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Title items-in-Disarmament - chronological files - general
Date Created 03/01/1972
Record Type Archival Item
Container S-0905-0001: Political matters - disarmament 1972-1981
Print Name of Person Submit Image Signature of Person Submit . c.v.,\t, £. Hs
OFFICE DES NATIONS UNIES A GENEVE UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT GENEVA
Telegrammes : UNATIONS, GENEVE Palais des Nations Telex : 22.212 ou 22.344 CH - 1211 GENEVE 10 Telephone : 346011 334000 332000 331000 14. April 1972 REF. No : (a rappeler dans la reponse) /W/ J' Personal and Confidential
The present spring session of the CCD is drawing to a close and there is, in fact, a tentative agreement that we should adjourn on April 27th. The summer session will convene about the middle of June. The session so far has been much more active and constructive than at least I dared to expect.
As you will recall, at the close of our conference at the Intercontinental, the Secretary-General was kind enough to say that he hoped that I would soon come for a visit to New York. Consequently, it occurred to me that I could perhaps benefit from our recess to do so. In addition to a general report on the work of the CCD and to obtaining the Secretary-General's instructions for the coming session, it would be of great import for me to have an opportunity to discuss with him i.e. the following specific subjects:
1. Reactions (both public and private) to the Secretary- General's opening statement to the CCD; 2. Situation with regard to the participation of China and France in Disarmament negotiations; 3. Situation with regard to various ideas and proposals concerning the reorganization of the CCD, changes in its practices and procedures, etc, 4. Certain tentative plans of the Co-Chairmen to transfer to the Secretariat some of the functions which have earlier belonged to their exclusive prerogative - notably the drafting of the CCD's report; 5. Certain personnel questions arising out of point 4-J 6. Question of the possible extension of my contract beyond June 30th, 1972.
I would, of course, also take the opportunity to discuss the business of the CCD with Under-Secretary Kutakov and the Disarmament Affairs Division and I should possibly also visit the Disarmament establishment in Washington.
Mr. Anton Prohaska Special Assistant to the Secretary-General United Nations New York, W.Y. Office des Nations Unies a Geneve United Nations Office at Geneva Page 9 With the exception of the first week of May and the first week of June, for which I have previous commitments, I could come at any moment when the Secretary-General could find some time for me.
Should this plan find favour with the Secretary-General, I would be grateful to receive instructions by cable to learn when I should prepare myself to come.
Ilkka Pastinen Special Representative of the Secretary- General for Disarmament X-ZYS44 S GENEVA 305 13 16432=
ETATPRIORITE
UNA!IONS
WEWYORK=
GVA 1315 CONFIDENTIAL FOR SECGEN AND KUTAKOV FROM PASTINEN PAKA AT 55STH MEETING CCD, BULGARIA HADE GENERAL STATEMENT, SWEDEN AND ITALY SPOKE ON CW. LA GUARDIA (ARGENTINA) BADE FAREWELL. PARA TARABANGV CALLED FOR SECURITY THROUGH DISARMAMENT AND URGED ATTAINMENT OF GCD.=
P2/51 =
WDC, OPEN TO ALL STATES, COULD BE TRUE TURNING POINT IN DISARMAMENT NEGOTIATIONS AND PROVIDE NEW IMPETUS FOR CCD. CRITICIZED WESTERN DELEGATIONS FOR TECHNICAL APPROACH AND STRESSED EXPERTS HAD ROLE ONLY AFTER POLITICAL DECISIONS MADE AND SPECIFIC TEXT AVAILABLE. CW BAN COMPLICATED BUT RIPE FOR SOLUTION.:
P3=
CTB ATTAINABLE WITHOUT ON-SITE INSPECTION CLH THRESHOLD AND OTHER PARTIAL MEASURES NO REAL SOLUTION. PARA ECKERBERG WELCOMED BOTH UNISTATES CW WORK PROGRAMME AND SOCIALIST DRAFT CONVENTION. GOAL WAS PROHIBITION OF ALL CW, BUT CCD SHOULD ORGANIZE ITS WORK TOWARDS COMPREHENSIVE TREATY IN STAGES TO MAKE TT wnpjr = P4= MANAGEABLE. ADEQUATE VERIFICATION MEASURES INDISPENSABLE AS LARGE STOCKS OF CW EXISTED TODAY AND MANY NATIONS COULD MANUFACTURE THEM. VERIFICATION ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT' FOR SUPER-TOXIC CHEMICAL
AGENTS HAVING NO CIVILIAN USE, SUCH AS NERVE GASES, MUSTARD ETC., WHICH SHOULD BE SPECIFIED IN CONVENTION. AGENTS HAVING PEACEFUL:
-:' USES COULD BE BANNED WITHOUT DETAILED VERIFICATION AND NATIONAL CONTROL PLUS STATISTICAL REPORTING OF COMPLAINT PROCEDURE, AS IH SOCIALIST CW DRAFT, SUFFICIENT.
V CONTROL AND COMPLAINT FORMULA OF BW CONVENTION NOT SUITABLE FOR CW. SWEDEN'S ASSESSMENT OF By CONVENTION WOULD DEPEND ON WHAT TRANSPIRED IN SECOUNCIL RE
CO
P6/53= ^ COMPLAINTS PROCEDURE. DISAGREED WITH BULGARIA ABOUT ROLE OF — EXPERTS AND INSISTED THAT POLITICAL DECISIONS MUST BE TAKEN WITH-L r-o EXPERT ADVICE. PROPOSED THAT PRECISE AGENDA BE DEFINED AT SPRING SESSION FOR EXPERT MEETINGS AT SUMMER SESSION. PARA CARACCIOLO PROPOSED INFORMAL MEETING ON 2S APRIL TO DISCUSS WORK OF EXPERTS ON CW+
COL 1915 556TH 26+ ACHIEVE SOOU 'COMPREHENSIVE CW AGR'EMENT -VITH ADEQUATE VERIFICATION. KHATTABI SHARED SECGEH'S COKCtRN THAI IF NUCLEAR WEAPON TESTS CONTINUED, FUTURE CREDIBILITY AND VIABILITY = P5 = OF KPT IN JEOPARDY, EVEN EXISTENCE OF CCD IN DOUBT IF SERIOUS NEGOTIATIONS NOT UNDERTAKES ON UNDERGROUND TEST BAH, WHICH DEPENDED ONLY OK POLITICAL DECISION. THRESHOLD SOLUTION NOT HELPFUL
BUT MEASURES OF RESTRAINT OR MORATORIUM ACCEPTABLE WHILE BAB BEING
NEGOTIATED. NON PARTICIPATION OF CHINA =
PS/5 1/50 =
AND FRANCE IN CCD NOT DUE TO FORM AMD PROCEDURES OF CCD. CHANGES IN COMMITTEE'S COMPOSITION, PROCEDURES AND FUTURE ROLE MUST TAKE ACCOUNT OF THEIR VIEWS* CONCERNING CW, WHOSE PRIORITY CAME IMMEDIATELY AFTER CIS, SOCIALIST DRAFT CONVENTION (CCD/3S-) COULD BE TAKEN = E P7/51/50 = ~, AS BASIS OF NEGGTIAIOH. DETAILED TECHNICAL DISCUSSIONS SHOULD _ BE AVOIDED. URGENT UNISTATES TO TRANSLATE ITS WORK PROGRAMME
CCCD/360) INTO CONCRETE PROPOSALS, AS MOROCCO WOULD ABSTAIN
FROM STERILE DISCUSSIONS. RE WDC, CCD SHOULD HAVE IMPORTANT PREPARATORY ROLE AND CONFERENCE SHOULD BE TRULY =
PS/44 = UNIVERSAL, LAHODA URGED ACDEPTANCE OF SOCIALIST DRAFT CONVENTION OH CW. CW BAH MUST BE COMPREHENSIVE WOT PHASED OR PARTIAL*
NO CLEAR BOUNDARY BETWEEN LETHAL AND NOfl-LETHAL AGENTS. NO CONTROL CAN 3E PERFECT 100 PER CENT +
COL CKD + OFFICE DES NATIONS UNIES A GENEVE UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT GENEVA
COMFIEEMTIAL MEMORANDUM
A - TO : His Excellency REF : Mr. Kurt Waldheim Secretary-General
Ilkka Pastinen DE - FROM : GENEVE, 7 April 1972 Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Disarmament
OBJET - SUBJECT . Situation Report No.
I forward herewith for your information "Situation Report No. 4-7" covering the Conference from 29 February to 28 March 1972. SEC/CONFIDENTIAL
Geneva, 4 April 1972
Situation Report No. 47 (29 Februaiy to 28 March 1972)
General 1 The Question of Banning Chemical Weapons 2 Ban on Underground Nuclear Tests 2 Other disarmament measures 4 The Question of Participation of China and France in Disarmament Negotiations 4- Reorganization of the CCD 6 The CGD and a World Disarmament Conference 7 Participation of the FRG and GDR in Disarmament Negotiations 7 Conclusion 7 SEC/CONFIDENTIAL Geneva 4 April 1972
Situation Report No. 47 (29 February to 28 March 1972)
General The opening of the 1972 session of the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament was marked by the address of the Secretary-General, which was very well received by all the members of the Committee and widely covered by the press. It was repeatedly quoted by members of the Committee in their statements, particularly on CTB, GW and the participation of China and France in disarmament negotiations, and had a greater impact than similar statements in the past. By the date of this report, practically all the delegations from East and West and five non-aligned (India, Mexico, Nigeria, Sweden and Yugoslavia) had outlined their positions in the general debate. As expected, two measures received particular attention: (i) a ban on chemical weapons; and (ii) a ban on underground nuclear-weapon tests. It was significant, but not surprising at this stage, that both the United States and the Soviet Union gave the CW ban a higher priority that the CTB. On the other hand, Canada, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Nigeria and Sweden strongly maintained that "highest priority" be given to a CTB, as called for by the General Assembly. Specific attention was also devoted to the question of the participation of China and France in disarmament negotiations and to the reorganization of the CCD. On 28 March, the Soviet Union and its allies submitted a draft Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stock- piling of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction (CCD/361), based on the earlier Socialist initiative on CBW of 1969 and on the provisions of the 1971 Convention on BW. The submission of this new draft convention is likely to make CW the main item for the current spring session. The Question of Banning Chemical Weapons The USSR stated that it hoped the CCD would give priority to CW and make progress towards a convention prohibiting such, weapons. The United States also stressed CW and, in particular, possible methods and - 2 - approaches on verification of a CW ban. It submitted a "Work Program regarding negotiations on prohibition of chemical weapons" (CCD/360), which considered the possible scope of a CW ban and possible stages, the verification question and a number of international organizational aspects. It stressed the need for an approach by stages and the possi- bilities, in the first instance, for a complete ban on halting the production of nerve gases. It is generally felt that the debate on verification of a CW will be long and complex. The Work Programme submitted by the United States mirrors very clearly the complexity of the question. It is likely that the main debate during the current session will be between those who favour the approach of the Socialist States for a complete CW ban, with no more provision for verification than in the BW Convention, and those who favour the United States phased approach, with emphasis on the need and possibilities of verification. Mexico reiterated its proposal embodied in resolution 2827B, by which all States would undertake, pending agreement on the complete prohibition of CW, to refrain from any further development, production or stockpiling of those chemical agents which had the highest lethal effects and could not be used for peaceful purposes. Sweden felt that the CCD should organize its work on CW in stages to make it more manageable and concentrate at first on supertoxic chemical agents having military use only, thus avoiding the problems related to herbicides, tear gases and chemicals used in industry. Sweden*s first choice was, therefore, to proceed quickly to a limited agreement on supertoxic agents. Italy and Japan, supported by the Netherlands, Nigeria, Sweden and Yugoslavia, called for meetings of experts, including experts from the Socialist countries, to deal with the technical aspects of a CW ban. It is likely that one or more such meetings may be held during the summer session. Ban on Underground Nuclear Tests There was wide support for and extensive quotation of the view expressed by the Secretary-General in his address to the CCD, that all the technical and scientific aspects of the problem having been fully explored, only a political decision was now necessary to achieve final - 3 - agreement. Nevertheless, the USSR and the United States gave scant attention to the question of a CTB. The United States suggested that the COD should work toward a better understanding of the key issue of verification. The USSR and its allies continued to insist that the prohibition of underground nuclear weapon tests must be based on national means of detection and identification. The USSR also shifted its emphasis somewhat from an underground test ban to a call for a ban on all tests, including underground tests. Canada, Japan and Sweden saw no reason why the cessation of under- ground testing should be delayed in order to await the adherence of all nuclear-weapon Powers to a comprehensive ban. They argued that the tremendous lead enjoyed by the two super-Powers, gave them the possi- bility and responsibility to promote and achieve an underground test ban. Sweden, together with Canada, Japan and Mexico, insisted that the perennial question of control should really not create insurmount- able difficulties. The understanding of the techniques for seismological monitoring had advanced so far that effective deterrence existed against attempts at clandestine testing. Thus, the verification issue, Sweden argued, could no longer serve as an alibi for the refusal to stop testing. Sweden, therefore, called on the COD to focus attention on its draft treaty of 1971 (CCD/34.8) as a basis for negotiation. Pending a complete ban, Japan urged the two Powers immediately to undertake unilateral or negotiated measures of restraint, and pressed for immediate measures of restraint banning nuclear explosions above magnitude 5.25 which were not detectable. The threshold could be reduced by seismological means to 4..25 in the very near future and be soon followed by further measures. It called on the US and USSR to provide information on verification capabilities of satellites. Transitional measures of restraint were supported by Canada, Italy and Yugoslavia, in addition to Japan, but were opposed by India, Mongolia, Nigeria and Poland as being inadequate. The Netherlands held that a CTB and interim measures could be pursued in parallel. - 4 - Canada and Mexico, supported "by Japan and Nigeria, called for a moratorium on underground tests, while a comprehensive agreement was sought. Several speakers recalled that from 1958 to 1961 a moratorium on tests had been accepted by the United States, the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom, even though verification capabilities were much inferior than at present; this moratorium had not led to a single accusation of violation. Canada, Mexico and Sweden emphasized that, because of the deadlock on the verification issue between the US and the USSR, the HPT was in jeopardy and that the situation thus created must be quickly remedied. Yugoslavia stated that, in the light of present world realities, an early cessation of tests could be successfully approached only in the wider context of nuclear disarmament. Other disarmament measures A number of other possible arms control and disarmament measures were mentioned in the course of the debate. The most significant was, perhaps, the prohibition of the use of nuclear weapons, which was favoured by the Soviet Union and its allies. Romania placed special emphasis on a security -guarantee by the nuclear powers not to use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear powers. Attention was also given, by the Soviet Union and its allies, to the question of European security and to reduction of armed forces in Europe. Mexico spoke at length on the Treaty of Tlatelolco and strongly appealed to China, France and, particularly, the Soviet Union to sign and ratify Protocol II. The latter restated the reasons which prevented it from ratifying the Protocol, but hoped that a satisfactory solution could be worked out. The Question of Participation of China and France in Disarmament Negotiations The statement by the Secretary-General, that it was of paramount importance that China and France be associated with the disarmament negotiations and that serious consideration should be given to this matter in order to ensure the participation of these two powers in such negotiations, was widely echoed in the Committee. - 5 - In its opening speech, on 29 February, the United States made clear that it -would welcome the participation of all nuclear weapon States in arms control and disarmament efforts in a manner satisfactory to all those States and reflecting the interests and concerns of all non-nuclear weapon States as well. Canada, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom indicated, in different terms, that they favoured the participation of China and France in disarmament negotiations. The United Kingdom stressed the Secretary-General's skilful handling of the matter and underlined that extreme caution was needed before changing procedures and practices, so as not to hamper ongoing negotiations. Canada also emphasized that the question was very delicate and must be approached with the utmost tact and discretion. In Canada's words, "let us not stop the bus until we are sure that there are some more passengers to be picked up". Japan expressed appreciation for the Secretary-General's efforts and called on China and France to join the CCD at the earliest possible date and urged the CCD members to start consultations among themselves in order to hasten China's participation. Italy called on the CCD to take the necessary steps to facilitate the participation of China as well as France. The Soviet Union has not yet spoken on this question, but Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Mongolia, Poland all have expressed the hope that it would be possible for China and France to join the disarmament negotiations, mentioning at the same time the necessity to move with extreme caution. Romania emphasized that the first condition for an effective negotiating body was the participation of all countries possessing nuclear weapons and stressed the necessity for the CCD to adopt a new approach emphasizing nuclear disarm- ament. Among the non-aligned, Mexico and Yugoslavia have stressed the need for change in the CCD, among other reasons to facilitate the participation of China and France. India, while favouring their participation, as did Nigeria, warned against destroying a proven forum on the basis of preconceived expectations and wishful anticipation. Yugoslavia, referring to Canada's figure of speech quoted above, invited the Committee to "overhaul this bus" and make it more efficient, so that it would be ready "to pick up new passengers". The Canadian and Yugoslav figures of speech clearly indicate that, although there is a general consensus on the participation of China and France in disarmament negotiations, there is no agreement as to what changes should be made, or when, in order to facilitate their participation. - 6 -
Reorganization of the CCD Apart from the question of the participation of China and France but closely related to it, there is also a feeling among some members, notably Mexico, Romania and Yugoslavia, who had held similar views in the past, that the time was ripe to take some measures to reorganize the CCD. Mexico wanted the CGD to "reflect more faithfully the basic principle of the sovereign equality of States", and Romania urged that the forum for disarmament negotiations should be reorganized "on democratic lines, in accordance with the principle of the equal rights of states". The reorganization, in their view, would achieve a positive, immediate goal, namely, to create favourable conditions for the continued existence of the CCD as a negotiating organ and, in addition, to open the way for all nuclear weapon powers to participate, The main stress was on the question of Chairmanship, on procedures and agenda rather than on the question of composition. Mexico, Romania and Yugoslavia held that the unusual practice of co-chairmanship should be abolished and replaced either by the annual election of a chairman, or by a monthly rotational system. Mexico argued that if the system of annual elections was adopted, the chairman should always be chosen from the non-nuclear States. Mexico also stressed that the Committee Secretariat should participate more fully in preparing the Committee's report. Yugoslavia thought that a more precise agenda for each session should be fixed; that working groups on concrete problems be set up (a measure also favoured by Italy and Romania); that the opportunity be given to non-members of the CCD to present their views and submit proposals; and that a rapporteur be elected and be given the task of preparing the Committee's report, with the assistance of the Secretariat. Romania emphasized the need for a precise agenda to be adopted in accordance with the resolutions of the General Assembly and for due regard for the proposals made by members. A specific programme of work should be adopted for each session based on that agenda. Another essential feature was the adoption of decisions by consensus of all participating States at all stages of negotiation. It favoured the election of a "Bureau" in conformity with normal UN practice. - 7 -
Nigeria stressad the need for a more precise calendar of work and an earlier submission of the Committee's report to the General Assembly.
