Izahli Muğam Lüğяti
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The KNIGHT REVISION of HORNBOSTEL-SACHS: a New Look at Musical Instrument Classification
The KNIGHT REVISION of HORNBOSTEL-SACHS: a new look at musical instrument classification by Roderic C. Knight, Professor of Ethnomusicology Oberlin College Conservatory of Music, © 2015, Rev. 2017 Introduction The year 2015 marks the beginning of the second century for Hornbostel-Sachs, the venerable classification system for musical instruments, created by Erich M. von Hornbostel and Curt Sachs as Systematik der Musikinstrumente in 1914. In addition to pursuing their own interest in the subject, the authors were answering a need for museum scientists and musicologists to accurately identify musical instruments that were being brought to museums from around the globe. As a guiding principle for their classification, they focused on the mechanism by which an instrument sets the air in motion. The idea was not new. The Indian sage Bharata, working nearly 2000 years earlier, in compiling the knowledge of his era on dance, drama and music in the treatise Natyashastra, (ca. 200 C.E.) grouped musical instruments into four great classes, or vadya, based on this very idea: sushira, instruments you blow into; tata, instruments with strings to set the air in motion; avanaddha, instruments with membranes (i.e. drums), and ghana, instruments, usually of metal, that you strike. (This itemization and Bharata’s further discussion of the instruments is in Chapter 28 of the Natyashastra, first translated into English in 1961 by Manomohan Ghosh (Calcutta: The Asiatic Society, v.2). The immediate predecessor of the Systematik was a catalog for a newly-acquired collection at the Royal Conservatory of Music in Brussels. The collection included a large number of instruments from India, and the curator, Victor-Charles Mahillon, familiar with the Indian four-part system, decided to apply it in preparing his catalog, published in 1880 (this is best documented by Nazir Jairazbhoy in Selected Reports in Ethnomusicology – see 1990 in the timeline below). -
The Science of String Instruments
The Science of String Instruments Thomas D. Rossing Editor The Science of String Instruments Editor Thomas D. Rossing Stanford University Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA) Stanford, CA 94302-8180, USA [email protected] ISBN 978-1-4419-7109-8 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-7110-4 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7110-4 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer ScienceþBusiness Media (www.springer.com) Contents 1 Introduction............................................................... 1 Thomas D. Rossing 2 Plucked Strings ........................................................... 11 Thomas D. Rossing 3 Guitars and Lutes ........................................................ 19 Thomas D. Rossing and Graham Caldersmith 4 Portuguese Guitar ........................................................ 47 Octavio Inacio 5 Banjo ...................................................................... 59 James Rae 6 Mandolin Family Instruments........................................... 77 David J. Cohen and Thomas D. Rossing 7 Psalteries and Zithers .................................................... 99 Andres Peekna and Thomas D. -
A Musical Instrument of Global Sounding Saadat Abdullayeva Doctor of Arts, Professor
Focusing on Azerbaijan A musical instrument of global sounding Saadat ABDULLAYEVA Doctor of Arts, Professor THE TAR IS PRObabLY THE MOST POPULAR MUSICAL INSTRUMENT AMONG “The trio”, 2005, Zakir Ahmadov, AZERbaIJANIS. ITS SHAPE, WHICH IS DIFFERENT FROM OTHER STRINGED INSTRU- bronze, 40x25x15 cm MENTS, IMMEDIATELY ATTRACTS ATTENTION. The juicy and colorful sounds to the lineup of mughams, and of a coming from the strings of the tar bass string that is used only for per- please the ear and captivate people. forming them. The wide range, lively It is certainly explained by the perfec- sounds, melodiousness, special reg- tion of the construction, specifically isters, the possibility of performing the presence of twisted steel and polyphonic chords, virtuoso passag- copper