M.EWA,,R_ RESIDENCY. f~AJPUT1\NA. GAZET-TE-ERS:---·

VOLUME II.-A.

THE . RESIDENCY.

TEXT.· COl\1PILED... BY .MAJOR K. D. ERSKINE, I.A.

AJMBR: SCOTTISH MISSION INDUSTRIES CO .. LTD. - 1908. PR-EFACE.

Since t.he manuscript of the following pages was handed O\er to th~ press, the Resident in Mewar has been relieved of the political gupt'msion of Dungarpur, Banswara and Partabgarh, and these three !4t-3tes ~ave been placed under a separate officer styled the Political Agent, Southern St.ate5l. The volume consequently relat-es not onl.'· to the Mewar Residency (as the cover and opening pages suggest) but also to the Southern Rajputana States Agency. The Darl~ns were good enough to tell off the following officials to furnic:h me with all a>ailable information under certain prescribed heads, and I am indebted to them for much nseful assistance in the e."\rlier stages :-Lala Tribhuvan Lal of ; Balwant Ram Chandra, Magistrat-e and Civil Judge of Dungarpur: Sanmukh Ram, Naib-Kamdar of Banswara; and the late Babu Jodh Karan, who was formerly Fauj~ at, Partabgarh. The notes supplied by t.he second and third of the above were kindly checked and amplified by Captains S. B. Patterson and R E. A. Hamilton, who were Assistants to the Resident at Dungarpur and Banswara r~spective_ly. My thanks are al~ due to the Rev. Dr. Shepherd of Udaipur. the Rev. Mr. Outram of Kherwara, and Lieut.-Col. Hutron Dawson, Commandant of the Yewar Bhil Corps, for help in writing t.he concluding chapter on the Bhils. There are three others to whom I am particularly indebted, namely Major A. F. Pinhey, Mr. A. T. Holme and Pandit Gauri Shankar. Major Pinhey's connection with Banswara and Partabgarh commenced as far back as 1886, and continued almost uninterruptedly till 1895; he wa.s also Resident in Mewar from 1900 to 1906 and, as such, in political charge of all the Stat,es dealt with in this volume. His intimate knowledge of these territories and their affairs bas enabled him t{) give me much information which was not to be found either in the annual Administration Reports or in the earlier Gazet­ teet-s: he has further helped me in the historical portion of both Udaipur and Dungarpur. llr. Holme was Assistant tu the Resident Jl from 1904 to 1906 and subsequently the first Political Agent of the Southern Rajputana States.. In addition to these· duties, he intro­ duced the existing l11nd revenue settlements in Dungarpur, Banswara and Partabgarh, and his final reports, from which I have quoted freely, contained a mass ~f new and interesting material.. Last but not least comes Pandit Gauri Shankar, the learned Secretary of the Victoria Hall at Udaipur, than whom there is no more enthusiastic antiquary in . His knowledge of the early history not only of the Sesodia but also 'of the Chauhans, Rathors, Kachwahas ·and others is immense, and he has cheerfully responded to my numerous calls for light and guidance in these matters. ·

K. D. E. CONTENTS.

J ' PAOE•. THE MEWAR RESIDENCY 1

PART I.-UDAIPUR STAT};,

CHAPTER !.-Pltysicnl Aspecfll. Position, area and boundarjes Derh·ation of name Configuration " Hill system "6 River system Lakes .8" • Geology 10 Botany " Fauna 11 Climate ,and temperature .. Rainfall , Earthquakes and floods l2

CHAPTER II. -History, Genealogy of ruling family 13 Migration from Oudh to Kathiawar " Migration to Rajputana ,. Bapa Rawal, the founder of the State 14 The first sack of Chitor (1303) 15 Kiimbha (1433-68) 17 (1508-27) 18 The battle of Khanua (12th March 1527) ~8 The second sack of Chitor (1534) 19 The third and last sack of Chitor (1567) " Rana Pratap Singh I (1572-97) ~0 The battle of Ha.ldighat (1576) " Rana Amar Singh I (1597-1620) 21 The Rana 'submits to Jahangir (1614) 22 Rana Raj Singh I (16fi2-80) ... , The Marathas gain a footing (1745) 24 Treat-y with the British Government (1818) 26 The Mutiny of 1857 ... 27 IV

PAGE. The last well-known case of aati in Mewar 27 Mal1arana. (1861-74) 28 Maharani Sajjan Singh (1874-84) Maharina Fateh Singh (1884 to date). 29" ArchO'ology ... "

CHAPTER III.-The PeoplP.

Population in 18~1, 1891 and 1901 31 Density 32 Town~g and villag~s · Migr.ition !13" Vital statistics , Diseases. ,. ·Infirmities 34 Sex and civil condition Language ... " Castes, tribes, etc.:- {a) Bhils (b) .Mahajans .. . 36 (c) Brahmans ...... " (d) Rajputs , (e) Jats, Qiijars, etc. 37 (f) Minas Religions " " Occupations 38 Food, dress and dwellings 39 Disposal of .dead ... 40 Amusements and festivals " Nomenclature "

CHAPTER IV. -..1gr~eulture.

General conditions Soil classification ... " - System of cultivation " Agricultural population 43 ·The two harvests " Agricultural statistics , P1incipal crops " Fruit and vegetable production 15 Agricultural implements , PAGE. Loans to agricultw-ists 45 Indebtedness " Live stock 46 Irrigation 46 Tanks ... " Wells.- ... 47

CHAI'TER V.-Re1its, Wages and Prices .. Rents ...... - -... 49 Wages Prices ... 50 l\laterial condition of the people .... ,,

CHAPTER VI.-Forests, Mine~ a11d Mine1·als. Fore:;;ts 51 Principal tl·ees " .M anagcment 52 Revonue and expenditure ... " ~lines and minerals " Lead, silver and zinc 53

Copper and iron JJ Building stones Gem-stones 54"

CHAPTER VII.-Arts and Manufactures 1• OommcJ·ce aud 1'rade. Arts and manufactures 55 Cotton-presses, etc. " Commerce and trade " Chief exports and imports 56 Trade centres .. , Internal and external trade •.•• ,"

CHAPTER Vlii.-Commuuications. Railways:- (a) The 1\.ajputiwa-:Malwii. lme (u) 'l'he Udaipm·-Chitor liuc (1·) l'rojcded line:1 " " Iufiucucc of mihlu,y:> 58 vr

PAGF.. 58 Conveyances 59 Ferries , Post and telegraph offices ,

C:aA.l'TER IX.-Famines.

Earlie~ famines, such as those of 1662, 1764, etc. 60 Famine of 1868-69 · , ·:Famine of 1899-1900 61 Famine of 1901-02 • 62 Protective measures ,

CHAPTER X.-.Administration. Form of government .... 63 ' Administratite divisions , Conduct of relations between the Darbar and Government , The tract known as :Mewar-Merwara. ,

CHAPTER Xl.~Legislation and JUBtice.

Legislation 65 State courts " British courts 66 Interatatal courts, 67

(;nAPTER XII.-Fina:&ce.

