DOCSLIB.ORG

Aspen Biology, Community Classification, and Management in the Blue Mountains

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Aspen Biology, Community Classification, and Management in the Blue Mountains Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Aspen Bibliography Aspen Research 2010 Aspen biology, community classification, and management in the Blue Mountains David K. Swanson Craig L. Schmitt Diane M. Shirley Vicky Erickson Kenneth J. Schuetz Michael L. Tatum See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/aspen_bib Part of the Forest Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Swanson, David K.; Schmitt, Craig L.; Shirley, Diane M.; Erickson, Vicky; Schuetz, Kenneth J.; Tatum, Michael L.; Powell, David C. 2010. Aspen biology, community classification, and management in the Blue Mountains. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-806. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 117 p. This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Aspen Research at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Aspen Bibliography by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors David K. Swanson, Craig L. Schmitt, Diane M. Shirley, Vicky Erickson, Kenneth J. Schuetz, Michael L. Tatum, and David C. Powell This report is available at DigitalCommons@USU: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/aspen_bib/7017 United States Department of Agriculture Aspen Biology, Community Forest Service Classification, and Management Pacific Northwest Research Station in the Blue Mountains General Technical Report PNW-GTR-806 May 2010 David K. Swanson, Craig L. Schmitt, Diane M. Shirley, Vicky Erickson, Kenneth J. Schuetz, Michael L. Tatum, and David C. Powell The Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture is dedicated to the principle of multiple use man- agement of the Nation’s forest resources for sustained yields of wood, water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management of the national forests and national grasslands, it strives—as directed by Congress—to provide increasingly greater service to a growing Nation. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Author David K. Swanson was an area ecologist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, P.O. Box 907, Baker City, OR 97814, is now an ecologist with the U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 4175 Geist Rd., Fairbanks, AK 99709. Craig L. Schmitt is a zone pathologist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1401 Gekeler Lane, La Grande, OR 97850. Diane M. Shirley is a forestry technician, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Umatilla National Forest, P.O. Box 158, Ukiah, OR 97880. Vicky Erickson is the regional geneticist, and David C. Powell is a forest silviculturalist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Umatilla National Forest, 2517 Hailey Avenue, Pendleton, OR 97801. Kenneth J. Schuetz (deceased) was a forest wildlife biolo- gist, and Michael L. Tatum is a forest silviculturist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Malheur National Forest, P.O. Box 909, John Day, OR 97845. Cover photo: Aspen stand with buck-and-pole fence constructed of local thinning slash 8 years prior to photo. Regeneration is lacking around the mature trees outside of the fenced area on the right. Blue Mountain Ranger District of the Malheur National Forest, in the vicinity of Camp Creek and Starr Ridge. Photo by Michael Tatum, Malheur National Forest. Abstract Swanson, David K.; Schmitt, Craig L.; Shirley, Diane M.; Erickson, Vicky; Schuetz, Kenneth J.; Tatum, Michael L.; Powell, David C. 2010. Aspen biology, community classification, and management in the Blue Mountains. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-806. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 117 p. Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) is a valuable species that is declining in the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon. This publication is a compilation of over 20 years of aspen management experience by USDA Forest Service workers in the Blue Mountains. It includes a summary of aspen biology and occurrence in the Blue Mountains, and a discussion of aspen conservation and management techniques such as fencing, conifer removal, and artificial propagation. Local data on bird use of aspen stands, insects and diseases in aspen, and genetic studies of aspen are also included. An aspen community classification developed from over 200 sample plots is presented, with plant species composition and cover, environment and soils, and management considerations. Keywords: Populus tremuloides, forest management, forest ecology, plant community classification. Preface This publication is a collaboration that draws on the efforts of many people who have worked with aspen in the Blue Mountains. Primary authorship of the various sections is as follows: • Aspen Biology and Ecology–David K. Swanson, Kenneth J. Schuetz (Bird use of aspen on the Malheur National Forest), David C. Powell, and Michael L. Tatum • Genetic Diversity and Structure of Aspen Stands in the Blue Mountains–Vicky Erickson • Insects and Diseases of Aspen in the Blue Mountains–Craig L. Schmitt • Aspen Management in the Blue Mountains–David K. Swanson, Diane M. Shirley, Michael L. Tatum, and Vicky Ericson with contributions from most of the collaborators • Aspen Community Classification in the Blue Mountains–David K. Swanson i ii Aspen Biology, Community Classification, and Management in the Blue Mountains David K. Swanson, Craig L. Schmitt, Diane M. Shirley, Vicky Erickson, Kenneth J. Schuetz, Michael L. Tatum, and David C. Powell With contributions from (listed alphabetically): Roderick R. Clausnitzer, Lynda Cobb, Bill J. Collar, Elizabeth A. Crowe, Terry Hicks, Jerold Hustafa, Charles G. Johnson, Jr., Betsy H. Kaiser, Cynthia L. Kranich, Mark A. Penniger, Roy Schwenke, Joseph M. Sciarrino, Paul W. Survis, and Martin Vavra. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station General Technical Report PNW-GTR-806 May 2010 iii iv Contents 1 Introduction 1 Aspen Biology and Ecology 1 Aspen Clones and Root System 1 Reproduction 4 Ecological Range 6 Competition and Succession 6 Fire Effects 7 Herbivores and Aspen 7 Aspen Occurrence in the Blue Mountains 9 Decline of Aspen in the Blue Mountains 10 Invasive Plants and Aspen 10 Bird Use of Aspen Habitats in the Blue Mountains 12 Genetic Diversity and Structure of Aspen Stands in the Blue Mountains 16 Genetic Variation at the Stand Level 16 Geographic Variation in Genetic Structure 17 Genetic Evidence for Decline of Aspen Clones 17 Management Implications 17 Insects and Diseases of Aspen in the Blue Mountains 18 Stem Decays 19 Trunk Butt and Root Rots 19 Canker Diseases 21 Foliage Diseases 22 Insect Pests of Aspen 25 Aspen Management in the Blue Mountains 25 Overview 28 Conifer Removal 30 Fencing 34 Fire 35 Aspen Felling and Girdling 35 Mechanical Site Preparation 36 Thinning 36 Establishment of Aspen Outside of Existing Stands 38 Vegetative Propagation 40 Propagation of Aspen From Seed 41 Restoring Understory Plant Diversity in Aspen Stands 42 Assessment of Aspen Regeneration 43 Aspen Stand Quick Assessment and Desired Future Condition 47 Aspen Community Classification in the Blue Mountains 47 Study Area 48 Plant Association Concept v 48 Field Methods 49 Classification and Data Analysis Methods 50 Data Presentation 50 Keys to Aspen Communities of the Blue Mountains 51 Key to Riparian and Wetland Aspen Vegetation 52 Key to Upland Aspen Vegetation 53 Upland Grand Fir Series Aspen Type Key 54 Upland Ponderosa Pine and Douglas-Fir Series Aspen Type Key 55 Riparian and Wetland Aspen Plant Communities 55 Aspen-Engelmann Spruce Types 55 Aspen-Engelmann Spruce/Fowl Mannagrass-Bluejoint Reedgrass Plant Community Type 56 Aspen-Tall Shrub Types 56 Aspen/Mountain Alder-Red-Osier Dogwood Plant Community Type 56 Aspen/Mountain Alder-Common Snowberry Plant Community Type 56 Aspen/Black Hawthorne Plant Community Type 57 Aspen/Tall Shrub Wetland Plant Communities on Slopes 58 Riparian Aspen/Common Snowberry Types 58 Grand Fir/Common Snowberry (Floodplain) Plant Community Type 58 Douglas-Fir/Common Snowberry (Floodplain) Plant Association 58 Ponderosa Pine/Common Snowberry (Floodplain) Plant Association 58 Aspen/Common Snowberry Plant Community Type 62 Herbaceous Aspen Meadow Types 62 Aspen/Aquatic Sedge Plant Community Type 62 Aspen/Woolly Sedge Plant Association 65 Aspen/Yellow Sedge Plant Community Type 66 Aspen/Bluejoint Reedgrass Plant Community Type 68 Aspen/Kentucky Bluegrass Plant Community Type 68 Aspen/Meadow Foxtail Plant Community Type 68 Aspen/Mesic Forb Plant Community Type 72 Upland Aspen
