Fall-Winter 2000 Volume VI, Issue 1

Newsletter of The History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) Working Group ISSN 1527-9332

Logic, Logic, and Logic From the Editor (focusing primarily on the

second element of the title), Inside this issue: The current Newsletter is a ganizing committee, Andrew Alex Levine’s critique of bit later to press than recent Wayne (Université de Mon- Nick Huggett’s Space from previous issues but reflects tréal). Zeno to Einstein, and Ken From the Editor 1 the hard work of our stalwart A further indication of the Jacobs’ review of Jan Go- contributors. linski’s Making Natural burgeoning international This very spirit of hard work character of HOPOS-related Knowledge. While only HOPOS 2002 in 1 Huggett's volume is purely Montréal was much in evidence in Vi- studies is found in the latest enna this past July, when travelogue, dedicated to Bra- HOPOS material, Boolos HOPOS held its third inter- zil (p 7). To adequately addresses Frege’s philoso- Impressions of 2 national meting. That story summarize the history and phy of logic in historical HOPOS 2000: is briefly recounted in Don philosophy of science re- terms, and Golinski’s medi- A Report Howard’s report (p 2). [The sources in that gargantuan tation on method in history Editor could only corrobo- nation required the Hercu- of science draws on various rate this story second-hand, lean efforts of three au- themes in philosophy of sci- News of the Profession 3 due to the birth of a second thors— Eduardo Barra and ence from the recent past. Seminars, Conferences, daughter as conferees met.] Irinéa Batista (State Univer- One lesson here is that little and Colloquia sity of Londrina) and Valter may be possible in science On the basis of this first for- Bezerra (University of São studies of any philosophical eign adventure, the Steering Paulo). Those who have had character without tackling Competitions and Calls 5 Committee has elected to little commerce with our issues in the history of the for Submissions meet outside the US again in philosophy of science. Brazilian friends will find 2002, when Hopoi will Electronic Resources much to discover on physical gather in Montréal. Not a I close with two organiza- or virtual visits. distant land, perhaps, for tional notes. First, the HO- Books Published 6 POS Working Group has had most of us, but a site that is This issue’s book reviews Jobs and pleine de charme. Prelimi- include Mort Schragin’s a change in leadership other opportunities nary details (p 1) are offered look at George Boolos’ post- (without judicial coups

Journals by the chair of the local or- humous collection of essays, (Continued on page 2)

Regional Maps of 7 all four Montréal universi- HOPOS Activity and HOPOS 2002 in Montréal ties will be jointly hosting Infrastructure: Brazil the meeting (Concordia University, McGill Univer- The HOPOS Steering Com- dian Society for History and Book Reviews 16 sity, Université de Montréal, mittee has chosen Montréal, Philosophy of Science in and Université du Québec à Canada as the location for Toronto and just before the Montréal). The actual loca- our 2002 meeting. The local Montréal International Jazz Membership Form 20 tion of the meeting hasn't organizing committee is ten- Festival (so participants can been determined, although tatively planning a mid-June stay for the jazz festival if one university has already date, just after the meetings they wish). About HOPOS 20 offered low-cost accommo- of the Canadian Philosophi- (Continued on page 2) cal Association and Cana- Philosophy departments at Newsletter of Page 2 The History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) Working Group dence in Thomas as our new From the Editor chair. Montréal HOPOS 2002 will be a bi- lingual conference with (Continued from page 1) Second, Cassandra Pinnick, (Continued from page 1) d’état, thank you): Thomas our diligent treasurer, has dation for the conference in English and French as its Uebel (University of Man- been hard at work arranging student residences. official languages. The pro- chester) is the first non- dues payment by credit card. gram committee for the con- North American to head our This possibility—to be real- We are very enthusiastic ference is currently being Steering Committee, replac- ized within a month or about hosting HOPOS in formed by the newly consti- ing Alan Richardson two—will facilitate payment Montréal. Many Montréal tuted HOPOS Nominating (University of British Co- from outside the US, and philosophers have HOPOS- Committee. A call for ab- lumbia). Great thanks are ease discharging of one’s related research interests, stracts and symposia ses- due to Alan for two years of financial obligations to the and the HOPOS meeting sions will be issued in the steering our Steers—and Working Group. Let’s thank will provide an excellent newsletter and HOPOS-L standing at the helm of the Cassandra by ensuring that opportunity to raise the pro- sometime in the summer. Working Group—with our dues are paid in timely file of these activities. As Look for it! aplomb, efficiency, and tre- fashion! well, Montréal is a wonder- mendous productivity. I ful tourist destination. It is a Andrew Wayne speak with great assurance Best wishes, Chair, Local Organizing Saul Fisher vibrant multicultural city for the Steering Committee that is affordable and easily Committee for HOPOS 2002 in expressing our gratitude to accessible from Europe and Alan, and our fullest confi- North America.

the philosophy of science in Impressions of HOPOS 2000: A report Austria and Germany under HOPOS 2000, the Third cism”. In addition, Robert Popper, one to relations be- fascism in the 1930s and International History of Phi- Cohen and Brian McGuin- tween metaphysics and 1940s—and as a gesture of losophy of Science Confer- ness offered personal recol- mathematics in the 17th and support to our professional ence, was held at the Uni- lections from their perspec- 18th centuries, and one to colleagues and ordinary versity of Vienna, July 6–9, tive as the founders of the the scientific background to Austrian citizens who are 2000, under the sponsorship Vienna Circle Collection Wittgenstein’s Tractatus. committed to the ideal of a of the Institute Vienna Cir- (published by Kluwer), a There were interesting pa- democratic Austria in which cle. With nearly 140 papers series that has made avail- pers on Claude Bernard and the rights of all are re- on the program, it was HO- able in English the writings hypothetico-deductivism, spected. For the same rea- POS’s largest conference to of most of the central fig- Hermann von Helmholtz’s sons, the Program Commit- date and surely its most suc- ures in the Vienna Circle. work on physiological tee also added two sessions cessful—which is especially acoustics, and Hermann specifically devoted to poli- gratifying in view of the fact Lest the Viennese location Weyl at the crossroads be- tics and the philosophy of that this was the first HO- and sponsorship by the In- tween phenomenology and science. Given the unusu- POS conference in Europe. stitute Vienna Circle give mathematics. Indeed, a rich ally charged political cir- the wrong impression, this and varied program. cumstances under which the Highlights of the program was not a meeting solely conference was held, it was included Michael Fried- devoted to the history of the As regular readers of the good to see the broad, inter- man’s keynote lecture— Vienna Circle. As with all Newsletter know, the entry national participation and “What is Scientific Philoso- HOPOS conferences, schol- of Jörg Haider’s Frei- the attention that the meet- phy?” (which was also the arship on all periods and heitliche Partei Österreichs ing received from the Aus- 8th annual Vienna Circle subjects areas was encour- into the Austrian govern- trian press—including an Lecture of the Institute Vi- aged and welcomed. We ment in February led to a article in the Wiener Zeitung enna Circle) and plenary were treated to papers on vigorous discussion of pro- and interviews with confer- lectures by Maria Luisa Suarez, Rheticus, Galileo, posals to cancel HOPOS ence participants by a sci- Dalla Chiara—“What is a Newton, Leibniz, Locke, 2000 or move it to another ence reporter for Law?”, Marina Frasca- Berkeley, Hume, Kant, location as a gesture of pro- Österreichische Rundfunk. Spada—“Hume and Sense Vico, Whewell, Poincaré, test. In the end it was de- Impressions”, and Lothar Cassirer, Husserl, Bache- cided to keep the meeting in In my view the single most Schäfer—“Neo-Kantian lard, and Foucault. Two Vienna, as a way of bearing interesting and important Origins of Modern Empiri- sessions were devoted to witness to the tragic fate of event at the meeting was the Newsletter of The History of Philosophy of Science Page 3 (HOPOS) Working Group Impressions of HOPOS News of the profession. first of the two mentioned Call for Reports. Colloquium on special sessions, “The Po- II in 1784 granting a tax "Naturverständnisse - litical Meaning and Cultural exemption to wine served at The Newsletter features Naturverhältnisse". Institut Context of Philosophy (of a restaurant on vineyard occasional, concise reports für Philosophie, Wissen- Science) in Austria and grounds. On Saturday eve- on conferences of interest schaftstheorie, Wissen- Central Europe before and ning we went to the Heuri- to HOPOI. If you are schafts- und Technik- after World War II.” Four genrestaurant Fuhrgassl- interested in writing such geschichte. For informa- papers were presented, in Huber, where the wine reports, please contact the tion, go to http://www- German, for a Germano- flowed freely and food Editor. philosophie.kgw.tu-berlin. phone audience, by Frie- seemed never to end and de/Philosophie. drich Stadler, Gernot Heiss, where the music and danc- Hans-Joachim Dahms, and ing was still going strong Seminars, • December 4, 2000- Kurt R. Fischer. Most strik- when we left near midnight. Conferences, and January 29, 2001 ing was the evidence pre- I’m sorry to report that the École Normale Supérieure, sented of the continuing in- HOPOI proved not to be Colloquia. Paris, France fluence, after World War II, good dancers, for the most Seminar on the Probabilist of reactionary forces within part; perhaps more practice • November, 2000- Point of View. Mondays. the Austrian academy in is needed. And we’re all June, 2001 For information, contact inhibiting the revival of the still trying to figure out who Università di Firenze, Italy Martin Andler philosophy of science in its that man was who let his Seminar on Physics of the th ([email protected]) Austrian home. Specific dog clean up the scraps 19 Century. Departments examples included Arthur from our buffet. of Physics and Philosophy. • December 7, 2000- Pap’s being refused a For information, contact R. February 22, 2001 hoped-for appointment at Montréal will be home to Casalbuoni (casalbuoni@fi. Università di Padova, Italy the University of Vienna HOPOS 2002. After our infn.it) or E. Castellani Seminar in philosophy of after he spent a year there as meetings in Roanoke in ([email protected]). biology. Fortnightly. For a visiting Fulbright Profes- 1996 and at Notre Dame in information, contact Gio- sor in the early 1950s—this 1998, the Vienna meeting • November 6, 2000- vanni Boniolo because of the left-liberal set a new standard of excel- May 21, 2001 ([email protected]). reputation that attached to lence and hospitality. Spe- Centre Alexandre Koyré, the philosophy of science as cial thanks for that are owed Paris, France • a discipline, and Moritz to our host, the Institute Vi- Seminar on “Formation of December 7, 2000- Schlick’s being branded a enna Circle, its Director, knowledge at the beginning May 17 2001 “Jew, free-mason, and Bol- Friedrich Stadler, his assis- of the modern era: Human- Centre d’Études du Vivant, shevik” by an influential tant, Michael Stölzner, and ists, Geometers, and Mech- Institut Jacques Monod, member of the Vienna phi- the Institute’s secretary, An- anists”. The first, third, and Paris, France losophy faculty—this, gelika Rzihacek. Sincere fifth Mondays of the month. Monthly seminar on the ge- again, not before or during thanks are also owed to the For information, go to http:// netic program. For informa- but after World War II. The co-chairs of the Program www.ehess.fr/centres/koyre/ tion, go to http://www. papers presented at the two Committee, Michael Heidel- Centre_A_KOYRE.html. sigu7.jussieu.fr/cev/ special sessions on politics berger, of the Humboldt– cevprogene.html. and the philosophy of sci- Universität, Berlin, and, • November 22, 2000- • ence will be published as a again, Friedrich Stadler. A March 28, 2001 December 12, 2000- separate volume by the In- volume of selected confer- Institut Henri Poincaré, June 26, 2001 stitute Vienna Circle. ence papers will appear in Paris, France Archives H. Poincaré, 2001 in the Institute Vienna Seminar on the history of Nancy, France But the conference was not Circle’s Yearbook series. mathematics. Monthly, on Seminar on Logic and His- all deep thinking and heady Wednesdays. For informa- tory of Science. Fortnightly politics. No visit to Vienna Don Howard tion, go to http://www.ihp. on Tuesdays. For informa- is complete without an eve- Department of Philosophy and jussieu.fr. tion, contact Philippe ning spent relaxing at a Graduate Program in History Nabonnand (nabonnan@plg. Heuriger, that uniquely and Philosophy of Science • December, 2000- univ-nancy2.fr) or go to Austrian institution created University of Notre Dame January, 2001 http://www.univ-nancy2.fr/ by an edict of Kaiser Josef TU Berlin, Germany ACERHP/seminair.html. Newsletter of Page 4 The History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) Working Group