The GCD and a World Disarmament Conference Several members (Czechoslovakia, India, Italy, Mexico, Mongolia, the Netherlands, Nigeria, Poland, Romania and Yugoslavia) looked forward to the holding of a ¥DC. Czechoslovakia, Italy, Mongolia, Nigeria and Poland, envisaged that the CCD might be engaged in the preparations for a WDC$ Mexico mentioned both the CCD and the Disarmament Commission as possible alternatives. Yugoslavia referred to the possibility that would be offered to all the members of the UN Disarmament Commission of contributing to the preparation of a WDC. Romania stressed the scope and agenda of the Conference, which should deal first and foremost with the elimination of the nuclear threat. India, the Netherlands, Mongolia and Nigeria, stressed that the TOG would be no substitute for the CCD or other small negotiating body. Participation of the FRG and GDR in disarmament negotiations Czechoslovakia, Mongolia and Poland favoured the participation in the CCD of the GDR and FRG together with all the nuclear Powers. The United Kingdom hoped that "Germany", together with China and France, might become associated with the CCD deliberations. The Netherlands expressed the hope that "the German nation" might be represented in the CCD. Conclusion The most concrete development at the spring sessuon of the CCD, prior to its recess which is expected late in April or early in May, may prove to be the submission of the draft convention on CW by the Soviet Union and its allies. It is doubtful, however, whether this draft will command support, beyond its Socialist sponsors. There will undoubtedly be considerable debate about the respective American and Soviet approaches. Little progress is expected on the question of a CTB during this session. Some delegations are looking forward to some movement on this question after the meeting of Soviet and United States Heads of Government in Moscow at the end of May. No specific initiative is likely at this stage concerning the participation of China and France in disarmament negotiations or the re-organization of the CCD. The spring session is, therefore, expected to be mainly a transitional period which will clarify and refine the issues. Concrete progress, if any, may come only after the Moscow talks in May. CONFERENCE OF THE COMMITTEE ON DISARMAMENT - 28 March 1972 ENGLISH Originals RUSSIAN
BULGARIA, CZECHOSLOVAKIA, HUNGARY, MONGOLIA, POLAND, ROMANIA, UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS f Draft Convention on the prohibition of the development, production and stockpiling of chemical weapons and on their destruction
Bulgaria, the_JBy_elorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and the Union of Sovigt_Socialist Republic^
The States Parties to this Convention, Determined to act with a view to achieving effective progress towards general and complete disarmament including first of all the prohibition and elimination of all types of weapons of mass destruction — nuclear, chemical and bacteriological, Convinced that the prohibition of the development, production and stockpiling of chemical weapons and their elimination, through effective measures, will facilitate the achievement of general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control, Convinced of the importance and urgency of.eliminating from the arsenals of States, through effective measures, such dangerous weapons of mass destruction as those using chemical agents, Recalling that the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction affirms the recognized objective of effective prohibition of chemical weapons, Recognizing the important significance of the Geneva Protocol of 17 June 1925 for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, and also the contribution which the said Protocol has already made, and continues to make, to mitigating the horrors of war. Reaffirming their adherence to the principles and objectives of that Protocol and calling upon all States to comply strictly with them,
GE.72-4746 COD/561 Page 2
Recalling that the General Assembly of the United Nations has repeatedly, and particularly in resolution 2827A(-XXVl) of 16 December 1971? condemned all actions contrary to the principles and objectives of the Geneva Protocol of 1? June 1925s Desiring to contribute to the strengthening of confidence between peoples and the general improvement of the international atmosphere, I Desiring also to contribute to the.realization of the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, Determined, for the sake of all mankind, to exclude completely the possibility of chemical agents being used as weapons. Convinced that such use would be repugnant to the conscience of mankind and that no effort should be spared to minimize this risk. Have agreed as follows; AETICLE_1 Each State Party to this Convention undertakes never in any circumstances to develop, produce, stockpile or otherwise acquire or retains (1) Chemical agents of types and in quantities that have no justification for peaceful purposes °, (2) Weapons, equipment or means of delivery designed to use such agents for hostile purposes or in armed conflict. ARTICLE II Each State Party to this Convention undertakes to destroy, or to divert to peaceful purposes, as soon as possible but not later than months after the entry into force of the Convention, all chemical agents, weapons, equipment and means of delivery specified in Article I of the Convention which are in its possession or under its jurisdiction or control. In implementing the provisions of this Article all necessary safety precautions shall be observed to protect populations and the environment. ABTI_CLE_ III Each State Party to this Convention undertakes not to transfer to any recipient whatsoever, directly or indirectly,, and not in any way to assist, encourage, or induce any State, group of States or international organizations to manufacture or otherwise acquire any of the agents, weapons, equipment or means of delivery specified in Article I of the Convention. CCD/361 page 3
ARTICLE IV Each State Party to this Convention shall, in accordance with its constitutional processes, take any necessary measures to prohibit and prevent development, production, stockpiling, acquisition or retention of the agents, weapons, equipment and means of delivery specified in Article I of the Convention, within the territory of such State, under its jurisdiction or under its control anywhere. ARTICLE V The States Parties to the Convention undertake to consult one another and to co-operate in solving any problems which may arise in relation to the objective of, or in the application of the provisions of, this Convention. Consultation and co-operation pursuant to this Article may also be undertaken through appropriate international procedures within the framework of the United Nations and in accordance with its Charter. ARTICLE VI (1) Any State Party to the Convention which finds that any other State Party is acting in breach of obligations deriving from the provisions of this Convention may lodge a complaint with the Security Council of the United Nations. Such a complaint should include all possible evidence confirming its validity, as well as a request for its consideration by the Security Council. (2) Each State Party to the Convention undertakes to co-operate in carrying out any investigation which the Security Council may initiate, in accordance with the provisions of the United Nations Charter, c~i the basis of the complaint received by the Council. The Security Council shall inform the States Parties to the Convention of the results of the investigation. ARTICLE VII Each State Party to the Convention undertakes to provide or support assistance, in accordance with the United Nations Charter, to any Party to the Convention which so requests, if the Security Council decides that such Party has been exposed to danger as a result of violation of this Convention. ARTICLE VIII Nothing in this Convention shall be interpreted as in any way limiting or detracting from the obligations assumed by any State under the Geneva Protocol of 17 June 1925 for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, as well as under the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction. ecu/361 page 4
ARTICLE IX (1) The States Parties to the Convention undertake to facilitate, and have the right to participate in, the fullest "possible exchange of equipment, materials and scientific and technological information for the use of chemical agents for peaceful purposes. Parties to the Convention in a position to do so shall also co-operate in contributing individually or together with other States or international organizations to the further development and application of scientific discoveries in the field of chemistry for 'peaceful purposes. (2) This Convention shall be implemented in a manner designed to avoid hampering the economic or technological development of States Parties to the Convention or international co-operation in the field of peaceful chemical activities, including the international exchange of chemical age'nts and equipment for the processing, use or production of chemical agents for peaceful purposes in accordance with the provisions of this Convention. '.'•'.-...'. ; ARTICLE X Any State Party may propose amendments to this Convention. Amendments shall enter into force for each State Party accepting the amendments upon their acceptance by a majority of the States Parties to the Convention and thereafter for each remaining State Party on the date of acceptance by it of the amendments. AETICLE XI Five years after the entry into force of this Convention, or earlier if it is requested by a majority of Parties to the Convention by submitting a proposal to this effect to the Depositary Governments, a conference of States Parties to the Convention shall be held at Geneva, Switzerland, to review the operation of this Convention, with a view to assuring that the purposes of the. preamble and the provisions of the Convention are being realized. Such revie\-7 shall take into account any new scientific and technological developments relevant to this Convention. AETICLE XII (1) This Convention shall be of unlimited duration. (2) Each State Party to this Convention shall in exercising its national sovereignty have the right to withdraw from the Convention if it decides that extra- ordinary events, related to the subject matter of this Convention, have jeopardized the-supreme interests of its country. It shall give notice of such withdrawal to all other States Parties "to the Convention and to the United Nations Security Council three months in advance, Such notice shall include a statement of the extraordinary events it regards as having jeopardized its supreme interests.' Taking into account these present difficulties, and also the desirability of calling a first meeting of the group of experts as soon as possible, you may wish to consider to personally^consult with the two Chairmen (Nepal and Turkey) respectively of ~the"Jlsian regional group ahcPthe group of Western European and other States, with a view to stimulate the urgent consideration by these groups of the present situation regarding the preparation of the report. CCD/361 page 5
ARTICLE XIII (1) This Convention shall be open to all States for signature. Any State which does not sign the Convention before its entry into force in accordance with paragraph (3) of this Article may accede to it at any time. (2) This Convention shall be subject to ratification by signatory States. Instruments of ratification and instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Governments of which are hereby designated the Depositary Governments. (3) This Convention shall enter into force after the deposit of the instruments of ratification by Governments, including the Governments designated as Depositaries of the Convention. (4) For States whose instruments of ratification or accession are deposited subsequent to the entry into force of this Convention, it shall enter into force on the date of the deposit of their instruments of ratification or accession. (5) The Depositary Governments shall promptly inform all signatory and acceding States of the date of each signature, the date of deposit of each instrument of ratification or of accession and the date of the entry into force of this Convention, and of the receipt of other notices. (6) This Convention shall be registered by the Depositary Governments pursuant to Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations. ARTICLE XIV This Convention, the Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts of which are equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the Depositary Governments. Duly certified copies of this Convention shall be transmitted by the Depositary Governments to the Governments of the signatory and acceding States. In witness whereof the undersigned, duly authorized, have signed this Convention.
Done in copies at , : » this day of , • CONFIDENTIAL Draft 10 March 1972
Dear Mr. Nixon: It was with great satisfaction that I learned you will be having a meeting with the Soviet leaders in Moscow in the latter part of May 1972 to review all major issues with a view toward further improving bilateral relations between the United States and the Soviet Union and enhancing the projects of world peace. I would like to take advantage of the opportunity thus provided to bring to your attention and to the attention of the Soviet leaders a matter which has been of great concern to all members of the world community and to me personally. I refer to the question of achieving & comprehensive nuclear test ban agreement or, more specifically, a treaty to ban all underground nuclear weapon tests. As you are aware, the United Nations has been discussing this matter ever since Prime Minister Nehru first proposed a halt to nuclear weapon tests in 1954- Resolutions calling urgently for an end to all nuclear weapon tests have been adopted at virtually every session of the General Assembly since 1957. No other question in the field of disarmament has been the subject of such extensive study and discussion. I believe that all the technical and scientific aspects of the problem have been so fully explored that only a political decision is necessary in order to achieve final agreement. I detect a growing feeling amongst the nations of the world that an underground test ban is the single most important measure, and perhaps the only feasible one within the near future, to halt the nuclear arms race as regards its qualitative aspects. There is also a widespread feeling that the lost opportunities that have existed in the past for reaching agreement should not be repeated, and that the question can and should be solved now. Arguments have been put forward that an underground test ban by the Soviet Union and the United States must depend upon success or substantial progress in the bilateral Strategic Arms Limitation Talks between the Soviet Union and the United States. Others have argued that the reverse is true. According to unofficial reports, these talks have been mainly concerned with the quantitative rather than the qualitative aspects of the nuclear arms race. There is a growing belief that an agreement to end all underground testing, which has far exceeded the number and rate of previous testing in the atmosphere, would facilitate the achievement of agreements at SALT on qualitative as well as quantitative limitations to - 2 - the nuclear arms race. It might also facilitate agreement on reducing and not merely on establishing limits to the number of existing nuclear weapon systems. While I recognize that differences of views concerning the effectiveness of seismic methods of detection and identification of underground nuclear tests still remain, experts of the highest standing believe that it is now, or soon will be, possible to identify all such explosions down to the level of a few kilotons. Even if one or two such tests could be conducted clandestinely, it is most unlikely that a series of such tests could escape detection. Moreover, it may be questioned whether there would be much military significance to tests of such small magnitude. When one takes into account other existing national means of verifi- cation and the possibilities provided by international procedures of verification such as consultation, inquiry, and what has come to be known as "verification by challenge" or "inspection by invitation", it would seem that the possible risks of an agreement for an underground test ban would be small indeed. It is, moreover, questionable whether new information of much military significance about nuclear weapon design can be obtained through further testing, and whether for the foreseeable future there are any important strategic reasons for continuing such tests. Recently, a new argument has been raised that continued testing is necessary to ensure the reliability of existing weapons. Such "confidence testing" could presumably go on without end. But if such tests were halted, even if this were to result in some deterioration in the reliability of nuclear weapons, this would apply more or less equally to the very large stockpiles of both the Soviet Union and the United States and there are probably other ways of taking this into account; there would therefore be no substantial change or threat to the nuclear strategic balance. Many governments regard the cessation of underground nuclear weapon tests by the Soviet Union and the United States as proof of the intention of the two governments to live up to the moral and political obligations they have undertaken in the Preamble to the Moscow Test Ban Treaty of 1963 and the legal obligations under Article VI of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons of 1968. A number of governments are also convinced that the ending of such tests might provide some inducement to the two nuclear powers which are not parties to the Moscow Test Ban Treaty at least to reduce the number of their nuclear weapon tests and eventually to stop them entirely. - 3 -
I feel confident that the moral and political consequences that would follow from a decision by the Soviet Union and the United States to halt all nuclear weapon tests could have a beneficial effect on the possibilities of halting all tests by everyone, everywhere. In any case, it appears to have become customary to include in arms limitation treaties provisions for withdrawal and for holding review conferences; these would provide additional safeguards in case any country considered its vital interests were affected or threatened. As you are aware, considerable disquiet has been generated by the recent underground nuclear tests, reportedly of several megatons, conducted by the Soviet Union in Novaya Zemlya and by the United States in Amchitka. Indeed, there appears to be widespread and growing dissatisfaction by non- nuclear weapon states with the failure of the nuclear powers to stop nuclear weapon tests. At its recent 26th session, the General Assembly adopted three resolutions, in stronger and more specific language than ever before, calling for a halt to all nuclear weapon tests at the earliest possible date. A comprehensive test ban treaty would strengthen the Treaty on the Non- Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. It would be a major step towards halting what has been called "vertical proliferation", that is, the further sophisti- cation and deployment of nuclear weapons, and it would also strengthen the resolve of potential nuclear weapon states not to acquire nuclear weapons and thereby help to prevent the "horizontal proliferation" of such weapons. On the other hand, if nuclear weapon tests by the nuclear powers continue, the future credibility and perhaps even the viability of the Non-Proliferation Treaty may be jeopardized. I need not describe the greatly increased dangers that would confront the world in such event. In the light of all these considerations, it would seem clear that the potential risks of continuing underground weapon tests would far outweigh any possible risks from ending such tests. I am bringing these considerations to your attention in the hope that your forthcoming meeting may provide a renewed opportunity for you to review the question at this time, so that it might be possible for your Government and the Government of the /Soviet Union/ to agree at your meeting in Moscow to concentrate on the achievement of a complete cessation of all nuclear weapon tests. My predecessor has appealed publicly to the Soviet Union and the United States to announce that they would concentrate on achieving a f
comprehensive test ban in 1972. I would now like to appeal privately to both Governments to endeavour to take such decisions during their bilateral talks as would ensure the achievement of an underground test ban at the earliest possible date in 1972, and perhaps to announce at their meeting in May their agreement, at least in principle, to this effect. I am sending a similar letter to ^Premier Alexsei N. Kosygin/. I take this opportunity, Mr. ^/President^, to extend to you the renewed assurances of my highest consideration. OFFICE DES NATIONS UNIES A GENEVE UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT GENEVA
Telegrammes : UNATIONS, GENEVE Palais des Nations Telex : 22.212 on 22.344 CH - 1211 GENEVE 10 Telephone : 346011 334000 332000 331000 /$&
REF. No : (a rappeler dans la reponse) /*•" 10 March 1972
PERSONAL AND CONFIDENTIAL
Dear Mr. Secretary-General, Thank you very much for the very kind invitation you extended to me in Geneva to write or telephone you at any time. I am accordingly taking advantage of your kindness, and sending this letter in order to bring to your attention a matter which is of great importance as regards disarmament and could also be of great importance regarding the role of the Secretary-General and the image of the United Nations. When I saw you in New York, I left with you the draft of a possible letter from the Secretary-General to Premier Kosigin and President Nixon concerning an underground nuclear weapon test "ban""""AT~the-efid--ef—Qctober, 1971, U Thant had approved in principle the idea of sending the letter, but unfortunately took ill and went to hospital. When he returned, he had some doubts and in any case felt that it was too late for him to send the letter in his official capacity; he suggested that the matter should be left to the incoming Secretary-General or that he might himself send it in his capacity as a private citizen. However, I thought it might be better to leave the matter until the incoming Secretary-General would have an opportunity to consider whether he wished to send the letter. Your statement at the opening of the resumed session of the CCD, in which you placed main emphasis on the problem of an underground test ban, made a very good impression on the members of the CCD and also received good coverage in the world press. There is the usual problem, however, that the impact of the statement will wear off with the passage of time and that it will not in any case be brought to the attention of the Heads of Government of the two main powers. Moreover, both the Soviet Union and the United States indicated in their statements at the first meeting of this session that they wished to give priority not to the question of a test ban, but to the question of the complete prohibition of chemical weapons. I recognize that there are serious problems of principle involved that must be carefully weighed. It is quite possible that the Soviet Union and the United States might not be favourably disposed to this initiative by the Secretary-General. I know of no other way, however,
His Excellency Kurt Waldheim Secretary-General United Nations New York, N.Y. - 2 - Office des Nations Unies a Geneve - United Nations Office at Geneva Page
to ensure that this important question will be brought to the personal attention of Mr. Kosigin and Mr. Nixon. Moreover, there have been previous occasions where the Soviet Union and the United States were at first somewhat unhappy about an initiative by the Secretary-General, e.g. the Soviet Union as regards the suggestion of the Secretary-General for an expert report on the effects and implications of nuclear weapons, and the United States concerning the Secretary-General's suggestion in the Foreword to the experts report on CBW that the General Assembly should affirm that the use of all chemical weapons, including tear gas, was banned. Nevertheless, in each case, after the passage of some time, the representatives of the two powers subsequently acknowledged in private the usefulness of the Secretary-General's initiative. I would hope that the same might be true in the present case. While the letters from the Secretary-General would be private and confidential, it is obvious that they would, in due course, leak out or be deliberately leaked from the side of the addressees. This might not be a bad thing. It is likely that almost all of the non-nuclear and smaller powers, both non-aligned and allies of the nuclear powers, would welcome such an initiative on the part of the Secretary-General, as they did your statement on 29 February. It is also clear that the members of the public would welcome such an initiative by the Secretary-General as showing both boldness and vision. I also find it difficult to believe that China and France would be unhappy about any suggestion of the Secretary-General intended to curb the unending vertical proliferation of nuclear weapons by the two super-powers. It is quite likely that, at the present time, neither the Soviet Union nor the United States is disposed to stop underground nuclear testing, which would put an effective brake on the further sophistication and qualitative improvement of their nuclear weapons. I think that the time is soon coming, if it has not already arrived, however, where they will find their traditional arguments, which have caused a deadlock for some eight years, to be untenable. The old arguments about the need or absence of need for on-site inspection, are becoming outworn and no longer carry conviction even for the two powers themselves. Moreover, there are some hints and indications that each of the two is having another look at its traditional position with a view to seeing whether some forward movement might not be made in order to escape from the deadlock. I have no way of knowing whether such forward movement might be sufficient to lead to an agreement on an underground test ban, but I do have a feeling that some progress on the part of each of the two super-powers is in order, and may be expected perhaps even during the present year. Such a movement could be made as a result of an understanding reached at the summit meeting in Moscow in May, either independently of, or as part of some package resulting from the SALT discussions; it might also come at some later stage prior to the United States elections (perhaps at the General Assembly); or it could Office des Nations Unies a Geneve - United Nations Office at Geneva Page -.3 ~
be delayed until next year. But of one thing I feel certain, namely, / that one or both of the parties must make some new move in connexion with an underground test ban in the near future. 'Kn initiative by * the Secretary-General might very weXX "serve to hasten such a move. It would, at the very least, help to .break the long deadlock and to activate serious negotiations on the ^uFJ'ectT"""' " In any case, whether the suggestion of the Secretary-General succeeds or not, his initiative and proposal would be right in itself. The two nuclear super-powers already possess so much over-kill that any further sophistication and development of their nuclear arsenals would be a form of sophisticated insanity. I feel sure that if you should decide to take an initiative along the lines suggested, it would redound to the credit of the Secretary-General. If the initiative should in any way be successful, it would constitute something of a breakthrough in the role of the Secretary-General, and might open the door to other initiatives in the future. On the other hand, even if the initiative should fail, in the sense that it is not crowned with immediate or early success, I think it would still be to the credit of the Secretary-General because the initiative would be right, and because sooner or later, it would be bound to succeed. Moreover, it might help to enhance the image of the United Nations and of the Secretary-General. I am, accordingly, enclosing herewith, a re-draft of a possible letter to the two Heads of Government and hope that you will find it possible to give it your serious consideration. If you are interested in taking such a major initiative, I think that now is the proper time. If the initiative is to have some effect for the purpose of the forthcoming summit meeting in Moscow, it would, of course, be necessary that it be sent at an early date, so that the proposal could be studied thoroughly in the two capitals. Whether you find my suggestion acceptable or not, I hope you will consider it as being put forward in the best interests of the United Nations, of the Secretary-General and for the advancement of the subject. In view of the sensitivity of the subject matter, and on U Thant's suggestion, I have not discussed this idea with anyone, except him and Mr. Narasimhan last October and with you last month. I trust that you found your visit to South Africa useful and productive. With warm personal regards and best wishes, cxV c»t.tfuo<3, c*. O, . Mr. Hennig AP/I3
New York, 18 February 1972
Bear
Oa 'cehEtLT of the Secretary-General I take pleasure :ln acknowledging receipt of your kind letter dated 4 PeTarosyy 1972 as vrell as tlxe enclosures. The Secretary-General is most grateful to you for keeping him inf Ojmed of yciir thinking on disarmament ond scatters related to it, lie appreciates your continued support of the United nations, With kind regards.,
Anton. Prdhaska Special /as to the Seeret-arjA-General
Captain Leonard Larsen U.S.M.H. -^Retired Egersundsgata- ITo. 3 4000 Starvsaiger UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES
INTEROFFICE MEMORAN/)U MEMORANDUM 1NTERIEUR Mr. Kurt Waldheim TO: DATE: l6 February 1972 A: The Secretary-Gene/
REFERENCE:
THRQUSH: S/C DE:
FROM: C. A. Stavropoulos DE: The Legal Counsel
OBJET- Meeting with Ambassador Malik
1. I suspect that Ambassador Malik, in making an appointment to see you today, intends to discuss not the Markelov case, but the rather complex question of the "all States" formula appearing in General Assembly resolution 2833 (XXVI) on the World Disarmament Conference. He discussed this matter with me yesterday. 2. I attach a copy of a memorandum on this subject which I submitted to Mr. Kutakov on l.k February and which gives the whole history of the matter. I hope you have the opportunity to read it before seeing Ambassador Malik.
