DOCSLIB.ORG

An Assessment of Australia's Progress in Suicide

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
An Assessment of Australia's Progress in Suicide DISCUSSION PAPER ONE WORLD CONNECTED: AN ASSESSMENT OF AUSTRALIA’s PROGRESS IN SUICIDE PREVENTION NATIONAL CoaLITION FOR SUICIDE PREVENTION RESPONSE TO WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION WORLD SUICIDE REPORT ‘PREVENTING SUICIDE: A GLOBAL IMPERAtive’ 10 SEPTEMBER 2014 We remember those we have lost to suicide and we acknowledge the suffering that suicide brings when it touches our lives. Our aim is to ensure that we provide for all people a future that inspires & empowers individuals & communities, and is filled with hope and meaning. Suicide Prevention Australia © 2014 Suicide Prevention Australia acknowledges the For more information contact funding provided under the Suicide Prevention Australia Australian Government National Suicide Prevention GPO Box 219, Sydney NSW 2001 Program. P: 02 9223 3333 Suggested citation: Suicide Prevention E: [email protected] Australia (2014). Discussion Paper: W: www.suicidepreventionaust.org One World Connected: An assessment of Australia’s progress in suicide prevention. TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD 4 INTRODUCTION 5 SNAPSHOT OF AUSTRALIA’S PERFORMANCE 7 SETTING THE CONTEXT: AUSTRALIAN EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SUICIDE AND SUICIDE ATTEMPTS 8 SIX KEY ELEMENTS SUPPORT NATIONAL SUICIDE PREVENTION STRATEGIES 11 1. Make suicide prevention a multisectoral priority, regardless of resources 11 2. Tailor for diversity 12 3. Establish best practices 14 4. Allocation of resources (finances, time, staff) 15 5. Effective planning and collaboration 15 6. Use of evaluation findings and sharing lessons learned 16 DETAILED REVIEW OF AUSTRALIA’S PERFORMANCE 17 Data (Surveillance) 17 Means restriction 18 Media 18 Training and education 19 Access to services 19 Treatment 20 Crisis intervention 21 Postvention 22 Awareness and Stigma reduction 23 APPENDIX A: National Coalition for Suicide Prevention members 24 APPENDIX B: Terminology 24 APPENDIX C: Current Suicide Prevention Strategy in Australia 26 © 2014 Suicide Prevention Australia For more information contact Suicide Prevention Australia GPO Box 219, Sydney NSW 2001 P: 02 9223 3333 E: [email protected] W: www.suicidepreventionaust.org FOREWORD First and foremost, we congratulate the We see excellence in suicide prevention Last but certainly not least, a notable World Health Organisation (WHO) for throughout Australia but, often in isolation. It exclusion from the WHO Report is the releasing the first international report on is essential that we have a national strategy inclusion of the voices of lived experience suicide prevention (herein referred to as in place to connect these efforts and to build in suicide prevention . In this paper we the WHO Report). Suicide prevention is a momentum and encourage creativity. The have included some information about global imperative and, while some of this value of the sum is far greater than that of how Australia is embedding those whose information may be known by those working its parts. lives have been touched by suicide in the in the sector, this is the first time a full and development of suicide prevention actions. Despite these limitations the beauty of our transparent picture of global efforts to reduce Embracing the constructive voice of lived country is its diversity – a mix of different suicide has been published. experience into all of our suicide prevention landscapes, cultures and lifestyles – and our activities will help us do a better job of A special thanks to our esteemed colleagues suicide prevention programs must embrace helping all Australians lead a contributing life. who contributed on behalf of Australia, this diversity rather than adopt a ‘one size fit Professor Diego De Leo, Director of the all approach’. This is an issue that the WHO Once again, we commend the WHO for Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Report has reinforced – the need to have putting together an informative, thought Prevention, a WHO Collaborating Centre for a strategy that allows for local and cultural provoking and easily digestible World Suicide Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, strengths to be recognised in planning and Report. We appreciate the work done by Brisbane, and other expert reviewers from implementation. It is also an area