Resettlement Planning Document

Resettlement Plan Document Stage: Revised Project Number: 35289 May 2009

PRC: Sanjiang Plain Wetlands Protection Project

Resettlement Plan and Due Deligence Report of Jixian County (Anbanghe Nature Reserve) – English Version

Prepared by Provincial Project Management Office for the Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project.

The resettlement plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

Resettlement Plan and Due Deligence Report of Jixian County (Anbanghe Nature Reserve)

Heilongjiang Provincial PMO of Sanjiang Plain Wetlands Protection Project

October 2008

Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project – Jixian Resettlement Plan

ABBREVIATION and ACRONYMS

RP Resettlement Plan APs Affected Persons ADB Asian Development Bank NGO Non Government Organization LAO Land Acquisition Office M&E Monitoring and Evaluation PRC People’s Republic of RO Resettlement Office PMO Project Management Office HH Household mu Chinese land area unit of measure: 1 mu = 0.0667 ha PAH Project Affected Household PAP Project Affected Person PRO Project Resettlement Office RMB Renminbi—another word for the PRC Currency, the Yuan SES Socioeconomic Survey DI Design Institute RIB Resettlement Information Booklet CNY Abbreviation for Yuan, PRC’s currency FSR Feasibility Study Report EAR Environmental Assessment Report SPWPP Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project HPDRC Heilongjiang Provicial Development and Reform Committee HPG Heilongjiang Provincial Government SFA State Forestry Administration MOF Ministry of Finance LA Loan Agreement EA Excuting agency AWNR Anbanghe Wetland Nature Reserve AWNRB Anbanghe Wetland Nature Reserve Bureau JCSPWPPLG Jixian County Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project Leading Group EMEA External Monitoring and Evaluation Agency Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project – Jixian Resettlement Plan

PREFACE

Based on the resettlement framework prepared under the ADB PPTA in 2004, this resettlement plan (RP) is developed by Heilongjiang Provincial PMO of Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project (SPWPP) in accordance with Chinese laws and regulations and ADB Involuntary Resettlement Guidelines. The RP aims to provide a solution to the return of farmland to wetland for SPWPP and is prepared and upgraded based on the latest project proposals, as well as the results of the socioeconomic survey and affected person investigation.

All the data in terms of project impacts that are used in the RP are collected and provided by Anbanghe River Wetland Reserve (ARWR). Upon verifying these data, the resettlement specialist in the PPTA team revised and upgraded the draft resettlement plan, prepared by Anbanghe River Wetland Protection Bureau (ARWPB) in October 2004, to form a complete resettlement plan, and to provide a review of the resettlement progress in the process of returning farmland to wetland.

Heilongjiang Provicial Development and Reform Committee (HPDRC) will endorse the RP on behalf of Heilongjiang Provincial Government (HPG) following the approval of ADB.

Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project – Jixian Resettlement Plan

Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project – Jixian Resettlement Plan

Contents

Executive Summary ...... VI 1 Project Background...... 1 1.1 Brief Description...... 1 1.1.1 Basin Water Resources Management ...... 1 1.1.2 Nature Reserve Management ...... 1 1.1.3 Livelihood Replacement Subproject...... 1 1.1.4 Nature Reserve Capability Building...... 1 1.2 Background Information about Project Area ...... 1 1.2.1 City...... 2 1.2.2 Jixian County...... 3 1.3 Direct Beneficial Areas ...... 4 1.4 Design Process of the Project...... 5 1.5 Project Investment and Financing...... 6 1.6 Measures to mitigate adverse impacts...... 6 1.7 Objectives of Resettlement...... 6 2 Project Impacts...... 7 2.1 Approach ...... 7 2.2 Scope ...... 7 2.3 Organization and Process ...... 7 2.4 Results of Project Impact Assessment (PIA)...... 7 2.5 Land Impacts...... 8 2.6 Analysis of Affected Persons ...... 9 2.7 Analysis of Affected Buildings ...... 9 2.8 Vulnerable Groups...... 9 2.9 Other Impacts ...... 10 3 Socioeconomic Suvey ...... 11 3.1 Socioeconomic Survey in Project Area...... 11 3.2 Farmland Restoration Impacts ...... 12 3.3 Basic Information of Affected Institution ...... 12 3.4 Basic Information of Staffs before Farmland Restoration ...... 12 3.5 Income of Affected Staff ...... 15 3.6 Expenditures...... 16 3.7 Integrated Analysis of Income and Expenditure ...... 19 3.8 Ethnic Groups...... 20 3.9 Vulnerable Groups...... 20 4 Resettlement Legal and Policy Framework ...... 21 4.1 Land Acquisition and Compensation Policy ...... 21 4.2 Applicable Legal and Administrative Procedures...... 23 4.3 Compensation Provisions...... 23 4.4 Institutional Responsibilities...... 24 4.5 Resettlement Policies of ADB...... 25 5 Resettlement Compensation Rate and Entitlement Matrix ...... 26 5.1 Compensation Rate for Farmland to Wetland Restoration...... 26 5.2 Cost-benefit Analysis of Farmland...... 26 5.3 Land Opportunity Benefit Analysis...... 28

Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project – Jixian Resettlement Plan

5.4 Determination of Compensation Rate for Restoration of Farmland to Wetland.30 5.5 Entitlement Matrix ...... 30 6 Rehabilitation and Income Restoration Measures...... 31 6.1 Preparation of Resettlement ...... 31 6.2 Rehabilitation plan ...... 31 7 Schedule of Resettlement...... 33 8 Organization ...... 35 8.1 Implementation Organizations ...... 35 8.2 Responsibilities ...... 35 8.3 Staffing ...... 37 8.4 Organization Chart ...... 38 8.5 Measures for Strengthening Institutional Capacity...... 38 9 Budget ...... 39 9.1 Total Cost ...... 39 9.2 Funding and Annual Investment Plan ...... 39 The resettlement work will be funded by budget from JCG and local government. For the detail, please see the Due Dillegence in the Appendix 6...... 39 10 Consultation, Participation, and Grievance and Appeal Procedures...... 41 10.1 Participation and Disclosure...... 41 10.2 Complaints and Appeals...... 41 11 Monitoring...... 43 11.1 Internal Monitoring and Supervision ...... 43 1.1.1 Implementation Procedures...... 44 1.1.2 Indicators to be monitored...... 44 1.1.3 Staffing ...... 44 11.2 External Monitoring ...... 44 11.2.1 Organization and Responsibility...... 45 11.2.2 Procedures...... 46 Appendix 1 Outline of External Monitoring and Evaluation on Resettlement...... 47 Appendix 2 Ownership Certificates of Restored Farmland ...... 50 Appendix 3 Documents related to Merger of JCRC and AWNRB ...... 54 Appendix 4 Document related to Establishment of AWNRB ...... 55 Meeting Minutes ...... 56 Appendix 5 Land Cost and Benefit Table ...... 57 Appendix 6 Due Diligence...... 59 Appendix 7 Resettlement Booklet...... 69

Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project – Jixian Resettlement Plan

List of Tables

Table 2-1 Summary of Project Impacts...... 8 Table 2-2 Impacts of Farmland -Wetland Restoration...... 9 Table 2-3 Land Uses Before and After Farmland-Wetland Restoration ...... 9 Talbe 2-4 Summary of Affect Households and Persons...... 9 Table 3-1 Summary of Staffs of AWNRB (2004) ...... 13 Table 3-2 Annual Income of Affected Staffs of AWNRB of January 2004...... 15 Table 3-3 Summary of Expenditures of AWNRB Staffs in 2003 ...... 17 Table 3-4 Analysis of Personal Expenditures of AWNRB Staffs in 2003 ...... 19 Table 3-5 Integrated Analysis of Income and Expenditure of AWNRB Staffs in 2003 ...... 20 Table 5-1 Cost and Benefit of Farmland in Core Area (2001-2003)...... 26 Table 5-2 Planting Structure of Crops in Jixian (2003)...... 27 Table 5-3 Cost and Benefit of Main Crops in Jixian County...... 28 Table 5-4 Average Future Opportunity Benefit of Lands in Jixian County (i=3%) ...... 28 Table 5-5 Average Future Opportunity Benefit of Lands in Jixian County (i=5%) ...... 29 Table 5-6 Average Future Opportunity Benefit of Lands in Jixian County (i=7%) ...... 29 Table 5-7 Average Future Opportunity Benefit of Lands in Jixian County (i=10%) ...... 29 Table 5-8 Average Future Opportunity Benefit of Lands in Jixian County (i=12%) ...... 29 Table 5-5-9 Entitlement Matrix...... 30 Table 6-6-1 Salary Analysis of On-Position Staffs...... 61 Table 6-2 Integrated Analysis of Income and Expenditure...... 68 Table 6-3 Comparison of Per capita Income and Net Per capita Income of AWNRB Staffs of 2003 and 2007 ...... 68 Table 7-1 Resttlement Activities Milestones...... 33 Table 8-1 Staffing of the Resettlement Institutions Involved in the Project.....37 Table 9-1 Budget for Resettlement of Jixian Wetland Protection Subproject.39 Table 9-2 Annual Investment Plan of Jixian Wetland Protection Project...... 39

List of Figures

Figure 1-1 Geological Location of Shuangyashan City...... 2 Figure 1-2 Map of Anbanghe River Wetland Natural Reserve...... 5 Figure 1-3 Anbanghe River Wetland Natural Reserve...... 5 Figure 4-1 Consumptive Expenditure Structure...... 19 Figure 6-1 Structure of Consumptive Expenditures ...... 67 Figure 7-1 Farmland Restoration Progress ...... 59 Figure 8-1 Jixian County Wetland Protection Project Resettlement Organization Chart ...... 38

Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project – Jixian Resettlement Plan

Executive Summary

1. Project background and impact analysis

According to the latest Project Design Report (PDR), within the overall framework of the Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project (SPWPP), Jixian County involves the Basin Water Resources Management Subproject, the Nature Reserve Management Subproject, the Liveihood Replacement Subproject and the Nature Reserve Capability Building Subproject. According to project design, a total of 250ha farmland in the core area of Anbanghe Wetland Nature Reserve (AWNR) will be restored to wetland. As these farmlands were owned and cultivated by AWNRB which received the revenue as well, AWNRB is the only one affected.

2. Policy Framework

Relevant Laws and Policies for Resettlement of this project including Property Law of P.R. China (2007), Land Administrative Law of P.R. China (2004), Natural Reserve Regulations of P.R. China (1994), Land Administrative Regulations of Heilongjiang Province (2000), Wetland Conservation Regulations of Heilongjiang Province (2003), and ADB’s Involuntary Resettlement Policy (1995). The key policies for the project are: 1）Resettlement shall be avoided where possible; 2） Resettlers shall be fully informed and consulted with in the process of resettlement and compensation; 3）Participation of shareholders shall be emphasized during the planning and implementation of RP. 4）A transparent appeal mechanism will be established. 5）Disclose resettlement plan and implementation policies to resettlers.

According to weighted averages, the compensation rate for dry land in the project is 2500 yuan/mu.

3. The resettlement measures and income restoration According to project design, a total of 250ha farmland in the core area of AWNR will be restored to wetland. As these farmlands were owned and cultivated by AWNRB which received the revenue as well, AWNRB is the only one affected. The APs of this project are the staff of AWNRB at the time of 2004 when the 40 affected persons began to stop farming the land to be restored to wetland. As AWNRB is a government sponsored institution, AWNRB will re-arrange the affected persons’ work when they get the compensation and concerned

Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project – Jixian Resettlement Plan investement from the government to ensure the affected persons’ livelihood standard will not decrease.

4. Organization In order to improve the implementation of this project, People’s Government of Jixian County has established the Project Leading Team to be responsible for project preparation and implementation. This leading team consists of the members who are the heads from Water Resources Bureau, Land Administration Bureau, Finance Bureau and Construction Bureau. Under this Steering Group, the PMO is established. The PMO’s office is in AWNRB which is responsible for the preparation, coordination, implementation and management of the project. The AWNRB also is the EA of this project. It is a state sponsored institution.

5. Public Participation

According to the laws, regulations and policies of PRC, Heilongjiang Province and ADB, for land acquisition and resettlement, in order to safeguard the legal entitlements of APs and displaced units, as well as minimize any complaints and disputes, it is required to further develop the relevant policies and implementation provisions for resettlement, listen to the public opinions, prepare the RP and practically attend to the implementation, thus to achieve the target of resettlement. Public participation in the phases of preparation and implementation is of great necessity.

6. Channels for Appeal and Grievance The project pays special attention to the APs participation throughout the compilation and implementation of RP, an open and effective procedure of grievance and appeal as follows will be established to avoid the occurrence of major grievances.

Stage1: If any AP is aggrieved by any aspect of the resettlement and rehabilitation program, they can lodge an oral or written grievance with JCSPWPPLG directly. JCSPWPPLG shall resolve the issue within two weeks.

Stage2: If the aggrieved person (unit) is not satisfied with the decision, they can lodge an oral or written grievance with Jixian County Government. Jixian County Government shall resolve the issue within two weeks.

Stage 3: If the aggrieved person (unit) is not satisfied with the decision on stage 2, they can appeal to HPSPPMO after the receipt of the decision from project office and ask for administrative arbitration. Administrative arbitration organ will make a decision on arbitration within 2 weeks.

Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project – Jixian Resettlement Plan

Stage４: If the AP is still dissatisfied with the decision on stage 3, they can appeal to the People’s Court in accordance with Civil Procedure Act after receiving administrative arbitration. AP can make an appeal for any aspect of the resettlement including compensation rate.

The APs will be informed about the above grievance and appeal procedure through holding meetings or other approaches to understand that they have the rights of grievance and appeal.

7. Monitoring and Evaluation Anbanghe NR Bureau will monitor and evaluate the implementation of the RPs, external Monitoring and evaluation will be carried out by an external agency, one time each year. Internal monitoring will be implemented by PIUs, PIUs will submit the resettlement progress to ADB on a quarterly basis, and internal and external monitoring and evaluation agencies will submit an annual report to ADB.

8. Resettlement Budget and Resettlement Implementation Schedule The total cost of land acquisition and resettlement induced by Jixian Wetland Protection Subproject is RMB 10,218,800. This project is planned to start from 2004 and end in 2010. The resettlement progress of this project is planned from 2004 to 2007.

9. Due diligence 9.1 Actual Progress of Farmland to Wetland Restoration

As AWNRB planned, AWNRB workers stopped planting on 250ha of farmland from 2004 to 2007.

90ha of farmland was returned to wetland in 2004 at the northwestern side of main road in Tourist Park, and restoration started from 2005 gradually.

100ha of farmland was returned to wetland in 2005 at the west side of main road in the core area, and restoration started from 2006 gradually.

60ha of farmland was returned to wetland in 2006 at the east side of main road in Tourist Park, and restoration started from 2007 gradually.

9.2 Review of Resettlement of Affected Staffs

9.2.1 Support from Central Government

Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project – Jixian Resettlement Plan

AWNRB obtained the support from the Central Government on restoration of farmland to wetland in 2004. In the LJPZ [2003] No.201 document issued by State Forestry Administration in 2003, an amount of RMB 2.7 million was approved for farmland restoration, and preliminary design was asked to be completed in 2004. AWNRB is a state sponsered institution, so in consideration of ensuring funds for wetland restoration, JCG decided to exempt the non-operational revenues of AWNRB from 2003 to 2007 and allow AWNRB to use these funds in wetland construction and farmland restoration. Up to the end of 2007, governments at all levels have invested over RMB 10 million in wetland restoration, which greatly contributed to AWNRB’s efforts and increased the income of its staff.

9.2.2 Development of Ecological Tourism

In 2004, AWNRB started to build Sanjiang Plain Demonstration and Education Base and ecological tourist park. The demonstration and education base covers 10,000m2 with constructed area 3,062m2; and the ecological tourist park covers an area of 310ha with constructed area of over 3,000m2. The Phase I and II works have been accomplished and the Phase III is under preparation. The ecological tourist park is staffed with 8 workers including 3 women, creating more than RMB 500,000 annually.

9.2.3 Strengthen staff training and develop alternative livelihood schemes

Strengthen training in relevant skills and knowledge for staff to help them learn more scientific planting, cultivatation and non-agricultural development methods. Teach women some skills through provision of training and improve their cultural level.

Since 2004, professors from forestry universities have been invited to hold training sessions in AWNRB to transfer relevant technical knowledge and skills, particularly to female staff, during winter. This measure can also improve the educational level of female workers.

9.3 Analysis of Resettlement Results

In order to understand the resettlement effectiveness of affected staff, AWNRB conducted a follow-up survey of income in January 2008. Based on analysis, the results reveal that through government support and effective livelihood alternatives, the income level of affected staff has been greatly increased. The income restoration measures are very successful that effectively ensure the recovery, and even greatly increase of income level. The average monthly salary of affected workers has already increased from 872.95 yuan per month to 1648.5 yuan per month.

Meanwhile, in order to investigate the actual living standards of affected staff, the investigation team conducted detailed survey on the expenditures of AWNRB staffs in 2007. As the 40 AWNRB staffs are all urban residents and have not been engaged in other producing and

Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project – Jixian Resettlement Plan operating activities besides their jobs, in AWNRB, the scope of survey was limited to living expenditures of the 40 AWNRB staffs.

In 2007, the per capita consumptive expenditure of AWNRB staffs is 4,236 yuan, in which food takes up the largest proportion, as 30%, followed by expenditure in housing, as 16%. Through calculation, the net per capita savings of AWNRB staffs is determined to be RMB 15,546.

Through comparison of the per capita income and net per capita income of AWNRB staffs in 2003 and 2007, it can be seen that the annual income and average income were not affected by farmland to wetland restoration; instead, their incomes were increased through government support, effective livelihood alternatives and the efforts of AWNRB.

Though the affected staff have been well resettled, it is hoped the external monitoring and evaluation agency can implementate their works as fast as possible so as to verify that all affected persons have been resettled well and report to ADB in a timely manner.

1 Project Background

1.1 Brief Description

According to the latest Project Design Report (PDR), within the overall framework of the Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project (SPWPP), Jixian County involves the Basin Water Resources Management Subproject, the Nature Reserve Management Subproject, the Liveihood Replacement Subproject and the Nature Reserve Capability Building Subproject.

1.1.1 Basin Water Resources Management

Jixian Basin Water Resources Management Subproject includes canal improvement and water diversion works.

1.1.2 Nature Reserve Management

Jixian Natural Reserve Management Subproject mainly includes: scientific protection and management of wetland, demonstrating recovery of wetland and recovery of wild animals and plants. The subproject is located in Anbanghe River Natural Reserve in Jixian County. The Wetland Recovery Subproject requires returning 250ha farmland to wetland.

1.1.3 Livelihood Replacement Subproject

Jixian Livelihood Replacement Subproject mainly includes: sustainable development of wetland and ecological tourism within and around Anbanghe River Nature Reserve.

1.1.4 Nature Reserve Capability Building

Jixian Nature Reserve Capability Building Subproject will be implemented focusing on Anbanghe River Natural Reserve, mainly including: popularization and education, scientific research and wetland management training.

1.2 Background Information about Project Area

The project area is located within Jixian County of Shuangyashan City of Heilongjiang Province.

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1.2.1 Shuangyashan City

Shuangyashan City is located in the northeasten part of Heilongjiang Province, 500km away from , the provincial capital. It sees Ресей of Russia on the other side of Ussuri River in the east, and is adjacent to City, City and Huanan County in the south, connects to City and City in the west, and is adjacent to , Tongjiang City, Fuyuan County and Huachuan County in the north. The urban area is located at the riverside of Anbanghe River on the north side of Wanda Mount. It administers a total of 2,483km2, in which urban area accounts for 1,767km2. There are two duck-like hills at the northeastern part of the urban area, from which the name of the city comes.

Figure 1-1 Geographic Location of Shuangyashan City The city is a semi-mountainous area, higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast. Continuous cordillera of Wanda Mountain occupies the southern part where numerous hills and ridges grow. The Sanjiang Plain is located at the northern part of the city where several rivers flow through. The lands under the administration of Shuangyashan City include forest 8,632km2, as 38.3% of the total; water surface area 946km2, as 4.2%; arable land 7,181km2, 31.9%; constructed land 815km2, 3.6%; and other land 2,909km2, as 12.9%. Primary grain crops include wheat, soybean, maize, sorghum and foxtail millet, etc. Dominant economic crops include sugar beet, flax, sunflower, and tobacco. Vegetables are mainly grown in suburban areas.

All the mountains and hills belong to Wanda Mountain Chain of Changbai Mountain System. Within the 5,000km2 of mountainous areas, a great number of hills and peaks exist, among which more than 100 hills are higher than 400m. The highest point is the Lao Tudingzi Mountain in Baoqing with an altitude of 854m while the lowest point is at east Yanwo Island of 2

Bawusan Farm, with an altitude of 542m.

There are over 60 rivers of different length within the jurisdiction of the city. These rivers go into two river systems, namely, Naoli River and Anbanghe River. The Naoli River belongs to Ussuri River System while Anbanghe River belongs to Songhuajiang River System. Primary rivers include Naoli River, Qixing River, Anbanghe River, Baoshi River, Suolun River and Hamatong River. Among these rivers, Naoli River is the longest, with a total length of 596km and a basin area of 7,600km2.

1.2.2 Jixian County

Jixian County is located at 130°39′30〞~132°14′50〞E and 46°29′05〞~47°4′03〞N, covering an area of 2,284km2. Mountainous area accounts for 30% of the total area of the county, water surface area accounts for 10%, and farmland takes up 60% of the total. The county is high in the southwest while low in the northeast. The jurisdiction of the county is mainly composed of a plain with an altitude lower than 200m, which covers over 75% of the total area. The county has typical features of the Sanjiang Plain. Anbanghe River is the main river in the county, deriving from Jiulichuan of Shuangyashan City. It runs from the south to the north, with a length of 35km and an area of 1,168km2 within the county. It runs through Huachuan County and flows into Songhua River after it leaves Jixian County. The primary branches of Anbanghe River include Liushu River and Hadami River, both starting from the southwestern hilly areas. Jixian County is of mid-temperate continental monsoon climate with distinct four seasons. The average annual temperature is 3.7oC and the average annual sunlight is 2,605 hours. The daylight lasts the longest in May while the shortest in December. The initial frost appears in late September and the last frost emerges in early May. The average frost-free period is 147 days. The surface temperature drops below zero from November to the end of next March. The greatest depth of frozen earth in history is 222cm. The rainfall of Jixian County mainly comes from Southern Cyclone, Mongolian Cyclone and Northeastern Cyclone. The historical average precipitation is 509.8mm per year and 740mm in wet years. Rainfall is mainly restricted to July, August and September, during which the average precipitation is 295mm, accounting for 60% of the whole-year amount. The peak daily precipitation is 79.9mm. The longest continous rainy period in history is 18 days while the longest continous dry period is 48 days. On average, the snowfall accounts for 20% in the total precipitation and snow covers the ground for 116 days with the greatest depth of 46cm.

Jixian County has a long history and extensive culture. As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasty, Su Shen, the ancestor of Man Minority lived here. After the clanship was established, 3

the people lived on fishing and hunting. Till the Han and Wei Dynasty, Sushen changed its name into Yilou and built a large amount of cities. It was called Wuji in Nanbei Dynasty and was administered by Huaiyuan Prefecture in Tang Dynasty. It was governed by Yueliji of Nvzhen Kingdom in Liao Dynasty, by Futiwei of Nuergan City in , and by Shengjing General and Qing Government in Qing Dynasty. In 1732 (the tenth year of Yongzheng), it was put under the administration of Sanxing Deputy Commander. In 1905, it was administered by Yilan Prefecture. In 1907, Jilin Province was set here and put under administration of Linjiang (present Tongjiang). In 1909, Linjiang State was changed to Linjiang Prefecture, administering Fujin County. At this time Jixian was not a county yet. Besides of Taiping Town and Fengle Town which belonged to Huachuan County, Jixian was governed by Fujin City. In June 1946, Jixian was designated as a county under Hejiang Province. Its governing place was at Jixian Town and administered by Hejiang Provincial Government. In May 1954, Hejiang Province was integrated into Songjiang Province, so was Jixian County. In August 1954, Songjiang Province was incorporated into Heilongjiang Province which then took over Jixian County and put it under the administration of Hejiang Prefecture. In January 1985, Hejiang Prefecture was abolished and Jixian County was governed by Jiamusi City. Since January 1988, it was managed by Shuangyashan City. The township of Jixian County relocated from Jixian Town to Fuli Town in 1956.

1.3 Direct Beneficial Areas

The direct beneficial areas of this project include Anbanghe River Provincial Nature Reserve and Jixian County.

Anbanghe River Wetland Nature Reserve (AWNR) is located in the middle of the Sanjiang Plain, at 131°6'~131°32'24″ E and 46°53'07″~47°03'54″N. It lies in the middle and lower stream of Anbanghe River, covering an area of 10,295ha. AWNR is an inland wetland and aquatic eco-system. The core area of AWNR is 3,980ha, the buffer area is 2,436ha and the experimental area is 3,879ha. The AWNR has maintained the original landscape of Sanjiang Plain Wetland, and is typical and representative among areas at the same latitude. The marsh ecosystem, meadow ecosystem and aquatic ecosystem are well developed. The ecosystem diversifies and contains extensive ombrogenous, marshy and aquatic plants and wild animals. There are 394 species of wild plants and 218 species of wild animals within AWNR, in which 18 species are nationally protected, including 2 species of Level-I national key protected animals and 16 Level-II protected animals, such as red-crowned crane, whooper swam, eastern white stork and white spoonbill, etc. These plants and animals compose a huge gene bank of wild animals and plants, providing high scientific value. In January 11th 2001, AWNR was designated a provincial wetland natural reserve by Heilongjiang Provincial Government

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(HPG). See Figure 1-2 and 1-3.

Figure 1-2 Map of Anbanghe River Wetland Natural Reserve

Figure 1-3 Anbanghe River Wetland Natural Reserve 1.4 Design Process of the Project

The Project was firstly proposed in 2003 and the project proposal was also prepared then. In response to project progress and ADB requirements, the management authority of AWNR prepared the draft resettlement plan (DRP) for this project in November 2004. In April 2008, the management authority of AWNR revised the DRP into a complete resettlement plan (RP) with assistance from the resettlement specialist of the consulting company Landell Mills Ltd.

