DOCSLIB.ORG

Allianz and the German Insurance Business, 1933-1945 Gerald D

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Allianz and the German Insurance Business, 1933-1945 Gerald D Cambridge University Press 0521809290 - Allianz and the German Insurance Business, 1933-1945 Gerald D. Feldman Index More information Index Aachen-Leipziger Versicherungs-AG, 314 film to celebrate fiftieth anniversary, 278–9 Aachener und Münchener Feuerversicherungs- founding and development of, 2–3 Gesellschaft, 13, 30, 90, 287, 395, 398–9, group insurance policies, 122–4 408, 412 growth and success of (1930s), 31–2 Academy for German Law, 118, 457 insurance interests in agricultural sector, 85 Adler Feuerversicherung, 408 as insurer of Polish forced labor camps, Adler, Waldemar, 226 401–8 Adolf Hitler Donation of the German Business as insurer of SS concentration camp factories, Community, 109, 226 409–15 Agrippinia Allgemeine Versicherungs-AG, 185, investment in war effort, 422–4 287, 312, 413 investments under Four-Year Plan, 162–6 Air France, 377 investments in securities (1931–49), 156–8 Albania, 360 Allianz-Adler, 114, 298, 416 Albingia Versicherungs-AG, 31, 221, 287, 297, Allianz Leben, 11–12, 14–15, 17, 28, 31, 57, 62, 299–300, 339 86, 103, 106–7, 112, 123–4, 139–40, 147, All-German Block/Refugee Party, 467 153, 156–7, 163–4, 239–42, 246–8, 270, Allgemeine-Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft (AEG), 284, 287–9, 292, 299, 304, 350, 368, 385, 68, 103–4, 149, 163, 484 392, 397, 420, 424, 426–7, 436, 447, 449, Allgemeine Elementar-Versicherungs-AG, 360, 451, 454, 456, 469, 495, 508, 517, 523–5, 396–7 534 Allgemeine Versicherungsanstalt Krakau, Allianz Lebensversicherungs-AG: see Allianz 470–1 Leben Allgemeine Versicherungs-Gesellschaft Phönix Allianz pension fund, 36, 131, 138, 500–1, 503 (Elementar-Phönix), 126, 150n, 151, 278, Allianz-Zeitung, 7, 16, 35, 65, 99, 114 292–5 Allied forces Allianz blacklisting of insurance firms, 427–9 acquisitions and consolidations (1920s), capture of concentration camp factories, 413 11–13, 16–17 effect of invasion in Belgium, 390 Aryanization restitution and compensation, postwar occupation zones in Berlin, 446 507–19 Romania joins (1944), 367 beginning of postwar reconstruction by, 447 Allied High Commission for Germany business policy (1920s), 14–15 acceptance of Wiedergutmachung laws by, Cologne branch, 116–17 497, 528–9 construction insurance offered by, 351–2 American Military Laws for restitution and contract with Munich Re (1940), 285–7 compensation, 497–8 DAF insurance companies as competitors to, Denazification Order (1946), 449–50 116, 289–90 denazification proceedings, 446, 449, 470–2 denazification commission within, 450, 456, division into four zones, 446 462–3 United States Court of Restitution Appeals, denazification of personnel, 448–57 511 Favag acquisition (1930), 21–4, 27–8, 31, 281 see also Nuremberg trials 549 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521809290 - Allianz and the German Insurance Business, 1933-1945 Gerald D. Feldman Index More information 550 Index Alsace-Lorraine, occupied, 383, 466, 519 insurance business opportunities with, Allianz doing business in, 375–9, 387–8 148–9 German insurance companies in, 375 insurance company shares made available Swiss insurance companies in, 323–7 with, 393–4 Alquen, Gunter d’, 171 of Jewish property and assets, 145–8 Alte Leipziger Lebensversicherungsgesellschaft Nuremberg Laws related to, 129, 134 a. G., 45, 147n, 152, 154, 155n, 226, 228, plans for (1938), 199 289, 310–11 restitution and compensation for, 507–19 Alzheimer, Alois, 186, 218–19, 226, 308, 313, shares for sale as result of, 148 316–20, 334–5, 342–3, 362–3, 366–7, Ashton, Ernest B., 145, 513–15 369–72, 378–9, 382, 387, 389, 391–3, 420, Assecuranz-Compagnie Merkur, 29, 282 430–2, 434–5, 440, 443, 456, 458, 468, 483, Assicurazioni