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Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Pamphiliidae, Siricidae, Cephidae) from the Okanagan Highlands, Western North America S
1 New early Eocene Siricomorpha (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Pamphiliidae, Siricidae, Cephidae) from the Okanagan Highlands, western North America S. Bruce Archibald,1 Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn Abstract—We describe three new genera and four new species (three named) of siricomorph sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from the Ypresian (early Eocene) Okanagan Highlands: Pamphiliidae, Ulteramus republicensis new genus, new species from Republic, Washington, United States of America; Siricidae, Ypresiosirex orthosemos new genus, new species from McAbee, British Columbia, Canada; and Cephidae, Cuspilongus cachecreekensis new genus, new species from McAbee and another cephid treated as Cephinae species A from Horsefly River, British Columbia, Canada. These are the only currently established occurrences of any siricomorph family in the Ypresian. We treat the undescribed new siricoid from the Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil as belonging to the Pseudosiricidae, not Siricidae, and agree with various authors that the Ypresian Megapterites mirabilis Cockerell is an ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The Miocene species Cephites oeningensis Heer and C. fragilis Heer, assigned to the Cephidae over a century and a half ago, are also ants. Many of the host plants that siricomporphs feed upon today first appeared in the Eocene, a number of these in the Okanagan Highlands in particular. The Okanagan Highlands sites where these wasps were found also had upper microthermal mean annual temperatures as are overwhelmingly preferred by most modern siricomorphs, but were uncommon -
Phylogenetic Analysis of Eurytominae (Chalcidoidea: Eurytomidae) Based on Morphological Characters
Blackwell Publishing LtdOxford, UKZOJZoological Journal of the Linnean Society0024-4082© 2007 The Linnean Society of London? 2007 1513 441510 Original Article PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF EURYTOMINAEH. LOTFALIZADEH ET AL. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 151, 441–510. With 212 figures Phylogenetic analysis of Eurytominae (Chalcidoidea: Eurytomidae) based on morphological characters HOSSEINALI LOTFALIZADEH1, GÉRARD DELVARE2* and JEAN-YVES RASPLUS2 1Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Evin, Tehran 19395–1454, Iran 2CIRAD – INRA, Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des Populations (CBGP), Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30 016, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France Received February 2006; accepted for publication December 2006 A phylogenetic study of the Eurytominae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) treating 178 taxa and based on 150 mor- phological characters is given. Several cladograms using the complete species sample, but obtained with different weightings, are presented. Local studies were also carried out to provide possible alternate topologies. The deep nodes of the trees were unstable and were never supported, but most of the superficial nodes were stable and robust. The results therefore provide support for a generic classification of the subfamily. The large genus Eurytoma – which includes about half of the described species of the subfamily – proved to be polyphyletic, and is redefined in a nar- rowed sense using putative synapomorphies. Bruchophagus and Prodecatoma were similarly redefined. The genera Philolema and Aximopsis are reconsidered and defined in a broader concept. A number of the species presently included in Eurytoma were transferred to these genera. Finally, 22 new generic synonymies are proposed and 33 spe- cies are transferred. The study also demonstrates that the Eurytomidae are polyphyletic. -
Pear Sawfly Caliroa Cerasi Order Hymenoptera, Family Tenthredinidae; Common Sawflies Introduced Pest
