Paper" Architecture in Baroque Rome. Cassiano Dal Pozzo and Encyclopaedic Knowledge of Antiquity. The Study of Hadrian's Villa from Pirro Ligorio to Borromini. Ancient Marbles and Modern Materials. Antiquarian

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Knowledge as Generative Inspiration: San Carlino as a Modern Antique Building.

Required:

These readings: the minimum reading here includes my Schematic Chronology for Borromini-- focus on the years 1620 to 1645; Blunt gives you the overview for today's Seminar; Hibbard's succinct account giving you background for our class discussion. The two articles by Connors are brilliant and fundamental--try hard to get them read during this week; otherwise, be sure to read them before you complete any Assignments for the course. Finally, the few pages by Turner, a wonderful historian of science, on surveying, are a delight.

Beneš, Mirka. "Francesco Borromini. Schematic Chronology," handout: study dates for buildings by Borromini, relevant to Seminar Meetings. Blunt, Anthony. Borromini (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979), Ch. 1: "San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane," 52-84. Hibbard, Howard. Carlo Maderno and Roman architecture, 1580-1630 (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1971), Ch. II: "Roman Architecture from Gregory XIII to Paul V (1572-1605)," 22-34. Connors, Joseph. "A sacred theorem: San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane," orig. English text of his "Un teorema sacro: San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane," in Il giovane Borromini, exh. cat., eds. M. Kahn-Rossi and M. Franciolli (Milan: Skira, 1999), 459-495. Connors, Joseph. "Alliance and Enmity in Roman Baroque Urbanism," Römisches Jahrbuch der Bibliotheca Hertziana, 25 (1989), only pp. 205-232 out of 205-294 [* also look at case study of Piazza di Trevi and Palazzo Carpegna].

In Class: Introduction to Classic, Older Books on Borromini: Hempel, Eberhard. Francesco Borromini (Vienna, 1924). [study plates 12-21, 123-128: San Carlino; plates 70-78: Sant' Ivo.] Portoghesi, Paolo. Roma Barocca - The history of an architectural culture (Cambridge, Mass., 1970). Portoghesi, Paolo. The Rome of Borromini: Architecture as language (New York-Cambridge, MA, 1968).

Recommended Reading: On Roman Society in the Seventeenth Century: van Kessel, Peter and Elisja Schulte, eds. Rome and Amsterdam. Two Growing Cities in Seventeenth-Century Europe (Amsterdam, 1997).

On San Carlino alle Quattro Fontane, Palazzo Carpegna, Sant'Ivo: Blunt, Anthony. Borromini (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979), Ch. 5: "S. Ivo della Sapienza and S. Maria dei Sette Dolori," 111-128 (S. Ivo) of 111-132. Connors, Joseph. "The cultural moment at the beginning of work on S. Ivo alla Sapienza," in: I Barberini e la cultura europea del Seicento, ed. Lorenza Mochi Onori (Rome: De Luca, 2007), 581-586. Connors, Joseph. "S. Ivo alla Sapienza. The First Three Minutes," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 55:1 (March 1996), 38-57. Degni, Paola. La "Fabrica" di San Carlino alle Quattro Fontane: Gli Anni del Restauro (Rome: Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato, 2008). Special Issue of Bollettino D'Arte [year 2007]. [* an extraordinary resource on the materials and construction of San Carlo] Frommel, Christoph L. and Elisabeth Sladek, eds. Francesco Borromini: atti del convegno internazionale, Roma, 13-15 gennaio 2000 (Milan: Electa, 2000). Gammino, Nicolò Gammino, ed. S. Carlino alle Quattro Fontane: Il restauro della facciata. Note di cantiere (Rome, 1993).

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Cappellato, Gabriele. ed. Borromini sul lago: Mario Botta: la rappresentazione lignea del San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (Milan: Skira, 1999). Portoghesi, Paolo. Storia di San Carlino alle Quattro Fontane (con una appendice sul cantiere e le maestranze di Marisa Tabarrini), (Rome: Newton & Compton, 2001). Salvagnini, Isabella. Palazzo Carpegna, 1577-1934 (Rome: De Luca, 2000). Steinberg, Leo. Borromini's San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane: a study in multiple form and architectural symbolism (New York: Garland, 1977).

On Reading as Architectural Education in Borromini's Day: McPhee, Sarah. "The Architect as Reader," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 58:3 (September 1999), pp. 454-61. McPhee, Sarah. "Bernini's books," Burlington Magazine (July 2000), 442-49. Palladio, Andrea. The four books on architecture, transl. Robert Tavernor-Richard Schofield, Cambridge, MA, 1997. Scamozzi, Vincenzo. L'Idea della Architettura Universale (Venice, 1615), 2 vols., reprint (Ridgewood, NJ: Gregg Press, 1964). [study images] Serlio, Sebastiano. Sebastiano Serlio on architecture, 2 vols., eds. Vaughan Hart and Peter Hicks, New Haven-London, 1996-2001.

On the Profession of Landscape/Architect: Beltramini, Guido and Howard Burns, eds. L'architetto: ruolo, volto, mito (Venice: Marsilio, 2009). Coffin, David R. Gardens and Gardening in Papal Rome (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991), Ch. 12: "The Gardener," 215-226. Contardi, Bruno and Giovanna Curcio, eds. In Urbe Architectus. Modelli, disegni, misure: la professione dell'architetto, Rome 1680-1750 (Rome, 1991), see sections on models and preparatory drawings. [* Arch Library: on Reserve; see for images] Millon, Henry A. "Models in Renaissance Architecture," in The Renaissance from Brunelleschi to Michelangelo. The Representation of Architecture, eds. Henry A. Millon and Vittorio Magnago Lampugnani (Milan, 1994), 19-73. Schlimme, Hermann. ed. Practice and Science in Early Modern Italian Building. Towards an Epistemic History of Architecture (Milan: Electa, 2006). Wallace, William E. "Michelangelo Engineer," in Architettura e tecnologia. Acque, tecniche e cantieri nell'architeettura rinascimentale e barocca, eds. Claudia Conforti and Andrew Hopkins (Rome: Nuova Argos, 2002), 96-107. Wilkinson, Catherine. "The New Professionalism in the Renaissance," in The Architect. Chapters in the History of the Profession, ed. Spiro Kostof (New York-Oxford: Oxford University Press,1977), 124-160.

