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Great Lakes Islands: Biodiversity Elements And
GREAT LAKES ISLANDS: BIODIVERSITY ELEMENTS AND THREATS A FINAL REPORT TO THE GREAT LAKES NATIONAL PROGRAM OFFICE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AUGUST 6, 2007 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Funding for this project has been provided by the Great Lakes Program Office (GLNPO) of the Environmental Protection Agency (Grant No. Gl-96521901: Framework for the Binational Conservation of Great Lakes Islands). We especially appreciated the support of our project officer, K. Rodriquez, and G. Gulezian, director of the GLNPO. Project team members were F. Cuthbert (University of Minnesota), D. Ewert (The Nature Conservancy), R. Greenwood (U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service), D. Kraus (The Nature Conservancy of Canada), M. Seymour (U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service), K. Vigmostad (Principal Investigator, formerly of Northeast-Midwest Institute), and L. Wires (University of Minnesota). Team members for the Ontario portion of the project included W. Bakowsky (NHIC), B. Crins (Ontario Parks), J. Mackenzie (NHIC) and M. McMurtry (NHIC). GIS and technical support for this project has been provided by T. Krahn (Provincial Geomatics Service Centre, OMNR), J. Slatts (The Nature Conservancy), and G. White (The Nature Conservancy of Canada). Many others have provided scientific and policy support for this project. We particularly want to recognize M. DePhillips (The Nature Conservancy), G. Jackson (Parks Canada), B. Manny (Great Lakes Science Center), and C. Vasarhelyi (policy consultant). Cover photograph: A Bay on Gibraltar Island (Lake Erie) ©2005 Karen E. Vigmostad 2 Contents -
WLSSB Map and Guide
WISCONSIN LAKE SUPERIOR SCENIC BYWAY (WLSSB) DEVILS ISLAND NORTH TWIN ISLAND MAP KEY ROCKY ISLAND SOUTH TWIN ISLAND CAT ISLAND WISCONSIN LAKE SUPERIOR SCENIC BYWAY APOSTLE ISLANDS BEAR ISLAND NATIONAL LAKESHORE KIOSK LOCATION IRONWOOD ISLAND SCENIC BYWAY NEAR HERBSTER SAILING ON LAKE SUPERIOR LOST CREEK FALLS KIOSKS CONTAIN DETAILED INFORMATION ABOUT EACH LOCATION SAND ISLAND VISITOR INFORMATION OUTER ISLAND YORK ISLAND SEE REVERSE FOR COMPLETE LIST µ OTTER ISLAND FEDERAL HIGHWAY MANITOU ISLAND RASPBERRY ISLAND STATE HIGHWAY COUNTY HIGHWAY 7 EAGLE ISLAND NATIONAL PARKS ICE CAVES AT MEYERS BEACH BAYFIELD PENINSULA AND THE APOSTLE ISLANDS FROM MT. ASHWABAY & NATIONAL FOREST LANDS well as a Heritage Museum and a Maritime Museum. Pick up Just across the street is the downtown area with a kayak STATE PARKS K OAK ISLAND STOCKTON ISLAND some fresh or smoked fish from a commercial fishery for a outfitter, restaurants, more lodging and a historic general & STATE FOREST LANDS 6 GULL ISLAND taste of Lake Superior or enjoy local flavors at one of the area store that has a little bit of everything - just like in the “old (!13! RED CLIFF restaurants. If you’re brave, try the whitefish livers – they’re a days,” but with a modern flair. Just off the Byway you can MEYERS BEACH COUNTY PARKS INDIAN RESERVATION local specialty! visit two popular waterfalls: Siskiwit Falls and Lost Creek & COUNTY FOREST LANDS Falls. West of Cornucopia you will find the Lost Creek Bog HERMIT ISLAND Walk the Brownstone Trail along an old railroad grade or CORNUCOPIA State Natural Area. Lost Creek Bog forms an estuary at the take the Gil Larson Nature Trail (part of the Big Ravine Trail MICHIGAN ISLAND mouths of three small creeks (Lost Creek 1, 2, and 3) where System) which starts by a historic apple shed, continues RESERVATION LANDS they empty into Lake Superior at Siskiwit Bay. -
Early Agriculture Within the Boundaries