Finance in former times 68 Present normal revenue and expenditure­ , Financial position 69 Coinage 1· ••• ••'' "

· CHAPTER XIII.-Lan.d Revenue a1td Twures. Tenures:­ (a) Jiigir - 71 (b) Bhii.m ,. (c) Siisan .. , 72 (d) Khal1J1.1. , Fonner re,enne system , The ~;ettll:ment uf l S~J-9~ 73 Vll..

CHAPTER XIV.-MiBcellaneoua Revenue. PAGE. Opium .... 75 Salt ... , Excise 'i6 Stamps "

CHAPTER XV.-Public Works. The Public \Vorks department 77 Average yearly expenditure .. . , Principal works carried out .. . "

CHArr~R xvr.-Ar1ny. State troops, regulat• and irregular 78 Jag'ir militia " Contribution to local corps " The Mewar Bhil Corps "

CHAPTER XVII.-Police and Jails. State pulice. 80 Criminal tribes ••.• " Railway police " Jails ... , s1· The Central jail I I~ Prisons in the districts , t •

CHAPTER XVIII.-Education. Literacy of population 82 History of education " Management, expenditure, etc, 83 Prh·ate schools ... , Secondary education • Primary education " Girls' schools " ... " N~wspapers 84

Cn.urEl!. XIX.--.Medical. Uistory 8.5 Ex1sting hospitals and dispensaries ... .. ,, Management and expenditure ., Vlll

PAG:B rhe three principal ho~pitals 86 Lunatic asyluin · •.. .. Vaccination s; . Sale of quinine ••• ,

CHAPTER ')(X.-Surveys. Topographical survey of 1873-81 88 Local survey of 1879·83 "

CHAPTER XXI.-.M iBce.llaneous. Amet estate ... 89 Asind estate · ...... Badnor estate flO Bagor :pargana ... 91 Banera estate '··· " Banera town 92 Binsi estate , ·.. ·· Bari Sadri esta,e ... 93 estate " Begiin estate 94 Begun town ... 95 Bha.insrorgarh estate " Barolli village 96 Bhilwara. zila 97 Bhilwara town " Mii.ndal tahsil 98 Pur town 99 Bhindar estate ... , " Bhindar town ... " Bijolia estate " Chhoti Sadri zila ... 100 Chhoti Sadri town " Chitor zila 101 Chitor town and fort " Delwiira estate 104 Deogarb estate 105 Deogarh town " Devasthan r.il" 106 village " Nagdi village ... ,, Girwa zila ...... 107 l:X:.

PAGE. Udaipur city 107 Ahar village 110 Gogiinda estate ..... " Hurra. pargana Ill J ahiizpur zila J ahazpur town " Kachola estate 112" Kiinkroii estate ll3 Kanor eRtate " Ka pasan zila " Khamnor pargana 114 Kherwara bhiimat Kherwara cantonment " " Kotharia estate ... ll5 Kotra bhumiit Kotra cantonment " " KiimLhalgarh pargana and fort 116 Kelwara village ll7' Kurabar estate , .Magrii zila Rakhabh Dev village ll8" ., l\Iandalgarh zila ... " Meja estate ll9 Nathdwara. estate , Nathdwara town 120 Parsoli estate Rajnagar pargana 121~· Rasmi zila Sahran zila " I, Saira pargana " Saliimbar estate .... 122"

Salumbar town ... tJ Sardargarh estate ., Bibliography 123

PA.RT II.7 DUNGARPUR STATE. '--- CHAPTER I.-Physical Aspects. Positon, area and boundaries 127 Derivation of name ., Configuration ;, River system , X

PAGE. Lakes, .. 129 Geology ...I .. Fauna..• " Climate a.nd temperature , Rainfall ,

CHAPTER H.-History.

Early history 131 Diingarpur town founded (1358) 132 Rawal Uda.i Singh I (1509-27) 133 T ~e Mughal and Marathii. periods " Treaty with the British (1818) " Mahil.rawal Udai Singh II (1844-98) 13-l .Maharii.w~l Bijai Singh (1898 to date) 135 A.rchaology ..

CHAPTER 111.-The People. Population in IS81, 1891 and 1901 136 Density , Towns and villages " Migration , Vital statistics 137 Diseases and infirmities .. Sex and civil condition , Language " Castes, tribes, eto.:­ (a) Bhils 138 (b) Kalbis or Pii.tels ... " (c) Brahmans .. . " (d) Raj puts .. . , (e) Mabajans •• , Religions , " Occupations 139' Food, dress, houses, etc. , Bhil nomenclature, etc. ,

CBAI'TER IV.-Economic. Agriculture:- Ge11eral conditions 140 Soil classification ... , System .of cultivation ... " :Xl.

PAGE.

Agricultural pt•pulation uo Agricultural statistics Principal crops ... 141" Loans to agriculturi.sts " Li,·e stock and fairs 142 Irrigation " Rents, wages and prices 143 Forest~:' " ~lines and minerals " At-ts and manufactures 144 Commerce and tndtl .. Means of communication " Famines U5

----

CHAPTER V.-AdmiHistratit•e.

Form of go,·ernment and administrative divisions ... 146 Civil and criminal justice , Finance:- In former times " Present re,·enue and expenditure 147 Old methods of taxation " Coinage 148 Land re,·enue :­ Tenures "' t Modes of assessment and collection 151) ~ettlement of 1905·06 ::\liscellaneous reYenue :­ " Opium l!ll Salt ... .. Excise Stamps 152" ~~ unicipal " Public Works " Army.".. " Police and jails " Education 153 ~Iedical :- Hospitals " Vaccination " Rale of quinine ... " Sur\'"eys , xii

CauTER VI. -MiBcellaneoua. PAOF- Diinga.rpur town ... 154 Silgwira tctwn " Bibliography 155

P.ART 111.-BANSWARA STATE.

CB.APTEIL I.-Phy8ical Aspecls.

Position, area and boundaries ,. ... 159 Derivation of name , Configuration, hills and scenery .. River system .. Lakes ... 160 Geology " Fauna ••• .. Climate and temperature .. Rainfall. 161

CB.APTJ.B. H.-History. Early history 162 Foundation of State· {1529) · ••• ~·· " The Marathii period .. ·Treaty with the B.ritish (iSIS) 163 Maharii.wal Lachhman Singh (1844-1905) 164 Mabariiwa1 Shambhu Singh {1905 to date) 166 .1 rchC£ology ,

CHAPTER HI.-The People. • PopJlla.tion in 1881, 1891 and 1901 167 Towns and villages " Migration 168 Vital· statistics " Diseases and infirmities , Sex and civil condition 169 Language ,, xiii

CasteR, tribes, cte. :­ PAGE. (a) Bhils 169 (bj Kunbis 170 (c) Brahmans .. . , (d) ~lahajans .. . " (e) Rajputs " Religions " Occupations " Food~ dress, houses, etc. ,