9/16/10 Seminar 4: The Antique and the Modern as Teachers: Borromini and Books. Antiquarian Studies and the Modern Literature of Professional Practice in Baroque Rome. Learning from Books--the Literature of Professional Practice: Guidebooks to Rome, Architectural Treatises, Engineering Exploits, Hydraulogy, and Construction Manuals. Books and Buildings. The Design Professions and the Study of Antiquity in Rome and Latium during the Renaissance and the Baroque. Architects' Libraries and Collections.

Study trip to the Harry Ransom Center, Rare Book Library.

Required: Blunt, Anthony. Borromini (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979), Ch. 2: "Sources and Theories," 13-25.

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Connors, Joseph. "Virtuoso Architecture in Cassiano's Rome," in Cassiano Dal Pozzo's Paper Museum, vol. II, (Milan: Olivetti, 1992), 23-40. Evelyn, John. The Diary of John Evelyn, ed. William Bray (London: M. Walter Dunne, ca. 1906), Vol. I: 98-101, 108-9, 114-117, 126-27, 132-33.

Recommended on Borromini and Study of Antiquity: Burns, Howard. "Pirro Ligorio's Reconstruction of Ancient Rome: the `Anteiqvae Vrbis Imago' of 1561," in Pirro Ligorio Artist and Antiquarian, ed. R.W. Gaston, Milan, 1988, 19-44 (pp. 44-92 are notes & illus.) Frommel, Christoph L. and Elisabeth Sladek, eds. Francesco Borromini: atti del convegno internazionale, Roma, 13-15 gennaio 2000 (Milan: Electa, 2000). [* selected essays] Raspe, Martin. "Borromini e la cultura antiquaria," ["Borromini and antiquarian culture"] in R. Bösel-C. Frommel, eds. Borromini e l'universo barocco, exh. cat. (Milan, 1999), 83-93. [M. Beneš plans to translate this for us.]

Recommended on Architects and Books/Prints/Vedute: Battaglia, Roberta. "A first collection of the Vedute di Roma," in The serpent and the stylus: essays on G.B. Piranesi, eds. Mario Bevilacqua, Heather Hyde Minor, and Fabio Barry (Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 2006), 93-102. Carpo, Mario. Architecture in the Age of Printing (Cambridge, MA-New York: MIT Press, 2002). English trans. of Italian 1st ed., 1998. Connors, Joseph, and Louise Rice, eds. Specchio di Roma barocca: una guida inedita del XVII secolo [Mirror of Baroque Rome: an unpublished guidebook of the 17th century](Rome: Edizioni dell'Elefante, 1991), read the Introduction: "Avery guidebook: notes on the manuscript, date, and authorship," English original text . [* Illustrated superbly with the drawings of Lieven Cruyl from the mid-1660s; many are views of Borromini's buildings. The 1991 book has the French original text of ca. 1675, with Italian translation, of a Frenchman's manuscript guidebook to Rome in the Avery Architectural Library, Columbia University. Connors and Rice have given an excellent introduction to this genre of literature, the format of this particular guide, and to key topics--many are relevant to Borromini, whose works are described.] Consagra, Francesca. "De Rossi and Falda: A Successful Collaboration in the Print Industry of Seventeenth-Century Rome," in The Craft of Art. Originality and Industry in the Italian Renaissance and Baroque Workshop, eds. Andrew Ladis and Carolyn Wood (Athens, GA, and London, 1995), 186-203. The Mark J. Millard Architectural Collection, Vol. IV: Italian Books and Spanish books. Fifteenth through Nineteenth Centuries. Texts by Claire Baines et al. (Washington, D.C.- New York, 2000), see selected entries by architect or author, esp. the essay and entries by Martha Pollak. McPhee, Sarah. "The Architect as Reader," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 58:3 (September 1999), pp. 454-61. McPhee, Sarah. "Bernini's books," Burlington Magazine (July 2000), 442-49. Montreal, Canadian Center for Architecture. Architecture and its Image, eds. Eve Blau and Edward Kaufman, exh. cat., Montreal, 1989. Scamozzi, Vincenzo. L'Idea della Architettura Universale (Venice, 1615), 2 vols., reprint (Ridgewood, NJ: Gregg Press, 1964). [study images] Schudt, Ludwig. Le Guide di Roma (Vienna-Augsburg, 1930). [chronological, annotated compendium of printed guidebooks to Rome c. 1500-1840] Tellini Santoro, Barbara and Alberto Manodori, eds. Libri e Cultura nella Roma di Borromini, exh.cat., Rome, Biblioteca Vallicelliana, 19 gennaio-31 marzo 2000 (Rome, 2000). Vignola, Giacomo Barozzi da. Regola delli cinque ordini d'architettura (Rome, 1562). [* see 17th c. editions, listed in Schlosser ed. 1964.] Vignola, Giacomo Barozzi da. Due regole della prospettiva practica, ed. Egnazio Danti (Rome, 1583).

Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 14

Wilson, Paul A. "The Image of Chigi Rome: G.B. Falda's Il nuovo teatro," Architectura 26:1 (1996), 33-36. Woodward, David. Maps as prints in the Italian Renaissance: makers, distributors and consumers (London: British Library, 1996).