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Acer Glabrum Var. Douglasii Snowberry
    NATIVE PLANTS/SHRUBS: Saskatoon Serviceberry – Amielanchier alnifolia Oceanspray – Holodiscus discolor Blue Elderberry - Sambucus cerulea Erect, loosely branched shrub up to 15’ tall. Found Usually a shrub or small tree from 10’ to 20’ or Vine Maple - Acer circinatum Large shrubs or small trees up to 40’ tall and 6” in diameter. Occurs on moist, well-drained on well drained to dry sites in the sun and shade more tall. Found on moist, well-drained sites in An erect shrub, or more commonly a helter- sites in the sun or partial shade, from southern from south central California northward to British the sun; from British Columbia south to California, skelter arrangement of crooked branches; Alaska to northwestern California, and east- Columbia, eastward to Idaho. east through Idaho, Utah, and Nevada. up to 20’ tall, or less commonly a small tree ward throughout the Rocky Mountains. Elevational range: sea level to 9,000 feet. 30’ to 40’ in height. Common understory Dull Oregon Grape – Mahonia (Berberis) nervosa species in the West side forests of the Red Elderberry – Sambucus racemosa Pacific Northwest also pioneer species on Oregon Grape – Low, evergreen shrub with pinnately Berberis aquifolium (Tall Oregon Grape) A shrub or small tree from 8’ to 20’ tall. Occurs on cutover and burned-over lands. Found compound leaves; seldom over 30” high. moist, well-drained sites in the sun; most Erect evergreen shrub 3’ to 10’ tall, with dark on moist sites in the sun or shade from Grows on moist, well-drained sites in the sun common on the West Side of the Cascade green glossy leaves.
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plants at Fort Ross State Historic Park
    19005 Coast Highway One, Jenner, CA 95450 ■ 707.847.3437 ■ [email protected] ■ www.fortross.org Title: Vascular Plants at Fort Ross State Historic Park Author(s): Dorothy Scherer Published by: California Native Plant Society i Source: Fort Ross Conservancy Library URL: www.fortross.org Fort Ross Conservancy (FRC) asks that you acknowledge FRC as the source of the content; if you use material from FRC online, we request that you link directly to the URL provided. If you use the content offline, we ask that you credit the source as follows: “Courtesy of Fort Ross Conservancy, www.fortross.org.” Fort Ross Conservancy, a 501(c)(3) and California State Park cooperating association, connects people to the history and beauty of Fort Ross and Salt Point State Parks. © Fort Ross Conservancy, 19005 Coast Highway One, Jenner, CA 95450, 707-847-3437 .~ ) VASCULAR PLANTS of FORT ROSS STATE HISTORIC PARK SONOMA COUNTY A PLANT COMMUNITIES PROJECT DOROTHY KING YOUNG CHAPTER CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY DOROTHY SCHERER, CHAIRPERSON DECEMBER 30, 1999 ) Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 18, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments Ferns & Fern Allies: Azollaceae/Mosquito Fern Azo/la filiculoides Mosquito Fern wp Blechnaceae/Deer Fern Blechnum spicant Deer Fern RV mp,sp Woodwardia fimbriata Giant Chain Fern RV wp Oennstaedtiaceae/Bracken Fern Pleridium aquilinum var. pubescens Bracken, Brake CG,CC,CF mh T Oryopteridaceae/Wood Fern Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosorum Western lady Fern RV sp,wp Dryopteris arguta Coastal Wood Fern OS op,st Dryopteris expansa Spreading Wood Fern RV sp,wp Polystichum munitum Western Sword Fern CF mh,mp Equisetaceae/Horsetail Equisetum arvense Common Horsetail RV ds,mp Equisetum hyemale ssp.affine Common Scouring Rush RV mp,sg Equisetum laevigatum Smooth Scouring Rush mp,sg Equisetum telmateia ssp.