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1.5 Project Investment and Financing

The Project is an ecological and environmental protection project, proposed by HPG. The project investment is composed of domestic funds, ADB loan and GEF grant. The resettlement works will be fully funded by domestic funds.

1.6 Measures to mitigate adverse impacts

Opinions of all parties were fully considered during the planning process of the Project. The scale and locations of returned farmland were fully discussed. In order to minimize adverse impacts of the Project, farmlands restored to wetland will be located within the core area of the reserve. Providing sustainable ecological development, returned farmlands shall be restricted, as much as possible, to those with bad soil quality, unsatisfactory future and fewer APs.

According to the original proposal, the management authority of AWNR planned to return 60ha farmland in the pilot area to wetland. 50 households would be affected. However, part of these farmlands are “basic” farmland which is difficult to be returned due to legal approvals and compensation considerations. The management authority of AWNR therefore decided to revise the original plan and reselected a 60ha land plot, which lies at the east side of the main road in the tourist park and belongs to the former Reed Company. This part of land was used for raising reeds and no residents would be impacted. The returning of this part of land has been completed during 2006 and 2007.

1.7 Objectives of Resettlement

„ All the involuntary resettlement works will be implemented as a component of the project construction and sufficient funds will be provided to resettlers to ensure they benefit from the Project;

„ Resettlers will be fully compensated before the commencement of construction and land acquisition;

„ Resettlers will be encouraged to participate in the preparation and implementation of the RP, and the opinions of resettlers on resettlement methods will be fully considered; and

„ The production and living standards of resettlers shall be recovered or improved to the level as before resettlement and project implementation.

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2 Project Impacts

In order to further understand the social and economic conditions and the basic information of the APs, the implementing agency (IA), in response to ADB requirement, conducted several socioeconomic surveys during June 2004 and April 2008 within the project area and analyzed the results. The surveys and results are summarized below.

2.1 Approach

All the data concerning about the impacts of the Project were collected by Anbanghe River Wetland Nature Reserve Bureau (AWNRB) under the guidance of consultants, and these data were reviewed and verified by the consultants. In conducting these surveys, staff from AWNRB and consultants visited all the stakeholders and consulted with affected groups several times.

2.2 Scope

The socioeconomic survey contains three parts: i) project impact investigation, including the ownership of farmland proposed to be returned, historical usage of returned farmland, affected surface attachments and affected enterprises; ii) socioeconomic investigation on affected individuals and business, including the income structure, employment or operation conditions, among which, full investigation and analysis have been conducted on the affected AWNRB (former Reed Company).

2.3 Organization and Process

During the investigation, the opinions from Jixian County Government (JCG) were consulted, and discussions participated by stakeholders were held. Particularly, opinions of staff from AWNRB and Jixian County Land Resources Management Department on resettlement issues were collected.

2.4 Results of Project Impact Assessment (PIA)

According to project design, within the overall framework of SPWPP, Jixian County is involved in the Basin Water Resources Management Subproject, the Nature Reserve Management Subproject, the Livelihood Replacement Subproject and the Nature Reserve Capability Building Subproject, in which the wetland restoration works in the Nature Reserve Subproject will produce some adverse social impacts and will generate some resettlement issues.

According to statistics, a total of 250ha farmland will be restored to wetland in this project. As

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these farmlands were owned and cultivated by AWNRB which received the revenue as well, AWNRB is the major affected unit. The APs of this project are the staff of AWNRB at the time of 2004 when returning of farmland started, which was a total of 40 persons (see Table 2-1).

Table 2-1 Summary of Project Impacts

Farmland to Wetland Restoration Item Area (ha) Affected Institute APs (person) Farmlan to Wetland 250 AWNRB 40 Restoration Total 250 40 Source: Data from AWNRB 2.5 Land Impacts

According to project design, a total of 250ha farmland in the core area of AWNR was to be restored to wetland.

Based on results of investigation, this farmland had been reclaimed and was owned by the former Jixian County Reed Company in the 1980s and 1990s. The Land Certificate of this farmland was issued in December 1983, which indicated that this land would be used for raising reeds. See Appendix II for details. In 2002, JCG re-assigned the management station of the former Reed Company as a department of AWNRB, and decided to put the land owned by the former Reed Company under the administration and ownership of AWNRB. As such, the farmland proposed to be converted is state-owned land owned by AWNRB. Jixian County Land Resources Management Bureau provided the certificate that proves the Land Certificate of former Reed Company is still effective. See Figure 5 in Appendix II for details.

Based on the Regulations on Wetland Protection and Project Planning, it was decided that a total of 250ha farmland would be converted into wetland to maintain the original landscape of wetland and restore the function of wetland. Considerable arrangements needed to be developed for all the affected staff to help them restore income as soon as possible. After the completion of resettlement, the farmland that has ceased cropping will be restored to wetland.

In 2004, there were totoally 15000mu dryland within the Nature Reserve, among which, 80% was planting soybean and 20% was planting corn. The total agricultural income of AWNR is about 0.8 million yuan, 72.7% of the total income; the other income of AWNR is about 0.3 million yuan, 27.3% of total, which comes from tourism. After restoration of 3750 mu farmland, it was estimated that the AWNR will lose 0.2 milllion yuan annually, about 18% of the total.

Detailed impacts of farmland to wetland restoration are summarized in Table 2-2.

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Table 2-2 Impacts of Farmland -Wetland Restoration

Before Restoration Impacts Proportion Work Scope Location State-owned State-owned Population State-owned Institute Staff Institute Staffs loss Land (ha) Land (ha) (%) Land (ha) Restoration Jixian 18% of Farmland AWNRB 40 3116 AWNRB 40 250 100% 8.02% County to Wetland Table 2-3 Land Uses Before and After Farmland-Wetland Restoration

Before After Location Area (ha) Date Land Land Ownership Ownership Type Condition West Side of Main Road in Wetland in 90 2004-2005 Farmland AWNRB AWNRB Tourist Park restoration West Side of M&M Station in Wetland in 100 2005-2006 Farmland AWNRB AWNRB Core Area restoration East Side of Main Road in Wetland in 60 2006-2007 Farmland AWNRB AWNRB Tourist Park restoration

2.6 Analysis of Affected Persons

According to results of investigation, as AWNRB was a self-supported organization, the ownership of all land belongs to the State and the user rights belong to the AWNRB. All farmland is cultivated by AWNRB themselves. The workers had not contracted the concerned farmland. All farmland income is submitted to the AWNRB and the farmland income is not related with worker's salary. The worker's salary is decided by their position, technical post and working seniority. Hence the affected population includes all the staff of AWNRB up to April 2004, a total of 40 persons.

Talbe 2-4 Summary of Affect Households and Persons

Total Proportion of Affected Proportion of Affected Institute Affect Population Population Households Population

AWNRB 40 40 100% 100%

2.7 Analysis of Affected Buildings

No house demolition is involved in this project.

2.8 Vulnerable Groups

No vulnerable groups are involved in this project.

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2.9 Other Impacts

The project area has a few ethnic minorities, but no minority population will be directly impacted in this project and no cultural resources will be impacted.

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3 Socioeconomic Suvey

In order to further understand the socioeconomic conditions and basic information of APs within the project area, and also in response to ADB requirement, the PMO kicked off the socioeconomic survey in April 2004. As the project involves no resettlement impacts and farmland planned to be restored is state-owned land, and all the APs are staff of AWNRB with no nearby rural residents impacted, hence the scope of socioeconomic survey was limited to AWNRB (former Reed Company). Besides, according to ADB requirement, follow-up investigation has been conducted on 40 staff that are affected by the Project.

3.1 Socioeconomic Survey in Project Area

The impacted area of this project is Jixian County in Heilongjiang Province.

Jixian County lies in the middle of Sanjiang Plain at the northeastern part of Heilongjiang Province. It is adjacent to Wanda Mountain in the south and Sanjiang Plain in the north, governing 5 towns, 3 townships, 153 administrative villages, 6 agricultural trading companies, and Erjiuyi and Bijiashan State-owned Farms, with a total jurisdiction of 2,283km2.

Jixian County is known for “30% hilly areas, 5% water surface and 65% farmland” and lives on agriculture. The total farmland area of the county is 1,938,000mu, or 6.7mu per person. The primary crops include rice, maize, soybean and other crops and vegetables. There are about 150 species of wormwoods that belong to 40 families growing in the farmland, such as Herba Cirsii, chicory, orient cocklebur and celery wormwood, etc.

In 2006, the GDP of Jixian County was RMB 3.26 billion, 157% up from 2002 and 26.6% up annually; the total fixed-assets investment was RMB 900 million, 190% up from 2002 and 30.5% up annually; the proportion of primary, secondary and tertiary industries was adjusted from 40:33:25 to 35:40:25; the amount of non-publicly owned economic entities reached 9,952; and Jixian County was honored as Provincial Excellent County in Developing Non-Publicly Owned Economy. The integrated economic power of Jixian County ranked the 18th of Heilongjiang Province in 2005, up from 52nd in 2002. The goal of doubling the GDP was achieved 5 years earlier than planned.

Up to 2006, the total amount of households was 106,553 and the total population was 317,876, including 162,756 men and 155,120 women.1

1 All the data come from the Jixian County Business Guideline and Jixian County Economic Yearbook (2006) 11

3.2 Farmland Restoration Impacts

The survey focused on 6 aspects of project impacts, including: affected institution (AI), basic information on the staff of AI, income of staff of AI, expenditures of staff of AI, and analysis of income and expenditure structures of staff of AI.

3.3 Basic Information of Affected Institution

The only affected institution in this project is AWNRB.

AWNRB is a government sponsored business formerly called Jixian County Reed Company (hereinafter refered to as JCRC). In 1973, JCG established the county-level reed natural reserve and set up the state-owned JCRC in 1976. In 1996, the reserve was promoted to municipal reed nature reserve and re-named as Wetland Nature Reserve. In 2000, AWNRB was established. In 2001, the reserve was promoted to provincial wetland nature reserve. In 2002, in order to rationalize the relationships, JCG assigned JCRC as a department of AWNRB which took over all the debts, personnel and operations of JCRC at the same time. Due to unsatisfactory condition of reed market, JCRC was significantly short of money and had to raise crops (mainly of soybean) apart from reed business to meet its financial requirement. After the takeover of JCRC by AWNRB, AWNRB was responsible for the salaries of the staff of JCRC.

The farmland planned to be returned in this project was the land cultivated by JCRC. However, as JCRC has been integrated into AWNRB in 2002, the affected institute of this project became AWNRB in 2004 when the restoration commenced.

3.4 Basic Information of Staffs before Farmland Restoration

AWNRB, the affected institute, is a government sponsored business. At the time of April 2004 when the restoration started, there were 40 registered staff of AWNRB (including 26 working staff and 14 internal retirees) and 10 formal retirees whose salaries were paid by the Social Security Bureau. At the initial period of its establishment, AWNRB relied on reed and crop cultivation to provide funds for salaries and other expenditures. As the reed base had limited production and the price of reed was low at that time, AWNRB was short of money, even to pay salaries to its staff. The basic information of AWNRB’s staffs in 2004 is summarized below in Table 3-1.