3. When I saw Ambassador Malik yesterday, he took the peculiar position that there had been no agreement whatsoever, and that the resolution must be sent to "all States" and that we must receive replies from "all States" for direct inclusion in the report to the General Assembly. I told him, however, that I saw no alternative but to follow the "Vienna Formula" (i.e. Member States and States members of the specialized agencies and the IAEA) which has been applied with very few exceptions in the past when the Secretariat has had to interpret an "all States" formula. JFS/bf Mr. L. 8. ICistekov ^ for Petemry 197g Political aiaS Security Council Affairs
0. A. Sfc&vropoulos The Legsl Counsel General Assembly resoltition 2833 (XXVI ) on the World Disarmament
1. *Shan& you for yotsr i»@B3Qran&*sa of SI Janw&ry 1972 concerning the question of the States to which General Assembly resolution 2835 (XXVI), on the World DisarraaiReist Conf erase®, should be transmitted. I am afraM that this scatter,, se explained below, has turnedt out to be more complex tfean ve had originally expected. 2. It is indeed tra© that, ^feen the draft vhieh became resolution 2855 (XXVI)
kt Itoe legal adviser of the Uhited States Mission came to see sie subsequently, to tell m& that Ambassador Leonard had agreed that the Seeretary-<3eseral should follow the usual practice ia this case, vhieh wnd©rsto 5. In vi«vr of these differences o^ interpretation of the supposed understanding, I contested Ambassador Gsrcia Robles. He told m© that the ujsderstanding had bgen that the SecretarsMSeueyal vcmld teal with tfcts "thing" as he has dealt vith siisilar eases in the past. Be believed this to mean circulation weld l>© li&tited to Member States, bust he addet that this ted not been spelt out to Mfeassadors Leonard BS& Roshctein. 6. In tfes light of the above * I tore no doubt tbat there «as a genuine si spader staM ing as to what bai "been agreed. Ambassador Garcia Robles vas not correet in 'wttst he considered to &e United Hations practice. Where resolutions refer to wall States" the consistent policy - vitti perhaps ore? or tvo exceptions at jsost ansl those sweral years ago - has "been to transmit those resolutions to the States coding within the "V&gai&J&i^n^*" Thi® policy was decides upon after much thought isnsi refleetioWT lC*mi"eoueM@red that, as the Secretary- Gsaeral teas coasietently takea th© position that he cannot determine all the entities coming within a« "all Sfe&tes*' formula, vithotst an express list fross the Aseeabiy, the cloeest approKisation would bs to «s^ ths "Vienna Formula" which was the ueual formula (ffliaployed by the (Jeneral Asseaibly. ?. Mhile the general p^ctioe is the one described above, I discovered on reviewing the matter further, that in a msmoraiKlura of 5 ^sbruary 19T1 to the Secretary-General on the transmission of disarsssKent resolutions, you had indicated that, prior to 1971, it had not be«u the practice to send such resolutions fonsally to States. Instead thes® resolutions wre transmitted to the various disarraament bodies either for action or for information. Last year, however, this practice was abaisienei!, the Secretary-General agreeing, with yotar reeomEenciatian that "all resoltztions which contain any paragraph addressed to States eijould be fotmlly traassiittsd vith a covering note." I nov -understaM that such resolutions wer« sent G?&y to Member States, unless the "Fienrai Fonaiaa*5 was expressly spelt out. Ifeis «as thoijght to be in teplesentetion of l^». Bar&slsjhants aemcarandtuiti of 15 Itovesiber 1966 (OR cm the proeedyre to be foUowed IK transmitting resolutions, l^e-re m*st thus have 'been sors® misun€®ratatBliBg, the usual practice in interpreting an "all States" formula is this context feeing that described in paragraph 6 above* 8. A© regards General Assembly resolution 2033 (XX?I), &nd having in Mind the faet that no real tmderstanding was reached, ^s are faced witli three choices! to circulate it to ivferober States only, to eend it to States coming within the "Vienna Formila^, or to revert to the practice folioudd in respset of disarE^raent resolutioas priop to 1971 and not to transmit it to States. 9. I do not fe@li@ve that the first alternative should be followed, ss ther© -Kae clesrly ®o tmdersttxMing to this effect &ad as Ambassador Leonana's impression of tha "usual practice" vee is f^,et cloeest to the truth. 10. The third alternative, that ©f not tran^sitting the resolxrtion, cotil^ in ay view give riea to great diffiextlties. ly July of this year the Secretsr^^General will have to prepare in document fona a c-<»npilation of replies frcssj ^ates on. th« ew&jeet matter cxf reselxition 2833 (XX?I). In the li^ht of pest expsrieKce, there can be little doubt that the German Desoeratie Bepwblic will submit a reply directly. A decision vill t&en Jiave to be imde OR hew to handle that reply. If it ie included in the Secretary-General'! -3- report vithcut any qualification, the strongest protests frosa what still constitutes a m^ca-ity of Member States will fee fortfeeo&ing. If, on ths other hand, the GDK is required to subait its reply through a Member Stats, it will ttxtoobta&ly do so. the question tten arises of hot? to handle a reply fr&m the Federal Bepubiie otf Germcy. IT this is included directly in the CQEJpilation there will be protests abowt th© difference of treatment accorded to the 6DB. If it i® required t;hat tfe® Federal R^ptjblie's reply be s^ibsitted through a, Mealssi* State it will refuse to eoiaply. It has sot been so required is the past In tfc® case of resoltstions referring to "all States", as it is a State coming vithin the "Vienna 2brmiaia% and it vill tlms icsist that practice fee follows, i^atever the Sseretsrlat vere to decide, disagreeable resalts would 11. It is therefore ©y suggest i^j tfsat we follow the second alternative, and transmit resoli^fcioa J?833 (^VI) to States ceasing vjthia the "Vienna brjmla.'' This most closely approsteates to an "all States" it accords with past practice In regard to the traaessissiem of resolutions generally i«feic!i contain ®»ch a clause. T^hile some protest w& be aaticij^ted,, WQ Jssve many precedents on wJiieh to rely. Of all the alternatives, this appears i to be tfea t»ie t^rich ^fill give rise to least I 12. S&ewld the GDH be edsitted to a specialised agency ia the course of $ I the year, the resolution walcl natijrally be transmitted to it at that tiase. Bven if it is not atoittad t© a specialised ageacy, it will be possible, in line vith tfce wstial practice, to issue ai^ reply it say een3 through a J-fember t»A-,4.» fcjt&t^ . •'-'- '"— ——-"••• -.-—; - ---- UNITED NATIONS f NATIONS UNIES' ^Siij^' INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM ' MEMORANDUM 1NTERIEUR TO: DATE: ^ February 1972 A; The Secretary-General REFERENCE: THROUGH: S/C DE: i /-, \ ''• / - FROM: k. N- Kutakov, Under-Secretary-General for DE: Political and Security Council Affairs \ SUBJECT: ."*'•'--*.__ Report of the Secretary-General on napalm and other \ •> ' incendiary weapons _ Further to my memorandum to you of 2k January, I wish to report the following developments . Among the permanent members of the Security Council, the United Kingdom has also now advised that it is not able to nominate a consultant expert to assist in the preparation of the above report. The USSR is still awaiting instructions. Among the Western delegations, the Netherlands has also advised that it is unable to nominate an expert or participate in the preparation of the report. Italy has not yet received instructions. Among the Socialist States, Bulgaria and Mongolia said that they were not in a position to nominate an expert. V/e are still waiting to hear from Czechoslovakia and Poland. Among the non-aligned States, Argentina, Brazil,, Ethiopia and Yugoslavia are not in a position to nominate an expert or participate. The Government of Pakistan agrees in principle to participate, subject to its being able to find an expert on the subject and it is now engaged in seeking one. We are still waiting to hear from Burma, Egypt, India, Morocco and Higeria, although it is not likely that Morocco would be able to nominate an expert. The situation therefore is that three delegations (Mexico., Romania and Sweden) have definitely accepted and will nominate an expert as soon as formally requested to do so, and Pakistan has agreed in principle. We are still waiting to hear from nine other t-iarnbers of the CCD who have not yet replied. It seems likely that only a few of these, at most, will be able or willing to participate. Accordingly, it would seem worthwhile to begin approaching other delegations and, in the first place, those who co-sponsored the draft resolution who are not members of the CCD. These are Austria, Chile, Ecuador, Ireland, Kenya, Norway and Peru. I would request your approval to approach these delegations with a view to ascertaining whether they would be willing to nominate an expert. PAGE owis ' , "TOWARDS PEACE ON EARTH' "Mtt&kmd must put an end to war before loar puts an end to mankind. My fellow inhabitants of this planet, let us see if loe in our time can move the world towards a just and lasting peace.^FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY "72V GOD WE TRUST" Captain Leonard Larsen nrrr>m cr'o U.S.M.M.-Retired HtUr'Lh b Egersundsgata No. 3 WORID DISARMAMENT CRUSADE Stavanger,Norway. 4000 -v- -v- U. S. A. "It is no longer enough to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now we must "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" Q PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON $• ~—' I TRUTH" Hon. Dr. Kurt Waldheim ^^«-«~.--~—*—— • Secrstary-G-eneral-The United Nations ~" (A/A/ New York,N.Y.• U.S.A. February L, 1972. ! , Dear Secretary-G-eneral waldheimt Please allow me first to express my deep gratitude for the response' from your office in reply to"my Christmas message which I sincerely trust you have seriously considered as a signific- ant challenge to the United Nations to launch a Global Drop-ram and GgUg^BS. "TO SAV3 SUCCEEDING GENERATIONS gROivi T:aE_SCQUR.(5S J3F_lAHii. the high and most noble resolve and dedication" for ""which it was. first conceived and instituted,over 25 years ago* The "dictates of conscience and common enlightened intelligence, must indicate above all, that anything short of "WOHLD DISA?J-L^£SIT~" will fail,and continue to fail,as the course of history has proven beyond a shadow of a doubt. It is written in the Holy script",that "He who lives by the sword will perish by the sword,," Once mighty Empires now lie covered in oblivion,by the dust of the centuries for their tragic failure to realize and accept this j_nf inite JTRUTFIo We are no exception,and will follow them into oblivion if we-continue to live in a_dl yided V/orid,madly armed to the teeth with Nuclear missiles, and HELL-BENT towards mutual human extinction* This is the suoreme hard reality and _gRUTH of our age which we are compelled to face es a so called civilized Society,and take immediate and definite con- structive action to avoido There was one thing I noticed above all as you sooke on tele- vision in your acceptance speech,as Secretary-General, and that was, your deep determination to become a man of action,to show results,and give all Mankind some assurance and hope for peace and future survivalc continued: Conceived and dedicatee! to mobilize the people's moral and spiritual power for pence, inherent in all truly civilized people the world over. .... to help arid inspire a "LjV_E AMD HHIP UVE^ International Policy by e.\\ nations. Beninnincj at the grass-roots level and working together to build "THE GREAT SOCiHTV OF MANKIND" by word and deed in a common global effort to abolish forever the scourge of war as resol- ved by the United Nation's charter. "No more war, war never again" POPE PAUL vr "The certainty is here that ice can eliminate ivar from the face of the earth." "The cause of peace needs God." FORMER v. s. PRESIDENT DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. PAGE TWO " ~ " "" ~" capt,ain Leonard Larsen • fr 'TOWARDS PEACEJ3NJABTH, "Mcgikind must put an end to war before war puts an end to mankind. My fellow inhabitants of this planet, let us see if we in our time can move the world towards just and lasting peace." FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY "IN GOD WE TRUST" PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE # # U. S. A. . "It is no longer enough to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now we must "L1VE_AND_ HELP_LIVE>\ Q PRESIDENT BICHARD M. NIXON ft ' ' continued; This seemingly, most Impossible task and goal which the UNITED NATIONS is struggling to achieve, is the sup r erne Vmost solemn, duty and responsib- ity of your High off ice, as secretary-General,, president Nixon in his acceptance speech for nomination as the 3?th president of the United States, expressed this most eloquent and deep convict ion, when he stated for America and all the world to note,..." without GOD'S HBL?, and your help, we will surely fail; with GOD'S KELP and your~H5lp;'l LEfe people) we shall surely succeed." ~~ ~ Upon this deep, imperishable conviction, America was first conceived and instituted, "UNDER GOD". It has been the source of her greatness, her high ideals and principles , which have inspired many Nations to fol- low her example., The tragic mis'take of the united Nations, was in its, :_total failure to emulate America when this V/orld unity of Nations was first conceived and instituted at San Francisco,, " jj\T GOD T.V3S ._TRUS.T." i is far .more than a mere Rational motto. ;jnerica v/as"founded upon this infinite "pTecept. It has been the source of her strength, her greatness, and she will continue to endure as long as she follows in her faith and trust in GOD, above all else «... And I don't mean a GOD of any particular re- ligion or Creed, but a GOD, who is LOVE, the source of all life, and through whose power the whole Universe moves and has it's being, from the far- thest star in the heavens, down to every invisible cell in the human body and all life upon this Planet which we live* The acceptance of this imperishable JTRUTHj is the beginning of wisdom, and can lead all Mankind out of the darkness of this black hour, into the dawn of a_NEW RAj beyond our wildest dreams „ I would stake my life upon this undying" "c"onviction,v/hic" h I have arrived at after almost 34 years of impact with the power of GOD in my own life, through both V/ORLD WARS and witnessing j first hand the soul-searing conditions of human life the 7/0 rid over j during my many years at sea, I have a deep, LOVE COMPELLING,.motivatio n | born out of this human experience, that will never die as long as I live j on this side of Eternity. j I owe ray Fellowmsn a deep debt of eternal gratitude that I can never i hope to fully repaj^for everyman has made it possible for me to live, J •contributed" to some degree, large or small LO sustain my life on Zurth. . j — — _= — - —_ _ ._ .== i Conceived and dedicated to mobilize the people's moral and spiritual power for peace, inherent in al! truly civilized people the v;or!d over, • .... to help and inspire a "UVE AND HEJ.P LIVE" International Policy by all nations. Beginning at the grass-roots lave! and working together ! to build "THE GREAT SOCIETY OF MATJK5ND" by word and deed in a common global effort to abolish forever the scourge of war as resol- i ved by the United Nation's charter. ______: "No more war, war never again" POPS PAUI, vi i "The certainty is here that we can eliminate war from the face of the earth." \ "The cause of peace needs God." FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT BWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. j PACID 3 Leonard Larsen '...'.• . "TOWARDS_PEACE ON EARTH" "Mankind must put an end to war before war puts an end to mankind. My fellow inhabitants of this planet, let us see if ive in our time-can move the ivorld towards a just and lasting: peace."FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY "IN GOD WE TRUST" PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE V V u. s. A. "It is no longer enough to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now we must "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" •$. PRESIDENT KICHAJRD M. NIXON ' After my gruesome experience in V/or3.d War Two,where I served on U.S. Army troopships,carrying troops to combat areas in the South Pacific, the horrors I witnessed, mads me more determined than ever, that as long, as I lived I would dedicate iny life with GOD'S help to wipe out this mons- trosity of war,and all the conditions in the world that breed and make war possible. Thus-I have been working as a writer,lecturer and peace Correspondent over a period of almost Jk years,that has enabled me to establish contacts with world Leaders on every level of our society,in- cluding you,Ivir. Secretary-Generalo I have concentrated ray God-guided efforts to a large extent In the realm of ideas to promote peace and World Disarmament. I have had a few ideas which I have submitted to the governments of the World, including the United Nations, that I consider- • ed .would help to some extent to bring Peace to the worid,and lead to ultimate World Disarmament, you may still have in your files,plans that I have submitted to the United Nations, during the terms of U? S. Ambass- ador Adlai Stevenson and Arthur Goldberg, and secretary-General u T&ant, At the moment I am paving the way for President Nixon's mission to China and the Soviet Union, I have worked for nr. Nixon since the 1952 Presidential Election Campaign, when I served as Chairman of an Eisen- hower-Nixon Organization, in Hendersonville, North Carolina, composing political endorsements for the campaign in the religious field. "IN GOD jgLTRUJj.!^ was the major theme of that campaign, and this national "motto"" was carried in huge letters on the leading float of the inaugural parade. I aril trying to persuade president Hixon to use it again as the theme for •fris 197-„Presidential Campaign, It helped to give president Eisenhower the greatest political victory in the history of our Nation, In my recent messages to president nixon, I have proposed that he begin to negotiate with China and the soviet union to"formulate a Global policy that will lead to the end of the war in Vietnam, and assurance of ultimate world Disarmament, through a "LTVTS AI'.TD...H3LP LIVEj" International policy, expressed by president Nixon, that will rebuild Vietnam and all the 'world instead of to destroy it as they are now doing, I have also submitted to all the leading Nuclear powers, a proposal to l launch a "^gglg _SJ;TOaLD_DISAm^l/^:'r djySaDELL', and particularily to' in, who should play a leading role in this directIon, Conceived and dedicated lo mobilize the psople's moral and spiritual power fo,- peaca, inherent in al! truly civilized people the world over, .... to help and inspire a "L!Vt AMD HELP UVE" International Policy by al! nations. Beginning at the grass-roots level and working together to build "THE CHEAT SOCIETY O? MANKIND" by word and deed in a common global effort to abolish forever the scourge of war as Vesol- ved by the United NatiorVs__ch^rter. "No more war, -war never again" POPE PAUL vi "The certainty is here that we can eliminate war from the face of the earth." "The cause of peace needs God." FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT DWTGHT n. EISENHOWER. PAG-3 ?QUR Leonard ON "Mankind must put an end to war before tour puts an end to mankind. My felloiv inhabitants of this planet, let us see if we in our time can move the ^vorld towards a just and lasting- peace.jrFORMER u. s. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY "IN GOD WE TRUST" PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE V V U. S. A. "It is no longer enough- to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now we must "LIVE AND HELP LIVJT ty PRESIDENT KICHARD M. NIXON *fc ~ " • continued: It is my most considered opinion,from a life-time of experience with people ,t'he V/orld over, particularily in .America, that if you truly want something, and desire-it deep enough,and long enough, in the long run you will get it, providing you are willing to work for.it, and make the sacrifice It often takes. This is how .America was born, and gained her freedom, because there were men and women at that epic moment In his- tory,who were willing to work,sacrifice and die if need be for what tney believed in. They fought a Revolution for human freedom and justice that still remains to be completed at this very moment of v/orld crisis* ! Never in'all history have we had a greater opportunity than now, to begin to complete for all time this momentous unfinished task, and goal, of history that has challenged every generation since the American Revolu- tion, even to this very day as all Llankind waits with fervent and des- perate longing,for the day that "THE RIGHT TO LIFE,LIB3RTY AMD THE PUR- SUIT OF HriPPiNE33" becomes a lasting established fact, instead of"a - hopeless dream. The UNITED NATIONS, is the last great hope of Llankind, and If the People,a"rr~'En^~~xJeop~Ie, the v/orld over will work and sacrifice to make lasting Peace and V/orld Disarmament possible, this dream of the ages will in time, even in our time be realized. This is why a "PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARiMAJ/iENT CRUSADE", to mobilize all of the peace-loving people of the V/orld should be adopted by all nations, especially the United Nations whose major purpose and goal is to eliminate wars from the face of the Earth. V/ar by governments must end forever, and peace by peoples "UNDER GOD" must become the supreme creed and policy of a»NEW CIVILIZATION" a_"i\iSv7 V/ORLD^ that people can and will build if granted the" freedom "ahd~ " opportunity to do so, free of the crushing burden of war,and the manifold evils that dominate the human scene today„ In conclusion let us heed the final plea for v/orld Disarmamentmade by the late martyred president,John F.Kennedy,.."my fellow inhabitants upon this Planet,let us see if we In our time can move the Vvorld towards a just and lasting Peace« Host faithfully yours_in peace, ..