9/23/10 Seminar 5: Borromini, 1630s-1640s. Building the Casa: the Oratory/Casa of San Filippo Neri and Palace Architecture in Rome. Introducing the Roman Oratory, the Casa di San Filippo, and the Vallicella Library. Introducing Palazzo Falconieri and the Dynastic Family in Rome, Secular and Ecclesiastical. The Religious Orders and the Counter-Reformation. "Faces" of Buildings and how to "Dress" Them. Designing Interiors: Gradations of Public to Private Life. Planning Distribution and Required Functions of Buildings and Gardens, and How to Satisfy Them in Design. The "Iconography" of Architecture--Exterior and Interior.

Required: Blunt, Anthony. Borromini (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979), Ch. 3: "The Oratory of S. Filippo Neri and the Filomarino Altar," 85-110. Connors, Joseph. Borromini and the Roman Oratory. Style and Society (New York: Architectural History Foundation-MIT Press, 1980), Introduction, 1-4; Ch. 3: "Borromini's Oratory and Facade," 23-39; Ch. 5: "Finance, Function, Imagery," 59- 79; Ch. 6: "The Urban Context of the Casa," 81-93; Ch. 7: "Conclusion," 95-100. Connors, Joseph. Borromini and the Roman Oratory (1980), Appendix I: Outline of Dates [for the Oratory], 101-104, and selected illustrations; "Catalogue of Drawings" (selections), 211- 223, 261-269. Connors, Joseph. "Virgilio Spada's defence of Borromini," Burlington Magazine 131 (1989).

Recommended: Borromini, Francesco and Virgilio Spada of the Oratory. Borromini's Book. The "Full Relation of the Building" of the Roman Oratory. Translated with a Commentary by Kerry Downes (Wetherby, UK: Oblong Creative Ltd., 2009). Connors, Joseph. "Alliance and Enmity in Roman Baroque Urbanism," Römisches Jahrbuch der Bibliotheca Hertziana, 25 (1989), read only pp. 205-232. [* re-read, in relation to studying the Oratory] Connors, Joseph. Borromini and the Roman Oratory. Style and Society (New York, 1980) [* read remainder of chapters] D'Onofrio, Cesare. ed. [Martinelli, Fioravante]. Roma nel Seicento [Rome in the Seventeenth Century] (Florence, 1969). [* this marvelous book gives the text, with illustrations added, of a very important guidebook to Rome by a friend of Borromini's, Fioravante Martinelli, Roma ornata dall'architettura, pittura e scultura, 1658, 1660-1662.] Finocchiaro, Giuseppe. Il Museo di curiosità di Virgilio Spada. Una raccolta romana del Seicento (Rome, 1999), see pp. 15-38: Chap. I, "Virgilio Spada Dilettante e Curioso." Frommel, Christoph L. and Elisabeth Sladek, eds. Francesco Borromini: atti del convegno internazionale, Roma, 13-15 gennaio 2000 (Milan: Electa, 2000). Hajnóczi and Lázló Csorba, eds. Il Palazzo Falconieri e il palazzo barocco a Roma (Soveria Mannelli: Rubbettino, 2009). Hempel, Eberhard. Francesco Borromini (Vienna, 1924). [study plates 25-49 well: Palazzo Falconieri, the Oratory; plates 53-69.] Howard, Elizabeth G. The Falconieri palace in Rome: the role of Borromini in its reconstruction (1646-1649) (New York: Garland, 1981).

Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 15

Thelen, Heinrich. "Francesco Borromini," in E. Berckenhagen, ed. Fünf Architekten aus fünf Jahrhunderten, exh.cat., (Berlin, 1976), pp. 27-62, for Palazzo Falconieri and Falconieri Chapel in S. Giovanni dei Fiorentini.

9/30/10 Seminar 6: Borromini, 1640s-1650s. The Patronage of Pope Innocent X Pamphilj and his Family. Palazzo Pamphilj and Sant'Agnese in Piazza Navona. Palace and Villa: Palazzo Pamphilj in Navona and Villa Pamphilj on the Janiculum Hill. The Contexts: Roman Families, Palace Planning, and Villa and Garden Design. Imagery and Social Distinction of the Family in the Roman Urban Context. Borromini Urbanist: the Street, the Façade, the Piazza--from the Oratory and San Carlino to the Palaces. The "Maestri di Strada": Urban Interventions and the Masters of the Street. Perception and Reception of Architecture and Urban Space in Baroque Rome.

Required: Blunt, Anthony. Borromini (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979), Ch. 1: "Domestic Architecture," 161-182. Connors, Joseph. "Borromini and Roman Urbanism," AA Files (Annals of the AA School of Architecture, London), I:2 (July 1982), 10-21. Leone, Stephanie C. The Palazzo Pamphilj in Piazza Navona: Constructing Identity in Early Modern Rome (Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2008), Ch. 6: "Expansion: The Papal Family Palace," read only pp. 153-212.

Recommended: Elling, Christian. Rome. The Biography of its Architecture from Bernini to Thorvaldsen (Tübingen: Wasmuth, 1975), "The Palaces," 251-273 (out of pp. 251-313). [1st ed. in Danish, Copenhagen: Gyldendal, 1950, 2nd ed., 1967; English transl., 1975.] Frommel, Christoph L. and Elisabeth Sladek, eds. Francesco Borromini: atti del convegno internazionale, Roma, 13-15 gennaio 2000 (Milan: Electa, 2000). Habel, Dorothy Metzger. "Architects and Clods:The Emergence of Urban Planning in the Context of Palace Architecture in Seventeenth-Century Rome," in: Italian Baroque Art, ed. Susan M. Dixon (Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 2008), 120-132. Hajnóczi and Lázló Csorba, eds. Il Palazzo Falconieri e il palazzo barocco a Roma (Soveria Mannelli: Rubbettino, 2009). Salvagnini, Isabella. Palazzo Carpegna, 1577-1934 (Rome: De Luca, 2000). Sladek, Elisabeth. "L'architettura dei palazzi di Borromini," [The architecture of Borromini's palaces] in Francesco Borromini: atti del Convegno, eds. C.L. Frommel and E. Sladek (Milan, 2000), 86-97. Tabarrini, Marisa. Borromini e gli Spada. Un palazzo e la committenza di una grande famiglia nella Roma barocca (Rome: Gangemi, 2008). Waddy, Patricia. Seventeenth-Century Roman Palaces: Use and the Art of the Plan (New York: The Architectural History Foundation-MIT Press, 1990). Walker, Stefanie and Frederick Hammond, eds. Life and the arts in the baroque palaces of Rome: ambiente barocco (New Haven-London, 1999).

