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General Assembly and Crew, Which Had Been Obliged to Come Down in So-Called the Security Council, Persisted in Maintaining Its Domina­ Portuguese Guinea

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General Assembly and Crew, Which Had Been Obliged to Come Down in So-Called the Security Council, Persisted in Maintaining Its Domina­ Portuguese Guinea United Nations FOURTH COMMifiEt 1787th GENERAL MEETIN& ASSEMBLY Friday, 8 November 1968, at 11.10 a.m. TWENTY.THIRD SESSION O!Jicial Records NEW YORK CONTENTS colonialism and upon the specialized agencies of the United Nations to take part in the liberation activities and to Page contribute to the work of reconstruction, giving the Agenda item 65: Question of Territories under Portuguese administration: nationalists assistance in the matter of health, education report of the Special Committee on the Situation with and so forth. regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and 3. Furthermore, wide publicity should be given to the Peoples (continued) General debate (continued) ...............•....... films that had been shown at the I773rd to I775th meetings, as also to the statements made by the petitioners, so that international opinion might be duly informed of the Chairman: Mr. P. V. J. SOLOMON activities of the Portuguese colonialists. His delegation was (Trinidad and Tobago). convinced that greater publicity for the struggle of the freedom fighters would show not only the justice of their cause but also the nature of their needs. 4. Mr. TRAORE (Guinea) said that his country bordered AGENDA ITEM 65 on one of the Territories-Guinea (Bissau)-where the armed struggle of the people against Portugal had reached a Question of Territories under Portuguese adminis· decisive point. tration: report of the Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the Implementation of 5. Portugal was persisting in imposing unequal relation­ the Declaration on the Granting of Independence ships and iniquitous methods of exploitation on the peoples to Colonial Countries and Peoples (continued) of so-called Portuguese Guinea, Mozambique and Angola. (A/7200/Rev.1, chap. VIII) To that end it was using all its military power, with the most modem armaments, not only to subdue the people of GENERAL DEBATE (continued) its colonies with bombs and napalm, but also to launch attacks on the neighbouring African States and to commit 1. Mr. OUEDRAOGO (Upper Volta) said that his country acts of piracy against them. For example, ever since March once again condemned Portugal. That country, disregarding of that year the Portuguese Government had been holding the spirit and the objectives of the Charter of the United an aircraft of the Air Guinea Company, together with its Nations and the resolutions of the General Assembly and crew, which had been obliged to come down in so-called the Security Council, persisted in maintaining its domina­ Portuguese Guinea. tion over the Territories under its administration, ignoring the right of more than 20 million Africans to freedom and 6. It was quite obvious that Portugal would not be able to independence. The same censure and condemnation carry on the war in its colonies were it not for the support extended to South Africa which, in supporting Portugal, of the imperialist Powers of NATO and of the Western was helping to create a threat to international peace and monopolies which were exploiting the resources of the security in southern Africa, and to certain NATO Powers African continent. Moreover, Portugal, South Africa and which were giving the Lisbon coloniaJists direct or indirect Southern Rhodesia had formed an "unholy zlliance" for aid. Although those allies of Portugal were ready to declare the pm pose of perpetuating a system which was a disgrace that they disapproved of the policy of that country, they ~o mankind and contrary to the ideals of the United refused to take any positive steps to put an end to that Nations, and of strengthening the position of those three policy. They even invoked the principle of non-intervention racist regimes. in the internal affairs of States in order to hamper the action of the United Nations in favour of the peoples of 7. Far from trying to fmd a reasonable solution to the Angola, Mozambique and Guinea (Bissau). problem, the Government of Portugal had recently stated that its resistance could last indefinitely and that it would 2. All the condemnations pronounced in the United never accept the authority of an untrained majority in its Nations showed the indignation that the acts of the African Territories. Despite that statement, the peoples of Portuguese colonialists aroused in international public Angola, Mozambique nnd Guinea (Bissau) were prepared to opinion; they were, in fact, an expression of political and fight for freedom and independence. As President Sekou moral support for the freedom fighters, but the United Toure had said, the nationalists could count on the Nations could and should do more. He called upon all complete solidarity of the revolutionary people of Guinea Member States which sincerely