015&~ API S EARLY AGRICULTURE WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF THE APOSTLE ISLANDS NATIONAL LAKESHORE: AN OVERVIEW OF BEAR, IRONWOOD, MICHIGAN, OAK, OTTER, RASPBERRY, ROCKY, SOUTH TWIN AND STOCKTON ISLANDS AND THE MAINLAND UNIT (ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR BASSWOOD ISLAND ALSO INCLUDED) A Report Prepared for the Staff of the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore, Bayfield, Wisconsin / by Arnold R. Alanen Professor Department of Landscape Architecture School of Natural Resources University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, Wisconsin 53706 June 1985 OBJECTIVES During the early 1980s this investigator participated with two other individuals in preparing a report on the early agricultural history of the Apostle Islands. 1 The report presented some background information on the overall agricultural development of the Apostles, but especially focused upon Basswood, Hermit, and Sand Islands. Several sources of information were used in preparing this first report. These included original Land Office and homestead records, census data, newspaper accounts, interviews, pictorial information, and field surveys. The report included on the following pages seeks to provide a more complete overview of early Apostle Islands agriculture by expanding the study to include islands other than Basswood, Hermit, and Sand (Figure 1). The additional islands considered in this report are Bear, Ironwood, Michigan, otter, Oak, Raspberry, South Twin, and Stockton. In addition, an effort has been made to provide some background information on an early farmstead (situated on Section 9, Township 51N, Range SW of Bayfield County) that once was built on what is now a part of the Apostle Islands mainland unit. Finally, additional information on two pre-emptors who made claims on Basswood Island was unearthed while doing this study; therefore, the subsequent account includes the new data. -
Breeding and Feeding Ecology of Bald Eagl~S in the Apostle Island National Lakeshore
BREEDING AND FEEDING ECOLOGY OF BALD EAGL~S IN THE APOSTLE ISLAND NATIONAL LAKESHORE by Karin Dana Kozie A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF SCIENCE College of Natural Resources UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN Stevens Point, Wisconsin December 1986 APPROVED BY THE GRADUATE COMMITTEE OF; Dr. Raymond K. Anderson, Major Advisor Professor of Wildlife Dr. Neil F Professor of Dr. Byron Shaw Professor of Water Resorces ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Many people donated considerable time and effort to this project. I wish to thank Drs. Neil Payne and Byron Shaw -of-n my graduate ncommittee, for---providing Use fliT comments on this manuscript; my committee chairman, Dr. Ray Anderson, whose support, patience and knowledge will long be appreciated. Special thanks to Chuck Sindelar, eagle biologist for the state of Wisconsin, for conducting aerial surveys, organizing banding crews and providing a vast supply of knowledge and time, and to Ron Eckstein and Dave Evans of the banding crew, for their climbing expertise. I greatly appreciate the help of the following National Park Service personnel: Merryll Bailey, ecologist,.provided equipment, logistical arrangements and fisheries expertise; Maggie Ludwig graciously provided her home, assisted with fieldwork and helped coordinate project activities on the mainland while researchers were on the islands; park ranger/naturalists Brent McGinn, Erica Peterson, Neil Howk, Ellen Maurer and Carl and Nancy Loewecke donated their time and knowledge of the islands. Many people volunteered the~r time in fieldwork; including Jeff Rautio, Al Bath, Laura Stanley, John Foote, Sandy Okey, Linda Laack, Jack Massopust, Dave Ross, Joe Papp, Lori Mier, Kim Pemble and June Rado. -
The Archeological Investigation of Four Lighthouse Complexes at the Western End of Lake Superior: the 1988 Testing Program Withi~Postle Islands National Lakeshore
()-/~'7 The Archeological Investigation of Four Lighthouse Complexes at the Western End of lake Superior: The 1988 Testing Program Withi~postle Islands National lakeshore National Park Service Midwest Archeological Center Ie PLEAS: I\ZTurm TO: TECHN1Cfil 1~!r-0:1MAT!O;l c::: :-:-:.::1 DENVC1 S:::;-:"":::: c;:::--;::1 ON M1CROF!Lf,l B&WScans r~i~TIO;~f~L f;~~:' ~Z~'J:C2 z .J'-t~ZO~5 -- --~~~------- ----~---- b - ----- ------------ THE ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF FOUR LIGHTHOUSE COMPLEXES AT THE WESTERN END OF LAKE SUPERIOR: THE 1988 TESTING PROGRAM WITHIN APOSTLE ISLANDS NATIONAL LAKESHORE By Vergil E. Noble Midwest Archeological Center Technical Report No.8 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Midwest Archeological Center Lincoln, Nebraska 1993 Ie ------ -- -- - -- --_.