we need to Australia’s leaders in suicide prevention, and Australia such as Suicide Prevention Australia urgently address in Australia, particularly in look forward to discussing what we, as a Board Directors Michael Dudley and relation to Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres country and as a specialist sector, need to do Myf Maple. Strait Islander population and immigrants to realise our ambition to reduce suicides by in detention. In this paper we have included 50% in ten years. The National Coalition for Suicide Prevention a specific section on the disturbingly (members listed in Appendix A), is pleased to disproportionate rates of suicide in this group offer this perspective on the report, focusing and call for urgent action to be taken to on areas where Australia is leading the way, address contributing factors. and where significant work is required to improve outcomes for the community. The WHO Report mentions Australia’s relatively high quality data. While this may The report follows the adoption of the be so on a global scale, we do not believe Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan that suicide death and suicide attempt data 2013-2020 by the World Health Assembly, Sue Murray in Australia is of adequate quality nor is it which commits all 194 member states Convenor, National Coalition for Suicide Prevention readily accessible to inform prevention efforts to reducing the suicide rates by 10% by CEO, Suicide Prevention Australia and deliver improvements. We do not have 2020. The National Coalition for Suicide a clear picture of suicide in this country and Prevention has sought a further reduction until we have access to that information we target of 50% in the next ten years. As an are limited in how we can affect change. This ambitious group, we are seeking to achieve remains one of the National Coalition for a greater reduction and believe this revised Suicide Prevention’s top priorities. goal is appropriate for one of the world’s higher income countries with the capacity Reading the WHO Report has also to implement learning from other countries emphasised that we need to look beyond aspirational target. our borders. What can we learn from other countries? For example, lessons We believe Australia needs a clear national from Indigenous friends in America and suicide prevention strategy that includes Canada, the work the USA has done with specific outcome measures that underpin the defence forces and veterans, Germany’s Government and local efforts. Without clear multicomponent program targeting measurable outcomes we will not know if we depressive disorders, the Choose Life strategy are progressing toward our goal – what is in Scotland – just to name a few. The WHO working and what may not be working? Report is correct: Suicide prevention is a global imperative. 4 | One World Connected: An assessment of Australia’s progress in suicide prevention INTRODUCTION World Suicide Prevention Day in 2014 is significant because it marks the release by the World Health Organisation (WHO) of the first international suicide report, ‘Preventing suicide: A global imperative’. This WHO World Suicide Report is the In the report Foreword, Margaret In this response paper, the National most comprehensive, up-to-date record Chan, Director-General World Health Coalition for Suicide Prevention looks at of the current status of suicide prevention Organisation states: the report findings in relation to Australia internationally. The report: and suicide prevention, it explores what “This report encourages countries to we are doing well and what we need to • Outlines the epidemiology of suicide, continue the good work where it is do differently. presenting the most recent data already ongoing and to place suicide from countries across the world; prevention high on the agenda, In the WHO report, the World Health • Discusses major risk and protective regardless of where a country Organisation (WHO) recognises Australia factors for suicide, paying particular stands currently in terms of suicide as a high income country and is using attention to those which are rate or suicide prevention activities. national statistics from 2012. This paper modifiable. It presents the evidence With timely and effective evidence- assumes WHO Report terminology as set for key interventions that show based interventions, treatment and out in Appendix B and on page 12 of the promise in reducing suicidal acts; support, both