Recommended on Roman Baroque Urbanism: Habel, Dorothy Metzger. The urban development of Rome in the age of Alexander VII (Cambridge-New York, 2002). Krautheimer, Richard. The Rome of Alexander VII, 1655-1667 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985). [* Both Krautheimer 1985 and Habel 2002 have Bernini as their hero. But see for contexts of Borromini's work.]

Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 16

Nolli, Giovanni Battista. The Nolli Map of Rome 1748, ed. J.H. Aronson (Highmount, NY, 1984). [* We will see the original Nolli 1748 map at the Blanton Museum on 10/07.]

Part II: Conceptualization of the Work: Categories from Material to Philosophical:

10/07/10 Seminar 7: Drawing in Order to Know and Reveal. Media, Techniques, and the Arts of Representation in the Age of the Baroque. The Roles and Techniques of Drawing. Drawing and Conceptualization from Pencil, Ink, and Sketch to Presentation. Geometry, Vision, and Space. The Figurative and the Architectural: Sculpture and Architectural Ornament. Printmaking and the Printed View in Baroque Rome--the "Vedute di Roma": Israël Silvestre, G.B. Falda, G.B. Piranesi. The Leo Steinberg Collections of Prints.

Study trip to Prints and Drawings Room, Blanton Museum of Art; viewing of the original G.B. Nolli map of Rome, 1748.

Required:

The two articles by Connors give you, first, a three-page, but dense and methodologically rich book review of Leo Steinberg, a tool for us -- a means to structure some of the ways in which to understand Borromini's drawings -- and, second, a brilliant and close analysis of how the architect works--the first conceptualizations, the first drawings; Zanchettin's article represents new research on Borromini's use of drawing and a helper.

Connors, Joseph. Review of: Leo Steinberg, Borromini's San Carlo Alle Quattro Fontane. A Study in Multiple Form and Architectural Symbolism (New York-London: Garland, 1977), in: Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 38:3 (October 1979), 283- 285. Connors, Joseph. "S. Ivo alla Sapienza. The First Three Minutes," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 55:1 (March 1996), 38-57. Zanchettin, Vitale. "Building accounts as architectural drawings. Borromini's construction practice and the role of Francesco Righi," in Practice and Science in Early Modern Italian Building. Towards an Epistemic History of Architecture, ed. Hermann Schlimme (Milan: Electa, 2006), 113-124.

Recommended: Bevilacqua, Mario. Roma nel Secolo dei Lumi. Architettura, erudizione, scienza nella Pianta di G.B. Nolli `celebre geometra' (Naples, 1998). Burns, Howard. "The Lion's Claw. Palladio's Initial Project Sketches," Daidalos [Issue: "The First Sketch], no. 5 (15 Sept. 1982), pp. 73-80. Connors, Joseph. "Francesco Borromini (1599-1667): Die Revolution des Graphits," ("The Graphite Revolution") in Elisabeth Kieven, Von Bernini bis Piranesi. Römische Architekturzeichnungen des Barock, exh.cat. (Stuttgart, 1993), 33-38. Connors, Joseph. "Falda vs. Cruyl," in: Joseph Connors and Barbara Jatta, Vedute romane di Lievin Cruyl: Paesaggio urbano sotto Alessandro VII, exh.cat., (Rome: American Academy, 1989). Hambly, Maya. Drawing Instruments, 1580-1980 (London: Philip Wilson, 1988). Lavin, Irving. ed. Drawings by Gianlorenzo Bernini, exhibition catalogue (Princeton, NJ: Art Museum, Princeton University, 1981), 108-119 (Four Rivers Fountain), pp. 194-207 (S. Andrea al Quirinale).

Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 17

Montreal, Canadian Center for Architecture. Architecture and its Image, eds. Eve Blau and Edward Kaufman, exh. cat., Montreal, 1989. The Origins of the Italian Veduta (an exhibition by the Department of Art, Brown University) (Providence, RI, 1978). Thelen, Heinrich. "Sui disegni di Borromini," ["On the Drawings of Borromini"] in R. Bösel-C. Frommel, eds. Borromini e l'universo barocco, exh. cat. (Milan, 1999), pp. 65-73. Thelen, Heinrich. Francesco Borromini. Die Handzeichnungen, Part I: 1620-32, 2 vols, Graz, 1967. [see the plates in vol. 2, for Borromini's drawing style]

10/14/10 Seminar 8: In the Eyes of the Beholder--Materiality, Ephemerality, and Light. Borromini's Works, Perception and Experience in the Contexts of Roman Baroque Arts. Architecture, Sculpture, and Painting: Baroque Hybridity and Illusionism. Materials: Marbles, Turning Wood, Ivory, Jewels, the Lathe. Forming in Stucco. Carving in Marble and Travertine. Vision and Experience. Light and Shadow, Light and Color in Roman Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Caravaggio, Claude Lorrain, Nicolas Poussin, Bernini. Meanings, Secular and Religious.