    [Show full text]
  • Wildflower Talk
    Wildflower Talk These are a series of short articles written by Kristen Currin of Humble Roots Native Plant Nursery in Mosier, Oregon, featuring plants from around the Columbia Gorge. Each of these articles appeared in an issue of the Wasco County Soil and Water Conservation District’s newsletter, GROUNDWORK. I hope you enjoy them. All photos are courtesy of Kristen Currin. Please ask permission before using. www.humblerootsnursery.com Nothing in this document is to be construed as medical advice. A licensed herbalist should be consulted for proper identification and preparation before eating those plants designated as edible. Humble Roots Nursery nor the Conservation District are liable for improper consumption of plants listed in this document. INDEX Arnica, Heart-Leaf Glacier Lily Phlox, Cushion Bachelor Buttons Goldenrod Pineapple Weed Balsamroot Grass Widow Prairie Stars Bitterroot Indian Hemp Rabbitbrush (sp) Buckwheat, Arrowleaf Juniper Rabbitbrush, Gray Buckwheat, Snow Larkspur, Upland Rose, Wild California Poppy Kinnickinick Saxifrage Cattail Mariposa Lily Serviceberry Ceanothus Milkweed, Showy Shooting Star, Poet’s Chocolate Lily Miner’s Lettuce Sumac, Smooth Columbia Coreopsis Mugwort, Western Wapato Currant, Golden Native Shrubs Washington Lily Dutchman’s Breeches Nettle, Stinging Western Bunchberry Desert Parsley, Columbia Oceanspray Yellow Bee Plant Desert Parsley, Gray’s Oregon Grape Yellow Bells Elderberry, Blue Pearly Everlasting Yellow Star Thistle Gairdners Yampah Phantom Orchid 1 TOP Page Heart-leaf Arnica Arnica cordifolia Look for arnica's yellow flowers in spring. Arnica is an important native medicinal plant used topically to soothe sore muscles and sprains. A woodland plant and a good choice for the shady xeric garden. Bachelor Buttons, Cornflower Centaurea cyanus Many may think this beautiful blue flower is a native plant due to the fact that it dominates many of our meadows and is commonly sold in wildflower seed mixes.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Or Suitable Plants City of Mccall
    Native or Suitable Plants City of McCall The following list of plants is presented to assist the developer, business owner, or homeowner in selecting plants for landscaping. The list is by no means complete, but is a recommended selection of plants which are either native or have been successfully introduced to our area. Successful landscaping, however, requires much more than just the selection of plants. Unless you have some experience, it is suggested than you employ the services of a trained or otherwise experienced landscaper, arborist, or forester. For best results it is recommended that careful consideration be made in purchasing the plants from the local nurseries (i.e. Cascade, McCall, and New Meadows). Plants brought in from the Treasure Valley may not survive our local weather conditions, microsites, and higher elevations. Timing can also be a serious consideration as the plants may have already broken dormancy and can be damaged by our late frosts. Appendix B SELECTED IDAHO NATIVE PLANTS SUITABLE FOR VALLEY COUNTY GROWING CONDITIONS Trees & Shrubs Acer circinatum (Vine Maple). Shrub or small tree 15-20' tall, Pacific Northwest native. Bright scarlet-orange fall foliage. Excellent ornamental. Alnus incana (Mountain Alder). A large shrub, useful for mid to high elevation riparian plantings. Good plant for stream bank shelter and stabilization. Nitrogen fixing root system. Alnus sinuata (Sitka Alder). A shrub, 6-1 5' tall. Grows well on moist slopes or stream banks. Excellent shrub for erosion control and riparian restoration. Nitrogen fixing root system. Amelanchier alnifolia (Serviceberry). One of the earlier shrubs to blossom out in the spring.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park
    Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 9-17-2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park" (2018). Botanical Studies. 85. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/85 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE REDWOOD NATIONAL & STATE PARKS James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State Univerity Arcata, California 14 September 2018 The Redwood National and State Parks are located in Del Norte and Humboldt counties in coastal northwestern California. The national park was F E R N S established in 1968. In 1994, a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Parks and Recreation added Del Norte Coast, Prairie Creek, Athyriaceae – Lady Fern Family and Jedediah Smith Redwoods state parks to form a single administrative Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosporum • northwestern lady fern unit. Together they comprise about 133,000 acres (540 km2), including 37 miles of coast line. Almost half of the remaining old growth redwood forests Blechnaceae – Deer Fern Family are protected in these four parks.