suicides and suicide Report. Where Australian terminology is • Describes the overarching national attempts can be prevented. used beyond this, it is defined within or suicide prevention strategies lists an appropriate reference. that have been introduced in a The burden of suicide does not number of countries, highlighting weigh solely on the health sector; their common features; and it has multiple impacts on many • Then collates this information sectors and on society as a whole. and makes recommendations Thus, to start a successful journey about the future direction of towards the prevention of suicide, suicide prevention activities in countries should employ a multi- different countries and cultures. sectoral approach that addresses The WHO report aims to be an invaluable suicide in a comprehensive manner, resource for those working to prevent bringing together the different suicide
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Situational Approach Fact Sheet November 2019 Final
    Male Suicide Prevention AUSTRALIA FACT SHEET SUICIDE PREVENTION AND MENTAL DISORDERS The toll of suicide deaths in Australia continues to rise – despite substantial funding provided to the suicide prevention sector. This FACT SHEET presents some important information that is often over-looked in the current approach to suicide prevention in Australia. It is vital for effective suicide prevention that information that is presented to the community gives a fair and honest account of the key issues and factors involved in suicide deaths. SUICIDE – RATES AND NUMBERS ECONOMIC COST DEPRESSION/MENTAL DISORDER DEFICITS OF CURRENT APPROACH CONTENTS A. FACTS AT A GLANCE ................................................................. 2 B. SOME INFORMATION ABOUT THESE FACTS ............... 3 C. REFERENCES .................................................................................. 7 D. LINKS TO USEFUL PAPERS AND RESOURCES ........... 9 PREPARED BY John Ashfield PhD, Anthony Smith and Neil Hall PhD FACT SHEET SUICIDE PREVENTION AND MENTAL DISORDERS – JUNE 2019 COPYRIGHT © DR JOHN ASHFIELD AND ANTHONY SMITH 2019 1 ////// A. At A Glance Suicide – Rates and Numbers Depression/Mental Disorder • Suicide deaths in Australia now amount to • The rate of anti-depressant use in Australia around 3,000 per annum (3,128 in 2017) is amongst the highest in the world • There is common agreement in Australia • There is a great deal of disagreement in that the suicide figures are considerably expert opinion over the effectiveness and under-reported dangers
    [Show full text]
  • Association Between Suicide Reporting in the Media and Suicide: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    BMJ 2020;368:m575 doi: 10.1136/bmj.m575 (Published 18 March 2020) Page 1 of 17 Research BMJ: first published as 10.1136/bmj.m575 on 18 March 2020. Downloaded from RESEARCH Association between suicide reporting in the media and suicide: systematic review and meta-analysis OPEN ACCESS Thomas Niederkrotenthaler associate professor 1 2, Marlies Braun postgraduate researcher 1 2, Jane Pirkis professor 3, Benedikt Till associate professor 1 2, Steven Stack professor 4, Mark Sinyor associate professor 5 6, Ulrich S Tran senior lecturer 2 7, Martin Voracek professor 2 7, Qijin Cheng assistant professor 8, Florian Arendt assistant professor 2 9, Sebastian Scherr assistant professor 10, Paul S F Yip professor 11, Matthew J Spittal associate professor 3 1Unit Suicide Research and Mental Health Promotion, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; 2Wiener Werkstaette for Suicide Research, Vienna, Austria; 3Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; 4Department of Criminology and Department of Psychiatry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; 5Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; 6Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; 7Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, http://www.bmj.com/ School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 8Department of Social Work, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; 9Department of Communication, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 10School for Mass Communication Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 11Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, and Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Abstract 1-8 days) for a one article increase in the number of reports on suicide.
