Sunderland Squadron Branch Newsletter

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Sunderland Squadron Branch Newsletter R.A.A.F Association – Victorian Division Sunderland Branch A.C.N. 004250 248 Incorporating 10 Squadron RAAF, the first RAAF Squadron in action in W.W.II; 461 Squadron RAAF, The Anzac Squadron; and 13 RAF Squadrons 29 July 2018 WINTER 2018 Sunderlanders and friends. Greetings to all Sunderlanders and Friends and I trust that you are enduring the cold wet winter so far by keeping warm or temporarily migrating to warmer climes. The successful Anzac Day Commemorations are over and Commemorations of VP Day and Long Tan Day draw closer. The Anzac Day Report is provided below. Details of the AFA Remembrance Day Service in November are also detailed below. Alan Stark has provided some information about another magnificent Sunderland model by Corgi, this time a 10 Squadron RAAF aircraft. A contingent of Sunderlanders and Friends attended the Commemorations for the 75th Anniversary of the forced landing of “N for Nuts” 461 Squadron on Praa Sands beach in Cornwall. I have a short report below. PAST EVENTS ANZAC DAY MARCH – Wednesday 25 April This year we were blessed with fine although overcast weather clearing to a bright sunny afternoon. Once again there was a very good TV coverage of the two Squadrons marching up the forecourt to the Shrine. I received greetings from Poole Flying Boat Committee Trustees Aimee and Harry Alexander. Thank you to our friends from Poole where 461 Squadron was based for a time at RAF Hamworthy. As in the past a number of the Sunderlanders met for a short chat and quick cup of coffee prior to assembling for the march. We had a great turn out this year with some first-time attendees and some visitors from NSW Branch. My thanks to David and Allan for the roll call. 10 Squadron attendees and marchers were Elaine Craig, Don Hewitt (first time marcher, son of Frank Hewitt who died 29/4/1941), Pam Longe (daughter of Noel Dunn, one of the few surviving Sunderlanders), Erin O'Neill, (first time marcher with us, ex RAAF, former P3 Orion crew member of the "modern era" 10 Squadron), David, Greg and Mark Powis with Abbie, Secretary/Treasurer: Rick Hattam. Please address all, correspondence to Secretary: Rick Hattam, 5 Waurn Park Court, BELMONT VIC 3216, Phone 03 5241 3431, 0418 994 759; [email protected] Dylan and Riley Powis, Ray Rogers, Allan Stark, Julie Taylor with Jay and Maddie Taylor and David White. 461 Squadron marchers were Pam Gibson, Noel Clough, Beau Flaherty from NSW and Rick Hattam. 10 Squadron Banner erected and ready to commence the march. Three of the 10 Squadron stalwarts, David White and Allan Stark with Elaine Craig at rear 461 Squadron Banner with Beau Flaherty (centre) and Noel Clough (right) waiting to step off. 461 Squadron Banner and contingent at the Shrine Our thanks once again go to the Air Force Cadets who did a sterling job carrying our banners. R.A.A.F Association – Victorian Division Sunderland Branch A.C.N. 004250 248 Incorporating 10 Squadron RAAF, the first RAAF Squadron in action in W.W.II; 461 Squadron RAAF, The Anzac Squadron; and 13 RAF Squadrons Following a cup of tea and biscuit from the ever-present Salvos, our NSW member visitors, Anne Pike-Flaherty, her son Beau, daughter Samantha and grand-daughter Ophelia and myself visited the memorial trees for both 10 and 461 Squadrons. It was moving to see floral tributes at both sites and thank you to those Sunderlanders who placed them. This shows to other passing the trees that our Sunderland airmen are not forgotten. 10 and 461 Squadron Plaques at the Memorial Trees 75th ANNIVERSARY COMMEMORATION – PRAA SANDS, CORNWALL 3 JUNE A group of descendants and friends of the crew of 461 Squadron Sunderland “N for Nuts” Captained by Col Walker which made a forced landing on the beach following an epic air to air combat action over the Bay of Biscay attended a Commemorative Service at the memorial on the cliff overlooking the beach at Praa Sands. Secretary/Treasurer: Rick Hattam. Please address all, correspondence to Secretary: Rick Hattam, 5 Waurn Park Court, BELMONT VIC 3216, Phone 03 5241 3431, 0418 994 759; [email protected] View from the Memorial of the beach at Praa Sands where Col Walker successfully force landed “N for Nuts” on the night of 3 June 1943 The Memorial and wreaths NEW MODEL AVAILABLE Thank you to Allan Stark for this information. Following on from the release some time ago of a Corgi aircraft model of N for Nuts of 461 