Required: Barry, Fabio. "Lux and lumen: the symbolism of real and represented light in the Baroque dome," in Lichtgefüge des 17. Jahrhunderts, ed. Annelie Lütgens (Marburg: Jonas, 2002), 22-37. Connors, Joseph. "Ars Tornandi: Baroque Architecture and the Lathe," Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 53 (1990), 217-236 & plates. Republished, in part, in Italian Baroque Art, ed. Susan M. Dixon (Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 2008). Lavin, Irving. "Bernini's Conception of the Visual Arts: `Un Bel Composto'," in: Italian Baroque Art, ed. Susan M. Dixon (Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 2008), 51-57.

Recommended: Barry, Fabio. "I marmi loquaci: Maleri in Stein," Daidalos 56 91995),106-121. [* text in English and German] Borghini, Gabriele. ed. Marmi antichi (Rome: Ministero per i Beni Culturali e Ambientali, 1992). [* superb color plates] De Nuccio, Marilda and Lucrezia Ungaro, eds. I marmi colorati della Roma imperiale (Venice: Marsilio, 2002). Dubarry de Lassale, Jacques. Identifying Marble (Paris: Vial, 2000). Gnoli, Raniero. Marmora Romana (Rome, 1971). Kaufmann, Thomas DaCosta. "The Perspective of Shadows: The History of Theory of Shadow Projection," Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes. La materia e il colore nell'architettura romana tra Cinquecento e Neocinquecento. Storia e progetto. Nos. 41-42 of Ricerche di Storia dell'arte (Rome, 1991). Montagu, Jennifer. Gold, Silver, and Bronze: Metal Sculpture of the Roman Baroque (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996). Ostrow, Steven. "Marble Revetment in Late Sixteenth-Century Roman Chapels," in IL 60: Essays Honoring Irving Lavin on his Sixtieth Birthday, ed. Marilyn A. Lavin (New York, 1990), 253-276. Pinto, John. "Andrea Pozzo's Prospettiva de Pittori e Architetti: Architecture as a System of Representations," in Anderson, Christy. ed. The Built Surface: Vol. 1 Architecture and the Visual Arts from Antiquity to the Enlightenment (Aldershot, UK-Brookfield, VT: Ashgate, 2002). Montagu, Jennifer. Roman Baroque Sculpture. The Industry of Art (New Haven-London: Yale University Press, 1989), Ch. II: "From the Quarry to the Church," 21-47, or Ch. IV: "The Sculptor as Executant," 77-98.

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Pomian, Krzysztof. "Vision and Cognition," in Picturing Science, Producing Art, eds. Caroline A. Jones and Peter Galison (New York and London: Routledge, 1998), 211-231. Sinisgalli, Rocco. A History of the Perspective Scene from the Renaissance to the Baroque: Borromini in Four Dimensions (Florence: Cadmo, 2000). English version of the 1998 ed. [series: perspicere. Collana di studi e ricerche sulla Prospettiva, 1bis] Wheelock, Arthur K., Jr., "Trompe-l'oeil Painting: Visual Deceptions or Natural Truths?", in The Age of the Marvelous, exh.cat., ed. Joy Kenseth (Hanover, NH: Dartmouth College, 1991), 179-191.

10/21/10 Seminar 9: Borromini, 1640s-1660s, to the End. Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza and San Giovanni in Laterano, Collegio di Propaganda Fide and Cappella dei Rè Magi, the Façade of San Carlino. The Evolution of Borromini's Architectural Language. Comparisons across his Career. Comparisons with Guarino Guarini, San Lorenzo, and the SS. Sindone in Turin.

Required: Beldon Scott, John. "S. Ivo alla Sapienza and Borromini's Symbolic Language," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 41 (1982), 294-317. Blunt, Anthony. Borromini (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979), Ch. 6: "S. Giovanni in Laterano and S. Agnese in Piazza Navona," 133-160; Ch. 8: "The Last Phase," 182-209. Connors, Joseph, and Roca de Amicis, Augusto. "A new plan by Borromini for the Lateran basilica," Burlington Magazine 146 (August 2004), 526-533. Connors, Joseph. "Borromini's S. Ivo alla Sapienza: the spiral," Burlington Magazine 138 (1996), 668-82.

Recommended: Connors, Joseph. "Holy Redundancy and Echo in the Lateran Basilica in Rome," in Dialogues in Art History, from Mesopotamian to Modern: Readings for a New Century, ed. Elizabeth Cropper (Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art and New Haven-London: Yale University Press, 2009), 221-235. Connors, Joseph. "Comment interpréter un édifice?: le cas de Saint-Yves-de-la-Sapience," in Méthodes en hisotire de l'architecture, ed. Sabine Frommel (Paris: Monum, 2002), 97- 108. Les cahiers de la recherche architecturale et urbaine; 9-10. Connors, Joseph. "S. Ivo alla Sapienza. The First Three Minutes," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 55:1 (March 1996), 38-57. Connors, Joseph. "Borromini in Oppenord's Sketchbooks," in Ars naturam adiuvans. Festschrift für Matthias Winner (Mainz am Rhein, 1996), pp. 598-612. Frommel, Christoph L. and Elisabeth Sladek, eds. Francesco Borromini: atti del convegno internazionale, Roma, 13-15 gennaio 2000 (Milan: Electa, 2000). Hempel, Eberhard. Francesco Borromini (Vienna, 1924). [study plates 25-49 well: Palazzo Falconieri, the Oratory; plates 53-69: San Giovanni in Laterano; plates 70-78: Sant' Ivo; plates 96-112: Collegio di Propaganda Fide, Sant'Andrea delle Fratte] Herklotz, Ingo. Gli eredi di Costantino: Il papato, il Laterano e la propaganda visiva nel XII secolo (Rome, 2000). Kieven, Elisabeth. Von Bernini bis Piranesi. Römische Architekturzeichnungen des Barock, (exh.cat.), (Stuttgart: Graphische Sammlung Staatsgalerie, 1993), pp. 67-75. Key drawings relating to the S. Ivo project. Portoghesi, Paolo. Borromini: Architettura come linguaggio (Rome and Milan, 1967); 2nd ed., 1984; English trans. as The Rome of Borromini: Architecture as language (New York and Cambridge, Mass., 1968). Raspe, Martin. Das Architektursystem Borrominis (Munich, 1994). [translate sections]

Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 19

Smyth-Pinney, Julia M. "Borromini's plans for Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 59:3 (September 2000), pp. 313-337. Smyth-Pinney, Julia M. "Borromini's S. Ivo: perception and plans," Arris: journal of the Southeast Chapter of the Society of Architectural Historians 5 (1994), pp. 38-55.