    [Show full text]
  • Fresno County Community-Based Suicide Prevention Strategic Plan
    Fresno County Community-Based Suicide Prevention Strategic Plan Written by DeQuincy A. Lezine, PhD and Noah J. Whitaker, MBA For those who struggle, those who have been lost, those left behind, may you find hope… Fresno Cares 2018 Introduction 4 Background and Rationale 5 How Suicide Impacts Fresno County 5 The Fresno County Suicide Prevention Collaborative 7 History 8 Capacity-Building 9 Suicide Prevention in Schools (AB 2246) 10 Workgroups 10 Data 11 Communication 11 Learning & Education 12 ​ Health Care 13 ​ Schools 14 ​ Justice & First Responders 15 ​ Understanding Suicide 16 Overview: the Suicidal crisis within life context 17 ​ The Suicidal Crisis: Timeline of suicidal crisis and prevention 22 Levels of Influence: The Social-Ecological Model 23 ​ Identifying and Characterizing Risk 24 ​ Understanding How Risk Escalates Into Suicidal Thinking 26 ​ Warning Signs: Recognizing when someone may be suicidal 27 ​ Understanding How Suicidal Thinking Turns into Behavior 28 ​ Understanding How a Suicide Attempt Becomes a Suicide 28 ​ Understanding How Suicide Affects Personal Connections 29 ​ Stopping the Crisis Path 30 Comprehensive Suicide Prevention in Fresno County 31 Health and Wellness Promotion 34 ​ Prevention (Universal strategies) 34 ​ Early Intervention (Selective strategies) 35 ​ Clinical Intervention (Selective strategies) 35 ​ Crisis Intervention and Postvention (Indicated strategies) 36 ​ Where We are Now: Needs and Assets in Fresno County 37 ​ Suicidal Thoughts and Feelings 37 ​ Suicide Attempts 40 1 Suicide 41 Understanding
    [Show full text]
  • Community Conversations to Inform Youth Suicide Prevention
    2018 Community Conversations to Inform Youth Suicide Prevention A STUDY OF YOUTH SUICIDE IN FOUR COLORADO COUNTIES Presented to Attorney General Cynthia H. Coffman Colorado Office of the Attorney General By Health Management Associates 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements............................................................................................................................................................. 3 Executive Summary..............................................................................................................................................................4 Introduction..........................................................................................................................................................................11 Scope of the Problem........................................................................................................................................................11 Key Stakeholder Interviews...........................................................................................................................................13 Community Focus Groups.............................................................................................................................................. 17 School Policies & Procedures........................................................................................................................................27 Traditional Media & Suicide..........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Answer Key: Suicide Prevention
    Personal Health Series Suicide Quiz Answer Key 1. List four factors that can increase a teen’s risk of suicide: Any four of the following: a psychological disorder, especially depression, bipolar disorder, and alcohol and/or drug use; feelings of hopelessness and worthlessness; previous suicide attempt; family history of depression or suicide; emotional, physical, or sexual abuse; lack of a support network, poor relationships with parents or peers, and feelings of social isolation; dealing with bisexuality or homosexuality in an unsupportive family or community or hostile school environment; perfectionism. 2. True or false: If a person talks about suicide, it means he or she is just looking for attention and won’t go through with it. 3. True or false: The danger of suicide has passed when a person begins to cheer up. 4. List four warning signs that someone is thinking about suicide: Any four of the following: talking about suicide or death in general; hinting he/she might not be around anymore; talking about feeling hopeless or feeling guilty; pulling away from friends or family; writing songs, poems, or letters about death, separation, or loss; giving away treasured possessions; losing the desire to do favorite things or activities; having trouble concentrating or thinking clearly; changing eating or sleeping habits; engaging in risky or self-destructive behaviors; losing interest in school and/or extra-curricular activities. 5. True or false: Once a person is suicidal, he or she is suicidal forever. 6. True or false: Most teens who attempt suicide really intend to die. 7. True or false: If a friend tells you she’s considering suicide and swears you to secrecy, you have to keep your promise.