Seminars, Conferences, and Colloquia. Pavia, Italy versity. For information, Model-Based Reasoning: contact Laura Manetti Scientific Discovery, Tech- ([email protected]). • December 13, 2000– http://www.philosophy. nological Innovation, Val- May 16, 2001 leeds.ac.uk/html/hps.htm or ues (MBR 01). For infor- • May 29-June 1, 2001 Centre Alexandre Koyré, contact John Friesen mation, go to http://philos. Bielefeld University, Paris, France ([email protected]). unipv.it/courses/progra1. Germany Lecture series on the devel- html or contact Lorenzo Philosophy Department • opment of scientific ecology February 19-23, 2001 Magnani (lorenzo@philos. Pentecoste lectures 2001, and the emergence of envi- La Orotava, Tenerife, unipv.it). delivered by Philip Kitcher: ronmental ethics. Second Canary Islands, Spain. (1) Science, Truth, and De- and fourth Wednesdays of International Symposium • May 24-26, 2001 mocracy, and (2) Mendel’s the month. For information, Galileo 2001. Organized by Lille, France Mirror: Biological Reflec- contact Donato Bergandi the Fundacion Canaria Oro- Congress on the history of tions of Humanity. For in- ([email protected]). tava de Historia de la Cien- science and engineering. formation, contact Martin cia. For information, go to Société Française d’Histoire Carrier http://www.iac.es/project/ • December 14, 2000- des Sciences et des ([email protected] galileo/galileo.html. Techniques. For informa- bielefeld..d e) June 7, 2001 Université de Paris 8 tion, go to http://wwwrc. • March 17-18, 2001 • Vincennes-Saint Denis, obs-azur.fr/cerga/hdsn/ June 13-16, 2001 Claremont Graduate Uni- France SFHST.html or write to Queens Hotel, Cologne versity, Claremont CA Research group on history [email protected]. (Köln), Germany Graduate student conference th and philosophy of science 6 annual meeting of the on ‘The New Science: • seminar on science, legiti- May 24-26, 2001 International Society for the Emerging Viewpoints in the macy, and mediation: the Université Laval, Quebec History of the Neurosci- Early Modern Era’. For th question of interpretation City, Canada ences and 8 Meeting of the information, contact how- and the place of the histo- Canadian Society for His- European Club for the His- [email protected]. rian. Thursdays, monthly, tory and Philosophy of Sci- tory of Neurology. For in-

Département de ence (CSHPS) annual con- formation, contact Axel • March 30-April 1, 2001 mathématiques, Paris 8, ference. Proposals by Janu- Karenberg ([email protected] University of Notre Dame, Saint-Denis. For informa- ary 30, 2001. For informa- koeln.de) or Paul Eling Indiana tion, go to http://www.ai. tion, go to the Humanities ([email protected]), or go to Mephistos Graduate Student univ-paris8.fr/ufr6/maths/ and Social Sciences Federa- http://www,ishn.org/ Conference for the History, semi2000.html. tion of Canada website call2001.htm. Philosophy, and Sociology (http://www.hssfc.ca) or the of Science. Abstracts by • • December 21, 2000- Canadian Society for His- June 21-24, 2001 January 15, 2001. For in- June 7, 2001 tory and Philosophy of Sci- Indiana University, formation go to http://www. Maison de la Recherche, ence website (http://www. Bloomington, Indiana nd.edu/~meph2001 or con- Université Lille 3, France ukings.ns.ca/cshps). CHEIRON: The Interna- tact Ryan Cameron Monthly Seminar on the tional Society for the His- MacPherson (ryan. • reception of Euclid’s Elé- May 24-June 1, 2001 tory of Behavioral and So- [email protected]) rd ments in the Middle Ages Florence and Vinci, Italy cial Sciences 33 Annual th and Renaissance. 4 International Laboratory Meeting. For information, • April 12, 2001 For information, contact for the History of Science: contact Marlene Shore Boston University, Boston, Sabine Rommevaux Art, Science and Tech- ([email protected]), Chei- Massachusetts ([email protected]) niques of Drafting in the ron Program Chair, or go to Boston Colloquium for Phi- Renaissance. Sponsored by http://www.yorku.ca/dept/ losophy of Science—Kant • January 8-10, 2001 the Dibner Institute psych/orgs/cheiron/cheiron. on the Sciences. For infor- University of Leeds, UK (Cambridge, MA), the Isti- htm. mation, go to http://www. British Society for the His- tuto e Museo di Storia della bu.edu/philo/centers/ • July 8-14, 2001 tory of Science Postgraduate Scienza (Florence), the cphs/00-01/Apr12-2001. Mexico City, Mexico Workshop, School of Phi- Max-Planck-Institut für html. XXI International Congress losophy, Division of History Wissenschaftsgeschichte of History of Science. For & Philosophy of Science. (Berlin), the University of • May 17-19, 2001 information, go to http:// For information, go to Athens, and Tel Aviv Uni- (Continued on page 5) Newsletter of The History of Philosophy of Science Page 5 (HOPOS) Working Group

Seminars, Conferences, and Colloquia. Competitions and Calls for Submissions.

(Continued from page 4) Leicestershire, UK • Editions de l’Harmattan and suggestions for a new www.smhct.org or contact Fifth Symposium on the is launching a book series in series of history of science [email protected]. Philosophy of Chemistry the history of science, com- and technology textbooks. and Biochemistry—under prising reprint editions, For information, contact • July 12-14, 2001 the auspices of the new studies, and thematic Roberta Magnusson University of Vienna, International Society for the anthologies. For informa- (Roberta.J.Magnusson- Vienna, Austria Philosophy of Chemistry. tion, contact Gilles Denis [email protected]) Conference on the Vienna For information, contact ([email protected]), Circle and Logical Empiri- Tony Edmonds (t.e. Alain Herreman • Foundations of Chemis- cism: Re-Evaluation and [email protected]). ([email protected]. try seeks submissions for a Future Perspectives of Re- fr), or Sophie Roux (Sophie. special issue on chemical search and Historiography. • September 28- [email protected]) education For information, Sponsored by the Institut October 1, 2001 contact Eric Scerri Wiener Kreis and the Uni- Hamburg, Germany • The Journal of College ([email protected]), versity of Vienna Center for Annual meeting of the Ger- Science Teaching seeks re- editor. Interdisciplinary Research. man Society for the History viewers for submissions in Abstracts by December 31, of Medicine, Science and history, philosophy and so- • National Endowment for 2000. For information, con- Technology. Proposals by cial studies of science. For the Humanities—Applica- tact Friedrich Stadler December 31, 2000. For information, contact Doug- tions to conduct an NEH (friedrich.stadler@univie. information, contact las Allchin (allchin@pclink. Seminar or Institute in Sum- ac.at). Helmuth Albrecht com). mer 2002. Deadline: March ([email protected]. 1, 2001. Current projects

de) or go to http://www. • MartianusCapella.com, a are listed at http://www.neh. • July 12–14, 2001 mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/ new online journal seeks gov/teaching/seminars2. University of Vienna, dggmnt/tagungen/ submissions. For informa- html. For information, go to Vienna, Austria hamburg2001.html. tion, go to http://www. http://www.neh.gov/grants/ Vienna International Sum- martianuscapella.com. onebook/seminars.html. mer School on philosophy • July 3-7, 2002 • • of science, organized by Vienna, Austria The Philosophy of Sci- Methodos is a new jour- IVC and the University of Karl Popper 2002 Centenary ence Association will award nal dedicated to classical Vienna (CIR). The theme Congress. Organized by the a prize for an essay written philology, philosophy, and is: “Unity and Plurality of Karl Popper Institut, the by a graduate student in history of science. Science”. For information, University of Vienna, the 2000. Deadline: Decem- Submissions may be sent to go to http://ivc.philo.at City of Vienna, and the ber 31, 2000. For informa- the editorial secretariat, Austrian Ministry of Sci- tion, go to http://www. Florence Thill (thill@univ- lille3.fr) . For information, • ence. For information, con- indiana.edu/~philsci. July 18-22, 2001 go to http://www.univ- tact Gerhard Budin (gerhard. • Johns Hopkins UP is Quinnipiac University, lille3.fr/www/recherche/set. budin@karlpopperinstitut. looking for potential authors Hamden, Connecticut International Society for the org). History, Philosophy and Social Studies of Biology. Proposals by March 15, Electronic Resources. 2001. For information, con- tact Douglas Allchin • Website of Theuth, the at http://www-hl.syr.edu/ • Website of the Florence ([email protected]) or go French history of science phil. Center for the History and group: http://www.sigu7. Philosophy of Science: to http://www.phil.vt.edu/ • ishpssb/2001. jussieu.fr/hpr/theuth-index. philoscience.com is an http://associazioni.comune. html online French bookshop firenze.it/florenceCHPS. specialized in second-hand • August 6-9, 2001 • • Jonathan Bennett’s rendi- books on philosophy and Website of the Philoso- Loughborough University, tions of texts by Locke, history of science, at http:// phy of Science Society of Loughborough, Berkeley, Hume, Descartes, www.philoscience.com. Japan: http://wwwsoc. and Kant are now available nacsis.ac.jp/pssj/index.html. Newsletter of Page 6 The History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) Working Group

Books published. Jobs and other opportunities.