10/28/10 Seminar 10: Borromini and "The Great Book of Nature" in Galileo Galilei's Rome: The New Science in the Christian Capital. Religion and Science, Antiquity and Modernity: Two Sides of a Coin. Galileo and the Academy of the Lynxes. Curiosity Cabinets, Architects' Collections, Cassiano Dal Pozzo (1588- 1657) and his Paper Museum, from Antiquity to Science. Technical and Scientific Education of the Architect. Optics, Vision, and the Natural World-- Stone, Floral, and Vegetal. Gardens in Rome, Study of Plants, & Rare Plant/Flower Collections.

Study trip to Harry Ransom Center, Rare Book Library.

Required: Camerota, Filippo. "'The eye of the Sun': Galileo and Pietro Accolti on orthographic projection," in Perspective, Projections & Design. Technologies of Architectural Representation, eds. Mario Carpo and Frédérique Lemerle (London-New York: Routledge, 2008), 115-125. Findlen, Paula. "Scientific spectacle in Baroque Rome: Athanasius Kircher and the Roman College Museum," Roma moderna e contemporanea III:3 (Sept.-Dec. 1995), 625- 665.

Recommended: Bedini, Silvio A. Science and Instruments in Seventeenth-Century Italy (Variorum Reprints, 1994). Findlen, Paula. Possessing Nature. Museums, Collecting, and Scientific Culture in Early Modern Italy (Berkeley-Los Angeles, 1994). Freedberg, David. The eye of the Lynx: Galileo, his friends, and the beginnings of modern natural history (Chicago, 2002). Kiely, Edmond R. Surveying Instruments. Their History and Classroom Use, New York, 1947, Ch. IV: "Advancements in Europe during the Renaissance," 101-238. Schlimme, Hermann. ed. Practice and Science in Early Modern Italian Building. Towards an Epistemic History of Architecture (Milan: Electa, 2006). Tellini Santoni, Barbara, and Alberto Manodori Sagredo. eds. Luoghi della cultura nella Roma di Borromini (Rome: Retablo, 2004). Exhibition catalogue, Biblioteca Vallicelliana, Rome. See esp. the sections: "Le biblioteche a Roma nel Seicento," "Il Barocco in Sapienza," "L'Epoca di Francesco Borromini e la scienza del cielo." Turner, G. L'E. and D.J. Dryden. A Classified Bibliography on the History of Scientific Instruments (Scientific Instrument Commission). 119pp., with: Simcock, A.V. A Supplement to A Classified Bibliography on the History of Scientific Instruments (1998). 38pp. [both together at: www.antiq.sci.com, [email protected]] Turner, Anthony. Early Scientific Instruments. Europe 1400-1800 (London, 1987), 57-101. www.mhs.ox.ac.uk/epact -- visit this Scientific Instruments website + database sited at Oxford, London, Florence, Leiden. "Epact: Scientific Instruments of Medieval and Renaissance Europe," with Handlist of instruments, Glossary of terms, Bibliography, links to Museums of History of Science.

Part III: Borromini's Works Studied and Represented: Investigations:

Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 20

11/04/10 Seminar 11: Student Reports, Discussion, and Short Lecture. Reports on Projects by Borromini or Others, or Urban and Social Contexts. Review of the Maps of Rome--Bufalini, Dupérac, Tempesta; Maggi, Falda, Nolli.

Required: TBA.

Recommeded: TBA.

In Class: Review Key Reproductions of Maps of Rome: Arrigoni, Paolo and Achille Bertarelli. Piante e vedute di Roma e del Lazio (Milan, 1939). Ehrle, Francesco. ed. Roma prima di Sisto V. La Pianta di Roma du Pérac-Lafréry del 1577 (Rome, 1908). Ehrle, Francesco. ed. Roma al tempo di Clemente VIII. La Pianta di Roma di Antonio Tempesta del 1593 (Rome, 1932). Ehrle, Francesco. ed. Roma al tempo di Urbano VIII. La pianta di Roma Maggi-Maupin-Losi del 1625 (Rome, 1915). Ehrle, Francesco, ed. Roma al tempo di Clemente X. La pianta di Roma di Giambattista Falda del 1676 (Rome, 1931). Ehrle, Francesco, ed. Roma al tempo di Benedetto XIV. La pianta di Roma di Giambattista Nolli del 1748 (Rome 1932). Frutaz, A.P. Le piante di Roma, 3 vols., (Rome: Istituto di Studi Romani, 1962). Frutaz, A.P. Le piante del Lazio, 3 vols., (Rome: Istituto di Studi Romani, 1972). The Nolli Map of Rome 1748, ed. J.H. Aaronson (Highmount, New York, 1984). (Introduction by Allan Ceen)

11/11/10 Seminar 12: Student Reports, Discussion, and Short Lecture. Reports on Projects by Borromini or Others, or Urban and Social Contexts. Discussion of Geometry and Number in Buildings, Individual Experience and the Psychology of the Spectator, Baroque Origins of Modernity.

Required: TBA.

