DOCSLIB.ORG

Obesity: Clinical Nurse Consultant Skin Problems and Care Alabama Department of Public Health

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Obesity: Clinical Nurse Consultant Skin Problems and Care Alabama Department of Public Health 7/31/2012 FacultyFaculty Jacqueline Giddens, RN, MSN, WOCN, CWCCN Obesity: Clinical Nurse Consultant Skin Problems and Care Alabama Department of Public Health Satellite Conference and Live Webcast Wednesday, May 23, 2012 2:00 – 4:00 p.m. Central Time Produced by the Alabama Department of Public Health Video Communications and Distance Learning Division BariatricsBariatrics Skin is an ORGAN • Bariatrics /bar·i·at·rics/ (-e-ă triks) a • Did you know the skin is an organ? field of medicine encompassing the – Largest organ study of overweight and its causes, – Heaviest organ prevention, and treatment • 15% of body weight Skin Is an ORGAN Skin Changes – In a 150 pound person, the skin • Acanthosis Nigricans weighs about 12 pounds and can – Dark patches cover 18 square feet • Skin tags – These numbers increase with the obese patient • Stretch marks • Stasis dermatitis • Varicose veins 1 7/31/2012 Acanthosis Nigricans Acanthosis Nigricans • Presentation – Velvety, light-brown-to-black markings that occur in areas includingg,p,g, the neck, armpits, groin, and under the breasts • Treatment – Weight loss – Insulin control Acanthosis Nigricans Skin TagsSkin Tags • Presentation – Growths that stick out and may be connected to the skin with a narrow stock • The extra weight causes friction between the affected areas of skin Skin TagsSkin Tags Stretch Marks • Treatment • Presentation – Laser or surgical removal – Indented streaks that appear in the skin called striate, pink, reddish, or purplish • Treatment – Laser therapy – Creams 2 7/31/2012 Skin TagsSkin Tags Stretch Marks Stasis Dermatitis Stasis Dermatitis • Presentation – Skin irritation of the legs – Darkening or redness of skin at the – Thickening of skin at the ankles or ankles or legs legs – Itching – Open sores, ulcers – Leg pains – Skin lesion – Skin appears thin, tissue-like Stasis Dermatitis Stasis Dermatitis • Treatment – Open wounds – Disease management • Topical antibiotics • Compression for Venous Stasis • Anti-fungals Disease • Antimicrobial dressings • Prevention of trauma to areas 3 7/31/2012 Stasis Dermatitis Stasis Dermatitis Varicose Veins Varicose Veins • Presentation • Treatment – Swollen, enlarged veins that are – Compression stockings raised above the skin's surface – Laser • Usually on the inside of the legs – Surgery and backs of the calves Varicose Veins Varicose Veins 4 7/31/2012 Skin Infections CandiasisCandiasis • Candidiasis Albicans • Presentation • Cellulitis – Itchy, red, or purple patch on the • Folliculitis skin with lesions • Erythrasma – FlFungal, yeast • Tinea Cruris CandiasisCandiasis CandiasisCandiasis • Treatment – Topical antifungal • Over the counter or prescription – Oral antifungals – IV antifungals CandiasisCandiasis CellulitisCellulitis • Presentation – Cased by bacteria – Pain, tenderness, redness, warmth, weepy – Chills, shaking, muscle aches and sweating 5 7/31/2012 CellulitisCellulitis CellulitisCellulitis • Treatment – Good hygiene – Oral or IV antibiotics – Wound care, if indicated CellulitisCellulitis FolliculitisFolliculitis • Presentation – Small to medium sized whiteheads around one or more of the hair follicles – Redness around hair follicles – Usually in patches FolliculitisFolliculitis FolliculitisFolliculitis • Treatment – Good hygiene – Oral or IV antibiotics – Topical antibiotics to support the oral or IV antibiotics 6 7/31/2012 FolliculitisFolliculitis Erythrasma • Presentation – Raised, reddish brown, scaly, patches – Itches – Caused by bacterial infection – Appears between skin folds, groin, armpits, and knees – Spreads if untreated Erythrasma Erythrasma • Treatment – Oral or IV antibiotics – Keep area dry • Erythromycin or Azithromycin – Wash with antibacterial soap and – Photo-therapy with specialized rillinse well lig hts – Topical antifungals, antibiotics, moisture barriers Erythrasma Erythrasma 7 7/31/2012 Erythrasma Tinea Cruris • Presentation – “Jock Itch” – Red, patchy rash – Found in groin areas – Fungal skin infection Tinea Cruris Tinea Cruris (Jock Itch) • Treatment – Topical antifungal – Oral antifungal if needed – Keep skin clean and dry Skin Care Basics: Lymphedema Obese Patient • Presentation • Good