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Table 3-1 Summary of Staff of AWNRB (2004)2

No. Name Gender Ethnic Group Birth Date Accession Date Official or Worker Title Positoin

1 He Jingshi Male Han 1958.4 1978.3 Official Deputy Prof. Director 2 Guo Zhi Male Han 1951.2 1968.5 Official Political Engineer Secretary of CPC 3 Jiang Rong Male Han 1957.6 1977.4 Official Engineer Deputy Director 4 Huang Shuxia Female Han 1965.5 1981.7 Official Political Engineer Line Manager 5 Xing Fengxia Female Han 1965.3 1983.1 Official Accountant Accountant 6 Pan Xiuhua Female Han 1961.2 1979.8 Official Political Engineer Staff 7 Wu Tao Male Han 1977.3 1996.7 Official Assistant Engineer Staff 8 Deng Zhongqiang Male Han 1979.4 1995.12 Official Assistant Engineer Line Manager 9 Zhao Xudong Male Han 1969.8 1985.4 Official Assistant Engineer Deputy Manager 10 Guo Gui Male Han 1953.5 1972.7 Official Assistant Engineer Deputy Manager 11 Lu Dunjin Male Han 1950.5 1969.3 Official Assistant Engineer Deputy Manager 12 Hong Aimin Male Han 1954.5 1975.7 Official Technician Line Manager 13 Li Xuming Male Han 1964.4 1984.1 Official Assistant Accountant Line Manager 14 Gao Tai Male Han 1958.9 1976.7 Worker / / 15 Tang Mingtong Male Han 1966.2 1987.7 Official Engineer Line Manager 16 Jiang Lifeng Male Han 1969.8 1988.6 Official Assistnat Engineer / 17 Zhu Yinghua Female Han 1968.1 1989.8 Official Assistant Engineer / 18 Cui Jinghong Female Han 1958.6 1976.7 Official Assistant Accountant / 19 Cui Jingying Female Han 1968.12 1986.12 Official Assistant Engineer / 20 Yang Haiyan Female Han 1975.2 1998.8 Official Assistant Engineer / 21 Xing Kai Male Han 1964.12 1980.1 Worker Senior Worker /

2 The data is the statistics in 2004 and is provided by the Financial Department of AWNRB. Three persons (Jin Zhijia, Guo Limin and Xu Chi) who joined AWNRB after 2004 are not included. 13

No. Name Gender Ethnic Group Birth Date Accession Date Official or Worker Title Positoin

22 Jin Male Han 1961.1 1981.3 Worker Senior Worker / 23 Zhang Guocai Male Han 1954.7 1973.6 Worker / / 24 Guo Wanchao Male Han 1961.1 1979.7 Worker / / 25 Pang Xudong Male Han 1974.2 1990.3 Worker / / 26 Liu Xiaohui Male Han 1961.9 1981.3 Official Assistant Economist / 27 Gao Hai Male Han 1956.9 1976.3 Worker / Line Manager 28 Li Mingyou Male Han 1958.12 1976.7 Worker / Liner Manager 29 Zheng Chunrui Male Han 1953.3 1970.11 Worker Economist Worker 30 Pang Yunjiang Male Han 1947.1 1966.5 Worker / Worker 31 Wu Xiangchen Male Han 1953.1 1970.11 Worker Assistant Economist Worker 32 Chen Wenbin Male Han 1960.6 1975.7 Worker / Worker 33 Sui Zhanjun Male Han 1962.12 1979.8 Worker / Worker 34 Yu Xiliang Male Han 1962.12 1979.1 Worker / Worker 35 Du Xiaoling Female Han 1959.3 1976.7 Worker / Worker 36 Jiang Guoquan Male Han 1955.9 1973.12 Worker / Worker 37 Tian Fengjun Male Han 1957.2 1977.5 Worker Senior Worker Worker 38 Zhang Lianshan Male Han 1953.1 1972.11 Worker Senior Worker Worker 39 Cheng Xin Female Han 1963.4 1980.12 Worker Senior Worker Worker 40 Dou Quanjun Male Han 1965.2 1982.5 Worker Intermediate Worker Worker

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3.5 Income of Affected Staff

In April 2004, AWNRB had 40 registered staff, including 26 working staff and 14 internal retirees. As AWNRB is a government-sponsored institution, its 40 staff are registered governmental staff. According to national and local policies, on-position staff of government-sponsored institution can not be engaged in other producing and operating activities, hence their incomes totally came from salaries. As such, the investigation focused on the salary revenues of AWNRB staffs before farmland restoration. In January 2004, the per capita income of AWNRB staff was RMB 872.95 per month. See Table 3-2 for details:

Table 3-2 Annual Income of Affected Staff of AWNRB of January 2004

Salary of January 2004 No. Name Position Income of 2003 (Yuan) 1 He Jingshi Director 1534 18408 2 Guo Zhi Secretary of CPC 1335 16020 3 Jiang Rong Deputy Director 1280 15360 4 Huang Shuxia Line Manager 845 10140 5 Xing Fengxia Accountant 915 10980 6 Pan Xiuhua Staff 938 11256 7 Wu Tao Staff 580 6960 8 Deng Zhongqiang Line Manager 580 6960 9 Zhao Xudong Deputy Manager 928 11136 10 Guo Gui Deputy Manager 971 11652 11 Lu Dunjin Deputy Manager 971 11652 12 Hong Aimin Line Manager 925 11100 13 Li Xuming Line Manager 928 11136 14 Gao Tai / 971 11652 15 Tang Mingtong Line Manager 1148 13776 16 Jiang Lifeng / 744 8928 17 Zhu Yinghua / 928 11136 18 Cui Jinghong / 981 11772 19 Cui Jingying / 818 9816 20 Yang Haiyan / 764 9168 21 Xing Kai / 833 9996 22 Jin Changchun / 872 10464 23 Zhang Guocai / 773 9276 24 Guo Wanchao / 680 8160 25 Pang Xudong / 740 8880 26 Liu Xiaohui / 971 11652 27 Gao Hai Line Manager 807 9684 28 Li Mingyou Liner Manager 740 8880 29 Zheng Chunrui Worker 740 8880 30 Pang Yunjiang Worker 807 9684 31 Wu Xiangchen Worker 740 8880

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Salary of January 2004 No. Name Position Income of 2003 (Yuan) 32 Chen Wenbin Worker 740 8880 33 Sui Zhanjun Worker 740 8880 34 Yu Xiliang Worker 707 8484 35 Du Xiaoling Worker 750 9000 36 Jiang Guoquan Worker 872 10464 37 Tian Fengjun Worker 872 10464 38 Zhang Lianshan Worker 872 10464 39 Cheng Xin Worker 805 9660 40 Dou Quanjun Worker 773 9276 Average 872.95 10475.4 3.6 Expenditures

The investigation team conducted detailed survey on expenditures of former JCRC staff. As the 40 AWNRB staff are all urban residents and have not been engaged in other producing and operating activities besides of their jobs in AWNRB, the scope of survey was limited to living expenditures of the 40 AWNRB staff. The annual consumptive expenditure was RMB 3,870.5 per capita in 2003. See Table 3-3 for details.

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Table 3-3 Summary of Expenditures of AWNRB Staff in 2003

Personal Expenditures of AWNRB Staff in 2003 (Yuan) Total No. Name Home equipments, Education and Food Clothes Housing Medical Care Traffic and Communications Others (Yuan/Person) consumptions and services Entertainment 1 He Jingshi 1250 600 800 200 500 500 400 100 4350 2 Guo Zhi 1230 730 670 200 500 400 400 100 4230 3 Jiang Rong 1300 500 800 150 1000 400 400 50 4600 4 Huang Shuxia 1280 450 800 180 500 350 450 50 4060 5 Xing Fengxia 1200 500 800 200 750 350 400 50 4250 6 Pan Xiuhua 1230 370 600 170 670 270 300 30 3640 7 Wu Tao 1130 330 330 130 270 200 500 20 2910 8 Deng Zhongqiang 1270 600 670 200 500 330 530 70 4170 9 Zhao Xudong 1270 530 630 180 500 300 500 50 3960 10 Guo Gui 1300 800 700 200 600 500 500 50 4650 11 Lu Dunjin 1200 500 700 150 600 300 400 50 3900 12 Hong Aimin 1270 470 670 150 670 330 500 30 4090 13 Li Xuming 1280 500 730 170 600 400 500 30 4210 14 Gao Tai 1070 500 730 130 670 270 470 30 3870 15 Tang Mingtong 1300 530 700 170 500 400 530 70 4200 16 Jiang Lifeng 1280 400 500 180 400 300 400 50 3510 17 Zhu Yinghua 1130 400 670 130 600 370 500 30 3830 18 Cui Jinghong 1280 530 730 150 670 400 430 50 4240 19 Cui Jingying 1270 600 800 170 830 500 530 40 4740 20 Yang Haiyan 1080 400 670 130 270 200 400 30 3180 21 Xing Kai 1250 430 700 170 400 300 430 50 3730 22 Jin Changchun 1580 600 650 150 450 400 450 30 4310

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Personal Expenditures of AWNRB Staff in 2003 (Yuan) Total No. Name Home equipments, Education and Food Clothes Housing Medical Care Traffic and Communications Others (Yuan/Person) consumptions and services Entertainment 23 Zhang Guocai 1300 400 700 140 750 300 400 30 4020 24 Guo Wanchao 1250 500 600 130 400 300 400 30 3610 25 Pang Xudong 1400 800 700 200 600 500 500 100 4800 26 Liu Xiaohui 1170 330 670 130 470 270 430 30 3500 27 Gao Hai 1130 330 630 100 500 270 500 30 3490 28 Li Mingyou 1280 500 700 150 500 350 450 40 3970 29 Zheng Chunrui 1100 300 600 130 750 250 300 30 3460 30 Pang Yunjiang 1400 500 750 150 500 400 500 50 4250 31 Wu Xiangchen 1150 300 600 140 400 300 450 40 3380 32 Chen Wenbin 1300 450 650 150 500 350 500 50 3950 33 Sui Zhanjun 1070 330 670 100 400 270 400 30 3270 34 Yu Xiliang 1000 320 600 150 350 350 400 50 3320 35 Du Xiaoling 1150 400 800 180 500 350 450 100 3930 36 Jiang Guoquan 1000 300 500 100 550 350 400 50 3250 37 Tian Fengjun 1300 400 600 120 700 300 300 100 3820 38 Zhang Lianshan 1000 300 350 100 460 200 400 60 2870 39 Cheng Xin 1200 500 600 200 500 350 400 100 3850 40 Dou Quanjun 1000 400 500 150 500 300 500 100 3450 Per Capita 1216.25 465.75 656.75 154.5 544.5 338.25 440 52 3870.5 Total 48650 18630 26270 6180 21780 13530 17600 2080 154820

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From above data, we can see that in 2003, the per capita expenditure of AWNRB staffs was RMB 3,870.5, in which the largest portion was taken by foods, as 31.42%, followed by expenditures in housing, as 16.97%. See Table 3-4 for detailed analysis and results.

Table 3-4 Analysis of Personal Expenditures of AWNRB Staffs in 2003

Item Amount (Yuan) Percentage (%) Living Expenditures in 2003 154820 100% Food 48650 31.42% Clothes 18630 12.03% Housing 26270 16.97% Home Equipemnts, Products and Services 6180 3.99% Medical Care 21780 14.07% Traffic and Communications 13530 8.74% Education and Entertainment 17600 11.37% Others 2180 1.4% Source: From above Table 4-3 The above results can be used to produce the following graph as indicated in Figure 4-1.

Figure 3-1 Consumptive Expenditure Structure 3.7 Integrated Analysis of Income and Expenditure

Based on above income and expenditure data, the net per capita income of AWNRB staffs can be calculated at RMB 6,604.9 in 2003.

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Table 3-5 Integrated Analysis of Income and Expenditure of AWNRB Staffs in 2003

Item Amount (yuan) Per Capta Income 10475.4 Per Capita Consumptive Expenditure 3870.5 Net Per Capita Income 6604.9 Source: Derived from existing data 3.8 Ethnic Groups

No indigenous or minority groups are involved in this project.

3.9 Vulnerable Groups

No vulnerable groups are involved in this project.

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4 Resettlement Legal and Policy Framework

Relevant Laws and Policies for Resettlement:

„ Property Law of P.R. China (2007)

„ Land Administrative Law of P.R. China (2004)

„ Nature Reserve Regulations of P.R. China (1994)

„ Land Administrative Regulations of Heilongjiang Province (2000)

„ Wetland Conservation Regulations of Heilongjiang Province (2003)

„ ADB’s Involuntary Resettlement Policy (1995).

4.1 Land Acquisition and Compensation Policy

Property Law of P.R. China:

Article 39 The owner of a realty or chattel is entitled to possess, utilize, seek profits from and dispose of the realty or chattel in accordance with law.

Land Administrative Law of P.R. China:

Article 2 P.R. China carries out socialism public ownership of land, which is ownership by the whole people and laboring concourse collectivity. Owned by the whole people means ownership of all land carried out by state council representing China. Any unit and individual cannot invade, deal or transfer land by any other illegal way. Use of land can be transferred in law. State can acquire land of collective-owned for public interests and give compensation. State can implement payable use system for state-owned land.

Article 12 Change the ownership and usage of land in law should go through the formalities of land ownership change register.

Article 13 Land ownership and usage registered in law protect by law, any unit and individual cannot invade.

Article 39 Land which are not reclaimed or used need go through scientific argumentation and evaluation to verify that it is in the reclaimed area. It is forbidden to damage forests and grasslands and filling-in lakes to reclaim farmland and invading banks of rivers. According to the general layout of land usage, land, which is reclaimed by by damage to the ecological environment, should be converted to forest,

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grassland or lakes.

Article 47 Land requisitioned shall be compensated for on the basis of its original purpose of use.

Nature Reserve Regulations of P.R. China:

Article 18 Nature Reserves can be divided into core zone, buffer area and experimental area. Centralized distributing area of perfect ecological system and rare fauna and flora is core zone. It is forbidden for any individual to enter. And scientific research activities are not allowed unless approved according to article 11 of the regulation. Periphery of core zone is the buffer area and only scientific research activities are allowed here. Periphery of buffer area is experimental area and scientific experiment, teaching and practice, visit and seeing, tourism, domestication and reproduction of rare and severely ill species etc. are allowed here.

Article 26 The following activities are forbidden: felling, grazing, fishing, picking, reclaiming, burning, mining, quarrying, dredging for sands etc.. But law and regulations stipulate the exception.

Land Administrative Regulations of Heilongjiang Province:

Article 8 Change using right and ownership of land in law, transfer buildings and constructions attached to land in law resulting in the change of land purpose, needs to register the change of land ownership and user right and purpose. The change of land ownership and user rights become effective from the date of registration.

Article 20 Farmland restoration to forest, herd and fishery caused by agricultural adjustment should be carried out according to the general layout of land usage and is reviewed by the local land administrative department of county and city government, and then report to city and county government for approval.