CHAPTER IV .-Economic. Agriculture:­ Soils ·172 l';ystom of cultivation , Agricultural population 173 Agricultural statistics " Principal crops ... .. Fruits and vegetables .. LiYo stock 174 Irrigation Rents, wages and prices 175" :Forests Mines anu minerals " ~Ianufact.urcs " Commerce and trade " ~leans of cmnmunication , Famines 177'

CIJAPTER V.-AdminiBtrative. Form of government, etc. 179 Civil and criminal justice Finance:- " In olden days ... 180 !'resent revenue and expenditure , Coinage , Land revenue:­ Tenures ... 181 Settlement of 1905·06 182 Miscellaneous revenue ... 183 .Municipal " Public Works ... 1St XlV

PAGE. Army 18-1 ' Police and jails , :Education 183 ~Iedica.l :­ HOtlpitals , V accina.tion , Hale of quinine ... 1S6 Surveys , ---·

CHAPTRR Vl.-.MiscellaneouiJ. Arthiina village 187 Banswara town •• Garhi estate 188 Kalinjara village ... lS!J Kushii.lgarh estate Bi'bliography 191"

PA:R'l' IV.-PARTABGARH STATE.

9HA1'Ttm I.-Physical A.rpect~;~. Position, area. and boundaries 19;) .Cerivation of name . " Configuration and hill system , River system " Lakea· 196 Geology •• Fauna ,, : Climate and temperature " Rainfall •t

CHAPTE:R II.-History. . Early history 197 Rawa.t Pratap Singh (16H-170S) fo~ds the present capital 198 The Mal;'ii.thas ove1·run the country 199 i'reaty wit.h the British (1818) ,, Maharawat Udai Singh (ISG-l-90) 200 Mahii.rawat Raghunath Singh (18\JO to date) h Archr£ology ... " XV

CHAPTER III.-1'he People. PAGE, Population in 1881, 1891 and 1901 201 · Towns and ,-illages " ~Jigratinn " Vitnl Rtatistie'l " Di~eascs and i nfirmitics - 20'2. ~r>x, nge and <:ivil condition ... " Lt:ugu(lgc 203 Ca<.;te,, trihe~, l'te, :­ (n) J:lJi!d " (b) ~Iahiijans , (c) Brahman.., ... , (d) Hiijputs ... (e) Kunbls, etc. " P.cligiou" ," Oeenpation:-~ 204 Food, dre~~ and houses " Nomenclature ... ;,

CHAPTER lV.-Economic. Agricult1;re :-- Uencml comlition,; 205 ~oil das~itieation " ~y;;-krr1 of cultivation " .\~ri,·ultmal population ... 206 •\;;• ieultural sL,tti::;tics , Principal erc•ps 207 Vegetables aml fruits 208 Loan to agriuulturi~;ts " Lh·e stock " Irrigation ... 209 l:L:loU, wages and prices 210 .Forest~ " .\linemls 211 Art,; and manufactures ... L'olllmcrce and trade " )leans of communication 212" Fam~ncs "

CHAPtER V.-Arlmini11trative. I'o1m of govrrnmcnt A·lnJilJistrative divisions " Ci1ilnml criminal justice Xli .

Finnncc :-··, · Revenue and expenditure iu the past a.ud at the pre!'!ent time }'inanc,al position •• Coinage .... 216 Land Revenue :- Tenures 217 Settlement of 1875 .. Settlement of 1906 218 Miscellaneous revenue " Municipal 219 Public Works Army .." _ Police and jails J;;ducation 220" Medical:- Hospitals 221 Vaccination ..• " ~ale of quinine ... Survey!!!' " ·- "

CHAPTER VI. -Miscellaneous. Deolia town Partabgarh town " Bibliogruphy 223

'PART V.-THE BHILS. Meaning of name . ' ••• 227 Origin of the Bhils , Early habitations ... '228 Present strength and distribution ., Various clans and classes 229 Occupations in the past and a.t present ..• 230 Characteristics of the Bhils -- · 231 Superstitions " Habitations, dress and food ... 233 Language 234 Educ~tion " Religion 235 Festivals 236 _Settlement of disput,es " Customs connected with births ·"' 237 Marriage, divorce, etc. 238 Customs at death 241 Jnheritance 242 Corrigenda· to the· Mewar Residency Gazetteer~

VOLUME II.-A.

Pay~: 11. -In the first line for "con~ists" reau "consist." Paw. J9. -In line 13 ft·om the bottom for "ghag1·tZ" read "uhagrti.." Paye .J(j,-Iuline 3 from the bottom for" is" read ".are." l'lfi.JI: .?JO. ·-In line 17 from the bottom for "aimed" ret\d "claimed," TEXT INDEX.

A. 'PAGE. B.

Administration ... 63-64, 146, 179, 214 Babar 18, 93, 115, 122, 133 Administrati,-e divisions 63, 14ti, 179, 214 Barlnor (estate and town) ... 19, 23, 36, 66, Agricultural implements 45, 140, 172, 206 90-91, 102, 123 Agricultural loans 45, 80, 141-142, 174, Bagar (tract} ... 15, 131-133, 159, 162, 177-178, 208, 212-213 ' 187-188, 197, 211 Agt·icultuml statistics 43,140-141,173,,206 Ragh Singh (of Partabgarh} ... 102, 197 Agriculture 42-48, 140-143, 172-175, 20.3- Bagor {pargana and town) 27-28, 36, 6:,, 210 " 89, 91 Ahilr (ri,·er) ... ·- 8, 12, 94, 109-IIO Bahadur Sbii.h.(of Gujarii.t) 19, 93,102,104, Alliir (Yillage) ... 14, llO, 131 133,197 Ahmad Shah I (of )... 132 Bahadur Singh (of Banswara) 164 Airav (river), t'1'de Erau. Baji Rao Peshwi ... 24 Ajai Singh (of Mewii.r) ... 15-16, ll7 Balais ... •.. 35, 37, 138, 170,236 ... 19-21, 89-91, 93-94, 98, 101-102, Bamani (river}.- ••• 7, 96 ll2, ll6, 122, 133 Bamboos ••• 10, 52, 59, 176, 211 Akola (tahsil) ...... 113 Banas (river) ... 6-8, ll, 47, n~. ll4-ll5 Ala-ud-din ·- 14-16, 96, 102-103, 117, 131 Ba.nera (estate apd town} 36, 54, 66,91-92 Amar Singh I (of Mewiir) 21-22, 94, 99, Baneshwar (village) 128, 135, 142, 144, 241 10:), 112, 115,' 12'2-123, 198 Ban-ka-khera. (tahsll) ... •• 106 Amar ~ingh II (of Mewar) 23-24, 99, llO, Bansi (esta.te and town) 92 . 119 Banswara State 1, 6, 15, 67, 79, 127-128, Amct {estate and town) ... 36, 66, 89, 102, . 131, 133, 146, 152, 159-191, 196, ll9 201, 210, 213, 216~ ,228-230, 232, Ametllysts 54 239 Amir Khan 25-26 Banswii.ra town 145-146, 159-162, 167-168, Amusements 40 176-177, 183-188, 212, 2'28. Anii.ji (of Ajmer) 103 Baoris •.. ••• ... 80 Anus (river) ... 159-160, 181, 189 Bapi Riwal (of Mewar} ••• 13-14, 17, 102, Anjani (village) ••• 10, 53 106, 2:28 Anjna (vill~tge) 106 Bara Pal (village} :.. .., 82 Animists 37-38, 82,.137-138, 167, 169-170, Bari (lake) ••• ... ••• 47,ll0 · 185, 201-203, 234-235 Bari Sadri (zila and town) ... 61 34, 36, 66, Anlsalli hills 5-7, 10-11, 15, 18, 21, 51, 58, 93, no 79, 104, 110-lll, ll6-ll7, 120-121 :Barley 39, 43-44, 50, 61, 141, 143, 173, 207- Art·IHrology ... 29-30, 13,1, 166, 200 - 210, 212-213 Areas ~f the States) 5, 88, 127, 153, lim, Barolli (village) . . .. · .. 30, 96-97, 100 • :-- ,. 182, 186, 19.3, ~:!I Bedawal-ka-pal (village) ... 53 Ari Singh II (of Mewar) ... 24-25, 90, 11:.?, Bedla (estate and town) 8, 37, 661 93-94,120 122, 199 Begiln (estate and town) 30,36,51,66,94-95 Army ... 69, 78-79, 152, 184, 214-215, 219 Barach (river) ·- ·-· 6-8, 941 101 Arthiina (estate and village) 160, 166, 176, Beras (stream) 8 187 Bhadar (river)... ·- ·- 127-128 Arts and manufactures 55, 98-99, lOS, 118, . Bhainsrorgarh (estate and town) 7, 11, 34, 120, 144, 154, 176, 211, 223 36, 51, 59, !.15-96 Aryas ... 37 Bhano or Bhina (of Partabgarh) ;.. 198 Asind (estate and town) ... 36, 66, 89-90 Bhawani Singh (of .Banswii.ra) ·-163-164 ' Askaran (of Dungarpur) ...... 133 Bhilari (currency) ...... 69,98 Aurangzeb 20, 22-:.!3, 90-92, 9!, 98-100,105, Bhil Corps 2, 28, 63-6-l, 67, 78-79,.83, 85, 113, us. 119-120. 190 1U-ll6, 152·153, 230-231, 234 n 1NDE.L