- - ----------------------------- --- ----- ABSTRACT During June and July of 1988, archeologists from the Midwest Archeological Center performed limited testing at four historic lighthouse complexes within Apostle Islands National Lakeshore. The lighthouses, which still protect shipping at the western end of Lake Superior, were scheduled for exterior restoration work. Specifically, immediate plans called for the installation of drainage systems about certain structures on Sand Island, Michigan Island, Outer Island, and Devils Island to mitigate continuing ground water damage to their foundations. Archeological investigations sought to assess the potential impacts to cultural resources in those areas of the light stations that would be disturbed by proposed developments. Shovel probes and controlled test excavations were used to examine the proposed drain alignments, as well as construction staging areas. No significant cultural resources were discovered during the five-week project that would warrant modification of the drainage systems or further archeological excavation prior to construction of these improvements. -
U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office
U.S. Coast Guard Historian’s Office Preserving Our History For Future Generations Historic Light Station Information WISCONSIN ALGOMA PIERHEAD LIGHT (FRONT & REAR) Location: MOUTH OF THE AHNAPEE RIVER ON LAKE MICHIGAN, WISCONSIN Station Established: 1893 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1932 Operational? YES Automated? YES 1973 Deactivated: N/A Foundation Materials: PIER Construction Materials: STEEL Tower Shape: CYLINDRICAL Markings/Pattern: RED Relationship to Other Structure: INTEGRAL Original Lens: FRESNEL Range: 16 Miles Characteristic: Red, Isophase 6 sec. HISTORICAL INFORMATION: Ahnapee grew rapidly in the mid to late 1870s and became the home to the largest commercial fishing fleet on Lake Michigan. When the government would not approve a lighthouse to mark the entrance to the harbor, locals erected a couple of post lights at the outer end of the two piers at the harbor entrance. Congress finally appropriated money to build some range lights in 1891 to mark the entrance of the harbor at Ahnapee which was renamed Algoma. The light was built in 1892 after new piers were completed but the light was not lit until the beginning of the 1893 shipping season. The piers were unique in that they were split and off-set. There was not a single continuous pier. To get to the lighthouse a bridge had to be built to span the gap between the off-set portions. The range initially consisted of a front post light and a wooden skeletal tower rear range. In 1895 the rear range tower had an upgrade to the lens. A fifth order lens was installed that increased the range from 9 miles to 11 miles. -
Lighthouses – Clippings
GREAT LAKES MARINE COLLECTION MILWAUKEE PUBLIC LIBRARY/WISCONSIN MARINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY MARINE SUBJECT FILES LIGHTHOUSE CLIPPINGS Current as of November 7, 2018 LIGHTHOUSE NAME – STATE - LAKE – FILE LOCATION Algoma Pierhead Light – Wisconsin – Lake Michigan - Algoma Alpena Light – Michigan – Lake Huron - Alpena Apostle Islands Lights – Wisconsin – Lake Superior - Apostle Islands Ashland Harbor Breakwater Light – Wisconsin – Lake Superior - Ashland Ashtabula Harbor Light – Ohio – Lake Erie - Ashtabula Badgeley Island – Ontario – Georgian Bay, Lake Huron – Badgeley Island Bailey’s Harbor Light – Wisconsin – Lake Michigan – Bailey’s Harbor, Door County Bailey’s Harbor Range Lights – Wisconsin – Lake Michigan – Bailey’s Harbor, Door County Bala Light – Ontario – Lake Muskoka – Muskoka Lakes Bar Point Shoal Light – Michigan – Lake Erie – Detroit River Baraga (Escanaba) (Sand Point) Light – Michigan – Lake Michigan – Sand Point Barber’s Point Light (Old) – New York – Lake Champlain – Barber’s Point Barcelona Light – New York – Lake Erie – Barcelona Lighthouse Battle Island Lightstation – Ontario – Lake Superior – Battle Island Light Beaver Head Light – Michigan – Lake Michigan – Beaver Island Beaver Island Harbor Light – Michigan – Lake Michigan – St. James (Beaver Island Harbor) Belle Isle Lighthouse – Michigan – Lake St. Clair – Belle Isle Bellevue Park Old Range Light – Michigan/Ontario – St. Mary’s River – Bellevue Park Bete Grise Light – Michigan – Lake Superior – Mendota (Bete Grise) Bete Grise Bay Light – Michigan – Lake Superior -
