Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program Beaumont and San Timoteo Management Zones 2013 Annual Report

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April 2014

MAXIMUM BENEFIT MONITORING PROGRAM BEAUMONT AND SAN TIMOTEO MANAGEMENT ZONES 2013 ANNUAL REPORT

PREPARED FOR:

CITY OF BEAUMONT

PREPARED BY:

April 2014 Table of Contents

Section 1 – Introduction ...... 1-1 1.1 Maximum-Benefit Objectives ...... 1-1 1.2 Maximum-Benefit Commitments ...... 1-2 1.3 Maximum-Benefit Commitment Compliance ...... 1-2 Section 2 – Surface Water Monitoring Program ...... 2-1 2.1 City of Beaumont Surface Water Monitoring Program ...... 2-1 2.2 Data Collected in 2013 ...... 2-2 2.3 Imported Water Recharge and Recycled Water Discharge ...... 2-2 Section 3 – Groundwater Monitoring Program ...... 3-1 3.1 Regional Well Canvass ...... 3-1 3.1.1 Key Well Water Level Program ...... 3-1 3.1.2 Key Well Water Quality Program ...... 3-2 3.2 Water Quality in the Beaumont and San Timoteo Management Zones ...... 3-3 3.2.1 Water Quality Trends in the Beaumont Management Zone ...... 3-4 3.2.2 Water Quality Trends in the San Timoteo Management Zone ...... 3-7 Section 4 - References ...... 4-1

Appendix A – Data Collected for the Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program (Compact Disk)

April 2014 City of Beaumont i 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report Table of Contents

List of Tables

1-1 Maximum-Benefit and Antidegradation Objectives for Total Dissolved Solids and Nitrate-Nitrogen 1-2 City of Beaumont and San Timoteo Watershed Management Authority Maximum-Benefit Commitments 1-3 TDS Concentration at the Beaumont Wastewater Treatment Plant and in the Beaumont Management Zone 1-4 Beaumont Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent 12-Month Running Average TDS and TIN Concentrations 2-1 City of Beaumont Surface Water Monitoring Program 2-2 Analyte List for the Surface Water Quality Program 2-3 2013 Surface Water Monitoring Program Results: In-stream Monitoring Sites, Recharge Facilities, and Recycled Water Discharges 2-4 State Water Project Recharge to the Beaumont Management Zone – 2003 to 2013 2-5 Recycled Water Discharge to the Beaumont and San Timoteo Management Zones –2004 to 2013 3-1 Analyte List for the Key Well Groundwater Quality Program

April 2014 City of Beaumont ii 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report Table of Contents

List of Figures

1-1 Management Zone Boundaries – Maximum-Benefit and Antidegradation Objectives for TDS and Nitrate-Nitrogen 2-1 Surface Water Monitoring Program – Monitoring Locations 3-1 Key Well Water Level Program – Wells with Data in 2013 3-2 Key Well Water Quality Program – Wells with Data in 2013 3-3 Nitrate (as Nitrogen) in Groundwater – Maximum Concentration (2009 to 2013) 3-4 Total Dissolved Solids in Groundwater – Maximum Concentration (2009 to 2013) 3-5 Time History of Nitrate (as Nitrogen) Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone – Edgar Canyon 3-6 Time History of Nitrate (as Nitrogen) Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone – Northeast Beaumont Basin 3-7 Time History of Nitrate (as Nitrogen) Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone – Northwest Beaumont Basin 3-8 Time History of Nitrate (as Nitrogen) Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone – Central Beaumont Basin 3-9 Time History of Nitrate (as Nitrogen) Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone – Beaumont South Basin 3-10 Time History of TDS Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone – Edgar Canyon 3-11 Time History of TDS Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone – Northeast Beaumont Basin 3-12 Time History of TDS Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone – Northwest Beaumont Basin 3-13 Time History of TDS Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone – Central Beaumont Basin 3-14 Time History of TDS Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone – Beaumont South Basin 3-15 Time History of Nitrate (as Nitrogen) Concentrations at Wells in the Eastern San Timoteo Management Zone 3-16 Time History of TDS Concentrations at Wells in the Eastern San Timoteo Management Zone

April 2014 City of Beaumont iii 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report Table of Contents

Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Initialisms

acre-ft acre-feet Banning City of Banning Basin Plan Water Quality Control Plan for the Santa Ana River Basin BCVWD Beaumont-Cherry Valley Water District BMZ Beaumont Management Zone City City of Beaumont GWMP Groundwater Monitoring Program ND non-detect nitrate-N nitrate-nitrogen NPDES National Pollution Discharge Elimination System mg/L milligrams per liter Pass Agency San Gorgonio Pass Water Agency QA/QC quality assurance/quality control Regional Board California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region SMWC South Mesa Water Company STMZ San Timoteo Management Zone STWMA San Timoteo Watershed Management Authority SWMP Surface Water Monitoring Program SWP State Water Project TDS total dissolved solids TIN total inorganic nitrogen USGS United States Geological Survey Watermaster Beaumont Basin Watermaster WEI Wildermuth Environmental, Inc. WWTP wastewater treatment plant YVWD Yucaipa Valley Water District

April 2014 City of Beaumont iv 008-019-002.5

Section 1 – Introduction

This 2013 Maximum Benefit Annual Report was prepared by the City of Beaumont (City) pursuant to its maximum-benefit commitments, as described in the Water Quality Control Plan for the Santa Ana River Basin (Basin Plan) (California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region [Regional Board], 2008). This section provides background information on (1) the creation of the maximum-benefit objectives, (2) the commitments made by the City and the San Timoteo Watershed Management Authority (STWMA) when the Regional Board granted the maximum-benefit groundwater-quality objectives, and (3) the status of compliance with the maximum-benefit commitments. 1.1 Maximum-Benefit Objectives

In January 2004, the Regional Board amended the Basin Plan to incorporate an updated total dissolved solids (TDS) and nitrogen management plan (Regional Board, 2004). This amendment included revised groundwater subbasin boundaries (now called management zones), revised TDS and nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate-N) groundwater quality objectives, revised TDS and nitrogen wasteload allocations, revised reach designations, and revised TDS and nitrogen objectives and beneficial uses for specific surface waters. The technical work supporting the 2004 Basin Plan amendment was directed by the Nitrogen/TDS Task Force and is summarized in TIN/TDS Study (Phase 2A) of the Santa Ana Watershed, Final Technical Memorandum (Wildermuth Environmental, Inc. [WEI], 2000).

The antidegradation water quality objectives set forth by the Basin Plan amendment restricted the use of recycled water for irrigation and groundwater recharge for certain groundwater management zones, including the Beaumont Management Zone (BMZ) and the San Timoteo Management Zone (STMZ). In particular, the ambient TDS concentrations of these management zones exceeded the antidegradation objectives, meaning that no assimilative capacity existed for which the Regional Board could allocate the use of the City’s recycled water within the BMZ or STMZ. Table 1-1 summarizes the antidegradation objectives, maximum-benefit objectives, all ambient TDS and nitrate-N determinations made for the BMZ and STMZ (1997, 2003, 2006, and 2009), and current assimilative capacity for TDS and nitrate-N1. Under the antidegradation objectives, the use of recycled water would require mitigation even though the reuse would not materially impact future TDS concentrations or impair beneficial uses. Thus, alternative maximum-benefit objectives were specified for the BMZ and the STMZ. The maximum-benefit objectives were established based on demonstrations by the City and STWMA that antidegradation policies were satisfied. First, they demonstrated that beneficial uses would continue to be protected. Second, they showed that water quality consistent with the maximum benefit to the people of the State of California would be maintained. Other factors—such as economics, the need to use recycled water, and the need to develop housing in the area—were also taken into consideration in establishing

1 The 2012 ambient TDS and nitrate-N determinations will be completed in July 2014.

City of Beaumont April 2014 1-1 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report 1 – Introduction the maximum-benefit objectives. The locations of these management zones and their associated antidegradation and maximum-benefit objectives are shown in Figure 1-1. 1.2 Maximum-Benefit Commitments

As stated in the Basin Plan, the maximum-benefit objectives for the BMZ and the STMZ are contingent upon compliance with commitments made by the City and STWMA. Specifically, these commitments relate to the implementation of programs to monitor the effects of the maximum-benefit objectives on groundwater and surface water quality and to address salt management by ensuring that plans and programs are in place to mitigate salt loads once the management zones are nearing exceedance of the maximum-benefit objectives and/or recycled water effluent is nearing exceedance of the waste discharge permit limits. Per the Basin Plan, the City and STWMA are responsible for the BMZ commitments, and they share responsibility for the STMZ commitments with the Yucaipa Valley Water District (YVWD), which is also responsible for its own maximum-benefit commitments for the Yucaipa Management Zone.2 Table 1-2 (from Table 5-10a in the Basin Plan) identifies the maximum- benefit commitments made to the Regional Board by the City and STWMA.3 1.3 Maximum-Benefit Commitment Compliance