Generali, 151, 258, 292–3, 320–1, 490–3, 496 355–6, 360, 363, 366, 395–7, 399, 408 Amann, Max, 81 Association for the Coverage of Large Risks, Amend, Georg, 120–1, 180–2, 184–5, 268–9, 321, 324, 329, 354, 391, 491 275, 290, 292, 311–12, 316–17, 323–6, Association of Austrian Insurance Companies, 364–5, 368, 387–8, 417, 420–1, 452, 475–7, 291 490 Assocation of Commercial and Bureau Anglo-Danubian Lloyd Allgemeine Employees, 448 Versicherungs-AG, 151 Association of German Glass Insurance Der Angriff, 60 Companies, 190–1 Anker Allgemeine Versicherungsgesellschaft- Association of German Insurers, 519 AG, 300, 360 Association of German Iron and Steel Anschluß (1938): see Austria Industrialists, 74 anti-Semitism Association of German Life Insurance and nonpayment of Pogrom claims, Companies, 157, 167, 528–9 206–34 Association of German Private Fire Insurance German business executives’ opposition to, Companies, 403 67 Association of Private Accident and Liability in German political culture, 58–9 Insurers, 122 Hitler’s inaction related to, 100 Association of Private Insurers, 469 Jewish doctors and lawyers as targets of, Association of Swiss Insurance Companies, 243–5, 252, 276 255, 433 new legislation associated with (1938), 205 atonement tax post–World War I, 12 credits to Jews with Pogrom-related losses, of Der Stürmer, 128–9 206–32, 251, 521 see also Aryanization; atonement tax; levied on Jews, 257, 261 citizenship; Jewish businesses; Jews; Audebert, Rudolf, 373–4 Pogrom, November 8 (1938) Aufruhr, Aufruhrversicherung: see civil unrest Arendts, Wilhelm, 26, 112, 114, 118, 121, 397, insurance 456–60, 538 Ausschwitz, 126, 409, 411–13, 415, 496, 500 Argentinia, 362, 431 Australia, 262 Arnhold, Annamarie, 517 Austria, 150–1, 166, 177, 182, 189, 236, 247, Arnhold, Ellenmarie, 517 273–4, 281, 312, 355, 370, 391, 395, 415, Arnhold, Hans, 48, 485–6, 517 494 Arnhold, Karl, 115–16 Anschluß (1938), 289–90 Arps, Ludwig, 353, 494 German post-occupation restructuring of Arthur Andersen, 246–7 insurance business in, 290–304 Aryanization Italian insurance companies in, 292–3 Bürckel’s policy of, 301–2 pressures on Jews after Anschluß, 238 in Dresdner Bank, 138 Autenrieth, Karl, 222, 377, 384–6 Göring’s interest in, 198–9 Axel L. Bramsen & Co., 352 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521809290 - Allianz and the German Insurance Business, 1933-1945 Gerald D. Feldman Index More information Index 551 Bäcker (Major), 124 Berlinische Feuer-Versicherungs-Anstalt, 22, Badische Feuerversicherungs-Bank, 11 165, 222, 377, 385 Badische Pferdeversicherungs-Anstalt, 147, 375 Berlinische Lebensversicherungs-Gesellschaft Baer, Willi, 130 AG, 262, 271, 281–2, 516 Balaban, Emmerich, 369 Berlinische Spiegelsglas-Versicherungs-AG, Balaban, Leon, 511 190 Baldwin, Stanley, 101 Bernard (Ministerial Councilor), 89 Balkans, 360 Bernhard, Georg, 41 Bank of America, 73, 483 Bernheimer, Otto, 337 Banka Romiaska, 366 Beveridge, William Lord, 339 Bärmann, 185 Biebow, Hans, 401–3, 405, 409 Bartholatus, Christian, 177–8 Blase, Heinrich, 314–15 Bartholome, Rudolf, 397 Blaskowitz, Johannes, 459 Basch, Else, 145–7, 513–15 Blood Purge (1934), 102 Basch, Julius, 145–7, 513–15 Bodenheimer, Siegmund, 19, 22 BASF, 67 Boehm, Walter, 55, 441–2 Basler Lebensversicherungs-Gesellschaft, 255, Boetius, Steffen, 436 355 Bohemia and Moravia: see Protectorate of Basler Nachrichten, 74 Bohemia and Moravia Basler Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, 383 Bohemoslavia, 359 Baumgarte, Friedrich, 44 Bohle, Ernst, 129 Bavarian People’s Party, 118, 458 Böhmische Escompte-Bank & Creditanstalt, Bavarian State Bank, 503 358 Bayerische Hypotheken-und-Wechselbank, 13 Bore insurance company, Sweden, 46, 428–9 Bayerische Rückversicherung AG, 288, 322, Bormann, Martin, 129, 185–6, 188, 198, 312, 457 328, 330, 333, 335, 338 Bayerische Vereinsbank, 148, 284 Bosch