Apostle Islands National Lakeshore Geologic Resources Inventory Report
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Apostle Islands National Lakeshore Geologic Resources Inventory Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRSS/GRD/NRR—2015/972 ON THIS PAGE An opening in an ice-fringed sea cave reveals ice flows on Lake Superior. Photograph by Neil Howk (National Park Service) taken in winter 2008. ON THE COVER Wind and associated wave activity created a window in Devils Island Sandstone at Devils Island. Photograph by Trista L. Thornberry-Ehrlich (Colorado State University) taken in summer 2010. Apostle Islands National Lakeshore Geologic Resources Inventory Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRSS/GRD/NRR—2015/972 Trista L. Thornberry-Ehrlich Colorado State University Research Associate National Park Service Geologic Resources Division Geologic Resources Inventory PO Box 25287 Denver, CO 80225 May 2015 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. The series supports the advancement of science, informed decision-making, and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series also provides a forum for presenting more lengthy results that may not be accepted by publications with page limitations. -
Biodiversity of Michigan's Great Lakes Islands
FILE COPY DO NOT REMOVE Biodiversity of Michigan’s Great Lakes Islands Knowledge, Threats and Protection Judith D. Soule Conservation Research Biologist April 5, 1993 Report for: Land and Water Management Division (CZM Contract 14C-309-3) Prepared by: Michigan Natural Features Inventory Stevens T. Mason Building P.O. Box 30028 Lansing, MI 48909 (517) 3734552 1993-10 F A report of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources pursuant to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Award No. 309-3 BIODWERSITY OF MICHIGAN’S GREAT LAKES ISLANDS Knowledge, Threats and Protection by Judith D. Soule Conservation Research Biologist Prepared by Michigan Natural Features Inventory Fifth floor, Mason Building P.O. Box 30023 Lansing, Michigan 48909 April 5, 1993 for Michigan Department of Natural Resources Land and Water Management Division Coastal Zone Management Program Contract # 14C-309-3 CL] = CD C] t2 CL] C] CL] CD = C = CZJ C] C] C] C] C] C] .TABLE Of CONThNTS TABLE OF CONTENTS I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY iii INTRODUCTION 1 HISTORY AND PHYSICAL RESOURCES 4 Geology and post-glacial history 4 Size, isolation, and climate 6 Human history 7 BIODWERSITY OF THE ISLANDS 8 Rare animals 8 Waterfowl values 8 Other birds and fish 9 Unique plants 10 Shoreline natural communities 10 Threatened, endangered, and exemplary natural features 10 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ON MICHIGAN’S GREAT LAKES ISLANDS 13 Island research values 13 Examples of biological research on islands 13 Moose 13 Wolves 14 Deer 14 Colonial nesting waterbirds 14 Island biogeography studies 15 Predator-prey -
STATE-REGION7 FUTURE Great Lakes Region
STATE-REGION7 FUTURE -'adeavailable under NASA sponsorWip Great Lakes Region in the interc-st of early and wide dis. sominiation of Earth Resources Survey - O Program inforration and without liability for any use m-Ue thereof." ft.14 /, a / 7 1'975 NationalWater Assessment ' E91O3) STAT' -REGIZONAI ]FUTU]RE GR /- N79-30594 ,LAKES REGION: IBM 1975 NIAfIONaL WATEE ,A.SESSHENIT (Great Liakes Basin Comm'ission) , / / / All / Juy 97 iE 1023\t6 •TT-EII c- # - I ~ . 7 NataJaonal Ws STATE-REGIONJ FUTURE Made available under NASA sponsorWip Great Lakes Region Ithe intercst of early and wide dis. ,minat,on of Earth Resources Survey if. - 1 rograril Iqfcrtion and without liability I rany use m-Ude thereof." 4 ~~44of ,~~~ I Irlrf Ii :15 7' 1975 National Water Assessment '(E7~9jI0233) STAT' -REGIONA1 , < PUTU1E GRtEAT t r N79_30594/ LAKES REGION: THI 1975 11fICNAL flER 'ASSESSMENT (Great,ftakes Basin Commission) 119 p A~C A09/MP A01 / ) /"- C\sc/8l / Inclas - /fl" 'G3/43 00233, / / 1 I \ / iiI, I I I II I - - \fj i 1 \ Ii STATE-REGIONAL FUTURE GREAT LAKES REGION 1975 National Water Assessment Great Lakes Basin Commission July 1976 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. INTRODUCTION......................... 