Pests of Trees and Shrubs Pear sawfly Caliroa cerasi Order Hymenoptera, Family Tenthredinidae; common sawflies Introduced pest Host plants: Cherry, cotoneaster, hawthorn, mountain- ash, pear and plum Description: Adult sawflies are 5–8 mm long, black and yellow, and stout bodied. Larvae are slimy, slug-like, and shiny olive-green to blackish in color. They are 12 mm long when full grown. Life history: Adults emerge early in June and lay single eggs on leaf undersides. Larvae appear in June, feed for about a month, then drop to the soil to pupate. A second generation can begin in early August. Overwintering: Prepupae in the soil. Damage symptoms: Larvae feed on upper leaf surfaces, Scorched leaves caused by pear sawfly larva defoliation leaving only the leaf veins. Heavy defoliation gives the damage. (189) tree a scorched appearance, and leaves may drop prema- Photo: Jeff Hahn turely. Severe defoliation can adversely affect tree health. Monitoring: Look for black, slug-like larvae feeding on the upper surface of leaves in June and again in August, and look for their damage on the leaves. Physical control: Small populations of larvae can be removed by hand and destroyed. Chemical control: Horticultural oils and insecticidal soaps are very effective against larvae. Biological control: No reports of natural enemies Plant mortality risk: Low Biorational pesticides: azadirachtin, horticultural oil, insecticidal soap, pyrethrins, spinosad Conventional pesticides: acephate, bifenthrin, carbaryl, Leaf damage caused by pear sawfly larvae. (188) chlorpyrifos (nursery only), cyfluthrin, deltamethrin, Photo: Whitney Cranshaw fluvalinate, imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin, malathion, permethrin Leaf damage caused by young, pear sawfly larvae. -
Pine Sawflies, Neodiprion Spp. (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Diprionidae)1 Wayne N
EENY317 Pine Sawflies, Neodiprion spp. (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Diprionidae)1 Wayne N. Dixon2 Introduction Pine sawfly larvae, Neodiprion spp., are the most common defoliating insects of pine trees, Pinus spp., in Florida. Sawfly infestations can cause growth loss and mortality, especially when followed by secondary attack by bark and wood-boring beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, Scolytidae). Trees of all ages are susceptible to sawfly defoliation (Barnard and Dixon 1983; Coppel and Benjamin 1965). Distribution Neodiprion spp. are indigenous to Florida. Host tree specificity and location will bear on sawfly distribution statewide. Description Six species are covered here so there is some variation in appearance. However, an adult female has a length of 8 to 10 mm, with narrow antennae on the head and a stout and Figure 1. Larvae of the blackheaded pine sawfly, Neodiprion excitans thick-waisted body. This is unlike most Hymenopteran Rohwer, on Pinus sp. Credits: Arnold T. Drooz, USDA Forest Service; www.forestryimages.org insects which have the thinner, wasp-like waist. The background color varies from light to dark brown, with Adult yellow-red-white markings common. The two pairs of The adult male has a length of 5 to 7 mm. The male has wings are clear to light brown with prominent veins. broad, feathery antennae on the head with a slender, thick- waisted body. It generally has brown to black color wings, similar to the female. 1. This document is EENY317 (originally published as DPI Entomology Circular No. 258), one of a series of the Department of Entomology and Nematology, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date January 2004. -
Pollinators Full.Pdf
Hymenoptera: Bees Hymenoptera: Bees Hymenoptera: Wasps, Ants & Sawies Hymenoptera: Wasps, Ants & Sawies Pollinator Insects of the South West Slopes of NSW and North East Victoria This guide has been prepared to aid identication of a Pollinator Insects selection of common pollinator insects. Insects Pollinator This guide provides a good starting point, but many species can look similar. Please see the references and websites listed if you would like help with accurate of the South West Slopes of NSW species identification. and North East Victoria An identification and conservation guide Halictid bee Hylaeus bee Gasteruptiid wasp Hairy ower wasp Halictidae Colletidae Gasteruptiidae Scoliidae of the South West Slopes NSW and North East Victoria Blue-banded bee Chequered cuckoo bee Ant Cream-spotted ichneumon wasp Apidae Apidae Formicidae Ichnuemonidae Hylaeus bee (bubbling) Large Lasioglossum sp. Orange ichneumon wasp Paper wasp Colletidae Halictidae Ichnuemonidae Vespidae Orange ichneumon wasp Ichnuemonidae Online pollinator information resources Aussie Bee aussiebee.com.au Bee Aware Australia beeawareaustralia.org Common spring bee European honey bee Cuckoo wasp European wasp Australian Museum Plant2pollinator Colletidae Apidae Chrysididae Vespidae australianmuseum.net.au/welcome-to-plant2pollinator PaDIL Australian Pollinators padil.gov.au/pollinators Bowerbird bowerbird.org.au Leafcutter bee Red bee Paper wasp Sawy adult Victorian butteries Megachilidae Halictidae Vespidae Tenthredinidae museumvictoria.com.au/bioinformatics/butter/images/bthumbmenu.htm Atlas of Living Australia ala.org.au Hymenoptera: Bees Hymenoptera: Wasps, Ants & Sawies Wild Pollinator Count wildpollinatorcount.com • Around 2,000 native bee species currently known. • Around 8,000 native species currently known; many more undescribed. Photography • Mostly found in sunny, open woodlands, gardens and meadows with lots • Found in all habitats. -