    [Show full text]
  • TAXONOMY Plant Family Species Scientific Name
    Plant Propagation Protocol for LANE3 ESRM 412 – Native Plant Production Protocol URL: https://courses.washington.edu/esrm412/protocols/LANE3.pdf Source 4 TAXONOMY Plant Family Scientific Name Fabaceae ∕ Leguminosae1 Common Name Pea1 Species Scientific Name Scientific Name Lathyrus nevadensis S. Watson1 Varieties Lathyrus nevadensis ssp. lanceolatus var. nuttallii (S. Watson) (Howell) C.L. Hitchc.1 Lathyrus nevadensis ssp. lanceolatus var. parkeri (S. Watson) (Howell) (H. St. John) C.L. Hitchc. 1 Lathyrus nevadensis ssp. lanceolatus var. pilosellus (S. Watson) (Howell) (M. Peck) C.L. Hitchc. 1 Lathyrus nevadensis ssp. lanceolatus var. puniceus (S. Watson) (Howell) C.L. Hitchc. 1 Sub-species Lathyrus nevadensis ssp. cusickii (S. Watson) C.L. Hitchc. 1 Lathyrus nevadensis ssp. lanceolatus (Howell) C.L. Hitchc. 1 Lathyrus nevadensis ssp. Nevadensis S. Watson. 1 Cultivar None Common Synonym(s) Lathyrus lanceolatus Howell.4 Lathyrus nuttallii S. Watson.4 Common Name(s) Sierra Pea2, Sierra Sweet Pea2, Sierran Vetching2, Purple Peavine3, Cusick’s pea8 Species Code (as per USDA LANE31 Plants database) GENERAL INFORMATION Geographical range Source 1 Source 4 Source 5 Ecological distribution Mixed deciduous and coniferous slopes.2 Dry soil.2 Part-shade.2 Moderately moist to dry open woods and clearings.3, 8 Occurs from California to British Columbia, and as far East as Idaho.1 Found predominately on low-mid mountain slopes.3 Climate and elevation range Grows at elevations between 450m-2300m.6 Boreal, temperate, or cool mesothermic climates. Local
    [Show full text]
  • Okanogan County Plant List by Scientific Name
    The NatureMapping Program Washington Plant List Revised: 9/15/2011 Okanogan County by Scientific Name (1) Non- native, (2) ID Scientific Name Common Name Plant Family Invasive √ 763 Acer glabrum Douglas maple Aceraceae 3 Acer macrophyllum Big-leaf maple Aceraceae 800 Alisma graminium Narrowleaf waterplantain Alismataceae 19 Alisma plantago-aquatica American waterplantain Alismataceae 1155 Amaranthus blitoides Prostrate pigweed Amaranthaceae 1087 Rhus glabra Sumac Anacardiaceae 650 Rhus radicans Poison ivy Anacardiaceae 1230 Berula erecta Cutleaf water-parsnip Apiaceae 774 Cicuta douglasii Water-hemlock Apiaceae 915 Cymopteris terebinthinus Turpentine spring-parsley Apiaceae 167 Heracleum lanatum Cow parsnip Apiaceae 1471 Ligusticum canbyi Canby's lovage Apiaceae 991 Ligusticum grayi Gray's lovage Apiaceae 709 Lomatium ambiguum Swale desert-parsley Apiaceae 1475 Lomatium brandegei Brandegee's lomatium Apiaceae 573 Lomatium dissectum Fern-leaf biscuit-root Apiaceae Coeur d'Alene desert- Lomatium farinosum Apiaceae 548 parsley 582 Lomatium geyeri Geyer's desert-parsley Apiaceae 586 Lomatium gormanii Gorman's desert-parsley Apiaceae 998 Lomatium grayi Gray's desert-parsley Apiaceae 999 Lomatium hambleniae Hamblen's desert-parsley Apiaceae 609 Lomatium macrocarpum Large-fruited lomatium Apiaceae 1476 Lomatium martindalei Few-flowered lomatium Apiaceae 1000 Lomatium nudicaule Pestle parsnip Apiaceae 1477 Lomatium piperi Piper's bisciut-root Apiaceae 634 Lomatium triternatum Nine-leaf lomatium Apiaceae 1528 Osmorhiza berteroi Berter's sweet-cicely
    [Show full text]
  • Download The