Recommeded: Kaufmann, Thomas DaCosta. Court, Cloister and City. The Art and Culture of Central Europe 1450-1800 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995). Scott, John Beldon. Architecture for the Shroud. Relic and Ritual in Turin (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003), Ch. 5: "Faith in Geometry," 119-159. [* on the architect Guarino Guarini]

11/18/10 Seminar 13: Student Reports, Discussion, and Short Lecture. Reports on Projects by Borromini or Others, or Urban and Social Contexts. Discussion of Professional Practice in Baroque Rome: The Many Roles of the Architect--Surveyor, Water Engineer, Landscape Architect, Builder, Set Designer,... Sculptor, Painter. Case Study: The Four Rivers Fountain in Piazza Navona. Borromini, Bernini, Pietro da Cortona--Polymaths.

Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 21

Required: Kieven, Elizabeth "`Mostrar l'inventione'--The Role of Roman Architects in the Baroque Period," in The triumph of the Baroque: architecture in Europe, 1600-1750 ed. Henry A. Millon (New York, 1999), 173-205. Lavin, Irving. ed. Drawings by Gianlorenzo Bernini, exhibition catalogue (Princeton, NJ: Art Museum, Princeton University, 1981), 108-119 (Four Rivers Fountain). Marconi, Nicoletta. "Tradition and technological innovation on Roman building sites from the 16th to the 18th century: construction machines, building practice, and the diffusion of technical knowledge," in Practice and Science in Early Modern Italian Building. Towards an Epistemic History of Architecture, ed. Hermann Schlimme (Milan: Electa, 2006), 137- 152.

Recommended: Mignot, Claude. "La figure de l'architecte en France à l'époque moderne (1540-1787)," in L'architetto: ruolo, volto, mito eds. Guido Beltramini and Howard Burns (Venice: Marsilio, 2009), 177-191. Ottenheym, Konrad. "The rise of a new profession: the architect in 17th century Holland," in L'architetto: ruolo, volto, mito eds. Guido Beltramini and Howard Burns (Venice: Marsilio, 2009), 199-221. Rinne, Katherine W. "Hydraulic Infrastructure and Urbanism in Early Modern Rome," Papers of the British School at Rome 73 (2005), 191-222. [* with rich bibliography] Thelen, Heinrich. "Borromini scultore?," Storia dell'arte, N.S. 10, vol. 110 (2005), 113-120.

11/25/10 Thanksgiving Holiday: NO CLASS.

12/02/10 Seminar 14: Conclusions to the Course. The Afterlife of Borromini. Historiography: Baroque Rome through the Ages. François Mansart in Paris and Borromini in Rome: Kin Souls. Borromini's Ambitions for Publication: His Opus Architectonicum in the Context of Architectural Publication and Self-Representation. Books and Buildings, Patrons and Critics. Professional Practice in Print and the Reading Public. Words and Images to Describe Buildings and Gardens: Perception and Reception. The Leo Steinberg Collection of Prints at the Blanton Museum of Art. Situating Leo Steinberg. Situating Joseph Connors.

Required: Blunt, Anthony. Borromini (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979), Ch. 9: "Influence and Reputation," 211-222. Connors, Joseph. "Francesco Borromini: the life, 1599-1667," his orig. English text, published in Italian translation as: Joseph Connors, "Francesco Borromini: la vita 1599-1667," in R. Bösel-C. Frommel, eds. Borromini e l'universo barocco, exh. cat. (Milan: Electa, 1999), 7-21. [* reread article, for Discussion] Connors, Joseph. "Introduction," Francesco Borromini. Opus Architectonicum, ed. Joseph Connors (Milan, 1998), xi-lxxxviii. [excellent bibliography] Raspe, Martin. "The final problem: Borromini's failed publication project and his suicide," Annali di architettura no. 13 (2001), 121-136. Wittkower, Rudolf. "Francesco Borromini, His Character and Life," in R. Wittkower, Studies in the Italian Baroque (London, 1975), 53-102. (orig. in Italian, 1967).

Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 22

Recommended: "Francesco Borromini," in The Mark J. Millard Architectural Collection, Vol. IV: Italian Books and Spanish books. Fifteenth through Nineteenth Centuries (Texts by Claire Baines etc) (Washington, D.C.-New York, 2000). Baldinucci, Filippo. The Life of Bernini. Transl. from the Italian by Catherine Enggass. Introduction by Maarten Delbeke, Evonne Levy, and Steven F. Ostrow (University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2006). Connors, Joseph, and Louise Rice, eds. Specchio di Roma barocca: una guida inedita del XVII secolo [Mirror of Baroque Rome: an unpublished guidebook of the 17th century](Rome: Edizioni dell'Elefante, 1991), read the Introduction: "Avery guidebook: notes on the manuscript, date, and authorship," English original text. Kaufmann, Thomas DaCosta. Court, Cloister and City. The Art and Culture of Central Europe 1450-1800 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995), esp. Chs. 14, 15. Delbeke, Maarten, Evonne Levy, and Steven F. Ostrow. eds. Bernini's Biographies. Critical Essays (University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2006). Hager, Hellmut. "Le opere letterarie di Carlo Fontana come autorappresentazione," in In Urbe Architectus. Modelli, disegni, misure. La professione dell'architetto, Roma 1680-1750, eds. Bruno Contardi and Giovanna Curcio, exh.cat. (Rome, 1991), 155-203. Hager, Hellmut. "Osservazioni su Carlo Fontana e sulla sua opera del Tempio Vaticano (1694)," in Centri e periferie del barocco. Il Barocco romano e l'Europa (Rome, 1992), 85-130. Wittkower, Rudolf and Margot. Born under Saturn. The character and conduct of artists: a documented history from Antiquity to the French Revolution (New York, 1963), esp. in Chapter VI: Suicides of Artists, pp. 140-42 for Francesco Borromini.

