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Pattern of Hisar`S Agricultural Marketing: Paradigm Changes and Emergence of New Channels

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Pattern of Hisar`S Agricultural Marketing: Paradigm Changes and Emergence of New Channels Asia Pacific Journal of Research in Business Management Vol. 12, Issue 4, April 2021 Impact Factor: 6.737,ISSN: (2229-4104) www.skirec.org Email Id: [email protected] PATTERN OF HISAR`S AGRICULTURAL MARKETING: PARADIGM CHANGES AND EMERGENCE OF NEW CHANNELS VAIBHAV VERMA Research Scholar Department of Economics, KUK DEEPAK SHARMA Assistant Professor, Department of Economics Dayanand College, HisarGJU ABSTRACT The Indian agricultural sector accounts for 18 percent of India's gross domestic product (GDP) and provides jobs for 50 percent of the country's workforce. India is the world's largest producer of pulses, rice, wheat, spices and spice products. India has become the second largest producer of fruit and vegetables in the world. Haryana is a small state in the region but its soil is very fertile. In 2016-2017, Haryana produced around 6.21 percent of total food grains compared to total production of food grains in India. This research paper examines the geographic pattern of production of the main crops in Hisar district and examines the relative position of Hisar district in Haryana agricultural production. This research paper also analyzes to assess the level of trade on agricultural markets for the period 2006-2019. Keywords: E-NAM, APMC, AGMARKNET, Commercial Agriculture, Marginal Farmers INTRODUCTION Hisar district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana. Eastern, Central and South-Eastern Hisar district falls in doab between Dhrishadvati River and Yamuna River. North Hisar district falls in doab between Ghagghar River flowing through Fatehabad district and paleo channel of Dhrishadvati River flowing through the Naenaul tehsil. Western Hisar district is part of Bagar Tract. Wheat is an important crop of Hisar district. It is a Rabi crop. The highest production of wheat in Hisar district in the year 2012-13 and lowest in the year 2007-08 during the period 2006-07 to 2016-17. For agricultural marketing, the most traditional Page 1 Asia Pacific Journal of Research in Business Management Vol. 12, Issue 4, April 2021 Impact Factor: 6.737,ISSN: (2229-4104) www.skirec.org Email Id: [email protected] method is to sell away surplus produce to village moneylenders cum traders. Farmers can also sell their produce in weekly or biweekly markets known as hats. But in recent times, as all villages, particularly in Haryana, have been connected by cemented road with mandis in small and large towns, has become more convenient and profitable to sell produce in these mandies through ‘arhatiyas’. As seasonal purchase centresare also established for wheat and paddy in their respective seasons in villages, which are at a distance from mandis in towns, the significance of weekly and biweekly markets has also been reduced very much. That is why we do not find such type of markets in Haryana these days. At present the agricultural marketing system regulated by Agricultural Produce Marketing Committee (APMC) with the help of Electronic - National Agriculture Marketing (E-NAM) in all State & UTs. It reduce asymmetry information & and transaction costs. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The broad objectives are: 1. To examine the geographical pattern of production of major crops of Hisar District. 2. To assess the changes in the sowing pattern of different crops due to change in monsoon and water table. 3. To consider the relative position of Hisar District in Overall agricultural production of Haryana. 4. To analyze the paradigm changes and emergence of new channelsHisar agriculture. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Vilas B, G. (2017) has stated that agricultural marketing is crucial to the farmers. The paper based on the study of NAFED, its growth of share capital, reserve and other funds, gross and net profit and loss and also business turnover from 2006-07 to 2015-16. The paper has also focused on the type and issues of agricultural marketing and the remedial measures to tackle the problem. The result of the study that main area like credit expansion, infrastructural development, irrigation, warehousing and most important strict lows needed to be improved. Page 2 Asia Pacific Journal of Research in Business Management Vol. 12, Issue 4, April 2021 Impact Factor: 6.737,ISSN: (2229-4104) www.skirec.org Email Id: [email protected] Solanki, S. and Attari, S. (2016) have stated that there are many problem and challenges in agricultural marketing eg. Low level of literacy among the farmers, limited access to the market information and poor infrastructural etc. The study based on descriptive analysis. The result of the study that an appropriate / suitable policy and regulatory environment is necessary. Chand, R. (2012) has discussed various policies related to agricultural marketing since the early 1960s, when important steps were taken for their transformation. The study analysedhow these policies have executed and their relevance, given changing consumption and production patterns and commercial and technological developments. The study based on descriptive analysis. The result of the study that the best marketing model/ policy for consumers and producers where producers sell their products to consumers, either as some sort of organisation or as individuals. Wankhade et al.