B-(conld. ). PAOE. 0-(coned.). PAnE.

BhUs 13, 31-33, 35, 37-40, 4~-43, 52, 61-62, Chitor (zila) ·- 42, 51, 7;,, 77, 101- 67, 78-79, 82, 87, 92, 114-115, 118, Chitori (currency) ...... 64, 69, 148 129, 131-132, 134-141, 143, H5,150- Chonda. (of Mewar) 16-17,36,89, 105, 122 153, 16~-163, 165, 167-17-1, 176-177, Chondawat (sept of ~esodia. Rajputs) 10, 183-185, 181:1-189, 195,197, HI9,:Wl, 36, I:SU, iH-95, 105, 117, 119, 1~2 203-:.!06, 209, 211-212, 218, 2'27-~ Christians ...... 37-38, 107, 1311, 204: Bhilwira. {zila and town) I, 10, 33-34, 54- Climate and temperature ll, Ill, l:Z9, 57, 59, 61, 70, 73, 82-83, ~7-99 160-161, 1!:16 Bhim Singh (of Mewar) 25-26, 69, 89, 190 Coinage 69-70, 98-99, 101, 122, 148, 180- Bhindar (estate anJ town) ••• 36, 55, 99 181, 19~-19!1, 216 Bhiim (tenure)... 49, 69, 71-72, 114-115 Commerce and trade 55-56, 9S, 144, 176, Bibliography ... 123-124, 155, 191,223, 24:! 211-21~ Bigod (village) Ill:! Copper ... 10, 53, 70, 99, 122, 143-144, 176 l$iJa.i Singh (of Banswara) ••• · 162, 164 Cotton 29, 44, 56, 72, 74, 98, 141, na, Bijai ~ingh (of Diingarpur) ...... ••• 135 :206, :lU8 Bijai Singh (of ,Jodhpw·) ... ••• ~ Cotton fabrics 55, 81, 98, 108, 14:Z, 144, BiJai ~:Singh (of .Mewar) 14 1 iti, :lll, :l'/.0 • Bijolia.testate and town) ll,30,51,66,99-100 Cotton-presses ...... a5, 91) .Bika (of l'artabgarh) ••• H17-1!:!8, :t~~ (.;ow·ta of justice 28, 65-67, 146, 179, HJU- .Bir Singh (of lhmgarpur) ••• 127, 13~, 154 191, 200, :ll4-:l15 Boats ... ••• ••• 59 Criminal tribes .. . 80, ~~0 Boraj (village)... •.. 10, 53 Cumin-seed •.. 141,173 :Horder courts... - 67, 169, 237 Currency conversion .125, 148, 164, 166, Bordia. (~llage) 200 .. . 181, 1~9, :ZUO, 21 ti Borsina. {tah~it) ... 1 Uti Customs-duties 29, 55-5o, tiS, 144, 147, botany .10-ll, 51-52, 143, 175-176, 210-211 lti5, 176, UsO, 1ti3, ~U-::.H2, Bounuaries (of the States) 5,.127, 1Q9, 195 :H5, ~1S Brahmans 35-36, 41, 43, 56, 72, 1ill, 13~, 140, 149-150, 169-170, 17i:S, 181-18~. D. 189, 203, 217' 2;$6-~7 Buddhist remains ... 94,104 D aggers ...... •. . ·- 5""• lOS Bufialoes ... 46, 142, 174, 209, 235, 240-24~ Valpat ~ingh {of DUngarpur and Bullocks 46, 56, ISO, 142, 145, 174, ~08-20!:1, subsequently of }'artabgarh) 134, 200 211, 240 Dangis ...... 35, 37, 43 0. 1Jar1awad (estate and town) 8, 11, .;1, titi, , . H16-1!:!7; 19!:!, 212 Camels... ••. 46, 56, SO, 145, 174 Dariba. (village) ... ••• ... 53, tiCS Carbuncles ... •a• ... 54 I Vasa.hra. tfestival) .a• · 40, 11~, 148, :23o Carpet makini ...... 55, 81, 1521 Debii.ri {village/ ... ·- .. ... 5J, 57 Castes and tribes 35-37, 138, IL9-170, ~03 DeJa (of Uii.ugarpur) .• · •.• 132 Cattle ••• 39, ·46, 14:2,-174, ::!0~-~09 Del~ara. (estate and town) 66, 10i-l05,11U Census 31-32, 136, 167, 201, ~28-:2~!ol, :.:!3-J: I Density of population -1, ;U-3:&, li>ti, 167 Chii.kars ...... •...... 35 I lJeogarh ·testate and town) 8, 3ti, 105-lUti Chamars ••.• 35, 37, 169·170, :203, 23ti Deotia. {town) htti-199, ~01, ~11-::Hi, 2U, Chambal (river} ' 6-7, 5\:J, 9ti, Hl6 2'2u-~~~. tiS Chamla (river) 8 Devasthan (zila) lOti Chandori (currency) ... 6!:) Dewall {festival) ... ••• 40, :.:!;-;6 · Chandra.bhaga (rive1·) ••. 89, 1:23 Dhakars 3.7, 37, 43 Chan.i (estat~) · ... 63, 114 Dhaneria (tahsil} ...... lOti Chap (river) ...... 159-160, l8S Dharmada. {tenure), 'Lide Muli.fi. - ,..~ Chappa.n{tract) 6, lti, 37 Vheba.r lake 8-9, 11, 23, 46-47, 51, <~i.i, ~" Chirans 39, 72, :H7, :234 5:.~, 77 Chauhan {clan of Rajputs) ... l4, Hi, ilti-37, Dhfmdia (Jains) . ... 38, 139, 170, 2U4 90, 93, 96, 100, 103, 115, 120, 131, l3S, Digamba.ra ~Jains) ... 38, 139, 170, 20-! ·170, ll:S7-18S, I:;u, 197, 2'29 J)i:;eases 33-3+, 137, 16o, 202 Chanrasgarh {fort) ... ••• ti·i Dispensaries, vide Hospitals. Chhinch lvillage) 176-177 lJi::;posai ot dead ••• ••• 40, 139, 241 Chhoti ~adri (zlla and town) 8, 11, 34, 42, lJivoJ"ce 35, iOJ, ~38 7i>, 100 l01 Dress 39, 50, 139, 170-171, 2U4:, ::.3J-2J4 Chitor {fort and town) 6, 8, 10, 13-17, 19- 1Jllngarpur ~:State 1, ti, 8, 15, ti7, 104, li7- 23, 29, sa-34,<)3, 5o-57, 59, til, ti!l-iO, 'li><>, too, 16:2-163, 173, I7o-177,1o0- 75, 7S, 81-83, 8~-00, ~3, ~S, 101-104, lSI, UH, 1S7-ll:!l:!, :, :dO, ~Hi,:..!~~- 100, 115, ll7, 12'2-1~3, 131, HJ7 . · 2;)0, 2:>-!-:.!3ti, :2~~ D-(contd. ). PAGE. G-(contd.). PAGE.·