It is assumed that maximum benefit is demonstrated and that the maximum-benefit TDS and nitrate-N objectives apply to their respective management zones so long as the plans and schedules presented in Table 1-2 are being met by the City and STWMA. If the Regional Board were to make a finding that the maximum-benefit programs are not being implemented in accordance with their schedules, it could conclude that the maximum benefit is not being demonstrated and reinstate the antidegradation TDS and nitrate-N objectives. Table 1-2 lists the status of compliance for each of the nine maximum-benefit commitments outlined in the Maximum Benefit Implementation Plan for Salt Management in the Basin Plan (see Chapter 5 of the Basin Plan). Tables 1-3 and 1-4 provide data that demonstrate the City’s compliance with maximum benefit commitments #3 and #7, respectively. Note that in July 2009, the STWMA disbanded and the City assumed full financial responsibility for compliance with the maximum-benefit commitments listed in Table 1-2. The STWMA was officially dissolved in July 2010. Since that time, the City has implemented the maximum-benefit commitment schedule to the extent practicable in the absence of support from the STWMA. For those commitments where cooperation from the STWMA or its member agencies is needed (see commitment #4 – Recycled Water Reuse, for example), the City is actively

2 YVWD will report on its respective commitments in the STMZ in a separate annual report submitted to the Regional Board. 3 The Regional Board is currently working with the City, the YVWD, the BCVWD, the City of Banning, and the San Gorgonio Pass Water Agency to allocate available assimilative capacity, and thus grant access to the maximum-benefit objectives, to these agencies for recycled water reuse projects in the BMZ. A Basin Plan amendment will be required to expand the maximum-benefit program and modify the maximum-benefit commitments to include these new projects. Until a Basin Plan amendment is completed, the City remains the sole responsible party for the implementation of the maximum-benefit commitments.

City of Beaumont April 2014 1-2 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report 1 – Introduction working with Regional Board staff on developing alternative compliance options that satisfy the maximum-benefit criteria.2 The remainder of this annual report is dedicated to reporting on the activities performed in 2013 related to the first two commitments, which require ongoing implementation of surface and groundwater monitoring programs (GWMP) in the BMZ and the STMZ. In fulfillment of these commitments, the City and STWMA submitted a monitoring plan for groundwater and surface water monitoring (WEI, 2004), which was approved by the Regional Board on April 15, 2005 in Resolution R8-2005-0066 (Regional Board, 2005). Section 2 describes the maximum-benefit surface water monitoring program (SWMP) and summarizes the data collected in calendar year 2013. Section 3 describes the maximum-benefit GWMP and summarizes the data collected in calendar year 2013.

City of Beaumont April 2014 1-3 008-019-002.5 Table 1-1 Maximum-Benefit and Antidegradation Objectives for Total Dissolved Solids and Nitrate-Nitrogen

Beaumont San Timoteo Management Zone Management Zone

Total Dissolved Solids Nitrate-Nitrogen Total Dissolved Solids Nitrate-Nitrogen (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

Historical Ambient (1973) 233 1.5 303 2.7

Antidegradation Objective 230 1.5 300 2.7

Maximum-Benefit Objective 330 5.0 400 5.0

1997 Ambient Water Quality 290 2.6 300 2.9

2003 Ambient Water Quality 260 2.0 undetermined1 undetermined1

2006 Ambient Water Quality 260 1.6 undetermined1 undetermined1

2009 Ambient Water Quality2 280 2.5 420 0.8

Current Assimilative Capacity 50 2.5 -20 4.2

1–Groundwater data for the San Timoteo Management Zone were insufficient to make an ambient water quality determination for the 2003 (1984-2003) and 2006 recomputation periods (1987-2006).

2–Given that insufficient data were available to make an ambient TDS or nitrate-N computation per the standard methodology developed by the Basin Monitoring Program Task Force (WEI, 2000), the 2009 ambient water quality recomputation for the San Timoteo Management Zone relied on a modified version of the adopted methodology. This preliminary analysis was completed ahead of the rest of the ambient water quality work at the request of the Regional Board. The results were presented to the Regional Board in November 2010 (WEI, 2010).

Table 1-1.xlsx -- TDS_N Metrics Table 1-2 City of Beaumont and San Timoteo Watershed Management Authority Maximum-Benefit Commitments

Compliance Date – as soon as possible, Description of Commitment Status of Compliance but no later than

1. Surface Water Monitoring Program a. Submit draft monitoring program work a. January 23, 2005 a. Draft work plan submitted to the Regional plan to Regional Board. b. Within 30 days from the date of Regional Board in 2004. Plan was approved April b. Implement monitoring program. Board approval of the monitoring plan 15, 2005. c. Quarterly data report submittal c. April 15, July 15, October 15, and b. Monitoring initiated in October 2005. d. Annual data report submittal January 15 c. All quarterly data reports have been d. February 15th submitted. d. All annual reports submitted by April 15 of each year. (Prior to the submittal of the first annual report in 2006, Regional Board staff agreed to extend the annual report due date to April 15 to allow more time for laboratory analysis of December samples and the subsequent analysis/documentation of results.)

2. Groundwater Monitoring Program a. Submit draft monitoring program work a. January 23, 2005 a. Draft work plan submitted to the Regional plan to Regional Board. b. Within 30 days from the date of Regional Board in 2004. Plan was approved April b. Implement Monitoring Program. Board approval of the monitoring plan 15, 2005. c. Annual data report submittal c. February 15th b. Monitoring plan initiated in May 2005. c. All annual reports submitted by April 15 of each year (Prior to the submittal of the first annual report in 2006, Regional Board staff agreed to extend the annual report due date to April 15 to allow more time for laboratory analysis of December samples and the subsequent analysis/documentation of results).

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Table 1-2 City of Beaumont and San Timoteo Watershed Management Authority Maximum-Benefit Commitments

Compliance Date – as soon as possible, Description of Commitment Status of Compliance but no later than

3. Desalter(s) and Brine Disposal Facilities a. Submit plan and schedule for the a. Within 6 months of either of the a. Actions have not been triggered. Refer to construction of desalter(s) and brine following: Table 1-3, which provides the data back disposal facilities. Facilities are to be to 2004. i. When Beaumont’s effluent 5-yr operational as soon as possible but no running average TDS exceeds 480 b. Action has not been triggered. later than 7 years from the date of mg/L; and/or Regional Board approval of plan/schedule. ii. When the volume-weighted average TDS concentration in the BMZ b. Implement the plan and schedule. exceeds 320 mg/L b. Within 30 days from date of Regional Board approval of plan

4. Non-potable Water Supply: Implement December 23, 2014 A non-potable water supply system and plan is non-potable water supply system to serve still in development. The City is providing water for irrigation purposes. The non- updates to Regional Board staff as the plan is potable supply shall comply with a 10-year being developed. running average TDS concentration of 330

mg/L or less.

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Table 1-2 City of Beaumont and San Timoteo Watershed Management Authority Maximum-Benefit Commitments

Compliance Date – as soon as possible, Description of Commitment Status of Compliance but no later than

5. Recycled Water Recharge: The recharge Compliance must be achieved by the end of a. The City has constructed stormwater of recycled water shall be limited to the the 5th year after the initiation of recycled recharge basins in conjunction with new amount that can be blended with other water use/recharge operations. residential development within City recharge sources to achieve a 5-yr limits. The Beaumont Basin a. Prior to the initiation of construction of running-average equal to or less than the Watermaster is required to develop a basins/other facilities to support maximum-benefit objectives for TDS and methodology to compute “baseline” and enhanced stormwater/imported water nitrate-nitrogen in the relevant “new” stormwater recharge. Once recharge Watermaster has adopted an official management zones. th b. Annually, by January 15 , after the policy, the City will prepare an analysis a. Submit baseline report of amount, initiation of the construction of to document baseline and new locations, and TDS/nitrogen quality of facilities/implementation of programs to stormwater recharge quantities. No stormwater/imported water recharge. support enhanced recharge water quality data prior to the start of b. Submit documentation of the amount maximum benefit monitoring exists. and the TDS/nitrogen quality of all b. The City is currently reporting on the sources of recharge and recharge volume and quality of imported water locations. For stormwater recharge recharge activities in the BMZ. The City used for blending, submit also reports on the volume and quality of documentation that recharge is the recycled water discharge from the City’s result of the City /STWMA’s enhanced WWTP No. 1. The City will augment this recharge facilities/programs. information with stormwater volume and quality once the Watermaster has adopted an official policy and the City has prepared an analysis to document baseline and “new” stormwater recharge quantities.