wished to see the end of in their valiant efforts. A/C.4/SR.l787 2 ------------------------General Assembly Twenty-third Session Fourth Committee 8. The United Nations should take a more radical position actions of the Portuguese authorities with respect to their with regard to the manifold probleilli with which Africa colonial Territories or inspired the illusion that those was faced and, above all, it should seel: effective means to Territories were merely overseas provinces when all the ensure that Member States respected · he Charter and the facts pointed to the complete absence of any ethnical, resolutions of the United Nations and :;hould take vigorous cultural or social affinities between the people of the steps to safeguard its authority. In the I resent situation, the Territories and the people of Portugal. By laying special Guinean delegation was convinced thal it was only through emphasis on that fact at the present juncture, it was armed struggle that the people of tl.e Territories under possible to get to the roots of the problem, which could Portuguese domination could attain !iteration. Guinea was then be dealt with, not as a single case, but as a component firmly resolved, together with the other countries of the part of a whole which included not only Portugal, South Organization of African Unity, to rna cee a positive contri­ Africa and the illegal regime of Southern Rhodesia, but also bution to the liberation of the continent. their collaborators in the political and ideological bloc referred to as the West. 9. Mr. MARAMIS (Indonesia) said that his delegation could not accept the Portuguese Government's argument 14. Since 1961, when the United Nations had first taken that the Territories under Portuguese administration were up the question of the Territories, Portugal had done "overseas provinces". Portugal was wa1 ~ng a colonial war in nothing but consolidate its hold over them and invent order to perpetuate its rule over them. In addition to the various subterfuges to circumvent the application of the arbitrary regrouping of the African population and the Declaration appearing in General Assembly resolution settlement of foreign immigrants in the Territories, the 1514 (XV). In their insolence, the Portuguese authorities Lisbon Government was using intolerable methods against had gone so far as to claim that their policy of assimilation the people of so-called Portuguese '}uinea and did not and integration was in fact "a form of decolonization" .1 hesitate to have recourse to mercenaries. Angola was being That travesty of the noble cause of decolonization con­ used as a base for aggressive opera1ions carried out by cealed the intention to deny the national identity of the mercenaries against neighbouring African States. That was a colonial peoples. Under the appearance of benevolent and new development, which made the dtuation much more liberal measures, an inhuman exploitation was being dangerous, and there could be no douht that it was a threat practised which actually replaced the slavery of the to international peace and security. nineteenth century by the practice of forced labour. The myth of the "civilizing mission" had been upheld by the 10. Indonesia vehemently condemned the military and colonialists for centuries, but only Portugal, together with financial assistance that was being giv' m to Portugal by her South Africa and Southern Rhodesia, had taken that myth, allies and it hoped that the recent char .ges in the Portuguese in the second half of the twentieth century, to its illogical Government would be reflected in a more liberal policy in extreme of denying the very essence of what its civilizing the matter. The chief hope of the peoples of Angola, mission should teach: namely, the right of man to choose Mozambique and so-called Portuguese Guinea, however, lay and the right of the majority to rule. in their own efforts to obtain Iiberati< ,n by whatever means at their disposal. In that connexion, h< thought that in their case, as in the case of the Zimbabwe freedom fighters, the 15. Nevertheless, that myth had not deceived the Africans, provisions of the Geneva Conven·ion relative to the who had obliged Portugal to increase its troop strength in Africa, which in 1967 had been estimated at between Treatment of Prisoners ofWar of 12 August 1949 should be applied. 129,000 and 150,000 men. In order to confront the liberation movements in Angola, Mozambique and so-called 11. His delegation endorsed what the Yugoslav repre­ Portuguese Guinea, the colonial authorities had had to sentative had said at the 1778th meeting about the use of enact a new law early in 1968 to prolong the period of appropriate terms to designate thme taking part in the military service and to increase their military expenditure, liberation movements and it rejected the use of the term which now stood at 40 per cent of all public spending. All "terrorist". It was the duty of the l nited Nations to give the measures of repression had been futile-as had been those movements all possible moral a1d material assistance.
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