Article 24 Examination and approval limits of acquisition land owned by farmer collective: (1) cultivated land, not included in capital farm land, that is less than 35 hectares, or others less than 70 ha, should be approved by provincial government and reported to state council on file; (2) otherwise, it should be approved by state council. When the State acquires land owned by a collective, unit or individual, it should be surrendered on time.

Wetland Conservation Regulations of Heilongjiang Province:

Article 27 Wetland conservation areas can be divided into core zone, buffer area and

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experimental area in line with national regulations.

Article 28 Without approval, any individual cannot enter the core zone of Wetland conservation areas. For teaching and scientific research activities a request and activities plan should be submitted to the administrative department of the wetland conservation area and approved by the forest administration department above provincial level. It is prohibited for people to settle in wetland conservation areas. Existing settled people in Wetland conservation areas should move out within the time frame given by government above county level, and production should stop.

4.2 Applicable Legal and Administrative Procedures

Land Administrative Law of P.R. China：

Article 46 Land acquired by state, after approval as per legal procedures, should be announced and carried out by government above county level. Owners and user of acquired land should transact requisition compensation register with certificate of land within time limit stipulated by announcement.

4.3 Compensation Provisions

Land Administrative Law of P.R. China：

Article 47 Land requisitioned shall be compensated for on the basis of its original purpose of use. Compensation for requisitioned cultivated land shall include compensation for land, resettlement subsidies and attachments and young crops on the requisitioned land.

Land Administrative Regulations of Heilongjiang Province:

Article 26 Compensation for land, resettlement subsidies and building and attachments and young crops on the requisitioned land should be paid to the requisitioned unit. Owners and users of acquired land should go to the local government and transact requisition compensation register with certificate of land.

Land compensation should be paid to the ownership unit of the collective. And collective economic organization should set up an account, which is used for living subsidy of requisitioned farmers and infrastructure construction of the collective and setting up enterprises. Usage of land compensation should be agreed by over two thirds of members of villager meeting or over two thirds of villager representatives, and reported to county government for approval.

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Land compensation for people resettled by collective economic organization should be paid to ownership unit of collective land. Land compensation for people resettled by other unit should be paid to resettlement unit. Land compensation for people, who do not need unified resettlement, after approval of them and when they sign agreement, can be paid to them or for their insurance cost.

Compensation for young crop, building and attachment will be paid to contract person of land or its owner. Any unit and individual cannot occupy and embezzle land compensation, subsidy and other payment.

Article 29 Yong crops should be compensated as per its production value in the same season of the same year.

Attachment such as buildings and constructions should be compensated as per stipulations of state or province or agreement of both sides. Without agreement, city or county government will determine as per actual loss.

Before land requisition, and after the land administration department in charge of the city or county issues a bulletin for land requisition, crops, trees planted and establishments constructed will not be compensated.

Article 30 Construction projects, approved by law to use stated-owned farmland of other units with legal user rights, should pay compensation and resettlement cost as per the standard for land requisition.

4.4 Institutional Responsibilities

Land Administrative Law of P.R. China：

Article 66 Land Administration department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall supervise over and inspect violations of laws and regulations governing land administration. Supervisors over and inspectors of land administration shall be familiar with the laws and regulations governing land administration and they shall be devoted to their duties and enforce laws impartially.

Article 70 Where, in the course of supervision and inspection, land administration departments of the people’s government at or above the county level find any violations by State functionaries and believe that administrative sanctions need be given to such functionaries, they shall deal with such violation in accordance with law; if they have no right to do so, they shall propose in writing to the administrative supervision departments of the people’s governments at the corresponding or a

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higher level that administrative sanctions be given to the functionaries, and the administrative supervision departments concerned shall deal with the violations in accordance with law.

Article 79 Whoever embezzles or misappropriates the compensation or other relevant charges paid to a unit whose land is requisitioned, if the violation constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law; if the violation is not serious enough to constitute a crime, he shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law.

4.5 Resettlement Policies of ADB

„ Resettlement shall be avoided where possible.

„ If resettlement is unvoided, then multiple options shall be developed to minimize the amount of resettlers and to prepare a resettlement plan.

„ Compensation and assistance shall be provided for resettlers to improve, or at least maintain their economic and social lives.

„ Resettlers shall be fully informed and consulted in the process of resettlement and compensation.

„ Resettlers with no formal rights of land shall also be compensated; those households composed mainly of women or other vulnerable groups, such as indigenous people and minorities, shall be provided with special assistance to raise their social status.

„ Resettlement shall be planned and implemented as part of the project where possible, and the costs for resettlement and compensation shall be included in the project budget and profit.

„ Costs for resettlement and compensation could be funded with a bank loan from the project.

„ Participation of shareholders shall be emphasized during the planning and implementation of RP.

„ Establish transparent appeal mechanism.

„ Publish resettlement plan and implementation policies to resettlers.

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5 Resettlement Compensation Rate and Entitlement Matrix

The project resettlement policy is formulated on the basis of the relevant resettlement policies of the People’s Republic of China, Heilongjiang Provincial Government and Jixian County Government as well as ADB.

5.1 Compensation Rate for Farmland to Wetland Restoration

After returning farmland to wetland, AWNRB will lose partial revenue and some staff need to change jobs. Thereafter, according to ADB policies and Project Loan Agreement (LA), these losses shall be funded by central and local governments. In order to calculate future loss of land, RP will adopt the net present value (NPV) method to count future opportunity benefit of land and finally determinate the compensation rate for Jixian County.

5.2 Cost-benefit Analysis of Farmland

According to the survey on the farmers who are planting in the core area of Anbanghe River Nature Reserve, land in wetland is dry land with high latitude, only soybean can be planted there and yield is low. See Table 5-1 for details.

Table 5-1 Cost and Benefit of Farmland in Core Area (2001-2003)

Item Unit Dry Land (soybean) Seedling Yuan/mu 25 Fertilizer Yuan/mu 27 Pesticide Yuan/mu 20 Cost Cost for machine Yuan/mu 60 Manpower Yuan/mu 20 Subtotal Yuan/mu 152 Yield kg/mu 100 Unit price yuan/kg 2.5 Benefit Production Value Yuan/mu 250 Net Production Value Yuan/mu 98 Source: relevant information from AWNRB

Most of these farmlands mainly planted with soybean. As these farmlands are located in the very middle of the wetland within the flood retarding basin, no harvests are often observed. In addition, the temperature in the wetland is low with frequent morning frosts, leading to low yield. Hence, the agricultural yield in the core area is

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lower( 98yuan/mu) than average of Jixian County (122.5yuan/mu).

Soybeans were sold at a high price, that is, 2.5 yuan/kg in 2001-2003, as surveyed.

It can be seen from Table 5-1 that the net production value of soybean was only 98 yuan per mu. This was mainly due to poor soil quality and frequent natural disasters in the wetland core area. Therefore the net benefit of these lands was obviously lower than that of the normal farmland at present. In order to calculate future opportunity benefit of land more accurately and in response to the full recovery principle of ADB, the RP will adopt the net benefit of lands in Jixian County as a calculation basis.

According to data from Jixian Agricultural Development Committee, the total planting area is 1,800 thousand mu in 2003, of which soybean area accounts for 53.54%. See Table 5-2 for details.

Table 5-2 Planting Structure of Crops in Jixian (2003)

Plant variety Planting area (mu) Planting structure Wheat 960 0.05% Soybean 968040 53.54% Corn 429390 23.48% Rice 86175 4.8% Red bean 855 0.05% White melon 60375 3.3% Beet 3150 0.17% Toasted tobacco 21150 1.17% Irish potato 51705 2.86% Melon 57570 3.18% Vegetable 106665 5.9% Earthnut 360 0.02% Helianthus 7350 0.04% Others 14280 0.79% Total 1808025 100.0% Source: Jixian Agricultrual Development Committee

Since land affected by the project is dry land, and the crop is soybean, it is one of the crops with the biggest planting area in the whole county. So it is necessary to analyze average cost and benefit of soybean. Table 5-3 shows average cost and benefit of soybean and grain crop. Same as Table 5-1, land contracting cost is not taken into consideration. From the table, the average net production value of normal soybean in the whole county is 122.5yuan annually, and obviously higher than that in wetland core area.

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Table 5-3 Cost and Benefit of Main Crops in Jixian County

Soybean Rice Item Wheat Corn Normal High grease Transplant Direct Tax on agriculture 22.9 22.9 22.9 23 37.9 37.9 Seedling 27.5 13.5 13 8.5 5.7 40.4 Fertilizer 33 22.7 31 38.3 42.2 32.1 Pesticide 3.2 5.6 6.3 3.8 10 17.4 Cost (yuan/mu) Cost for machine 40 57 49.9 68.8 81.1 82.5 Manpower 4.9 6.8 6.6 28.8 55.7 22.1 Cost for water and power 21.3 15 Subtotal 131.5 128.5 129.7 171.2 253.9 247.4 Output (kg/mu) 284.3 129.3 134 442 508.2 385 Production value (yuan/mu) 246.5 251 263 311 471.7 357.6 Net production value (yuan/mu) 115 122.5 133.3 139.8 217.8 110.2 Planting area (10 thousand mu) 11880 644460 135645 139170 Source: Jixian Agricultural Development Committee

5.3 Land Opportunity Benefit Analysis

According to net production value of Jixian County, net present value (NPV) method is used to calculate average future opportunity benefit of lands. The equation is as follows:

i n −+ 1)1( = ANPV n + ii )1(

Where: NPV is net present value, A is annual net production value, i is internal rate of return (IRR).

In order to provide various schemes for determining the land compensation rate, 3%， 5%，7%，10% and 12% are taken as IRR respectively，calculation cycle takes 10years，20 years，30 years，40 years，50 years，70 years and 100 years. Table 5-4 to Table 5-9 show various land future opportunity benefit with different internal rate of return.

Table 5-4 Average Future Opportunity Benefit of Lands in Jixian County (i=3%)

i Calculation duration Soybean Rice Wheat Corn % (year) Normal High grease Transplant Direct Net production value 115 122.5 133.3 139.8 217.8 110.2 3% 10 981.0 1044.9 1137.1 1192.5 1857.9 940.0 3% 20 1710.9 1822.5 1983.2 2079.9 3240.3 1639.5 3% 30 2254.1 2401.1 2612.7 2740.1 4269.0 2160.0 3% 40 2658.2 2831.6 3081.2 3231.4 5034.4 2547.2 3% 50 2958.9 3151.9 3429.8 3597.0 5603.9 2835.4 3% 70 3349.2 3567.6 3882.2 4071.5 6343.1 3209.4 3% 100 3633.9 3870.9 4212.1 4417.5 6882.2 3482.2

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Table 5-5 Average Future Opportunity Benefit of Lands in Jixian County (i=5%)

i Calculation duration Soybean Rice Wheat Corn % (year) Normal High grease Transplant Direct Net production value 115 122.5 133.3 139.8 217.8 110.2 5% 10 888.0 945.9 1029.3 1079.5 1681.8 850.9 5% 20 1433.2 1526.6 1661.2 1742.2 2714.3 1373.3 5% 30 1767.8 1883.1 2049.1 2149.1 3348.1 1694.0 5% 40 1973.3 2102.0 2287.3 2398.8 3737.2 1890.9 5% 50 2099.4 2236.4 2433.5 2552.2 3976.1 2011.8 5% 70 2224.4 2369.5 2578.4 2704.1 4212.8 2131.6 5% 100 2282.5 2431.4 2645.7 2774.7 4322.9 2187.2

Table 5-6 Average Future Opportunity Benefit of Lands in Jixian County (i=7%)

i Calculation duration Soybean Rice Wheat Corn % (year) Normal High grease Transplant Direct Net production value 115 122.5 133.3 139.8 217.8 110.2 7% 10 807.7 860.4 936.2 981.9 1529.7 774.0 7% 20 1218.3 1297.8 1412.2 1481.0 2307.4 1167.5 7% 30 1427.0 1520.1 1654.1 1734.8 2702.7 1367.5 7% 40 1533.1 1633.1 1777.1 1863.8 2903.6 1469.2 7% 50 1587.1 1690.6 1839.6 1929.3 3005.8 1520.8 7% 70 1628.4 1734.6 1887.6 1979.6 3084.1 1560.5 7% 100 1641.0 1748.0 1902.1 1994.8 3107.8 1572.5

Table 5-7 Average Future Opportunity Benefit of Lands in Jixian County (i=10%)

i Calculation duration Soybean Rice Wheat Corn % (year) Normal High grease Transplant Direct Net production value 115 122.5 133.3 139.8 217.8 110.2 10% 10 706.6 752.7 819.1 859.0 1338.3 677.1 10% 20 979.1 1042.9 1134.9 1190.2 1854.3 938.2 10% 30 1084.1 1154.8 1256.6 1317.9 2053.2 1038.8 10% 40 1124.6 1197.9 1303.5 1367.1 2129.9 1077.7 10% 50 1140.2 1214.6 1321.6 1386.1 2159.4 1092.6 10% 70 1148.5 1223.4 1331.3 1396.2 2175.2 1100.6 10% 100 1149.9 1224.9 1332.9 1397.9 2177.8 1101.9

Table 5-8 Average Future Opportunity Benefit of Lands in Jixian County (i=12%)

i Calculation duration Soybean Rice Wheat Corn % (year) Normal High grease Transplant Direct Net production value 115 122.5 133.3 139.8 217.8 110.2 12% 20 859.0 915.0 995.7 1044.2 1626.8 823.1 12% 30 926.3 986.8 1073.8 1126.1 1754.4 887.7 12% 40 948.0 1009.9 1098.9 1152.5 1795.5 908.5 12% 50 955.0 1017.3 1107.0 1161.0 1808.7 915.2 12% 70 958.0 1020.5 1110.4 1164.6 1814.3 918.0 12% 100 958.3 1020.8 1110.8 1165.0 1815.0 918.3

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5.4 Determination of Compensation Rate for Restoration of Farmland to Wetland

Based on above results, the 5% IRR is selected, mainly for two reasons: 1) the yearly interest rate of the longest fixed deposit (5 years) of commercial bank is about 3%, so the IRR selected shall be higher than 3% at least; and 2) the average development rate of agriculture obviously lags behind those of other industries and is lower than the average growth rate, so the social IRR 12% can not be used.