6. Ambient groundwater quality July 1, 2005 and every three years thereafter The City has participated in the regional determination ambient water quality determination as requested by SAWPA. The City has provided its requested share of funds and substantial groundwater data for this effort.

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Table 1-2 City of Beaumont and San Timoteo Watershed Management Authority Maximum-Benefit Commitments

Compliance Date – as soon as possible, Description of Commitment Status of Compliance but no later than

7. Replace Denitrification Facilities Compliance with the 6 mg/L TIN limitation to Denitrification facilities were completed by (necessary to comply with TIN wasteload be achieved by January 2007 (three years January 2007. The Beaumont Wastewater allocation specified in Basin Plan) from the effective date of the Basin Plan Treatment Plant is in compliance with the 6 amendment) mg/L TIN limitation.

8. City of Beaumont Recycled Water Quality a. 60 days after the 12-month running- a. Action has not been triggered. Refer to Improvement Plan and Schedule average TDS effluent concentration Table 1-4, which provides the data back a. Submit plan and schedule. equals or exceeds 490 mg/L for 3 to 2004. consecutive months and/or the 12-month b. Implement plan and schedule. b. Action has not been triggered running average TIN concentration

equals or exceeds 6 mg/L in any month (once replacement denitrification facilities are in place) b. Upon approval by the Regional Board

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Table 1-2 City of Beaumont and San Timoteo Watershed Management Authority Maximum-Benefit Commitments

Compliance Date – as soon as possible, Description of Commitment Status of Compliance but no later than

9. Remove/Reduce the Discharge of a. January 23, 2005 Per the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the City is required to leave a minimum of 1.8 mgd in Beaumont’s Effluent from the Unlined b. Upon Regional Board Approval Portion of San Timoteo Creek the unlined portion of San Timoteo Creek a. Submit plan and schedule. a. In 2009, the Regional Board approved b. Implement plan and schedule. two new points of discharge for the City’s recycled water effluent in the BMZ to help the City reduce flow to the unlined portion of San Timoteo Creek while plans for the non-potable water system are developed. The City began discharging at the first of these two points (DP-007) in March of 2010. The City has also submitted proposals to the Regional Board to mitigate salt loading in exceedance of the STMZ TDS objectives for the 1.8 mgd of discharge. The most recent mitigation plan was not approved by the Regional Board. The City is working with Regional Board staff on a new proposal. b. Pending approval by the Regional Board

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Table 1-3 TDS Concentration at the Beaumont Wastewater Treatment Plant and in the Beaumont Management Zone

TDS Concentration

Year Beaumont WWTP Effluent Beaumont Management Zone (5-Year Running Average) (Volume-Weighted Average)

Action Level: 480 mg/L Action Level: 320 mg/L

2004 420 2005 420 2006 416 260 2007 414 2008 408 2009 413 280 2010 402 2011 400 1 2012 399 2013 405

1The volume‐weighted average TDS concentration in the BMZ for the period of 1993 to 2012 is currently being calculated as part of the triennial recomputation of ambient water quality in the Santa Ana River Basin. This recalculation will be completed in June 2014.

Table 1‐3.xlsx Table 1-4 Beaumont Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent 12-Month Running Average TDS and TIN Concentrations

Month TDS (mg/L)1 TIN (mg/L)2 Month TDS (mg/L)1 TIN (mg/L)2 Month TDS (mg/L)1 TIN (mg/L)2

Jan-04 419 2.27 May-07 412 1.79 Sep-10 412 4.65 Feb-04 420 2.32 Jun-07 409 1.70 Oct-10 401 4.54 Mar-04 419 1.94 Jul-07 408 1.60 Nov-10 393 4.15 Apr-04 417 1.41 Aug-07 413 1.50 Dec-10 386 3.86 May-04 407 1.14 Sep-07 409 1.50 Jan-11 387 3.32 Jun-04 406 1.16 Oct-07 412 1.09 Feb-11 386 3.29 Jul-04 400 1.14 Nov-07 406 0.87 Mar-11 386 3.10 Aug-04 395 1.10 Dec-07 399 0.73 Apr-11 382 2.97 Sep-04 390 1.13 Jan-08 397 0.73 May-11 385 2.68 Oct-04 389 1.76 Feb-08 397 0.76 Jun-11 386 2.69 Nov-04 386 1.79 Mar-08 397 1.35 Jul-11 386 2.71 Dec-04 388 1.75 Apr-08 399 1.73 Aug-11 388 2.68 Jan-05 386 2.71 May-08 406 2.01 Sep-11 391 2.56 Feb-05 392 4.37 Jun-08 408 2.23 Oct-11 398 2.53 Mar-05 402 6.61 Jul-08 407 2.53 Nov-11 400 2.81 Apr-05 404 7.63 Aug-08 402 2.75 Dec-11 408 2.86 May-05 413 8.56 Sep-08 405 3.15 Jan-12 403 2.73 Jun-05 416 8.63 Oct-08 391 3.27 Feb-12 403 2.66 Jul-05 421 8.64 Nov-08 389 3.34 Mar‐12 411 2.68 Aug-05 430 8.55 Dec-08 388 3.92 Apr‐12 414 2.67 Sep-05 433 8.77 Jan-09 388 4.23 May‐12 412 2.53 Oct-05 434 8.15 Feb-09 385 4.47 Jun‐12 409 2.40 Nov-05 433 8.05 Mar-09 386 4.52 Jul‐12 411 2.89 Dec-05 438 7.96 Apr-09 387 4.88 Aug‐12 408 2.95 Jan-06 445 7.72 May-09 379 4.63 Sep‐12 410 2.99 Feb-06 434 6.58 Jun-09 377 4.65 Oct‐12 406 3.10 Mar-06 421 4.47 Jul-09 373 4.38 Nov‐12 404 3.04 Apr-06 421 3.72 Aug-09 377 4.21 Dec‐12 400 3.18 May-06 419 2.98 Sep-09 375 3.94 Jan‐13 407 3.50 Jun-06 420 2.85 Oct-09 394 3.94 Feb‐13 411 3.64 Jul-06 419 2.94 Nov-09 407 4.26 Mar‐13 406 3.89 Aug-06 417 3.01 Dec-09 413 4.07 Apr‐13 408 3.73 Sep-06 417 2.64 Jan-10 412 4.46 May‐13 408 3.76 Oct-06 413 3.18 Feb-10 415 4.38 Jun‐13 412 3.72 Nov-06 417 3.41 Mar-10 413 4.01 Jul‐13 413 3.25 Dec-06 417 3.48 Apr-10 412 3.70 Aug‐13 415 3.23 Jan-07 414 2.84 May-10 413 4.27 Sep‐13 413 3.06 Feb-07 416 2.39 Jun-10 414 4.35 Oct‐13 415 3.15 Mar-07 418 2.27 Jul-10 415 4.39 Nov‐13 419 3.52 Apr-07 415 2.00 Aug-10 411 4.43 Dec‐13 418 3.39

Notes: 1–Per maximum benefit commitment 8, as listed in Table 1-1, the City of Beaumont must submit a recycled water quality improvement plan and schedule within 60 days after the 12-month running-average TDS effluent concentration equals or exceeds 490 mg/L for 3 consecutive months. 2–Per maximum benefit commitment 8, as listed in Table 1-1, the City of Beaumont must submit a recycled water quality improvement plan and schedule within 60 days after the 12-month running-average TIN concentration equals or exceeds 6 mg/L in any month after replacement dentirification facilities were implemented. Denitrification facilities were completed by January 2007.