UFRJ a Paleoentomofauna Brasileira
Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ www.anuario.igeo.ufrj.br A Paleoentomofauna Brasileira: Cenário Atual The Brazilian Fossil Insects: Current Scenario Dionizio Angelo de Moura-Júnior; Sandro Marcelo Scheler & Antonio Carlos Sequeira Fernandes Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências: Patrimônio Geopaleontológico, Museu Nacional, Quinta da Boa Vista s/nº, São Cristóvão, 20940-040. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. E-mails: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] Recebido em: 24/01/2018 Aprovado em: 08/03/2018 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11137/2018_1_142_166 Resumo O presente trabalho fornece um panorama geral sobre o conhecimento da paleoentomologia brasileira até o presente, abordando insetos do Paleozoico, Mesozoico e Cenozoico, incluindo a atualização das espécies publicadas até o momento após a última grande revisão bibliográica, mencionando ainda as unidades geológicas em que ocorrem e os trabalhos relacionados. Palavras-chave: Paleoentomologia; insetos fósseis; Brasil Abstract This paper provides an overview of the Brazilian palaeoentomology, about insects Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic, including the review of the published species at the present. It was analiyzed the geological units of occurrence and the related literature. Keywords: Palaeoentomology; fossil insects; Brazil Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ 142 ISSN 0101-9759 e-ISSN 1982-3908 - Vol. 41 - 1 / 2018 p. 142-166 A Paleoentomofauna Brasileira: Cenário Atual Dionizio Angelo de Moura-Júnior; Sandro Marcelo Schefler & Antonio Carlos Sequeira Fernandes 1 Introdução Devoniano Superior (Engel & Grimaldi, 2004). Os insetos são um dos primeiros organismos Algumas ordens como Blattodea, Hemiptera, Odonata, Ephemeroptera e Psocopera surgiram a colonizar os ambientes terrestres e aquáticos no Carbonífero com ocorrências até o recente, continentais (Engel & Grimaldi, 2004). -
Kansas Insect Newsletter
Kansas Insect Newsletter For Agribusinesses, Applicators, Consultants and Extension Personnel Department of Entomology 123 West Waters Hall K-State Research and Extension Manhattan, Kansas 66506 785-532-5891 http://www.entomology.ksu.edu/extension __________________________________________________________________________________________________ May 24, 2013 No. 8 Rose Aphid Roses grown in the Midwest are susceptible to attack from a variety of aphid species; however, the predominant aphid that feeds on roses cultivated outdoors is the rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosae. The rose aphid has a wide distribution, feeding on roses throughout the USA. Rose aphids are soft-bodied, pear-shaped insects, approximately 0.63 cm or 1/4 inch in length. They can vary in color from green to pink to red. Rose aphids have two tubes (called cornicles) that protrude out from the end of abdomen, which is where alarm pheromones are emitted. Rose aphids overwinter as eggs on rose canes. Rose aphids generally initiate feeding on roses in early spring as the new flush of growth emerges. They feed on plant fluids within the phloem sieve tubes (food-conducting tissues) with their piercing-sucking mouthparts. Similar to other aphid species, rose aphids tend to congregate or cluster in large numbers feeding on the terminal growth including leaves and stems, and developing flower buds, and on leaf undersides. Their feeding causes leaves to curl downward and deforms flower buds, which may result in flower buds aborting or falling off prematurely before opening. In addition, aphids produce honeydew, which is a clear sticky liquid exudate emitted during feeding. Honeydew attracts ants, wasps, hornets, and serves as a growing medium for black sooty mold fungi. -
Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae)