Squadron, another RAAF Sunderland has been immortalized by the issue of a new model. This time the model is a Sunderland Mk III, W3999, RB-Y of 10 Squadron. R.A.A.F Association – Victorian Division Sunderland Branch A.C.N. 004250 248 Incorporating 10 Squadron RAAF, the first RAAF Squadron in action in W.W.II; 461 Squadron RAAF, The Anzac Squadron; and 13 RAF Squadrons The Story of RB-Y from the Corgi Website. Short Sunderland Mk.III W3999/ RB-Y No.10 Squadron RAAF, RAF Mount Batten, Plymouth Sound, Devon, Early 1942 The majestic Sunderland flying boats of RAF Coastal Command were some of the most impressive aircraft of the Second World War and performed vital duties in protecting Britain’s sea lanes from enemy attack. With crews having to endure long and arduous patrols, they would often be sent to rescue downed airmen in perilous situations, with little thought for their own safety. Such an incident occurred on 21st June 1942, when the crew of Sunderland W3999 took off from RAF Mount Batten to try and locate a dinghy containing the crew of a ditched Coastal Command No.172 Squadron Vickers Wellington. On reaching the search area, the Sunderland, along with an accompanying Whitley patrol aircraft, were attacked by a German Arado Ar196 float plane, with the Sunderland taking a number of hits. Losing height immediately, the flying boat effected a landing on the open sea, but at the end of its landing run was seen to explode and sink beneath the waves. Coming under further attack, the Whitley took evasive action, before setting course for home, with the crew having the unpleasant task of confirming that there were no survivors from this tragic incident. There is further reference to this action on page 229 of “Maritime is Number 10”. The Captain was FLt “Buck” Judell. Website Link to the Corgi page. https://www.corgi.co.uk/shop/aircraft/planes/short-sunderland-mkiii-w3999-rb-y-10-squadron- raaf-mount-batten-early-1942.html YouTube link to a shorth video about the model. https://youtu.be/KSirT69-RAg COMING EVENTS ANNUAL POINT COOK PILGRIMAGE – 4 November 2018 Extract of Message from the AFA National President. This year’s Annual Pilgrimage to the AFC Memorial Point Cook will take the form of a WW1 Armistice Commemoration. The commemoration will be held on Sunday November 4th, 2018 to avoid conflict with major commemorations of this historic event. The commemoration is intended to be a signature event for the Air Force Association. Secretary/Treasurer: Rick Hattam. Please address all, correspondence to Secretary: Rick Hattam, 5 Waurn Park Court, BELMONT VIC 3216, Phone 03 5241 3431, 0418 994 759; [email protected] The event is intended to commence with a flying display, and a reception and light meal at the former Officers’ Mess at Point Cook. The commemoration is to be a torchlight service to commence just prior to sunset to signify the cessation of hostilities. The AFC Memorial will be appropriately decorated and lit with strategically placed lighting to provide towers of light behind the memorial. A large National Flag will be draped over the front of the monument. The area surrounding the memorial will be gracefully lit. Attendees will be provided with a torch to hold during the ceremony. Carl Schiller, OAM CSM National President Air Force Association Ltd Monthly Luncheons. Monthly Luncheons are held on the first Tuesday of each month at the East Malvern RSL, Stanley Grose Drive, East Malvern, off Winton Road. See Melways Map 60 A12. There is no luncheon in January and the November luncheon is held on the second Tuesday due to the Melbourne Cup clash on the first Tuesday. SHOPPING SECTION All items now in stock “MARITIME is NUMBER 10” Book – Your Committee has some copies of the reprint of this History of 10 Squadron. Books are available from the Secretary at a cost of $70.00 including GST, packaging and postage. Order forms are available from the Secretary. The reprint is quite good and worth purchasing. “ANZAC SQUADRON” This book relating the story of 461 Squadron the “ANZAC SQUADRON” by Norman Ashworth is also from the Secretary at a cost of $55.00 per copy, postage and handling. Sunderland Lapel Badges – “Sunderland” lapel badges are available from the Secretary at $8.00 ea. packaging and postage paid. 10 and 461 Squadron Plaques We now have both 10 and 461 Squadron Plaques in stock. The cost is $70.00 including GST, postage and packaging. LEST WE FORGET VALE: David Madden, Paratrooper, Friend of the Victorian Sunderlanders and recent Centenarian. .