AG, 1 Bayerische Versicherungsbank AG, 26, 85, 112, Bosch, Carl, 67 114–15, 138, 167, 188–9, 287, 292, 304, Boss, Emil, 435 397–8, 407–8, 410, 412, 414, 421, 455–8, Bothe, Heinrich, 312, 314–15, 319, 333, 383, 469, 476, 494 393, 417–19, 421 Bebler, Emil, 81, 103, 166, 324–6 Böttcher (Government Councilor), 267–9, Becker, Getrud, 521 273–4 Becker, Philipp, 19–20 Botur, André, 195 Beier, Max, 409–13 Brandenburger Spiegelglas-Versicherungs-AG, Belgium, 2, 201, 308, 319, 321, 325, 383, 391, 11 423, 437, 519 Brandt, Rudolf, 340–1 Allianz and Munich Re interests in, 371–2, Braß, Andreas, 132–3, 167–83, 185, 188, 190, 381, 388–90 290, 297, 301, 303, 310, 466 Belgian insurers in occupied, 389–90 Braunkohle Benzin AG, 164 effect of Allied invasion in occupied, 390 Brazil, 131, 144 English insurers in, 389 Bredow, Walter, 425 Jews driven from insurance business in, 393 Breker, Arno, 141 Benjamin, Hugo, 147, 511 Bruck, Martin, 129, 131 Béraud Villars, Jean, 371, 374, 377, 379, 483 Brüggemann, August, 284 Bergler, Hans, 413 Brüning, Heinrich, 48–50, 77, 485–6 Berliner Börsenzeitung, 52 Buchenwald (concentration camp), 167, 409, Berliner Hagel-Assecuranz-Gesellschaft von 413 1832, 518 Bücher, Hermann, 103, 149 Berliner Handels-Gesellschaft, 66, 69, 73, 103, Buchetmann, Franz, 492 483 Bulgaria, 360–1, 364, 431 Berliner, Wilhelm, 150–2 Bürckel, Josef, 98, 290–1, 301, 326 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521809290 - Allianz and the German Insurance Business, 1933-1945 Gerald D. Feldman Index More information 552 Index business community, German confiscation denazification proceedings concerning, of Jewish assets by the Gestapo, 261–77 444–5 of Jewish life insurance assets, 251–77 postwar decartelization issues, 445 of Jewish property under Reich Citizenship postwar restitution and compensation issues, Law, 530 445–6 laws as basis for (1933), 261–2 business history, viii–ix, x–xi, 536 laws specific to Jews, 262–77 of Polish assets, 400 Cechoslavia,ˇ 357–9 under Reich Citizenship
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Primary Source 1 a Cartoon Suggesting The
    Primary Source 1 A cartoon suggesting the First Lady used the President for scoops that she could break in her newspaper column, when actually he often gave her ideas he was considering to test public response to it. She so liked this cartoon that she asked the cartoonist for the original. (carlanthonyonline.com) Primary Source 2 The famous New Yorker cartoon depicting coal miners as they react to the appearance of the First Lady descending towards them. (The New Yorker) http://i0.wp.com/carlanthonyonlinedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/the-famous-new-yorker- cartoon-referencing-eleanor-roosevelts-numerous-inspections-of-working-conditions-in-coal- mines.jpg?resize=684%2C719 Primary Source 3 Many critics suggested that the First Lady was behind the President’s social programs as a means of promoting an agenda of socialism and communism https://carlanthonyonlinedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/wpid-20131013_031509- e1381663287688.jpg Primary Source 4 https://carlanthonyonline.com/2013/10/13/honoring-the-first-lady-of-the-world-in-cartoons/ Primary Source 5 http://i0.wp.com/carlanthonyonlinedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/another-cartoon- referencing-the-fact-that-eleanor-roosevelt-was-rarely-in-residence-at-the-white- house.jpg?resize=700%2C1026 Primary Source 6 https://carlanthonyonline.com/2013/10/13/honoring-the-first-lady-of-the-world-in-cartoons/ Primary Source 7 https://carlanthonyonline.com/2013/10/13/honoring-the-first-lady-of-the-world-in-cartoons/ Primary Source 8 Cartoon drawn by Herbert Block, professionally known as Herblock Herblock, “Political Cartoon of ER,” Stevenson Library Digital Collections, accessed June 16, 2017, http://omekalib.bard.edu/items/show/1541.