Based on above results, the main crop planted on dry land is soybean. Taking 5% as IRR, 100 years as calculation duration, net present value for net production value of normal and high grease soybean are 2431.4 yuan/mu and 2635.7 yuan/mu respectively. Based on survey, planting area of normal soybean is larger than that of high grease soybean. According to weighted averages, compensation rate for dry land in the project is 2500 yuan/mu.

5.5 Entitlement Matrix

Table 5-5-9 Entitlement Matrix

APs Policy Compensation rates AWNRB z Compensated 2500yuan/mu Staff of z Employment opportunities

AWNRB z Priority to receive alternative livelihood schemes

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6 Rehabilitation and Income Restoration Measures

6.1 Preparation of Resettlement

Based on the survey, a total of 250ha farmland will be restored to wetland, which is state-owned land under ownership of AWNRB. Jixian County is the pilot county for detailed land survey in 1980, and obtained Land Use Certificate in 1983 which is still effective up to now.

In order for better preparation, AWNRB held a Project Leading Group (PLG) meeting on April 12, 2004, to discuss the farmland restoration plan and staffing schedule.

Following decisions have been made on this meeting:

A total of 250ha farmland will be restored from 2004 to 2007.

Planting will be stopped first before the commencement of restoration, 90ha of farmland will quit planting in 2004 at the northwestern side of main road in Tourist Park, and restoration will be started from 2005 gradually.

100ha of farmland will quit planting in 2005 at the west side of main road in the core area, and restoration will be started from 2006 gradually.

60ha of farmland will quit planting in 2006 at the east side of main road in Tourist Park, and restoration will be started from 2007 gradually.

It was determined on the meeting that the restoration of farmland to wetland should be led by Zhao Xudong, the Deputy Direct of AWNRB, meanwhile a leading group was established.

It was agreed on the meeting that as AWNRB was a state sponsored institution and the restoration of farmland would reduce the disposable revenue of AWNRB, it must obtain the support and fund from central government to develop alternative livelihood schemes.

6.2 Rehabilitation plan

According to project design, a total of 3750mu(250ha) farmland in the core area of AWNR will be restored to wetland. A total of 250ha farmland will be restored to wetland in this project. As these farmlands were owned and cultivated by AWNRB which received the revenue as well, AWNRB is the only one affected unit. The APs of

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this project are the staff of AWNRB at the time of 2004 when returning of farmland started, as a total of 40 persons. As AWNRB is a government sponsored institution, AWNRB has re-arranged the affected persons’ work since 2004, when they began to receive the compensation from the government. Furthermore, the annual investment from government should be larger than the annual income loss amount (0.2 million yuan). AMNRB will utilize these investment funds and develop livelihood alternatives such as eco-tourism and so on, so as to ensure all APs have their new and sustainable work positioin and ensure their livelihood standard will not decrease.

To ensure this target and after further discussion, JCSPWPPLG decided to exempt the requirement of AMNRB to submit nonbusiness incomes to the County, as had been done before 2004. This measure will support the activities of wetland restoration and staff alternative livelihood development. The first exemption period is from 2004 to 2008, 5 years.and it will still go on in 2009.

At same time, to ensure the affected employees can rapidly qualify for their new position, JCSPWPPLG will provide more training opportunities for the APs.

The planned livelihood rehabilitation measures are shown in Table 6-1.

Table 6-1 Livelihood Rehabilitation Measures

Beneficiary Implementation Person in Resettlement Manner staff number period charge of 1.capacity building

Training on Monitoring and the knowledge of 40 2008.7-9 Jiang Rong monitoring equipment usage 2009.3-5 Liu Xiaohui Training on eco-park management and 20 2007.10 He Jinshi maintenance 2008.10 2009.5 Training on eco-toursim knownledge 15 2008.11 Jiang Rong 2009.3 Liu Xiaohui 2.Construction of eco-tourism

Construction of eco-tourism park Assign 13 staff 2007-2010 Jiang Rong working in it, including 7 original feed company staff.

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7 Schedule of Resettlement

Table 7-1 Resettlement Activities Milestones No. Resettlement Task Target Responsible Deadline Notes Agency 1. Information Disclosure 1.1 - Resettlement information JCRC Provincial 10/30/2008 booklet and Jixian PMOs 1.2 - Review RP Jixian County HPSPPMO 10/30/2008 - Publish RP on ADB website HPSPPMO, 10/30/2008 ADB 2. Resettlement Plan & Budget 2.1 -detail survey and prepare the AWNRB 11/20/2004 RP 2.2 - Approval of resettlement plan HPFD 1120/2004 and budget 2.3 - Determine compensation rate New policy HPG 11/31/2004 2.4 - Detailed survey & update RP HPSPPMO 9/15/2008 2.5 determined the updated Jixian HPSPPMO 9/30/2008 compensation rate County 3. Compensation Agreements 3.1 -compensation agreement AWNRB Jixian CRO 2/20/2005 4. Detailed survey Jixian County HPSPPMO 8/30/2004 5. Implementation Plan 5.1 - Staff Rearrangment Plan 40 staff AWNRB 5/10/2005 5.2 - Training plan for staff 40 staff aff AWNRB 1/30/2005 6. Monitoring & Evaluation 6.1 - Baseline survey APs M&E 11/30/2008 institute 6.2 - establish internal monitoring As per RP HPSPPMO/ 9/30/2008 Jixian CRO 6.3 - sign contract with external As per RP HPSPPMO 10/30/2008 monitoring institution 6.4 - internal monitoring report Quarterly HPSPPMO 10/20/2008 6.5 - external monitoring report Every half M&E 12/20/2008 year institute

7. Consultation Records As per RP HPSPPMO/ Ongoing Jixian CRO 8. Appealing Records As per Jixian Ongoing demands CRO/Village RO 9. Capital Flow/Compensation As per RP 9.1 - to HPSPPMO 20% of HPFD 4/20/2005 resettlement funds 9.2 To local afftected institution 4/30/2005

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8 Organization

8.1 Implementation Organizations

The departments responsible for planning, implementation, management and monitoring of resettlement activities involved in the project include:

„ Heilongjiang Provincial Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project Management Office (HPSPPMO)

„ Jixian County Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project Leading Group (JCSPWPPLG)

„ JCSPWPPO（Sub-project Management Organization）

„ AWNRB (Implementing Agency)

„ External monitoring institution

8.2 Responsibilities

1.1.1 HPSPPMO (Project Management Organization)

„ Organize to socioeconomic survey

„ Consult with departments and stipulate policies on requisition and demolition and resettlement

„ Organize and coordinate the compilation of RP

„ Ensure and coordinate the implementation of the resettlement plan according to the schedule of project construction

„ Allocate resettlement funds to JCSPWPPO and supervise the utilization of fund

„ Direct, coordinate and supervise the progress of RP

„ Organize and carry out internal monitoring, determine which institution will carry out external monitoring and coordinate external monitoring activities

„ Review monitoring reports

„ Prepare progress report and submit to development and innovation committee

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„ Coordinate to resolve the conflicts and issue encountered in the implementation of RP

1.1.2 JCSPWPPLG (Sub-project Leading Organization)

„ Organize and arrange declaration and implementation of sub-projects

„ Coordinate organizations concerned during the construction of sub-projects

„ Approve resettlement policies

„ Coordinate the conflicts during the resettlement

„ Examine and supervise schedule and results of resettlement

1.1.3 JCSPWPPO（Sub-project Management Organization）

„ Establish resettlement office

„ Organize socioeconomic survey

„ Determine and coordinate the implementation of resettlement plan according to schedule of project construction

„ Allocate resettlement funds to administrative bureau and supervise the utilization of fund

„ Direct, coordinate and supervise the progress of RP

„ Organize and carry out internal monitoring and coordinate external monitoring activities

„ Review monitoring reports

„ Prepare progress report and submit to HPSPPMO

„ Coordinate to resolve the conflicts and issue encountered in the implementation of RP

1.1.4 AWNRB (Implementing Agency)

„ Establish AWNR Resettlment Leading Group

„ Conduct practicality loss involved in requisition and demolition of wetland protection sub-project and socioeconomic survey

„ Consult with APs to develop policies in terms of land acquisition and resettlement

„ Participate in compilation of RP

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„ Implement and execute RP

„ Organize and carry out internal monitoring and coordinate external monitoring activities

„ Prepare progress report and submit to JCSPWPPO

„ Resolve the conflicts and issue encountered in the implementation of RP

1.1.5 External Monitoring Organization

„ Provide consultation in requisition and resettlement.

„ A qualified independent monitoring institution will monitor on RP and the implementation of it in all aspects and submit independent monitoring and evaluation reports to HPSPPMO and ADB. Its responsibility will be explained in External Monitoring in detail

8.3 Staffing

See Table 8-1 for resettlement institutions staffing involved in the project. The resettlement institutions involved in the project are well staffed and with high quality. The average number of regular staff is 11. Total number of staff will reach to 26. There are smooth information channels.

Table 8-1 Staffing of the Resettlement Institutions Involved in the Project

Total Professional Resettlement number of Workers Qualification of staff Start time Institutions staff (person) (person)

HPSPPMO 2 12 Civil servants, graduate 12

Governmental officials, graduate JCSPWPPLG 1 3 2 He Jingshi, Zhao Xudong, Guo AWNRB 2 5 Zhi, Huang Shuxia, Jin Changchun External monitoring 6 6 Resettlement experts 6 institution Total 11 26

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8.4 Organization Chart

SPWPP

JCSPWPPLG

EMEA

AWNRB

Figure 8-1 Jixian County Wetland Protection Project Resettlement Organization Chart 8.5 Measures for Strengthening Institutional Capacity

„ Provide sufficient funds and equipments, such as telephones, faxes and computers.

„ Establish Management Information System (MIS) for resettlement, manage the data concerned using computers, enhance information feedback, and ensure information be transmitted smoothly from the top down and the bottom up to letting the provincial PMO make decisions on major issues.

„ Enhance the report system and internal monitoring and solve the problems, if any, in time.

„ Strengthen external monitoring, and external monitoring and evaluation agency should point out the existing problems to the relevant authorities in time with the resolution proposals.

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9 Budget

The total cost of land acquisition and resettlement induced by Jixian Wetland Protection Subproject is RMB 10,218,800.

9.1 Total Cost

Table 9-1 Budget for Resettlement of Jixian Wetland Protection Subproject

Item Unit Quantity Compensation Cost Rate (yuan/unit) (10,000 yuan) A. Land compensation for mu 3750 2500 937.5 farmland restoration to wetland (250ha) B. Cost for resettlement survey 9.38 and RP preparation 1% C. External M&E cost 1% 9.38 D. Management Fee 1% 9.38 E. Training Fee for staff 1% 9.38 F. Contingency 5% 46.88 Total Cost 1021.88

9.2 Funding and Annual Investment Plan

The resettlement work will be funded by budget from JCG and local government. For the detail, please see the Due Dillegence in the

Appendix 6.

Annual investment plan is compiled according to implementation schedule of land requisition and resettlement of the project. See Table 9-2 for annual investment plan of Jixian Wetland Protection Project land acquisition and resettlement.

Table 9-2 Annual Investment Plan of Jixian Wetland Protection Project Unit: 104 yuan

Year Restoration of Farmland to wetland Percentage 2004 400 38.42% 2005 142 13.64% 2006 164 15.75% 2007 150 14.41% 2008 185 17.77%

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Total 1041 100%

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10 Consultation, Participation, and Grievance and Appeal Procedures

10.1 Participation and Disclosure

In order to establish relative policies, work out a good RP, minimize complaints and disputes, and accomplish the appropriate resettlement, a great deal of effort has been made to increase participation and consultation by the APs during stages of preparation and implementation of the RP.

In the stage of project preparation the feasibility study, time after time, JCSPWPPO and AWNRB had asked Jixian County Government, relative experts, and APs affected by the wetland restoration for their suggestions, proposals and opinions on the schemes of construction, compensation and resettlement of the Project on April 16, 2004 (Appendix 4).

10.2 Complaints and Appeals

The project pays special attention to the APs participation throughout the compilation and implementation of RP, an open and effective procedure of grievance and appeal as follows will be established to avoid the occurrence of major grievances. See following flow for details:

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Stage１ If any AP is aggrieved by any aspect of the resettlement and rehabilitation program, they can lodge an oral or written grievance with JCSPWPPLG directly. JCSPWPPLG shall resolve the issue within two weeks.