Table 1‐4.xlsx

Section 2 – Surface Water Monitoring Program

The objectives of the maximum-benefit SWMP are to assist in (i) the development of wasteload allocations, (ii) the assessment of the salt balance of underlying groundwater management zones, and (iii) the characterization of the quality and magnitude of water used for recharge. 2.1 City of Beaumont Surface Water Monitoring Program

Table 2-1 lists the monitoring sites included in the City’s SWMP, the frequency of flow measurements and grab water quality sample collection, the laboratory analyses performed on the grab samples, and the responsible party for collecting the data. Table 2-1 is based on Table 5-10b of the Basin Plan and Table 3 of the monitoring plan for the City and STWMA’s maximum-benefit monitoring programs (WEI, 2004). The monitoring site locations are shown in Figure 2-1. Sites LSGC-02 and NC-01 are located in unlined sections of Little San Gorgonio Creek and Noble Creek, respectively, just upstream of their confluence to become Noble Creek. After the confluence, the creek flows past the Noble Creek Recharge Facility (NC Recharge Facility), located between Brookside Avenue and Cherry Valley Boulevard. The NC Recharge Facility is owned and operated by the Beaumont-Cherry Valley Water District (BCVWD). Site NC-02 is located in an unlined section of Noble Creek just upstream of the confluence of Noble Creek and Marshall Creek to become San Timoteo Creek. Site CC-01 is located on Cooper’s Creek just downstream of the City’s Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) No. 1 discharge point, DP-001. STC-01 is located in an unlined section of San Timoteo Creek approximately six miles downstream of CC-01 and about four miles downstream of the confluence of Cooper’s and San Timoteo Creeks. Per Table 5-10b in the Basin Plan, discharge measurements and water quality samples are collected at these stations once every two weeks, as shown in Table 2-1. The samples are analyzed for the constituents listed in Table 2-2. LSGC-01, the LSGC Spreading Facility, and the NC Recharge Facility are active recharge facilities that overlie the BMZ: LSGC-01 is a storm water recharge facility off Oak Glen Road in the far northeast section of the BMZ; the LSGC Spreading Facility is the Little San Gorgonio Creek imported water spreading facility, located just north of the confluence of Little San Gorgonio and Noble Creeks; and the NC Recharge Facility is the BCVWD’s imported water recharge facility. All three recharge facilities are owned by the BCVWD; the San Gorgonio Pass Water Agency (Pass Agency) currently leases and operates the Little San Gorgonio Creek facility. Per Table 5-10b of the Basin Plan, the volume of water recharged is recorded (with the exception of LSCG-01), and water-quality grab samples are collected and analyzed for TDS and nitrate-N concentrations on a monthly basis. Given that the water recharged at the LSGC Spreading Facility and the NC Recharge Facility is from the same source—State Water Project (SWP) water imported by the Pass Agency—water quality samples are only collected at the NC Recharge Facility site.4 At this time, recharge volumes are

4 Although monthly water quality samples are only collected at the NC Recharge Facility, the annual volume- weighted TDS and nitrate-N concentrations of recharge are computed separately for each facility.

City of Beaumont April 2014 2-1 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report 2 – Surface Water Monitoring Program not measured or estimated by the BCVWD at LSGC-01; this stormwater recharge facility is not equipped for such measurements; thus, only water quality samples are collected. The City’s SWMP also relies on discharge and water quality data collected by the City in compliance with its National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit for the discharge of tertiary treated effluent from WWTP No. 1. Per the NPDES permit, the City monitors daily recycled water discharge volumes to each of the two existing discharge points, DP-001 to Cooper’s Creek and DP-007 to an unnamed tributary to Marshall Creek. The City also collects monthly water quality samples for TDS and nitrate-N at monitoring point MP- 001, which is representative of the discharge at both DP-001 and DP-007. These data are compiled on a quarterly basis for use in the SWMP. Recycled water discharged at DP-001 to Cooper’s Creek flows into and recharges in the STMZ. Recycled water discharged to DP-007 percolates entirely in the BMZ as it flows towards Marshall and San Timoteo Creeks. 2.2 Data Collected in 2013

Table 2-3 contains the SWMP results for discharge, TDS, and nitrate-N measured at all monitoring sites in 2013. Sites LSGC-02, NC-01, and NC-02 were dry or had only trace flows during every sampling event in 2013; accordingly, water quality samples could not be collected, and these sites were excluded from Table 2-3. All surface water data collected as part of the SWMP are checked for quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) and loaded into a centralized relational database, HydroDaVESM. The data collected for the SWMP were reported to the Regional Board on a quarterly basis (April 2013, July 2013, October 2013, and January 2014). All SWMP data collected in 2013 are contained in an Access database, which has been included with this report as Appendix A. 2.3 Imported Water Recharge and Recycled Water Discharge

The recharge of imported SWP water in the BMZ began in 2003. Table 2-4 summarizes the annual imported water recharge to the BMZ from 2003 to 2013. Since 2003, a total of 61,411 acre-feet (acre-ft) of SWP water was recharged in the BMZ: 10,532 acre-ft at the LSGC Spreading Facility and 50,878 acre-ft at the NC Recharge Facility. The annual volume- weighted concentrations of imported water recharge at the LSGC Spreading Facility ranged between 143 milligrams per liter (mg/L) and 302 mg/L for TDS and 0.29 mg/L and 0.72 mg/L for nitrate-N. The current five-year average (2009-2013) volume-weighted TDS and nitrate-N concentrations for imported water recharged at this site are 229 mg/L and 0.39 mg/L, respectively. The annual volume-weighted concentrations of imported water recharge at the NC Recharge Facility ranged between 138 mg/L and 282 mg/L for TDS and 0.37 mg/L and 0.65 mg/L for nitrate-N. The current five-year average volume-weighted TDS and nitrate-N concentrations for imported water recharged at this site are 235 mg/L and 0.44 mg/L, respectively No imported SWP water has ever been recharged in the STMZ. Table 2-5 summarizes the annual recycled water discharge to the BMZ and the STMZ since the implementation of the maximum-benefit objectives (2004 to 2013). Since 2004, the City discharged a total of 27,094 acre-ft of recycled water: 24,798 acre-ft at DP-001 and 2,296 acre- ft at DP-007. The annual volume-weighted concentrations of recycled water discharged at DP-001 (2004-2013) ranged between 372 mg/L and 438 mg/L for TDS and 0.56 and 7.96

City of Beaumont April 2014 2-2 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report 2 – Surface Water Monitoring Program mg/L for nitrate-N. The current five-year average volume-weighted TDS and nitrate-N concentrations for recycled water discharged at this site are 395 mg/L and 2.61 mg/L, respectively. The annual volume-weighted concentrations of recycled water discharged at DP- 007 (2010-2013) ranged between 385 and 418 mg/L for TDS and 1.82 mg/L and 3.23 mg/L for nitrate-N. Not enough data exists to calculate five-year average volume-weighted TDS or nitrate-N concentrations at this site. The 2013 volume-weighted concentrations were 418 mg/L for TDS and 3.23 mg/L for nitrate-N. In November 2010, the Regional Board made an official finding that there is no assimilative capacity for TDS in the STMZ; as such, discharges of recycled water with a TDS concentration over 400 mg/L must be mitigated under an approved salt-offset plan. The City is working with the Regional Board to develop a salt-offset plan. The data collected by the City can be used to compute its salt liability for discharges over 400 mg/L that have occurred since 2011.

City of Beaumont April 2014 2-3 008-019-002.5 Table 2-1 City of Beaumont Surface Water Monitoring Program

Discharge Monitoring Water Quality Monitoring Site ID Site Description Monitoring Entity Frequency Frequency Analyses

Surface water inflow from Little San Gorgonio LSGC-011 Creek to the unnamed stormwater recharge City of Beaumont N/A Monthly TDS, TIN, & General Minerals (Formerly STWMA-7) basin in Oak Glen, owned by the BCVWD

Imported water recharge facility along Little San LSGC Spreading Facility2 Pass Agency (discharge) Gorgonio Creek, owned by the BCVWD, Daily N/A N/A (Formerly STWMA-8) City of Beaumont (WQ) operated by the Pass Agency

Surface water flow in Little San Gorgonio Creek LSGC-02 at Cherry Valley Blvd, above the confluence with City of Beaumont Bi-weekly Bi-weekly TDS, TIN, & General Minerals (Formerly STWMA-4) Noble Creek

Surface water flow in Noble Creek at Cherry NC-01 Valley Blvd, above the confluence with Little San City of Beaumont Bi-weekly Bi-weekly TDS, TIN, & General Minerals (Formerly STWMA-5) Gorgonio Creek

Imported water recharge facility at the NC Recharge Facility confluence of Little San Gorgonio Creek and BCVWD(discharge) Monthly Monthly TDS, TIN, & General Minerals (Formerly STWMA-6) Noble Creek, owned and operated by the City of Beaumont (WQ) BCVWD

Surface water flow in Noble Creek just before NC-02 the confluence with Marshall Creek where it City of Beaumont Bi-weekly Bi-weekly TDS, TIN, & General Minerals (Formerly STWMA-1) becomes San Timoteo Creek

STC-01 Surface water flow in San Timoteo Creek at City of Beaumont Bi-weekly Bi-weekly TDS, TIN, & General Minerals (Formerly STWMA-2) intersection with San Timoteo Canyon Road

Discharge from the City of Beaumont WWTP Beaumont WWTP DP-0073 Discharge Point 001 into the unnamed tributary City of Beaumont Daily Monthly TDS, TIN to Marshall Creek

Discharge from the City of Beaumont WWTP Beaumont WWTP DP-0013 City of Beaumont Daily Monthly TDS, TIN Discharge Point 001 into Cooper's Creek

CC-01 Surface water flow in Cooper's Creek City of Beaumont Bi-weekly Bi-weekly TDS, TIN, & General Minerals (Formerly STWMA-3) downstream of Beaumont WWTP DP-001

Notes: 1 Currently, there is no means for quantifying the flow from Little San Gorgonio Creek into the stormwater collection basin. 2 Water quality samples taken at the NC Recharge Facility are considered representative of the recharge water quality at the LSGC Spreading Facility. The recharge water is obtained from the same source. Thus, no water quality samples are collected at the LSGC Spreading Facility. 3 Effluent water quality samples representative of the discharge from DP-001 and DP-007 are collected at Beaumont Wastewater Treatment Plant MP-001 and are reported herein with DP-001.