    [Show full text]
  • Construction of Collective Identities in the Third Reich Ranta
    The (Pictorial) Construction of Collective Identities in the Third Reich Ranta, Michael Published in: Language and Semiotic Studies 2016 Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Ranta, M. (2016). The (Pictorial) Construction of Collective Identities in the Third Reich. Language and Semiotic Studies, 2(3), 107-124. http://www.szlass.com.cn/upload/day_161017/201610171210138952.pdf Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Vol. 2 No. 3 Language and Semiotic Studies Autumn 2016 The (Pictorial) Construction of Collective Identities in the Third Reich1 Michael Ranta Lund University, Sweden Abstract Collective identities of the Self vs.
    [Show full text]
  • Nazi Party from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Create account Log in Article Talk Read View source View history Nazi Party From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the German Nazi Party that existed from 1920–1945. For the ideology, see Nazism. For other Nazi Parties, see Nazi Navigation Party (disambiguation). Main page The National Socialist German Workers' Party (German: Contents National Socialist German Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (help·info), abbreviated NSDAP), commonly known Featured content Workers' Party in English as the Nazi Party, was a political party in Germany between 1920 and 1945. Its Current events Nationalsozialistische Deutsche predecessor, the German Workers' Party (DAP), existed from 1919 to 1920. The term Nazi is Random article Arbeiterpartei German and stems from Nationalsozialist,[6] due to the pronunciation of Latin -tion- as -tsion- in Donate to Wikipedia German (rather than -shon- as it is in English), with German Z being pronounced as 'ts'. Interaction Help About Wikipedia Community portal Recent changes Leader Karl Harrer Contact page 1919–1920 Anton Drexler 1920–1921 Toolbox Adolf Hitler What links here 1921–1945 Related changes Martin Bormann 1945 Upload file Special pages Founded 1920 Permanent link Dissolved 1945 Page information Preceded by German Workers' Party (DAP) Data item Succeeded by None (banned) Cite this page Ideologies continued with neo-Nazism Print/export Headquarters Munich, Germany[1] Newspaper Völkischer Beobachter Create a book Youth wing Hitler Youth Download as PDF Paramilitary Sturmabteilung
    [Show full text]
  • Göring, Goebbels, Himmler, Heydrich and Revolutionary Totalitarian Oligarchy in the Third Reich
    History in the Making Volume 10 Article 8 January 2017 Dark Apostles – Hitler’s Oligarchs: Göring, Goebbels, Himmler, Heydrich and Revolutionary Totalitarian Oligarchy in the Third Reich Athahn Steinback CSUSB Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Steinback, Athahn (2017) "Dark Apostles – Hitler’s Oligarchs: Göring, Goebbels, Himmler, Heydrich and Revolutionary Totalitarian Oligarchy in the Third Reich," History in the Making: Vol. 10 , Article 8. Available at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making/vol10/iss1/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in History in the Making by an authorized editor of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Athahn Steinback Dark Apostles – Hitler’s Oligarchs: Göring, Goebbels, Himmler, Heydrich and Revolutionary Totalitarian Oligarchy in the Third Reich By Athahn Steinback Abstract: In popular memory, the Third Reich and the Nazi party are all too often misremembered as a homogenous entity, entirely shaped and led by the figure of Adolf Hitler. This paper challenges the widely held misconception of a homogenous Nazi ideology and critically re-examines the governance of Nazi Germany by arguing that the Third Reich was not a generic totalitarian dictatorship, but rather, a revolutionary totalitarian oligarchy. The unique roles and revolutionary agendas of Hermann Göring, Joseph Goebbels, Heinrich Himmler, and Reinhard Heydrich, provide case studies to demonstrate the nature of this revolutionary totalitarian oligarchy. The role of Hitler as the chief oligarch of Nazi Germany remains critical to the entire system of governance.