Stage2 If the aggrieved person (unit) is not satisfied with the decision, they can lodge an oral or written grievance with Jixian County Government. Jixian County Government shall resolve the issue within two weeks.

Stage 3

If the aggrieved person (unit) is not satisfied with the decision on stage 2, they can appeal to HPSPPMO after the receipt of the decision from project office and ask for administrative arbitration. Administrative arbitration organ will make a decision on arbitration within 2 weeks.

Stage４

If the AP is still dissatisfied with the decision on stage 3, they can appeal to the People’s Court in accordance with Civil Procedure Act after receiving administrative arbitration. AP can make an appeal for any aspect of the resettlement including compensation rate.

The APs will be informed about the above grievance and appeal procedure through holding meetings or other approaches to understand that they have the rights of grievance and appeal.

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11 Monitoring

In order to ensure the successful implementation of the RP and accomplish the objectives to achieve appropriate resettlement, monitoring and evaluation should be carried out for the implementation of resettlement in accordance with the requirement of the ADB resettlement policies. The monitoring is divided into two parts, the internal monitoring undertaken by the resettlement implementing agencies and the external monitoring by an independent monitoring agency.

The internal monitoring is undertaken by HPSPPMO, JCSPWPPLG, JCSPWPPO, JCPMO and AWNRB with the objectives to ensure all responsible entities to execute LAR conforming to the principal and schedule of the RP and to keep good performance in the implementation. The objective of internal monitoring is to ensure the well functioning of resettlement departments.

The independent monitoring and evaluation is done by an independent monitoring agency that will carry out regular monitoring and evaluation to the resettlement activities. The agency, approved by ADB and PMO, will undertake the independent monitoring of the Project in respects of (i) operation efficiency of the resettlement institution, (ii) implementation schedule of resettlement, (iii) compensation and restoration for the permanent and temporary land acquisition, and (iv) tracking investigation and analysis to the standards of production and livings of the APs. The M&E agency, being independent of the project, will inspect the whole implementation from an overall and long-term point of view. The M&E agency will track the resettlement activities of the Project to evaluate whether the implementation of resettlement (i) obeys the national laws related to LAR, (ii) conforms to the Involuntary Resettlement Policy of ADB, and (iii) restores or improves the standards of production and livings of the APs. The M&E agency will put forward proposals to PMO in time so that the problems taking place in the implementation of the resettlement can be solved as soon as possible.

11.1 Internal Monitoring and Supervision

PMO will develop an internal monitoring framework to supervise the resettlement activities. The PMOs will establish a relevant database on wetland resotration and resettlement. The database will contribute to the resettlement planning, and carrying out internal monitoring on the whole implementation process. Monitoring will be

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conducted quarterly as per ADB requirement, and an internal monitoring report to be prepared and submitted to ADB.

1.1.1 Implementation Procedures

During the implementation, the county PMO will be responsible for internal M&E, collect and record implementation information of displaced persons affected by land requisition, resettlement and restoration of APs. They will keep record of the current activities in time to HPSPPMO, so as to have continuous monitoring, and regular reporting on the implementation schedule.

In the above monitoring system, smooth and continuous flow of information should be realized by filling up and reporting information table with fixed format from AWNRB, JCPMO to HPSPPMO.

1.1.2 Indicators to be monitored

„ Compensation to APs

„ Resettlement schedule

„ Conformity with the policies and regulations of RP

„ Participation and negotiation of APs during implementation

„ Staffing, training, work schedule and efficiency of resettlement institutions

1.1.3 Staffing

Conduct monitoring on staffing status of departments involved in land acquisition and resettlement.

Staffing of Implementing Institutions Regular Staffing No. Institutions Peak Staffing (person) (person) 1 JCSPWPPLG 1 2 JCSPWPPMO 1 2 3 AWNRB 2 3

11.2 External Monitoring

An external monitoring institution will carry out monitoring and evaluation activities based on survey data and records from the survey and design institute and information utilized by resettlement implementation organizations.

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11.2.1 Organization and Responsibility

HPSPPMO will invite universities and design institutes recognized by ADB as external monitoring institutions. The institution will periodically monitor and evaluate the implementation of the RP, and give advice and suggestions. See Appendix 1 for Outline of Independent Monitoring and Evaluation on Resettlement.

(1) Baseline survey

A baseline survey is carried out on the villages, company and APs affected by land acquisition to obtain basic data about their living standards and production condition (including living, business and income). Living standards and production condition survey will be carried out one time for one year to follow the changes of APs’ production and living standard. Typical sampling surveys (sampling households are taken out by random sample), visiting at random and observing on the spot will be adopted to get the necessary data, and statistical analyze on this for evaluation.

(2) Regular monitoring and evaluation

The external monitoring institution will carry out regular progress monitoring on rehabilitation 2 times per year by on the spot surveys, sampling households and random discussion with APs. Monitoring indicators are as follows:

„ Payment and amount of compensation

„ Training

„ APs’ production and living standards

„ Schedule of above items

„ APs’ social psychology

„ Organization of rehabilitation

(3) Public consultation

The external monitoring institution will attend public consultation meetings during compilation and implementation of RP. By doing these, the institution appraises the effects of public participation.

(4) Complaint

The external monitoring institution will often visit project locations and project offices, receiving requests to investigate complaint issues, and also meets with complaining

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APs and provides measures and suggestions aiming at resolving problems so that implementation of rehabilitation is much more effective.

11.2.2 Procedures

„ Compile outline for monitoring and evaluation

„ Prepare survey outline, table of questionnaire

„ Design sampling scale and identify typical sampling households

„ Conduct baseline survey

„ Establish monitoring and evaluation information system

„ Conduct regional socioeconomic survey

„ Monitor resettlement implementation organizations

„ Monitor typical resettlers

„ Compile monitoring data and establish database

„ Conduct comparing analysis

„ Develop monitoring and evaluation reports.

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Appendix 1 Outline of External Monitoring and Evaluation on Resettlement

1. Objectives of Monitoring and Evaluation

According to the requirements of ADB resettlement policies, external monitoring and evaluation on resettlement of Heilongjiang Province Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project is carried out, comparing and analysis of changing conditions of displaced persons’ living and production and rehabilitation induced by wetland restoration, through checking the process, fund, management of wetland restoration and resettlement, follow-up evaluation on wetland restoration and resettlement. While reports are submitted to ADB, HPSPPMO and related superior departments regularly (2 times/year), information and suggestions are provided, which is the reference to decision of related departments. Through external monitoring and evaluation, ADB and project departments in charge can be informed about whether wetland restoration and resettlement is achieved on schedule and with stipulated quality, and problems will be brought forward, and suggestion for improvement will be put forward.

2. Contents of Monitoring and Evaluation

(1) M&E on Progress of wetland restoration (2) M&E on Fund Fulfillment and Utilization Including: ①fulfillment condition of fund transfer; ②Utilization condition of fund (plan and actual)

3. Technical Method

See Figure A.1 for external M&E technical method

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Project Aproval

Prepare M&E Guideline

Prepare survey outline, survey sheet, samples, sample register card

Baseline Survey

Establish M&E MIS

Monitoring Survey

Regional Resettlement Monitoring socioeconomic Implementation on Nature survey Organization Reserve

Compile monitoring data and establish database

Comparative analysis

Prepare M&E report

Whether M&E is over?

Completion

Figure 1 External M&E Technical Method

4. Institutional Framework of Monitoring and Evaluation

„ HPSPPMO entrusts external M&E institute to be responsible for specific survey, data collection of M&E by PMO, then calculate and analyze it, and examine the results.

„ External M&E institute form Resettlement M&E Group of Heilongjiang Province Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project, whose task is that, under the directions of project officer of ADB, carry out M&E on resettlement, and take charge of compiling M&E outline, establish monitoring site, and

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preside over on-spot survey and inside analysis, and take charge in compiling resettlement M&E reports.

„ PMO provides cooperation of staff and transportation etc. during resettlement M&E group carries out on-spot survey.

5. Methods of Monitoring and Evaluation

„ The method of combination of on-spot survey, calculating analysis and experts comprehensive evaluation is adopted.

„ The survey method is employed. Comprehensive survey on process, fund and institute and management etc of resettlement is conducted. Sampling survey on the resettled households is conducted.

„ Method of classified stochastic sampling etc is adopted in survey, and spot follow-up survey on typical resettled households is conducted. Sampling proportion: 100% displaced households induced by farmland restoration to wetland.

„ Methods of survey sheet, interview, aquiring files and documents etc are employed in comprehensive survey.

„ Besides letter data, information such as pictures, records, kinescope and practicality etc should be collected.

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Appendix 2 Ownership Certificates of Restored Farmland

Figure 2 Land Certificate (Cover)

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Figure 3 Land Certificate (Page 1)

51

Figure 4 Land Certificate (Page 2)

52

Figure 5 Proof of Effectiveness of Land Certificate

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Appendix 3 Documents related to Merger of JCRC and AWNRB

Figure 6 Document on Incorporation of JCRC into AWNRB

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Appendix 4 Document related to Establishment of AWNRB

Figure 7 Document on Establishment of AWNRB

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Meeting Minutes

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Appendix 5 Land Cost and Benefit Table

57

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Appendix 6 Due Diligence

1. Actual Progress of Farmland to Wetland Restoration

As AWNRB planned, AWNRB stopped planting on 250ha farmland from 2004 to 2007.

90ha of farmland was returned to wetland in 2004 at the northwestern side of main road in Tourist Park, and restoration has been started from 2005 gradually.

100ha of farmland was returned to wetland in 2005 at the west side of main road in the core area, and restoration has been started from 2006 gradually.

60ha of farmland was returned to wetland in 2006 at the east side of main road in Tourist Park, and restoration has been started from 2007 gradually.

The locations of restoration of farmland to wetland can be seen in Figure A6-1 below.

Figure A6-1 Farmland Restoration Progress 2. Review of Resettlement of Affected Staff

2.1 Support from Central Government

AWNRB obtained the support from the Central Government on restoration of farmland to wetland in 2004. In the LJPZ [2003] No.201 document issued by State Forestry Administration in 2003, an amount of RMB 2.7 million was approved for farmland restoration, and preliminary design was asked to be completed in 2004. AWNRB is a state sponsored institution, in consideration of ensuring funds for wetland restoration, JCG decided to exempt the non-operational revenues of AWNRB from 2004 to 2008 and allow AWNRB to use these funds in wetland construction and

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farmland restoration. Up to the end of September 2008, JCG has exempted more than 7.71 million in wetland restoration, which greatly contributed to AWNRB’s efforts and increased the income of its staff. The exempted non-operational revenue from JXG is shown in Table A6-1.

Table A6-1 Exempted Non-operational Revenue from JXG (2004-2008) Unit:10000yuan

Total Income of AWNRB

Farming Income Expenditure Investment Time Eco-tourism from JCG income subtotal Of AWNRB area Unit income Income (ha) Yuan/ha

2004 1000 1700 170 40 210 80 130

2005 910 2000 182 50 232 90 142

2006 810 2400 194 60 254 90 164

2007 750 2400 180 70 250 100 150

2008 750 3000 225 80 305 120 185

Total 951 300 1251 480 771

Up to September 2008, the total investment from government at different level has reached to 10.41 million yuan totally.

2.2. Development of Ecological Tourism

In 2004, AWNRB started to build Sanjiang Plain Demonstration and Education Base and ecological tourist park. The demonstration and education base covers 10,000m2 with constructed area 3,062m2; and the ecological tourist park covers an area of 310ha with constructed area of over 3,000m2. The Phase I and II works have been accomplished and the Phase III is under preparation. The ecological tourist park is staffed with 8 workers including 3 women, creating more than RMB 500,000 annually.

2.3 Strengthen staff training and develop alternative livelihood schemes

Strengthen training in relevant skills and knowledge for staff to help them learn more scientific planting, cultivatation and non-agricultural development methods. Teach women some skills through provision of trainings and improve their cultural level.

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Since 2004, professors from forestry universities have been invited to hold training sessions in AWNRB to transfer relevant technical knowledge and skills, particularly to female staff, during winter. This measure can also improve the cultural level of female workers.

3. Analysis of Resettlement Results

In order to understand the resettlement effectiveness of affected staff, AWNRB conducted follow-up survey on affected staffs in terms of income in January 2008.

For consistency, the income of staff engaged after 2004 is not included.

