DOCSLIB.ORG

1 Publicity Regarding the Publication Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
1 Publicity Regarding the Publication Of Publicity regarding the publication of the List of Drugs (First Batch) with clear clinical value and inability to recommend reference preparations. Release Date: 20200827. In accordance with the "Announcement on the Implementation of The Evaluation of the Quality and Efficacy of Drug Injection Imitations" issued by the National Bureau on May 14, 2020 (No. 62 of 2020), our Center has selected the List of Drugs (First Batch) with Clear Clinical Values that Cannot Recommend Reference Preparations (see Annex), which is now published on the Center's website. Welcome from all walks of life to put forward valuable comments and suggestions, and please give us timely feedback. Publicity period: August 27, 2020 - September 9, 2020. Contact us at [email protected]. Drug Review Center of the State Drug Administration. August 27, 2020. Annex 1: The clinical value is clear and it is not possible to recommend a list of chemicals for reference preparations (batch No. 1) (draft for comments). Annex 2: Request feedback form.docx. 1 This Translation made by Global Regulatory Partners Inc was made to be used as a helpful resource and should not be used as an official translation of regulatory content. The list of Drugs exempted from BE Studies (in the first batch) (draft for comments). Serial The generic name of the drug. Dosage form. 1 Amino acid glucose injection. Injections. 2 Sodium acetate ringer injection (with sodium acetate Injections. 3 Low calcium peritina dialysis solution (lactate- Injections. ii ) 4 Second sodium propylene sodium injection. Injections. 5 Fluorine(18F) is more injectable than his class. Injections. 6 Fluorine(18F) sodium oxide injection. Injections. 7 Fluorine (18F) Lobepin injection. Injections. 8 Fluorine(18F) deoxygluose injection. Injections. 9 Compound sodium acetate electrolyte injection. Injections. 10 Complex electrolyte glucose MG3 injection. Injections. 11 Complex electrolyte injection (including II-III-V. V. ) Injections. 12 Compound sodium chloride injection. Injections. 13 Compound lactic acid sodium sorbitol injection. Injections. 14 Peritonal dialysis solution (lactate-containing type) Injections. 15 Glycol injection. Injections. 16 Sodium lysate is injected. Injections. 17 Mix sugar electrolyte injections. Injections. 18 Sodium sulfate injection. Injections. 19 Potassium chloride injection. Injections. 20 Sodium chloride injection. Injections. 21 Injection of potassium-magnesium mendonate. Injections. 22 Potassium mendonate injection. Injections. 23 Sodium potassium magnesium calcium glucose Injections. 24 Sodium chloride injection. Injections. 25 Sodium chloride injection of glucose. Injections. 2 This Translation made by Global Regulatory Partners Inc was made to be used as a helpful resource and should not be used as an official translation of regulatory content. Serial The generic name of the drug. Dosage form. 26 Sodium chloride injection of calcium glucosate. Injections. 27 Glucose injection. Injections. 28 Sodium lactic acid ringer injection. Injections. 29 Sodium bicarbonate ringer injection. Injections. 30 Sodium bicarbonate injection. Injections. 31 Vitamin B12 injection. Injections. 32 VitaminB 1 injection. Injections. 33 Vitamin B6 injection. Injections. 34 Vitamin C injection. Injections. 35 Waterless ethanol injection. Injections. 36 Children's compound electrolyte injections. Injections. 37 Hydrochloric morphine injection. Injections. 38 Water for injection. Injections. 39 Convert sugar electrolyte injections. Injections. 40 Convert sugar injections. Injections. 41 Anaminophen deoxynephrine tablets. Tablets. 42 Coenzyme Q10 tablets. Tablets. 43 Compound aminophen renin tablets. Tablets. 44 Compound digestive enzyme tablets. Tablets. 45 Polycapo non-calcium tablets. Tablets. 46 Caffeine tablets. Tablets. 47 Phosphoric acid canine tablets. Tablets. 48 Sulphuric acid morphine tablets. Tablets. 49 Zinc sulfate tablets. Tablets. 50 Aluminium magnesium plus chewing tablets. Tablets. 51 Glucose electrolyte foam flakes. Tablets. 52 Calcium glucosate tablets. Tablets. Calcium carbonateD 3 chewing tablets (containing 53 Tablets. calciumcarbonate D 3 chewing tablets II). 54 Calcium carbonateD 3 tablets. Tablets. 55 Calcium carbonate chewing tablets. Tablets. 3 This Translation made by Global Regulatory Partners Inc was made to be used as a helpful resource and should not be used as an official translation of regulatory content. Serial The generic name of the drug. Dosage form. 56 Sodium bicarbonate tablets. Tablets. 