JHR 31: 97–104 (2013) Biology of Seleucus cuneiformis Holmgren 97 doi: 10.3897/JHR.31.4204 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.pensoft.net/journals/jhr Notes on the biology of Seleucus cuneiformis Holmgren (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae) Cornelis van Achterberg1, Ewald Altenhofer2 1 Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands 2 Etzen 39, 3920 Gross Gerungs, Austria Corresponding author: Cornelis van Achterberg ([email protected]) Academic editor: G. Broad | Received 28 October 2012 | Accepted 21 January 2013 | Published 20 March 2013 Citation: Achterberg C van, Altenhofer E (2013) Notes on the biology of Seleucus cuneiformis Holmgren (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 31: 97–104. doi: 10.3897/JHR.31.4204 Abstract The biology of the monotypic genus Seleucus Holmgren, 1860 (Ichneumonidae: Ctenopelmatinae) is re- ported for the first time. Seleucus cuneiformis Holmgren, 1860, was reared from Blasticotoma filiceti Klug, 1834 (Hymenoptera: Blasticotomidae). Seleucus cuneiformis Holmgren is new to the fauna of Austria. Keywords Seleucus, Blasticotoma, biology, distribution Introduction The second author reared for the first time a species of Ichneumonidae from the fern sawfly Blasticotoma filiceti Klug, 1834 (Tenthredinoidea: Blasticotomidae) in Austria. Blasticotomidae form a small and rarely collected family of small wasps (6-9 mm) main- ly restricted to the Palaearctic region and the border with the Oriental region (Taeger et al. 2010), with only one European species, Blasticotoma filiceti Klug, 1834. The family is considered to be one of the oldest extant families of Tenthredinoidea (Rasnitsyn 1988, 2002) and the blasticotomid lineage probably separated from the rest of Tenthredi- noidea as early as 280 Ma (Ronquist et al. -
Evolution of the Suctorial Proboscis in Pollen Wasps (Masarinae, Vespidae)
Arthropod Structure & Development 31 (2002) 103–120 www.elsevier.com/locate/asd Evolution of the suctorial proboscis in pollen wasps (Masarinae, Vespidae) Harald W. Krenna,*, Volker Maussb, John Planta aInstitut fu¨r Zoologie, Universita¨t Wien, Althanstraße 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria bStaatliches Museum fu¨r Naturkunde, Abt. Entomologie, Rosenstein 1, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany Received 7 May 2002; accepted 17 July 2002 Abstract The morphology and functional anatomy of the mouthparts of pollen wasps (Masarinae, Hymenoptera) are examined by dissection, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, supplemented by field observations of flower visiting behavior. This paper focuses on the evolution of the long suctorial proboscis in pollen wasps, which is formed by the glossa, in context with nectar feeding from narrow and deep corolla of flowers. Morphological innovations are described for flower visiting insects, in particular for Masarinae, that are crucial for the production of a long proboscis such as the formation of a closed, air-tight food tube, specializations in the apical intake region, modification of the basal articulation of the glossa, and novel means of retraction, extension and storage of the elongated parts. A cladistic analysis provides a framework to reconstruct the general pathways of proboscis evolution in pollen wasps. The elongation of the proboscis in context with nectar and pollen feeding is discussed for aculeate Hymenoptera. q 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Mouthparts; Flower visiting; Functional anatomy; Morphological innovation; Evolution; Cladistics; Hymenoptera 1. Introduction Some have very long proboscides; however, in contrast to bees, the proboscis is formed only by the glossa and, in Evolution of elongate suctorial mouthparts have some species, it is looped back into the prementum when in occurred separately in several lineages of Hymenoptera in repose (Bradley, 1922; Schremmer, 1961; Richards, 1962; association with uptake of floral nectar. -
Parasitoid Complex of Overwintering Cocoons of Neodiprion Huizeensis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) in Guizhou, China