    [Show full text]
  • The Joke Is on Hitler: a Study of Humour Under Nazi Rule
    The Joke is on Hitler: A Study of Humour under Nazi Rule By Chantelle deMontmorency Supervised by Dr. Kristin Semmens A Graduating Essay Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in the Honours Programme For the Degree of Bachelor of Arts In the Department of History The University of Victoria 6 April, 2020 Table of Contents List of Figures................................................................................................................................ii Introduction...................................................................................................................................1 Chapter 1: National Socialist Sanctioned Humour..................................................................10 Chapter 2: “Aryan” German Political Humour in the Third Reich......................................27 Chapter 3: Jewish Humour Under Hitler.................................................................................37 Conclusion....................................................................................................................................46 Bibliography.................................................................................................................................48 List of Figures Figure 1: “Brood of Serpents” Caricature of “The Jew” from Der Stürmer, September 1934. 5 Figure 2: Robert Högfeldt’s “In Eintracht (In Harmony)” (1938). 7 Figure 3: Depiction of “The Jew” from Der Kesse Orje (1931). 12 Figure 4: “Then and Now.” Caricature from Die Brennessel (1934). 14
    [Show full text]
  • A[Edit] Gunter D'alquen
    A[edit] Gunter d'Alquen - Chief Editor of the SS official newspaper, Das Schwarze Korps ("The Black Corps"), and commander of the SS-Standarte Kurt Eggers. Ludolf von Alvensleben - commander of the SS and police in Crimea and commander of the Selbstschutz (self-defense) of the Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia. Max Amann - Head of Nazi publishing house Eher-Verlag Benno von Arent - Responsible for art, theatres, and movies in the Third Reich. Heinz Auerswald - Commissioner for the Jewish residential district inWarsaw from April 1941 to November 1942. Hans Aumeier - deputy commandant at Auschwitz Artur Axmann - Chief of the Social Office of the Reich Youth Leadership. Leader of the Hitler Youth from 1940, through war's end in 1945. B[edit] Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski - Commander of the "Bandenkämpfverbände" SS units responsible for the mass murder of 35,000 civilians in Riga and more than 200,000 in Belarus and eastern Poland. Herbert Backe - Minister of Food (appointed 1942) and Minister of Agriculture (appointed 1943). Richard Baer - Commander of the Auschwitz I concentration camp from May 1944 to February 1945. Alfred Baeumler - Philosopher who interpreted the works of Friedrich Nietzschein order to legitimize Nazism. Klaus Barbie - Head of the Gestapo in Lyon. Nicknamed "the Butcher of Lyon" for his use of torture on prisoners. Josef Bauer SS officer and politician Josef Berchtold - Very early Party member, and the second Reichsführer-SSfrom 1926-27. Gottlob Berger - Chief of Staff for Waffen-SS and head of the SS's main leadership office. Werner Best - SS-Obergruppenführer and Civilian administrator of Nazi occupied France and Denmark.