57 ViD2 calcium phosphate chewing tablets. Tablets. ViD calcium chewing tablets (including children's 58 Tablets. vitamin D calcium chewing tablets) 59 Vitamin B1 tablets. Tablets. 60 Vitamin B2 tablets. Tablets. 61 Vitamin B6 tablets. Tablets. 62 Vitamin C foam tablets. Tablets. 63 Vitamin C tablets. Tablets. Hydrochloric morphine tablets (slow release tablets 64 Tablets. containing hydrochloric acid morphine) 65 Folic acid flakes (0.4mg) Tablets. Complex polyethyl glycol electrolyte dispersion (I- 66 Powder. II-III.IV) III., IV) 67 Polyethyl glycol sodium potassium dispersion. Powder. 68 Oral Rehydration Salt Dispersion (I-II-III) Powder. Calcium carbonateD 3 particles (including calcium 69 Particulate agent. carbonate D3 particles). 70 Wheat cellulose particles. Particulate agent. Right methafin more invasive glycerother swallows 71 Particulate agent. particles. The more invasive glyceroether swallows the 72 Particulate agent. particles. 73 Aminophen softgels. Capsules. 74 Aminol meth softgel. Capsules. 75 Coenzyme Q10 capsule. Capsules. 76 Treatment with iodine(131I) sodium oxide capsules. Capsules. 77 Amino glucose oral solid preparation. Oral solid i 78 Acetaminophen dry suspension agent. Dry suspension. 79 Oral solution of phenylalanine. Oral solution. 80 An oral solution of aminophen safin. Oral solution. 81 Oral solution of amino nephrin. Oral solution. 4 This Translation made by Global Regulatory Partners Inc was made to be used as a helpful resource and should not be used as an official translation of regulatory content. Serial The generic name of the drug. Dosage form. 82 Compound ammonia meth oral solution. Oral solution. 83 Compound hydrobromobromoic acid right methafin Oral solution. 84 Compound zinc iron calcium oral solution. Oral solution. 85 Oral solution of sodium phosphate. Oral solution. Calcium glucosate oral solution (containing compound 86 Oral solution. calcium glucosate oral solution) 87 Oral solution of calcium glucosate zinc. Oral solution. 88 New oral solution of hemophenol bromine. Oral solution. 89 Fumaric acid iron suspension. Mixed suspension. 90 Aluminum magnesium mixed suspension. Mixed suspension. 91 Multi-dimensional lysine syrup. Syrup. 92 Mefinamide ammonium syrup. Syrup. 93 Children's hydrobromobromoic acid right methafin Membrane agent. b 94 Polyethylene alcohol eye drops. Eye preparations. 95 Sodium chloride eye drops. Eye preparations. 96 Hydroxyglyceride glycelin eye drops. Eye preparations. 97 Aseptic water eye wash. Eye preparations. Right-hand glyceride hydroxypropylene cellulose 98 Eye preparations. drops. 99 Compound polyciscosin B ointment. Emulsion. 100 Hydroquinone cream. Emulsion. 101 Mint brain gel. Gel. 102 Kapom production channel gel. Gel. 103 Benza chlorammonium solution. Solution. 104 Anticoagulant blood with sodium acid solution. Solution. 105 Balanced salt solution (for perfusion) Solution. 106 Chloroporamine solution of glucosic acid. Solution. 107 Blood preservation fluid (I) Solution. 108 The blood filters the replacement base fluid. Solution. 109 Kaiserus (including complex Kaiserus) enemas. 110 Hydrated chloralal enema. enemas. 5 This Translation made by Global Regulatory Partners Inc was made to be used as a helpful resource and should not be used as an official translation of regulatory content. Serial The generic name of the drug. Dosage form. 111 Rinse fluid for cerebrospinal surgery. Rinse agent. 112 Balance the salt rinse. Rinse agent. 113 Sorbitol Glycol Rinse (Sorbitol Glycol Rinse) Rinse agent. 114 Methyl nitrosamine chlorohisitamine wasosterone. Lotion. 115 Inhale a solution of sodium chloride. Inhale the solution. 116 Willow camphor. The agent. 117 Oxygen. Gas. Undelievers not listed in China shall be subject to the relevant requirements of the original General Administration Notice No. 230 of 2015, and the Note. generic name and dosage form of the drug shall prevail after approval by the Pharmacopeia Commission. 6 This Translation made by Global Regulatory Partners Inc was made to be used as a helpful resource and should not be used as an official translation of regulatory content. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Needle Sharing Among Intravenous Drug Abusers: National and International Perspectives