1 REGIONAL GOALS ........... ............... .......... 7 LAKE SUPERIOR REGIONAL GOALS . ................. 8 LAKE MICHIGAN REGIONAL GOALS ....... .................... 15 LAKE HURON REGIONAL GOALS ........ ...................... 22 LAKE ERIE REGIONAL GOALS . .............. 25 LAKE ONTARIO REGIONAL GOALS ...... 32 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS........ ..................... 41 LAKE SUPERIOR REGION - ASA 01 ..... .. ..... 43 NORTHWESTERN LAKE MICHIGAN REGION - ASA 02 .... ........... 47 SOUTHWESTERN LAKE MICHIGAN REGION - ASA 03 . 47 EASTERN LAKE MICHIGAN REGION - ASA 04..... ........ .. 47 LAKE HURON REGION - ASA 05 . -
A Data Compilation and Assessment of Coastal Wetlands of Wisconsin's Great Lakes Final Report
A Data Compilation and Assessment of Coastal Wetlands of Wisconsin’s Great Lakes Final Report Authors Eric Epstein, Elizabeth Spencer, Drew Feldkirchner Contributors Craig Anderson, Julie Bleser, Andy Clark, Emmet Judziewicz, Nicole Merryfield, Andy Paulios, Bill Smith Natural Heritage Inventory Program Bureau of Endangered Resources Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources P.O. Box 7921 Madison WI 53707-7921 PUBL ER-803 2002 Copies of this report can be obtained by writing to the Bureau of Endangered Resources at the above address. This publication is available in alternative format (large print, Braille, audiotape, etc) upon request. Please call (608-266-7012) for more information. The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources provides equal opportunity in its employment, programs, services, and functions under an Affirmative Action Plan. If you have any questions, please write to Equal Opportunity Office, Department of Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Funding for this project was provided by the Wisconsin Coastal Zone Management Program. This support is gratefully acknowledged with special thanks to Travis Olson, Department of Administration. A number of individuals conducted inventory work and provided support to complete this project. We would like to extend our thanks to those persons listed below for their assistance. We would also like to extend our appreciation to the private landowners who granted us permission to work on or cross their properties. Data Management/GIS/Graphics Development: Julie Bleser, Natural -
Deep Dive Into Shipwreck Stories Wisconsinshipwrecks.Org
ANSWER KEY WISCONSIN SEA GRANT Deep Dive Into Shipwreck Stories wisconsinshipwrecks.org LESSON SUMMARY FOR TEACHERS Students will use Wisconsin Sea Grant’s wisconsinshipwrecks.org website to learn some of the terms and geography of the Great Lakes, using them to complete a crossword puzzle. They will then search the website for information to answer questions about Wisconsin shipwrecks and Great Lakes attractions. Finally, they will consider what can be learned by studying shipwrecks that may influence life today. Learning Objectives • I can use my reading skills and strategies to identify the correct answers to this internet scavenger hunt. • I can use the layout, tools and organization of an informational website to locate specific information. Great Lakes Literacy Principles Principle 6 The Great Lakes and humans in their watersheds are inextricably interconnected. Principle 7 Much remains to be learned about the Great Lakes. Wisconsin Academic Standards SS.Hist1.a: Use evidence to draw conclusions about probable causes of historical events, issues, and problems. SS.Hist1.b: Use evidence to draw conclusions about probable effects of historical events, issues, and problems. SS.Hist3.c.e Explain how something from the past can affect your life now. RL.4.7 Make connections between the text of a story or drama and a visual or oral presentation of the text, identifying where each version reflects specific descriptions and directions in the text. RL.4.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including those that allude to significant characters found in mythology (e.g., Herculean). RL.4.10 By the end of the year, read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poetry, in the grades 4–5 text complexity band proficiently, with scaffolding as needed at the high end of the range.