Table 2-1_v2.xlsx -- SWMP Sites Table 2-2 Analyte List for the Surface Water Quality Program

Analytes Alkalinity (Including Bicarbonate, Carbonate, and Hydroxide) Ammonia-nitrogen Calcium Chloride Total Hardness Magnesium Nitrate-nitrogen Nitrite-nitrogen pH Potassium Sodium Specific Conductance Sulfate Total Dissolved Solids Total Inorganic Nitrogen Turbidity

Table 2-2.xlsx -- Analyte List Table 2-3 2013 Surface Water Monitoring Program Results: In-stream Monitoring Sites, Recharge Facilities and Recycled Water Discharges

In-Stream Monitoring Sites Recycled Water Discharge Sites Recharge Facilities CC-01 STC-01 Beaumont WWTP1,2 LSGC-015 LSGC Spreading Facility6 NC Recharge Facility Time Period 4,8 3 4,8 3 DP-1 DP-7 3 9 3 9 3 9 3 Flow TDS NO -N TDS NO -N 9 9 TDS NO -N Recharge TDS NO -N Recharge TDS NO -N Recharge TDS NO -N 3 Flow 3 Flow Flow 3 3 3 3 cfs mg/L mg/L cfs mg/L mg/L AF AF mg/L mg/L AF mg/L mg/L AF mg/L mg/L AF mg/L mg/L Jan 1 - Jan 13 1.77 390 3.90 2.07 450 2.20 217 45 440 4.70 210 0.28 39 260 0.61 687 260 0.61 Jan 14 - 31 3.09 390 4.50 3.63 450 1.70 Feb 1 - Feb 15 1.81 400 2.50 2.72 460 2.40 197 43 410 2.20 220 0.28 0 280 0.82 100 280 0.82 Feb 16 - Feb 28 2.50 400 1.10 2.10 470 1.20 March 1 - March 15 2.61 390 2.80 3.04 460 2.10 230 36 420 5.20 210 0.28 0 270 1.00 100 270 1.00 March 16 - March 31 2.81 400 2.30 2.62 470 1.30 April 1 - April 15 2.68 420 2.00 1.66 470 1.00 220 39 420 2.20 200 0.28 78 300 0.88 549 300 0.88 April 16 - April 30 2.86 420 4.60 1.81 520 1.70 May 1 - May 15 4.14 310 3.20 1.64 500 1.30 241 24 410 3.10 200 0.28 68 280 0.88 911 280 0.88 May 16 - May 31 3.06 410 2.30 0.99 470 0.97 June 1 - June 15 1.76 410 1.30 2.22 440 0.65 216 41 420 2.00 -- -- 93 290 0.54 806 290 0.54 June 16 - June 30 3.04 420 0.99 1.45 440 0.28 July 1 - July 15 2.20 390 0.81 0.62 420 0.28 215 49 420 1.60 -- -- 97 280 0.28 961 280 0.28 July 16 - July 31 2.34 410 0.85 0.91 430 0.28 Aug 1 - Aug 15 2.45 400 1.80 0.58 430 0.28 211 58 400 2.00 -- -- 135 240 0.28 813 240 0.28 Aug 16 - Aug 31 1.85 390 1.90 0.47 420 0.50 Sept 1 - Sept 15 2.82 440 2.70 0.21 470 0.28 236 30 430 1.60 -- -- 99 280 0.28 898 280 0.28 Sept 16 - Sept 30 3.41 410 4.10 1.58 440 2.10 Oct 1 - Oct 15 2.52 390 3.50 0.58 440 0.78 198 64 410 3.20 -- -- 88 270 0.28 916 270 0.28 Oct 16 - Oct 31 1.65 430 4.10 1.65 420 1.50 Nov 1 - Nov 15 2.86 390 4.50 0.73 430 0.77 209 54 440 8.10 -- -- 108 270 0.28 960 270 0.28 Nov 16 - Nov 30 3.09 350 0.69 2.27 430 0.28 Dec 1 - Dec 15 2.22 420 4.20 2.37 460 1.70 238 35 400 1.80 -- -- 79 310 0.50 933 310 0.50 Dec 16 - Dec 31 3.61 390 1.50 2.61 450 0.49 2013 Total ------2,629 ------882 -- -- 8,634 -- -- 2013 Minimum 1.65 310 0.69 0.21 420 0.28 197 24 400 1.60 -- 200 0.28 0 240 0.28 100 240 0.28 2013 Maximum 4.14 440 4.60 3.63 520 2.40 241 64 440 8.10 -- 220 0.28 135 310 1.00 961 310 1.00 2013 Average 3,7 2.63 399 2.59 1.69 452 1.09 219 43 418 3.14 -- 208 0.28 73 278 0.55 720 278 0.55 2013 Median 2.65 400 2.40 1.66 450 0.99 217 42 420 2.20 -- 210 0.28 83 280 0.52 856 280 0.52

Notes: 1–TDS and TIN are measured at the Beaumont WWTP once per month pursuant to the City's NPDES monitoring requirements. 2-- TDS and NO3-N are 24 hour composite samples

3–Values of NO3-N that are reported as non-detect are included in the annual average by setting the non-detect results as equal to the detection limit divided by √2. These values are displayed in bold. 4–Trace flows are reported as "0." It is occasionally possible to collect a water quality sample under trace flow conditions. 5–At this time, there is no means of quantifying stormwater recharge to LSGC-01. Between June and December 2013, this monitoring site was dry, so water quality could not be measured. 6–Water quality samples taken at the NC Recharge Facility are considered representative of the recharge water quality at the LSGC Spreading Facility. The recharge water is obtained from the same source. Thus, no water quality samples are collected at LSGC Spreading Facility.

7–The average value represents the arithmetic average for measurements made in 2013, not the volume-weighted concentrations of TDS and NO 3-N. 8–Values represent instantaneous flow measurements on a single date during the specified time period. 9–Values represent the total discharge or recharge during the specified time period. " -- " indicates site was dry and no water quality sample could be collected. "nm" indicates that a flow measurement was not possible due to unsafe stream/weather conditions, braided stream channel, or excess debris interference.

Table 2-3_v2.xlsx Table 2-4 State Water Project Recharge to the Beaumont Management Zone - 2003 to 2013

LSGC Spreading Facility Noble Creek Recharge Facility

Volume-Weighted Nitrate Volume-Weighted Nitrate Year Volume-Weighted TDS Volume-Weighted TDS Concentration Total Annual Concentration Total Annual Concentration Concentration (mg/L) Recharge (mg/L) Recharge (mg/L) (mg/L) (acre-ft) (acre-ft) 1-Year 5-Year 1-Year 5-Year 1-Year 5-Year 1-Year 5-Year

2003 75 205 -- 0.29 ------

2004 814 247 -- 0.72 ------

2005 687 198 -- 0.62 ------

2006 778 188 -- 0.56 -- 3,501 195 -- 0.41 --

2007 541 277 224 0.57 0.61 4,501 251 -- 0.6 --

2008 1,047 302 246 0.61 0.62 3,933 282 -- 0.65 --

2009 823 278 252 0.43 0.56 5,482 274 -- 0.43 --

2010 1,222 247 259 0.39 0.50 7,065 249 253 0.44 0.50

2011 1,836 143 230 0.45 0.48 8,779 138 226 0.47 0.50

2012 1,827 257 234 0.39 0.45 8,983 254 230 0.37 0.45

2013 882 280 229 0.45 0.42 8,634 278 235 0.47 0.44

Total 10,532 50,878

Table 2-4_v2.xlsx -- Table 2-4 Table 2-5 Recycled Water Discharge to the Beaumont and San Timoteo Management Zones - 2004 to 2013

DP-001 DP-007

Year Volume-Weighted TDS Volume-Weighted Nitrate Volume-Weighted TDS Volume-Weighted Nitrate Total Annual Concentration Concentration Total Annual Concentration Concentration Discharge (mg/L) (mg/L) Discharge (mg/L) mg/L) (acre/ft)2 (acre/ft)2 1-Year 5-Year 1-Year 5-Year 1-Year 5-Year1 1-Year 5-Year1

2004 1,859 388 -- 1.75 ------

2005 2,087 438 -- 7.96 ------

2006 2,246 417 -- 3.48 ------

2007 2,911 399 -- 0.56 ------

2008 2,861 388 405 1.31 2.76 ------

2009 2,871 372 400 2.19 2.78 ------

2010 2,424 387 392 3.35 2.07 574 385 -- 2.50 --

2011 2,372 408 390 1.87 1.80 660 408 -- 1.82 --

2012 2,538 400 392 2.56 2.23 543 400 -- 2.47 --

2013 2,629 418 395 3.11 2.61 518 418 -- 3.23 --

Total 24,798 2,296

1--DP-007 began operation in 2010; no five-year volume-weighted TDS or nitrate-N concentrations were calculated. 2--The total discharge is calculated from the sum of daily data and may not be the sum of the annual discharge values shown in this table due to rounding error.