    Needle Sharing Among Intravenous Drug Abusers: National and International Perspectives U. S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES • Public Health Service • Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration Needle Sharing Among Intravenous Drug Abusers: National and International Perspectives Editors: Robert J. Battjes, D.S.W. Roy W. Pickens, Ph.D. Division of Clinical Research National Institute on Drug Abuse NIDA Research Monograph 80 1988 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration National Institute on Drug Abuse 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, MD 20857 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 20402 NIDA Research Monographs are prepared by the research divisions of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and published by its Office of Science. The primary objective of the series is to provide critical reviews of research problem areas and techniques, the content of state-of-the-art conferences, and integrative research reviews. Its dual publication emphasis is rapid and targeted dissemination to the scientific and professional community. Editorial Advisors MARTIN W. ADLER, Ph.D. MARY L. JACOBSON Temple University School of Medrcrne National Federation of Parents for Philadelphia. Pennsylvania Drug-Free Youth Omaha, Nebraska SYDNEY ARCHER, Ph.D. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy, New York REESE T. JONES, M.D. Langley Porter Neuropsychiatric lnstitute RICHARD E. BELLEVILLE. Ph.D. San Francisco, California NB Associates, Health Sciences RockviIle, Maryland DENISE KANDEL, Ph.D. KARST J. BESTEMAN College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alcohol and Drug Problems Association Columbia University of North America New York, New York Washington, D.
    [Show full text]
  • Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease and Blood–Brain Barrier Drug Delivery
    pharmaceuticals Review Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease and Blood–Brain Barrier Drug Delivery William M. Pardridge Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA; [email protected] Received: 24 October 2020; Accepted: 13 November 2020; Published: 16 November 2020 Abstract: Despite the enormity of the societal and health burdens caused by Alzheimer’s disease (AD), there have been no FDA approvals for new therapeutics for AD since 2003. This profound lack of progress in treatment of AD is due to dual problems, both related to the blood–brain barrier (BBB). First, 98% of small molecule drugs do not cross the BBB, and ~100% of biologic drugs do not cross the BBB, so BBB drug delivery technology is needed in AD drug development. Second, the pharmaceutical industry has not developed BBB drug delivery technology, which would enable industry to invent new therapeutics for AD that actually penetrate into brain parenchyma from blood. In 2020, less than 1% of all AD drug development projects use a BBB drug delivery technology. The pathogenesis of AD involves chronic neuro-inflammation, the progressive deposition of insoluble amyloid-beta or tau aggregates, and neural degeneration. New drugs that both attack these multiple sites in AD, and that have been coupled with BBB drug delivery technology, can lead to new and effective treatments of this serious disorder. Keywords: blood–brain barrier; brain drug delivery; drug targeting; endothelium; Alzheimer’s disease; therapeutic antibodies; neurotrophins; TNF inhibitors 1. Introduction Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) afflicts over 50 million people world-wide, and this health burden costs over 1% of global GDP [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Anthrax Immune Globulin Intravenous with Antimicrobial Treatment in Injection Drug Users, Scotland, 2009–2010 Xizhong Cui,1 Leisha D
    RESEARCH Analysis of Anthrax Immune Globulin Intravenous with Antimicrobial Treatment in Injection Drug Users, Scotland, 2009–2010 Xizhong Cui,1 Leisha D. Nolen,1 Junfeng Sun, Malcolm Booth, Lindsay Donaldson, Conrad P. Quinn, Anne E. Boyer, Katherine Hendricks, Sean Shadomy, Pieter Bothma, Owen Judd, Paul McConnell, William A. Bower, Peter Q. Eichacker This activity has been planned and implemented through the joint providership of Medscape, LLC and Emerging Infectious Diseases. Medscape, LLC is accredited by the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team. Medscape, LLC designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. All other clinicians completing this activity will be issued a certificate of participation. To participate in this journal CME activity: (1) review the learning objectives and author disclosures; (2) study