Recommended publications
  • Cornish Archaeology 41–42 Hendhyscans Kernow 2002–3
    © 2006, Cornwall Archaeological Society CORNISH ARCHAEOLOGY 41–42 HENDHYSCANS KERNOW 2002–3 EDITORS GRAEME KIRKHAM AND PETER HERRING (Published 2006) CORNWALL ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY © 2006, Cornwall Archaeological Society © COPYRIGHT CORNWALL ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2006 No part of this volume may be reproduced without permission of the Society and the relevant author ISSN 0070 024X Typesetting, printing and binding by Arrowsmith, Bristol © 2006, Cornwall Archaeological Society Contents Preface i HENRIETTA QUINNELL Reflections iii CHARLES THOMAS An Iron Age sword and mirror cist burial from Bryher, Isles of Scilly 1 CHARLES JOHNS Excavation of an Early Christian cemetery at Althea Library, Padstow 80 PRU MANNING and PETER STEAD Journeys to the Rock: archaeological investigations at Tregarrick Farm, Roche 107 DICK COLE and ANDY M JONES Chariots of fire: symbols and motifs on recent Iron Age metalwork finds in Cornwall 144 ANNA TYACKE Cornwall Archaeological Society – Devon Archaeological Society joint symposium 2003: 149 archaeology and the media PETER GATHERCOLE, JANE STANLEY and NICHOLAS THOMAS A medieval cross from Lidwell, Stoke Climsland 161 SAM TURNER Recent work by the Historic Environment Service, Cornwall County Council 165 Recent work in Cornwall by Exeter Archaeology 194 Obituary: R D Penhallurick 198 CHARLES THOMAS © 2006, Cornwall Archaeological Society © 2006, Cornwall Archaeological Society Preface This double-volume of Cornish Archaeology marks the start of its fifth decade of publication. Your Editors and General Committee considered this milestone an appropriate point to review its presentation and initiate some changes to the style which has served us so well for the last four decades. The genesis of this style, with its hallmark yellow card cover, is described on a following page by our founding Editor, Professor Charles Thomas.