    [Show full text]
  • The Transformation of National Identity in Germany: the Role of Political Parties
    The Transformation of National Identity in Germany: The Role of Political Parties Saya Hautefeuille A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Doctorate degree in Political Science School of Political Science Faculty of Social Sciences University of Ottawa © Saya Hautefeuille, Ottawa, Canada, 2018 Acknowledgements It’s been a long journey to say the least. The thing is about long journeys is that you end up meeting a lot of people on the road who not only transform it but also have a significant impact on the project. First of all, I wish to address my gratitude for the patience and constructive comments that my director, André Lecours, has always had for me as I struggled to find my direction. I am indebted to the encouraging emails and Skype conversations we had that helped keep my enthusiasm for the project. I also wish to thank Daniel Stockemer for reading my multiple drafts. His comments and ideas have always been important roads of guidance. I thank my friends who have listened to me as I bounced out ideas and who have provided me with intellectual support. I also wish to give my deep thanks to my parents who have supported me throughout this project. There were many late calls and editing support that was fundamental to me. Finally, I am greatly indebted to my amazing husband, Rafael who has constantly been my rock in so many different ways throughout this very long journey. I dedicate this thesis to you and our equally amazing children, René, Gabriel and Sophie, whose presence always reminded me of life outside academia and to keep laughing.
    [Show full text]
  • Völkisch Writers and National Socialism
    CULTURAL HISTORY AND LITERARY IMAGINATION This book provides a view of literary life under the Nazis, highlighting • Guy Tourlamain the ambiguities, rivalries and conflicts that determined the cultural climate of that period and beyond. Focusing on a group of writers – in particular, Hans Grimm, Erwin Guido Kolbenheyer, Wilhelm Schäfer, Emil Strauß, Börries Freiherr von Münchhausen and Rudolf Binding – it examines the continuities in völkisch-nationalist thought in Germany from c.1890 into the post-war period and the ways in which völkisch-nationalists identified themselves in opposition to four successive German regimes: the Kaiserreich, the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich and the Federal Republic. Although their work Völkisch predated Hitler’s National Socialist movement, their contribution to preparing the cultural climate for the rise of Nazism ensured them continued prominence in the Third Reich. Those who survived into the post-war era continued to represent the völkisch-nationalist worldview in the West German public sphere, opposing both Socialism and National Writers the Soviet and liberal-democratic models for Germany’s future. While not uncontroversial, they were able to achieve significant publishing success, suggesting that a demand existed for their works among the German public, stimulating debate about the nature of the recent past and its effect on Germany’s cultural and political identity and position in the world. Völkisch Writers and National Socialism Guy Tourlamain received his D.Phil. from Oxford University in 2007. He also spent time as a visiting student at the University of Gießen, A Study of Right-Wing Political Culture University of Hamburg and Humboldt University in Berlin as well as undertaking postdoctoral research at the German Literature in Germany, 1890–1960 Archive in Marbach am Neckar.
    [Show full text]
  • Sippenhaft, Terror and Fear in Nazi Germany: Examining One Facet of Terror in the Aftermath of the Plot of 20 July 1944
    Sippenhaft, Terror and Fear in Nazi Germany: Examining One Facet of Terror in the Aftermath of the Plot of 20 July 1944 Author(s): Robert Loeffel Source: Contemporary European History, Vol. 16, No. 1 (Feb., 2007), pp. 51-69 Published by: Cambridge University Press Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/20081340 Accessed: 22-03-2019 10:33 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms Cambridge University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Contemporary European History This content downloaded from 95.183.184.51 on Fri, 22 Mar 2019 10:33:47 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Sippenhaft, Terror and Fear in Nazi Germany: Examining One Facet of Terror in the Aftermath of the Plot of 20 July 1944 ROBERT LOEFFEL Abstract The methods used by the Nazis to control elements of German society have been the focus of intense historical debate. This paper attempts to analyse the implementation of Sippenhaft (family liability punishment) after the 20 July 1944 assassination plot against Hitler. Sippenhaft was advocated for use against the families of the conspirators involved in this plot and also against members of the armed services.