the education content; (3) take the post-test with a 75% minimum passing score and complete the evaluation at http://www.medscape.org/journal/eid; and (4) view/print certificate. For CME questions, see page 175. Release date: December 15, 2016; Expiration date: December 15, 2017 Learning Objectives Upon completion of this activity, participants will be able to: 1. Assess recommendations for the management of systemic anthrax and the use of anthrax immune globulin intravenous (AIG-IV) 2. Distinguish variables associated with the application of AIG-IV in the current study 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Supervised Injection Services: What Has Been Demonstrated?
    Drug and Alcohol Dependence 145 (2014) 48–68 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Drug and Alcohol Dependence j ournal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/drugalcdep Review Supervised injection services: What has been demonstrated? ଝ A systematic literature review a,b,∗ c,d e a,b Chloé Potier , Vincent Laprévote , Franc¸ oise Dubois-Arber , Olivier Cottencin , a,b Benjamin Rolland a Department of Addiction Medicine, CHRU de Lille, Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59037 Lille, France b University of Lille 2, Faculty of Medicine, F-59045 Lille, France c CHU Nancy, Maison des Addictions, Nancy F-54000, France d CHU Nancy, Centre d’Investigation Clinique CIC-INSERM 9501, Nancy F-54000, France e Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Chemin de la Corniche 10, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Background: Supervised injection services (SISs) have been developed to promote safer drug injection Received 18 May 2014 practices, enhance health-related behaviors among people who inject drugs (PWID), and connect PWID Received in revised form 14 October 2014 with external health and social services. Nevertheless, SISs have also been accused of fostering drug use Accepted 14 October 2014 and drug trafficking. Available online 23 October 2014 Aims: To systematically collect and synthesize the currently available evidence regarding SIS-induced benefits and harm. Keywords: Methods: A systematic review was performed via the PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect Supervised injection service databases using the keyword algorithm [(“SUPERVISED” OR “SAFER”) AND (“INJECTION” OR “INJECT- Safer injection facility ING” OR “SHOOTING” OR “CONSUMPTION”) AND (“FACILITY” OR “FACILITIES” OR “ROOM” OR “GALLERY” Supervised injecting center Drug consumption room OR “CENTRE” OR “SITE”)].
    [Show full text]
  • Prescription Stimulants
    Prescription Stimulants What are prescription stimulants? Prescription stimulants are medicines generally used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy— uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep. They increase alertness, attention, and energy. What are common prescription stimulants? • dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine®) • dextroamphetamine/amphetamine combination product (Adderall®) • methylphenidate (Ritalin®, Concerta®). Photo by ©iStock.com/ognianm Popular slang terms for prescription stimulants include Speed, Uppers, and Vitamin R. How do people use and misuse prescription stimulants? Most prescription stimulants come in tablet, capsule, or liquid form, which a person takes by mouth. Misuse of a prescription stimulant means: Do Prescription Stimulants Make You • taking medicine in a way or dose Smarter? other than prescribed Some people take prescription stimulants to • taking someone else’s medicine try to improve mental performance. Teens • taking medicine only for the effect it and college students sometimes misuse causes—to get high them to try to get better grades, and older adults misuse them to try to improve their When misusing a prescription stimulant, memory. Taking prescription stimulants for people can swallow the medicine in its reasons other than treating ADHD or normal form. Alternatively, they can crush narcolepsy could lead to harmful health tablets or open the capsules, dissolve the powder in water, and inject the liquid into a effects, such as addiction, heart problems, vein. Some can also snort or smoke the or psychosis. powder. Prescription Stimulants • June 2018 • Page 1 How do prescription stimulants affect the brain and body? Prescription stimulants increase the activity of the brain chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine. Dopamine is involved in the reinforcement of rewarding behaviors.