Table 2-5_v2.xlsx -- Table 2-5

Section 3 – Groundwater Monitoring Program

The objectives of the maximum-benefit GWMP are (i) to characterize the effects of the implementation of the maximum-benefit TDS and nitrate-N water quality objectives on water levels and water quality in the BMZ and the STMZ, (ii) to collect sufficient groundwater level and quality data such that the triennial recomputation of ambient water quality can be performed, and (iii) to assess the salt balance in each management zone. 3.1 Regional Well Canvass

The original monitoring plan contained tables of all known wells in the BMZ and the STMZ (WEI, 2004). The first task of the GWMP was to update this regional well information and identify wells that could be used for water level and water quality monitoring through a regional well canvassing effort. During the 2004 ambient water quality recomputation (covering the period from 1984 through 2003), ambient TDS and nitrate-N concentrations could not be calculated for the STMZ due to insufficient data (WEI, 2010). Thus, a major focus of the regional well canvass was to locate existing wells in the STMZ that could be included in the monitoring program. The information that was collected and/or updated through the well canvass effort included, to the extent possible: well name(s), well owner, location coordinates, well status, well depth, and screened intervals. Well information was obtained from the BCVWD, the City of Banning (Banning), the Sharondale Mesa Owners Association, the South Mesa Water Company (SMWC), the United States Geological Survey (USGS), and the YVWD. Attempts were made to collect the same information from private well owners. Field work was performed to locate each well and determine whether water level measurements and water quality samples could be obtained. If a well was located on private property or in a region that was not accessible, a letter was left at the home or business. The letter requested permission to include the well in the GWMP and included contact information. In many cases, private well owners did not respond to the letter or chose not to participate in the monitoring program. In March 2007, the two-year well canvass of the region was completed. Since then, regional well information has been continually updated as new information becomes available. A Key Well Monitoring Program for water level and water quality data was developed based on the results of the key well canvass and submitted to the Regional Board for approval in July 2007. These programs were designed to improve the spatial distribution of groundwater data throughout the BMZ and STMZ and thereby support future ambient water quality assessments. Each program is made up of two components: 1) a field program wherein private wells identified during the well canvass are monitored and 2) a cooperative data collection program wherein data are obtained from various agencies in the region that actively monitor their own wells. 3.1.1 Key Well Water Level Program

Figure 3-1 identifies the locations of the Key Well Water Level Program wells. The program is comprised of 116 wells: 42 wells are monitored as part of the City’s field program, and the remaining 74 wells are monitored by various agencies in the region. 108 wells are located in

City of Beaumont April 2014 3-1 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report 3 – Groundwater Monitoring Program the BMZ, and 9 wells are located in the STMZ. Of the wells in the field monitoring program, 36 are located in the BMZ and 7 are located in the STMZ. Water level measurements are collected from all field program wells on a monthly basis by City staff. Each cooperating agency monitors its own wells at variable frequencies. All water level data collected as part of the Key Well Water Level Program are checked for QA/QC and loaded into a centralized relational database, HydroDaVESM. Figure 3-1 identifies all wells in the BMZ and STMZ where groundwater level data were collected and reported to the City in 2013. To eliminate redundancy in data collection, the City relies on the Beaumont Basin Watermaster (Watermaster) to provide the water level data it collects from the Watermaster Parties, including Banning, the BCVWD, the SMWC, and the YVWD. Watermaster requested water level data from these cooperating agencies at the beginning of 2014, but it was not provided with data for the wells owned by Banning, the SMWC, or the YVWD in time for inclusion in this report. All water level data collected in 2013 are contained in an Access database, which has been included with this report as Appendix A. Appendix A will be updated with the 2013 water level data collected from the Watermaster once it is available, and will be submitted to the Regional Board as an addendum to the Annual Report. Figure 3-1 also identifies wells where groundwater levels are no longer measured. Of the wells that have been monitored as part of this program in the past, 16 wells can no longer be sampled—fifteen in the BMZ and one in the STMZ. The well in the STMZ and one of the wells in the BMZ were previously in the City’s field program, and the remaining fourteen wells were previously monitored by cooperative agencies. The majority of wells that are no longer monitored are located near other wells that are currently active in the monitoring program, so the loss of data will not significantly impact either the monitoring program’s coverage of the BMZ or STMZ, or future ambient water quality recomputations. Two wells in the City’s field program located in the central-west region of the BMZ were not monitored in 2013, but the City is working with the well owners to resume monitoring water levels in the future, if possible. 3.1.2 Key Well Water Quality Program

Figure 3-2 identifies the locations of the Key Well Water Quality Program wells. The program is currently comprised of 70 wells: 30 wells are monitored as part of the City’s field program, and the remaining 40 wells are monitored by the various agencies in the region. 63 wells are located in the BMZ, and 7 wells are located in the STMZ. Each agency monitors its wells at variable frequencies, ranging from monthly to triennially. Of the 30 wells in the field program, 23 are located in the BMZ and 7 are located in the STMZ. The field program wells are sampled according to the analyte list in Table 3-1. Initially, all wells selected for the field program were monitored on an annual basis. After a well has been sampled for three consecutive years (the minimum years of data required for inclusion in the ambient water quality analysis), it is sampled triennially. Approximately 10 to 15 wells are sampled each year. For the majority of private wells in the BMZ, sampling commenced in 2006; thus, the minimum three years of data exists for most wells. The City’s newly constructed monitoring wells in the STMZ (completed in 2010) are sampled on an annual

City of Beaumont April 2014 3-2 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report 3 – Groundwater Monitoring Program schedule pursuant to San Timoteo Management Zone Monitoring Network Development Workplan (WEI, 2008). During this reporting period, water quality samples were collected from 13 wells as part of the field program: 10 in the BMZ and 3 in the STMZ. The City collected available data for the remaining wells from cooperating agencies periodically throughout the year. All water quality data collected as part of the Key Well Water Quality Program are checked for QA/QC and loaded into a centralized relational database, HydroDaVESM. Figure 3-2 identifies all wells in the BMZ and STMZ from which groundwater quality data were collected in 2013. All water quality data collected in 2013 are contained in an Access database, which has been included with this report as Appendix A. Figure 3-2 also identifies wells that are no longer sampled for water quality. Five wells that had previously been monitored are no longer sampled: three in the BMZ (two previously in the City’s field program and one previously monitored by the USGS) and two in the STMZ (both previously in the field program). In the BMZ, the three wells are located near other wells that are currently active in the monitoring program, so the loss of data from these wells will not significantly impact either the monitoring program’s coverage of the BMZ or future ambient water quality recomputations. Additionally, one well monitored by the SMWC (SMWC 01) has not been sampled for water quality since 2008, and one well monitored by the YVWD (YVWD 35) has not been sampled for water quality since 2009. Both are located in the northwest Beaumont Basin and are symbolized in Figure 3-2 as still belonging to the cooperative data collection program. YVWD 35 is one of the few wells in this region that has been monitored since the 1960s, so efforts to continue monitoring at this well would be ideal in order to maintain a long-term water quality dataset in the region. The City will coordinate with these two agencies to request the continued monitoring of these wells. In the STMZ, two wells can no longer be sampled: BH-19 has been abandoned, and the power at Well ONE was disconnected. BH-19 is located in close proximity to two other wells currently being monitored, so the loss of this well will not significantly impact the monitoring program’s coverage of the STMZ or future ambient water quality recomputations. The City will work with the owner of Well ONE in an effort to continue sampling at this well. 3.2 Water Quality in the Beaumont and San Timoteo Management Zones

Figures 3-3 and 3-4 show the areal distribution of recent nitrate-N and TDS concentrations measured at wells in the BMZ and STMZ,5 respectively, depicted as a five-year maximum concentration over the 2009 to 2013 period. The maximum concentration is symbolized using the following standardized class intervals based on the maximum-benefit objective (MBO) of each management zone:

5In the STMZ, the TDS and nitrate-N concentrations are only shown for wells east of the YVWD recycled water discharge point. The YVWD is responsible for reporting on the data collected west of its discharge point.