Years, 1902-1945, • Soler, Léna, Introduction Cambridge University • Oakland University, toral Fellowship for two à l'Épistemologie. Editions Press, 2000. For Michigan. Assistant profes- years, beginning spring Ellipses. For information, information, go to http:// sorship in history of science 2001. For information, con- go to http://www.editions- www.cup.org. and technology, beginning tact Jochen Schneider ellipses.com. September, 2001 Speciali- ([email protected]). • J. Lennart Berggren and • Gasser, James (ed.), A zation in Modern Europe Alexander Jones, Ptolemy’s • National Endowment for Boole Anthology, Kluwer preferred. For information, Geography, Princeton the Humanities. Applica- Academic Publishers, contact Sean Farrell Moran University Press, 2000. For tions to conduct NEH Semi- Synthese Library, 2000. ([email protected]). information, go to http:// nars or Institutes in summer For information, go to pup.princeton.edu. • 2002 are due March 1, http://www.wkap.nl. Université de Versailles- • Demetra Sfendoni- Saint-Quentin, France. 2001. For information and • Barberousse, Anouk & Mentzou, Aristotle and Maître de conférences application guidelines, go to Kistler, Max, and Ludwig, Contemporary Science, (lecturer) in HPS. This per- http://www.neh.gov/grants/ Pascal, La Philosophie des Volume One, Peter Lang, son will participate in ac- onebook/seminars.html. Sciences au XXe siècle, 2000. For information, go tivities of the Centre Flammarion, Champs to http://www.peterlang.com. Cavaillès at the ENS in Hans-Sigrist-Foundation, Paris. For information, con- University of Bern, Switzer- Université, 2000. For • information, go to http:// Mai Lequan, La Chimie tact Martin Andler, UVSQ land. Postdoctoral fellow- www.paru.com/redac/ selon Kant, PUF, 2000. For ([email protected]) or ships in HPS. For informa- critiquePhilosophie. information, go to http:// Michel Morange, Centre tion, contact Barbara www.puf.com. Cavaillè (morange@wotan. Lischetti (barbara. Mélika Ouelbani (ed.), La [email protected]). • Pierre-Marie Morel, ens.fr). Philosophie Autrichienne: Atome et nécessité. spécificité et influences, La • • University of Bielefeld, Démocrite, Épicure, University of California, Faculté des Sciences Germany. Postdoctoral fel- Lucrèce, PUF, 2000. For Davis. Director of STS pro- Humaines et Sociales de lowships in philosophy, his- information, go to http:// gram, tenured associate or Tunis, 2000. For tory, or sociology of science www.puf.com. full professor, beginning information, contact Fall 2001. For information, and technology, at the De- [email protected] • Isabelle Duperon, G. T. contact James Grieseme velopment, Structures and Fechner. Le parallélisme ([email protected]). Consequences of Science • Peter A. Schouls, psychophysiologique, PUF, and Technology research Descartes and the 2000. For information, go • Max Planck Institute for group. For information, go Possibility of Science, to http://www.puf.com. the History of Science in to http://www.uni-bielefeld. Cornell University Press, Berlin, Germany. Postdoc- de/iwt/gk or write to chris- 2000. http://www. [email protected]. cornellpress.cornell.edu.

• Stathis Psillos, Scientific Realism: How Science Journals. • Epistemologia (23/1). • Cahiers du Centre Tracks Truth, Routledge, For information, go to d’histoire des sciences et 1999. For information, go http://www.tilgher.it/ des philosophies arabes et • to http://www.routledge. HYLE (6/2). Papers are epistemologiae.html. médiévales (3). For infor- com available at http://www.uni- mation, contact M. Rouabah karlsruhe.de/~philosophie/ • Thomas E. Uebel, • Azogue is an electronic ([email protected]). hyle.html. journal for the historical Vernunftkritik und • A new journal for the his- • wissenschaft, Springer, Foundations of study of alchemy. For tory of geological science is 2000. For information, go Chemistry (2/2). For information, go to http:// being planned. For infor- to http://www.springer.at. information, go to http:// personal5.iddeo.es/ mation, contact Jean Gau- www.wkap.nl/journalhome. emclmffgm. dant ([email protected]. • Malachi Haim Hacohen, htm/1386-4238. fr). Karl Popper: the Formative Newsletter of The History of Philosophy of Science Page 7 (HOPOS) Working Group

geography and socio- science—and history of phi- Regional maps of HOPOS activity economic indicators: the losophy of science—could and infrastructure. endless creativity that Bra- hardly tell a different story. zilians exhibit even under the Courses in philosophy of sci- Brazil (No. 5). most unfavorable conditions. ence in Brazil date back to Report on HOPOS-related resources in Brazil. This creativity has enabled the mid-1950’s, when Gilles- them to construct a formida- Gaston Granger wrote Lógica Introduction fleet of Portuguese com- ble folklore extending far e Filosofia das Ciências— mander Pedro Álvares beyond the Rio Carnaval: probably the first introduc- Brazil is known around the Cabral, Brazilians feel that amazing literature, music, art, tory book in Portuguese on world through a number of they have a lot to do to un- and architecture, in spite of the subject. Later pioneers of stereotypes. It is customary derstand their own country having undergone neither a the 1960s included Leônidas for people in many countries and to shape its destiny. Renaissance nor an Enlight- Hegenberg, Hugh Lacey, and to draw the standard easy enment—and science and Oswaldo Porchat, among oth- associations: Brazil is (in It is a commonplace among technology that, despite a ers. Philosophy of science some suitably flexible sense Brazilians to say that two lack of resources, achieve constitutes an interesting case of “being”) football (soccer), countries coexist simultane- surprising levels of excel- in the context of Brazilian samba, Rio (as tourist’s para- ously within Brazil: one that lence in unexpected areas. academia, because Brazilian dise), Carnaval, or the Ama- is highly developed, industri- philosophy has always been zon rainforest. If access to alized, densely intercon- One aspect of this richness strongly influenced by the information is a greater, ele- nected, with dynamic cultural born out of difficulty is aca- French tradition. The Conti- ments may be succesively life, and one that is poor and demic life. Universities in nental influence reveals it- added to the reference frame: underdeveloped, where hu- Brazil are young, most of the self, for example, in the fact Brazil is also street children, man potential is painfully larger ones being just 50 to that most philosophy in Bra- urban violence, expert race wasted in the hard daily ef- 100 years old. In spite of zil is done from an exegetical car drivers, or bossa nova. fort to survive. There is no their young age, Brazilian and historical perspective. sharp divide between them: universities display some The same holds, in some Less known than these they often intermingle in a unexpected scars, as a result measure, for philosophy of stereotypes is that Brazil is kind of fractal pattern, shar- of being forced in decades science—thus, HOPOS is a the tenth largest economy in ing the same spaces, espe- past to defend freedom of field with great appeal for the world, that it is one of the cially in the big cities. The thought and becoming spaces Brazilian philosophers. In countries where the Internet clash between the “two coun- of political reflection and recent times Brazilian phi- is growing the fastest, or that tries” can occur anywhere, at action. Further, it has been losophy departments have São Paulo is the fifth largest any time, giving rise to star- necessary for universities to increasingly promoted di- city in the world. Much less tling contrasts and, at times, engage in recurrent battles verse philosophical styles. known still is that Brazilians to puzzling scenes. for research funding and Within the philosophy of sci- have developed highly so- against the dismantling of ence the coexistence of the phisticated styles of instru- Brazil is an unequal country, lines of research. Since ne- Anglo-American and French mental music, that Brazilian perhaps as a result of having cessity is the mother of in- traditions has been basically advertising agencies always forced many regions to leap vention, Brazilian researchers peaceful, and people in the earn prizes in festivals world- directly from an almost feu- have been endowed with a field (especially those pursu- wide, or that writers such as dal system to a post- great ability to overcome dif- ing more formalized, open- Machado de Assis are as industrial society. Perhaps it ficulties creatively and with a ended, and evolving re- creative and prolific as the has something to do with the tendency to be protective of search) have displayed a keen greatest names in major weird ability of average Bra- what they have been able to interest in being up-to-date European literature. zilians to find compromise achieve. In this manner quite with the latest developments. between contradictory facts, a few areas have achieved Brazil is a huge, almost un- beliefs, or actions. In any international recognition: The report that follows is an believably diverse, country case, such inequality—at all condensed matter physics, attempt—surely an incom- that can be known only it- scales, levels, and times—has dynamical systems, mathe- plete one—to meet two eratively, through successive deep structural roots in Bra- matical logic, genetics, zo- goals: to give an idea of approximations. Indeed, the zilian society, and poses for- ology, sociology, and anthro- what is going on in history country is so huge, complex, midable challenges to gov- pology. and/of philosophy of science and contradictory that any ernment and public policy- in Brazil; and as an exercise given picture is doomed to be makers. If Brazilian science witnesses in clairvoyance, to give the profoundly incomplete. Even a permanent struggle between average HOPOI hints as to now, as the country cele- But the most remarkable as- difficulties and creativity, what they could find interest- brates the fifth centennial of pect about Brazil is some- then Brazilian philosophy of (Continued on page 8) its official discovery by the thing largely independent of Newsletter of Page 8 The History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) Working Group

HOPOS-related resources in Brazil existed independently before history of the University can 1934 (the first courses in the be found in the special num- (Continued from page 7) School of Law date back to ber of the journal Estudos ing to look for when visiting Academic and Scholarly 1827). The newly founded Avançados (published by the Brazil with intellectual pur- Institutions. University invited many for- Institute of Advanced Stud- poses (this does not necessar- eign professors (many of ies) celebrating the 60 years ily exclude having a good Brasilia, DF them from France) to give of the University (Volume 8, time visiting the Northeast courses, conduct research, Number 22, Sept-Dec, 1994). and Rio beaches, the Amazon University of Brasilia (UnB) and provide initial momen- Although the University does rain forest, the Pantanal, the Department of Philosophy, tum. During the two first dec- not have an institute dedi- Iguaçú falls and so on…). PO Box 04661, CEP 70910- ades, illustrious visitors such cated to history and philoso- Many people and institutions 900, Brasília, DF (tel (61) as Claude Lévi-Strauss phy of science, there is much in Brazil deserve to be in- 307-2727, 307-2728, 307- (Anthropology), Roger Bas- HOPOS-related activity at cluded in this report—our 2758; [email protected]; http:// tide (Sociology), Fernand the Departments of Philoso- sincerest apologies to those www.unb.br/ih/fil) Braudel (History), Pierre phy and History, the Institute who we may have forgotten The UnB Department of Phi- Monbeig (Geography), of Physics, the Faculty of to mention here. losophy has a graduate pro- Giuseppe Ungaretti Education, and other insti- gram in theory of knowledge (Literature), Felix Rawitscher tutes. For further information on which regularly offers core (Biology), Gleb Wataghin Brazilian academia, see the courses in the history and and David Bohm (Physics), Department of Philosophy ‘Brazil’ article in the Ency- philosophy of science. Staff among others, taught at the Faculty of Philosophy, Lan- clopedia of Higher Educa- includes three professors that University and helped imple- guages and Human Sciences tion, Volume 1 (National do research in general phi- ment a high-level research (FFLCH) Systems of Higher Educa- losophy of science, history of mentality. Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, tion), 82-92 (Burton Clark science (17th, 18th and 19th The University was located 315 - Sala 1005, PO Box and Guy Neave, editors, Per- centuries), philosophy of downtown from its beginning 8105, CEP 05508-900, São gamon Press, 1992 [Oxford, physics (Relativity Theory until 1969; first, scattered Paulo, SP (tel (11)3818- New York, Seoul, Tokyo]). and Quantum Mechanics), among many buildings and 3761; [email protected]; and philosophy of biology. later, from 1949 to 1969, http://www.fflch.usp.br) Notes on travel and contact with all FFCL departments The History and Philosophy information. Complete and São Paulo, SP sharing the building at Maria of Science Group in the USP up-to-date information on Antonia St. In 1969, amid Department of Philosophy many Brazilian cities— University of São Paulo dramatic political changes in comprises six professors including hotels, restau-rants, (USP) the country, the University (with the occasional collabo- services, transport-ation, Cidade Universitária was thoroughly restructured ration of another three) who shopping, addresses, visits, “Armando de Salles and transferred to the Univer- pursue these lines of re- events, cultural life, local Oliveira” (University City), sity City, near the Pinheiros search: (a) contemporary news—can be found at the São Paulo, SP (http://www. River. Today, besides the philosophy of science Virtual Cities site of the usp.br) University City (where most (realism and antirealism, Terra internet portal, at Founded in 1934, this is the of its 33 faculties and insti- problem-solving, scientific http://www.terra.com.br/ largest university in Brazil tutes are located), other São change, and rationality); (b) cidades. and the main center of excel- Paulo sites include the down- Duhem’s physics, philoso- Telephone and fax numbers lence in many areas. The town buildings of the School phy, and historical studies; are given here in the format University was constituted of Law, the Observatory of (c) history of philosophy and (area code) plus (number). through the joint efforts of the Astronomical Institute science in the 17th and 18th When calling from a different preeminent members of the (located at the State Park), centuries; (d) history of logic area, one must preface these city’s economic and cultural and the huge complex com- and the foundations of with ‘0’ (long-distance) and a elite, and was intended to prising the Faculty of Medi- mathematics (Frege, Wittgen- two-digit operator code. have core strengths in its cine, its associated General stein); (e) general epistemol- When calling from within the Faculty of Philosophy, Lan- Hospital, the School of Pub- ogy; (f) mathematical logic same area, dial the number guages and Human Sciences lic Health and the School of (including paraconsistent without the area code. When (FFLCH—originally the Fac- Nursing. In addition, the logic, nonreflexive logic, calling from abroad, the ulty of Philosophy, Sciences University has other self- quasi-set theory, and model country code for Brazil is and Languages, FFCL). sufficient campuses within theory); and (g) scientific ‘55’. The postal code in Some of its institutes, such as São Paulo state, in the cities axiomatics (including set- mailing addresses is prefaced the School of Law, Polytech- of Bauru, São Carlos, theoretic structures, prag- by ‘CEP’. nic School (Engineering) and Ribeirão Preto and Piraci- matic truth, and undecidabil- Faculty of Medicine already caba. A collectively authored (Continued on page 9) Newsletter of The History of Philosophy of Science Page 9 (HOPOS) Working Group

