Anthropology & the Suburban Citizen
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Department of Anthropology, University College London PhD Thesis: University of London Making the Local: Anthropology & the Suburban Citizen David Jeevendrampillai April 2015 1 Declaration I, David Jeevendrampillai confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Word Count 97’267 2 Abstract Through anthropology at the edge, this thesis looks at how social projects form in dialogic relation to the ‘other’ as they meet and contest the meaning, values and forms of the material world. This PhD emerged between two social projects who aimed to make better suburbs. One, the Adaptable Suburbs Project (ASP) aimed to release the “untapped potential” of suburbs through a methodology of architectural analysis that combined different data sources. An online mapping platform aimed to collect oral testimonies from residents to reveal the “meaning, values, symbols” of the built environment. The location of a mountain, destroyed by a giant, was added by a group of local enthusiasts - the “Seething Villagers”. Playing with notions of history, myth and “fact”, Seethingers create events and “stupid” stories to create meaningful communities which “allow people to shine”. The story was refused by the ASP as the historical “fact” compromised the communicative ideal of deliberative democracy that underpinned the mapping project. Both social projects, one making better through academically informed planning policy at a national level, the other through forming “resilient” communities at a local level, met again in a council meeting. Here one social project, - Seethingers, as local citizens - articulated the values and meanings of the built environment through the framework of the other in order to object to planning application. It is here where the effects of the refusal were felt again. Producing efficacious knowledge and articulations about the world takes “work”. This thesis asks what sorts of subjectivities emerge at the edge of social projects, in moments of contestations, and what is lost in this process? Subjectivities emerge, not from the centre of a social project, but from the edge where it is always meeting the other. This thesis examines (and is) the material transfer of knowledge of ‘the other’ and its social, ethical and political implications. 3 For my Mother 4 Contents. Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... 3 List of Figures ............................................................................................................................... 9 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... 12 Preface.......................................................................................................................................... 13 Introduction: Making The Local Within A World of Other Project .................................. 15 The Mute Other ................................................................................................................ 19 The Search for The Edge ................................................................................................. 24 Material Culture ................................................................................................................. 29 The Indeterminacy of the Sign ........................................................................................ 32 Certainty & Uncertainty ................................................................................................... 34 Establishing the Context .................................................................................................. 38 Democracy & Anthropology ........................................................................................... 42 Democracy & Hegemony ................................................................................................ 43 Sovereignty & Forms of Life. .......................................................................................... 46 Involution ........................................................................................................................... 47 Being ‘Stupid’ ..................................................................................................................... 51 The Chapters ...................................................................................................................... 53 1 Moments of Incommensurability. ........................................................................................ 55 1.1 Ethnographic Moments: Points of First Contact .................................................. 55 1.2 The Moment ................................................................................................................ 58 1.3 The Adaptable Suburbs Project & Community Map. ........................................... 62 1.3.1 Making Commensurate. .......................................................................................... 65 1.3.2 The Map as a Point of Visibility. ........................................................................... 65 1.4 PPGIS ........................................................................................................................... 68 1.5 The Moment (2) .......................................................................................................... 71 5 1.6 The Lefi Ganderson Story & the Mount of Seething. .......................................... 72 1.6.1 The Goat Boy of Mount Seething......................................................................... 73 1.7 Making Fact ................................................................................................................. 76 1.8 Understanding the Silence. ........................................................................................ 79 1.8.1 The establishment of a project .............................................................................. 79 1.9 The Promise of the Gap. ........................................................................................... 82 1.10 Extending Value(s) ................................................................................................... 86 1.11 Conclusions ............................................................................................................... 91 2 Making A Suburb Part 1: Experts Who Eat Cake. ............................................................ 93 2.1 Order Out of Chaos ................................................................................................... 95 2.2 The Origins of Space Syntax ..................................................................................... 96 2.3 Creating a visualisation - Understanding the ‘Movement Economy’. ............... 100 2.3.1 Lines ........................................................................................................................ 100 2.3.2 Land Use ................................................................................................................. 111 2.3.3 Dots. ........................................................................................................................ 118 2.4 The Images as Movable Object. ............................................................................. 122 2.5 Eyeballing the data. ................................................................................................... 127 2.6 Second order affects ................................................................................................. 130 2.7 Conclusions ............................................................................................................... 133 3 The Social Productivity of Being “Stupid”. ...................................................................... 135 3.1 Not ‘This’ Not ‘That’ ............................................................................................... 137 3.2 The Emergence of Need. ........................................................................................ 146 3.3 Planning Lefi ............................................................................................................. 151 3.4.1 Planning Meetings ................................................................................................. 152 3.4.2 Arranging Lefi ........................................................................................................ 158 3.5 Doing Lefi .................................................................................................................. 160 3.6 The Pub ...................................................................................................................... 165 3.7 The Free University of Seething (FUS) ................................................................. 168 6 3.8 After the Event ......................................................................................................... 171 3.9 Making a Swerve ....................................................................................................... 173 3.10 Conclusions ............................................................................................................. 178 4 Making a Suburb Part II: Beating the Bounds .................................................................. 179 4.1 Where are the