(2010) have analysed the marketing of Soybean in Amarawati District of Maharashtra. The objective of the paper, to study the price spread, marketing cost and marketing channel of Soybean. The study based on primary data of the year 2006-07. And the data related to marketing was selected from APMC, Amarwati. Total sample size was 120 farmers. It is concluded from the study that Soybean is major oilseeds of crop in Vidarbha region and total marketing cost incurred by different functionaries in consumer’s price was to the extent of 9.98% in which the share of wholesaler, producer, processor and retailer accounted for 4.04%, 3.08%, 1.75% and 1.11% respectively. It was also found that the producers share in consumer price was 72.30%. Landes and Burfisher(2009) have uses a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model with agricultural commodity detail and households disaggregated by rural, urban and income class to know the potential impacts of reforms that achieve efficiency profits in agricultural marketing and reduce agricultural import tariffs and input subsidies. The study based on secondary data. The result of the study that measures to improve agricultural marketing efficiency including strengthening public and private marketing institutions and improving the regulatory climate for private agribusiness investment, may substantially and broadly benefit India’s economy. Page 3 Asia Pacific Journal of Research in Business Management Vol. 12, Issue 4, April 2021 Impact Factor: 6.737,ISSN: (2229-4104) www.skirec.org Email Id: [email protected] Acharya, S.S.(2006) has stated that efficient agricultural marketing and rural credit system are inter-related. Marketing system is the critical link between farm production sector and non-farm production sector. The objective of the study is to identify the main problem in agricultural marketing and rural credit and suggest agricultural policies that can be implemented for strengthening Indian agriculture. The paper is divided into six sections and it based on secondary data. The study suggested agenda for reforms includes, 1) redefining the role of state marketing boards and market committees. 2) repeal of ECA except under emergencies .3) revision in the state APMR legislation. Production and Market Arrivals in Hisar District The share of rice production in Hisar district compared to total Haryana production increases continuously after the year 2013-14, before there were fluctuations in the share of Hisar district compared to the total production of Haryana. We find that rice production in Hisar district more than doubled from 2006-07 to 2016-17. The share of Hisar district rice in total rice production in Haryana was 1.72% in 2006-07 and 3.61% in 2016-17. The share of Hisar district rice in total Haryana rice production in 2016-2017 is the highest, but the highest share of Haryana rice compared to India was the highest in 2009-10. Wheat is an important crop in the district of Hisar. It is a Rabi culture. The highest wheat production in the Hisar district in 2012-13 and the lowest in 2007-08 in the period 2006-07 to 2016-17. The share of wheat in 2012-13 was 5.98% and that of 2016-17 was 3.60%. Wheat production in the Hisar district increased more than twice between 2006-07 and 2017-18. Table 1: Share of Hisar District in Major Crops Production of Haryana (In 000 Tones) Production Rice Wheat Cotton Oilseeds Year Hisar Haryana Hisar Haryana Hisar Haryana Hisar Haryana 2006-07 57.9 3371 138.5 10059 106.5 1805 N.A. 837 2007-08 57.9 3606 138.5 10232 106.5 1882 N.A. 617 2008-09 68.1 3299 363.3 11360 74.1 1862 N.A. 911 2009-10 69.1 3628 532.8 10488 67.6 1919 36.7 862 Page 4 Asia Pacific Journal of Research in Business Management Vol. 12, Issue 4, April 2021 Impact Factor: 6.737,ISSN: (2229-4104) www.skirec.org Email Id: [email protected] 2010-11 86.1 3465 445 11578 91.9 1747 65.7 965 2011-12 89.1 3757 492.1 13119 163.9 2616 36.6 758 2012-13 73.5 3941 665 11117 239.3 2378 25.2 968 2013-14 82.5 4041 425.8 11800 165.8 2027 24.2 899 2014-15 101.6 4006 461.8 10354 92 1943 29.5 706 2015-16 112.7 4145 501.3 11352 38.7 1993 32.4 855 2016-17 160.6 4453 446.2 12382 73.9 2041 24.8 946 2017-18 175.8 4880 483.5 12,263 800 1626 38.7 1122 Source: Statistical Abstract of Haryana, Various Issues.
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