HOPOS-related resources in Brazil opment in Brazil, history of hcs.html) techniques and technology in This graduate program is the (Continued from page 8) Studies. Major research areas Brazil, Brazilian scientific first in Brazil entirely dedi- ity and incompleteness in include paraconsistent and institutions, and history of cated to the history of sci- scientific theories). Recent non-classical logics, applica- modern physics. ence. Scholars from the visiting professors include tions of non-classical logics PUC-SP and other Brazilian David Miller (Warwick), to artificial intelligence and Institute of Physics universities occasionally con- Hugh Lacey (Swarthmore), expert systems, foundations Rua Do Matão, Travessa R, tribute to its activities. Re- Michel Paty (REHSEIS, of physics and biology, unde- 187, Cidade Universitária, searchers pursue programs in France), Gilles-Gaston cidability and incompleteness CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, history, science, and culture, Granger (Collège de France), in scientific theories. The SP (tel (11) 3818-6900; and in history and theory of Claude Comte (REHSEIS, Group promotes conferences [email protected]; http://www.if. science. France), and Francisco Doria and colloquia, and issues pre- usp.br) (UFRJ, Rio). The HPS group prints on a regular basis. For- The Institute of Physics, Simão Mathias Center for the publishes the journal Ciência eign guests are frequently which started its activities in Study of the History of Sci- e Filosofia (Science and Phi- invited for conferences and the Thirties (as a Department ence (CESIMA) losophy). roundtable discussions. of the Faculty of Sciences Rua Marquês de Paranaguá, The Department has a total of and Languages) thanks to the 111 - Prédio I - Sala 2, CEP 28 professors, with graduate vision of Gleb Wataghin, is 01303-050, São Paulo, SP programs at the PhD and MA now one of the leading scien- (tel (11)256-1622 ext. 211; level. The Department pro- tific institutions in Brazil. [email protected]) motes colloquia and confer- The emphasis on history and Founded in 1994, CESIMA ences, and maintains a pub- philosophy of science is is affiliated with the PUC-SP lishing house, Discurso Edi- stronger in the work of the graduate program in the his- torial (http://www.discurso. Physics Teaching Group and tory of science. Undergradu- com.br), that publishes origi- its graduate students, but ates, graduate students, and nal works and translations, there researchers from various in- the philosophy journal Dis- are also people working on stitutions pursue interdiscipli- curso, and (together with the foundational issues, espe- nary studies of the history of Université Paris 7, Denis cially in quantum mechanics, science in seminars, courses, Diderot) the international statistical mechanics and and other forums. In 1995, philosophy journal Épisté- thermodynamics. Mario with the support of the São mologiqes - Philosophie, sci- Schenberg, widely regarded Paulo State Research Support ences, histoire. The Depart- as Brazil's greatest theoretical Foundation (FAPESP), the ment is also one of the spon- physicist, studied and CESIMA developed a Sector sors of Jornal de Resenhas Newton da Costa, later taught at the Institute, as of Multimedia Documenta- (The Reviews Journal), a father of paraconsistent logic did many other distinguished tion, together with a method monthly book review supple- physicists. The Institute's for digitizing original re- ment to the major Brazilian Interinstitute Center for the experimental research facili- source materials. The CE- newspaper Folha de São History of Science ties include a linear accelera- SIMA is currently enlarging Paulo , featuring a section PO Box 8105, CEP 05508- tor, a Pelletron electrostatic its virtual library of resources about new books on science 900, São Paulo, SP (tel (11) accelerator, two plasma To- in history of science and in- and HPS. 3818-3776; chciencia@edu. kamaks (one still under con- tensifying its scholarly ex- usp.br) struction), and large laborato- change with research centers Logic and Theory of Science The Centro Interunidades de ries for condensed matter in Brazil and abroad. Group, Institute of Advanced História da Ciência (CHC)— physics. The Simão Mathias Center Studies (IEA) directed by the historian of bears the name of a distin- Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, science Shozo Motoyama— Pontifícia Universidade guished Brazilian chemist Travessa J, 374, térreo, CEP was founded in 1988 as an Católica de São Paulo (PUC- and historian of science. 05508-900, São Paulo, SP initiative of professors from SP) Mathias graduated in the very (tel (11)3818-3919; 3818- the USP History department. Graduate Program in the first class (1937) from the 4442; [email protected]; http:// Currently, the CHC also History of Science just-established Chemistry www.usp.br/iea) gathers researchers from Rua Marquês de Paranaguá, Department of the Faculty of Lead by logicians Newton C. other institutes of the Univer- 111 - Prédio I - Sala 2, CEP Sciences and Languages at da Costa and Jair M. Abe, sity. Major lines of research 01303-050, São Paulo, SP USP, and was the first PhD this is one of the oldest and include social history of Bra- (tel (11)256-1622 ext. 211; from the FFCL. He built the most active research groups zilian science, technology, [email protected]; http:// first laboratory of physical at the Institute of Advanced industrialization, and devel- cogeae.pucsp.br/pos/mestre/ (Continued on page 10) Newsletter of Page 10 The History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) Working Group HOPOS-related resources in Brazil series consisting of original www.ige.unicamp.br/deptos/ works primarily, though not dpct/depto_dpct.htm) (Continued from page 9) one hundred) include re- exclusively, aimed at a Latin This department emphasizes chemistry, was later head of searchers from many differ- American readers of logic, research on scientific and the Department, then founded ent departments of the Uni- philosophy of language, epis- technological innovation and and directed in the Institute camp, and from numerous temology, and the history and development. The depart- of Chemistry, and was instru- other universities. CLE has philosophy of science. ment is dedicated to analyz- mental in bringing the field always maintained active Coleção CLE publishes, on ing innovation, generation, of liquid crystal research to academic exchanges with average, two titles a year. and diffusion of science and the Institute. For many years researchers and institutions Besides its research activi- technology, evaluating its he was editor of a scientific elsewhere in Brazil and ties, CLE is also the host in- implications in developing journal, Selecta Chimica. abroad. Some of the people stitution of the ANPOF countries, and elaborating Always interested in the his- that were either professors or (National Association of strategies and mechanisms tory of his discipline, in 1974 short-term visiting research Graduate Programs in Phi- targeted at scientific and he went to the Department of fellows at CLE over the past losophy—see below) and technological development. History, participated in the decades include: Steven SBL (the Brazilian Logic Center for History of Sci- French, Michel Ghins, Har- Society). Rio de Janeiro, RJ ence, and was a founding vey Brown, Carlos-Ulises member of the SBHC. Prof. Moulines, Marcelo Dascal History and Theory of State University of Rio de Mathias also took an active (who was editor of the jour- Science Group, Janeiro (UERJ) part in the consolidation of nal Manuscrito for many Department of Cosmic Rays Department of Philosophy, SBPC and its transformation years), Gilles-Gaston and Chronology Institute of Philosophy and into a forum for the defense Granger, Maurice Clavelin, PO Box 6059, CEP 13081- Human Sciences (IFCH) of democracy and civil liber- Gottfried Gabriel, Michel 970, Campinas, SP Rua São Francisco Xavier , ties in Brazil in the Seventies. Paty, Francis Wolff, Gerard ([email protected]; http:// 524 - 9º Andar - Sala 9027 - Lebrun, and Maurice Debrun. www.ifi.unicamp.br/~ghtc) Bloco B, CEP 20550-013, Campinas, SP The Center organizes semi- This group was created in Rio de Janeiro, RJ (tel (21) nars and scientific confer- 1991 at the Unicamp Depart- 587-7232 / 587-7746; State University of Campinas ences and other research ac- ment of Cosmic Rays and [email protected]; http://www2. (Unicamp) tivities, and provides admin- Chronology, a division of the uerj.br/~fil) Center for Logic, Epistemol- istrative support for interdis- Gleb Wataghin Physics Insti- This group of UERJ philoso- ogy and the History of Sci- ciplinary post-graduate tute. Research activities in- phy department is composed ence (CLEHC) courses. The Center's library clude foundations, methodol- of four professors who focus PO Box 6133, CEP 13083- holds an important collection ogy, and history of physical on philosophy of science, 970, Campinas, SP (tel (19) of books, periodicals, and and biological sciences, and history and foundations of 289-7374; logica@cle. other documents. history of Brazilian and Por- physics, French epistemol- unicamp.br; http://www. The Center publishes two tuguese science, medicine, ogy, and studies of Boyle, unicamp.br/cle/clehc.html) journals of international cir- and technology. Descartes, Bachelard, Fou- The Center for Logic, Episte- culation, Manuscrito: Revista The Physics Institute bears cault and Boltzmann. The mology and the History of Internacional de Filosofia (in the name of the Russian- Department has a total of 23 Science (CLEHC, or simply, Portuguese, Spanish, French Italian physicist who played a professors, and students at ‘CLE’) of the State Univer- and English), since 1977, and fundamental role in establish- the PhD, MA, and under- sity of Campinas (Unicamp) Cadernos de História e ing physics in Brazil. Wa- graduate level. There is also was founded in 1976 by Filosofia da Ciência, since taghin organized the Depart- an undergraduate research Oswaldo Porchat, and offi- 1980. A third journal, The ment (later Institute) of program. The Department cially opened in 1977. The Journal of Non-Classical Physics at USP from the promotes colloquia and con- Center was conceived with Logic, was founded in 1982 ground up and later taught at ferences. the aim of promoting re- and published until 1991. Unicamp. Many distin- search in the fields of logic, This was the first interna- guished Brazilian physicists Federal University of Rio de epistemology, and the history tional journal devoted to non- were his students. Janeiro (UFRJ) of science, and work of an classical logics, and in 1992 Graduate Program in the interdisciplinary nature. The its publication was taken over Department of Science and History of Science and Engi- Center maintains several re- by the publishing house Her- Technology Policy (DPCT), neering and Epistemology, search projects in logic, self- mès (Paris), under the title Institute of Earth Sciences Graduate School and Re- organizing systems, and epis- The Journal of Applied Non- PO Box 6152, CEP 13083- search in Engineering temology of the natural and Classical Logic. 970, Campinas, SP (tel (19) (COPPE) formal sciences. The imprint Coleção CLE 3788-4555, 3289-1097; Technology Center, Bl. G, Its members (currently over founded in 1987 is a book [email protected]; http:// (Continued on page 11) Newsletter of The History of Philosophy of Science Page 11 (HOPOS) Working Group