    [Show full text]
  • Suicide Research: Selected Readings. Volume 2
    SuicideResearchText-Vol2:SuicideResearchText-Vol2 8/6/10 11:00 AM Page i SUICIDE RESEARCH: SELECTED READINGS Volume 2 May 2009–October 2009 J. Sveticic, K. Andersen, D. De Leo Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention National Centre of Excellence in Suicide Prevention SuicideResearchText-Vol2:SuicideResearchText-Vol2 8/6/10 11:00 AM Page ii First published in 2009 Australian Academic Press 32 Jeays Street Bowen Hills Qld 4006 Australia www.australianacademicpress.com.au Reprinted in 2010 Copyright for the Introduction and Comments sections is held by the Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, 2009. Copyright in all abstracts is retained by the current rights holder. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act, 1968, no part may be reproduced without prior permission from the Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention. ISBN: 978-1-921513-53-4 SuicideResearchText-Vol2:SuicideResearchText-Vol2 8/6/10 11:00 AM Page iii Contents Foreword ................................................................................................vii Acknowledgments ..............................................................................viii Introduction Context ..................................................................................................1 Methodology ........................................................................................2 Key articles Alexopoulos et al, 2009. Reducing suicidal ideation
    [Show full text]
  • National Guidelines: Responding to Grief, Trauma, and Distress After a Suicide
    Responding to Grief, Trauma, and Distress After a Suicide: U.S. National Guidelines Survivors of Suicide Loss Task Force April 2015 Blank page Responding to Grief, Trauma, and Distress After a Suicide: U.S. National Guidelines Table of Contents Front Matter Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................... i Task Force Co-Leads, Members .................................................................................................................. ii Reviewers .................................................................................................................................................... ii Preface ....................................................................................................................................................... iii National Guidelines Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 4 Terminology: “Postvention” and “Loss Survivor” ....................................................................................... 4 Development and Purpose of the Guidelines ............................................................................................. 6 Audience of the Guidelines ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Towards Evidence-Based Suicide Prevention Programmes WHO Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
    Towards Evidence-based Suicide Prevention Programmes WHO Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Towards evidence-based suicide prevention programmes. 1. Suicide - prevention and control. ISBN 978 92 9061 462 3 (NLM Classification: W822) © World Health Organization 2010 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; e-mail: permissions@ who.int). For WHO Western Pacific Regional Publications, request for permission to reproduce should be addressed to the Publications Office, World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Western Pacific, P.O. Box 2932, 1000, Manila, Philippines, Fax. No. (632) 521-1036, email: [email protected] The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.
    [Show full text]
  • Report: the Hidden Toll: Suicide in Australia
    The Senate Community Affairs References Committee The Hidden Toll: Suicide in Australia June 2010 © Commonwealth of Australia 2010 ISBN 978-1-74229-209-0 Senate Community Affairs Committee Secretariat: Ms Naomi Bleeser (Secretary) Mr Hamish Hansford (Secretary) Mr Owen Griffiths (Principal Research Officer) Ms Leonie Peake (Research Officer) Ms Lauren Burke (Research Officer) Ms Sophia Fernandes (Executive Assistant) Ms Victoria Robinson-Conlon (Executive Assistant) The Senate Parliament House Canberra ACT 2600 Phone: 02 6277 3515 Fax: 02 6277 5829 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.aph.gov.au/senate_ca This document was produced by the Senate Community Affairs Committee Secretariat and printed by the Senate Printing Unit, Parliament House, Canberra. HELP INFORMATION Lifeline 13 11 14 (24 hour crisis hotline) www.lifeline.org.au Kids Help Line 1800 551 800 www.kidshelpline.com.au Mensline 1300 78 9978 www.menslineaus.org.au Veterans and Veterans Families Counselling Service 1800 011 046 v MEMBERSHIP OF THE COMMITTEE 42nd Parliament Members Senator Rachel Siewert, Chair AG, Western Australia Senator Claire Moore, Deputy Chair ALP, Queensland Senator Judith Adams LP, Western Australia Senator Sue Boyce LP, Queensland Senator Carol Brown ALP, Tasmania Senator the Hon Helen Coonan LP, New South Wales Participating Members for this inquiry Senator Mark Furner ALP, Queensland Senator Gary Humphries LP, Australian Capital Territory Senator Catryna Bilyk ALP, Tasmania Senator Gavin Marshall ALP, Victoria Senator Dana