    SYSTEMATICA OF ARNICA, SUBGENUS AUSTROMONTANA AND A NEW SUBGENUS, CALARNICA (ASTERACEAE:SENECIONEAE) by GERALD BANE STRALEY B.Sc, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, 1968 M.Sc, Ohio University, 1974 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of Botany) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA March 1980 © Gerald Bane Straley, 1980 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the Head of my Department or by his representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department nf Botany The University of British Columbia 2075 Wesbrook Place Vancouver, Canada V6T 1W5 26 March 1980 ABSTRACT Seven species are recognized in Arnica subgenus Austromontana and two species in a new subgenus Calarnica based on a critical review and conserva• tive revision of the species. Chromosome numbers are given for 91 populations representing all species, including the first reports for Arnica nevadensis. Results of apomixis, vegetative reproduction, breeding studies, and artifi• cial hybridizations are given. Interrelationships of insect pollinators, leaf miners, achene feeders, and floret feeders are presented. Arnica cordifolia, the ancestral species consists largely of tetraploid populations, which are either autonomous or pseudogamous apomicts, and to a lesser degree diploid, triploid, pentaploid, and hexaploid populations.
    [Show full text]
  • Conifer Communities of the Santa Cruz Mountains and Interpretive
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ CALIFORNIA CONIFERS: CONIFER COMMUNITIES OF THE SANTA CRUZ MOUNTAINS AND INTERPRETIVE SIGNAGE FOR THE UCSC ARBORETUM AND BOTANIC GARDEN A senior internship project in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of BACHELOR OF ARTS in ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES by Erika Lougee December 2019 ADVISOR(S): Karen Holl, Environmental Studies; Brett Hall, UCSC Arboretum ABSTRACT: There are 52 species of conifers native to the state of California, 14 of which are endemic to the state, far more than any other state or region of its size. There are eight species of coniferous trees native to the Santa Cruz Mountains, but most people can only name a few. For my senior internship I made a set of ten interpretive signs to be installed in front of California native conifers at the UCSC Arboretum and wrote an associated paper describing the coniferous forests of the Santa Cruz Mountains. Signs were made using the Arboretum’s laser engraver and contain identification and collection information, habitat, associated species, where to see local stands, and a fun fact or two. While the physical signs remain a more accessible, kid-friendly format, the paper, which will be available on the Arboretum website, will be more scientific with more detailed information. The paper will summarize information on each of the eight conifers native to the Santa Cruz Mountains including localized range, ecology, associated species, and topics pertaining to the species in current literature. KEYWORDS: Santa Cruz, California native plants, plant communities, vegetation types, conifers, gymnosperms, environmental interpretation, UCSC Arboretum and Botanic Garden I claim the copyright to this document but give permission for the Environmental Studies department at UCSC to share it with the UCSC community.
