GOvERNORATE PROFIlE overvieW2 MAY 2015 308 IDP families 1%

661 IDP families 29,994 IDP FAMILIES 2% of IDPs in Suly IDP camps 65 IDP families total population: 17,500 individuals1 almost 0% 179,964 IDP INDIVIDUALS 1,747 IDP families planned: 16,800 individuals 877 IDP families 6%i 3% displAceMenT over TiMe3 30,000 SYRIAN REFUGEE INDIVIDUALS 29,994 28,032 40% OF ALL IDPS ARE UNDER 26,129 26,637 2,580 IDP families 14,185 IDP families 813 IDP families 14 9% 47% 3% 21,353 20,943 16,199 553 IDP families 16,828 GovernorATe of oriGin 2% 13,355 14,707

ps l id in ir 21% al a 4,067 f q 2,036 32% o 3,338 % 8,205 IDP families 6 27% 11%

0% 2% 5% 29%99%

MosT coMMon shelTer Type Anbar Babylon Baghdad Diyala inTenTions Ninewa Salah al Din WAves of displAceMenT Govt. Total 79% 21% 89% 8% 3% Sulaymaniya 81% 18% 9% 22% 100% 0% Rented Camps unfinished/ 32% Rania 53% 47% housing 86% 9% Abandoned buildings 0,01% Pshdar 100% 0% Kalar 85% 15% Top prioriTy needs 13% 71% 29% 1 2 3 4 5 Dokan 89% 11% 20% 80% 33%90% 52% 48% Access Pre June 14 14-Aug NFIs Food Other Shelter Return to place of origin Waiting on one or several factors to work (Kerosene) June July 14 Post September14 Locally integrate in current location 1. Iraq - CCCM Camps status report, 28 April 2015. Camp sites nased on REACH report: IDP and refugee camp locations as of 28 April 2015 2.All information, unless otherwise specified, in this report is from IOM’s Displacement rackingT Matrix (DTM) from 28 April 2015 and from field reports of the Rapid Assessment and Response Teams. For more information on the DTM, visit: http://iomiraq.net/dtm-page 3. This graph represents identified IDP families. 1 IOM Iraq Governorate profile: Sulaymaniyah, May 2015 Displacement trends