HOPOS-related resources in Brazil torical studies of concepts philosophy, history, biology, and theories of modern sci- and the arts. The faculty (Continued from page 10) bears the name of one of the ence, from social and episte- comprises researchers in his- room 101, Fundão Island, PO most important Brazilian sci- mological perspectives; in- tory of science, philosophy of Box 68513, CEP 21945-970, entists in medicine and life vestigations of experimental science, mathematical logic, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (tel (21) sciences. Cruz (1872-1917) and theoretical science teach- formal semantics, generative 590-5036 / 590-5489; direto- was responsible for the eradi- ing and their influence on grammar, and science educa- [email protected]; http:// cation of bubonic plague, student conceptions of scien- tion. www.coppe.ufrj.br/ yellow fever and smallpox in tific concepts; and philoso- posgraduacao/ Rio at the beginning of the phy of science, as is relevant Florianópolis, SC historia_das_ciencias; century, despite widespread to science teaching. Investi- COPPE homepage: http:// public resistance against his gations also focus on contem- Federal University of Santa www.coppe.ufrj.br) methods. Together with Vital porary critiques, authors such Catarina (UFSC) This interdisciplinary group Brazil, Carlos Chagas, as Popper, Kuhn, Lakatos, Logic and Epistemology Re- is devoted to research and Emilio Ribas and Adolfo Bachelard, Peirce, and Witt- search Group (NEL) teaching regarding history Lutz, he forms the first gen- genstein, and the relation be- PO Box 476, CEP 88010- and philosophy of science eration of modern Brazilian tween philosophy and history 970, Florianópolis, SC (tel and the cognitive sciences. pioneers in epidemiology, of science. (48)331-8808; [email protected]. These lines of research have microbiology, and public br; http://www.cfh.ufsc.br/ a long tradition in COPPE, health. ~nel) which over the last two dec- The NEL group was created ades has produced a great Salvador, BA in 1996. NEL promotes co- output of courses, seminars, operation between research conferences, papers, books, Federal University of Bahia groups in logic, theory of and theses. Areas of research (UFBa) and State University knowledge, philosophy of include foundations and con- of Feira de Santana (UEFS) science, history of science, ceptual history of physics, Graduate Program in His- and related subjects, at the computing and epistemology, tory, Philosophy and Science UFSC and elsewhere. STS, history of Brazilian sci- Teaching, Science and Edu- Cesar M. G. Lattes, Since 1997, NEL has pub- ence, and diffusion of science cation Program (PICE) physicist, codiscoverer of the lished Principia—An Interna- and technology. Institute of Physics, Campus pi meson (1947). tional Journal of Epistemol- Universitário de Ondina, ogy, in partnership with the The Oswaldo Cruz Institute CEP 40210-340, Salvador, Londrina, PR UFSC University Press . Foundation (FIOCRUZ) BA (tel (71)247-2033; Principia accepts submis- Casa de Oswaldo Cruz— [email protected]; http:// State University of Londrina sions in English, Spanish, Prédio do Relógio, Av. Bra- www.fis.ufba.br) (UEL) French, and Portuguese, sil, 4365, CEP 21045-900, This graduate program (at the Lato Sensu Graduate Pro- about topics in epistemology Rio de Janeiro, RJ (tel (21) MA level) in history, phi- gram in History and Philoso- and related subjects. NEL’s 280-9241; [email protected]; losophy, and science teaching phy of Science editorial service also pub- http://www.fiocruz.br/coc) was recently created in the Universidade Estadual de lishes (since 1999) the book Founded in 1986, the Casa Bahia state. Two universi- Londrina, Departamento de series Rumos da Epistemolo- Oswaldo Cruz conducts re- ties—the Federal University Filosofia – CCH, PO Box gia, devoted to longer texts search in history, sociology of Bahia (UFBa) [the head- 6001, CEP 86051-990, Lon- on epistemology and philoso- and philosophy of science quarters] and the State Uni- drina, PR (tel (43)371-4486; phy of science. A new series, and public health, and as ac- versity of Feira de Santana [email protected]; http://www. Sképsis, is being prepared tivities in museology, docu- (UEFS)—are responsible for uel.br/cch/pos/filhfc) with the Skepticism research mentation, teaching, popular this program, which is called Since 1988, the State Univer- group of ANPOF. Sképsis’ science education, and other Interdisciplinary Studies in sity of Londrina (UEL) has first issue will be published cultural projects. It publishes Science and Education. The offered an interdepartmental in 2001, in paper and elec- the journal História, Ciên- program aims to analyze the lato sensu (‘broad sense') tronic formats. cias, Saúde - Manguinhos production, diffusion, and graduate degree in history NEL regularly promotes con- (http://www.fiocruz.br/ teaching of science. The pro- and philosophy of science, ferences and lectures. In hscience), dedicated to his- gram sponsors research and which gives students a pre- 1999 the First Principia Inter- tory of health sciences and dissertations on historical and liminary graduate-level train- national Symposium was science in general. epistemological aspects of ing in preparation for their held in Florianópolis. The The Oswaldo Cruz Founda- the sciences with implica- next level of studies. Stu- second symposium in that tion (which originated from tions for science teaching. dents have undergraduate series will take place in Au- the Manguinhos Institute) Research lines include his- educations in areas such as (Continued on page 12) Newsletter of Page 12 The History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) Working Group

HOPOS-related resources in Brazil Instrumentação (Journal of (Brazilian Society for the Ad- Applied Physics and Instru- vancement of Science) (Continued from page 11) such research among their mentation), and promotes (http://www.sbpcnet.org.br/) gust 6–10, 2001, on the activities. congresses and summer insti- Founded in 1948, this is the works of Bertrand Russell. tutes. largest and most important Associação Nacional de Pós- scientific society in Brazil. Porto Alegre, RS Graduação em Filosofia - Sociedade Brasileira de The SBPC has a long history Federal University of Rio ANPOF (National Associa- História da Ciência - SBHC in the defense of democracy, Grande do Sul (UFRGS) tion of Graduate Programs in (Brazilian Society of History civil liberties, the social re- Philosophy and History of Philosophy) of Science) sponsibility of scientists, sus- Sciences Interdisciplinary PO Box 6133, CEP 13083- For information, contact Ana tainable development, and Group (GIFHC), Latin 970, Campinas, SP (tel (19) Maria Ribeiro de Andrade university autonomy. It pro- American Institute for Ad- 788-8532; [email protected]. (Museum of Astronomy and motes large annual con- vanced Studies (ILEA) br; http://www.that.com.br/ Related Sciences), President gresses (each year in a differ- Universidade Federal do Rio anpof/index.htm) ([email protected]). ent Brazilian state) and pub- Grande do Sul - Campus do ANPOF brings together lishes the journals Ciência e Vale, ILEA, Prédio 43322, graduate programs in phi- Sociedade Brasileira de Cultura (Science and Cul- sala 104, Av. Bento Gon- losophy from Brazilian uni- História da Matemática - ture) and Ciência Hoje çalves, 9500, CEP 91509- versities, and represents such SBHMat (Brazilian Society of (Science Today), which are 900, Porto Alegre, RS (tel programs before the govern- History of Mathematics) similar in level and scope, (51)316-6941, 316-6945; ment institutions responsible PO Box 68, CEP 13500-970, respectively, to Science and [email protected]; http:// for policy-making, assess- Rio Claro, SP (sbhm@rc. Scientific American. www.ilea.ufrgs.br/gifhc) ment, and funding of gradu- unesp.br) This group comprises re- ate studies in Brazil. The The Sociedade Brasileira de For further information on searchers from scientific and Association promotes a bien- História da Matemática Brazilian scientific societies, philosophical fields and other nial congress that assembles (SBHMat) was founded in consult the following web- related areas. It started its Brazilian researchers in phi- 1999 with 80 charter mem- site, which maintains online activities in 1993, and since losophy (and foreign guests). bers. The Society promotes directories of scientific asso- 1996 has been affiliated with The most recent congress research and scholarship in ciations: the Latin American Institute took place in Poços de Cal- the history of mathematics, SBPC: http://www.sbpcnet. of Advanced Studies. The das, MG (October 2000), with special emphasis on the org.br/ group pursues research on with 700 participants. On history of mathematics in philosophy and history of that occasion, the philosophy Brazil, and supports teaching Museums. science through special pro- of science working group had the history of mathematics at jects, discussions, courses, 30 contributed papers. The all levels of schooling. Be- Casa da Ciência (The Sci- and meetings. Meetings take Association publishes a quar- sides regional meetings and ence House) place every fortnight for terly newsletter that features seminars, the Society organ- R. Lauro Müller, 3, CEP planning, discussions, and activities, events, and publi- izes a biennial national meet- 22290-160, Rio de Janeiro, evaluations of projects. The cations of affiliated pro- ing with considerable foreign RJ (tel (21)542-7494; ccien- group publishes the journal grams. participation. The next meet- [email protected]; http:// Episteme: Filosofia e ing, the IV Seminário Na- www.cciencia.ufrj.br) História das Ciências em Sociedade Brasileira de cional de História da Installed in a restored old Revista (http://www.ilea. Física - SBF (Brazilian Matemática (IV SNHM) will house, this center aims at ufrgs.br/episteme/index. Physical Society) take place in Natal, RN, on public awareness of the dy- html). On the GIFHC web- Rua do Matão, travessa R, April 8-11, 2001. The Soci- namics of science, its discov- site, one may find the list of 187, Edifício Sede, PO Box ety publishes several serials, eries, inventions, and histori- members, the group’s objec- 66328, CEP 05315-970, Ci- including a research journal cal transformations. It pro- tives and activities, annual dade Universitária, São (Revista Brasileira de motes interactive thematic reports, and abstracts from Paulo, SP (tel (11)3816- História da Matemática), a exhibitions, performing arts Episteme. 4132 / 3816-2063 / 3818- newsletter (Boletim Informa- events, meetings, and other 6922 / 814-7358; http://www. tivo da SBHMat), and—in activities. A research center Scientific Societies. sbf.if.usp.br) preparation—a journal de- focuses on development of The SPF publishes the Bra- voted to teaching the history techniques and media suit- The following Brazilian sci- zilian Journal of Physics, of mathematics and a mono- able for popularizing science. entific societies are dedicated Revista Brasileira de Ensino graph series. The website features a direc- to the promotion of HOPOS- de Física (Brazilian Journal tory of institutions dedicated related research—or have a of Physics Teaching), and Sociedade Brasileira para o to popular science education wide enough scope to include Revista de Física Aplicada e Progresso da Ciência - SBPC (Continued on page 13) Newsletter of The History of Philosophy of Science Page 13 (HOPOS) Working Group