Revista Colombiana de Entomología 42 (1): 43-47 (Enero - Junio 2016) 43 Parasitoid complex of overwintering cocoons of Neodiprion huizeensis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) in Guizhou, China Complejo de parasitoides de capullos invernales de Neodiprion huizeensis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) en Guizhou, China LI TAO1,2, SHENG MAO-LING1,3, SUN SHU-PING1,4 and LUO YOU-QING5 Abstract: The conifer sawfly, Neodiprion huizeensis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), is an injurious leaf feeder of Pinus spp. (Pinaceae) in China. Its parasitoid complex of overwintering cocoons was investigated in Weining, Guizhou during 2012. The average parasitism rate of overwintering cocoons of N. huizeensis by the parasitoid complex was 34.6%. The parasitoid complex included Drino auricapita (Diptera: Tachinidae), ichneumonids, and Trichomalus sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). The average parasitism rate of N. huizeensis by D. auricapita was 13.1%. The puparial period of D. auricapita averaged 16.4 ± 0.1 d. The female to male ratio was 1.1: 1. The ichneumonid complex included Aptesis grandis, A. melana, A. nigricoxa, Delomerista indica, Lamachus rufiabdominalis, L. nigrus, Bathythrix sp., Caenocryptus sp., Exyston spp., Gelis sp., Goryphus sp., and Olesicampe sp. The parasitism rate of N. huizeensis by ichneumonids was 17.1%. The parasitism rate of N. huizeensis by Trichomalus sp. was 4.5%, and the female to male ratio was 3.7: 1. The dominant species of parasitoids was D. auricapita followed by A. melana. The emergence of overwintered adults of N. huizeensis had two peaks: the first from the 17th to the 23rd of February, 2012; the second from February 29th to March 15th, 2012. The emergence of the parasitoid complexes coincided with each other and occurred from February 23rd to March 6th, 2012. -
Insects of Larose Forest (Excluding Lepidoptera and Odonates)
Insects of Larose Forest (Excluding Lepidoptera and Odonates) • Non-native species indicated by an asterisk* • Species in red are new for the region EPHEMEROPTERA Mayflies Baetidae Small Minnow Mayflies Baetidae sp. Small minnow mayfly Caenidae Small Squaregills Caenidae sp. Small squaregill Ephemerellidae Spiny Crawlers Ephemerellidae sp. Spiny crawler Heptageniiidae Flatheaded Mayflies Heptageniidae sp. Flatheaded mayfly Leptophlebiidae Pronggills Leptophlebiidae sp. Pronggill PLECOPTERA Stoneflies Perlodidae Perlodid Stoneflies Perlodid sp. Perlodid stonefly ORTHOPTERA Grasshoppers, Crickets and Katydids Gryllidae Crickets Gryllus pennsylvanicus Field cricket Oecanthus sp. Tree cricket Tettigoniidae Katydids Amblycorypha oblongifolia Angular-winged katydid Conocephalus nigropleurum Black-sided meadow katydid Microcentrum sp. Leaf katydid Scudderia sp. Bush katydid HEMIPTERA True Bugs Acanthosomatidae Parent Bugs Elasmostethus cruciatus Red-crossed stink bug Elasmucha lateralis Parent bug Alydidae Broad-headed Bugs Alydus sp. Broad-headed bug Protenor sp. Broad-headed bug Aphididae Aphids Aphis nerii Oleander aphid* Paraprociphilus tesselatus Woolly alder aphid Cicadidae Cicadas Tibicen sp. Cicada Cicadellidae Leafhoppers Cicadellidae sp. Leafhopper Coelidia olitoria Leafhopper Cuernia striata Leahopper Draeculacephala zeae Leafhopper Graphocephala coccinea Leafhopper Idiodonus kelmcottii Leafhopper Neokolla hieroglyphica Leafhopper 1 Penthimia americana Leafhopper Tylozygus bifidus Leafhopper Cercopidae Spittlebugs Aphrophora cribrata -
Mcabee Fossil Site Assessment
1 McAbee Fossil Site Assessment Final Report July 30, 2007 Revised August 5, 2007 Further revised October 24, 2008 Contract CCLAL08009 by Mark V. H. Wilson, Ph.D. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Phone 780 435 6501; email [email protected] 2 Table of Contents Executive Summary ..............................................................................................................................................................3 McAbee Fossil Site Assessment ..........................................................................................................................................4 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................4 Geological Context ...........................................................................................................................................................8 Claim Use and Impact ....................................................................................................................................................10 Quality, Abundance, and Importance of the Fossils from McAbee ............................................................................11 Sale and Private Use of Fossils from McAbee..............................................................................................................12 Educational Use of Fossils from McAbee.....................................................................................................................13