City of Beaumont April 2014 3-3 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report 3 – Groundwater Monitoring Program

Symbol Class Interval Not Detected <0.5x MBO, but detected 0.5x MBO to MBO MBO to 2x MBO 2x MBO to 4x MBO > 4x MBO

In the BMZ, the five-year maximum nitrate-N concentrations range from 0.25 mg/L to about 21 mg/L, and the five-year maximum TDS concentrations range from 100 mg/L to 768 mg/L. The highest TDS and nitrate-N concentrations were measured at wells in the Cherry Valley region and south of the 60 freeway (Beaumont South Basin). The elevated TDS and nitrate-N concentrations in these regions of the BMZ could be attributable, at least in part, to discharge to groundwater from on-site waste disposal systems (WEI, 2007; UCR, 2012). The lowest TDS and nitrate-N concentrations were measured at wells in the central portion of the BMZ. In the STMZ, the five year maximum nitrate-N concentrations range from 0.77 mg/L to 47 mg/L, and the five-year maximum TDS concentrations range from 240 mg/L to 1,100 mg/L. The maximum TDS and nitrate-N concentrations were measured at Well 1201539, which is located on the property of a chicken ranch in the central STMZ. These concentrations are much higher than values measured elsewhere in the STMZ. Since 2006, the lowest TDS concentration measured was 190 mg/L at the Heartland Well at the far eastern boundary of the STMZ, though both TDS and nitrate-N fluctuate substantially at this well. 3.2.1 Water Quality Trends in the Beaumont Management Zone

From the 1960s to the present, both TDS and nitrate-N concentrations have increased in the BMZ. The ambient TDS concentration in the BMZ increased from 223 mg/L in 1973 to 280 mg/L in 2009; the BMZ currently has 50 mg/L of assimilative capacity for TDS (refer to Table 1-1). The ambient nitrate-N concentration increased from 1.5 mg/L in 1973 to 2.5 mg/L in 2009; the BMZ currently has 2.5 mg/L of assimilative capacity for nitrate-N (refer to Table 1-1). The addition of new sampling sites and increased data availability resulting from the implementation of the maximum-benefit GWMP has, to some degree, influenced the changes in ambient water quality since 2006. Long-term and short-term water quality trends in the BMZ vary by location within the management zone. Figures 3-5 through 3-14 are time-history charts of TDS and nitrate-N at selected wells that illustrate the variation of water quality values and trends seen in each region of the BMZ. Each chart displays the time-history of ambient water quality determinations as well as the maximum-benefit objective for each respective analyte. The locations of wells displayed in Figures 3-5 through 3-14 are labeled by well name in Figures 3-3 and 3-4. The following sections describe the nitrate-N and TDS concentration trends by region within the BMZ.

City of Beaumont April 2014 3-4 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report 3 – Groundwater Monitoring Program

Nitrate-N Edgar Canyon (Figure 3-5) – Nitrate-N concentrations at wells in Edgar Canyon have increased slightly since the 1960s. Measured values are typically below 3 mg/L and are always below the maximum-benefit objective. Well 1207828 has the lowest nitrate-N concentrations in Edgar Canyon. This well is located immediately down-gradient of the Little San Gorgonio Creek spreading facility, and thus water quality at this location is influenced by the recharge of low- nitrogen water imported from the SWP, in which nitrogen-N concentrations are typically below 1.0 mg/L. Northeast Beaumont Basin (Figure 3-6) – Nitrate-N concentrations at wells located in the northeast Beaumont Basin have increased significantly since the 1960s. Available data show that nitrate-N concentrations ranged between 1 mg/L and 2 mg/L in the 1960s, while in the past 10 years concentrations have ranged between 1.5 and 12 mg/L. In the past 10 years, nitrate-N measurements have regularly exceeded the maximum-benefit objective of 5 mg/L at over half the wells in the northeast Beaumont Basin. The northeast Beaumont Basin is overlain by the unincorporated Cherry Valley community. In 2007, a tracer study linked the increase in nitrate-N concentrations at BCVWD 16 to septic tank discharges in Cherry Valley (WEI, 2007). A second, independent tracer study further concluded that septic tank leakage is responsible for between 18 and 30 percent of groundwater nitrogen—and consequently elevated nitrate-N levels—in the region that extends south from BCVWD 16, west to BCVWD 29, and south to BCVWD 21 (UCR, 2012). Northwest Beaumont Basin (Figure 3-7) – Nitrate-N concentrations vary between wells in the northwest Beaumont Basin, and no regional trends are clear. Available data show that nitrate- N concentrations ranged between 0.5 mg/L and 2.5 mg/L in the 1960s, while in recent years, nitrate-N concentrations have been consistently above the maximum-benefit objective at multiple wells. While some wells have shown clear increases in nitrate-N concentrations since the 1960s (YVWD 35), others have shown little increase or decrease (SMWC 05, Singleton Ranch 7). Central Beaumont Basin (Figure 3-8) – Since the 1960s, nitrate-N concentrations have remained low and stable at wells in the central Beaumont Basin (BCVWD 01, Well A, Ban C-3). Measured values are typically below 3 mg/L. One exception occurs at a set of nested monitoring wells monitored by the USGS (1207770, 1207771 and 1207773). Nitrate-N concentrations at this well site are higher than elsewhere in the central Beaumont Basin, and concentrations decrease with increasing well depth (the wells range from 600 to 900 feet below the ground surface). This pattern illustrates the stratification of nitrate-N concentrations in the aquifer in the vicinity of this well, which is located down-gradient of septic tank leakages into shallow water in the Cherry Valley region. Nitrate-N concentrations in the two shallower wells exceed the maximum-benefit objective of 5 mg/L. Note that the depths of these three casings are similar to the perforated depths of the down-gradient production wells (BCVWD 01, Well A, Ban C-3), which range between about 700 and 1000 feet below the ground surface. These production wells, however, are also perforated to much shallower depths (between 230 and 380 feet below the ground surface), and induce the mixing

City of Beaumont April 2014 3-5 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report 3 – Groundwater Monitoring Program of groundwater at various depths during pumping. Beaumont South Basin (Figure 3-9) – Nitrate-N concentrations are substantially higher in Beaumont South compared to elsewhere in the basin. Nitrate-N concentrations have ranged from values as low as 2.6 at Well 1220050 to values as high as 21 mg/L at Well 1006182 since monitoring began in 2006. No historical data in exists in the Beaumont South Basin to determine how water quality has changed over time. Total Dissolved Solids Edgar Canyon (Figure 3-10) – TDS concentrations at wells in the northern region of Edgar Canyon (BCVWD 18, BCVWD 11, BCVWD 06) have remained relatively stable and simlar since the 1960s. Measured values in this northern area typically range from 175 to 325 mg/L and are always below the maximum-benefit objective. TDS concentrations farther south, near BCVWD 04A, have increased over the past 20 years. At these southern wells TDS concentrations have occasionally been above the maximum-benefit objective of 330 mg/L. Northeast Beaumont Basin (Figure 3-11) – TDS concentrations fluctuate greatly at individual wells located in the northeast Beaumont Basin. Still, available historical data show that TDS concentrations remained below 330 mg/L in the 1960s, while in the past 10 years TDS concentrations have frequently exceeded the maximum-benefit objective at several wells. In the past 20 years, more than half of wells in this region have shown a clear increasing trend in TDS concentrations. However, measured TDS concentrations at the majority of wells remain below the maximum-benefit objective of 330 mg/L. Northwest Beaumont Basin (Figure 3-12) – Available data show that TDS concentrations typically ranged between 175 mg/L and 250 mg/L and never exceeded the maximum-benefit objective in the 1960s. In recent years, TDS concentrations have occasionally exceeded the maximum- benefit objective at multiple wells. Since the early 1990s, TDS concentrations have ranged from approximately 100 mg/L to 375 mg/L. While some wells have shown significant increases in TDS (YVWD 35), others have shown increase or decrease over the time-history of available data (SMWC 05, YVWD 48). Central Beaumont Basin (Figure 3-13) – TDS concentrations measured at individual wells fluctuate greatly from year to year; however, TDS concentrations at most wells in this area have not shown an increasing or decreasing trend over time. TDS concentrations measured at the nested monitoring well (1207770, 1207771, and 1207773) have been decreasing since monitoring began in 2002, and illustrate that TDS concentrations in the aquifer are stratified in the vicinity of this well site. All measured TDS concentrations have remained well below the maximum-benefit objective of 330 mg/L.