From the onset of violence in December 2013 until 1. IDPs per district by governorate of origin Overview June 2014, Sulaymaniyah saw the arrival of almost District of Governorate of Origin Total of IDP 40,290 IDP individuals forcibly displaced in the af- displacement individuals Situated on the border with Iran, Sulaymani- termath of Anbar crisis. An additional 59,796 IDP Anbar Babylon Baghdad Diyala Ninewa Salah al Din ah is located in the northeast of Iraq and has individuals were driven to Sulaymaniyah in June Chamchamal 10374 462 936 306 1176 2226 15480 a total population of 1,893,617.4 Along with and July as a result of the crisis. As the con- Erbil and Dahuk, it composes the area admin- Dar- 552 0 12 1560 0 1194 3318 flict unfolded, a number of security incidents fol- istrated by the Kurdistan Regional Govern- bandikhan lowed by the Sinjar offensive in August resulted in ment (KRG). Dokan 6306 504 384 276 1344 1668 10482 the increase of the IDP population residing in Su- Halabja 2556 246 660 774 288 354 4878 Since the onset of violence in December laymaniyah to almost 122,502 individuals, 33% of 2013, Sulaymaniah saw the arrival of new which fled from Ninewa and 30% from Diyala due Kalar 4038 24 1128 43296 12 732 49230 IDPs5 fleeing in the aftermath of three se- to generalized violence. At least 57,462 individuals Penjwin 72 0 78 42 0 198 390 curity incidents: the January Anbar Crisis, the June Mosul Crisis and the August Sinjar fled after August. Pshdar 0 0 0 0 912 936 1848 Currently, Sulaymaniyah hosts 6% of all 2014-2015 offensive. Currently, the governorate is a safe Rania 1602 54 252 462 702 894 3966 haven for almost 180,000 IDP individuals, in IDPs in the entire country, amounting to 179,964 Sharbazher 1800 498 6 858 1410 690 5262 addition to 30,000 Syrian refugees. IDP individuals. Regardless of the period in which they were displaced, the majority of IDPs left their Sulaymaniyah enjoys stable security, which Sulaymaniyah 30768 1266 5802 4194 14010 29064 85110 areas of origin due to generalized violence and was the main pull factor for those who dis- Grand Total 58068 3054 9258 51768 19854 37956 179964 placed there. However, an increasing popu- armed conflict. Notably, very few were evicted lation has placed strain on the local economy, from their properties or faced direct threats. services and local infrastructure, impeding the delivery of basic services and stretching Waves of displacement in 2014 the economic capacity of the KRG to its lim- June-July it. Sulaymaniah was facing problems with Pre June Post August regards to central budget allocation that 9,966 IDP families displaced (59,796 13,313 IDP families caused delays in salary payments. Notably, 6,715 IDP families (40,290 individuals) individuals) (79,878 individuals) the poverty rate in the KRI increased from 3.5 displaced, 77% of displaced, 40% of displaced, 64% of percent to 8.1 percent since 2013. The influx which came from which came from which from Diyala of individuals and deteriorated security situ- Anbar Diyala and Salah al Din ation outside of the KRI resulted in the rise of housing costs by 5,4 percent in Sulaymani- yah, electricity by 11% and the price of fuel by 26,5 percent.6 2014 Sulaymaniyah 2015 Iraq Anbar crisis7 Mosul crisis The Sinjar offensive In January clashes broke June 10, IS seized control of As IS continued persecuting out in after the Ira- Mosul. Terrorists issued a Ninewa minorities, a vast qi army stormed a protest statement that Iraqi Chris- population of Kurdish camp suspected of shelter- tians must ”convert, pay Yazidis sought refuge in the ing insurgents. 80,047 fam- taxes, or be killled”. 79,933 nearby Sinjar mountain. ilies displaced. families displaced. 262,132 families displaced.

4 Figures don›t include IDPs and Syrian refugees population and are based on Gol COSIT (2007) 5. IDPs and returnees are generally categorized in three different groups: those displaced prior to 2006 due to circumstances such asthe first and second Gulf Wars, policies of the former regime, and environmental issues; those displaced after the dramatic rise in sectarian conflict between 2008-2006; and those who were displaced in late 2013 until present due to the armed group offensives that affected Iraq and Syria. 6. According to the World Bank Report, Iraq - Economic and social impact assessment of the Syrian conflict and the ISIS crisis (English), February, 2015 2 7. Ongoing displacement, IOM 2014 IOM Iraq Governorate profile: Sulaymaniyah, May 2015 3. Intentions by districts