    [Show full text]
  • Squilchuck State Park
    Rare Plant Inventory and Community Vegetation Survey Squilchuck State Park Cypripedium montanum,mountain lady’s-slipper, on the state Watch list, present at Squilchuck State Park Conducted for The Washington State Pakrs and Recreation Commission PO Box 42650, Olympia, Washington 98504 Conducted by Dana Visalli, Methow Biodiversity Project PO Box 175, Winthrop, WA 98862 In Cooperation with the Pacific Biodiversity Institute December 31, 2004 Rare Plant Inventory and Community Vegetation Survey Squilchuck State Park In the summer of 2004, at the request of and under contract to the Washington State Parks Commission, a rare plant inventory and community vegetation survey was conducted at Squilchuck State Park by Dana Visalli and assisting botanists and GIS technicians. Squilchuck State Park is a 263 acre park on the east slope of the Cascade Mountains in Central Washington, located largely in the transition zone between shrub-steppe and montane forest. Plant community polygons were delineated prior to the initiation of field surveys using or- thophotos and satellite imagery. These polygons were then ground checked during the vegetation surveys, which were conducted simultaneously with the rare plant inventories. All plant associa- tions were determined using theField Guide for Forested Plant Associations of the Wenatchee National Forest(Lilybridge et al, 1995) The Douglas-fir dominated forest above the lodge, on the eastern slopes of the park. The forest on this east slope is in places heavily overstocked and the trees supressed. Vegetation surveys and plant inventories were conducted by two field personnel (one bota- nist, one GIS technician) on June 11th, and again by 4 field workers on August 13 (two botanists and two GIS technicians).
    [Show full text]
  • Rare Plant Survey of San Juan Public Lands, Colorado
    Rare Plant Survey of San Juan Public Lands, Colorado 2005 Prepared by Colorado Natural Heritage Program 254 General Services Building Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 Rare Plant Survey of San Juan Public Lands, Colorado 2005 Prepared by Peggy Lyon and Julia Hanson Colorado Natural Heritage Program 254 General Services Building Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 December 2005 Cover: Imperiled (G1 and G2) plants of the San Juan Public Lands, top left to bottom right: Lesquerella pruinosa, Draba graminea, Cryptantha gypsophila, Machaeranthera coloradoensis, Astragalus naturitensis, Physaria pulvinata, Ipomopsis polyantha, Townsendia glabella, Townsendia rothrockii. Executive Summary This survey was a continuation of several years of rare plant survey on San Juan Public Lands. Funding for the project was provided by San Juan National Forest and the San Juan Resource Area of the Bureau of Land Management. Previous rare plant surveys on San Juan Public Lands by CNHP were conducted in conjunction with county wide surveys of La Plata, Archuleta, San Juan and San Miguel counties, with partial funding from Great Outdoors Colorado (GOCO); and in 2004, public lands only in Dolores and Montezuma counties, funded entirely by the San Juan Public Lands. Funding for 2005 was again provided by San Juan Public Lands. The primary emphases for field work in 2005 were: 1. revisit and update information on rare plant occurrences of agency sensitive species in the Colorado Natural Heritage Program (CNHP) database that were last observed prior to 2000, in order to have the most current information available for informing the revision of the Resource Management Plan for the San Juan Public Lands (BLM and San Juan National Forest); 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Developing Species-Habitat Relationships: 2016 Project Report
    Field Keys to Groups and Alliances in the National Vegetation Classification: Northern Basin & Range / Columbia Plateau Ecoregions NatureServe Conservation Science Division P r i n c i p a l Investigator Patrick J. C o m e r , Chief Ecologist [email protected] 703.797.4802 November 2017 Photos (clockwise from top left; all used under Creative Commons license CC BY 2.0.): Big sage shrubland, Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest, Nevada. USDA Photo by Susan Elliot. http://flic.kr/p/ax64DY Jeffrey pine woodland, photo by David Prasad. https://www.flickr.com/photos/33671002@N00 Northwest Great Plains Mixedgrass Prairie, Dakota Prairie National Grasslands, North Dakota. Western juniper woodland, BLM Black Hills Recreation Area, Oregon. Acknowledgements This work was completed with funding provided by the Bureau of Land Management through the BLM’s Fish, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Resource Management Program under Cooperative Agreement L13AC00286 between NatureServe and the BLM. Suggested citation: Schulz, K., G. Kittel, M. Reid and P. Comer. 2017. Field Keys to Divisions, Macrogroups, Groups and Alliances in the National Vegetation Classification: Northern Basin & Range / Columbia Plateau Ecoregions. Report prepared for the Bureau of Land Management by NatureServe, Arlington VA. 14p + 58p of Keys + Appendices. See appendix document: Descriptions_NVC_Groups_Alliances_ NorthernBasinRange_Nov_2017.pdf 2 | P a g e Contents Introduction and Background ......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]