    [Show full text]
  • HIV PREVENTION Among Young Injecting Drug Users
    HIV PREVENTION among young injecting drug users Global Youth Network This publication is the result of a theme meeting for young people involved in preventing HIV/AIDS amongst young Injecting Drug Users (IDU’s) that was organized by the global youth network project in coordination with the Brazilian National Ministry of Health, the National Coordination for HIV/AIDS prevention and the UNODC field office in Brasilia. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Vienna HIV PREVENTION among young injecting drug users Global Youth Network UNITED NATIONS New York, 2004 The Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention became the Office on Drugs and Crime on 1 October 2002. UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. E.04.XI.20 ISBN 92-1-148190-2 This publication has not been formally edited. ContentsContents Acknowledgements 4 List of participants 5 Abbreviations 7 1. Background and purpose 9 Drug use and HIV/AIDS 9 The specific issues of young IDUs 11 Drug use patterns 14 Transition to injecting 15 Risk behaviour and consequences 18 HIV/AIDS (and other STD’s) 20 Specific risk groups 21 2. Step by step—how to build a programme 27 Know the target group 28 Staff 30 Planning and involving youth 33 Community 34 Establishing contact 37 What to provide and how 38 Funding, monitoring and evaluating 56 3. Key principles for HIV prevention 59 4. Resources 63 Notes 65 3 AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements In coordination with the Brazilian National Ministry of Health, the National Coordination for HIV/AIDS prevention and the UNODC field office in Brasilia, the Global Youth Network project organized a hands-on meeting for young people involved in preventing HIV/AIDS amongst young Injecting Drug Users (IDU’s).
    [Show full text]
  • Heroin-Drugfacts.Pdf
    DrugFacts Revised Junio 2021 Heroin DrugFacts What is heroin? Heroin is an opioid drug made from morphine, a natural substance taken from the seed pod of the various opium poppy plants grown in Southeast and Southwest Asia, Mexico, and Colombia. Heroin can be a white or brown powder, or a black sticky substance known as black tar heroin. How do people use Photo by DEA heroin? People inject, sniff, snort, or smoke heroin. Some people mix heroin with crack cocaine, a practice called speedballing. What are the effects of heroin? Heroin enters the brain rapidly and binds to opioid receptors on cells located in many areas, especially those involved in feelings of pain and pleasure and in controlling heart rate, sleeping, and breathing. Page 1 Prescription Opioids and Heroin Prescription opioid pain medicines such as OxyContin® and Vicodin® have effects similar to heroin. Research suggests that misuse of these drugs may open the door to heroin use. Data from 2011 showed that an estimated 4 to 6 percent who misuse prescription opioids switch to heroin1-3 and about 80 percent of people who used heroin first misused prescription opioids.1-3 More recent data suggest that heroin is frequently the first opioid people use. In a study of those entering treatment for opioid use disorder, approximately one-third reported heroin as the first opioid they used regularly to get high.4 This suggests that prescription opioid misuse is just one factor leading to heroin use. Read more about this intertwined problem in our Prescription Opioids and Heroin Research Report. Short-Term Effects People who use heroin report feeling a "rush" (a surge of pleasure, or euphoria).