100% 0% 0% 3% Reportedly, hosted nearly half of the displaced 11% Intentions 15% 8% population in the governorate, with over 85,000 IDP individuals while 90% 18% 21% 29% In general, there was a prevailing trend indicat- Kalar and Chamchamal districts held more than 64,710 IDP individuals 80% ing that almost 70% of those assessed in Sulay- 48% 47% (36%). The majority of those displaced arrived from Anbar, more than half 70% maniyah wanted to return regardless the wave of which have settled in Sulaymaniyah district. 83% of families who were of displacement. 35% of IDPs who intend to driven from Diyala were currently residing in Kalar, while the majority of 60% 80% return originated in Diyala, while 30% displaced IDPs originating from Salah Al-Din were held by Sulaymaniyah district. 50% 100% 100% from Anbar and 21% from Salah Al-Din. Most of 89% 89% the respondents who indicated desire to return Notably, displacement in the governorate reached its peak in March 2015 85% 81% 40% 79% were accommodated in rented housing. These with over 168,000 displaced individuals, reflecting displacement peaks 71% 30% high figures for IDPs who intend to return were observed countrywide. Presumably, the Ramadi crisis caused by military 52% 53% 20% in part due to the fact that many of them don’t operations that broke out on 10th of April 2015 and were still ongoing in speak Kurdish, an official language of Iraqi May will significantly affect aforementioned figures. As of 5th May, 6,504 10% 20% Kurdistan, therefore faced difficulties in terms 10 individuals had been driven to Sulaymaniyah from Ramadi, amounting to 0% of communication, employment and daily life. 5% of the total population displaced during the latest events.8 In total, 18% of IDPs in the governorate were waiting on 54,306 IDP individuals have displaced to the governorate since the be- one or several factors to determine their inten- ginning of 2015. tions. Presumably, their hesitation reflects the Locally integrate in current location deteriorated security situation in their areas of Waiting on one or several factors origin and the hardships involved with the pros- Return to place of origin pect of local integration due to language and Gender- age breakdown cultural barriers, as over 40% of those waiting were displaced from Anbar, while 25% were dis- Notably, 40% of all IDPs assessed in Sulay- placed from Diyala, both Arabic speaking areas maniyah were under 14. Additionally, there and of a different ethnic background. The vast were nearly as many men as there were women majority of those waiting were renting houses. among IDPs in the governorate. Syrian crisis9 Only a few were staying in camps and aban- doned buildings. 2. Gender-age breakdown was also a safe ha- Notably, in comparison to other districts, Dar- bandikhan, Chamchamal and Rania host a high 18,000 ven for a significant number of Syrian refugees ratio of IDPs from Anbar, Diyala, Ninewa and 16,000 affected by the prevailing crisis, the number of Salah-Din. These district hosting IDPs from which reached 30,000 individuals as of May 5. 14,000 governorates where violence is widespread, Reportedly, refugees were staying in multiple had a higher number of IDPs waiting on sever- 12,000 locations within the governorate, as well as Ar- al factors. Most of them were staying in rent- 10,000 bat refugee camp and Arbat transit camp that ed housing, however Chamchamal, Kalar and Sulaymaniyah districts held a few IDP families 8,000 together held almost 6,000 registered Syrians. living in unfinished/abandoned buildings with 6,000 this intention. Additionally, a very small number 4,000 of IDPs staying in camp in Sulaymaniyah were waiting. 2,000 Only a few families who displaced in June-July 0 2014 from Baghdad and are currently residing 0-5 6-14 15-24 25-59 60+ in Sulaymaniyah district intend on integrating in the area of displacement. M F

8. DTM updates on Anbar crisis as of 5th May 9. UNHCR as of May 5. 10. Monthly narrative report 3 IOM Iraq Governorate profile: Sulaymaniyah, May 2015 shelTer MoveMenT over TiMe

shelTers Due to various reasons such as social differences between IDPs and the host communities, rented houses and camps saw Shelter trends in Sulaymaniyah corresponded the biggest increase in population size in 2015, accounting for with those observed in KRI in terms of the ratio over 45,600 and 10,800 individuals, respectively. By the end of IDPs that were residing in camps and rented of April, an additional 10,800 individuals decided to rent hous- houses. The KRI in general has a low rate of IDPs es. Most of them settled in . accommodated with host families due to differ- Since May 2014, IDPs in Sulaymaniyah have been leaving crit- ences between the ethno-religious makeup of the ical shelters to unknown destinations. Meanwhile, the number host governorate and the displaced population. of families residing in camps began growing again in January KRI, in general has low number of IDPs accomo- dated by host families, of which Sulaymaniyah 2015 as population displacing due to military operations in had the lowest in the KRI. The lack of common their governorates continued to flee to the KRI. Additionally, relatives in the Iraqi Kurdustan pushed most of the number of IDPs staying in hotels in Sulaymaniyah dropped the IDPs to choose private housing, the number by half and almost all families hosted by a local family moved of which has been growing dynamically since the out by April. onset of the latest violence with the largest con- centration being in Sulaymaniyah (42%) and Kalar (31%) districts. This, together with economic cri- 4. Shelters by districts ses originating from the disagreement between Baghdad and KRG with regard to central budget 100% Girl carrying water in an IDP camp, allocation, has soared renting prices. Moreover, Sulaymaniah social disconnection of the displaced populations 90% and their perceived impact on daily costs of living, 80% unemployment rates as well as overloaded servic- es have reportedly resulted in tensions between 70% the host community and IDPs. The governorate had very few families residing in 60% 5. Shelters over time 10841 religious and abandoned buildings, as well as the 25926 lowest in KRI percentage of those living in infor- 50% 813 8016 65 653 30000 2380 1658 808 mal settlement, which was almost 1,5%, while in 498 40% 25000 Dahuk it amounted to 7% and in Erbil to over 22%. Additionally, all families living in camp or hosted 30% 194 20000 by local families were held by Sulaymaniah dis- trict, in addition to IDPs accomodated by religious 20% 15000 buildings and the vast majority of those staying in hotels, as well as 70% residing in unkown shelter 10% 2591 10000 types. More than half of all IDP families staying 2591 0% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5000 in school buildings were living in , while Chamchamal had the highest number of 0 IDPs in abandoned houses. Camp Rented houses Host Families School Building Religious Building Unfinished Abandoned building Informal settlements Hotel Motel Camp Private housing Critical shelters Other shelter type Unknown shelter type