    [Show full text]
  • Suicides and Self-Inflicted Injuries in Massachusetts: Data Update
    SSUUIICCIIDDEESS AANNDD SSEELLFF--IINNFFLLIICCTTEEDD IINNJJUURRIIEESS IINN MMAASSSSAACCHHUUSSEETTTTSS:: DDAATTAA UUPPDDAATTEE The Injury Surveillance Program, MA Department of Public Health January, 2007 Suicides This bulletin provides an overview of suicide and self-inflicted injuries among Massachusetts residents. These data may be used to inform decisions regarding the development and evaluation of suicide prevention initiatives and policies. The data reported represents the latest year available at publication (for death data this is 2004, and for hospital stays, emergency department visits, youth behavioral survey and adult behavioral survey data this is 2005). Data on hospital stays combines both hospital discharges and observation stays, and therefore may not be directly comparable to previous years. Figure 1. Suicide and Homicide Rates,* MA Residents Ages 10 and Older, 1996-2004 10.0 8.8 8.9 9.1 Suicides In 2004: 7.7 • 429 Massachusetts residents died 8.0 7.2 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.5 by suicide (age-adjusted rate, 7.5 per 100,000 residents). 6.0 • There were more than 2.5 times Homicides 4.1** the number of suicides than 4.0 3.3 3.2 3.1 2.4 2.4 homicides. 2.1 2.2 2.2 100,000 per Rate • The suicide rate from 2000 2.0 through 2004 was relatively stable (from 7.2 to 7.5 per 0.0 100,000). 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 • Nationally, the suicide rate Year among persons ages 10 and older Source: Registry of Vital Records and Statistics, Massachusetts Department of Public Health was 12.7 per 100,000 in 2004.
    [Show full text]
  • Age Differences in Suicide Methods
    Forensic Research & Criminology International Journal Research Article Open Access Age differences in suicide methods Abstract Volume 6 Issue 6 - 2018 Objective: There is not adequate research on suicide methods by age in Turkey. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether there is any change in suicide methods Mustafa Demir by age over time and whether suicide methods significantly differ by age. State University of New York at Plattsburgh, USA Method: Secondary data about suicide from 2007 to 2015 were obtained from the Turkish Correspondence: Mustafa Demir, State University of New Statistical Institute. The number of suicide cases was 25,696. Direct standardization method York at Plattsburgh, USA, Tel +15185643305, was used to calculate suicide rates. Line charts were plotted to reveal the trends in suicide Email methods by age. Then, one-way anova (ANOVA) test was conducted to test whether suicide methods significantly differed by age. Received: June 05, 2017 | Published: December 11, 2018 Results: Among all ages, hanging was the most common suicide method, followed by firearm, jumping, intoxication, and cutting/burning among all age groups. Moreover, all of the other suicide methods increased except for cutting/burning among those aged 15- 24 years, except for firearm among those aged 25-44 years, except for hanging among those aged 45-64 years. Among those aged 65 and older, suicide by hanging decreased, however, suicide by other methods overall remained stable. The results also showed that with increasing age, suicide by hanging, jumping, and cutting increased, while suicide by firearm and intoxication decreased. In addition, the results of ANOVA test indicated that except for intoxication, all other suicide methods differed significantly by age groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Orygen Raising the Bar for Youth Suicide Prevention Report
    Raising the bar for youth suicide prevention © Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health 2016 This publication is copyright. Apart from use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 and subsequent amendments, no part may be reproduced, stored or transmitted by any means without prior written permission of Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health. ISBN 978-1-920718-41-1 Suggested citation Robinson, J, Bailey, E, Browne, V, Cox, G, & Hooper, C. Raising the bar for youth suicide prevention. Melbourne: Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 2016. Disclaimer This information is provided for general educational and information purposes only. It is current as at the date of publication and is intended to be relevant for all Australian states and territories (unless stated otherwise) and may not be applicable in other jurisdictions. Any diagnosis and/or treatment decisions in respect of an individual patient should be made based on your professional investigations and opinions in the context of the clinical circumstances of the patient. To the extent permitted by law, Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health will not be liable for any loss or damage arising from your use of or reliance on this information. You rely on your own professional skill and judgement in conducting your own health care practice. Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health does not endorse or recommend any products, treatments or services referred to in this
    [Show full text]