strings that convey all nuanc- es, lengthy dynamic sound rises and es of popular tunes and especially, attenuations, colorful decorations mughams. This is graphically proved and gradations of shades all allow by the presence on the instrument’s the tar to be used as a solo, accom- neck of five frets that correspondent panying, ensemble and orchestra 46 www.irs-az.com instrument. But nonetheless, the tar sounding board instead of a leather is a recognized instrument of solo sounding board contradict this con- mughams when the performer’s clusion. The double body and the mastery and the technical capa- leather sounding board are typical of bilities of the instrument manifest the geychek which, unlike the tar, has themselves in full. The tar conveys a short neck and a head folded back- the feelings, mood and dreams of a wards. Moreover, a bow is used play person especially vividly and fully dis- this instrument. -
Mary Gottschalk Cultures of the Middle East 220 Professor Abdelrahim Salih Final Paper Music in the Middle East
Gottschalk 1 Mary Gottschalk Cultures of the Middle East 220 Professor Abdelrahim Salih Final Paper Music in the Middle East The “Middle East” is a term to describe the areas of North Africa and East Asia, where there is a deep cultural history and diverse people, commonly grouped in this term for their cultural similarities. As with trade, information, and innovation, music and the arts moved and assimilated throughout the area. Music pervades the culture in aspects of religion, tradition, and entertainment, and differs according to various conceptions of music based within those religious and cultural ideals. This paper will discuss some of the similarities and differences in middle eastern music: in the instruments as they relate to location, conceptions as they are formed by Muslim doctrine, and traditions based in their respective time periods. Instruments / Place Musical instruments in the middle east range in the complexity, skill needed to play, and type. Broad classifications consist of percussion, bowed, plucked, and wind instruments (Touma 1996 109). A predominant stringed instrument is known as the ‟ud, which literally means “wood”, but it has many names and variations throughout the world (Miller and Shahriari 2006 204). The ‟ud, or al‟ud “…is a fretless, plucked short-necked lute with a body shaped like half a pear” (Touma 1996 109). Its history traces back to the eighth century BCE with changes in size and number of strings, and today is commonly seen with “…five „courses‟ of strings, a course being a pair tuned in unison” (Miller and Shahriari 2006 204). The lack of frets allows the musician to articulate fine gradations of tone, strumming with either a plectrum or fingernails over the middle of the „ud‟s body (Miller and Shahriari 2006 205). -
M-C-#2-2021+Yeni Son Duzelisli.Indd
0ԥGԥQL\\ԥW&XOWXUH 27 28 0ԥGԥQL\\ԥW&XOWXUH 0ԥGԥQL\\ԥW&XOWXUH 29 . ĵ QARABAĞ AZƏRBAYCANDIR ! Təsisçi: Founder: Учредитель: Azərbaycan Respublikası Mədəniyyət Nazirliyi Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Azerbaijan Министерство Культуры Азербайджанской Республики Redaksiya Şurası: Editorial Board: Редакционный Совет: Anar Kərimov Anar Kerimov Анар Керимов Azərbaycan Respublikası Mədəniyyət Naziri Minister of Culture of the Republic of Azerbaijan Министр культуры Азербайджанской Республики Vaqif Əliyev Vagif Aliyev Вагиф Алиев fizika-riyaziyyat elmləri üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru Doctor of Philosophy in Physics and Mathematics доктор философии по физико-математических наук Sevda Məmmədəliyeva Sevda Mammadaliyeva Севда Мамедалиева fəlsəfə üzrə elmlər doktoru doctor of philosophical science доктор философских наук Nizami Cəfərov Nizami Jafarov Низами Джафаров akademik academician aкадемик İlham Rəhimli Ilham Rahimli Ильхам Рагимли sənətşünaslıq üzrə elmlər doktoru Doctor of Science in Art History доктор наук по искусствоведению Ayaz Salayev Ayaz Salaev Aйаз Салаев sənətşünaslıq üzrə elmlər doktoru Doctor of Science in Art History доктор наук по искусствоведению Vasif Eyvazzadə Vasif Eyvazzade Васиф Эйваззаде Məryəm Qafarzadə Maryam Qafarzade Марьям Гафарзаде Redaksiya: Editorial: Редакция: Baş redaktor: Editor: Главный редактор: Zöhrə Əliyeva Zohra Aliyeva Зохра Алиева filologiya üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru doctor of Philosophy in philology доктор философии по филологии Baş redaktor müavini: Deputy Chief Editor: Заместитель главного редактора: İlham Rəhimli -