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Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 23

Assignment # 1:

"Your Intellectual Autobiography in Relation to

Your Study of Art and/or Architecture, or the Study of a single Designer or Artist."

Handed out: handed out in class 8/26/10 (Thursday). Due: due in class in one week 9/02/10 (Thursday).

Guidelines:

The first assignment is a short, typed intellectual "Autobiography" of yourself, with the specific focus on how you have studied the history of art/architecture/landscape or contemporary art/architecture/landscape, with a focus on a single designer or artist (or, if not a person, then a theme regarding human intention, artifact, or culture in art or architecture). It is to be handed in to the instructor in class on Sept. 2, 2010.

The assignment is a short methodological paper, and it prepares you for awareness of the biographical or autobiographical in studying the architect Francesco Borromini, his works, and professional design practice in Baroque Rome.

Write a brief essay of two to three (2-3) pages, typed, (single- or double-spaced), describing how you came to the field of art or architectural. Use the format of your intellectual autobiography, that is, begin by a one-page discussion of how your interests and your course of study and career have developed over time, and how you turned to the study of art/architecture.

Include at least two substantial paragraphs on your research methods for a particular project you have done in art/architectural/landscape history or in contemporary art or making art or architecture itself, i.e. how you have approached organized your research on a particular project? How would you characterize the methods you used? If you have ever done research on historical and theoretical subjects in the Humanities, describe those.

The purpose of this short essay is to foster self-awareness of the need to take a position--an approach -- to research and of how you go about it. The ultimate purpose is to begin learning to develop frameworks for your future work as designers, scholars, and teachers. Begin by giving us your intellectual autobiography up to now, when you are an undergraduate or in graduate school as an MLA, MArch., M.CRP student, or Ph.D. student, etc., and then proceed to describe how you worked sytematically on a research project on a single designer.

The last two-thirds (p. 2 and p. 3) of your essay should address your approach to the history of art/architecture/landscape or contemporary art/architecture, with a focus on a single designer or artist (or, if not a person, then a theme regarding human intention, artifact, or culture in art or architecture). How did you approach the biographical aspect of the designer you studied? I am interested in getting to know you intellectually through this essay, and am encouraging you to be aware of your frameworks for addressing a topic and its research.

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Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 24

Assignment # 2:

"Borromini and 17th Century Roman/Italian Culture:

How is his Architecture Studied Today? Intellectual Frameworks."

Handed out: handed out in class 8/26/10 (Thu). Due: due in class in four weeks 9/30/10 (Thu).

Guidelines:

The second assignment is a short, typed essay, to be handed in to the instructor in class on Sept. 30, 2010. Please provide 2 (two) copies, so that I can retain one for my records, and return one to you, graded and commented.

Like the first assignment, this is a methodological paper:

Write a brief essay of three-four (3-4) pages, typed, (single- or double-spaced), on any book or major (significant) article related to Borromini, from those in your Required or Recommended Readings, or in your "Research Bibliography for Francesco Borromini and Baroque Rome," using books on Reserve in the Architecture Library or others in the UT Libraries, including the Fine Arts Library, or from your readings so far, and discuss the following questions and issues, which include focusing on one design or drawing by Borromini:

1.) Begin by identifying the book or article, say, Burns 1988 (not directly on Borromini, but on Ligorio and material that is significant for Borromini), or Connors 1992, "Virtuoso architecture...," or McPhee 1999, and providing a succinct summary or synthesis in one or two paragraphs.

2.) Proceed with a comparison between, say, Portoghesi's books of the 1960s-1970s or Blunt's book of 1979, the chapters you have read so far, and a more recent writing on Borromini, for example, the section on Borromini in McPhee 2002: Sarah McPhee, Bernini and the Bell Towers: Architecture and Politics at the Vatican (New Haven-London: Yale University Press, 2002). In this comparison, structure the thematic and intellectual frameworks that define each of these texts: what approach do they take to the study of the designer, the architect/landscape architect/urbanist?

3.) Apply what you have stated in 1.) and 2.) to your study thus far of Borromini and Baroque Rome. How has the culture of this architect and, more broadly, of designers in Baroque Rome emerged in the new frameworks of literature more recent than Blunt 1979? What are the intellectual parameters that appear in Borromini's designs, based on this new literature? What did it mean to be an "intellectual" architect? Organize this central part of the essay around a design or drawing by Borromini, and attempt to read it in the context of his larger culture.

4.) Conclude your paper with some remarks--comparative with what you've just written on Borromini in Rome--on the intellectual culture of the architect/ landscape architect/urbanist today, and give some examples in recent design and its culture.

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Prof. Mirka Beneš U Texas School of Architecture LAR 388 / ARC Fall 2010 p. 25

Information Sheet

Name:

Telephone:

Email address:

Mailing Address:

Graduate Students: Program and Year:

Landscape Architecture; Architecture; Urban Design; Italian Studies; Architectural History; History of Art;

Undergraduates: Major and Year:

Background and courses in any of the following:

Art (painting, graphics, sculpture, etc.):

Theory (of architecture, art, literature, film, landscape, etc.):

History of architecture and art, esp. Ancient, or Renaissance and Baroque (1500-1700):

History of landscape architecture, esp. Renaissance and Baroque (1500-1700):

History--cultural, social, economic, urban, etc. (antiquity - 1700, 1700 - present):

Travels abroad:

Languages (reading knowledge):

Experience in any of these--graphic analysis, hand or technical drawing, model making:

Reasons for taking this course, or areas of particular interest in it--circle those of interest:

Francesco Borromini as a great architect:

The City of Rome--its urban, architecture, landscape history:

Materials--stucco, marbles, stones, metals:

Science and technologies in designing architecture, landscape, city:

Italy--cultural, social, art history:

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