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Plagiat Merupakan Tindakan Tidak Terpuji Plagiat PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDEN B.J. HABIBIE (1998-1999): KEBIJAKAN POLITIK DALAM NEGERI MAKALAH Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Oleh: ALBERTO FERRY FIRNANDUS NIM: 101314023 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN SEJARAH JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2015 PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDEN B.J. HABIBIE (1998-1999): KEBIJAKAN POLITIK DALAM NEGERI MAKALAH Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Oleh: ALBERTO FERRY FIRNANDUS NIM: 101314023 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN SEJARAH JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2015 i PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI ii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI iii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN Makalah ini ku persembahkan kepada: Kedua orang tua ku yang selalu mendoakan dan mendukungku. Teman-teman yang selalu memberikan bantuan, semangat dan doa. Almamaterku. iv PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI HALAMAN MOTTO Selama kita bersungguh-sungguh maka kita akan memetik buah yang manis, segala keputusan hanya ditangan kita sendiri, kita mampu untuk itu. (B.J. Habibie) Dimanapun engkau berada selalulah menjadi yg terbaik dan berikan yang terbaik dari yg bisa kita berikan. (B.J. Habibie) Pandanglah hari ini, kemarin sudah jadi mimpi. Dan esok hanyalah sebuah visi. Tetapi, hari ini sesungguhnya nyata, menjadikan kemarin sebagai mimpi kebahagiaan, dan setiap hari esok adalah visi harapan. (Alexander Pope) Dan bahwa setiap pengalaman mestilah dimasukkan ke dalam kehidupan, guna memperkaya kehidupan itu sendiri. Karena tiada kata terakhir untuk belajar seperti yang juga tiada kata akhir untuk kehidupan (Annemarie S) v PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI vi PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI vii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI ABSTRAK PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDEN B.J. HABIBIE (1998-1999): KEBIJAKAN POLITIK DALAM NEGERI Oleh: Alberto Ferry Firnandus Universitas Sanata Dharma 2015 Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: (1) proses peralihan kepala pemerintahan dari Soeharto ke B.J. Habibie; (2) kebijakan dalam negeri pemerintahan B.J. Habibie; (3) akhir dari pemerintahan B.J. Habibie. Metode yang digunakan penulisan sejarah dengan langkah-langkah heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Pendekatan yang dipakai adalah pendekatan sosial-politik. Cara penulisannya bersifat deskriptif analitis. Hasil penulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) krisis ekonomi tahun 1997 dan dugaan KKN serta tuntutan reformasi membuat Presiden Soeharto lengser dari jabatannya sebagai Presiden, dengan demikian Wakil Presiden B.J. Habibie menjadi Presiden menggantikan Soeharto; (2) Presiden B.J. Habibie membentuk Kabinet Reformasi Pembangunan, Kebijakan politik yang diambil yaitu, pembebasan tahanan politik pada masa Orde Baru, kebebasan pers, pembentukan parpol dan percepatan pemilu, penyelesaiaan masalah Timor Timur, dan pengusutan kekayaan Soeharto dan kroni-kroninya; (3) penolakan pertanggungjawaban Presiden B.J. Habibie serta terpilihnya Abdurrahman Wahid dan Megawati sebagai Presiden dan Wakil Presiden Republik Indonesia periode 1999-2004 menandai berakhirnya pemerintahan Presiden B.J. Habibie. viii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI ABSTRACT GOVERNMENT PRESIDENT B.J. HABIBIE (1998-1999): DOMESTIC POLITICAL POLICY By: Alberto Ferry Firnandus Sanata Dharma University 2015 This paper aims to describe: (1) the process of transition from Head of the Indonesian Government Soeharto to BJ Habibie; (2) The domestic policies of BJ Habibie; (3) the end of the reign B.J. Habibie. The method used includes heuristic measures , verification , interpretation , and historiography . The approach used is a socio - political approach . The way of writing is descriptive analytical method. The results of this paper show that: (1) the economic crisis in 1997 and allegations of corruption and demands for reform led President Soeharto to step down from his position as President, thus the Vice President BJ Habibie succeeded Suharto a become president; (2) President B.J. it formed the Development Reform Cabinet, political policy are taken, namely, the release of political prisoners during the New Order, freedom of the press, the establishment of political parties and election acceleration, Completion East Timor, and the prosecution of the wealth of Suharto and his cronies; (3) The rejection of the President's accountability and Abdurrahman Wahid and Megawati's election as President and Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia during the 1999-2004 period marked the end of President BJ Habibie. ix PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI x PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL .......................................................................................... i HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING .............................................. ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................ iii HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ........................................................................ iv HALAMAN MOTTO ........................................................................................ v PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN KARYA ............................................................ vi LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS ......................................... vii ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... viii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ ix KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ x DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... xi BAB I : PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang Masalah ................................................................. 1 B. Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................... 6 C. Tujuan Penulisan ............................................................................. 6 D. Manfaat Penulisan ........................................................................... 7 E. Sistematika Penulisan ..................................................................... 8 BAB II : PROSES PERALIHAN KEKUASAAN DARI SOEHARTO KE B.J. HABIBIE A. Krisis Ekonomi Tahun 1997 ........................................................... 9 B. Proses Lengsernya Presiden Soeharto ............................................ 13 C. B.J Habibie Menjadi Presiden ......................................................... 21 BAB III :HASIL KEBIJAKAN POLITIK DALAM NEGERI PRESIDEN B.J. HABIBIE A. Penyusunan Kabinet Reformasi Pembangunan .............................. 25 xi PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI B. Pembebasan Tahanan Politik pada Masa Orde Baru ...................... 28 C. Kebebasan Pers ................................................................................ 30 D. Penghapusan Istilah Pribumi dan Non Pribumi ............................... 35 E. Pembentukan Partai Politik dan Percepatan Pemilu ....................... 36 F. Penyelesaian Masalah Timor Timur ................................................ 39 G. Pengusutan Kekayaan Soeharto dan Kroni-kroninya ...................... 41 BAB IV : AKHIR PEMERINTAHAN B.J HABIBIE A. Penolakan Pidato Pertanggungjawaban Presiden B.J. Habibie ........ 44 B. Terbentuknya Pemerintahan Baru ....................................................... 48 BAB V : KESIMPULAN ................................................................................... 50 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................... 52 LAMPIRAN xii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI DAFTAR LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1 : Silabus Lampiran 2 : Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Lampiran 3 : Ringkasan Materi Xiii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang Reformasi merupakan suatu gerakan yang menghendaki adanya perubahan kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara ke arah yang lebih baik secara konstitusional. Reformasi dimaknai sebagai perubahan sosial yang diprakarsai dan dilaksanakan oleh semua pihak. Reformasi berkenaan dengan seluruh aspek kehidupan yang berlangsung secara perlahan atau dalam jangka panjang, dan berproses secara alami. Dalam artian tanpa didasarkan pada suatu rencana yang dipercepat. Dalam hal reformasi politik, pendekatan mendekati evolusioner berlangsung pada teknis pelaksanaan kehidupan politik. Tujuannya adalah meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi
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