Dli.ngarpur town 78-7!l. 127. 12!l, 1~2-1::1:-J, Geologv 10, 129, 16(), 196 136-137, 144-U!i, 14S, Gepa Rawa1 (of Diinga.rpur) ... l!l2 11}2-1.'i4, 22R Gh~t.Riinoa. (villag;e) ... ••. 55, 57 Dwelling!! ... 39-40, 50, 130, 170, 20t, 233 0-hiyiis-ud-din (of Malw!i.) ... · . 18, 1'23 Girii.sias ... 33, 52, 63, 66-67, 114-115, 234. Girwa ('Zila) ...... 9, 73, 80, 107, llO Goats 39, 46, 56, 142, 174, 209, 229, 235, · E. 238, 240-241 Godavari (stream) ..• ... 114 Earthquakes 12 Godwar (tract) 25 Education 82-84, 153, 185, 214, 220, 234- Gogiinda (estate and town) 5, 7-8, 20-21, 235 . 23, '51, 110-111 F:k ling'1l'h (hill) 110 . Gohaditya (of Mewar) 13 Eklingji (taMil and village) 12, 30, 58, Gomati (river) ••• 8, 46 106 Gomati (stream) 8 F:mbroioery ... 55, 108 Gram 43-44, 140-141, 143, 171-173, 175, F:namel work 55, 1'20, 211, 223 206-207, 210, 212 'F:rau (river) 159-160, 195-196 Gujarati (langu!tge) 35, 137-138, 169, 203, Excise ... 76, 147, 151, 180, 183, 218-219 234 Exports 56, 144, 176, 211 Guj~;~.rs 35, 37, 43 Gunpowder ...... 55,99 F. H. Fairs 46, 56, 106, 121, IZR, 142, 144, 154, 176, 187-188, 209 Raldighat (battle of) 20-21, 93, 104, 123 Famines 22, 24, 28-29, 32, 53, 6n-62, 134- Hamir Ringh I (of Mewar)_ 14, 16, 228 135, 145, 177-178, 212-213 H~tmir ~ingh II (of Mewar)... , . 24-25 Farrukh Siyar 23 Haran (river)...... 159-160, 189 F'atch Sagar (lake) 8-9, 47, 77, 109-110 Hari Singh (of Partii.bgarh)... 198, 222 Fateh Singh (of Mewar) 29 Harvests ... 43, 141, 173, 206-207 Faun;t ... ..• 11, 129, 160, 196 Heber (Bishop) ... 97-98, 189, 199,211 l<'emale education ... 82-84 Hemp .. . 44-45, 72, 76, 17q, 206, 208 Ferries 59,128 Hill svstem ... 6, 127, 159, 189, 195 Festivals .. , 40, 236 Hilly ·Tracts (of Mewii.r)2, 5, 31, 34, 61-63, Finances 26-27, ~8-69, 146-147, 166, 180- 66-67, 69, 78-79, 83, 114:116,229-230, 181, 214-216 235,237 FisheB ... 11 ... 37, 39-41, 82, 107, 120, 136-13R, Floods ...... 12, 128, 160 152, 154, 167,.169-170, 184-185, 187- Food 39, 43-4!, 50, 139, 170-171, 204,234 189, 201-204-, 2'20, 222. 235 Forests 5-6, 8, 10-11, 51-52, 91-92, 129, Jlistory ... 13-29, 131-135, 162-lfi6, 197-200 143, 159, 175-176, 180, 195, 210-211 Holi: (festival} . ... 40, 148, 236, 238 Fmits ... 45, 51-52, 143, 173, 176, 208 Hospitals 28-29, 3-t, 77, 82, 85-86, 98,101, 107-tOS, Ill, 114-118, 120-121, 1!i3- 154, 185, 187, 190, 219, 2"21-222 Humii.yiin ...... · ••. . 19 Q. Hurra (pargana and town) 23, 73, 111, 113 Gaclris ... 35, 37, 43 Gahlot (clan of Riijputs) 13, 106, 131, 162, --::-_ -,""' 228-2'29; also vide Sesodia. I. Galiitkot (town) 128, 132-133, 135, 144-145, 148, 154, 176 Ibrahim Lodi... 18 ·Galunrl (t'Lhs'il) ... 121 Id (festivals) ••• 40 Gambhir (river) ... 101 !dar (Rtate) .•• 13 Gangapur (pargana and village of Imports .... · 56, 144, 176, 211- Gwalior) 5, 34, 53, 88 Infirmities ' 34, 137, 168, 20'2 Gangor (festival) 40 Iron ... 10, 29, 53, 56, 98, 118, 129, 143-144:, Gangrar !village) ... 53, 57 160, 176, 211 Garhi (estate and town) 160, 162, 168, Irrigation 9, 29, 46-48. 62-ll:l, 77, 142-143, 177, 181, 185, 188-189 159, 172-175, 205-207, 209-210 Garnets --10, 54, 97, 99 Istimrari (tenure) 217-218 Geb Sagar (lake) 129, 154 !Yory (ba.ngles) 55, 103 ;iv L~DEX.