HOPOS-related resources in Brazil Butantã, CEP 05503-900, Museu de Ciências e Tec- University of São Paulo, SP (Continued from page 12) museu.htm) nologia da PUC-RS ([email protected]) in Brazil and abroad. (Sciences and Technology Museu de Arquelogia e Et- Museum) Museu Nacional da UFRJ Estação Ciência (The Sci- nologia (Archaeology and Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Prédio (National Museum of the ence Station) Ethnology Museum) 40, Porto Alegre, RS (http:// Federal University of Rio de R. Guaicurus, 1274. CEP Av. Professor Almeida www.mct.pucrs.br/mct/ Janeiro) 05033-002, São Paulo, SP Prado, 1466, Cidade Univer- index.html; [email protected]) Parque Quinta da Boa Vista, (tel (11)3673-7022; sitária, CEP 05508 – 900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ [email protected]; http:// University of São Paulo, SP Museu de Ciência e Técnica ([email protected]; http:// www.eciencia.usp.br) (http://www.mae.usp.br) da Escola de Minas acd.ufrj.br/museu) This center of popular sci- Ouro Preto, MG (http:// ence education, situated in Museu de Astronomia e www.em.ufop.br/museus. Museu Paraense Emílio the restored building of a Ciências Afins - MAST htm) Goeldi (Pará State Emílio former textile industry, is (Museum of Astronomy and Goeldi Museum) owned by the University of Related Sciences) Museu de Geociências Belém, PA (http://www. São Paulo and sponsored by Rua General Bruce, 586, São (Earth Sciences Museum) museu-goeldi.br) the CNPq. The permanent Cristóvão, RJ (tel (21)589- Instituto de Geociências, Rua This museum is dedicated to collection features interactive 4965; http://pub2.lncc.br/ do Lago, 562 - 1º andar, Ci- scientific research, manage- demonstration experiments mast/; [email protected]) dade Universitária, Univer- ment of scientific resources related to science, technol- This research institution sity of São Paulo, SP and promotion of public ogy, and information and (under the umbrella of the ([email protected]; http:// awareness about natural and computer science; there are Federal Ministry of Science www.igc.usp.br/html/museu. socioeconomic systems re- temporary exhibitions as and Technology (MCT)) also html) lated to the Amazon region. well. The Science Station houses a museum that is develops educational soft- open to the general public. Museu de Zoologia (Zoology Planetário Municipal (São ware, conducts courses for Research is conducted in Museum) Paulo City Planetarium) science teachers and the gen- museology, science educa- Av. Nazaré 481, Bairro do Av. Pedro Álvares Cabral, eral public, seminars and tion in informal contexts, Ipiranga, CEP 04263-000, 10, CEP 04094-050, São congresses on popular sci- history and sociology of sci- São Paulo, SP (http://www. Paulo, SP (http://www. ence education, and scientific ence, and the social sciences mz.usp.br) planetario-sp.com.br) video and film exhibits. The of astronomy. MAST also Located at the Parque Ibi- website features an interac- sponsors initiatives to docu- Museu do Instituto Biológico rapuera, this planetarium of- tive ‘virtual laboratory’. ment the history of science in (Museum of the Biological fers regular shows and intro- Brazil: the History of Sci- Institute) ductory courses in astron- Instituto de Estudos Bra- ence Archive, which houses Av. Conselheiro Rodrigues omy, and features a collec- sileiros (Institute for Brazil- 17 archives and three collec- Alves, 1252. São Paulo, SP. tion of old scientific instru- ian Studies) tions, including some fifteen ments and demonstration University of São Paulo, SP. thousand documents (texts, Museu do Computador (The experiments. This institute has a large col- charts, photographs, and re- Computer Museum) lection of original documents cordings), the Brazilian Bib- São Paulo, SP (http://www. Publishers. related to the history of São liography in History of Sci- museudocomputador.com.br) The presence of original Bra- Paulo cultural life and houses ence, and various databases. This museum features a large zilian work on history and the complete personal ar- The Library holds 7,000 vol- collection of vintage com- philosophy of science in Bra- chives of the Brazilian intel- umes on history of science puters and related equipment. zilian bookstores is still mod- lectual Mario de Andrade, and popular scientific educa- est, with most titles in print among other valuable collec- tion. The Museum’s website Museu Geológico do Estado being translations from for- tions. makes available papers in the (State Museum of Geology) eign languages. These pub- history of Brazilian science Av. Francisco Matarazzo, lishing houses have (or had) Museu de Anatomia Veter- written by researchers who 455. Parque Ibirapuera, São many relevant items in their inária (Veterinary Anatomy have benefited from the His- Paulo, SP. catalogues. The first one Museum) tory of Science Archive. An listed, moreover, is particu- Rua Prof. Lúcio Martins educational program includes Museu Histórico do Instituto larly concerned with the pub- Rodrigues, Travessa 4, bloco courses, seminars, work- Butantan (Historical Mu- lication of original works by 7, Cidade Universitária, Uni- shops, and reproduction of seum of the Butantan Insti- Brazilian authors. versity of São Paulo, SP experiments in the Science tute) (http://www.usp.br/fmvz/ Park and Laboratories. Av. Dr. Vital Brasil, 1500, (Continued on page 14) Newsletter of Page 14 The History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) Working Group

HOPOS-related resources in Brazil PO Box 6074, CEP 13083- French and English. Nova 970, Campinas, SP (tel (19) Stella was founded by the (Continued from page 13) editoraperspectiva.com.br) 788-1097; editora@unicamp. Institute of Physics at the Center for Logic, Epistemol- Translations published in- br; http://www.editora. University of São Paulo, and ogy, and the History of Sci- clude works of Thomas unicamp.br) is now closed. ence Kuhn, Gilles-Gaston This major university press PO Box 6133, CEP 13083- Granger, Hugh Lacey, Mario has published translations of 970, Campinas, SP (tel (19) Bunge, Abraham Moles, Na- Voltaire, Rousseau, D’Alem- 289-7374; logica@cle. gel & Newman, and Feyera- bert, Diderot, Condorcet, unicamp.br; http://www. bend. Since the late 1960s, Condillac, Hume, Cassirer, unicamp.br/cle/clehc.html) Perspectiva has published Weber, and Émile Ben- Since 1987 this center has the two most traditional book veniste—and many other published the book series series of interest to the hu- titles in history of ideas and Coleção CLE, which consists manities community in Bra- history of philosophy. of original works in logic, zil, Debates (over 270 titles) philosophy of language, epis- and Estudos (over 160 titles). Editora da USP (University temology, and the history of São Paulo Press) and philosophy of science. Editora Rocco University of São Paulo, SP Rua Rodrigo Silva, 26 - 5º (http://www.usp.br/edusp) Discurso Editorial andar, CEP 20011-040, Rio This major university press University of São Paulo, SP de Janeiro, RJ, (tel (21)507- has published many original Mario Schenberg (1914-1990), (http://www.discurso.com. 2000; [email protected]; works in Portuguese by USP theoretical physicist and br) http://www.rocco.com.br) scholars and translations of art critic. Publications include works Translations published in the classical works in physics by Hugh Lacey, Newton da ‘Ciência Atual’ series in- (Newton) and philosophy Papirus Editora Costa, and the journal Dis- clude popular science and (Wittgenstein, Hegel), and R. Dr. Gabriel Penteado, curso (in Portuguese). To- mathematics writings of HPS (Michel Paty, C. P. 253, PO Box 736, CEP gether with the Université Gelernter, Barrow, Hawking, Snow, H. Weyl). 13001-970, Campinas, SP Paris 7 (Denis Diderot), it Gell-Mann, Dawkins, and (tel (19)272-4500; edi- also publishes the journal Weinberg. Livraria da Física (The [email protected]; http:// Épistémologiqes - Philoso- Physics Bookstore) www.papirus.com.br) phie, sciences, histoire (in Editora da UNESP (São University of São Paulo, SP This publisher’s catalogue French and English). Paulo State University ([email protected]; http:// includes translations and Press) www.livifusp.com.br) original Brazilian works in Editora Contraponto Praça da Sé, 108, CEP This new publishing house, history and philosophy of (http://www. 01001-900, São Paulo, SP associated with the bookstore science (Redhead, Ziman, contrapontoeditora.com.br) (tel (11)232-7171; http:// at the Institute of Physics, is Hawking & Penrose, Paulo Translations published in- www.editora.unesp.br) the successor to Nova Stella Abrantes) and psychoanaly- clude Darwin, Einstein, This major university press Editorial. In 2000 Livraria sis. Bohr, Poincaré, Heisenberg, has published translations of da Física began publishing For further information on Bachelard, and Gaukroger. works in physics (David Ru- the four volumes of Funda- Brazilian publishers, go to: mentos da Fisica, including elle, Ilya Prigogine, Roger • Editora Cultrix Penrose), HPS (Gilles- papers on the foundations of Câmara Brasileira do Rua Dr. Mário Vicente, 374, Gaston Granger, Bruno La- physics and proceedings of Livro (Brazilian Book São Paulo, SP (tel (11)272- tour, Paolo Rossi, Paolo the David Bohm Symposium. Chamber), Rio de Janeiro, 1399; pensamento@cultrix. Casini, Anthony O’Hear, RJ (http://www.cbl.org.br) • com.br; http://www.cultrix. Feyerabend), and philoso- Nova Stella Editorial Editoras.com (http://www. com.br) phy (Hume, Norberto Bob- This publishing house pro- editoras.com Translations published in- bio, Cassirer, an abridged duced translations of classic • Associação Brasileira de clude Popper, Lakatos & edition of the Encyclopédie). works in astronomy and Editoras Universitárias - Musgrave, and Bohm. Editora da UNESP has an physics (including Galileo, ABEU (Brazilian Associa- editorial agreement with Newton, Copernicus, Johan- tion of University Presses) Editora Perspectiva Cambridge University Press. nes de Sacrobosco). From (http://www.abeu.org.br; Av. Brigadeiro Luís Antonio, 1987 to 1990, Nova Stella [email protected]) 3025/3035, CEP 01401-000, Editora da UNICAMP (State Editoria published the inter- São Paulo, SP (tel (11)3885- University of Campinas national journal Fundamenta Bookstores. 8388; perspect@netpoint. Press) Scientiae (formerly at Perga- Some of the bookstores in com.br; http://www. Rua Caio Graco Prado, 50, mon), featuring papers in (Continued on page 15) Newsletter of The History of Philosophy of Science Page 15 (HOPOS) Working Group