personal hygiene – Fatigue • Prevention of friction – Heavy, swollen limb • Control moisture and perspiration – Localized fluid accumulation • Daily skin checks for breakdown or – Skin discoloration changes – Deformity • Prompt treatment of any open areas or rashes • Elephantiasis 8 7/31/2012 Lymphedema Lymphedema and Dermatitis • Treatment – Chronic (no cure) – Weight loss – Specialized • Exercise • Compression • Massage Lymphedema Lymphedema Resources • http://www.amylhwilliams.com/ • http://www.obesityaction.org/ • http://skinipedia.org/skin-and- obit/idhtlbesity/index.html • http://www.skinsight.com/adult/stasi sDermatitis.htm • http://www.dermnet.com/ 9.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Smelly Foot Rash
    CLINICAL Smelly foot rash Paulo Morais Ligia Peralta Keywords: skin diseases, infectious Case study A previously healthy Caucasian girl, 6 years of age, presented with pruritic rash on both heels of 6 months duration. The lesions appeared as multiple depressions 1–2 mm in diameter that progressively increased in size. There was no history of trauma or insect bite. She reported local pain when walking, worse with moisture and wearing sneakers. On examination, multiple small crater- like depressions were present, some Figure 1. Heel of patient coalescing into a larger lesion on both heels (Figure 1). There was an unpleasant ‘cheesy’ protective/occluded footwear for prolonged odour and a moist appearance. Wood lamp periods.1–4 examination and potassium hydroxide testing for fungal hyphae were negative. Answer 2 Question 1 Pitted keratolysis is frequently seen during What is the diagnosis? summer and rainy seasons, particularly in tropical regions, although it occurs Question 2 worldwide.1,3,4 It is caused by Kytococcus What causes this condition? sedentarius, Dermatophilus congolensis, or species of Corynebacterium, Actinomyces or Question 3 Streptomyces.1–4 Under favourable conditions How would you confirm the diagnosis? (ie. hyperhidrosis, prolonged occlusion and increased skin surface pH), these bacteria Question 4 proliferate and produce proteinases that destroy What are the differential diagnoses? the stratum corneum, creating pits. Sulphur containing compounds produced by the bacteria Question 5 cause the characteristic malodor. What is your management strategy? Answer 3 Answer 1 Pitted keratolysis is usually a clinical Based on the typical clinical picture and the negative diagnosis with typical hyperhidrosis, malodor ancillary tests, the diagnosis of pitted keratolysis (PK) (bromhidrosis) and occasionally, tenderness, is likely.
    [Show full text]
  • The Nutritional Relationships of Zinc David L
    The Nutritional Relationships of Zinc David L. Watts, D.C., Ph.D., F.A.C.E.P.i Zinc was discovered to be essential for the also indicate tissue redistribution.12 The normal growth of living organisms in 1869. The range of zinc in the hair has been reported suspicion that zinc deficiency occurs in man is between 15 and 22 milligrams percent,4 the ideal relatively recent. In 1963, studies reported by being 20 milligrams Prasad and co-workers on Iranian men suffering percent. from dwarfism and hypogonadism found that nutritional zinc deficiency was a causative factor Manifestations of Zinc Deficiency Absolute or in these disorders.1 2 3 Since that time zinc has Relative gained a greater recognition for its role in human Manifestations of zinc deficiency will vary health and has stimulated extensive research. It is from one individual to another. This is true of now known that zinc is essential to over 100 almost any nutrient, and can be explained by enzymes in the body. Perhaps one of the most recognizing that two types of a deficiency state important discoveries is zinc's involvement in the can occur, either a relative deficiency, or synthesis of RNA. absolute deficiency. An absolute deficiency develops as a result of inhibited absorption Distribution accompanied by a concurrent increase in zinc The highest concentration of zinc is found in excretion or utilization. TMA patterns usually the choroid of the eye and optic nerve, followed reveal a low tissue zinc (less than 12 mg.%). An by the prostate, bone, liver and kidneys, muscles absolute deficiency of zinc can be contributed to (zinc content varies with colour and function of by hypoadrenocorticism, hyperthyroidism and muscles), heart, spleen, testes, brain, and other endocrine factors.