Izahli Muğam Lüğəti
Azərbaycan Milli Elmlər Akademiyası Folklor İnstitutu İZAHLI MUĞAM LÜĞƏTİ : $m: Бак!-2015 Redaksiya heyəti: Akif Əlizadə Firəngiz Əlizadə İsa Həbibbəyli Teymur Kərimli Fərhad Bədəlbəyli Siyavuş Kərimi Ərtegin Salamzadə Muxtar İmanov b r,. Ь \ Ь ^ *: I - 9 9 Tariximiz zəngindir. Xalqımız əsrlər Layihənin rəhbərləri: boyu böyük sınaqlardan, çətinliklərdən İsa Həbibbəyli - AMEA-nm həqiqi üzvü keçmiş, ancaq öz mənliyini, öz Fərhad Bədəlbəyli -SSRİ və Azərbaycan xalq artisti, professor milliliyini, öz dilini itirməmişdir. Tərtibçilər: Tariyel Məmmədov - əməkdar incəsənət xadimi, Heydər Əliyev sənətşünaslıq üzrə elmlər doktoru, professor Cavanşir Quliyev - əməkdar incəsənət xadimi, professor Ön sözün müəllifi: Tariyel Məmmədov - əməkdar incəsənət xadimi, sənətşünaslıq üzrə elmlər doktoru, professor ON SOZ Elmi redaktorlar: Muxtar İmanov -AMEA-nın müxbir üzvü Nailə Rəhimbəyli -AMEA Folklor İnstitutu “Musiqi folkloru” şöbəsinin müdiri, sənətşünaslıq üzrə elmlər doktoru Elə maddi və mənəvi sərvətlər var ki, onlar əsrlərdən bəri cilalanaraq, nəsildən-nəslə keçərək müasir dövrün tükənməz mədəni xəzinəsinə Rəyçi: Sevil Fərhadova -AMEA Memarlıq və İncəsənət İnstitutu çevrilmişdir. Şərq musiqi professionallığına və şifahi ənənələrə əsaslanan “Muğamşünaslıq” şöbəsinin müdiri, sənətşünaslıq üzrə elmlər doktoru muğam məhz belə bir sənət abidəsidir. Ənənəvi klassik musiqi mədəniyyətimizin əsas irsini təşkil edən İngilis dilinə tərcümə edən: Vəfa İbrahimova - AMEA Folklor muğam sənəti hər zaman özünəməxsus xüsusiyyətləri, musiqisinin İnstitutu “Mərasim folkloru” şöbəsinin aparıcı elmi işçisi, filologiya üzrə professionallığı, estetik baxımdan mükəmməlliyi, həyatiliyi və fəlsəfə doktoru, dosent dünyəviliyi ilə seçilmişdir. Azərbaycan muğam ifaçılığmın əsrlərlə cilalanmış vokal və instrumental ifa texnikası, musiqi təfsirinin səciyyəvi Kitab Azərbaycan Milli Elmlər Akademiyası Folklor İnstitutu Elmi üslub xüsusiyyətləri, milli alətlərimiz tar, kamança, qavalın Şurasının qərarı ilə (11.12.2014, №8) çap olunur. qovuşuğundan yaranan xüsusi rəng çaları bu sənəti zirvələrə qaldırmışdır. -
Культура України Culture of Ukraine
ISSN 2410-5325 (print), ISSN 2522-1140 (online) Міністерство культури та інформаційної політики України Харківська державна академія культури Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine Kharkiv State Academy of Culture КУЛЬТУРА УКРАЇНИ CULTURE OF UKRAINE Збірник наукових праць Scientific Journal Випуск 70 Issue 70 За загальною редакцією А. Я. Сташевського Editor-in-Chief A. Ya. Stashevskyi Засновано в 1993 р. Founded in 1993 Харків, ХДАК, 2020 Kharkiv, KhSAC, 2020 УДК [008+78/79](062.552) К 90 Рекомендовано до друку рішенням ученої ради Харківської державної академії культури (протокол № 3 від 30.10.2020 р.) Recommended for publication by the decision of the Academic Board of the Kharkiv State Academy of Culture (record № 3 of 30.10.2020) Засновник і видавець — Харківська державна академія культури Свідоцтво про державну реєстрацію друкованого засобу масової інформації: КВ №13567-2540Р від 26.12.2007 р. Збірник затверджено наказом Міністерства освіти і науки України №886 від 02.07.2020 р. як фахове видання з культурології та мистецтво- знавства (категорія «Б»), спеціальності: 034 — Культурологія; 021 — Аудіовізуальне мис- тецтво та виробництво; 024 — Хореографія; 025 — Музичне мистецтво; 026 — Сценічне мистецтво. Збірник поданий на порталі Національної бібліотеки України імені В. І. Вернадського в інформаційному ресурсі «Наукова періодика України», у реферативних базах «Україніка наукова» та «Джерело». Індексується в наукометричних базах «WorldCat», «Index Copernicus International», Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources (ROAD) та в пошукових системах «Google Scholar», «BASE». ХДАК є представленим учасником PILA. Founder and publisher — Kharkiv State Academy of Culture Certificate of state registration of the print media: КВ №13567-2540Р of 26.12.2007. -