HOPOS-related resources in Brazil maintains the Academic Net- Sistema Integrado de Biblio- work in São Paulo (ANSP), (Continued from page 14) 275, CEP 01042-914, São tecas da Universidade de which connects universities São Paulo where HOPOS- Paulo, SP (tel (11)231- São Paulo - SIBI (University and research institutions related books can be either 4555 of São Paulo Integrated Li- throughout the State and con- found or ordered include: • R. Prof. Atílio Innocenti, brary System) (http://www. stitutes an important part of 920, CEP 04538-001, São usp.br/sibi). Includes full Brazil’s internet infrastruc- Livraria Cultura Paulo, SP (tel (11)3849- online catalogue of all librar- ture. ([email protected]. 7956) ies in the University, which br; http://www.livcultura. The best place to find all collectively constitute the Coordenação de Aper- com.br/) sorts of books in French. most complete and up-to- feiçoamento de Pessoal do • Av. Paulista, 2073 - Con- date library system in Brazil. Ensino Superior - CAPES junto Nacional, CEP FNAC (http://www.capes.gov.br) 01311-940, São Paulo, SP ([email protected]; http:// Research Funding Agencies. This agency of the Federal (tel (11)285-4033) www.fnac.com.br) Conselho Nacional de De- Ministry of Education • Av. Nações Unidas, 4777 - • Av. Pedroso de Moraes, senvolvimento Científico e (MEC) assists the Ministry in Shopping Villa Lobos, São 858 – Pinheiros, São Tecnológico - CNPq formulating national policy Paulo, SP (tel (11)3024- Paulo, SP (tel (11)3097- (National Council for Scien- for graduate studies, and pro- 3599) 0022) tific and Technological De- motes training and improve- • Rua Domingos Agostin, s/ velopment) (http://www. ment of university personnel Livraria Triângulo nº - térreo (Shopping cnpq.br) for teaching and research. Rua Barão de Itapetininga, Metrô Tatuapé), São The main research funding CAPES maintains a perma- 255 - Loja 23/24, PO Box Paulo, SP (tel (11)6192- agency in Brazil is an arm of nent system of evaluation 2098, CEP 01055-900, São 9400) the Federal Ministry of Sci- and assessment of graduate Paulo, SP (tel (11)231- ence and Technology programs in Brazil. 0922 / 231-0362; trian- Electronic Resources. (MCT). [email protected]. Filosofia & Filosofia da Financiadora de Estudos e br; http://www. Educação (http://www. Fundação de Amparo à Pes- Projetos – FINEP livrariatriangulo.com.br) filosofia.pro.br/). A journal quisa do Estado de São (http://www.finep.gov.br) focusing on philosophy of Paulo - FAPESP (São Paulo This agency of the Brazilian Livraria Belas Artes education, analytic philoso- State Research Support Federal government, consti- Av. Paulista, 2448, CEP phy, and pragmatism. Foundation) tuted in 1967, supports tech- 01310-300, São Paulo, SP Rua Pio XI, 1500 - Alto da nological development and (tel (11)256-8316 / 231- Santista Prize (prestigious Lapa, CEP 05468-901, São innovation, from basic labo- 5764; belasartes@belasartes. scientific and cultural prize Paulo, SP (tel (11)3838- ratory research to commer- com.br; http://www. in Brazil) (http://www. 4000; [email protected]; http:// cial processing. It also sup- belasartes.com.br) santista.com.br/fundacao/ www.fapesp.br) ports R&D infrastructure. Traditionally has a good premio/inframe.htm). Bio- The São Paulo State govern- choice of titles in the history graphical sketches of many ment funding agency spon- Suggested Readings on the and philosophy of science. Brazilian scientists and intel- sors the Brazilian Genome History of Brazilian lectuals. Project and the ONSA Science and Philosophy. Livraria da Física (Organization for Nucleotide Rua do Matão, 187 - Univer- Instituto Brasileiro de Infor- Sequencing and Analysis) Arantes, Paulo Eduardo. sity of São Paulo, CEP mação em Ciência e Tec- research network (http:// Um departamento francês de 05508-090, São Paulo, SP nologia - IBICT (Brazilian watson.fapesp.br/onsa/ ultramar: estudos sobre a (tel (11)3815-8688; livi- Institute for Information in Genoma3.htm), as well as formação da cultura [email protected]; http://www. Science and Technology) the Virtual Biodiversity In- filosófica uspiana: uma ex- livifusp.com.br) Brasilia, DF (http://torio. stitute (BIOTA-SP), which is periência nos anos 60 (A Outstanding for books on ibict.br/socied/index.htm) cataloguing the biodiversity French overseas department: physics and its history and of São Paulo State, charting studies on the making of the foundations. Programa de Informação e its economic potential, and USP philosophical culture: Comunicação para a Pes- defining mechanisms for an experience in the Sixties). Livraria Francesa quisa - PROSSIGA (Program preservation and sustainable São Paulo, SP: Paz e Terra, (franliv@livrariafrancesa. of Information and Commu- use (http://www.biotasp.org. 1994. com.br; http://www. nication for Research) br; [email protected]). livrariafrancesa.com.br) Brasília, DF (http://www. FAPESP was also respon- Azevedo, Fernando de (ed). • R. Barão de Itapetininga, prossiga.cnpq.br/) sible for early internet initia- As ciências no Brasil (The tives in Brazil. Currently, it sciences in Brazil). 2 vol- Newsletter of Page 16 The History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) Working Group

are a part of the history of Frege’s contributions to the HOPOS-related resources in Brazil the philosophy of a science, foundations of mathematics. and hence are relevant to Yes, Frege made a mistake, umes, 2nd edn. Rio: Editora UNESP/CEETEPS, 1995. HOPOS. Some of the arti- yet he also made significant da UFRJ, 1994 (originally cles in this posthumously contributions to our under- published in 1956). Various Authors (Team of published collection of arti- standing of the structure of the Centro Interunidades de cles by George Boolos are mathematics. Boolos tries Fernandes, Ana Maria. A História da Ciência da expository and critical re- to show that "The principles construção da ciência no USP). 500 anos de ciência e marks on Gödel, Russell, Frege employs in the foun- Brasil e a SBPC (The con- tecnologia no Brasil (500 and especially Frege, and so dations are consistent. struction of science in Brazil years of science and technol- this volume is likely of in- Arithmetic can be devel- ogy in Brazil). In: Pesquisa and the SBPC). Brasília, DF: terest to some HOPOI. oped on their basis….the FAPESP, special issue, Editora da UnB, 1990. major part of what he was no.52, April, 2000. Available Although some articles re- trying to do—develop arith- Ferri, Mário Guimarães, and online at http://www.fapesp. quire great familiarity with metic on the basis of consis- Shozo Motoyama (eds). br. symbolic logic, many of tent, fundamental, and sim- História das ciências no Bra- them, especially the ones Various Authors. 60 anos de ple principles concerning sil (History of sciences in dealing with historical fig- USP: Ciências Básicas e objects, concepts, and ex- Brazil). 3 volumes. São ures, require little more than Paulo, SP: EPU/EDUSP, Humanidades. Origens e lin- tensions—can be done, in familiarity with standard 1979-1981. has de pesquisa, perfis de the way he indicated." (p. quantificational symbolism mestres. In: Estudos Avan- 199) Hamburger, Amélia I. et al çados, special double issue, or, at most, second-order (eds). A ciência nas relações vol.8, no.22, Sept-Dec, 1994. quantification over predi- Notice, however, that Frege Brasil-França (1850-1950) São Paulo, SP: IEA-USP, cate variables as well as in- himself was not aware of his (Science in the Brazil-France 1994. dividual variables. As far as accomplishment. Neither relationship, 1850-1950). logical notation is con- was Russell. Indeed, no one São Paulo, SP: EDUSP/ cerned, I was pleased to find until very recently appreci- FAPESP, 1996. Prof. Eduardo S. O. Barra that Boolos prefers the sim- ated Frege’s positive Londrina, PR pler ‘∀x’ to ‘(x)’ and ‘∃x’ to achievement. And so it is Schwartzman, Simon. Sci- [email protected], ‘(∃x)’. not a part of the history of ence and Higher Education in [email protected] the philosophy of mathe- Brazil: An Historical View, The book is divided into matics. Frege’s achieve- 1979. Available online at Prof. Dr. Irinéa L. Batista three sections. Eight arti- ment as such played no his- http://www.10minutos.com. Londrina, PR cles make up the first sec- torical role. Frege’s writings br/simon/wwcenter.htm. [email protected] tion, ‘Studies on Set Theory and his anti-Kantian ap- and the Nature of Logic’, of Vargas, Milton (ed). História Dr. Valter A. Bezerra which only two are directly da técnica e da tecnologia no São Paulo, SP related to philosophical is- Brasil (History of engineer- [email protected], sues. Chapter 2 is a re- ing and technology in Bra- [email protected] sponse to Charles Parsons zil). São Paulo: Editora da on “Sets and classes,” where Boolos outlines his objec- tions to Parsons’ view that the “language of set theory is systematically ambigu- Book Reviews ous.” Chapter 7 is an intro- ductory note to the Gibbs Logic, Logic, and Logic lecture given by Kurt Gödel George Boolos . IX + 443pp. Cambridge, MA: Harvard in 1951, and was first pub- University Press 1998. $22.95 (paperback). lished in Gödel’s Collected Works in 1955. proach of course were influ- ential, but not the achieve- Mathematics is a science. mathematics are a part of The second section is enti- Therefore, philosophy of the philosophy of mathe- ment that Boolos discusses. tled ‘Frege Studies’ and This phenomenon should be mathematics is philosophy matics. Studies about ear- contains thirteen articles, all of a science. Investigations lier investigations into the distinguished from other of which carry some interest (Continued on page 17) into the foundations of foundations of mathematics for HOPOI interested in Newsletter of The History of Philosophy of Science Page 17 (HOPOS) Working Group

Review of Boolos paradoxes as glossed by Ar- sions of space, and the istotle and Simplicius status of Cantor’s CH rela- (Chapter 3), Huggett pre- tive to ZFC and various ex- non-historically-relevant The final section, ‘Various sents selections from Plato tensions thereof remains a cases, such as Leonardo Logical Studies and Lighter (Timaeus; Chapter 1) and live issue today. who did not publish his dis- Papers’, contains nine quite Euclid (Elements; Chapter coveries, or Mendel who various papers, none of As these remarks suggest, 2). This ordering makes it thought he had discovered which is very pertinent to Chapter 3 illustrates both clear that Huggett’s primary something important but no HOPOS. Yet readers will the chief advantages and pedagogical aims are phi- one could fit it into the sci- perhaps find it challenging, most serious shortcomings losophical, not historical, ence of the time. if not enjoyable, to wrestle of Huggett’s book. Hug- and indeed he says as much. Richard Dedekind with Boolos' treatment of gett’s thematic focus allows Chapter 9, which unites Raymond Smullyan's noto- him to consider Elements as readings from Berkeley (De In these articles, Boolos rious puzzles. It is also presenting a theory of space, Motu) and Mach (The Sci- shows how Frege built on worth noting that his classic which (as Huggett acknowl- ence of Mechanics) also Dedekind’s earlier work, explanation (not derivation) edges) was quite clearly not wears this preference for and how Russell tried to of Gödel’s Theorem using Euclid’s own primary goal. thematic over chronological avoid Frege’s error. Chap- only words of one syllable The advantage of this ap- continuity on its sleeve. On ter 15 also considers how is reprinted here. proach is that it allows him the whole, however, the Frege's work differed from (anachronistically) to treat Caution: My copy has sev- readings, which include se- Peirce’s work on founda- Zeno’s paradoxes as chal- eral pages that are only par- lections by Descartes, New- tions, especially the concept lenges to this theory, and to tially printed. Check pages ton, Leibniz, Kant, and of “ancestral.” In other resolve them by treating 410 and 442 before purchas- Poincaré, in addition to the chapters, Boolos comments Cartesian algebraic geome- ing the book. above, are presented in on some of the work of Mi- try, Cauchy’s theory of infi- loose historical sequence. chael Dummett and Hilary nite series, and Cantor’s no- Mort Schragin Putnam, trying here to get Texts and commentaries tion of continuity as supple- SUNY Fredonia the philosophical issues allow the reader to trace ments to that same theory. [email protected] straight rather than histori- with surprising ease the The result is a wonderfully cal issues. course of perennial debates accessible display of the over the materiality of philosophical power of space, its extent and divisi- modern mathematics. bility, and the relative or absolute nature of space and Space from Zeno to Einstein: Classic Readings motion. Inevitably, other themes which might have with Contemporary Commentary. been pursued with equal Nick Huggett (ed.), 279 pp. Cambridge, MA: justification are given shorter shrift. In Chapter 3,