__ American Citizen of the ^m Conceived and dedicatee! to mobilize the people's moral and spiritual power for peace, inherent in all truly civilized people iha world over, .... to help and inspire a "LiVE AND HELP LIVE" International Policy by all nations. Beginning at the grass-roots level and working together to build "THE GP.'£AT SOC5ETY OF MANKIND" by word and deed in a common global effort to abolish forever the scourge of war as resol- ved by the United Nation's charter. • "No more war, ivar never again" POPE PAUL vi "The certainty is here that we can eliminate war from the face of the earth." "The cause of peace needs God." FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. PAGE FIVE ., • /'TOWARDSPE^CE ONJEARTH". Leonard Larsen "Mankind must' put an end to ivar before war puts an end to mankind. My fellow inhabitants of this planet, let us see if we in our time can move tlie world toivards a just and lasting: peace."FORUER u. s. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY "IN GOD WE TRUST" PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE V # U. S. A. "It is no longer enough to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now we must "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" ty PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON -fc --- continued: pc -• .. :'~ -t oO o , May I repectfully propose that you have this message, "THE T.'OV^fT Off. TRUTH? printed in a "UNITED NATION'S magazine or news lefe?7~t5T" distributed to all United Nation' s member Cations and news media that mi gnL find this vital message of deep interest to all v.lio are concern- ed about the state of the iforld and the "UNITED NATION'S" oresent struggle for peace and world Disarmament. You can" also have additional letter-heads printed by the»UNITSD NATION'S" similar to what we are now using9 This is only a beginning, I sincerely trust you v/ill write to President Nixon before he leaves for china and the soviet Union, and inform him that ulie "United Nations'' will support him \vhole-heartily in any proposal or program that will lead to peace and world Disarmament ,Ee needs our help and support in this tremendous task of bringing back some sense of Peace and Humanity in this fear-ridden, war-ravaged V/orld. I will be more than glad of the honor arid privilege of rend^rin' th history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to leadTth- land ^Ve)afk:iriS HIS blessine and HIS help, but knowing that here on Earth 'b work must truly be our own . ^JT.JVEC,, ~ ' ' Conceived and clsdicaiecl to mobilize the people's moral and spiritual power for peace, inherent in all truly civilized peop'.o tha world ovsr, .... to help and inspire a "LIVE AMD HEL? LIVE" International Policy by all nations. Beginning at the gnss-roots level and working together to build "THE GnEAT SOCIETY OF MANKIND" by word and deed in a common global effort to abolish forever the scourcje of war as resol- ved by the United Nation's charter. 'Wo more war, war never again" POPE PAUL vi "The certainty is here that ice can eliminate war from the face of the earth." "The cause of peace needs God." FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT DWIGHT B. EISENHOWER. 1 1 i- - ^ itt-•:•'y-cTen erdi -pr 11-QjJt iycLLcLhpi -"'.7"7"^^ 213299 -- ^" O'•' F ..STEA'"^ M AM' D MOTO' ' R •YESSKT^ ^ ' :~— . ±"~~~ ANT, GBOai/TON T1 •--- ,..., T ,-w.. ry., ...r r - T-yi-r»rnfcir>ir • rr-r fit'r • —rr r^ i^-nli^nj,^ ~n—ifr --g J~jr---' ' — »n n^iti PI iliinti -T > VmnjpitVn(r>''rfir»tJ.>i-itii»mi»HHn ^^IIIM*Z itfM»iri»c • '• • ' -'.' .j^^-^^p-^^rST^—^T^V^" •*• 'O^ V-T^'J M "v^iAtf^.^^i^iL^;i/..^kiik?&^,^;--.^^I'-fi^^'Aa.^;;va^^J^j, A&^^.^g:fe^V|^^'feiA-^LL^^^>"^:;-y^.h,^J|EJiilJ^:£^]lj ,.j)..fl..hi.l.(t.,1,;.)A.>.J..Ky...ifr,-|...«J..ii;.,),,.;i(iUi..^ ..i.^;..T.t,.^n^i,!;iy.-Juri^(^^lni..l'im'gmiv1..t.~N|liirt-J-'i'....;..HhMi^..^ *i,ii.rrfW.,ii;fr.i_.f^tl.^^i^^^ • ..Copy for secretary-General-l)r. Kurt Via "•Mankind -must -put an end, to war before war -puts an end to mankind. My fellow inhabitants of this -planet, let us see if we in our time can move the world toward a just and lasting -peace." PRESIDENT JOHN FITZGERALD KENNEDY "IN GOD WE TRUST" WORLD PEACE CORPS titi U. S. A. '•'•It is no longer enough to 'Live and let Live', but now we must 'Live and hel-f Live' •fa PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON fa "TOWARDS P3AGE ON SARTH." Dear Secretary-General, Dr. Waldheim; A proposal was made to former Secretary- General U Tii an' t several times for the adoption by ?FTEE UNITED NATIONS" of a ^^LD_PEAGE_^COEPS^ , a "LIVE .AND HELP LIVE"' lnte~rnational"global program in which all Nations could participate," to rebuild and build the 7/orld in Peace, instead of destroying the world in war as v.-e are now doing at a horrible cost in human lives and suff ering, unmatched in hu- man history. It is now my most fervent prayer and hope, air, that you will use the., power of your office to the utter limit to persuade the United Nation's member Nations to convert their present war armies into peace armies, and begin to wage Peace on a Global scale to build a i?>vSY;~ CIVILIZATION" ? "MITED STATES Off THE Y/OHLD" an economic "WORLD ,GOL-B/IOIf^3ALTH_QF N^TIONSJ/ working together for the common welfare of all Mankind ~ they'd reanTof "the ages come true. This is all in the realm of possibility in our time, and for all time, if we are all willing the World over to work: together and get rid of all our present hatred, suspicion, fear and intolerance that dominates the human scene today, and threatens the very survival OT" our Race. "SAVE IT V/E CAN, . .AND SATO IT WE MUST", before it is too late. before we reach the point of no return,, The first giant step towards ^VORLD. j3ISAjMAL@iT^_ can be made now as President Nixon meets with the heads of"state in China and the Soviet Union, and if you could get all your United Nation's members to write to President Nixon, and Ministers of State, Leonid Bresjnev,lvlao Tse Tung Ohou En Lai to persuade them to begin negotiations for peace, and WORLD °* DISARMAMENT this would give renewed hope to all ..ianltind. The United Nations by this act would then fulfill its -ourpose and high resolve, ftTO SAVE SUG-" CESDING GENERATIONS FKOk ThE SCOURGE OF WAR" and usher in a glorious new ERA, aaong the Nations of the Earth which future generations"will revere and bless as ^JANKINDS EINSST HOUR", - Conceived and established UNDER GOD by the enlightened, peace-loving people of America as a living memorial and tribute to our martvred U S President John F. Kennedy. Dedicated to mobilize the moral and spiritual power for peace, inherent in all truly civilized pe'op!" the world over., ... to help and inspire a "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" Internationa! Policy at the grass-roots level, and work together to build "THE GEAT SOCIETY OF MANKIND," by word and deed, in a common effort to abolish the scourge of war, as resolved by the United Nations, and the building of a just and lasting peace UNDER GOD for all Mankind. "I ASK YOUR HELP AND GOD'S!" U. S. PRESIDENT LYNDON B. JOHNSON. "The certainty is here that me can eliminate war from the face of the earth." "The cause of -peace needs God." FORMER U. S. PRESIDENT DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. "TOWARDS E ON EARTH." T1^ **'&•'% *v> ^v-.-%SA_*-f.,' ;.,v- tSw'v&s.7^.. -S-: i-*£>* ?*-i>b»'-'--•• ,-'i,i\Ns;i~5a#^5'15^'!» P^^a^^^kiI'" -•,*- ft^^fi^- sa^^i^J^S- ;%^*i ^ ,^^^i?S^«a^S r -&^&&$^&£&:gZ b ^^'^•^^''Vr 'i bE SHALL BB.H.T OUR SVvORDS INTO PLOV/Sri.HR£S." «i : 4 Dr. V/aldheim, I sincerely trust that the United Nation,meiaber Nations v/ill cnallenge the Soviet Union to begin to live up LO it's high resolve for ViORLD DISAW-'IAL''ENT, and put an end to \var, before war outs an end to perhaps all life upon this Planet, A copy of this Disarmament monument^ glon^ _w_i_th president Kennedy ^s.plea- ^fojr JVorld Disariiiaraent should be_...distributed. .amongst the people and governments of ,all Nations as the initial s_tep in ou_r__P_e^opleT for decretury-G-eneral-Dr, Kurt y/a.ldnedm " EACH TIME A MAN OR WOMAN STAIiES UP FOH AN IDKAL, OH ACTS TO BffikGVE THE LOT OF OTHERS, OR STRIKES OUT AGAINST INJUSTICE, THEY SET FORTH TINY RIPPLES OF HOPE, AND CROSSING EACH OTBEH PKOM A MILLION DIFJISR- ENT CENTERS OF ENERGY AHD Dj\HIKG, .. THOSE RIPPLES BUILD A GURKBNT WHICH CAN SVyESP DOlvN THE MIGHTIEST 1VALLS 7? OF OPPRESSION AND I The conviction expressed by tiie late Senator, Robert I', Kennedy. x^> "C Coo"y for Secretary-General-Dr. Kurt ^/ "Mankind must put an end to war before war puts an end to mankind. My fellow inhabitants of this planet, let its see if we in our time can move the world towards just and lasting peace." FORMER tf. s. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY "IN GOD WE TRUST" PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE # -9- U. S. A. "It is no longer enough to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now we must "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON • ' : "MANKIND MUST PUT AN EMD TO WAR, OR WAR WILL PUT AN END TO MANKIND. V/E IN THIS HALL SHALL BE RISEMBEKED AS TKS GENER- ATION THAT TDRHBD THIS PLANET INTO A FUNERAL PYRE, OH THS GEMEHATIOM THAT S3T IT'S VOICE, . • , ^TO SAVE SUCCEEDING GElM- ERATION3 FROM THE SCOURGE OF Wj&." TrEE DECISION IS OURS. NEVER HAVE TIlii NATIONS OF THE Y»'OKLD HAD SO MUCH TO LOSE , OR SO MUCH TO GAIN. TOGETHER ",E SHALL SAVE OUR PLAWET,OR TQ- GSTHEH. YJS SIlALL PERISH IN IT'S FLAMES. SAVE IT TsE CAN,AND SAVS IT Y/B MUST, ...AND TEEN V/S SHALL EARN THS ETERNAL THANKS OF MANKIND, AND AS PEACEMAKERS, THE ETERNAL BLESSINGS OF GOD. THE GOAL OF DISARMAMENT IS NO LONGER A DREAM. IT IS A PRACTICAL MATTER OF LIFE OS DEATH. THS RISKS INHERENT IN DISARMAMENT,PALES IN COMPARISON TO THS RISKS INHERENT IN AN UNLIMITED ARMS RAGS. MY FSLLOY/ INHABITANTS OF THIS PLACET, LET US SEE, IF y/a nf QVR_ ^^-Q^^^J^--^^^^^~SS!^^^^^^^^.J^^^^A^An 5". F. Kj>__. Conceived and dedicated to mobilize the people's moral and spiritual power for peace, inherent in all truly civilized people the world over, to help and inspire a "LIVE AMD HELP LiVE" International Policy by all nations. Beginning at the grass-roots lave! and working together to build '7HE GREAT SOCIETY OF MANKIND" by word and deed in a common global effort to abolish forever the scourge of war as resol- ved by the United Nation's charter. "No more war, war never again" FOPE PAUL, vi "The certainty is here that we can eliminate war from the face of the earth." "The cause of peace needs God," /— FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT BWIGHT ». EISENHOWER. Gooy for Secretary-General-Dr. Kurt walineim SECRETARIAT OF STATE FROM THE VATICAN October 5» 1970 The Secretariat of State is directed by the Holy Father to convey his thanks for the message recently addressed to him and to express his appreciation of the sentiments which prompted it. & •-"* -, ^J^J'^^!^^1^^ .';-,.-" ? Copy for oecrettiry-General-Dr. Kurt SECRETARIAT OF STATE FROM THE VATICA.N Ch.3?13 tfflaS 1969' Captain Leonard Larsen Egersundsgata 3 Stavenger, Norway. THE SECRETARIAT OP STATE is directed "by the Sovereign Pontiff to express His sincere appreciation of the message of good wishes for Christmas and the New Year recently addressed to Him, and has pleasure in conimuni~ eating that His Holiness invokes upon the sender an abundance of heavenly "blessings. PAGE ONE "TOWARDS PEACE ON EABIH" "Mankind must put an tnd io war before war puts an end to mankind. My fellow inhabitants of this planet, let us see if we in our time can move the world towards a just and lasting peaee."FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY "72V GOD WE TRUST" Captain Leonard Larsen DCODI tr'o U.S.M.M. -Retired PbUPLt b Egersundsgata No. 3 QRLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE Stavanger, Norway. W 4000 -v- & U. S. A. "It is no longer enough to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now we must "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" -$• PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON -& - -- "TH-E MOMEN- — ****T O*F -TRUTH ~~" --v^ - P(_I _1}'-• &, &**- •^ •*?•& Hon. Dr. Kurt Waldheim Secretary-General-The United Nations New York,N.Y. U.S.A. February 4, 1972. Dear Secretary-General Waldheira; Please allow me first to express my deeo gratitude for the response from your office in reply to my Christmas message which I sincerely trust you have seriously considered as a signific- ant challenge to the United Nations to launch a Global program and CRUSADE. "TO SAVE SUCCEEDING GENERATIONS FROM THE SCOURGE OF WAR"- the high and most noble resolve and dedication" for which it was first conceived and instituted, over 25 years ago. The dictates of conscience and common enlightened intelligence, must indicate above all, that anything short of "WORLD DISARMAMENT" will fail, and continue to fail, as the course of history has proven beyond a shadow of a doubt. It is written in the Holy script, that "He who lives by the sword will perish by the sword." Once mighty Empires now lie covered in oblivion, by the dust of the centuries for their tragic failure to realize and accept this infinite TRUTH* We are no exception, and will follow them into oblivion if we continue to live in a divided World, madly armed to the teeth with Nuclear missiles, and HELL-BENT towards mutual human extinction. This is the supreme, hard reality and TRUTH of our age which we are compelled to face as a so called civilized Society, and take immediate and definite con- structive action to avoid. There was one thing I noticed above all as you spoke on tele- vision in your acceptance speech, as Secretary-General, and that was, your deep determination to become a man of act ion, to show results, and give all Mankind some assurance and hope for peace and future survival. ______continued: _ Conceived and dedicated to mobilize the people's moral and spiritual power for peace, inherent in all truly civilized people the world over, .... to help and inspire a "LIVE AMD HELP LIVE" International Policy by all nations. Beginning at the grass-roots level and working together to build "THE GREAT SOCIETY OF MANKIND" by" word and deed in a common global effort to abolish forever the scourge of war as resol- ved by the United Nation's charter. ___ "No more war, war never again" POPE PAUL vi "The certainty is here that we can eliminate war from the face of the earth." "The cause of peace needs God." FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. PAGE TWO Captain Leonard Larsen "TOWARDS PEACE ON EARTH "Mankind must put an end to war before war puts an end to mankind. My fellow inhabitants of this planet, let us see if we in our time can move the world towards just and lasting- peace."FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY "IN GOD WE TRUST" PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE V # U. S. A. "It is no longer enough to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now we must "LIVE AND HELP LJVgl Q PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON •& " * "continued: This seemingly,most impossible task and goal which the UNITED NATIONS is struggling to achieve,IB the supreme,most solemn,duty and responsib- ity of your high office,as Secretary-General, president Nixon in his acceptance speech for nomination as the 37th president of the United States, expressed this most eloquent and deep conviction,when he stated for America and all the World to note,..." without GOD'S HELP, and your help,we will surely fail; with GOD'S HELP and your Help, ( i,he people) we shall surely succeed." : ? Upon this deep,imperishable conviction, America was first conceived and instituted,"UNDER GOD". It has been the source of her greatness, her high ideals and principles,which have inspired many Nations to fol- low her example. The tragic mis'take of the united Nations,was in its totral failure to emulate America when this World unity of Nations was first conceived and instituted at San Francisco. "IN GOD WE TRUST", is far more than a mere National motto. .America was' founded upon this infinite precept. It has been the source of her strength,her greatness,and she will continue to endure as long as she follows in her faith and trust in GOD, above all else...And I don't mean a G-OD of any particular re- ligion or Creed,but a GOD,who is LOVE, the source of all life,and through whose power the whole Universe moves and has it's being,from the far- thest star in the heavens,down to every invisible cell in the human body and all life upon this Planet which we live. The acceptance of this imperishable TRUTH,, is the beginning of wisdom, and can lead all Mankind out of the darkness of this black hour, into the dawn of a NEW,. ERAL. beyond our wildest dreams. I would stake my life upon this undying" 'conviction,which I have arrived at after almost 34 years of impact with the power of GOD in my own life,through both WORLD WARS and witnessing first hand the soul-searing conditions of human life the Vi/orld over during my many years at sea. I have a deep,LOVE COMPELLING,motivation born out of this human experience,that will never die as long as I live on this side of Eternity. I owe my Fellowmen a deep debt of eternal gratitude that I can never hope to fully repay,for everyman has made it possible for me to live, contributed"'to some degree,large or small to sustain my life on Earth. . Conceived and dedicated to mobilize the people's moral and spiritual power for peace, inherent in all truly civilized people the world over. to help and inspire a "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" International Policy by all nations. Beginning at the grass-roots level and working together to build "THE GREAT SOCIETY OF MANKIND" by word and deed in a common global effort to abolish forever the scourge of war as resol- ved by the United Nation's charter. ^^^_^_^^ "No more war, war never again" POPE PAUL vr "The certainty is here that we can eliminate war from the face of the earth." "The cause of peace needs God" FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. PAGE 3 Leonsrd. Lars en "TOWARDS PEACE ON EARTH" "Mankind must put an end to war before war puts an end to mankind. My fellow inhabitants of this planet, let us see if we in our time can move the world towards a just and lasting: peace."FORMER tr. s. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY "IN GOD WE TRUST" PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE V V U. S. A. "It is no longer enough to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now we must "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" Q PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON ft After my gruesome experience in world War Two,where I served on U«S. Army troopships,carrying troops to combat areas in the South pacific, the horrors I witnessed, made me more determined than ever, that as long as I lived I would dedicate my life with GOD'S help to wipe out this mons- trosity of war,and all the conditions in the world that breed and make war possible. Thus I have been working as a writer,lecturer and peace Correspondent over a period of almost 34 years,that has enabled me to establish contacts with World Leaders on every level of our society,in- cluding you,Mr. Secretary-General. I have concentrated ray God-guided efforts to a large extent in the realm of ideas to promote peace and World Disarmament. I have had a few ideas which I have submitted to the governments of the World, including the united Nations, that I consider- ed would help to some extent to bring peace to the world,and lead to ultimate World Disarmament. You may still have in your files,plans that I have submitted to the United Nations, during the terms of U» S. Ambass- ador Adlai Stevenson and Arthur Goldberg, and secretary-General u Thant. At the moment I am paving the way for President Nixon's mission to China and the Soviet Union. I have worked for Mr. Nixon since the 1952 Presidential Election Campaign, when I served as chairman of an Eisen- hower-Nixon Organization, in Hendersonville, North Carolina, composing political endorsements for the campaign in the religious field. "IN GOD WE TRUST'* was the major theme ..gjf that campaign, and this national1 motto"" was carried in huge letters on the leading float of the inaugural parade. I am trying to persuade president Nixon to use it again as the theme for his 1972,Presidential Campaign. It helped to give president Eisenhower the greatest political victory in the history of our Nation. In my recent messages to president Nixon, I have proposed that he begin to negotiate with China and the soviet union to formulate a Global policy that will lead to the end of the war in Vietnam, and assurance of ultimate World Disarmament, through a "LIVE- AND HELP LIVE" international policy, expressed by President Nixon, that will rebuild Vietnam and all the World instead of to destroy it as they are now doing. I have also submitted to all the leading Nuclear powers, a proposal to launch a "PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE", and particularily to President Nixon, who should play a leading role in this directlon^continued Conceived and dedicated to mobilize the people's moral and spiritual power for peace, inherent in all truly civilized people the world over, .... to help and inspire a "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" International Policy by all nations. Beginning at the grass-roots level and working together to build "THE GREAT SOCIETY OF MANKIND" by word and deed in a common global effort to abolish forever the scourge of war as resol- ved by the United Nation's charter. "Wo more war, war never again" POPE PAUL vi "The certainty is here that we can eliminate war from the face of the earth." "The cause of peace needs God." FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. PAGE FOUR Leonard Larsen "TOWARDS PEACE ON EARTH" "Mankind must put an end to war before war puts an end to mankind. My fellow inhabitants of this planet', let us see if we in our time can move the world towards a just and lasting,- peace."FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY "IN GOD WE TRUST" PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE # V U. S. A. "It is no longer enough to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now we must "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" Q PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON •& " ' continued: It is my most considered opinion, from a life-time of experience with people the World oTer, particularily in America, that if you truly want something, and desire it deep enough, and long enough, in the long run you will get it, providing you are willing to work for it, and make the sacrifice it often takes. This is how America was born, and gained her freedom, because there were men and women at that epic moment in his- tory, who were willing to work, sacrifice and die if need be for what tney believed in. They fought a Revolution for human freedom and justice that still remains to be completed at this very moment of world crisis » Never in 'all history have we had a greater opportunity than now, to begin to complete for all time this momentous unfinished task, and goal, of history that has challenged every generation since the American Revolu- tion, even to this very day as all Mankind waits with fervent and des- perate longing, for the day that "THE RIGHT TO LIFE. LIBERTY AMD THE PUR- SUIT OF HAPPINESS" becomes a lasting established fact, instead of a hopeless dream. The UNITED NATIONS is the last great hope of Llankind, and if the People, ail "cne people, "the World over will work and sacrifice to make lasting Peace and World Disarmament possible, this dream of the ages will in time, even in our time be realized. This is why a "PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE", to mobilize all of the peace-loving people of the World should be adopted by all Nations, especially the united Nations whose major purpose and goal is to eliminate wars from the face of the Earth. War by governments must end forever, and Peace by peoples "UNDER GOD" must become the supreme creed and policy of a "HEW CIVILIZATION" a "NEW WORLD" that people can and will build if "granted the freedom and opportunity to do so, free of the crushing burden of war, and the manifold evils that dominate the human scene today. In conclusion let us heed the final plea for World Disarraamentmade by the late martyred President, John F.Kennedy, .. "my fellow inhabitants upon this Planet, let us see if we In our time can move the world towards a just and lasting Peace. Most faithfully yours^in peace, _ ^X^^^-Vt^ "IN GOD WE TRUST" PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE V V U. S. A. "It is no longer enough to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now we must "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" Q PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON •& continued: P.S. May I repectfully propose that you have this message, "^m MOMENT OF TRUTH" printed in a"UNITED NATION'S magazine or news letter, and distributed to all United-Nation's member Nations and news media that might find this vital message of deep interest to all who are concern- ed about the state of the World and the "UNITED NATION'S" present struggle for Peace and world Disarmament. You can also have additional letter-heads printed by the"UNITED NATION'S" similar to what we are now using, This is only a beginning, I sincerely trust you will write to President Nixon before he leaves for china and the soviet Union, and inform him that the"United Nations" will support him whole-heartily in any proposal or program that will lead to peace and world Disarmament. He needs our help and support in this tremendous task of bringing back some sense of Peace and Humanity in this fear-ridden, war-ravaged world. I will be more than glad of the honor and privilege of rendering any assistance i£ the cause of peace and world Disarmament. At the mo- ment, from this vantage point here in Norway, we are launching a "PEOPLE'S CRUSADE" for WOKLD DISARMAMENT, by a series of messages to governments here in Europe, particularly,the Soviet Union, and west Germany where Chancellor Willy Brandt, tne Noble Peace Prize winner can lend his voice to the cause of Peace. I am also publishing a book on my arrival back in America,under the title, . . "TOWARDS PEACE ON EARTH" which is a!1GOD- GIVEN MESSAGE" for our age, and" all ages to come, it should gain World- wide distribution, and will help immeasureably to launch a "PEOPLE'S JjfORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE." The future is now in GOD'S HANDS, With "HIM and through HIM, we cannot fail. The ultimate triumph of RIGHT over '—*" MIGHT' is assured, so"with a good conscience our only sure reward with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love,asking HIS blessing and HIS help,but knowing that here on Earth GOD'S work must truly be our own.*.' J.ff.K. ^*-\ /^\ <==!*£^rra^u^ Conceived and dedicated to mobilize the people's moral and spiritual power for peace, inherent in all truly civilized people the world over, .... to help and inspire a "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" International Policy by all nations. Beginning at the grass-roots level and working together to build "THE GREAT SOCIETY OF MANKIND" by word and deed in a common global effort to abolish forever the scourge of war as resol- ved by the United Nation's charter. "No more war, war never again" POPE PAUL vi "The certainty is here that we can eliminate war from the face of the earth." "The cause of peace needs God." FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. Copy for Secretary-G-eneral-pr. Trurt 3. L 27293 213299 ^ ' MASTE"'"R OF STEA' "''M ' AN''D MOTOR Copy for decretary-General-Dr. Kurt "Mankind must put an end to war before war puts an end to mankind. My •fellow inhabitants of this -planet, let us see if we in our 'time can move the world toward a just and lasting peace." PRESIDENT JOHN FITZGERALD KENNEDY "IN GOD WE TRUST" WORLD PEACE CORPS fcfc U. S. A. "It is no longer enough to 'Live and let Live', but now we must 'Live and help Live' ". •fa PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON -fa "TOWARDS EEACE ON EARTH." *#*#*#** Dear Secretary-General, Dr. Waldheim: _ A proposal was made to former Secretary- General U Tiiant several times for the adoption by "THE UNITED N4TTONq» of a !!WPELP__PSAGE_^ORPS«, a "Lip AND HELP LOT" International Global program in which all Nations could participItiT to rebuild and build dn?™°ri Xh ^ace, instead of destroying the World in war as we are now doing at a homnble cost in human lives and suffering, unmatched in hu- nLa.n ill s *c o z*y * Tt i£ no w m most ^h L y fervent prayer and hope, Sir, that you will use the power of your office to the utter limit to persuade the United Nation's member Nations to convert their present war armies into Peace armies to wa e Peace on a »TT?®Si? & Global scale to build a "NEW CIVILIZATION" ^E^S^S^T^mR--^ an economic «WORLp__C«Qm'ffiALTH OJ NATIONS" working together for the common welfare of alTljaHEHa7ThTi:'?e^m~^Fth^ ages come true. This is all in the realm of possibility in our time, and f°J Si *?*'** we are a11 Ailing the world over to work together and" late.ore Slant Step t0wards "WORLD DISARMAMENT" can be made now n meetS Wlth the heads f Union™ , and if you could get all your Unite° " StitilFoETnd Nation's membera ands ttho write loviee t of Sta^> Leonid BreaJnev,MaS ^^ Conceived and established UNDER GOD by the enlightened, peace-loving people of America as a living memorial and tribute to our martyred U. S. President, John F. Kennedy. Dedicated to mobilize the moral and spiritual power for peace, inherent in all truly civilized people the world ove&i...to help and inspire a "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" International Policy at the grass-roots level, and work together to build "THE GtAT SOCIETY OF MANKIND," by word and deed, in a common effort to abolish the scourge of war, as resolved by the United Nations, and the building of a just and lasting peace UNDER GOD for all Mankind. "I ASK YOUR HELP AND GOD'S!" U. S. PRESIDENT LYNDON B. JOHNSON. "The certainty is here that we can eliminate war from the jace of the earth." "The cause of peace needs God." ' FORMER U. S. PRESIDENT DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. Copy for Secretary-General Dr. Kurt Waldheim "TOWARDS PEACE ON EARTH." "WE SHALL BE^T OUR SWORDS INTO PLOWSHARES." (i ; 4 Dr. Waldheim, I sincerely trust that the United Nation,member Nations will challenge the Soviet Union to begin to live up to it's high resolve for WORLD DISARMAMENT, and put an end to war,before war puts an end to perhaps all life upon this Planet. _A copy of this Disarmament monument, ff.long with President Kennedy* s plea for .World Disarmament should be distributed. _amongst the people and governments Q_f jail ^Nations as the initial step in our Peoples WQ'RLD DISAR^/IENT ~~ Copy for Secretary-G-eneral-Dr. Kurt waldheim "TOWARDS PEACE ON EARTH "Mankind must put an end to war before war puts an end to mankind. My fellow inhabitants of this planet, let us see if we in our time can move the world towards just and lasting: peace." FORMER tr. s. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY "IN GOD WE TRUST" PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE V V U. S. A. "It is no longer enough to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now we must "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" ty PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON -fa ' RESIDENT JOHO^tLjnjjjpg^ "MANKIND MUST PUT AN END TO MAR, OR WAR WILL PUT AN END TO MANKIND. WE IN THIS HALL SHALL BE REMEMBERED AS THE GENER- ATION THAT TURNED THIS PLANET INTO A FUNERAL PYRE, OR THE GENERATION THAT SET IT'S YOICE, . . , *TO SAVE SUCCEEDING GEN- ERATIONS FROM THE SCOURGE Off VVARV* THE DECISION IS OUggj NEVER HAVE THE NATIONS OF THE WORLD HAD SO MUCH TO LOSE, OR SO MUCH TO GAIN. TOGETHER. WE SHALL SAVE OUR PLANET, OR TO- GETHER WE SHALL PERISH IN ITrS FLAMES. SAVE IT vvE CAN, AND SAVE IT TME MOST, ...AND THEN VIE SHALL EARN THE ETERNAL THANKS OF MANKIND, AND AS PEACEMAKERS, THE ETERNAL BLESSINGS OF GOD. THE GOAL Oi1 DISARMAMENT IS NO LONGER A DREAM. IT IS A PRACTICAL MATTER OF LIFE OR DEATH. THE RISKS INHERENT IN DISARMAMENT, PALES IN COMPARISON TO THE RISKS INHERENT IN AW UNLIMITED ARMS RAGE, MY FELLOW INHABITANTS OF THIS PLANET ,LBT US SEE, IF WE IN OUR PBE CALM07E THE WORLD TOWARDS A JUST, o. j «£» Conceived and dedicated to mobilize the people's moral and spiritual power for peace, inherent in all truly civilized people the world over, ____ to help and inspire a "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" International Policy by all nations. Beginning at the grass-roots level and working together to build "THE GREAT SOCIETY OF MANKIND" by word and deed in a common global effort to abolish forever the scourge of war as resol- ved by the United Nation's charter. __ 'Wo more war, war never again" POPE PAUL, vi "The certainty is here that we can eliminate war from the face of the earth." "The cause of peace needs God." ^/ — FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. Copy for ciecretary-G-eneral-Dr, Kurt Wt ^TOWARDS PEACE, QM B * BAGH TIME A MAN OR WOMAN STAHDS UP FOH AN IDEAL, OH ACTS TO IMPKGYB THE LOT OF OTHSH8, OR STRIKES OUT AGAINST INJUSTICE, THEY SET FORTH TINY RIPPLES OF HOPE, AND GROSSING EACH OTHER JROM A MILLION DIFFER- ENT CENTERS OF ENERGY AND D^iRIKG, . . THOSE RIPPLES BUILD A GURHSKT WEIGH GAH S1EBP DOTO OHB JilGHTIEST WALLS OF OPPRESSION Am RESISTANCE." Tiie conviction expressed by the late Senator, Robert F« Kennedy, Copy for oecretary-General-Dr. Kurt Waldneim SECRETARIAT OF STATE FROM THE VATICAN Captain Leonard Larsen Egersundsgata 3 Stavanger, Norway. THE SECRETARIAT OP STATE is directed by the Sovereign Pontiff to express His sincere appreciation of the message of good wishes for Christmas and the New Year recently addressed to Him, and has pleasure in communi- cating that His Holiness invokes upon the sender an abundance of heavenly blessings. sO O c^<^xO^LX^>^K^- . . Copy for Secretary-General-Dr. Kurt Waldiieirn SECRETARIAT OF STATE FROM THE VATICAN October 5» 1970 The Secretariat of State is directed by the Holy Father to convey his thanks for the message recently addressed to him and to express his appreciation of the sentiments which prompted it. / i >_/ ^XJ-Sv -^ULsQL^CLs <-*Y ^J ~£j& _^L^ y/w^ /- "TOWARDS PEACE ON EARTH" "Mankind must put an end to war before war puts an end to mankind. My fellow inhabitants of this planet, let us see if we in our time can move the world towards a just and lasting: pe«ce."FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY "IN GOD WE TRUST" PEOPLE'S WORLD DISARMAMENT CRUSADE V V U. S. A. "It is no longer enough to "LIVE AND LET LIVE," but now ive must "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" ty PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON •& Conceived and dedicated to mobilize the people's moral and spiritual power for peace, inherent in all truly civilized people the world over, .... to help and inspire a "LIVE AND HELP LIVE" International Policy by all nations. Beginning at the grass-roots level and working together to build "THE GREAT SOCIETY OF MANKIND" by word and deed in a common global effort to abolish forever the scourge of war as resol- ved by the United Nation's charter. "No more war, war never again" POPE PAUL vi "The certainty is here that we can eliminate war from the face of the earth." "The cause of peace needs God." FORMER u. s. PRESIDENT DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. . *. X*YZ42S S 8Y 2€ 2 a ETATPRIORITE UN AT! CMS PASTIL BARASIHHAN HAVE CHECKED WITH SEGGErs OFFICE, MEETING WITH SECGEN SCHEDULED AT 1630 HOURS. REGARDS COL 2 Fetaruaiy 1972 Narasimbaji/sak 3800 2725 SG GENEVA (fflflXZEREAHD) PASTJNEH FROM WUttSHfilAN HAVE CHECKED WTEH SHCGEN'3 OFFICE. MEETING WEEK SBCGER SCHEEULED ThTJESmY, 10 FEBRUARY, AT 1630 HOURS. ESGAJSD3, cc: Mr» Proha&ka Mrs. MIra C.V. Was^asimhan, Chef de- Cabinet UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES / INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM MEMORANDUM 1NTERIEUR ' TO: The Secretary-General 29 January 1972 A: THROUGH: S/C DE: FROM: L. N. Kutakov, Under-Secretary-General for DE: Political and Security Council Affairs SUBJECT: Report of the Secretary-General on napalm an* OBJET: incendiary weapons In accordance with your instructions consultations have taken place with the Permanent Members of the Security Council and a number of other members of the COD with a view to ascertaining whether they would be agreeable to nominating^a consultant expert for the purposes of the above report. The results of these consultations are as follows: China, Prance and the U.S.A. have stated that they do not wish to nominate a consultant expert or participate in the preparation of the report. The USSR and the U.K. have not yet received instructions. Other Western delegations approached include Canada, Italy, Japan and the Netherlands. Canada and Japan have declined, while Italy and the Netherlands have not yet received instructions. The Socialist States approached include Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Romania. Romania has accepted and is prepared to nominate a consultant expert, while Hungary has declined. Poland has indicated a definite interest but it, as well as Bulgaria and Czechoslovakia, are awaiting instructions. Favourable replies were received from Sweden and Mexico (the initiators of the resolution). Yugoslavia, while definitely interested, has not received instructions but has some doubts whether its Government would be prepared to nominate a consultant expert in view of the fact that it would have to defray all of the costs and expenses of the consultant expert. Morocco has not yet received instructions but doubts whether its Government would be able to provide a consultant expert. Nigeria appears to be interested but has not yet received instructions. Egypt and Ethiopia are still awaiting instructions. - 2 _ To recapitulatef there have so far been no acceptances by any of the five Permanent Members of the Security Council. Six countries in all have given a negative reponse and only three (Mexico, Sweden and Romania) have given a positive response. Twelve countries are still awaiting instructions. The consultations are continuing. Ifitis not possible to obtain the requisite number of acceptances from among the members oi' theJJLyj, r would request instructions from you about approaching other oo^spongpra of tho roaolullun Who are not members of tne uCii and/or other Members of the United Nations. It may be necessary to have a smaller number of consultant experts than the original 12 or 14 envisaged. It also seems clear that it will not be possible to hold the first meeting of the consultant experts in the early part of February and that it may be necessary to delay the first session for a few weeks. UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM MEMORANDUM 1NTERIEUR 29 January 1972 TO: The Secretary-General DATE: A: REFERENCE: THROUGH: S/C DE: FROM: L. N. Kutakov, Under-Secretary-General for Political and Security Council Affairs SUBJECT: Report of the Secretary-General on napalm an* OBJET: incendiary weapons In accordance with your instructions consultations have taken place with the Permanent Members of the Security Council and a number of other members of the CCD with a view to ascertaining whether they would be agreeable to_nominat^ng_a consultant_expert for the purposes of the above reprort. The results of these consultations are as follows: China, Prance and the U.S.A. have stated that they do not wish to nominate a consultant expert or participate in the preparation of the report. The USSR and the U.K. have not yet received instructions. Other Western delegations approached include Canada, Italy, Japan and the Netherlands. Canada and Japan have declined, while Italy and the Netherlands have not yet received instructions. The Socialist States approached include Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Romania. Romania has accepted and is prepared to nominate a consultant experlfj while Hungary has declined, Poland has indicated a definite interest but) it, as well as Bulgaria and Czechoslovakia, are awaiting instructions. Favourable replies were received from Sweden and Mexico (the initiators of the resolution). Yugoslavia, while definitely interested, has not received instructions but has some doubts whether its Government would be prepared to nominate a consultant expert