4 IOM Iraq Governorate profile: Sulaymaniyah, May 2015 6. Needs by districts

Grand Total 18% 19% 7% 21% 23% prioriTy needs Sulaymaniya 19% 5% 22% 5% 21% 22% Although the majority of those assessed felt Sharbazher 23% 6% 18% 6% 20% 23% safe in the areas of their displacement, there The majority of IDPs assessed by IOM in Su- Rania 17% 13% 15% 14% 30% were cases of IDPs in Sulaymaniyah and laymaniyah reported they were in dire need of Pshdar 22% 19% 10% 16% 30% Chamchamal districts feeling unsafe. Those access to work (23%), NFI (21%), food(18,5%), Kalar 16% 22% 10% 20% 23% IDPs resided in religious buldings and rented other (18%) and shelter (7%). Need for housing houses. Due to social tensions between IDPs Halabja 20% 5% 12% 24% 29% was surprisingly low in comparison to 19% Iraq and host community, security forces protect wide and 16% in KRI. These needs reflected Dokan 20% 6% 6% 15% 22% 25% them to provide the maximum level of safety. the shelter status of IDPs in the governorate, Darbandikhan 21% 15% 12% 14% 12% 15% 80% of whom were renting a house. Chamchamal 20% 9% 13% 24% 25% Assessed families who were accommodated by a hotel, rented housing, school buildings, and 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% informal shelters considered access to work Food Legal Help Sanitation Hygiene as the top priority need, while those staying Other Health Education 7. Needs by shelter types in camps, religious and unfinished buildings, Water Shelter Housing NFI Access to Income as well as other shelter types indicated urgent 5% 6% 6% 7% 10% 11% need for NFIs. 12% 15% 19% 16% 13% Sanitation was among pressing needs in Psh- In March IOM distributed NFIs to IDPs residing 13% 18% 21% 18% in Gully Shar, Sulaymaniah. 6% dar district due the fact that it hosts the largest 20% 15% 13% number of IDPs residing in abandoned build- 16% ings in the governorate. Additionally, 10% of 24% 22% families currently residing in Pshdar needed 24% 20% 21% education, which is presumably related to the 14% 21% 16% 20% large populations held by informal settlements 21% in this governorate for whom education was among pressing needs. 21% 18% 20% 20% 22% 10% 18% Over 20% of IDPs assessed in all districts indi- 14% 16% 19% cated need for access to income that might be tracked back to the economic difficulties faced by IDPs since the beginning of the conflict, as 28% 30% 28% the unemployment rate among IDPs in Sulay- 25% 21% 25% 24% 24% 22% 23% maniyah reportedly reached 68% as of April 2014. 11

Access to Work Education Food Health Legal Help NFI Other Sanitation/ Hygiene Shelter/Housing Water 11. Ongoing displacement, IOM, 2014 5