    [Show full text]
  • The Skin in the Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes
    EDS Global Learning Conference July 30-August 1, 2019 (Nashville) The Skin in the Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes Dr Nigel Burrows Consultant Dermatologist MD FRCP Department of Dermatology Addenbrooke’s Hospital Cambridge University NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge, UK No conflict of interests or disclosures Burrows, N: The Skin in EDS 1 EDS Global Learning Conference July 30-August 1, 2019 (Nashville) • Overview of skin and anatomy • Skin features in commoner EDS • Skin features in rarer EDS subtypes • Skin management The skin • Is useful organ to sustain life ØProtection - microorganisms, ultraviolet light, mechanical damage ØSensation ØAllows movement ØEndocrine - vitamin D production ØExcretion - sweat ØTemperature regulation Burrows, N: The Skin in EDS 2 EDS Global Learning Conference July 30-August 1, 2019 (Nashville) The skin • Is useful organ to sustain life • Provides a visual clue to diagnoses • Important for cultures and traditions • Ready material for research Skin Fun Facts • Largest organ in the body • In an average adult the skin weighs approx 5kg (11lbs) and covers 2m2 (21 sq ft) • 11 miles of blood vessels • The average person has about 300 million skin cells • More than half of the dust in your home is actually dead skin • Your skin is home to more than 1,000 species of bacteria Burrows, N: The Skin in EDS 3 EDS Global Learning Conference July 30-August 1, 2019 (Nashville) The skin has 3 main layers Within the Dermis Extracellular Matrix 1. Collagen 2. Elastic fibres 3. Ground Substances i) glycosaminoglycans, ii) proteoglycans,
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid Development of Perifolliculitis Following Mesotherapy
    CASE LETTER Rapid Development of Perifolliculitis Following Mesotherapy Weihuang Vivian Ning, MD; Sameer Bashey, MD; Gene H. Kim, MD patient received mesotherapy with an unknown substance PRACTICE POINTS for cosmetic rejuvenation; the rash was localized only to the injection sites.copy She did not note any fever, chills, • Mesotherapy—the delivery of vitamins, chemicals, and plant extracts directly into the dermis via nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, arthralgia, or upper injections—is a common procedure performed respiratory tract symptoms. She further denied starting in both medical and nonmedical settings for any new medications, herbal products, or topical therapies cosmetic rejuvenation. apart from the procedure she had received 2 weeks prior. • Complications can occur from mesotherapy treatment. Thenot patient was found to be in no acute distress and • Patients should be advised to seek medical care with vital signs were stable. Laboratory testing was remarkable US Food and Drug Administration–approved cosmetic for elevations in alanine aminotransferase (62 U/L [refer- techniques and substances only. ence range, 10–40 U/L]) and aspartate aminotransferase (72 U/L [reference range 10–30 U/L]). Moreover, she had Doan absolute neutrophil count of 0.5×103 cells/µL (refer- ence range 1.8–8.0×103 cells/µL). An electrolyte panel, To the Editor: creatinine level, and urinalysis were normal. Physical Mesotherapy, also known as intradermotherapy, is a examination revealed numerous 4- to 5-mm erythematous cosmetic procedure in which multiple
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 3 Bacterial and Viral Infections
    GBB03 10/4/06 12:20 PM Page 19 Chapter 3 Bacterial and viral infections A mighty creature is the germ gain entry into the skin via minor abrasions, or fis- Though smaller than the pachyderm sures between the toes associated with tinea pedis, His customary dwelling place and leg ulcers provide a portal of entry in many Is deep within the human race cases. A frequent predisposing factor is oedema of His childish pride he often pleases the legs, and cellulitis is a common condition in By giving people strange diseases elderly people, who often suffer from leg oedema Do you, my poppet, feel infirm? of cardiac, venous or lymphatic origin. You probably contain a germ The affected area becomes red, hot and swollen (Ogden Nash, The Germ) (Fig. 3.1), and blister formation and areas of skin necrosis may occur. The patient is pyrexial and feels unwell. Rigors may occur and, in elderly Bacterial infections people, a toxic