in view of the fact that it would have to defray all of the costs and expenses of the consultant expert. Morocco has not yet received instructions but doubts whether its Government would be able to provide a consultant expert. Nigeria appears to be interested but has not yet received instructions. Egypt and Ethiopia are still awaiting instructions. _ 2 _ To recapitulate, there have 'so far "been no acceptances "by any of the five Permanent Members of the Security Council. Six countries in all have given a negative reponse and only three (Mexico, Sweden and Romania) have given a positive response. Twelve countries are still awaiting instructions. The consultations are continuing. Ifitis not possible to obtain the requisite number of acceptances from among the ffielaberS o± thejjjJjj} x- would readiest instructions from you about approaching other co—sponsors o£-iiiu rei^uluLluji who are not members oi the CCJ and/or other Members of the United Nations. It may be necessary to have a smaller number of consultant experts than the original 12 or 14 envisaged. It also seems clear that it will not be possible to hold the first meeting of the consultant experts in the early part of February and that it may be necessary to delay the first session for a few weeks. UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM MEMORANDUM 1NTERIEUR TO: A: The Secretary-General DATE: 29 January 1972 THROUGH: S/C DE: FROM: L.N. Kutakov, Under-Secretary-Gener. DE: Political and Security Council Affair SUBJECT: Note on the revised draft Security Council resolution OBJET: on the BW .Convention With reference to your memorandum on 18 January in connexion with the above, it appears at present that no permanent member of the Security Council nor, so far as can be ascertained, any other member is prepared to follow up in the Security Council the Swedish suggestion that the rules regarding procedural questions in the Security Council should apply to the complaints procedure under the BW Convention. While it is difficult to predict what might be the final attitude of all the members of the Security Council, it appears that the delegations of the three permanent members who support the BW Convention (the USSR, U.K., and the U.S.A.) have no instructions to take any position in support of the Swedish suggestion, and it would seem that the text of the draft resolution is as far as they are prepared to go. The Swedish delegation in Hew York has not entered into any consultations with any member of the Security Council and has no instructions to pursue the matter in the Security Council, The U.K. delegation advised that the latest thinking on this subject, which is subscribed to by the three depository Governments and also by Poland and Yugoslavia (who are co-sponsors with the U.K. of the proposed draft resolution in the Security Council), is that the BW Convention should be opened for signature before the draft resolution is dealt with by the Security Council. It is also possible that the BW Convention may not be opened for signature until some time in March. UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM MEMORANDUM tNTERIEUR TO: The Secretary-General A: DATE: 29 January 1972 THROUGH: S/C DE: FROM: L.N. Kutakov, Under-Secretary-Gener DE: Political and Security Council Affair ^f SUBJECT: Note on the revised draft Security Council resolution OBJET: on the BW Convention Vlith reference to your memorandum on 18 January in connexion with the above, it appears at present that no permanent member of the Security Council nor, so far as can be ascertained, any other member is prepared to follow up in the Security Council the Swedish suggestion that the rules regarding procedural questions in the Security Council should apply to the complaints procedure under the BW Convention. While it is difficult to predict what might be the final attitude of all the members of the Security Council, it appears that the delegations of the three permanent members vrho support the BW Convention (th«s USSR, U.K., and the U.S.A.) have no instructions to take any position in support of the Swedish suggestion, and it would seem that the text of the draft resolution is as far as they are prepared to go. The Swedish delegation in Hew York has not entered into any consultations with any member of the Security Council and has no instructions to pursue the matter in the Security Council. The U.K. delegation advised that the latest thinking on this subject, which is subscribed W by the three depository Governments and also by Poland and Yugoslavia (who are co-sponsors with the U.K. of the proposed draft resolution in the Security Council), is that the BW Convention should be opened for signature before the draft resolution is dealt with by the Security Council. It is also possible that the BW Convention may not be opened for signature until some time in March. "nu'pKj"""'".* fo§48 /25& ' B\ ~ 232422 OfJH OR© 232422 UNH UR SMIR SF INCOMING HELSIHK 125,1. 72 . HRS 1249 CO fitSEXCELLENCY DOCTOR KOHT TO , , 'SECRETARY-GENERAL OF THE FILE NO- D ACTION COMPLETED INITIALS ^ RETURN TO REGISTRY ROOM 2074 GREATLY APPRECIATE AH OPPORTUNITY TO SEE YOU AT YOUR CONVENIENCE DURI86 THE WEEK BEGINUI8G FEBRUARY 7. ZLKKA PASTINEN-H- U«fi OR WIN SF IS THE NUMBER OK? UNITED NATIONS Wi$ NATIONS UNIES INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM MEMORANDUM 1NTER1EUR Mr. L. N, Kutakov, Under-Secretary-General DATE: 18 tTaniiflry X9T£ for Political and Security Council Affairs REFERENCE: . THROUGH: S/C DC: A- \ f ;%"5 ,. " FROM: cc -Mr. C. V. Narasimhan The Secretary-General J* ' -' "•• J " -•' '--•*? OBJET: ' Note on the Revised Draft Security Council Resolution on the BW Convention I appreciated the information contained in your memorandum dated 11 January 19?2. I should be interested to know whether the suggestion made "by Sweden in the First Committee regarding the complaints procedure is expected to "be taken up by the co- sponsors of the Security Council draft resolution. I recall that the Swedish suggestion, which was supported by a number of other States, proposed that for the complaints procedure the rules regarding procedural questions should apply: i.e., the Permanent Members vould not be able to avail themselves of their veto power. Mr. L. 38. Kutakov, Under-Secretary-General IS January 1972 for Political and Security Council Affairs cc - Kr. C. V. N Secretary-General Note on the Bevised Draft Security Council Besolution on the Bf Convention I appreciated the inforsnatton contained in your dated 11 January 1ST2, I should "be interested to know vfaether the suggestion made by Sweden in the First Committee regarding the complaints ja^scedtire is expected to "be taken up fcy the co- eponeora of the Sec^ity Council draft reaoluticaa, I recall that the Swedish suggestion, which was supported by a number of other States* proposed that for the complaints procedure the rules regarding procedural questions should apply t i.e., the Permanent Mesbers would not be able to avail themselves of their veto power. c.c. Mr. Gherab Ms?, Kufeskov Mr, Nesrastaifaan 31 (Ki«fc» yoa fter yets? klad S.sttsr af 5 of t?-^ tfeitsd Hatios;ss "^ildi T da3ril "I mi. tli 35K?-?iss as tha to tfe r^. it- is tn&sSKi fha KStnastfe*^ tha* y? to co period from I rWbros^y sf^ll tK to suet wit'i ^us ftvfears n-rH -:vf t!s as to -&0 CoMfeftsass of 10 UNITED NATIONS ^jjjjgj NATIONS UNI'fS INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM ~^~" MEMORANDUM 1NTERIEUR The Secretary-General DATE< H January 1972 REFERENCE: THROUGH: S/C DE: FROM: L.N. Kutakov, Under-Secretary-General DE: for Political and Security Council Affairs SUBJECT: OBJET: Note on the Revised Draft Security Council Resolution on the B¥ Convention When Poland was a member of the Security Council it planned to bring the question of the adoption of a resolution by the Security Council concerning the BV Convention to the Security Council during the month of December. The purpose of a Security Council resolution would be to provide greater assurance to the parties of the draft Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxic Weapons and on their Destruction,that any complaints brought to the Security Council would receive expeditious and sympathetic attention. The question was not, however, raised in the Security Council in December but was left over for the Council with its new membership. As I have been informed there are three co-sponsors for this resolution at the present moment: Poland, the UK and Yugoslavia. The Disarmement Affairs Division has prepared a background note ... on the subject. I attach hereto, for your information, a copy of the note. CONFIDENTIAL 21 December 1971 Note on the Revised Draft Security Council Resolution on the BW Convention This draft resolution has been submitted in connection with the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction, which was commended by the General Assembly in Resolution 2827 A (XXVI) on 16 December 1971. More specifically, the draft proposal has reference, in the first instance, to Article VI of that Convention, providing that Parties to the Convention will have the right to lodge complaints of any breach of obligations with the Security Council, together with a request for the consideration of such complaints by the Council. The draft resolution al.so has reference to Article VII of the Convention, by which each Party undertakes to provide or support assistance, in accordance with the United Nations Charter, to any Party to the Convention which so requests, if the Security Council decides that the requesting Party has been exposed to dangers as a result of violation of the Convention. The proposal is intended to complement these articles by giving Parties to the Convention added assurance that all complaints lodged with the Council in accordance with them will be given the expeditious treatment they deserve. As stated in the draft resolution, there is a particular heed for urgency in the investigation of complaints where there may be a possibility that use of biological methods of warfare has been involved; these are particularly dangerous and insidious weapons of mass destruction whose spread and ultimate effects are unpredictable and perhaps unconfinable. The proposed draft resolution is a revision of a similar draft resolution contained in a working paper submitted to the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament by the Delegations of Hungary, Mongolia and Poland on 10 August 1971» as document CCD/339. In submitting that proposal to the CCD, the Representative of Poland stated inter alia: "When the Committee submits to the General Assembly the draft con- vention banning bacteriological weapons it should also, in our opinion, submit simultaneously the text of the draft resolution of the Security Council on the subject that we are proposing today. Of all the organs which exist in the United Nations the Security Council is unquestionably the most acceptable one as guarantor that the convention will be adhered to. In accordance with the Charter of the United Nations the Security Council bears the principal responsibility for the maintenance of peace and the preservation of international security. The Security Council possesses or has at its disposal all /the measures necessary to implement the functions I have mentioned." (CCD/PV/528) The Representative added that: "...'a system of submission of complaints to the Security Council in the case of suspected violations of the Convention and the acceptance by the Security Council... of the obligation to consider immediately and effectively, as well as to investigate, all such complaints with the assistance of all States Parties to the convention would provide a necessary and sufficient safeguard for adherence to and implementation of the convention, as well as for the identification and limitation of any possible attempt at violation." During the consideration of the draft convention on the prohibition of bio- logical (bacteriological) and toxin weapons in the First Committee at the XXVIth session of the General Assembly, the Polish Delegation once more recalled the suggestion to adopt a Security Council resolution providing for the Security Council's readiness to consider immediately any complaints lodged under the convention, to take all necessary measures for the investigation of a complaint and to inform the States parties of the results of the investigation. It pointed out that the draft convention, supplemented by such a draft resolution "thus provides for the use of the most appropriate United Nations organ, which has the power to undertake necessary investigations and to take appropriate decisions", and expressed the hope that the draft resolution, which complements the provisions of Article VI of the draft convention, would be unanimously adopted in due course by the Security Council. The idea of adopting such a Security Council resolution met with a positive response from a number of Member States in the First Committee, including several members of the Security Council. 3 It would strengthen the draft convention and help to ensure its effective implementation if the Security Council gives its approval to the draft resolution proposed in document S/ REVISED DRAFT SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION THE SECURITY COUNCIL, WELCOMING i«lio desire of a large number of States to subscribe to the Convention on the prohibition of the development production, and .stockpillt ;; of bacteriological [biological] and toxin weapons t- on their destruction, DETERMINE, for the sake of all mankind, to exclude completely the possibility of bacteriological [biological] agents and toxins being used a^ weapons, BEARING IN MTND that under Article VI of the Convention the Staten partis will have the right to lodge complaints with the Security Conn :il together with a request for their consideration by the Council, RECOGNIZING the desirability that appropriate measures be adopted vntii •< view to ensuring the observance of the cbligr-t1o-.? contained i r. the Convention, and the particular need for urpon-.v in the investigation of complaints where there may be a possib^. '_ > u'. that use of biological methods of warfare has been Involved, TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION that the Convention expresses the desira of tl'c Gtates Parties to cooperate with the Security Cc'jr.c.J. for the purpono of ensuring the strict observance of the obligate on contained in the Convention, NOTING further Article VII of the Convention regarding the pro- vision or s\ijTort of assistance in accordance with the United Nations Charter to any Party to the Convention which so request:; if the Security Council decides that such Party has been exposed to danger as a result of violation of the Convention, 1. DECLARES its readiness; - to consider immediately any complaints lodged under Article of the Convention, - to hake all necessary measures for the investigation of a complaint, - to inform the States Parties to the Convention of the results of the investigation, 2. CALLS UPON all States Parties to the Convention to cooperate for the purpose of implementing the provisions of this resolution. < RpiarflsiG FICHE DE TRANSMISSION !?' l^^U^ ^Hflitf FOR ACTION POUR SUITE A DONNER FOR APPROVAL POUR APPROBATION FOR SIGNATURE POUR SIGNATURE PREPARE DRAFT PROJET A REDIGER FOR COMMENTS POUR OBSERVATIONS MAY WE CONFER? POURRIONS-NOUS EN PARLER; YOUR ATTENTION VOTRE ATTENTION AS DISCUSSED / COMME CONVENU AS REQUESTED SUITE A VOTRE DEMANDS NOTE AND FILE NOTER ET CLASSER NOTE AND RETURN NOTER ET RETOURNER FOR INFORMATION POUR INFORMATION jf Date: FROM DE: CR. 13 (11-64) transmitted to the Secretary-General a memorandum 49 tique allemande a adresse au Secretaire general un in which, mindful of the responsibility of the German memorandum 49 dans lequel, conscient cle la responsa- people for the maintenance of peace in Europe, it bilite qu'impose au peuple allemand le maintien de la proposed the elimination of a major hotbed of inter- paix en Europe, il proposait d'eliminer Tune des national conflict through a process of general and principales sources de conflit international grace a un complete disarmament, in stages, of the two German desarmement general et complet realise par etapes dans States. This proposal required, inter alia, that the two les deux Etats allemands. Aux terrnes de cette propo- German States should undertake to refrain from the sition, les deux Etats allemands devaient notamment acquisition, manufacture and stationing of nuclear s'engager a s'abstenir d'acquerir et de fabriquer des weapons. Implementation of the German Democratic arrnes nucleaires, ainsi que d'en recevoir sur leur terri- Republic's plan would keep all of Germany aloof from toire. L'execution du plan de la Republique demo- atomic armament. cratique allemande permettrait a toute I'Allemagne de rester a I'ecart de 1'armement atomique. In this context the Government of the German A ce sujet, le Gouvernement de la Republique demo- Democratic Republic would like to draw attention to cratique allemande voudrait attirer 1'attention sur la the well-known proposal of the People's Republic of proposition bien connue de la Republique populaire Poland regarding the creation of a denuclearized zone de Pologne concernant la creation d'une zone denu- in Central Europe. As early as 4 October 1957, I sent clearisee en Europe centrale. Des le 4 octobre 1957, a cable20 to the President of the General Assembly j'ai envoye au President de 1'Assemblee generale un expressing my Government's approval of this proposal. telegramme30 1'informant que mon gouvernement approuvait cette proposition. Inasmuch as both the Government of the Czecho- Etant donne que le Gouvernement de la Republique slovak Socialist Republic and, according to their recent socialiste tchecoslovaque et, d'apres leurs recentes declarations, the Governments of Sweden and Finland declarations, les Gouvernements suedois et finlandais support the idea of setting up denuclearized zones, it appuient 1'idee de constituer des zones denuclearisees, is now entirely possible to create a broad denuclearized il est parfaitement possible, a present, de creer en region in Europe stretching from Scandinavia to the Europe une vaste zone denuclearisee s'etendant de la Adriatic. The only obstacle to this is the negative Scandinavie a I'Adriatique. Le seul obstacle a cette attitude of the West German Government. mesure est 1'attitude negative du Gouvernement de I'Allemagne occidentale. In view of the yearning of all peoples to avert the Vu le vif desir de tous les peuples d'eviter le danger danger of atomic war, the Government of the German d'une guerre atomique, le Gouvernement de la Repu- Democratic Republic also attaches great importance blique democratique allemande attache egalement une to the adoption of resolutions to prevent the wider grande importance a 1'adoption de resolutions visaiit dissemination of nuclear weapons [1664 (XVI) and a prevenir une plus large diffusion des armes nucleaires 1665 (XVI)] and to create a denuclearized zone in [1664 (XVI) et 1665 (XVI)} et a creer une zone Africa [1652 (XVI)}. denuclearisee en Afrique [2652 (XVI)}. However, the Government of the German Democratic Le Gouvernement de la Republique democratique Republic cannot pass over in silence the fact that the allemande ne peut cependant passer sous silence le fait West German Government is engaging in accelerated que le Gouvernement de 1'Allemagne occidentale a rearmament for atomic warfare, permits the stockpiling entrepris un rearmement accelere en vue de la guerre of United States nuclear weapons in its territory, itself atomique, autorise le stockage sur son territoire d'armes tries to acquire control of such weapons and establishes nucleaires des Etats-Unis, essaie lui-meme d'acquerir bases for nuclear weapon carriers. West Germany's le controle d'armes de ce genre et cree des bases pour atomic armament is designed to serve a revanchist vehicules d'armes nucleaires. L'armement atomique de policy which is unmistakably aimed at the German I'Allemagne occidentale est destine a soutenir une Democratic Republic and other socialist States. It will politique de revanche manifestement dirigee contre la be recalled that on the occasion of the sixteenth session Republique democratique allemande et d'autres Etats of the General Assembly the Government of the socialistes. On se rappellera qu'a 1'occasion de la German Democratic Republic took the liberty of com- seizieme session de 1'Assemblee generale Is Gouver- municating to the President of the Genera! Assembly nement de la Republique democratique allemande s'est and the representatives of Member States extensive permis de fournir au President de 1'Assemblee generale factual data on these matters in a memorandum et aux representants des Etats Membres des donnees transmitted through the Czechoslovak delegation. completes sur ces questions dans un memoire transmis par la delegation tchecoslovaque. The Government of the German Democratic Republic Le Gouvernement de la Republique democratique is prepared to undertake to refrain from acquiring, allemande est pret a s'engager a s'ahstenir d'acquerir, manufacturing and stationing nuclear weapons and de fabriquer et de recevoir des armes nucleaires, ainsi from acquiring control of such weapons on condition que d'acquerir le controle de telles armes, a condition that the West German Federal Republic makes the que la Republique federale d'Allernagne occidentale same declaration and provides guarantees for its fasse la meme declaration et fournisse des garanties observance. The Government of the German Demo- quant a Texecution de ces engagements. Le Gouver- cratic Republic maintains its proposals for disarmament nement de la Republique democratique allemande or the reduction of armaments in both German States maintient les propositions qu'il a presentees dans les put forward in the above-mentioned United Xations documents susmentionnes de 1'ONU en ce qui concerne documents. In particular, it is prepared immediately le desarmement ou la reduction des armements dans « Document A/4S04. « Document A/4504. 