VISUAL MORPHOLOGY in DUTCH and FLEMISH COMICS 1 It Ain't
VISUAL MORPHOLOGY IN DUTCH AND FLEMISH COMICS 1 It ain’t much, if it ain’t Dutch: Visual morphology across eight decades of Dutch and Flemish comics Visual morphology in Dutch and Flemish comics Lincy van Middelaar ANR: 305196 Bachelor thesis Communication and Information Science Specialization: Text & Communication Tilburg University, Tilburg Supervisor: dr. N.T. Cohn Second reader: prof. dr. A. A. Maes August 2017 VISUAL MORPHOLOGY IN DUTCH AND FLEMISH COMICS 2 Abstract Comics are well-known for using speech balloons, motion lines and hearts above people’s heads. Amongst others, these visual forms (visual morphemes) belong to the vocabulary of visual languages, which is part of the underlying structure of a visual language. There are different visual languages, such as Japanese Visual Language used in manga and American Visual Language used in superhero comics. Despite the large comic tradition in Europe, the underlying structure of European comics has not been studied much, so the presence of a possible ‘European Visual Language’ or several different visual languages across Europe is unclear. Case studies have studied parts of the vocabulary of visual languages in European comics, but these only described a few morphemes. By examining the vocabulary in a corpus of 80 Dutch and Flemish comic books from the 1940s to the 2010s, this study established a catalogue of 155 different visual morphemes. Furthermore, the results showed a large degree of similarity between Dutch and Flemish comics with minimal variance across both cultures and across time, which implied that they belong to the similar visual language. This catalogue of morphemes could function as a starting point for additional studies on vocabulary of different visual languages.
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