confusional state. In presumed streptococcal cellulitis, penicillin is Streptococcal infection the treatment of choice, initially given as ben- zylpenicillin intravenously. If the leg is affected, Cellulitis bed rest is an important aspect of treatment. Where Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of subcutaneous there is extensive tissue necrosis, surgical debride- tissues that, in immunologically normal individu- ment may be necessary. als, is usually caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. A particularly severe, deep form of cellulitis, in- ‘Erysipelas’ is a term applied to superficial volving fascia and muscles, is known as ‘necrotiz- streptococcal cellulitis that has a well-demarcated ing fasciitis’. This disorder achieved notoriety a few edge.
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2014/134709 Al 12 September 2014 (12.09.2014) P O P C T
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2014/134709 Al 12 September 2014 (12.09.2014) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every A61K 31/05 (2006.01) A61P 31/02 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (21) International Application Number: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, PCT/CA20 14/000 174 DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (22) International Filing Date: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, 4 March 2014 (04.03.2014) KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, (25) Filing Language: English OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, (26) Publication Language: English SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, (30) Priority Data: ZW. 13/790,91 1 8 March 2013 (08.03.2013) US (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (71) Applicant: LABORATOIRE M2 [CA/CA]; 4005-A, rue kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, de la Garlock, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1L 1W9 (CA). GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, (72) Inventors: LEMIRE, Gaetan; 6505, rue de la fougere, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, Sherbrooke, Quebec JIN 3W3 (CA).
    [Show full text]
  • Immunocompromised Districts of Skin: a Case Series and a Literature Review
    ID Design Press, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2019 Sep 30; 7(18):2969-2975. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.680 eISSN: 1857-9655 Global Dermatology Immunocompromised Districts of Skin: A Case Series and a Literature Review Aleksandra Vojvodic1, Michael Tirant2,3, Veronica di Nardo2, Torello Lotti2, Uwe Wollina4* 1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Military Medical Academy of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; 2Department of Dermatology, University of Rome “G. Marconi”, Rome, Italy; 3Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 4Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital, Dresden, Germany Abstract Citation: Vojvodic A, Tirant M, di Nardo V, Lotti T, BACKGROUND: The concept of immunocompromised districts of skin has been developed by Ruocco and helps Wollina U. Immunocompromised Districts of Skin: A Case to explain certain aspects of the macromorphology of skin diseases. This concept unites the isomorphic response Series and a Literature Review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Sep 30; 7(18):2969-2975. of Koebner and the isotopic response of Wolf. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.680 Keywords: Immunocompromised districts of the skin; CASE REPORTS: We present different cutaneous conditions which can lead to immunocompromised districts of Macromorphology of skin diseases; Koebner skin such as scars, radiodermatitis, lymphedema, disturbed innervation or mechanical friction etc. Typical and phenomenon; Wolf’s isotopic response rarer skin disorders associated with them are discussed and illustrated by their observations. *Correspondence: Uwe Wollina. Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Städtisches Klinikum CONCLUSION: At this moment, we wish to inform dermatologists and non-dermatologists about Ruocco’s Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital, 01067 Dresden, Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • Prior Authorization Topical Retinoids – Tazarotene Products