    [Show full text]
  • Geophysical Investigations of the Cattewater Wreck 1997-2007
    Geophysical Investigations of the Cattewater Wreck 1997-2007 Reference: PLYCAT_07GEO August 2010 Geophysical Investigations of the Cattewater Wreck 1997-2007 Geophysical Investigations of the Cattewater Wreck 1997-2007 Prepared by: Peter Holt 3H Consulting Ltd. 6 Honcray, Plymouth, PL9 7RP UK [email protected] © Copyright 3H Consulting Ltd 2010 Cover image from Great Britain’s Coasting Pilot chart 16, Collins 1693 Title Geophysical Investigations of the Cattewater Wreck 1997-2007 Description A summary of the geophysical survey work undertaken on the Cattewater Wreck, Plymouth, UK (NMR 1082125), site code PLYCAT Reference PLYCAT_07GEO Subject Maritime, wreck, watercraft, museum, designated wreck Coverage Village – Turnchapel, Town – Plymouth, County – Devon, Country – United Kingdom, Period 16th Century Creators Peter Holt Publisher 3H Consulting Ltd Dates August 2010 Version 1.1 Copyright 3H Consulting Ltd Language English Resource type Document Format Portable Document Format (PDF) Acknowledgements This document was prepared with contributions from: • Martin Read, Gwyn Jones, Victor Abbott, Janet Burroughs, Amelie Thebault, Elizabeth Swann and Dave Uren from the University of Plymouth • Kimberly Monk and Ashley Gould, University of Bristol • Sabine Muller and Jens Lowag, Innomar Technologie GmbH • Richard Read and Paul Lawrence, Flagship Training, HMS Drake • Dr. Mark Redknap, National Museum of Wales • Nigel Boston, Geosa Ltd • GSE Rentals Ltd. • Captain Bob Stewart, Hydrographer of the Navy • Martin Dean and Mark Lawrence, ADUS
    [Show full text]
  • Air Navigation in the Service
    A History of Navigation in the Royal Air Force RAF Historical Society Seminar at the RAF Museum, Hendon 21 October 1996 (Held jointly with The Royal Institute of Navigation and The Guild of Air Pilots and Air Navigators) ii The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the contributors concerned and are not necessarily those held by the Royal Air Force Historical Society. Copyright ©1997: Royal Air Force Historical Society First Published in the UK in 1997 by the Royal Air Force Historical Society British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data available ISBN 0 9519824 7 8 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the permission from the Publisher in writing. Typeset and printed in Great Britain by Fotodirect Ltd, Brighton Royal Air Force Historical Society iii Contents Page 1 Welcome by RAFHS Chairman, AVM Nigel Baldwin 1 2 Introduction by Seminar Chairman, AM Sir John Curtiss 4 3 The Early Years by Mr David Page 66 4 Between the Wars by Flt Lt Alec Ayliffe 12 5 The Epic Flights by Wg Cdr ‘Jeff’ Jefford 34 6 The Second World War by Sqn Ldr Philip Saxon 52 7 Morning Discussions and Questions 63 8 The Aries Flights by Gp Capt David Broughton 73 9 Developments in the Early 1950s by AVM Jack Furner 92 10 From the ‘60s to the ‘80s by Air Cdre Norman Bonnor 98 11 The Present and the Future by Air Cdre Bill Tyack 107 12 Afternoon Discussions and
    [Show full text]
  • Naval & Garrison Towns
    Naval & Garrison Towns Plymouth is possibly unique in the UK in that, at one time, it had all four armed forces stationed in the City, the Royal Navy, the Army, the Royal Marines and the Royal Air Force. The earliest reference to Plymouth’s military history is in 1287 when Edward I used the port as the assembly point for his fleet to carry an army to France. Plymouth Castle was built in the early 1400s. A series of gun platforms and block houses had been added along the waterfront by 1540. Drake’s Hoe Fort of the 1590s was largely replaced by the Royal Citadel after 1665. Across the mouth of the Plym, Mount Batten Tower probably dates from about 1650. The Naval Dockyard on the River Tamar at Plymouth Dock, later renamed Devonport, was developed from the 1690s. It had its own defences, mostly constructed in the second half of the 18th century. The Plymouth Division of Marines was established in 1755 with the Marine Barracks at Stonehouse being opened in 1783. Much later, in 1916-7, the Royal Naval Air Service became established at Mount Batten and operated seaplanes and flying boats from the Cattewater. This, in turn, became RAF Mount Batten. The strategic position of Plymouth made it an appropriate location for permanent military establishments including the Royal Citadel and the Naval Dockyard. Further fortifications, victualling facilities, barrack blocks for the men and military hospitals followed; these included the Royal Naval Hospital, the extended Royal Marine Barracks and Royal William Yard, all in Stonehouse. Devonport had the Dock Lines and their associated barracks, plus the Military Hospital.