50 Document A/3804. 50 Document A/3804. 104 to c'onclude appropriate agreements concerning the les deux Etats allemands. II est notamment dispose a creation of a denuclearized zone in Europe embracing conclure immediatement des accords appropries con- froth German States. cernant la creation en Europe d'une zone denuclearisee englobant les deux Etats allemands. (Signed) Lothar BOLZ Le Ministre des affaires etrangercs Minister for Foreign Affairs de la Rcpublique democratiqite aUcm-ande, of the German Democratic Republic (Signc) Lothar BOLZ DOCUMENT DC/202 Letter dated 3 April 1962 from the representative Lettre, en date du 3 avril 1962, adressee au Se- of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to cretaire general par le representant de 1' Union the Secretary-General, transmitting a statement des Republiques socialistes sovietiques et irans- by the Soviet Government on. tke question, of meilant une declaration du Gouvernenient so- the discontinuance of nuclear weapon tests vietique sur la question de la cessation des essais d'armes nucleaires [Original text: Russian] [Texts original en nisse] [4 April 1962] [4 avril 1962} I enclose herewith a copy of a statement by the Veuillez trouver ci-joint le texte d'une communi- USSR Government to the Disarmament Commission cation adressee par le Gouvernement de 1'URSS a la on the question of the discontinuance of nuclear Commission du desarmement au sujet de la cessation •weapon tests. des essais d'armes nucleaires. . I should be grateful if you would have this statement Je vous serais oblige de bien vouloir faire publier circulated as an official United Nations document. cette communication comme document officiel de 1'ONU. (Signed) P. Mosozov Le representant permanent adjoint Deputy Permanent Representative de I'Union des Republiques socialistes sovicti-ques of the Union of Sovi-et Socialist Republi-cs aupres de I'Organisation des Nat-ions Uni-es, to the United Nations (Signe) P. MOEOZOV STATEMENT BY THE SOVIET GOVERNMENT DECLARATION DU GOUVEKNEMENT DE L'UNION sovii- TIQUE "i-.'l. Since 2 January 1962, when the Soviet Govern- 1. Depuis que, le 2 Janvier 1962, le Gouvernement ment acquainted the Disarmament Commission with de I'Union sovietique a fait connaitre a la Commission the situation which had been reached in the considera- du desarmement ou en etait 1'examen de la question tion of the question of the discontinuance of nuclear de la cessation des essais d'armes nucleaires [DC/ weapon tests [DC/198}, events have been taking place 198], il s'est produit des evenements qui mettent en which cast a fresh light on the true causes underlying lumiere les veritables obstacles qui s'opposent a la the obstacles to agreement on the prohibition of nuclear conclusion d'un accord sur 1'interdiction des explosions test explosions. nucleaires experimentales. 2. Continuing their policy of increasing interna- 2. Continuant d'aggraver la tension Internationale, tional tension, the Western Powers belonging to the les puissances occidentales membres du bloc militaire NATO military bloc are constantly building up the de 1'OTAN accelerent sans cesse la course aux arme- nuclear weapons race. In September 1961, the United ments nucleaires. En septembre' 1961, les Etats-Unis States resumed its underground testing of nuclear d'Amerique out repris les essais souterrains d'armes weapons. In the tunnels and mines of the Nevada and nucleaires. Les explosions nucleaires se succedent dans New Mexico atomic testing grounds, one nuclear les tunnels et les mines des terrains d'essais atomiques explosion follows another. The intensity with which du Nevada et du Nouveau-Mexique. Le rythme auquel these tests have been and are still being conducted ont eu lieu et se poursuivent ces essais ne permet pas leaves not a shadow of a doubt of the fact that the de douter que les Etats-Unis ont fait en temps utile United States had made large-scale advance prepa- de vastes preparatifs, qu'ils ont creuse et equipe un rations, and had had excavated and equipped for testing grand nombre de galeries souterraines pour proceder a large number of underground chambers. a leurs essais. 3. This, however, is not enough for the most belli- 3. Cependant, cela ne suffit pas aux milieux les cose and aggressive circles in the United States and plus belliqueux et les plus agressifs des Etats-Unis et the United Kingdom, which are demanding the conduct du Royaume-Uni, qui veulent encore etendre 1'ampleur of nuclear tests on an even greater scale. At the des essais d'armes nucleaires. A la conference des Bermuda Conference held in December 1961, Mr. Bermudes, qui a eu lieu en decembre dernier, M. Ken- Kennedy, President of the United States, and Mr. Mac- nedy, president des Etats-Unis, et M. Macmillan, roillan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, came premier ministre du Royaume-Uni, sont convenus que to an agreement providing for co-operation between ces deux puissances feraient en collaboration des essais the two countries in the conduct of nuclear tests. On nucleaires. Les efforts des Etats-Unis et du Royaume- this occasion, the efforts of the United States and the Uni tendaient cette fois a preparer des essais dans United Kingdom were directed towards preparing the 1'atmosphere. Le Gouvernement britannique a conclu way for nuclear testing in the atmosphere. The United un marche avec le Gouvernement des Etats-Unis, 105 She Secretary-General - ^ J*™3** 3-972 L.N. KutakoT, UMer-Secretary-General for Political and Security Council Affairs Note on the Revised Draft Security Ccrondl Resolution pa the BW Convention \foen Poland vaa a member of the Security Council it planned to bring the question of tie adoption of a resolution by the Security Council concerning the BW Convention to -the Security Council during the Eonth of December. Eae pasrpose of a Security Council resolution would be to provide greater assurance to the parties of the draft Comraatjon on the Prohibition of the DeTelognent, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxic Veapona and on their I)e3truction5-aiat any ccanplaints brought to the Security Council vould receive expeditious and sympathetic attention. 2ie question was not, however, raised in the Security Council in December but was left over for the Council with ita new membership. As I have been informed there are three co-sponsors for this resolution at the present mcajent: Poland, the UK and Yugoslavia. Hie Disanaement Affairs Division has prepared a bacliground note on the subject. I attach hereto, for your information, a copy of the siote. COTEfTDSIiTIAL 21 December 1971 Note on the Revised Draft Sseurity Council Resolution on the BW Convention This draft resolution has "been submitted in connection vith the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on thair Destruction, -which vaa commended by the General Assembly in Resolution 2827 A (XXVI) on 16 December 1971. More specifically, the draft proposal has reference, in the first instance, to Article VI of that Convention, providing that Parties to the Convention vill have the right to lodge complaints of any breach of obligations with the Security Council, together vith a request for the consideration of such complaints by ths Council, The draft resolution ,a3so has reference to Article VII of the Convention, by which each Party undertakes to provide or support assistance, in accordance with the United Nations Charter, to any Party to the Convention which so requests, if the Security Council decides that the requesting Party has been exposed to dangers as a result of violation of the Convention, The proposal is intended to complement these articles by giving Parties to tha Convention added assurance that all complaints lodged vith the Council in accordance •with them vill be given the expeditious treatment thsy deserve. As stated in the draft resolution, there is a particular heed for urgency in the investigation of complaints vhere there may be a possibility that use of biological methods of varfara has been involved; thes-e are particularly dangerous and insidious weapons of mass destruction whose spread and ultimata effects are unpredictable and perhaps unconfinable, .The proposed draft resolution is a revision of a similar draft resolution contained in a vorking paper submitted to the Conference of tha Committee on Disarmament by the Delegations of Hungary, Mongolia and Poland on 10 August 1971» as document CCD/339. In submitting that proposal to the CCD, the Representative or Poland stated, inter alia: the Coaaittee submits to the General Assembly the draft con- vention banning bacteriological -weapons it should also, in our opinion, submit siraultansously tha text or the draft resolution of the Security Council on the subject that ve are proposing today. Of all the organs •which exist in the United Nations the Security Council is unquestionably the most acceptable one as guarantor that the convention will be adhered to. In accordance vith the Charter of the United Nations the Security Council bears the principal responsibility for the maintenance of peace and the preservation of international security. The Security Council possesses or has at its disposal all the measures necessary to iapleaent the functions I have aentioaed." (CCD/PV/523) The Representative added that: " . „ Js. systes of submission of complaint s to the Security Council in the case of suspected violations of the Convention and the acceptance by the Security Council... of the obligation to consider immediately and effectively, as veil as to investigate, all such coaplaints with the assistance of all States Parties to the convention vould provide a necessary and sufficient safeguard for adherence to and implementation of the convention, as veil as for the identification and limitation of any possible atteapt at violation." During the consideration of the draft convention on the prohibition of bio- logical (bacteriological) and toxin weapons in the First Committee at ths XXYIth session of the General -Assembly, the Polish Delegation once aore recalled the suggestion to adopt a Security Council resolution providing for the Security Council's readiness to consider isiaediately any ccaplalnts lodged under tha convention, to take all necessary neasures for the investigation of a coaplaint and to inforct the States parties of the results of the investigation. It pointed out that the draft convention, supplemented by such s. draft resolution "thus provides for the use of the cost appropriate United Nations organ, which has tha power to undertake necessary investigations and to take appropriate decisions", and expressed the hope that the draft resolution, "which complements the provisions of Article VI of ths draft convention, vould be unanimously adopted in due course by the Security Council. TJie idea of adopting such a Security Council resolution met with a positive response from a nuaber of I-'eaber Gtates in the First Ccicaittee, including several members of the Security Council. 3 It would strengthen the draft convention and help to ensure its effective implementation if the Security Council -gives its approval to the draft resolution proposed in document S/ REVISED DRAFT SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION I THE SEOJRITY COUNCIL, WELCOMING thfj doolro of a large number of Stater, to subscribe ; to the Convention on the prohibition of the development. production^ : and stockpiling of <>acteriological [biological] and toxin weapons &nr!. ' on their destruction, DETERMINED, for th.a sake of all mankind, to exclude completely ; the possibility of bacteriological [biological] agents and toxins being used as weapons, BEARING IN MINT) 'chat under Article VI of the Convention the ) States Parties will hn.vo the right to lodge complaints with the ! Security Council together with a request for their consideration by the Council, RECOGNIZING the durability that appropriate measures be adopted xtfith a view to ensuring the observance of the obligation- contained in the Convention, and the particular need for urgency in the investigation of complaints where there may be a possibility that use of biological methods of warfare has been involved, TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION that the Convention expresses the desire of t' o States Parties to cooperate with the Security Ccunc\i for the purpose of ensuring the strict observance of the obligations , contained in the Convention, NOTING further Article VII of the Convention regarding the pro- vision or support of assistance in accordance with the United i Nations Charter to any Party to the Convention which so requests i if the Security Council decides that such Party has been exposed f to danger as a result of violation of the Convention, 1. DECLARES Its readiness; i j - to consider immediately any complaints lodged under j Article of the Convention, ! - to take all necessary measures for the investigation of ; a complaint, ! - to inform the states Parties to the Convention of the j results of the investigation, j r 2. CALLS UPON all States Parties to the Convention to cooperate for the purpose of Implementing the provisions of this resolution. UNITED NATIONS yjgjfflj NATIONS UNIES INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM ~^^" MEMORANDUM 1NTERIEUR The Secretary-General °ATE= 11 January 19T2 REFERENCE: THROUGH: S/C DE: / „ FROM: L.K. Kutakov, Under-Secretary-General V yC/^ DE: for Political and Security Council Affairs ^\, SUBJECT: OBJET: Note on the Revised Draft Security Council Resolution on the B',/ Convention When Poland was a member of the Security Council it planned to bring the question of the adoption of a resolution by the Security Council concerning the BV7 Convention to the Security Council during the month of December. The purpose of a Security Council resolution would be to provide greater assurance to the parties of the draft Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxic Weapons and on their Destruction,that any complaints brought to the Security Council would receive expeditious and sympathetic attention. The question was not, however, raised ir. the Security Council in December but was left over for the Council with its new membership. As I have been informed there are three co-sponsors for this resolution at the present moment: Poland, the UK and Yugoslavia. The Disarmement Affairs Division has prepared a background note ... on the subject. I attach hereto, for your information, a copy of the note. COITFIDZJJTIAL 21 December 1971 Ilote on the Revised Draft Security Council Resolution on the B¥ Convention This draft resolution has been submitted in connection with the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction, which was commended by the General Assembly in Resolution 2827 A (XXVI) on 16 December 1971. More specifically, the draft proposal has reference, in the first instance, to Article VI of that Convention, providing that Parties to the Convention will have the right to lodge complaints of any breach of obligations with the Security Council, together with a request for the consideration of such complaints by the Council. The draft resolution also has reference to Article VII of the Convention, by which each Party undertakes to provide or support assistance, in accordance with the United Nations Charter, to any Party to the Convention which so requests, if the Security Council decides that the requesting Party has been exposed to dangers as a result of violation of the Convention. The proposal is intended to complement these articles by giving Parties to the Convention added assurance that al/l~cbmplaints lodged with the Council in accordance with them will be given the expeditions treatment they deserve. As stated in the draft resolution, there is a particular need for urgency in the investigation of complaints where there may be a possibility that use of biological methods of warfare has been involved; these are particularly dangerous and insidious weapons of mass destruction whose spread and ultimate effects are unpredictable and perhaps unconfinable. The proposed draft resolution is a revision of a similar draft resolution contained in a working paper submitted to the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament by the Delegations of Hungary, Mongolia and Poland on 10 August 1971, as document CCD/3J9. In submitting that proposal to the CCD, the Representative of Poland stated inter alia: "\Jhen the Committee submits to the General Assembly the draft con- vention banning bacteriological weapons it should also, in our opinion, submit simultaneously the text of the draft resolution of the Security Council on the subject that we 'are proposing today. Of all the organs which exist in the United Nations the Security Council is unquestionably the most acceptable one as guarantor that the convention will be adhered to. In accordance with the Charter of the United Nations the Security Council bears the principal responsibility for the maintenance of peace and the preservation of international security. The Security Council possesses or has at its disposal all /the measures necessary to implement the functions I have mentioned." (CCD/PV/528) The Representative added that: "... a system of submission of complaints to the Security Council in the case of suspected violations of the Convention and the acceptance by the Security Council... of the obligation to consider immediately and effectively, as well as to investigate, all such complaints with the assistance of all States Parties to the convention would provide a necessary and sufficient safeguard for adherence to and implementation of the convention, as well as for the identification and limitation of any possible attempt at violation," During the consideration of the draft convention on the prohibition of bio- logical (bacteriological) and toxin weapons in the First Committee at the XXVIth session of the General Assembly, the Polish Delegation once more recalled the suggestion to adopt a Security Council resolution providing for the Security Council's readiness to consider immediately any complaints lodged under the convention, to take all necessary measures for tjaesinvestigation of a complaint and to inform the States parties of the results of the^Jjnvestigation. It pointed out that the draft convention, supplemented by such a draft resolution "thus provides for the use of the most appropriate United Nations organ, which has the power to undertake necessary investigations and to take appropriate decisions", and expressed the hope that the draft resolution, which complements the provisions of Article VI of the draft convention, would be unanimously adopted in due course by the Security Council. \ The idea of adopting such a Security Council resolution met with a positive response from a number of Member States in the First Committee, including several members of the Security Council. It would strengthen the draft convention and help to ensure its effective implementation if the Security Council gives its approval to the draft resolution proposed in document S/ REVio^D DRAFT SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION THE SECURITY COUNCIL, MTr'i ";-'-o desire of a large number of Stater; to subscribe to tho Oonv -.r.i l.cii on the prohibition of the development production, and. :-,r,fick-jiV' ; of bacteriological [biological] and toxin weapon.1: i on their driri-^oiion, H:v\ for the sake of all mankind, to exclude completely the possjM 1 !. i-y or bacteriological [biological] agents and toxins being used a^ weapons, BFARTNO ~ti ITIND that under Article VI of the Convention the State. •-, Parti' .:; will have the right to lodge complaints with the Security cr-'.i:.-:il together with a request for their consideration by t-i'3 Council., Gi\TT7,iNJ the desirability that appropriate meacurec be aclo-t.