Clean Future for the US Ricardo-UBS Report Says Diesel Will Outsell Hybrids
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Q3, 2007 Q3, RicaRdo QuaRteRly Review clean futuRe for the US Ricardo-UBS report says diesel will outsell hybrids Heavy duty interviews emissions Fredrik Arp, chief executive, Worldwide legislation Volvo Car Corporation converges on a very tough standard Professor Herbert Kohler chief environmental officer, DaimlerChrysler 9547 engine ad 26/1/07 15:17 Page 1 The world’s fastest diesel engine 350.092mph/563.418kph Bonneville Salt Flats USA – August 2006 Designed specifically for off-highway equipment, the JCB Dieselmax engine is proven in tens of thousands of installations throughout the world – from off-highway vehicles to generators, water pumps to auxiliary engines in commercial vehicles, from Zone II flame- protected environments to marine applications. 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But, as Jesse Crosse reports, convergence of standards questions and answers in the major markets could mean HDD producers working towards a common goal 06 Fredrik Arp Volvo’s chief executive is questioned by Tony Lewin on emissions reduction, SUVs, the next big steps in safety – and whether Volvo will be sold 22 Professor Herbert Kohler As chief environmental officer at DaimlerChrysler, Prof Kohler is responsible for planning every aspect of the group’s operations. Tony Lewin asks him about his priorities Head office: Ricardo plc, Shoreham-by-Sea, Conceived and produced for Ricardo by: West Sussex, BN43 5FG, TwoTone Media Ltd United Kingdom Editor: Tony Lewin Tel: +44 (0)1273 455611 Contributors: Ricardo contacts and locations: Mark Roberts, Anthony Smith, Jesse Crosse www.ricardo.com/contacts TwoTone Media Ltd contacts: RQ subscriptions: www.ricardo.com/rq Anthony Smith: [email protected] Sales enquiries: [email protected] Tony Lewin: [email protected] industry news BMW pushes diesel power ew industry benchmarks for small Twin turbochargers N diesel engines are promised by help two-litre BMW’s latest development, presented BMW diesel to an impressive 204 hp in the new coupé version of the 1-series. The two litre, four-cylinder all-aluminium unit uses twin turbochargers to boost output to 204 horsepower, making it the first diesel engine to achieve specific power in excess of 100 horsepower per litre – normally the preserve of turbocharged or highly-tuned gasoline engines. With a peak torque of 400 Nm from 2000 rev/min, the engine promises exceptional flexibility and economy. In the initial launch model, the 123d Coupé, it gives 0-100 km/h acceleration in 7.0 sec and CO2 emissions of 138 g/km. The new diesel engine comes as on all 3 series versions is what BMW which match airflow to the radiator to part of the Efficient Dynamics suite of terms Brake Energy Regeneration – a the cooling needs of the engine. CO2-saving measures available across system in which the alternator only All Mini models from August the majority of BMW’s model lines generates current when the vehicle production onwards will include Brake from September. Automatic stop-start is on the overrun. Other Efficient Energy Regeneration, with auto stop is available on manual models in the 1, Dynamics measures include Active start standard on all manual versions. 3 and 5 series ranges, while standard Aerodynamics – underbonnet flaps CO2 control gains Europe prepares for CO2 reduction momentum in US The likelihood is increasing that European of 130 grammes CO2 per kilometre by Florida is set to add its name to the list of legislators will confirm tough corporate 2012 was not feasible. “It will force US states seeking to achieve a 30 per cent average CO2 emissions values for new our innovative industry out of Europe, cut in vehicle emissions by 2016. cars, though details of the timing, without benefiting the environment in an Ten other states, including California, implementation and exact limits are still even vaguely efficient way,” he told the New York and Massachusetts, plan to to be finalised. European Parliament. mandate a 30 per cent cut in vehicle CO2 The association of European Yet green pressure groups and output at state level, even though the automakers, ACEA, is concerned that consumer organisations maintain the federal government, under pressure from the 2012 timetable is too tight and that targets can be met. Cleanercars.co.uk the automakers, is unwilling to impose the proposed limit of 130 g/km CO2 has calculated that if all model ranges significantly stricter consumption limits places too much burden on technology were brought up to the level of the most through the national CAFE mechanism. improvements in the vehicle itself, with efficient model within each range, the The political climate in Washington not enough being required from other overall UK fleet average would fall from has swung sharply since the decision developments. Just 10 g/km of the 166 to 140.8 g/km. in April by the Supreme Court that the proposed improvement will come from Volvo CEO Fredrik Arp said at Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) more efficient air conditioners, tyres and the Automotive News Congress in did have the power to regulate greenhouse other peripheral systems. Prague in June that already-available gas emissions and hence vehicle fuel The current average CO2 output of technologies such as direct gasoline consumption. The EPA is expected to new cars sold across Europe is around injection, boosting and new combustion propose new standards by the end of this 160 g/km. technologies could give fuel efficiency year for adoption in 2008. ACEA president Sergio Marchionne, gains of 20-30 per cent – enough to bring In June the Senate overcame opposition who is also CEO of Fiat, said that major CO2 emissions down significantly. from industry groups to pass an energy bill improvements had been made but (see interview, page 6) requiring, among other things, an increase that the target for the vehicle industry in passenger car and truck CAFE figures. Bluetec sooner in Europe Accord: hybrid out, diesel in GM fuel cell cars by 2012 Miller cycle Mazda Mercedes-Benz has pulled The next-generation Honda General Motors plans to have Mazda is claiming a reduction of forward the European launch Accord for the US will feature fuel cell models in its dealerships up to 20 per cent in consumption of its Bluetec diesel DeNox clean-diesel rather than hybrid within five years, says the for its new 1.3 litre Miller cycle aftertreatment system. Versions technology. Uptake of the current group’s vice president of R&D, engine fitted to the Mazda2. The of the E300CDI will go on sale performance-oriented hybrid Larry Burns. DaimlerChrysler gasoline unit reduces pumping in December in four European version has been disappointing, has indicated a 2012 – 2015 losses by delaying closure of the markets. says the company. timeframe for its design. inlet valves. News in brief in News RICARDO QUARTERLY REVIEW • Q3, 2007 RicaRdo Next-generation valve QuaRteRly system from Toyota Review fficiency improvements of up to will be in a new two-litre engine The task of RQ is to highlight the latest E10 per cent are claimed for a new expected this autumn. Toyota has said thinking in automotive engineering and valve mechanism set to go into Toyota it will replace its entire gasoline engine technology worldwide – both within gasoline engines in the near future. and transmission line-up by 2010. Ricardo and among other leading companies. By presenting an up-to-date Labelled Valvematic, the new mix of news, profiles and interviews mechanism adds the control of valve with top business leaders we paint an lift to the existing valve timing interesting and exciting picture of R&D control of today’s VVT-I systems. activity at a world-class automotive This enables control of air engineering services provider. inlet volume to be achieved It is a formula that has certainly been a hit with the worldwide automotive through regulation of valve community: in the five years since RQ lift, rather than by a throttle was launched we have had to increase butterfly – thus reducing our print run to 14,000 copies to keep pace pumping losses. with the demand to read about Ricardo The resulting improvement and its activities. in efficiency is enough to Client confidentiality is of the utmost reduce fuel consumption of importance to Ricardo, which means that we can only report on a small fraction gasoline engines by 5 to 10 of the work carried out by the company.