    [Show full text]
  • Radiological Habits Survey: Devonport, 2017
    Cefas contract report C7325 Radiological Habits Survey: Devonport, 2017 Environment Report RL 10/18 This page has been intentionally left blank Environment Report RL 10/18 Radiological Habits Survey: Devonport, 2017 K.J. Moore, F.J. Clyne, B.J. Greenhill and K. Clarke 2018 The work described in this report was carried out under contract to the Environment Agency, the Food Standards Agency and the Office for Nuclear Regulation. Cefas contract C7325 FSA Project FS131008 Cefas Document Control Radiological Habits Survey: Devonport, 2017 Environment Agency, Food Standards Agency and Office for Nuclear Submitted to: Regulation Date submitted: 13/04/2018 Project Manager: Victoria Ly Report compiled by: Katie Moore Quality control by: Neil Edwards Approved by & date: Fiona Clyne 13/04/2018 Version: Final Version Control History Author Date Comment Version Sent to FSA, EA and K. Moore 28/12/2017 Draft 1 ONR for comments. Revised and sent to K. Moore 09/03/2018 FSA, EA and ONR for Draft 2 comments. All amendments K. Moore 13/04/2018 Final completed This report should be cited as: Moore, K.J., Clyne, F.J., Greenhill, B.J., and Clarke, K. 2018. Radiological Habits Survey: Devonport, 2017. RL 10/18. Cefas, Lowestoft A copy can be obtained by downloading from the Cefas website: www.cefas.co.uk © Crown copyright, 2018 Page 2 of 77 Radiological Habits Survey: Devonport, 2017 CONTENTS KEY POINTS .......................................................................................................................................... 7 SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Educational Boat Trips Around Plymouth Sound, River Tamar And
    HORIZONS Children’s Sailing Charity Telephone 01752 605800 5 Richmond Walk email : [email protected] Devonport www.horizonsplymouth.org Plymouth PL1 4LL Educational Boat Trips around Plymouth Sound, River Tamar and Royal Dockyard. HORIZONS (Plymouth) is a charitable company limited by guarantee. Company Number: 4592593 Charity Number: 1096256, Registered Office: 5 Richmond Walk, Devonport, Plymouth PL1 4LL Educational Boat Trips Order of pages Front Cover Green Route Orange Route Yellow Route Blue Route Red Route q x y-z u w p v o s t q n r m l r p k o n m j k l l i j g h i c i h e-f d a b e f d g c b a Horizons Children’s Sailing Charity (Educational boat trips Green Route) The county boroughs of Plymouth and Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse were merged in 1914 to form the single county borough of Plymouth – collectively referred to as The Three Towns. Mayflower Marina (Start) a,Ocean Quay At around 1877 a rail good shed was erected at friary leading to a goods line established beyond Devonport and Stonehouse to Ocean Quay. A few years after this in 1890 the quay was improved to take passengers. The idea was that Liner passengers would land by tender and be whisked to London and get there well in advance of those that stayed onboard and alighted at Southampton. There was then competition by the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) picking up from Ocean Quay with Brunel’s Great Western Railway (GWR) from Millbay.
    [Show full text]
  • Waterfront Regeneration in Plymouth
    University of Plymouth PEARL https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences 2015 Urban regeneration: thirty years of change on Plymouth's waterfront Essex, SJ http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/4414 Transactions of the Devonshire Association All content in PEARL is protected by copyright law. Author manuscripts are made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the details provided on the item record or document. In the absence of an open licence (e.g. Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher or author. ESSEX, S.J. & FORD, P. (2015) Urban regeneration: thirty years of change on Plymouth’s waterfront, Transactions of the Devonshire Association, 147, 73-102. Published: 12 February, 2016 COASTAL URBAN REGENERATION: THIRTY YEARS OF CHANGE ON PLYMOUTH’S WATERFRONT Dr Stephen Essex, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL8 4AA, UK. [email protected] Tel: 01752-585980 Fax: 01752-584710 Peter Ford, Head of Development Management, Strategic Planning and Infrastructure, Plymouth City Council, Ballard House, West Hoe Road, Plymouth, PL1 3BJ, UK. [email protected] Tel: 01752-304561 1 COASTAL URBAN REGENERATION: THIRTY YEARS OF CHANGE ON PLYMOUTH’S WATERFRONT ABSTRACT Waterfront revitalisation has become one of the main areas of concentration and activity in urban regeneration as former port, military and resort sites seek new and appropriate uses. Various regeneration approaches have been implemented over the years, with most involving central-government funding, but with different levels of partnership with the private sector and/or the local community.