J. K-(contd.). PAGE • .Jacob {Col. Sir Swinton) ••• 46-47, 62, 143 Ka.ra.n Singh I (of Mewar) ••• 14-13, 131 .Tagat Singh I (of Mewar)... 22, 108-109 Karan Ringh II (of Mewar)... 22, 10~ Jagat Singh II (of:Mewiir) 24, 95, 109, 117, Karan Singh I (of Dungarpur)... 131-13:3 • 123 Ka.rbor (tah.~il J .:...... 106 .Tagir (tenure) 43, 47, 49, 66, 68-69, 71-72, Karjali (estate) ... !l4, 36 78, 80, 138, 140, 143, 146-149, 152, Kf'l wa (formerly an estate)... •.. 19, 89 170, 173-175, 179-184, 188, 190, 203, Kelwa (village) ...... 55 206, 210, 215, 217-219 Kelwara (village) 15, ll6-117 .Tagmal (of Banswara) .133, 159, 162, 187- Khalsa (tenure) ... 43, 46-47, 49, 61-62, 66, 188 68-69, 71-72. 88, 138, 140, 143, 147· .Tahiingir 21-22, 71, 94, 98, 100, 105, 109, 150, 153, 169, 17~-175, 179-183, 186, ' 122, 198,~l 203, 206-207, 209-210, 214-21 :>, 217- Jahazpur (zila and town) 6-7, 16, 33-34, 218, 221 37, 42, 46, 51, 57, 73, 77-78, 81, Khamnor (pa.rgan~~ and village) ..• 63, ll4 111-112 Khandu (estate and village) 160, 164, 181 Jails ... 28, 55, 77, 80-81,85. 108, 111, 152, Khiinua (village in Bharatpur) 18, 93, 115, 154, 184-185, 187, 190, 219-220, 222 122-123, 133, 162 .Tai Mal {of Radnor) ... 19-20, 90, 102 Khiiri (river) ... 6, 8, 90 Jains 37-38, 82, 107, 1~6-139, 167, 169-170, Kherwara (district and cantonment) 2, 11· 185, 201-204, 220, 2'2'.2 12, 32, 34. 51, 53, 56, 58, 61, 67, 71, 78- Ja.i Satnand (lake), vide Dhebar. • 79, 83, 85,· 87, 114-115, 129, 144 Ja.i Singh II (of Mewar) ··' 8, 23, 105, 12'2 Khet Singh (of Mewir) ••• •.. 16-17, 2.1 Jai Stambh (tower) ... 17, 29, 103 Khumli.n (of Mewar) ... 14, 107 Jakam {river) .•. 6, 8, 11, 100, 128, 195-196 Khurram, vide Shah Jaha.n. Janagarh (village)... 200 Kirtti Stambh (tower) •.• ... 29, 104 Jasma ( tahliil) .. . ll3 Kothari (river) .. 6-8, 47, 91 .Ja.swant Singh I {of Dungarpur) .. 133 Kothii.ria (estate and town) ... 37, 115 Jaswant Singh II (of Dungarpur) 134: Kotra (district and cantonment) 2, 8, 11- Jaswant Singh (of Partiibgarh) .,; · 198 12, 32, 51, 56, 58, 67, 71, 78. 82-83, Jats •.. 35, 37, 43 . 85, 115-116 Jawa.n Singh (of Mewiir) ... 26-27 Kotri (tahstl) ... 118 Jawar(tahsil and village) 10, 16, 53, 68, 82, Ki"tmbha (of Mewar) ... 14-15, 17, 91, 103, 117 111,116,197 Jawas (estate) 51, 63, 114 Kiimbhalgarh (par.gana and fort) 5-7, 11- Jba.la (clan of Rajputs) ...36, 93, ~04, llO 12, 17, 21, 34, 51, 61, 63, ';8, 90, Jha.rol (estate) '"' 51 116-117 Jodha (of .Jodhpur)...... ••. 90, 190 Kumhars ••• 35, 37, 43, 203, 206 Jowar (millet) 43-44, 50, 62, 141,206, 208, Kunbis 169-170, 173, 20'2-203, 206 210, 212-213, 234 Kiindian (village) . 121 Jura (estate) 51, 63, 115 Kurabar (estate and town) ... 36, 66, 89-90, Justice 65-67, 146, 179, 214-215 117 Kuraj (taluiil) 100 Kushalgarh {estate and town) 159, 161-162, 164-168,176-177, 179-181, K. 184-186, 189-191 Kushal Singh (of Bariswara) ... 162, 190 Kutb-ud-din (of Gujarat) ... 17 Kachola. (estate and town) 66, ll2 Kuwal (stream) 8 Kagdi (stream) ... 160, 187 Kailaspuri, vide Eklingjl. Kalbhoja (of Mewar) 13 Ka.lbis ... 133-140 L. Kalinjara (village) 160, 164, 166, 176, 179, 181, 185, 189 Labhiinii.s 138, 175, 189 Kalol (stream) . ... 160 Labhani (dialect) 138 Kalyli.npur (tahg'tl) ...... ll7 Lachhman Singh (of Banswii.ra) ... 164-166, ]{anera (tahg'tl) ...... 101 ISO, 188, 190 Kankroli (estate and town) 9, 22, 34, 60,. Lakes ... 8-10, 46-47, 106-107, 109-110, 113, 95, ll3 119, 122, 129, 154. 160, 188, 196, 198, 222 Kanor (estate and town) ... 36, 66, ll3 Laksh Singh or Lii.kha (of Mewar) lfl, 36. Kanthal (tract) ... 197-198, 203 89, 113, 122 Kapasan (zila and town).~ 47, 57, 73, ll3- Lakshman Singh (of Mewar) 14-15, 96, 117 , 114, 121 Lambia (village) 57, 61 IXDE:t. v