~d vjt,i: •• view to ensuring tl\e observance of tite cbligr-tlo-.? coiitrri ned i r. •', -a Convention, and the particular neel for ur^en'-.v in Iha invoc'-.'.-atir n of complaints v;hero there may be a possib^. '. ' u'^ that use of ^iolo^ical methods of warfare has been involved, TAKING I ''0.0 CONSIDERATION that the Convention expresses the desire; of t.]x- -3tat.es Parties to cooperate with the Security Ccvr.c'.i for the purpcr-^ of ensuring the strict; observance of the obligate c.-i. contained in tho Convention, IIOTING iur'oher Article Vll^qf-the Convention regarding the pro- vision o s\- -Lort of assistance a\n accordance with the United Nathan char;":r to any Party to t-Vje Convention v.'hich no reqnerts if tlio fiocurr'.y Council decidcc -at such Party han been exposed to danger r.:i a result of violation of the Convention, 1. DJinLAT^ its readiness: - tr ^-nj.der immediately any complaints lodged under ArU.cle of the Convention, - tr i-nke all necessary measures for the investigation of a v - to inform the States Parties to the Convention of the results of the investigation, 2. CALLS UPON all States Parties to the Convention to cooperate foj; the purpose of implementing the provisions of this resolution. and other similar proposals should be given de la course aux armements nucleaires qui se poursuit -attention by tbe Disarmament Committee now actuellement. A notre avis, le Comite du desarmement in Geneva. qui siege actuellement a Geneve devra.it examiner de pres ces propositions et les autres propositions du meme ordre. It is for the same basic reasons that the Yugoslav C'est pour les memes raisons fondamentales que la n at the sixteenth session of the General delegation yougoslave a la seizieme session de 1'Assem- ly supported resolution 1664 (XVI), initiated blee generale a vote pour la resolution 1664 (XVI), {,i- the delegation of Sweden, the purpose of which due a 1'initiative de la delegation suedoise, dont 1'objet ^as "to halt further nuclear weapon tests and prevent est d' "arreter les essais d'armes nucleaires et de pre- the further spread of nuclear weapons". With regard venir une plus large diffusion des armes nucleaires". to this resolution, I am now in a position to state, on En ce qui concerne cette resolution, je puis maintenant behalf of the Government of the Federal People's declarer au nom du Gouvernement de la Republique Reoabiic of Yugoslavia, that it is prepared to give populaire federative de Yougoslavie qu'il est dispose favourable consideration to the possibility of entering a envisager favorablement la possibilite do s'engager JUTO a specific undertaking to refrain from manufac- expressement a s'abstenir de fabriquer armes turing or otherwise acquiring nuclear weapons and nucleaires on d'en acquerir de quelque autre maniere ;o refuse to receive such weapons in its territory on et a refuser d'en recevoir sur son territoire pour le behalf of any other country, provided, naturally, that compte d'un autre pays, etant entendu, naturellement, sacii an undertaking forms part of a general agreement. que cet engagement fera partie d'un accord general. It should be emphasized, at the same time, that such II convient cependant de souligner que, pour etre an undertaking to have any lasting and substantial durable et solide, cet engagement devrait s'appliquer meaning should apply not merely to the countries non seulement aux pays envisages dans la resolution envisaged in the resolution but should be extended also mais aussi a ceux qui ont deja sur leur territoire des to those countries on whose territories nuclear weapons armes nucleaires et des installations de lancement. and launching facilities are already located. It is, of Nous tenons evidemment pour acquis que les puis- coarse, our understanding that corresponding commit- sances nucleaires prendront des engagements corres- ments, will be entered into by the nuclear Powers. pondants. ' I need hardly add that, in supporting the idea of Je n'ai guere besoin d'ajouter que, en appuyant establishing what is now commonly known as a "non- 1'idee de creer ce que Ton designe maintenant sous le nuclear club", our purpose is in no way to countenance nom de "club non nucleaire", nous n'entendons nu'.le- the present nuclear club or to condone the perpetuation ment approuver le club nucleaire actuel ni excuser le of the existing monopoly of nuclear weapons, but on maintien du monopole existant des armes nucleaires, the contrary to help launch a process the early effect mais nous voulons au contraire favoriser le declen- of which should be to denuclearize the nuclear Powers chement d'un processus qui devrait avoir rapidement themselves through general and complete disarmament. pour effet de denucleariser les puissances nucleaires elles-memes au moyen d'un desarmement general et complet. {Signed) Koca POPOVIC Le Secretaire d'Etat aux affaires etrangcres Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs de la Republique populaire federative de Yougoslauis, Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (Signe) Koca POPOVIC Document DC/201/Add,3 Document DC/291/Add.3 COMMUNICATION' FROM A COUNTRY NOT INCLUDED IN COMMUNICATION D'UN PAYS NON COMPRIS DANS L'EN- THE SECRETARY-GENERAL'S INQUIRY QUETE DU SECRETAIRE GENERAL GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE ALLEMANDE [Original text: Germ-en] \Texte original en alleinand] [13 March 1962} [13 mars 1962} la connexion with the agenda and proceedings of Me referant a 1'ordre du jour et aux debats de la the sixteenth session of the United Nations General seizieme session de 1'Assemblee generale des Nations Assembly and with resolution 1664 (XVI) of 4 De- Unies, ainsi qu'a la resolution 1664 (XVI) du 4 de- cember 1961, I have the honour to inform you of the cembre 1961, j'ai 1'honneur de vous faire cormaitre position of my Government as regards the conditions la position de mon gouvernement sur les conditions under which it would be willing to enter into specific dans lesquelles 51 accepterait de s'engager expressement undertakings to refrain from manufacturing or acquir- a s'abstenir de fabriquer ou d'acquerir des armes ing atomic weapons. atomiques. The Government of the German Democratic Republic Le Gouvernement de la Republique democratique supports any step that serves to ensure peace and allemande appuie toute mesure tendant a assurer la bring about general and complete disarmament. It paix et a realiser un desarmement general et complet. therefore welcomes resolution 1722 (XVI) on general II accueille done avec satisfaction la resolution 1722 and complete disarmament unanimously adopted by (XVI) sur le desarmement general et complet adoptee the General Assembly on 20 December 1961. a 1'unanimite par 1'Assemblee generale le 20 decembre 1961. During the fifteenth session of the General Assembly Au cours de la quinzieme session de 1'Assemblee the Government of the German Democratic Republic generale, le Gouvernement de la Republique democra- 103 DATED 17 JANUARY 1962 FROM THE EEPRE- II. LETTRE, EN DATE DU 17 JANVIER 1962, ADRESSEE OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST AU SECRETAIRE GENERAL PAR LES REPRESENTANTS AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA DES ETATS-UNIS D'AMERIQUE ET DE L'UNION DES SECRETARY-GENERAL REPUBLIQUES SOCIALISTES SOVIETIQUES v,«- have the honour to refer to resolution 1722 Nous avons 1'honneur de nous referer a la resolution •v\'" •. "ol the General Assembly, adopted on 20 1722 (XVI) que 1'Assemblee generale a adoptee le '.'^^.-,rr 1961, and to inform you that, as a result of 20 decembre 1961 et de vous faire savoir que, a la suite .'JT,- -irinns undertaken between our two Governments de consultations qui ont eu lieu entre nos deux gou- 11,. "ir other members of the Disarmament Committee vernements et les autres membres du Cotnite du desar- ^Ht- establishment was endorsed by that resolution, mement dont la creation a ete approuvee par ladite -v,' Committee will meet on 14 March 1962 at the resolution, le Comite se reunira le 14 mars 1962 au t-isij- des Nations in Geneva. Palais des Nations, a Geneve. Accordingly it would be appreciated if you could En consequence, nous vous saurions gre de bien £„_.,_,,.(, to furnish the'necessary assistance and services, vouloir prendre les dispositions voulues pour fournir a* requested by the General Assembly in the resolution 1'assistance et les services necessaires, comme le prevoit tcv.ieT reference. In this connection we are grateful for 1'Assemblee generale dans la resolution susmentionnee. t&t preliminary observations contained in your aide- A ce sujet, nous vous remercions des observations ^noire of 9 January and on our part find them preliminaires contenues dans votre aide-memoire du asraily acceptable, 9 Janvier et que nous jugeons, pour notre part, gene- ralement acceptables. (Signed) V. ZORIN Le representant permanent Permanent Representative de I'Union des Republiques_ socialistes sovietiques oj the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics aupres de F Organisation des Nations Unies, to the United Nations (Signe) V. ZORINE (Signed) Adlai E. STEVENSON Le representant permanent Permanent Representative des Etats-Unis d'Amerique of the United States oj America aupres de I'Organisation des Nations Unies, to the United Nations (Signe) Adlai E. STEVENSON V-JMH3JMENTS DC/201 & ADD.lE8-3 Letter-fpeBLjIieSiecFefary-General to the Chair- Lettre adressee par le Secretaire general au Pre- man of the Disarmament Commission, trans- sident de la Commission du desarmement pour mitting a report on the inquiry conducted in lui communiquer uti rapport sur 1'enquete accordance with General Assembly resolution effectuee conformement a la resolution 1664 1664 (XVI) (XVI) de I'Aesemblee generale Document DC/201 Document DC/201 [Original text: English] [Texte original en anglais] [2 April 1962} [2 a-vril 1962} I have the honour to transmit herewith the report on J'ai 1'honneur de vous faire tenir ci-joint le rapport [the inquiry which, pursuant to General Assembly reso- sur 1'enquete que j'ai ete prie de faire par la resolution lution 1664 (XVI), I was requested to make. 1664 (XVI) de 1'Assemblee generale. On 2 January 1962, I asked all Member Govern- Le 2 Janvier 1962, j'ai demande 1'opinion des gou- ents to give me their views as to "the conditions vernements de tous les Etats Membres "sur les con- Under which countries not possessing nuclear weapons ditions dans lesqueiles les pays qui ne possedent pas might be willing to enter into specific undertakings to d'armes nucleaires pourraient accepter de s'engager refrain from manufacturing or otherwise acquiring such expressement a s'abstenir d'en fabriquer ou d'en acque- weapons and to refuse to receive, in the future, nuclear rir de quelque autre rnaniere et a refuser d'en recevoir weapons in their territories on behalf of any other a 1'avenir sur leur territoire pour le compte d'un autre ix>untry", so that I could report to the Disarmament pays", pour que je puisse faire rapport a la Commission Commission not later than 1 April 1962. I am therefore du desarmement le I61" avril 1962 au plus tard. Je vous forwarding to you a report to which the replies received communique done un rapport auquel sont jointes les as of today are attached. A large number of replies reponses reques a ce jour. Un grand nombre de arrived just before the deadline of 1 April and some reponses me sont parvenues juste avant la date limite are still outstanding. I think it preferable to circulate du I61" avril et certaines n'ont pas encore ete envoyees. taow the text of 'replies so far received in their alpha- J'estime preferable de faire distribuer des maintenant, betical order without any attempt at summarizing or dans 1'ordre alphabetique [anglais] et sans essayer de tabulating them [see DC/201/Add.2}. There is also les resumer ni de les classer, le texte des reponses appended a communication on the subject from a coun- regues jusqu'a present [voir DC/201/Add2}. Vous 28 Document DC/201/Add.l, containing the text of General 2s Le document DC/201/Add.l, contenant le texte de la re- Assembly resolution 1654 (XVI), dated 4 December 1962, is solution 1664 (XVI) de 1'Assemblee generale en date du 4 d6- not reproduced in this Supplement. See Official Records of cembre 1961, n'est pas reproduit dans ce supplement. Voir the General Assembly, Sixteenth Session, Supplement No. 17. Documents officials de fAssemblec generate, seizieme scssiont Supplement n° 17. 51 try to which the inquiry referred to above had not been trouverez aussi sous forme d'additif une communication addressed [see DC/201/Add.3]. This communication, rec.ue d'un pays qui n'avait pas ete pressenti au titre however, is also transmitted in view of the subject de 1'enquete susmentionnee [voir DC/201/Add.3], Je matter and the wording used in the resolution vous adresse cette communication etant donne son 1664 (XVI). sujet et les termes de la resolution 1664 (XVI). I intend to circulate in the near future replies received Je me propose de faire distribuer prochainement, after 1 April in the form of a supplementary report. sous forme d'un rapport complementaire, le texte des At that time I shall also be in a position to consider reponses qui me seront parvenues apres le ler avril. whether a comprehensive presentation of the material Je pourrai aussi, a ce moment-la, decider s'il serait received from Governments might be useful. utile de grouper en un seul document les communi- cations recues des gouvernements. (Signed] U THANT Le Secretaire general par interim Acting Secretary-General of the de I'Organisation des Nations Unies, United Nations (Signe) U THANT REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE INQUIRY RAPPORT DU SECRETAIRE GENERAL SUR L'ENQUETE CONDUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH GENERAL ASSEM- EFFECTUEE CONFORMEMENT A LA RESOLUTION 1664 BLY RESOLUTION 1664 (XVI) (XVI) DE L'ASSEMBLEE GENERALE General Assembly resolution 1664 (XVI), adopted Par sa resolution 1664 (XVI), adoptee le 4 decembre on 4 December 1961, requested the Secretary-General 1961, 1'Assemblee generale a prie le Secretaire general to make an inquiry into the conditions under which de proceder a une enquete sur les conditions dans countries not possessing nuclear weapons might be lesquelles les pays qui ne possedent pas d'armes nu- willing to enter into specific undertakings to refrain cleaires pourraient accepter de s'engager expressement from manufacturing or otherwise acquiring such wea- a s'abstenir d'en fabriquer ou d'en acquerir de quelque pons and to refuse to receive, in the future, nuclear autre maniere et a refuser d'en recevoir a i'avenir sur weapons in their territories on behalf of any other leur territoire pour le compte d'un autre pays. country. In pursuance of this resolution, the Secretary- En execution de cette resolution, le Secretaire General, in his circular note of 2 January 1962, general, par une note circulaire du 2 Janvier 1962, requested Member Governments to give their views a demande 1'opinion des gouvernements des Etats with regard to the aforementioned conditions. As of Membres sur les conditions susmentionnees. Au 1" 1 April 1962, the Secretary-General had received forty- avril 1962, il avait rec.u 44 reponses, ainsi qu'une com- four replies to his inquiry as well as one communication munication d'un pays non membre. from a non-member. The texts of the communications are reproduced as Le texte de ces communications figure en additif au addenda to this report in accordance with resolution present rapport conformement a la resolution 1664 1664 (XVI), which requested the Secretary-General (XVI), par laquelle le Secretaire general etait prie de to submit a report not later than 1 April 1962 on the presenter a la Commission du desarmement, le ler avril results of his inquiry to the Disarmament Commission. 1962 au plus tard, un rapport sur les resultats de son enquete. Document DC/201/Add.2 Document DC/201/Add.2 REPLIES FROM STATES MEMBERS TO WHICH THE REPONSES DES ETATS MEMBRES AUXQUELS UNE DE- INQUIRY WAS ADDRESSED MANDE AVAIT ETE ADRESS£E AUX FINS D'ENQUETE AFGHANISTAN AFGHANISTAN [Original text: English] [Texte original en anglais] [22 March 1962} [22 mars 1962] I have the honour to convey the views of my Govern- Me referant a votre note du 2 Janvier 1962 concer- ment in connexion with your note of 2 January 1962, nant la resolution 1664 (XVI) adoptee par 1'Assemblee co-icerning resolution 1664 (XVI) adopted by the generale, a sa 1070e seance pleniere, le 4 decembre General Assembly at its 1070th plenary meeting on 1961, j'ai 1'honneur de vous faire connaitre 1'opinion de 4 December 1961. mon gouvernement. The Government of Afghanistan has always favour- Le Gouvernement afghan a toujours considere favo- ably viewed any international efforts in the field of rablement toute action Internationale dans le domaine disarmament and has consistently supported such mea- du desarmement et s'est constamment prononce dans sures in the League of Nations and also in the United ce sens, tant a la Societe des Nations qu'a 1'Organi- Nations. It was on the basis of this policy that sation des Nations Unies. Fidele a cette politique. Afghanistan supported resolution 1664 (XVI) of 1'Afghanistan a vote pour la resolution 1664 (XVI) du 4 December 1961. 4 decembre 1961. The Government of Afghanistan supports the view Le Gouvernement afghan est d'avis que les pays qui that countries not possessing nuclear weapons should ne possedent pas d'armes nucleaires devraient s'abstenir refrain from manufacturing or otherwise acquiring such d'en fabriquer ou d'en acquerir de quelque autre ma- weapons and refuse to receive nuclear weapons on their niere et refuser d'en recevoir sur leur territoire pour territories on behalf of any other country. le cornpte d'un autre pays. 52 OFFICE DES NATIONS UNIES A GENEVE UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT GENEVA Telegrammes: UNATIONS, GENEVE Palais des Nations Telex : 22.212 ou 22.344 CH - 1211 GENEVE 10 Telephone : 346011 334000 332000 331000 REF. No : January 3rd, 1972 ( a rappeler dans la reponse ) Personal and Confidential Dear Mr. Secretary-General, I should like to take this opportunity of expressing my congratulations on your election as the Secretary-General of the United Nations and of pledging my best efforts to the service of the organization under your leadership. As you will be aware, I have had the honour of serving as the Secretary-General's Special Representative to the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament in Geneva since February 1st, 1971. I have served in this capacity under a fixed term appointment and my present contract expired on December 31st, 1971. Should it be your wish that I continue to serve as your Special Representative during the forthcoming period of sessions of the CCD, scheduled to begin on February 29th, I would saggest, if agreeable to you, that my contract be extended to cover the period from February 1st to June 30th, 1972. It would be of great import for me to have an opportunity to discuss with you in person the future work of the CCD with a view to obtaining your instructions and to reporting to you on my consultations regarding the future of the? CCD during the last session of the General Assembly. Ilkka Pastinen His Excellency Dr. Kurt Waldheim Secretary-General United Nations New York, N.Y. OFFICE DES NATIONS UNIES A GENEVE UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT GENEVA Telegrammes : UNATIONS. GENEVE Telex: 22.21? og 22.344 Palais des Nations CH - 1211 GENEVE 10 Telephone : 346011 334000 332000 331000 REF. No : January 3rd, 1972 (a rappeler dans la reponse) / L,- Personal and Confidential Dear Mr. Secretary-General, I should like to take this opportunity of expressing my congratulations on your election as the Secretary-General of the United Nations and of pledging my best efforts to the service of the organization under your leadership. As you will be aware, I have had the honour of serving as the Secretary-General's Special Representative to the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament in Geneva since February 1st, 1971. I have served in this capacity under a fixed term appointment and my present contract expired on December 31st, 1971. Should it be your wish that I continue to serve as your Special Representative during the forthcoming period of sessions of the CCD, scheduled to begin on Febru^T^ 29th, I would saggest, if agreeable to you, that my contract be extended to cover the period from February 1st to June 30th, 1973. It would be of great import for me to have an opportunity to discuss with you in person the future work of the CCD with a view to obtaining your instructions and to reporting to you on my consultations regarding the future of the CCD during the last session of the General Assembly. ./' ' lours/sincere- / / 'U>7 Tlkka Pastinen ^^ His Excellency Dr. Kurt Waldheim Secretary-General United Nations New York, N.I.