    [Show full text]
  • Book of Wonder, Where We Have Found Even More Quirky and Fascinating Facts About Our Amazing Waterfront City, As Well As Refreshing Some of Our Original Ones
    PLYMOUTH’S OVER 100 AMAZING FACTS SECOND EDITION Welcome to the second edition of the Plymouth Book of Wonder, where we have found even more quirky and fascinating facts about our amazing waterfront city, as well as refreshing some of our original ones. The book continues to give you a flavour of what makes Plymouth the vibrant, creative and exciting ocean city that it is today. Plymouth is an ambitious city with huge growth potential and is undergoing exciting changes, with many more on the horizon. We have already seen the transformation of Millbay and Royal William Yard, now a cultural hotspot for restaurants, art galleries and events. It’s this creativity and vibrancy, along with our spectacular waterfront location and rich heritage that provides such a fantastic quality of life, making Plymouth, Britain’s Ocean City the perfect location to live, work and invest. To find out more about business opportunities in Plymouth, contact the Enterprise and Inward Investment team on: T +44 1752 307360 E [email protected] W investinplymouth.co.uk @investplymouth We gratefully acknowledge the support from all the businesses and organisations that have helped us by providing images and information for this guide, with special thanks to the Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery and Corporate Communications Department. Every care has been taken to ensure the information contained in this publication is correct at time of printing; however Plymouth City Council cannot be held responsible for any errors, omissions or actions being taken on reliance
    [Show full text]
  • No. 10 SQUADRON RAAF an Overview of Its Role in World War II
    SOUTH AUSTRALIAN AVIATION MUSEUM SIGNIFICANT AVIATION PROFILES No. 10 SQUADRON RAAF An Overview of its role in World War II Sunderland Mk.I N9048, the first of type to join No.10 Sqn on 11 Sep 1939. The aircraft was destroyed at Mount Batten on 27 Nov 1940 in a hangar fire, as a result of an air raid. INTRODUCTION No. 10 (General Reconnaissance) Squadron, Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) was formed at RAAF station, Point Cook, Victoria on 1 July 1939. By mid-July, two small but separate groups of pilots and airmen had departed for England to commence training on Mk.I Short Sunderland flying boats. The aircraft would then be ferried back to Australia to patrol and reconnoitre the nation’s maritime environs. Such was the plan. However, ongoing political uncertainty finally erupted into World War II on 1 September 1939. The upshot was that No.10 Sqn remained in the United Kingdom (UK) following an appeal from Britain to the Australian Government. Thus, not only did No. 10 Sqn become the first Dominion squadron to commence active service, it was the only RAAF squadron to be on continuous active service throughout the war. PREPARING FOR WAR To bring No. 10 Sqn up to unit strength, a further group of 185 RAAF personnel departed Australia on board RMS Orontes in mid-November 1939, arriving at Pembroke Dock, Wales on 26 December 1939. The squadron establishment now numbered 16 officers and 197 airmen, with the first Sunderland accepted on 11 September 1939. The full 1 | P a g e complement of nine aircraft had been delivered by 21 December 1939 and would be followed by another 70+ Sunderland Mk.I, Mk.II and Mk.III aircraft throughout the war.