Amir Elsa Ar S Rivers of Sound
������������������������������ ���������������� ���������������������� Amir ElSaffar’s �������������������������� ��������������� ������������� Rivers of Sound ����������������������� ����������������������������������������������������� ������������������Friday, April 15, 2016, 7:30 p.m. �������������������������������������������������������� Gartner Auditorium, the Cleveland Museum of Art �������������������������������������������������������� ������������� ������������ ������������������� ������������������� ��������������������������������������������������������� ��������������������� ��������������� �������������������������������������������������������� ���������������������������������������������������� �����������������PROGRAM ���������������������������� ����������������������� ������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������ ����������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������Not Two ������� �������������������������� ���������������������� This evening’s program will be approximately 90 minutes ���������������� ��������������� ������ ���������������������in duration and presented without intermission.������������������������� ������������������������������ ��������������������������� Through ������� �������������� ���������������������������� ������������������������ ���������������������������ENSEMBLE ���������������������������������������������� ���������������������������� ���������������� ��������������Amir ElSaffar trumpet,������������������������ santur, -
Mythe Historisé De L'époque Islamique Au Luristan
MYTHE HISTORISÉ DE L'ÉPOQUE ISLAMIQUE AU LURISTAN LA GESTE DU ROI KHOCHIN, LE CAVALIER DE LA MONTAGNE Études d'ethno-lexicologie (deuxième partie) PAR MOHAMMAD MOKRI* RÉSUMÉ L'archaïsme de certaines expressions utilisées dans les compilations de textes des «Gens de Vérité» avait rendu complexes et ardues un certain nombre d'idées. Le déchiffrement de ces documents et le décryptage de ces notions, amorcés par l'auteur il y a plusieurs décennies, ont mis au jour un trésor nourri de cultures locales et populaires, propres à ces deux provinces iraniennes que sont le Kurdistan et le Luristan. Les textes rédigés en anciens dialectes kurdo-gouranis, par la rareté de leur lexique et l'étrangeté des formes linguistiques, ont ainsi pu préserver leur au- thenticité, n'ayant pas subi les transformations et manipulations de ces œuvres dont la langue résistait moins à la compréhension. Cette deuxième partie d'une étude ayant pour objet les mythes historisés de l'époque islamique, est focalisée sur la deuxième version de la Geste du Cava- lier de la montagne. Plusieurs fragments et épisodes, d'une portée inédite et d'un charme insolite, ponctuent le déroulement de ces événements mythico-his- toriques. Ils font ici l'objet d'un traitement particulier qui s'ajoute aux complé- ments thématiques et linguistiques apportés à la première partie. Ces mots archaïques et idiomatiques, disséminés ça et là dans les ouvrages tant épiques et littéraires que religieux, font entendre les voix des habitants de ces montagnes et de ces plaines, avec une intensité et une naïveté que peu de langues peut contenir ou rendre. -
TESI VITTORIO Consegna 9 Dicembre 19
Corso di Dottorato di ricerca in Studi sull'Asia e sull'Africa ciclo XXXII Tesi di Ricerca LA CULTURA DELL’OPERA ITALIANA A COSTANTINOPOLI NELLA PRIMA FASE DELLE TANZIMAT: LE CANZONI E GLI INNI DI DONIZETTI PAŞA (1828-56); IL METASTASIO SACRO DI GIOVANNI EREMIAN (1831-39); ANGELO MARIANI AL TEATRO NAUM DI PERA (1848-51) SSD: L-OR/13 Coordinatore del Dottorato ch. prof. Patrick Heinrich Supervisore ch. prof. Giampiero Bellingeri Dottorando V i t t o r i o C a t t e l a n Matricola 830587 !1 INDICE 2 INTRODUZIONE 8 RINGRAZIAMENTI 10 1. UNA RICOGNIZIONE SULLE FONTI MUSICALI E POETICHE DI GIUSEPPE DONIZETTI PAŞA A COSTANTINOPOLI (1828-1856) 1. 1. Un “civilizzatore” ignaro dell’antica tradizione? 12 1. 2. All’ombra di Mahmud II, il primo quaderno di trascrizioni (1832) 19 1. 3. Il romantico usignolo e il gran Signore 25 1. 4. L’ avvento di Abdülmecid e il secondo quaderno di trascrizioni (1850) 29 1. 5. L’Opera di Costantinopoli, nel miraggio teatrale di Abdülmecid 40 1. 6. Nuovi generi vocali, poesia e ideologia 46 1. 7. L’assedio di Silistria e l’utopia di un’Opera nazionale turca 61 1. 8. La scena degli addii: il mistero del «Piangistero turco» 67 2. «SE DESIDERI ALLAH / EGLI È IN OGNI CREATURA». METASTASIO SACRO A COSTANTINOPOLI NELLE TRADUZIONI TURCO-ARMENE DI GIOVANNI EREMIAN. INDAGINE SUL CONTESTO SOCIOCULTURALE, RELIGIOSO E DELLE TRADIZIONI DELLA POESIA LIRICA TURCO-ARMENA 2. 1. L’approdo delle azioni sacre di Metastasio in Oriente 70 2. 2. L’identificazione del traduttore 73 2. -