    Cigna National Formulary Coverage Policy Prior Authorization Topical Retinoids – Tazarotene Products Table of Contents Product Identifier(s) National Formulary Medical Necessity ................ 1 01541 Conditions Not Covered....................................... 2 Background .......................................................... 2 References .......................................................... 2 Revision History ................................................... 3 INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE The following Coverage Policy applies to health benefit plans administered by Cigna Companies. Certain Cigna Companies and/or lines of business only provide utilization review services to clients and do not make coverage determinations. References to standard benefit plan language and coverage determinations do not apply to those clients. Coverage Policies are intended to provide guidance in interpreting certain standard benefit plans administered by Cigna Companies. Please note, the terms of a customer’s particular benefit plan document [Group Service Agreement, Evidence of Coverage, Certificate of Coverage, Summary Plan Description (SPD) or similar plan document] may differ significantly from the standard benefit plans upon which these Coverage Policies are based. For example, a customer’s benefit plan document may contain a specific exclusion related to a topic addressed in a Coverage Policy. In the event of a conflict, a customer’s benefit plan document always supersedes the information in the Coverage Policies. In the absence of a controlling federal or state coverage mandate, benefits are ultimately determined by the terms of the applicable benefit plan document. Coverage determinations in each specific instance require consideration of 1) the terms of the applicable benefit plan document in effect on the date of service; 2) any applicable laws/regulations; 3) any relevant collateral source materials including Coverage Policies and; 4) the specific facts of the particular situation.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacterial Skin Infections
    BACTERIAL SKIN INFECTIONS SPEAKER: DR LUIZ ALBERTO BOMJARDIM PÔRTO DERMATOLOGIST BRAZIL MRSA INFECTIONS • Concept: Methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus • Epidemiology: Gradual increase of resistance. • Nosocomial MRSA risk factors: Hospitalization, ICU, invasive procedures, previous antibiotic therapy, health professionals, diabetes mellitus, EV drugs, immunosuppression and chronic diseases. MRSA INFECTIONS • Community MARSA risk factors: Children, EV drugs, indigenous, homosexual men, military, prisoners and athletes. • Microorganisms more virulent by genetic characteristics. MRSA INFECTIONS • Clinic caracteristics: -Abscess, cellulitis, folliculitis, impetigo, infected wounds, external otitis, paronychia and colonization of the skin in cases of atopic dermatitis. - Increased morbidity. • Propedeutics: Culture blood, tissue or secretion. MRSA INFECTIONS • Treatment: - Pathology-specific treatment. - Prefer non-beta-lactam antibiotics, such as: clindamycin, sulfamethoxazole- trimethoprim and tetracyclines. - On suspicion of MARSA infection, start empirical antibiotics and stagger specific antibiotics by culture with antibiograma. MRSA INFECTIONS • Treatment: - Decolonization: systemic antibiotic therapy, topical 2% mupirocin, personal hygiene with antiseptic or antimicrobial solutions (iodine-povidine, chlorhexidine or triclosan). MRSA INFECTIONS • Prevention: - Avoid skin-to-skin contact and share personal belongings / clothing. - Hand washing. - Use of alcohol gels. - Cover wounds. - Isolation contact of MARSA carriers. - Early
    [Show full text]
  • Bacterial Infections and Infectious Dermatologic Emergencies.Pdf
    Learning Objectives Common Bacterial Infections recognition treatment complications Infectious Dermatologic Emergencies Necrotizing Fasciitis Toxic Shock Syndromes Normal Skin Flora Major function is to prevent skin infections Provides ecological competition for pathogens Hydrolyzes the lipids in sebum into free fatty acids which are toxic to many bacteria- linoleic and linolenic acid are more inhibitory of Staph Aureus Antimicrobial Peptides from lamellar bodies, Cathelicidins, and Defensins function to control overgrowth of pathogens Normal Skin Flora Aerobic Cocci Staphylococcus epidermidis Most common coccus on human skin All body sites, especially intertriginous areas Staphylococcus aureus More common in Atopic