M.I.T. Press, 1999 $22.50. for example, the notorious fifth postulate of Elements I is introduced without com- This is an excellent teaching texts is always insightful ment, only to reappear much text that will doubtless and accessible, though its later as a bone of contention make its way onto the syl- historical appropriateness in Poincaré’s discussion of labi of numerous introduc- may be questioned, and in non-Euclidean geometry tory courses in the philoso- the classroom, probably (Chapter 13). Cantor’s Euclid phy of science, including should be. Continuity Hypothesis is my own. Though one might Huggett does not shy away The text ends, as advertised, simply assumed in the solu- quibble about particular se- from formalism, but still with a reading from Einstein tion of Zeno’s Plurality lections or omissions, Hug- makes sure that all mathe- (Chapter 14, “The Problem Paradox offered in Chapter gett’s compilation has plot- matical expressions are me- of Space, Ether, and the 3. Debates on the nature ted a worthwhile trajectory ticulously explained in plain Field in Physics”). It does and extent of continuity through the history of West- text. Math-phobic students not, however, begin with were, of course, a prominent ern thinking on space. His may actually be turned on Zeno. Instead, before can- feature of nineteenth and commentary on the selected twentieth century discus- vassing the familiar four (Continued on page 18) Newsletter of Page 18 The History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) Working Group Review of Huggett tend to skip this chapter in Space from Zeno to Einstein that would be a tall order in favor of the much more fills a niche in the philoso- any case. (Continued from page 17) thorough treatment in phy of science curriculum, by his discussion. The Alex Levine Kuhn’s Copernican Revolu- and I expect my students problem, of course, is that Lehigh University tion. will profit from it. I can’t this approach rides rough- [email protected] recommend it as a sole text shod over the historical in- Chapter 1 provides some on the concept of space, but tegrity of the primary basic tools for students who sources. This is not neces- have never had a logic or sarily a terrible thing for a philosophy of science philosopher of science to course before, and on the do, provided appropriate whole, it is quite helpful. Making Natural Knowledge: Constructivism precautions are taken. The Somewhat idiosyncratically, and the History of Science. instructor using Huggett’s however, Huggett distin- book should be sure to take guishes between deductive Jan Golinski. XIV + 236 pp. Cambridge: such precautions, lest stu- and abductive inferences, Cambridge University Press, 1998 $49.95. dents be seriously misled. where I am sure that his use of ‘abduction’ isn’t quite Predictably, Huggett fol- Many sociological and phi- studies: the social dimen- what Peirce had in mind. lows standard contemporary losophical standpoints sug- sion of scientific life, the He may have had a reason practice in essentially ignor- gest that science as it has locus (laboratory, ‘the for not wanting to talk about ing everything written be- developed through history field’) and tools of scientific induction, though most of tween Euclid and Descartes. must be seen as a social ac- activity, the enabling and his examples of abduction He does acknowledge that tivity and its products as limiting aspects of scientific would normally be classi- interesting things happened social constructions. In this discourse, and science as a fied as straightforwardly over the course of the nearly relatively short and ex- practical activity—in its inductive. If this text is be- two millennia separating tremely readable book, Go- performance and the repre- ing used in a course in these two, and provides a linski turns the arrow of sentation of its products. which, like my own, stu- analysis in the opposite di- five-page reduction dents will also be exposed rection. He accepts the so- (Chapter 5, “The Aristote- Golinski’s definition of the to readings by Hume, Hem- cial constructivism of scien- lian Tradition”) by way of constructivist view is cen- pel, and Goodman, this is- tific knowledge as a given, apology for not doing them trist: “that which regards sue should be addressed so and his principal question is justice. This brief chapter scientific knowledge pri- as to avoid confusion. rather this: how can we contains several severe marily as a human project, move on to a more realistic oversimplifications, not to Finally, I think a word made with locally situated evaluation of the history of mention sheer inaccuracies. needs to be said about Hug- cultural and material re- science? Buridan’s notion of impetus gett’s treatment of Kant sources, rather than as sim- is described as “at the heart (Chapters 11-12). Readings ply the revelation of a pre- Golinski’s major goal is to of Newtonian mechan- from the Critique of Pure given order of nature” (p. escape the “didactic macro- ics” (p. 87), and we are told Reason (Chapter 12) are ix). He distances himself histor[ies] of science” (p.14, that the philosophical Plato- drawn exclusively from the from epistemological rela- quoted from Fuller (1972), nists were “lead by Introduction and the Tran- tivism and takes construc- 272), and delve into the his- Augustine in the sixth cen- scendental Aesthetic. But tivism to be based on a torical literature from a con- tury” (p. 89, sic.; Augustine given the thematic strengths methodological relativism structivist standpoint—to lived from 354 to 430). of the book, and in light of “which stipulates that all better understand the history Huggett’s goal is to provide his inclusion of the Leibniz- forms of knowledge should and then use that history to students with just enough Clarke correspondence be understood in the same arrive at a “more subtle historical background to (Chapter 8), one would ex- manner” (p. xi). awareness of the complexi- allow them to understand pect some selection from ties of the sciences as crea- certain philosophical roots the Dialectic. The first and This methodological con- tions of human culture” (p. of contemporary mathemati- second Antinomies come to structivism is developed in a ix) than that produced by cal physics, and toward that mind as displaying Kant’s discussion that draws heav- theoretical musings of con- end I suppose a case can be objections to the transcen- ily on Thomas Kuhn. Go- structivists. He achieves made for passing quickly dental realist’s understand- linski’s account of the elu- this goal admirably, by dis- over late antiquity and the ing of space, an understand- sive notion of ‘paradigm’ cussing in a particular his- middle ages. Still, when I ing which, according to stresses its pragmatic sense, use this text in my philoso- Kant, was shared by Leib- torical setting several phy of science course, I in- niz and Clarke. themes common to science (Continued on page 19) Newsletter of The History of Philosophy of Science Page 19 (HOPOS) Working Group

Review of Golinski portance of individual scien- (e.g., Shapin (1984) on strong constructivist models tists, social structures within Boyle), and on the possible can do justice to the nuances (Continued from page 18) which they pursue science, dangers of using the wrong of the scientific endeavor, it and the interactive ways in trope (Wallace’s warnings is unsurprising that Golinski as model problem-solution. which the identities of each to Darwin; cf. Young (1985) concludes that science is Transmission of “how to do are formed. 100; cited p.125). The goal intrinsically complex and it right” occurs within “sub- is to demonstrate that scien- confusing because humans cultures considerably As regards the first period, tific discourse and the fac- are involved in its practice. smaller than all of the prac- Golinski rejects both the tors affecting its diversity He counsels that rather than titioners of a discipline… standard view of an inexora- (or lack thereof) are numer- “regretting the passing of [exhibiting]…forms of so- ble establishment of empiri- ous and nuanced. the comforting old stories of cial life and…situations of cal science (and the scien- scientific progress, [saying controversy” (p.22). tists who were its Masters) In a chapter entitled that] we should…embrace

and a simple constructivist ‘Interventions and Repre- the prospect of entirely new Post-Kuhn developments view wherein some over- sentations’, the medium is ones” (p.206). In his view, such as Bloor and Barnes’s arching social force molded image rather than word. constructivist tools provide elaboration of the ‘Strong science’s development. Go- Golinski discusses the per- for a deeper understanding Programme’ and the contri- linski borrows Biagoli’s ennial anxiety that scientific of history of science and, in butions of Collins and (1992) notion of results may be nothing but turn, the historical insights Pickering are well summa- bricolage—the rearranging artifacts of one’s scientific gained provide a means to rized. Latour’s studies of of pre-existing elements instruments, the consequent fine-tune the constructivist laboratory life (complete (here, material goods and conservatism that emerges approach to science in gen- with microbial ‘actants’) social relations) to achieve when new instruments are eral. receive evenhanded, even desired short-term goals—to proposed, and the subtle overly gentle treatment. Al- portray the skirmishing of strategies used to overcome Ken Jacobs though I would have liked natural philosophers for pa- reticence in the face of nov- Université de Montréal to see here a comparison of tronage and institutional elty. The chapter is well il- [email protected] the latter with, for example, affiliation. By contrast, the lustrated and referenced, David Hull’s (1988) Science latter period is characterized and clearly shows the way Ben-David, Joseph 1971/1984 as a Process, biology fig- by more clearly defined in- in which images inevitably The Scientist’s Role in Society: ures very little in Golinski’s A Comparative Study 2nd ed. stitutional niches. Those are used not just to represent book and, to be fair, the au- University of Chicago Press seeking to fill them submit- but also to define the subject thor already has engaged a ted to more predictable, of study. Anyone familiar huge literature. Biagoli, M. 1992 “Scientific standardized training. Still, with the impact of Darwin’s revolution, social bricolage,

Golinski notes, the dynam- ‘geneological tree’ will well and etiquette” pp.11-54 in: Por- The character of science as ics were more complex than understand the power of ter, R. & M. Teich (eds.) The a social activity is explored simple constructivist models representational manipula- Scientific Revolution in Na- in a discussion focusing on might predict, with indi- tion as Golinski portrays it tional Context Cambridge Uni- two periods: the early- versity Press viduals having a greater here. modern emergence of ex- than often recognized role perimental science—and the Fuller, Steve 1972 “Being in creating and then shaping academies and universities there with Thomas Kuhn: a the niches to be filled. in which it was fostered— parable for postmodern times” History and Theory 31:241-275 and the 18th/19th century Golinski’s assessment of ‘second scientific revolu- scientific communication Shapin, Steven 1984 “Pump tion’. Before reviewing the stresses the hermeneutic and and circumstances: Robert history of science literature rhetorical character of the Boyle’s Literary technology” for these periods, Golinski Social Studies of Science newly-arrived scientific critiques Mertonian 14:481-520 journals, which changed the ‘externalist/internalist’ mod- nature of the community to els—as modified by Ben- Young, R.M. 1985 “Darwin’s which a scholar could plead David (1971/1984)— pro- metaphor: does nature select?” his (much less frequently, Charles Darwin in: R.M. Young, “Darwin’s posing their inadequacy her) case. Golinski focuses Metaphor” pp.79-125 Cam- when applied to the chap- on a few cogent examples of Given his belief that neither bridge University Press ter’s two focal periods. Fur- word use as a ‘method’ to traditional teleological or ther, he underscores the im- get one’s argument across progressivist views nor Newsletter of Page 20 The History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) Working Group

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