Joël Bons E C | P Music1 Air#3In C Contextair#4 Air#0 Air#1 Air#2 Joël Bons
Joël Bons E C | P Music1 air#3in C contextair#4 air#0 air#1 air#2 Joël Bons Invitation / 3 The international music world is increasingly shaped by music from diverse cultures. However, almost no structural research has been performed into the impact this has, or might have in the future, on musicians in training. air#3 That the distinction between composition and performance differs according to culture is also an area of interest. The Amsterdam Conservatory has invited Joël Bons to investi- gate the opportunities arising from the combination of differ- ent music cultures, for both composition and performance prac- tice. Particular attention will be given to bringing these two practices closer to one another. Where possible he will, in response to his findings, advise the Board on the selection of guest tutors and other teaching air#4 staff, the development and reform of the curriculum, and the programming of the Composition Department. In addition, the Amsterdam Conservatory has asked Joël Bons to investigate the feasibility of a Centre of Excellence at the Conservatory devoted to various aspects of non-Western music, namely knowledge, research, composition and performance. air#0 air#1 From the letter of appointment air#2 Joël Bons Joël Bons studied guitar and composition at the Sweelinck Conservatory in 4 5 Amsterdam. After completion of his composition studies, he attended summer Winds courses by Franco Donatoni in Siena and the Darmstädter Ferienkurse für Neue Musik. In 1982 he resumed his composition studies, with Brian Ferneyhough in Freiburg. and Strings At the beginning of the 1980s, Joël Bons co-founded the Nieuw Ensemble, a leading 3 international ensemble for contemporary music that is pioneering in its programming (02–2005) / and innovative in its repertoire. -
Kamanche, the Bowed String Instrument of the Orient
International Journal of Arts and Commerce ISSN 1929-7106 www.ijac.org.uk Kamanche, the Bowed String Instrument of the Orient Mehdi Oloumi Department of Music, Faculty of Art, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Abstract This paper reports on the ‘kamanche’, in oriental countries and describes how this musical instrument has attracted attention in an extensive part of the Orient and been warmly received beyond oriental boundaries in some African countries. Existing sources, together with the author’s long-term experience in playing music and his acquaintance with different types of ‘kamanche’, have been applied to investigate the various aspects of the instrument reported in this paper. This is a comprehensive study comparing similarities and differences of the instrument in Iran, China, Azerbaijan and India. Key words: string instruments, kamanche, er-hu, sarangi, bow. Introduction Characteristically stable and yet flexible, the ‘kamanche’ is an important musical instrument in eastern countries. Its use has migrated from one place to another, and in doing so it has been adapted to suit the geographical, ethnic and cultural conditions of each new region. It has also maintained the unique features that distinguish it from other instruments. This paper begins with consideration of the instrument’s appellation process and its history based on the sources of Al-Mousighi Al-Kabir by Farabi and Jami Al-Alhan by Abd al-Qadir al-Maraghi. The second part considers a common feature of the instrument that is apparent in instruments of all regions; the soundboard of its sound box. The soundboard plane of the kamanche has always been covered by a piece of parchment from an animal such as sheep, goat, cow’s stomach, snake or fish.