Dermatitis, Diabetes Mellitus, Hemodialysis, IVDU, Liver Disease, and HIV resident or contaminant? anterior nares- 20-35% perineum- 20% axillae and toe webs- 5-10% Normal Skin Flora Aerobic Coryneform Bacteria Corynebacterium minutissimum- intertriginous sites Erythrasma Anaerobic Coryneform Bacteria Propionibacterium acnes- sebaceous glands, hair follicles Acne vulgaris Gram Negative Bacteria Acinetobacter species- axillae, perineum, antecubital fossae - Requires moisture and maceration which increases pH and CO2 levels Yeast Pityrosporum ovale/Malassezia furfur- sebaceous sites Tinea Versicolor Introduction Strep and Staph cause the majority of skin infections in immunocompetent patients Immunodeficiency and underlying systemic disease result in severe infections which tend to be refractory to
    [Show full text]
  • Red-Brown Patches in the Groin
    DERMATOPATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS Red-Brown Patches in the Groin Dong Chen, MD, PhD; Tammie C. Ferringer, MD Eligible for 1 MOC SA Credit From the ABD This Dermatopathology Diagnosis article in our print edition is eligible for 1 self-assessment credit for Maintenance of Certification from the American Board of Dermatology (ABD). After completing this activity, diplomates can visit the ABD website (http://www.abderm.org) to self-report the credits under the activity title “Cutis Dermatopathology Diagnosis.” You may report the credit after each activity is completed or after accumu- lating multiple credits. A 66-year-old man presented with reddish arciform patchescopy in the inguinal area. THE BEST DIAGNOSIS IS: a. candidiasis b. noterythrasma c. pitted keratolysis d. tinea cruris Doe. tinea versicolor H&E, original magnification ×600. PLEASE TURN TO PAGE 419 FOR THE DIAGNOSIS CUTIS Dr. Chen is from the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia. Dr. Ferringer is from the Departments of Dermatology and Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania. The authors report no conflict of interest. Correspondence: Dong Chen, MD, PhD, Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, One Hospital Dr, MA204, DC018.00, Columbia, MO 65212 ([email protected]). 416 I CUTIS® WWW.MDEDGE.COM/CUTIS Copyright Cutis 2018. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted without the prior written permission of the Publisher. DERMATOPATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS DISCUSSION THE DIAGNOSIS: Erythrasma rythrasma usually involves intertriginous areas surface (Figure 1) compared to dermatophyte hyphae that (eg, axillae, groin, inframammary area). Patients tend to be parallel to the surface.2 E present with well-demarcated, minimally scaly, red- Pitted keratolysis is a superficial bacterial infection brown patches.
    [Show full text]
  • Fundamentals of Dermatology Describing Rashes and Lesions
    Dermatology for the Non-Dermatologist May 30 – June 3, 2018 - 1 - Fundamentals of Dermatology Describing Rashes and Lesions History remains ESSENTIAL to establish diagnosis – duration, treatments, prior history of skin conditions, drug use, systemic illness, etc., etc. Historical characteristics of lesions and rashes are also key elements of the description. Painful vs. painless? Pruritic? Burning sensation? Key descriptive elements – 1- definition and morphology of the lesion, 2- location and the extent of the disease. DEFINITIONS: Atrophy: Thinning of the epidermis and/or dermis causing a shiny appearance or fine wrinkling and/or depression of the skin (common causes: steroids, sudden weight gain, “stretch marks”) Bulla: Circumscribed superficial collection of fluid below or within the epidermis > 5mm (if <5mm vesicle), may be formed by the coalescence of vesicles (blister) Burrow: A linear, “threadlike” elevation of the skin, typically a few millimeters long. (scabies) Comedo: A plugged sebaceous follicle, such as closed (whitehead) & open comedones (blackhead) in acne Crust: Dried residue of serum, blood or pus (scab) Cyst: A circumscribed, usually slightly compressible, round, walled lesion, below the epidermis, may be filled with fluid or semi-solid material (sebaceous cyst, cystic acne) Dermatitis: nonspecific term for inflammation of the skin (many possible causes); may be a specific condition, e.g. atopic dermatitis Eczema: a generic term for acute or chronic inflammatory conditions of the skin. Typically appears erythematous,
    [Show full text]