L-(co11.td.). P.AGF.:' I M-(rarud.). PAOP.•. ! LmJ revenue ... 47, 49, 68, H-74, 91, 97, 1 :Mewiir-:\lenvara (tract) ••• 63-64 100-101. 107, Ill, 114, 116, 118, 121· Mewar Residency · ••• -· 1-2 122, 13."5, WI, 145, 147-151, lli5, 175, l\fewiir State, 'L-ide . 177-178, 180-183, 189, 200, 207, 210, Mi~ration ••. 33, 136-137, 168, 201, 228 212, 215, 217-21R. Miua Kherar (tract) ••. ..• 37, 111 Lanp-n:1ge ... 3.3,137-138, 169, 203, 234 Minas •.• 35, 37-38, 62, 79, 96, 111, 234 Lasaria. (tahsil) 107 Mines and minerals ..• 52-54, 117-118. Lead 10. Hi, 53, 68, 117 143-144, li6, 211 Limestone... 10, 53, 144, 176, 196, 2ll Mints ... · 63, 69-70, 98-99, 101, 122, Linseed 44, 206-208 148, ISO, 216 Liquor 52, 76, 151, 183, 218-219, 231, 234, Missions (Christian) 38, 83, 85-86, 98, 2."38, 2-10-2-!2 107-108, 110, 114 Literacy of population ... 82, 153, 185, 2'20 Moghias 80, 152, 220 Loans (to agriculturists), vide Agricultural Mokal (of Yewar) ... 16-17, 36, 96, 103, loans. 12"2, 197 Loans (from Government) 69, 147, 177,180, Money-lenders ..• 36, 45, 138, 170, 174, 212, 21!i-216 203, 208 Loharia. (village) ••• 160, 176-177 Moran (river) •.. •.. 127-128, 140 Lunatic asylum •.• 86-87 Mori or Maurya (clan, of Rajputs) ••• 14, 102-103 Mosques ...... 109, Jl2, 154, 200 M. Muafi (tenure) ... 43, 49, 69, 71-72, 113, 119, 1H,·I43, 146-149, 173, ~ladri 51, 63, 114 (estate) ... .. 175, 180-183, 206, 210, Magra (~ila of Mewar) ... 63, 65-66, 78, 117· . 118 215, 217-218 "Iuhammad Shah (of Gujarat) .. 132 ~Iagra (zila of Partabgarh) ... 195-197, 203, Muhammad Tughlak •.. 16 205-206, 208, 210-212, 214, 218, 2'20 Muharram (festi¥al) ...... 40 l\Jahi1bat Khan ... 21, 95, 98. 198, 22'2 Municipal •.. 152, 151, 183-184, 187, .Mahajans ... 35-36, 43, 45, 56, 71-72, 138, 219, 2'.:!3 144, 169-170, 176, 189, 203, 206 Musalmans ... 37-40, 82, 107, 136·139, Mahendr-J.ji II (of Mewar) ... 13 152, 154, 169-170, 184-185, ~Ia.hesri Mahajans ... 36 187, 201-204, 220, 222 Mahi (river) ... 6, 8, 127-129, 132-133, 135, ~luslin ••. 55, 108 142, 154, 159-160, 196, 241 ~ustard ... . •• 44:, 141, 173, 208 llahmiid Khilji (of ) ·... 17, 116-117, Mutiny (of 1857) 27, 79, 94, 109, 119, 123, 132 13-1, 164, 230 Mahmiid II (of Malwa) 18 Muzaffar Shii.h I (of Gujarat) ... 18, 118-119 Maize 39, 43, 50, 61-62, 139- 141, 143, 170-173, 175, 204:-208, 210, 213, 2-U (river) 127, 129 Malcolm (Sir John) ... 129, •13-l, 143, N. 146, 148, 152, 180, 184. 188, 22'2 Malis ... 35, 37, 43, 206 Nagaditya {of Mewii.r) ... 13, 106 l\tilwi (dialect) 169, 203 Nagaoli (tah&Ll and village) 47, 101 Mandai (tahsil and town) ...23, 47, 57, 97- Nagari (village) ... 29, 9i 99, 119 Nagda (village) ... 13-14, 30, 97, 106-107 Mandalgarh (::ila and town) 6-8,16-18, 23, Nagdi (stream) ... 160 42, 51, 73, 78, 85, 118-119, 12-'J Nai (tah&ilj ••• 107 __Ma_t:.~ers Smith (Mr. F. St. G.) •.. 46-47, Nandwai or Nandwas (pargana of Indore) - _, 62, 143 I, 5, 88 Manufactures, vide Arts and manufactures Nathdwiir& (estate and town) ... 7, 34:, 55, Manure ... 43-45, 173, 206-207 57-59, 85, 95, 119-120 :Maoli (tak~U and village) ... 57, 107, 120 Newspapers ...... 84 Marathas ... 23-25, 95, 100, ll3, 117, Nimach (district of Gwalior and canton­ 12'2, 133, 148, 154, 162-163, ment) 1, 5, 10, 25, 27-28, 58, 79, 9-l · 188-189, 199, 2.'JO ~imbahera (pargana of Tonk and town) ~farwari (dialect I ... , 35, 2:14 1, 5, 25-26, 58, 216 ~1edical ... 85-87, 147, 153, 185-186, 221 Ninor (¥illa.ge) ... 200 )Jeja (estate and town) ... 119 Nitawal (estate) 36. ~fenal (village) 30, 95 Nomenclature ••• 40-41, 139, 170, Mewari (dialect) 35 204, 237-238 , Vl INDEX.

o. P..t.Gll:, P-(contd. ). Oooupations; .. 38-39, 139, 170, 204, 2M-231 Pr1ttii'O RiMh IT fof 1\

