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Požární Ochrana 2013 Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava Fakulta bezpečnostního inženýrství a Sdružení požárního a bezpečnostního inženýrství se sídlem VŠB - Technická univerzita Ostrava ve spolupráci s Českou asociací hasičských důstojníků Recenzované periodikum Požární ochrana 2013 Sborník přednášek XXII. ročníku mezinárodní konference Ostrava, VŠB - TU 4. - 5. září 2013 Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava Fakulta bezpečnostního inženýrství a Sdružení požárního a bezpečnostního inženýrství se sídlem VŠB - Technická univerzita Ostrava ve spolupráci s Českou asociací hasičských důstojníků Recenzované periodikum Požární ochrana 2013 Sborník přednášek XXII. ročníku mezinárodní konference pod záštitou rektora Vysoké školy báňské - Technické univerzity Ostrava prof. Ing. Iva Vondráka, CSc. a generálního ředitele HZS ČR plk. Ing. Drahoslava Ryby Ostrava, VŠB - TU 4. - 5. září 2013 Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava Fakulta bezpečnostního inženýrství Lumírova 13 700 30 Ostrava - Výškovice Česká republika www.fbi.vsb.cz Sdružení požárního a bezpečnostního inženýrství se sídlem VŠB - TU Ostrava Lumírova 13 700 30 Ostrava - Výškovice Česká republika www.spbi.cz Česká asociace hasičských důstojníků Výškovická 2995/40 700 30 Ostrava - Zábřeh Česká republika www.cahd.cz Recenzované periodikum POŽÁRNÍ OCHRANA 2013 Sborník přednášek XXII. ročníku mezinárodní konference Editor: doc. Dr. Ing. Michail Šenovský © Sdružení požárního a bezpečnostního inženýrství Nebyla provedena jazyková korektura Za věcnou správnost jednotlivých příspěvků odpovídají autoři ISBN: 978-80-7385-127-9 ISSN: 1803-1803 Odborný garant konference Chairman doc. Dr. Ing. Michail Šenovský - VŠB - TU Ostrava Vědecký výbor konference Scientifi c Programe Committee plk. Ing. Drahoslav Ryba - generální ředitel HZS ČR prof. Ing. Pavel Poledňák, Ph.D. - děkan FBI VŠB - TU Ostrava brig. gen. v z. prof. Ing. Rudolf Urban, CSc. - Univerzita obrany st. bryg. prof. dr hab. inż. Zoja Bednarek - SGSP Warszawa prof. Dr. Ing. Aleš Dudáček - VŠB - TU Ostrava prof. Ing. Karol Balog, PhD. - STU Bratislava assoc. prof. Dr. Ritoldas Šukys - TU Vilnius prof. Ing. Anton Osvald, CSc. - Žilinská univerzita prof. Dr.-Ing. Gerhard Hausladen - TU München prof. Dr.-Ing. Gert Beilicke - Ingenieurbüro für Brand- und Explosionsschutz Leipzig prof. RNDr. Pavel Danihelka, CSc. - VŠB - TU Ostrava prof. Dr. rer. nat. Tammo Redeker - Institut für Sicherheitstechnik Freiberg prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Reinhard Grabski - Institut der Feuerwehr Heyrothsberge doc. MUDr. Cyril Klement, CSc. - Regionálny úrad verejného zdravotníctva v Banskej Bystrici Organizační výbor konference Organising Conference Committee doc. Ing. Vilém Adamec, Ph.D. - VŠB - TU Ostrava doc. Ing. Ivana Bartlová, CSc. - VŠB - TU Ostrava Ing. Petr Bebčák, Ph.D. - VŠB - TU Ostrava Ing. Isabela Bradáčová, CSc. - VŠB - TU Ostrava Ing. Lenka Černá - SPBI Ostrava Ing. Jaroslav Dufek - PAVUS, a.s. Praha doc. Dr. Ing. Miloš Kvarčák - VŠB - TU Ostrava doc. Ing. Miroslava Netopilová, CSc. - VŠB - TU Ostrava plk. Ing. Zdeněk Ráž - TÚPO Praha doc. Mgr. Ing. Radomír Ščurek, Ph.D. - VŠB - TU Ostrava doc. Ing. Petr Štroch, Ph.D. - RSBP spol. s r.o. plk. Ing. Vladimír Vlček, Ph.D. - Česká asociace hasičských důstojníků Vplyv požiarov na vybrané fyzikálno-chemické Analýza rizik strojních zařízení instalovaných vlastnosti pôd 240 v prostředí s nebezpečím výbuchu 298 Sirotiak Maroš Uhrová Ilona Poznatky z cesty po požárních stanicích ve Nebezpečenstvo výbuchu horľavých priemyselných Švédsku 242 prachov 301 Smolka Jan, Kempná Kamila Vandlíčková Miroslava Výsledky zkoušek ETICS podle ČSN ISO 13785-1 Technické prostředky a metody využívané pro ve srovnání s výsledky dosaženými za odlišných vyhledávání osob 304 požárních situací 245 Veselý Václav Smolka Miroslav Poznatky ze zásahu - výbuch s následným požárem Serial Arson - Study of a Phenomenon 249 bytového domu ve Frenštátě pod Radhoštěm Stolt Frank D. v únoru 2013 307 Vlček Vladimír, Němeček Jan Stanovení dolních mezí výbušnosti pro vybrané průmyslové prašné látky 255 Charakteristické príznaky vzniku nelineárnych Stoniš Ondřej, Konečný Martin, Ščurek Radomír foriem šírenia požiaru 310 Vráblová Ľubica, Müllerová Jana Vliv znečištění zásahového oděvu na vybrané parametry ve vztahu k použití při zásahu 259 Meze detekce akcelerantů požáru - problematika Strakošová Eva, Dudáček Aleš, Filipi Bohdan odběrových nádob 313 Vyskočil Marek Posouzení bezpečnostní kontroly na letišti 262 Strymplová Veronika BLEVE - fi rebals case studies in Poland 321 Węsierski Tomasz Chemická analýza práškových hasiv pomocí metody FTIR spektroskopie 265 Experimental Investigations of LEL and LOC: Suchý Ondřej, Buřičová Hana, Dvořák Otto Limiting Explosive Indices of Dusty Mixtures 