City of Beaumont April 2014 3-6 008-019-002.5 Maximum Benefit Monitoring Program – 2013 Annual Report 3 – Groundwater Monitoring Program

Beaumont South Basin (Figure 3-14) – TDS concentrations are higher in Beaumont South compared to elsewhere in the basin. TDS concentrations have ranged from 210 mg/L at Well 1206892 to 770 mg/L at Ranch Well since monitoring began in 2006. No historical data exists in the Beaumont South Basin to determine how water quality has changed over time. 3.2.2 Water Quality Trends in the San Timoteo Management Zone

The ambient TDS concentration in the STMZ increased from 303 mg/L in 1973 to 420 mg/L in 20106; the STMZ currently has no assimilative capacity for TDS. The ambient nitrate-N concentration decreased from 2.7 mg/L in 1973 to 0.8 mg/L in 2010 (refer to Table 1-1). Apparent trends in these ambient water quality calculations have been affected by the addition of new monitoring locations since 2006 and the construction of new monitoring wells in 2010. Additionally, the 2010 ambient water quality results were performed using a modified methodology to allow the incorporation of wells without the requisite temporal data into the analysis (WEI, 2010). Insufficient information exists to determine if the change in ambient water quality since 1973 is attributable to actual changes in groundwater quality over time. The change could be attributable, in part, to the increased spatial distribution of data now available in the STMZ relative to the objective setting period. Since the maximum-benefit monitoring program began in 2006, no clear increasing or decreasing water quality is apparent.

Figures 3-15 and 3-16 are time-history charts of nitrate-N and TDS at selected wells in the STMZ.7 Each chart displays the time-history of ambient water quality determinations for the STMZ and the STMZ maximum-benefit objective. The locations of the wells displayed in Figures 3-15 and 3-16 are labeled by well name in Figures 3-3 and 3-4. Aside from high nitrate-N concentrations at Well 1201539, nitrate-N concentrations are well below the maximum-benefit objective throughout the eastern portion of the basin (Figure 3- 15). Nitrate-N concentrations have been non-detect (ND) at four wells, and have remained ND at three wells since monitoring began in the mid-2000s (ND values are not shown in Figure 3-15). The low nitrate-N concentrations at these new monitoring locations contributed to the low 2010 ambient water quality determination. In contrast, TDS concentrations are much more variable between wells in the STMZ (Figure 3-16). Several wells have TDS concentrations that are always substantially above the maximum-benefit objective (Well 120539, Well 1003049, Fishermen’s Retreat 1, BH-19), while others have concentrations that are always below (San Tim-2B/1, San Tim-2B/2) or fluctuate around the objective (Heartland Well, San Tim-1, Fishermen’s Retreat 2).

6 Given that insufficient data was available to make an ambient TDS or nitrate-N computation per the standard methodology developed by the Basin Monitoring Program Task Force (WEI, 2000), the 2009 ambient water quality recomputation for the STMZ relied on a modified version of the adopted methodology. These results were presented to the Regional Board in November 2010 (WEI, 2010). 7 Water quality at wells west of the YVWD recycled water discharge point is monitored by the YVWD and is not reviewed in this report.

City of Beaumont April 2014 3-7 008-019-002.5 Table 3-1 Analyte List for the Key Well Groundwater Quality Program

Analytes Alkalinity (Including Bicarbonate, Carbonate, and Hydroxide) Ammonia-nitrogen Calcium Chloride Fluoride Magnesium Nitrate-nitrogen Nitrite-nitrogen pH Potassium Silica Sodium Specific Conductance Sulfate Total Dissolved Solids Total Inorganic Nitrogen

Table 3-1.xlsx -- Analyte List

Figure 3-5 Time History of Nitrate (as Nitrogen) Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone - Edgar Canyon 10 100

60 (in) 40

(mg/L) 20

5 0

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-40 Cumulative Departure from Mean Precipitation

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0 -100 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 Figure 3-6 Time History of Nitrate (as Nitrogen) Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone - Northeast Beaumont Basin 15 100

60 (in) 40

(mg/L) 20

-20 Nitrate-N Concentration

-40 Cumulative Departure from Mean Precipitation

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0 -100 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 Figure 3-7 Time History of Nitrate (as Nitrogen) Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone - Northwest Beaumont Basin 10 100

60 (in) 40

20 (mg/L)

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0 -100 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 Figure 3-8 Time History of Nitrate (as Nitrogen) Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone - Central Beaumont Basin 10 100

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20 (mg/L)

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0 -100 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 Figure 3-9 Time History of Nitrate (as Nitrogen) Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone - Beaumont South Basin 25 100

20 60 (in) 40

(mg/L) 20

10 -20 Nitrate-N Concentration

-40 Cumulative Departure from Mean Precipitation

5 -60

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0 -100 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 Figure 3-10 Time History of TDS Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone - Edgar Canyon 450 100

400

350 40 (in)

(mg/L) 300

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-40 200 Cumulative Departure from Mean Precipitation

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100 -100 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 Figure 3-11 Time History of TDS Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone - Northeast Beaumont Basin 450 100

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40 (in)

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300 -20 TDS Concentration TDS Concentration

-40 Cumulative Departure from Mean Precipitation

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200 -100 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 Figure 3-12 Time History of TDS Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone - Northwest Beaumont Basin 400 100

350

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(mg/L) 250

200 -20 TDS Concentration TDS Concentration

-40 150 Cumulative Departure from Mean Precipitation

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50 -100 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 Figure 3-13 Time History of TDS Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone - Central Beaumont Basin 350 100

300 60

40 (in)

250 20 (mg/L)

200 -20 TDS Concentration TDS Concentration

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100 -100 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 Figure 3-14 Time History of TDS Concentrations at Interpretive Wells in the Beaumont Management Zone - Beaumont South Basin 800 100

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60 650

600 40 (in)

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(mg/L) 500

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250 -60

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100 -100 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 Figure 3-15 Time History of Nitrate (as Nitrogen) Concentrations at Wells in the Eastern San Timoteo Management Zone 50 120

45 100

40 80 (in) 35 60

30 40 (mg/L)

25 20

20 0 Nitrate-N Concentration

15 -20 Cumulative Departure from Mean Precipitation

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0 -80 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 Figure 3-16 Time History of TDS Concentrations at Wells in the Eastern San Timoteo Management Zone 1200 120

1150

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900 (in) 850 60 800

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Section 4 - References

California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region. (2004). Resolution No. R8- 2004-0001 Resolution Amending the Water Quality Control Plan for the Santa Ana River Basin to Incorporate an Updated Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and Nitrogen Management Plan for the Santa Ana Region. California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region. (2005). Resolution No. R8- 2005-0066 Resolution Approving the San Timoteo and Beaumont Management Zones Maximum Benefit Surface Water and Groundwater Monitoring Program Proposals as Required in the Total Dissolved Solids and Nitrogen Management Plan Specified in the Water Quality Control Plan for the Santa Ana River Basin. California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region. (2008). Water Quality Control Plan for the Santa Ana River Basin. California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region. (2009). Resolution No. R8- 2009-003—Amendment of Order No. R8-2006-003, NPDES No. CA0105376 – Waste Discharge and Producer/User Water Recycling Requirements for The City of Beaumont Wastewater Treatment Plant No. 1 – Riverside County. University of California, Riverside. (2012). Water Quality Assessment of the Beaumont Management Zone: Identifying Sources of Groundwater Contamination Using Chemical and Isotopic Tracers, Final Report. Prepared for the State Water Resources Control Board, Agreement No. R8-2010-0022. Wildermuth Environmental, Inc. (2000). TIN/TDS Phase 2A: Tasks 1 through 5, TIN/TDS Study of the Santa Ana Watershed, Technical Memorandum. Wildermuth Environmental, Inc. (2004). San Timoteo Watershed Management Program Maximum Benefit Monitoring Plan. Wildermuth Environmental, Inc. (2007). Water Quality Impacts from On-site Waste Disposal Systems in the Cherry Valley Community of Interest. Prepared for the San Timoteo Watershed Management Authority Project Committee No. 1. March 2007. Wildermuth Environmental, Inc. (2008). San Timoteo Management Zone Monitoring Network Development Workplan. Wildermuth Environmental, Inc. (2010). Preliminary Assessment of Assimilative Capacity for TDS and Nitrogen in the San Timoteo Management Zone. November 2010. Wildermuth Environmental, Inc. (2011). Recomputation of Ambient Water Quality in the Santa Ana Watershed for the Period of 1990 to 2009. Wildermuth Environmental, Inc. (2011). Recomputation of Ambient Water Quality in the Santa Ana Watershed for the Period of 1990 to 2009.

City of Beaumont April 2014 4-1 008-019-002.5 Corporate Office 23692 Birtcher Drive Lake Forest, California 92630 T: 949.420.3030 www.WildermuthEnvironmental.com