Table A6-1 Salary Analysis of On-Position Staff

Jan 2004 Jan 2008 Increase Type No. Name Position Salary (yuan) Salary (yuan) Rate Staff Still on 1 He Jingshi Director 1534 2807 182.99% Positions in 2008 2 Guo Zhi Secretary of CPC 1335 2459 184.19%

3 Jiang Rong Deputy Director 1280 2447 191.17%

4 Huang Shuxia Line Manager 845 2117 250.53%

5 Xing Fengxia Accountant 915 2161 236.17%

6 Pan Xiuhua Staff 938 2116 225.59%

7 Wu Tao Staff 580 1292 222.76%

8 Deng Zhongqiang Line Manager 580 1396 240.69%

9 Zhao Xudong Deputy Manager 928 2045 220.37%

10 Guo Gui Deputy Manager 971 2136 219.98%

11 Lu Dunjin Deputy Manager 971 2173 223.79%

12 Hong Aimin Line Manager 925 1928 208.43%

13 Li Xuming Line Manager 928 1848 199.14%

14 Gao Tai / 971 1837 189.19%

15 Tang Mingtong Line Manager 1148 2113 184.06%

16 Jiang Lifeng / 744 1633 219.49%

17 Zhu Yinghua / 928 1738 187.28%

18 Cui Jinghong / 981 2054 209.38%

19 Cui Jingying / 818 1738 212.47%

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Jan 2004 Jan 2008 Increase Type No. Name Position Salary (yuan) Salary (yuan) Rate

20 Yang Haiyan / 764 1737 227.36%

21 Xing Kai / 833 1857 222.93%

22 Jin Changchun / 872 1682 192.89%

23 Zhang Guocai / 773 1529 197.80%

24 Guo Wanchao / 680 1403 206.32%

25 Pang Xudong / 740 1518 205.14%

26 Liu Xiaohui / 971 2033 209.37% Internal Retirees 27 Gao Hai Line Manager 807 1098 136.06% Retired During 28 Li Mingyou Liner Manager 740 1019 137.70% 2004 to 2008 29 Zheng Chunrui Worker 740 1143 154.46%

30 Pang Yunjiang Worker 807 1386 171.75%

31 Wu Xiangchen Worker 740 1150 155.41%

32 Chen Wenbin Worker 740 1095 147.97%

33 Sui Zhanjun Worker 740 1049 141.76%

34 Yu Xiliang Worker 707 1024 144.84%

35 Du Xiaoling Worker 750 1098 146.40%

36 Jiang Guoquan Worker 872 1317 151.03%

37 Tian Fengjun Worker 872 1193 136.81%

38 Zhang Lianshan Worker 872 1317 151.03%

39 Cheng Xin Worker 805 1194 148.32%

40 Dou Quanjun Worker 773 1060 137.13% Average _____872.95 1648.5 188.25%

Based on above analysis, it can be clearly seen that through governmental supports and effective livelihood alternatives, the income levels of affected staff have been greatly increased. The income restoration measures are very successful which effectively ensures their recovery, and even provided a great increase of income levels of affected groups.

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Meanwhile, in order to investigate the actual living standards of affected staffs, the investigation team conducted detailed survey on the expenditures of AWNRB staffs in 2007. As the 40 AWNRB staffs are all urban residents and have not been engaged in other producing and operating activities besides their jobs in AWNRB, the scope of survey was limited to living expenditures of the 40 AWNRB staffs. See Table A6-2 for details.

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Table A6-2 Detailed Expenditure Analysis of AWNRB Staffs in 2007

Personal Living Consumption in 2007 (yuan) Family Working Home Traffic Education Total (yuan/ No. Name Member equipments, Medical and and Status Food Clothes Housing Others household) (person) products care communi entertainm and services cations ent On 1 Guo Zhi 2 1250 800 700 200 500 500 400 100 4450 Work Zhao On 2 3 1300 770 700 200 500 400 500 100 4470 Xudong Work On 3 Guo Gui 2 1300 900 700 200 800 500 500 60 4960 Work On 4 Lu Dunjin 2 1350 500 800 180 600 350 450 100 4330 Work Hong On 5 2 1300 500 700 200 750 350 500 50 4350 Aimin Work On 6 Li Xuming 3 1320 500 800 170 700 400 500 80 4470 Work On 7 Gao Tai 3 1200 500 750 150 700 300 500 60 4160 Work Tang On 8 3 1300 600 700 200 500 450 600 100 4450 Mingtong Work Jiang On 9 3 1300 500 600 200 500 300 500 100 4000 Lifeng Work Zhu On 10 1 1200 600 730 200 700 500 500 50 4480 Yinghua Work Cui On 11 1 1300 550 700 150 600 500 400 50 4250 Jinghong Work Cui On 12 3 1300 650 800 200 850 300 500 100 4700 Jingying Work Yang On 13 3 1150 500 700 150 300 200 500 50 3550 Haiyan Work On 14 Xing Kai 3 1300 500 700 200 400 300 450 50 3900 Work 15 Jin On 3 1600 600 700 200 500 400 500 80 4580

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Personal Living Consumption in 2007 (yuan) Family Working Home Traffic Education Total (yuan/ No. Name Member equipments, Medical and and Status Food Clothes Housing Others household) (person) products care communi entertainm and services cations ent Changchu Work n Zhang On 16 2 1400 400 800 150 800 400 400 50 4400 Guocai Work Guo On 17 3 1300 600 600 150 400 400 500 100 4050 Wanchao Work Pang On 18 3 1500 850 800 300 700 600 600 100 5450 Xudong Work Liu On 19 3 1200 350 700 150 500 300 450 120 3770 Xiaohui Work Internal 20 Gao Hai 3 1200 350 650 100 600 300 600 80 3880 Retiree Internal 21 Li Guoyou 3 1300 600 700 150 600 400 450 100 4300 Retiree Zheng Internal 22 2 1150 400 600 150 800 300 400 60 3860 Chunrui Retiree Pang Internal 23 2 1400 600 800 200 600 500 500 50 4650 Yunjiang Retiree Wu Internal 24 Xiangche 2 1200 300 600 150 400 300 500 60 3510 Retiree n Chen Internal 25 1 1400 500 700 200 600 400 500 100 4400 Wenbin Retiree Sui Internal 26 3 1100 350 700 200 400 300 500 80 3630 Zhanjun Retiree Internal 27 Yu Xiliang 3 1200 350 600 150 350 350 400 50 3450 Retiree Du Internal 28 2 1200 500 800 200 500 400 450 80 4130 Xiaoling Retiree Jiang Internal 29 2 1000 300 600 150 600 400 500 60 3610 Guoquan Retiree 30 Tian Internal 2 1300 400 600 150 700 400 300 100 3950

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Personal Living Consumption in 2007 (yuan) Family Working Home Traffic Education Total (yuan/ No. Name Member equipments, Medical and and Status Food Clothes Housing Others household) (person) products care communi entertainm and services cations ent Fengjun Retiree Zhang Internal 31 2 1100 400 400 100 400 200 400 80 3080 Lianshan Retiree Cheng Internal 32 2 1200 600 700 200 600 400 500 100 4300 Xin Retiree Dou Internal 33 3 1000 500 600 200 600 300 500 100 3800 Quanjun Retiree He On 34 2 1400 700 800 300 600 800 600 200 5400 Jingshi Work Jiang On 35 3 1300 600 800 200 1000 500 600 100 5100 Rong Work Huang On 36 3 1300 500 800 200 600 400 500 100 4400 Shuxia Work Xing On 37 3 1400 800 800 260 800 400 500 160 5120 Fengxia Work Pan On 38 3 1300 400 700 200 700 300 400 100 4100 Xiuhua Work Deng On 39 Zhongqia 3 1300 600 700 200 500 400 600 100 4400 Work ng 40 Wu Tao On work 3 1200 400 400 200 300 400 600 100 3600 Tot 100 1270.5 533 693.25 185.25 588.75 390 488.75 86.5 4236 al Per capi 2.5 50820 21320 27730 7410 23550 15600 19550 3460 169440 ta

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Based on above data, we can see that in 2007, the per capita consumptive expenditure of AWNRB staffs is 4,236 yuan, in which food takes up the largest proportion, as 29.99%, followed by expenditure in housing, as 16.37%. See Table A6-3 for details.

Table A6-3 Analysis of domestic expenditures of AWNRB staffs

Item Amount (yuan) Per capita (yuan) Percentage (%) Living Expenditures in 2007 169440 4236 100% Food 50820 1270.5 29.99% Clothes 21320 533 12.58% Housing 27730 693.25 16.37% Home Equipemnts, Products and Services 7410 185.25 4.37% Medical Care 23550 588.75 13.90% Traffic and Communications 15600 390 9.21% Education and Entertainment 19550 488.75 11.54% Others 3460 86.5 2.04%

The above results can be used to produce the following graph, as shown in Figure A6-2.

Figure 6-2 Structure of Consumptive Expenditures Through calculation, the net per capita income of AWNRB staffs is determined to be RMB 15,546.

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Table A6-4 Integrated Analysis of Income and Expenditure

Iten Amount (yuan) Per capita income 19782 Per capita expenditure 4236 Net per capita income 15546 Source: calculation

Through comparison of the per capita income and net per capita income of AWNRB staffs in 2003 and 2007 (see Table A6-5), it can be seen that the annual income and average income were not affected by farmland to wetland restoration; instead, they were increased through government supports, effective livelihood alternatives and the efforts of AWNRB.

Table A6-5 Comparison of Per capita Income and Net Per capita Income of AWNRB Staffs of 2003 and 2007

2003 2007 Increase Rate Average Annual Increase Per capita 10475.4 19782 188.84% 22.21% income Net per capita 6604.9 15546 235.37% 33.84% income

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Appendix 7 Resettlement Booklet

1. Objective of the Resettlement Information Booklet This objective of the RIB is to provide APs information about the project, especially information about compensation principles, compensation benefits and compensation rates and other regulations, as well as how and when the compensation fee will be paid to the affected people. This is a part of the information publication in order to disclose the land acquisition, resettlement, compensation rates, compensation fee payment, appeals and redress procedures and policies. The Executive Agency will distribute the Resettlement leaflet to the affected people before the detailed measure survey (DMS).

2. Project Description According to the latest Project Design Report (PDR), within the overall framework of the Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project (SPWPP), Jixian County involves the Basin Water Resources Management Subproject, the Nature Reserve Management Subproject, the Liveihood Replacement Subproject and the Nature Reserve Capability Building Subproject.

3. Project Resettlement Impacts According to project design, within the overall framework of SPWPP, Jixian County is involved in the Basin Water Resources Management Subproject, the Nature Reserve Management Subproject, the Livelihood Replacement Subproject and the Nature Reserve Capability Building Subproject, in which the wetland restoration works in the Nature Reserve Subproject will produce some adverse social impacts and will generate some resettlement issues.

According to statistics, a total of 250ha farmland will be restored to wetland in this project. As these farmlands were owned and cultivated by AWNRB which received the revenue as well, AWNRB is the major affected objective. The APs of this project are the staffs of AWNRB at the time of 2004 when returning of farmland started, as a total of 40 persons.

4. Relevant Laws and Regulations of Resettlement (1) Policies of ADB Policy of Asian Development Bank on Involuntary Resettlement, November 1995 Summary of the Handbook on Resettlement: A Guide to Good Practice, 1998 Operations Manual – Involuntary Resettlement (OM/F2), October 2003

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(2) Relevant Laws and Policies of PRC Real Right Law of the PRC (effected from Oct.1, 2007) Land Administration Law of the PRC (effected from January 1 of 1999, revised on August 28, 2004) Comments of the PRC for Further Strengthening the Work of Basic Farmland Protection (effected from Sep. 2005) Guidelines for Strengthening Land Acquisition Compensation and Relocation System (effected from November 3, 2004) Regulation for Public Hearing of National Land Resource (effected from May 1, 2004) Regulation for National Land Assignment with the Agreement (effected from Aug.1, 2008, and the order of No.21 made by National Land Resource Department) A Bulletin of the Comments for Land Acquisition (effected from Jan.1, 2002 and the order of No.10 made by National Land Resource Department) (3) Local Regulations and Policies Land Administrative Regulations of Heilongjiang Province (2000) Wetland Conservation Regulations of Heilongjiang Province (2003), 5. Compensation rates for Land Acquisition and Resettlement The principle for compensation and entitlement of this project is based on the existing laws and policies of PRC and ADB with the objective of ensuring APs be provided with sufficient compensation and assisting measures to enable them at least to restore the living standards to the pre-project levels. According to weighted averages, the compensation rate for dry land in the project is 2500 yuan/mu.

6. Appeal The project pays special attention to the APs participation throughout the compilation and implementation of RP, an open and effective procedure of grievance and appeal as follows will be established to avoid the occurrence of major grievances. Stage 1: If any AP is aggrieved by any aspect of the resettlement and rehabilitation program, they can lodge an oral or written grievance with JCSPWPPLG directly. JCSPWPPLG shall resolve the issue within two weeks. Stage 2: If the aggrieved person (unit) is not satisfied with the decision, they can lodge an oral or written grievance with Jixian County Government. Jixian County Government shall resolve the issue within two weeks. Stage 3: If the aggrieved person (unit) is not satisfied with the decision on stage 2, they can appeal to HPSPPMO after the receipt of the decision from project office and ask for administrative arbitration. Administrative arbitration organ will make a decision on arbitration within 2 weeks.

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Stage 4: If the AP is still dissatisfied with the decision on stage 3, they can appeal to the People’s Court in accordance with Civil Procedure Act after receiving administrative arbitration. AP can make an appeal for any aspect of the resettlement including compensation rate.

The APs will be informed about the above grievance and appeal procedure through holding meetings or other approaches to understand that they have the rights of grievance and appeal.

7. Entitlement Matrix

APs Policy Compensation rates AWNRB z Compensated 2500yuan/mu Staffs of z Employment opportunities

AWNRB z Priority to receive alternative livelihood schemes

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