    [Show full text]
  • Heroin and Methamphetamine Injection: an Emerging Drug Use Pattern
    HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author Subst Use Manuscript Author Misuse. Author Manuscript Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 October 16. Published in final edited form as: Subst Use Misuse. 2017 July 03; 52(8): 1051–1058. doi:10.1080/10826084.2016.1271432. Heroin and Methamphetamine Injection: An Emerging Drug Use Pattern Alia Al-Tayyiba, Stephen Koesterb, Sig Langeggerc, and Lisa Ravilled aDenver Public Health, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, Colorado, USA bAnthropology and Health & Behavioral Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA cGeography, Akita International University, Akita, Japan dHarm Reduction Action Center, Denver, Colorado, USA Abstract Objective—We sought to describe an emerging drug use pattern characterized by injection of both methamphetamine and heroin. We examined differences in drug injection patterns by demographics, injection behaviors, HIV and HCV status, and overdose. Methods—Persons who inject drugs (PWID) were recruited as part of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) system in Denver, Colorado. We used chi-square statistics to assess differences between those who reported only heroin injection, only methamphetamine injection, and combined heroin and methamphetamine injection. We used generalized linear models to estimate unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios to describe the association between drug injection pattern and reported nonfatal overdose in 2015. We also examined changes in the drug reported as most frequently injected across previous NHBS cycles from 2005, 2009, and 2012. Results—Of 592 participants who completed the survey in 2015, 173 (29.2%) reported only injecting heroin, 123 (20.8%) reported only injecting methamphetamine, and 296 (50.0%) reported injecting both drugs during the past 12 months.
    [Show full text]
  • Crystal Methamphetamine and Initiation of Injection Drug Use Among Street-Involved Youth in a Canadian Setting
    CMAJ Research Crystal methamphetamine and initiation of injection drug use among street-involved youth in a Canadian setting Dan Werb MSc, Thomas Kerr PhD, Jane Buxton MBBS MHSc, Jeannie Shoveller PhD, Chris Richardson PhD, Julio Montaner MD, Evan Wood MD PhD Abstract Competing interests: Julio Background: Although injection drug use is involved youth provided 1434 observations, with Montaner has received grants from, served as an known to result in a range of health-related 64 (16.2%) participants initiating injection drug ad hoc adviser to or spoken harms, including transmission of HIV and fatal use during the follow-up period, for a cumula - at events sponsored by overdose, little is known about the possible tive incidence of 21.7 (95% confidence interval Abbott, Argos Therapeutics, role of synthetic drugs in injection initiation. [CI] 1.7–41.7) per 100 person-years. In multivari - Bioject Inc., Boehringer We sought to determine the effect of crystal able analysis, recent noninjection use of crystal Ingelheim, BMS, Gilead methamphetamine use on risk of injection in - methamphetamine was positively associated Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Hoffmann-La Roche, itiation among street-involved youth in a with subsequent injection initiation (adjusted Janssen-Ortho, Merck Canadian setting. hazard ratio 1.93, 95% CI 1.31–2.85). The drug of Frosst, Panacos, Pfizer Ltd., first injection was most commonly reported as Schering, Serono Inc., Methods: We used Cox regression analyses to crystal methamphetamine (14/31 [45%]). TheraTechnologies, Tibotec identify predictors of injection initiation (J&J) and Trimeris. He has among injection-naive street-involved youth Interpretation: Noninjection use of crystal also received grant funding enrolled in the At-Risk Youth Study, a prospec - methamphetamine predicted subsequent from the BC Ministry of tive cohort study of street-involved youth in injection initiation, and crystal methampheta - Health, the US National mine was the most commonly used drug at Institute on Drug Abuse, Vancouver, British Columbia.
    [Show full text]
  • Central Venous Access
    Central Venous Access Ian Rigby, Daniel Howes, Jason Lord, Ian Walker Resuscitation Education Consortium/Kingston Resuscitation Institute Introduction A great deal of this course is geared toward making you more comfortable with central venous access. In this section we are going to examine the indications, contraindications, equipment and the general skill of placing multilumen catheters and introducer sheaths. Following this, we will use these techniques at the various sites where they can be performed; namely the femoral vein, the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein. Indications There are a number of reasons why we may wish to gain central venous access in our patients. They include: 1. Vascular Access Obtaining peripheral vascular access can be challenging in patients with burns, previous vein injuries (such as IV drug use) or in the context of cardiopulmonary arrest. In these situations, a central venous line may be the preferred technique of gaining vascular access. 2. Volume Loading Central venous lines do provide a method for infusing fluids or blood products in critically ill patients. It is important to remember that the flow in central lines is determined not only by the diameter of the catheter but also by the length of the line (Poiseuille’s law for you physics buffs). Thus a 16g peripheral IV will have far greater flow rates than a double or triple lumen central venous catheter. A 5-6 cm long 6Fr introducer sheath, though, will provide flow rates greater than that of the accompanying IV tubing. 3. Provision of Caustic Medications or Solutions Many medications we provide for critically ill patients can be quite caustic to smaller peripheral veins.