    [Show full text]
  • “A Fleeting Opportunity to Strike”: the Combat Experiences of Australians Serving in RAF Coastal Command During the Second World War
    “A fleeting opportunity to strike”: the combat experiences of Australians serving in RAF Coastal Command during the Second World War Jessica Urwin The experiences of Australians who served in Royal Air Force (RAF) Coastal Command during the Second World War remain largely unknown. Stories concerning Bomber and Fighter Commands are common in literature concerning the RAF, but Coastal Command is often rendered their defensive sister and relegated to third place in the scholarship. Despite this – and the misconceptions such labels have encouraged – the crews of Coastal Command have colourful and harrowing stories, and their service played a crucial role in the victory over European fascism in 1945. Introduction On 2 June 1943, the crew of Sunderland EJ134, or “N for Nuts” of No. 461 Squadron, Coastal Command, took off from Pembroke Dock to undertake standard anti- submarine reconnaissance over the Bay of Biscay. Scheduled to take off in the early morning, the Sunderland crew was delayed owing to poor weather. The aircraft finally took flight at 1330 hours. At 1900 hours, having flown six hours over the Bay of Biscay, a member of the crew spotted eight aircraft on the starboard beam of the Sunderland. The pilot, Flight Lieutenant Walker, attempted to take cloud cover to conceal their position. Unfortunately for the crew of N for Nuts, the eight aircraft were German Junker 88 fighter-bombers and they had spotted the Allied aircraft.1 In the ensuing attack, Sunderland EJ134 received significant damage and the crew’s engineer, Pilot Officer Miles, was mortally wounded. After 45 minutes of aerial fighting, the remaining JU 88s abandoned their efforts and the Sunderland was free to turn for base; however, this meant getting 500 km back to base with a shaken 1 ‘Pilot’s Control Wheel from Sunderland Aircraft EJ134’, Australian War Memorial, accessed 20 January 2018, <https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C147771>.
    [Show full text]
  • The Battle of Britain and the German Blockade
    CHAPTER 2 THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN AND THE GERMAN BLOCKADE mid-June 1940 it was necessary for both protagonists to review thei r I Nstrategy for the future conduct of a war, which, with the imminent with- drawal of France, had become a struggle between a purely maritime natio n and a purely continental power . The issues were abundantly clear an d were stated by Mr Churchill on 18th June : What General Weygand called the Battle of France is over . I expect that the Battle of Britain is about to begin . The whole fury and might of the enemy must very soon be turned on us . Hitler knows that he will have to break us in thi s island or lose the war . Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duty, and s o bear ourselves that if the British Commonwealth and Empire lasts for a thousan d years men will still say, "This was their finest hour." Thus, while the United Kingdom, now almost stripped of military forces fully equipped to fight a modern war, had to shelter behind se a power and its extension air power until strong enough to renew the struggle, Germany had two main strategic plans from which to choose . As an immediate project in keeping with the avowed German policy o f "short wars", military invasion and conquest was the obvious path, bu t Admiral Raeder and other influential Germans advocated a long-rang e plan of blockade and bombardment. Preparations for these two complementary offensives began early i n July as soon as Hitler 's hopes of a negotiated peace had been shattered by a scornful refusal to compromise .
    [Show full text]
  • Twentieth-Century Military Sites
    Twentieth-Century Military Sites On 1st April 2015 the Historic Buildings and Monuments Commission for England changed its common name from English Heritage to Historic England. We are now re-branding all our documents. Although this document refers to English Heritage, it is still the Commission's current advice and guidance and will in due course be re-branded as Historic England. Please see our website for up to date contact information, and further advice. We welcome feedback to help improve this document, which will be periodically revised. Please email comments to [email protected] We are the government's expert advisory service for England's historic environment. We give constructive advice to local authorities, owners and the public. We champion historic places helping people to understand, value and care for them, now and for the future. HistoricEngland.org.uk/advice 7015_20cSites 21/7/03 2:47 pm Page 1 2003 Twentieth-Century Military Sites Current approaches to their recording and conservation 7015_20cSites 21/7/03 2:48 pm Page 2 This pillbox formed part of an extensive and still recognisable system of coastal defences at Auburn Sands, near Bridlington in the East Riding. [© Roger J C Thomas] 7015_20cSites 21/7/03 2:48 pm Page 3 Twentieth-century military sites Such was the speed of change in the one million visitors since their opening in and structures present practical development of technology and military 1990. Other organisations play an strategy during this period that some sites important role in the presentation of key and philosophical difficulties and and structures were superseded after only sites to the public: for example the challenges to those concerned a year or so of active life and many sites – Imperial War Museum at Duxford Airfield with their recording and especially the hundreds of miles of in Cambridgeshire, the Cabinet War trenches and earthworks excavated as anti- Rooms in Whitehall and the National Trust conservation.Their enormous invasion measures in 1940 – were cleared site at Orford Ness in Suffolk.
    [Show full text]