.R-(contd.). l 1AGE. S-(coned.). PAGE• .. Rivets .. 6-8, 127-129, 139-160, 195-196 Shah Jahan 21-22, 94, 109, 112, · 119, 198 Roads 6, 28, 5S, 1>2, 77, 144-145, Hi2, 176- ~hahpura (chiefship) · ... 36, 91, 112 . 177, Hs3, 212, 219 Shaktawat (sept of Sesodia Rii.jputs) ... 36, Itu(;k-orystal ... 54, 144 !:12, 911, 12:> Ri"1pa. (tr.tbil) ...... 111 Shambhu Singh (of Banswara) ... 1ti6, 179 Ryotwari (tenure) ... 4\J, 72, 143, 14\J, lSi, l:iharnbhu Singh (of .Mewar) 28, 58, 68, 82, 210 91, 119, 123, 1S!:!_ Sham Das (of Dlingarpur) ... 13~ S, Sheep •.• , 41>, 56, 142, 174, 209, 229 ~Sheikhs ..• . ... :lS Sabarmati (river) 115, 129 Sheo (river) .•• 195-196 Siigwara {zila and town) 136-138, 141-142, Sheo Singh (of Dlingarpur) . 146 144-141>, 148, 153-154, 176 tshevnii. or f:)hivnagri (village) .•• 2UO l:iahran (zilu and town} 73, 77, 1:tl Shiahs (MuRalmiins) ... 3l:f, 139, 170, 204 :Sair~~o (llarya11a and VIllage) 34, 51, 63, l:ll· ~k~ ·~ ~ 12:l ~ivrati {estate) 29, 36 :Sajjan Singh (of Mewar) 28-::!9, 82, 91, 1t3 Soap (manufacture of) 55 Saum bhfttu (currency} lii3-lii4, 148, lti:i­ ~Soils ... 42, i3, 101, 14.0, 150, 1 i2, 183, Hl5, lti5, 115, 11l0-ll:H, 19!J, 215-:l!O, 218 205, 21M Salim ::,iugh (of l'artiibgarh) 1!JS-1!i9, 216, Som (river) ... 6, 8, 127-1:!9, 1:35, 142, 11:16 22:l ~tamps •.• 65, 76, 147, 152, 183, 214, 21S l::ult ... 29, 50, 56, 68, 75-76, 144, 151, 176, Sugar-cane· 45, 72, 74, 141, 173, 206, 208- 183, :llO-:.!ll, :llS 20\.J Saliimbar (estate and town) 16, 24, 34, 36, Sunnis (Musalmii.ns) ... 38, 139, 170, 204 51, ti4-!:J5, 1u4, 117, 12:0:: :Surveys ... 8S~ 153, 186, 2'21 Salute (of chiefs) ... :lS-~:1, Jii5, lti5, 2UO ~wetambara. (Ja.ins) 38, 139, 170, 204 ~Samar ~iugh (of Mewil.rJ ••• 14-15 :Swords 55, lOS l:laniar ::,mgh {of .bfmswara)... 162 Sanctuary ... ;;. ·;:., l:lO Saudt;toue ••• •.. 10, 53 l::ianga ur bangram Singh 1 (of 1\lewii.r) lS- T. l!J, tis, su, u3, !:1~:~, 103, lOti, 115, 133 Sungrii.m bingh 11 (of Mewar) :.!3-~4, 2!J, 36, Tanks ... l0-11, 46-47, 77, 92, 98, 102, 111, 91, HIS, 113 114, 123, 129, 142, 152, 160; 174-175, Sanwiir (town) ... 56-57 1S4, 196, 209, 222 :Siir~ongrlevot (sept of Sesoc:lia. Rajputs) 36, Tantia Topi 79, 164 • 113 Teak •. 51, 143-144, 154, 175-176, 210 Sariira. (tahBil and town) ... ••• 78, 117 Tej tiingh (of l'artabgarh) ... l96, 198, 222 l:larw.trgarh (e~>tato and town) 66, 12:0::-1:.!3 Telegraph offices...... 5!J, 145, 177, 212 :Saruar :::,mgh (of .Mewar} ••• -· 27, 91 Temperature, 1:ide Climate. :Sanu tnvt:r} ••• 8, 122 Temples ... 90-91, :!5-97, 100, 102-108, 110 :Sarup l:lhiihi 1currency) ... 69-70 111, 113, 116, 1 LS, 120-121, 12!:!, 13:!, barup :Smgh (of .Mewar) 27-28, 59, 69, 91, 135, 154, 166, 1!!7, 189, :wo, 2:!~ 94, HJ!:!-lO!J, l.L!:J Tenures ••• 4tl, 71-72, 148-150, 181-182, 217 tiiistm (tenure), vide .Muafi. '!'hags . .. • •., 200 l:iat1 ... 25, 27-~8, 66, 132 Thana (estate) ·- 63, 114: bil.want ~ingh (of l'artiibgarh) 134, 1!!9-200 Tij (festival) ••• 40 bt:houls ... ~~-~1:1, ::SS, o:t-1:!4, 91, l:IS-9\J, 101, Til (oil-seed) 44, 141, 173, 208 HJ7-1US, 111, 114, Uti, 118,1~0-1~1, Tinned utensils ••• 55-56, 98 • .-·:t ,.-.z:..,1::i5, 15ii-154, Hi:>, l!i5, 1!:!7-11:11,1, 218, Tobacco ... 29, 45, 56, 72, 144, 176, 188 ...... __ · ,. ~~o. ~:Z~, :.!34 211,234 bcq1catino 53,;:,;:;, 109, 115, US, 144, 154 Toc:l (Captain, afterwards Colonel) 1, 14-H.I, :Sesu«la. (village) ...... • ··• 15 22, :.lti, 33, 40, 53, 55-56, 60, 64, 68, besouia. lc:luu of Hajputs} 15-16, 21-22, 36, 95-98,-103, 111-112, 117, 197, 22~. su, 1:1~, 114-!Jti, 1:19, 105, ll:.!-113, 231, 231 117, 119, 1 :.!, lii1, !iSS, 16~, Trade, vide Commerce. . 170, lll7, 2tm, ~17 Trade centres ••• 56, 98, 144, 176, 211, 222 t:lettlcmcnts 29, 43, 73, ss, 97, JOu-101, Transit-duties 41.9, 55-56, 75, 144, 176, 212 , 107' !11, 114, 118, 1~1. 1:>5, 150-151, Treaties lWith British Government) 16, 26, · l.JJ, 11>6, 1S-·1Mii, lSu, :.Wu, :.!17 -:.!1!:!, ' 89, 133, 163, 184, 199 :lil Tribute (to Government) :lti-~7, 68-611, 1111 Shah },Jam I 23, 19!:!, 216 133-1114, 147, 163-165, 180, 1!.19, 215 bhah .\l. .uu 11 U::>, 199, 216 Troops, vide Army, ... Vlll INDEX.

u. PAGE. V-(contd.). • PAGJC. Ucla or Uda.i Karan (of Mewar) ••• i7, 197 Vii.trak (river) ••• 127, 129 Udaipuri (currency) · 69 Vegetable!'!,., 39, 43, 72, 141, 173, 20M-20{) Udaipur State 1-12.3, 127, 131-132, 136, Yirpur (village) ·••• 200 139, 160, 177; 195-197, 201, 216, 228- Vital statistics .•• 3.3, 137, 163, 2_01-20'~ 229, 23!-235 Udaipur city ••• 1, 5, 8-9, 11-12, 19, 21-25, 33-34, 55-59, 61, 70, 75, 78, 80-s.>, w. 107-110, 144, 198-199, 231 Udai Sagar (Jake) ••• . ••• 8-9, 47 Wages ·- ... 49-50, 55, 143, 17.3, 210 Udai Singli I (of Diingarpur) 133, 159, 162 lV akal (river) ... 6, 8, 115. . , Udai Singh II (of Diingarpur) 134-13.>, 188, 1Valar or walra (culth·a.tion) ... 42-43, 52, I , 200 140, 143, 173, 206 Udai Singh (of Mewar) 5, 9, 19-20, 36, 92, Warda. (stream) ... HJ'G 96, 99, 10'2, 104, 107, 109, ll2 Wells ... 7, 46-48, 142, li4-175, 209-210 Udai Singh (of Partibgarh) •.• ••• 200 Wheat •.• 39, 43-44, 50, 61-62, 141, 143, (village) ••• ••• ••• 70 172-173,175,204, ~6-207, 210,212-21:1 Umed Singh (of Banswara) •• : 163 Widow marriage ... 35, 240-241 Untala {taMit and village) ••. 95, 107, 1~2 Wild animals ... 6, 11 \Vitchcraft, etc. •.. 231-233, 236, 242 Wool .•• 46, 5J.56, 98, 211 v. z. Vaccination 34, 87, 153, 185,.221 Vigdi (dialect) ••• 35, 137, 169, 203 Zalim Singh (regent of Kota.h) 25, 111-112 Vakils· (courts of) 67, 81 Zamindari (tenure) ••• _.. 175, 182 Vallabhacharya 113, 120 Zinc ..• 53, 68, 117