    [Show full text]
  • EFFECTS of Some ANALEPTICDRUGS AGAINST";
    EFFECTS OF some ANALEPTIC DRUGS AGAINST"; ' A DESP PENTOBARBIIAL ANESTHESIA IN DOGS Thesis for fhé Degree of M. 'S. MICHIGAN STATE. UNIVERSITY Mohammad AnWarul Islam. Khan I965 m; THESIS LIBR I’lY Michlga- :atc Universu'y W THESIS This is to certify that the thesis entitled EFFECTS OF SOME ANALEPTIC DRUGS AGAINST DEEP PENTOBARBITAL ANESTHESIA IN DOGS Presented by MOHAMMAD ANWARUL ISLAM KHAN has been accepted towards fulfillment of the requirements for MASTER OF SCIENCE ----degree in---- Department of Pharmacology /‘ :7 / -\‘ CMt 1') \ Bgsegéffl-Llaéé "é’észgéaié u/Major Profefiégr EFFECTS OF SOME ANALEPTIC DRUGS AGAINST DEEP PENTOBARBITAL ANESTHESIA IN DOGS BY Mohammad Anwarul Islam Khan A THESIS Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Pharmacology 1965 Dedicated To: My beloved parents Mr. and Mrs. Nurul Islam Khan for teaching me the moral and spiritual values throughout my life. AND Parveen Banu for her inspiration, en- couragement and tolerance and who rep- resented a great incentive to make my program a success in U.S.A. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To Dr. Clyde F. Cairy, Professor of Pharmacology, who has shown the greatest interest in my work, given me sincere help and skillful guidance, provided all the facil- ities for conducting this project and inspired me with his constructive suggestions and criticism, I tender my sincer- est gratitude and thanks. To Dr. Bernard V. Alfredson, Professor and Offici- ating Chairman, Department of Pharmacology, for his sym— pathetic attitude and interest in the progress of my work, I wish to express sincere thanks and appreciation.
    [Show full text]
  • HCV Epidemiology in the United States
    © Hepatitis C Online PDF created October 7, 2021, 4:28 am HCV Epidemiology in the United States This is a PDF version of the following document: Module 1: Screening and Diagnosis of Hepatitis C Infection Lesson 1: HCV Epidemiology in the United States You can always find the most up to date version of this document at https://www.hepatitisC.uw.edu/go/screening-diagnosis/epidemiology-us/core-concept/all. HCV Incidence in the United States Definitions of HCV Incidence The incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is defined as the number of new infections in a specific region over a specific time period; the incidence data is typically reported out for a 1-year period, often in conjunction with cumulative and comparative multiyear data (Figure 1). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines the incidence of HCV in the United States (or in each state) as the number of acute HCV cases that occur per year, which is the closest proxy of actual new infections. The incidence rate is the number of cases per total population (typically defined as number of cases per 100,000 persons). Method of Estimating HCV Incidence Most individuals with acute HCV infection do not have a clinically-evident illness and most do not seek medical care. In addition, many cases of diagnosed acute hepatitis C are not reported. Thus, determining the true incidence of new HCV infections per year based on the number of reported cases requires highly complex epidemiology modeling techniques.[1] For each new acute HCV case that is reported in the United States, the CDC estimates there are approximately 13.9 actual new acute HCV cases (reported and unreported) that have occurred.[1,2] This high ratio (total estimated cases to actual reported cases) is primarily a result of the large proportion of persons with acute HCV who have asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic infection and do not seek medical care, or have undiagnosed infection (Figure 2); the passive HCV reporting system likely also contributes to the low number of reported acute HCV cases.
    [Show full text]