    [Show full text]
  • Origin Myths
    chapter 1 Origin Myths Ex septentrione lux For a good ending, one needs a good beginning. (It is important to begin well, because of course the main thing is to continue well—this is storytelling.) Such is the implicit but all-powerful rule that a community anxious to edify by telling its story—to itself, to others, to posterity—should follow. —Nicole Loraux, Born of the Earth: Myth and Politics in Athens History also teaches how to laugh at the solemnities of the origin. The origin always precedes the Fall. It comes before the body, before the world and time; it is associated with the gods, and its story is always sung as a theogony. But historical beginnings are lowly: not in the sense of modest or discreet like the steps of a dove, but derisive and ironic, capable of undoing every infatuation. —Michel Foucault, “Nietzsche, Genealogy, History” Questions of identity are often linked to those of origins. The concep- tual bond between the two is such that the celebration of the former frequently involves the embellishment of the latter. The Nazis developed a coherent origin myth and provided the Ger- man people with a distinguished ancestry precisely because they wished to glorify a nation severely humiliated in 1918, fi rst by a military defeat that was rarely acknowledged as such and subsequently by a peace at Versailles that was perceived as a diktat. 17 18 | Annexing Antiquity This discourse on origins was conceived and transmitted in various ways, including academic and scholarly research. History and anthro- pology, often perceived as auxiliary sciences, were thrust into the serv- ice of the new reigning discipline, racial science (Rassenkunde), produc- ing the kind of scholarship under the Third Reich that its leaders demanded.
    [Show full text]
  • Humour in Nazi Germany: Resistance and Propaganda? the Popular Desire for an All-Embracing Laughter
    IRSH 52 (2007), pp. 275–290 DOI: 10.1017/S0020859007003240 # 2007 Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis Humour in Nazi Germany: Resistance and Propaganda? The Popular Desire for an All-Embracing Laughter Patrick Merziger Summary: Two directions in the historiography of humour can be diagnosed: on the one hand humour is understood as a form of resistance, on the other hand it is taken as a means of political agitation. This dichotomy has been applied especially to describe humour in National Socialism and in other totalitarian regimes. This article argues that both forms were marginal in National Socialism. The prevalence of the ‘‘whispered jokes’’, allegedly the form of resistance, has been exaggerated. The satire, allegedly the official and dominant form of humour, was not well-received by the National Socialistic public. This article will reconstruct the rise of a third form, the ‘‘German humour’’, and discuss the reasons for its success by looking at why satire failed. Whenever historical research analyses the meaning of laughter, it construes humour either as a form of protest and resistance or as means of political argument and an instrument of power. The reason for this dichotomy lies in the tradition of humour theory. There is a hereditary line of humour as resistance that can be traced back to the contemporary German philosopher, Odo Marquard, who called humour a ‘‘small subversion’’,1 to his teacher, Joachim Ritter, and finally to the theories of Mikhail M. Bakhtin and Sigmund Freud. For Ritter, laughter originates from an incongruity which is fundamentally opposed to every norm or order.2 Bakhtin saw such incongruity expressed in the carnival-grotesque of early modern times.
    [Show full text]
  • LEOPOLD VON MILDENSTEIN and the JEWISH QUESTION By
    LEOPOLD VON MILDENSTEIN AND THE JEWISH QUESTION By JOSEPH VERBOVSZKY Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Arts Thesis Adviser: Dr. Jay Geller Department of History CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY May, 2013 2 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the thesis of JOSEPH VERBOVSZKY Candidate for the Master of Arts degree*. Committee Chair DR. JAY GELLER Committee Member DR. KENNETH LEDFORD Committee Member DR. JOHN BROICH Date of Defense April 3, 2013 *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any Proprietary material contained therein. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Opening Statement 6 Part I: Introduction 7 Part II: Mildenstein the Zionist 14 Part III: Mildenstein at the SD 23 Part IV: Mildenstein the Arab-nationalist 34 Part V: Conclusion 40 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I’d like to thank, first and foremost, my adviser, Dr. Jay Geller, for helping me select this fascinating topic and advising me throughout the project. I’d also like to thank him for his patience reading my often convoluted English in the drafts I submitted throughout the compressed timeframe of the Integrated Graduate Studies Program. Next I’d like to thank the other members of my committee, Dr. Kenneth Ledford and Dr. John Broich for sitting on my committee and for the suggestions and assistance they gave me to craft the final product. I’d also like to thank Marissa Ross for her indispensable assistance in acquiring a much needed source. Finally, I’d like to thank Megan Findling for her help in editing and making my work more intelligible.
    [Show full text]