325 Woliński Marek, Kukfi sz Bożena, Półka Marzena, Analýza přírodních katastrof v oblasti Krkonoš 268 Salamonowicz Zdzisław, Żółtowski Michał Syručková Martina, Foldynová Veronika Pes v spojitosti so zisťovaním príčin vzniku Využitelnost tavitelných konstrukcí staveb pro požiarov 327 odvod tepla při požáru 271 Zachar Martin, Ženiš Tomáš Šamaj Martin, Pokorný Jiří Human Behavior in the Fire 332 Zkušební stanovení teploty vznícení hořlavých Zdravković Martina, Živković Snezana tuhých látek a kapalin za technologických podmínek 274 Zkušenosti s edukací v krizovém řízení 335 Ševčík Libor, Karl Jan, Dvořák Otto Karda Ladislav Simulace nebezpečí požáru při sorpci organických Matematické modelování při návrhu přirozeného par na aktivním uhlí v absorbérech 277 odvětrání jednopodlažního objektu 337 Ševčík Libor, Růžička Milan, Dvořák Otto Kučera Petr, Šaroch Marek Vyhodnotenie stavu zabezpečenia ochrany pred Určovanie druhu konštrukčného prvku podľa požiarmi kontrolovaných národných kultúrnych národnej prílohy k STN EN 13501-1+A1 341 pamiatok v okrese Levice 279 Olbřímek Juraj, Jankovič Dušan Štefanický Branislav Legislativní požadavky na výrobce strojních zařízení ve vztahu k nebezpečí výbuchu 285 Štroch Petr, Pešák Miloš Chytré obleky pro zásahové jednotky 288 Švub Jiří, Beneš Filip, Kebo Vladimír, Kvarčák Miloš, Staša Pavel, Unucka Jakub Civilná a núdzová pripravenosť: pripravenosť na mimoriadne situácie - plavebná nehoda na rieke Dunaj 291 Tánczos Petr, Nagy Vojtech, Čandal Tibor Stres u pracovníků krizového štábu 295 Tovaryšová Ivana, Smetana Marek POŽÁRNÍ OCHRANA 2013 Vplyv požiarov na vybrané fyzikálno-chemické vlastnosti pôd Infl uence of Fires on Selected Soil Physico-Chemical Properties RNDr. Maroš Sirotiak, PhD. samples were detailed characterised by methods reported in Fiala STU v Bratislave, Materiálovotechnologická fakulta (1999). Botanická 49, 917 24 Trnava, Slovenská republika Fire experiments [email protected] The simulation of fi re was carried out in laboratory oven / muffl e furnace by exposing the samples of soil to the heat. The used Abstrakt temperatures were from 100 ºC to 600 ºC and constant 60 minutes Požiar ako prírodný fenomén má významný vplyv na pôdne duration. Samples were located in porcelain boats. They were fi lled prostredie. Prírodné požiare ovplyvňujú pôdne a vodné zdroje, up to approximately 0.5 cm with the exact weight of 10 grams. ktoré sú významné pre mnohé ekosystémové funkcie a procesy. This is the standard procedure used in all our experiments, and is in Cieľom príspevku je popísať zmeny v zrnitosti, hustote a ďalších compliance e.g. with Badía and Martí (2003) or Glass et al. (2008). fyzikálnochemických ukazovateľoch, ktoré prebiehajú v tepelne The experiments with direct effect of fi re (realised with propane ovplyvnených vzorkách. Výsledky sú interpretované aj z pohľadu burner to burn soil surface) is not presented in this contribution. prípadných po - požiarových manažmentových aktivít. Laboratory analyses Kľúčové slová The bulk density (specifi cally weight of soil), defi ned as 3 Požiar, pôda, zrnitosť, objemová hmotnosť. weight of 1 cm pure soil without pores, was determinate by pycnometric methods. Particle size analysis was realized by Abstract standard Novak method. Soil aggregates are dispergating using Fire as common natural phenomenons have signifi cant infl uence sodium hexametaphosphate and moving to sedimentation column. on soil environment. Wildfi res affect the soil and water resources, In the exactly given times and precisely defi ned depth are sampled which are critical to overall ecosystem functions and processes. fractions with appropriate particle size. All determinations were The aim of contribution is to report the particle size, density and realized in triplicates. Detailed description of the used methods is other physicochemical properties changes in thermal affected soil reported in Fiala (1999). Water repelency measurements were using samples. The results are interpreted with emphasis on potential post the Water Drop Penetration Time (WDPT) test, which involves fi re management activities. placing a water drop of distilled water (~0.05 mL) on a soil surface and recording the time in seconds until its complete penetration. Key words WDPT data classifi cation contains fi ve classes of water repelency Fire, soil, particle size, bulk density. persistence: class 1, wettable (WDPT≤5 s); class 2, slightly water repellent (5 - 60 s); class 3, strongly water repellent (60 - Introduction 600 s); class 4, severely water repellent (600 - 3600 s); and class 5, Fires are known to their signifi cantly infl uence on the extremely water repellent (>3600 s). This categorical classifi cation environment. They can increase ability of extreme soil erosion due have been prepared for undisturbed samples of
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