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In Search of the Indiana Lenape
IN SEARCH OF THE INDIANA LENAPE: A PREDICTIVE SUMMARY OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL IMPACT OF THE LENAPE LIVING ALONG THE WHITE RIVER IN INDIANA FROM 1790 - 1821 A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS BY JESSICA L. YANN DR. RONALD HICKS, CHAIR BALL STATE UNIVERSITY MUNCIE, INDIANA DECEMBER 2009 Table of Contents Figures and Tables ........................................................................................................................ iii Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1 Research Goals ............................................................................................................................ 1 Background .................................................................................................................................. 2 Chapter 2: Theory and Methods ................................................................................................. 6 Explaining Contact and Its Material Remains ............................................................................. 6 Predicting the Intensity of Change and its Effects on Identity................................................... 14 Change and the Lenape .............................................................................................................. 16 Methods .................................................................................................................................... -
Bibliography
Bibliography Many books were read and researched in the compilation of Binford, L. R, 1983, Working at Archaeology. Academic Press, The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology: New York. Binford, L. R, and Binford, S. R (eds.), 1968, New Perspectives in American Museum of Natural History, 1993, The First Humans. Archaeology. Aldine, Chicago. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Braidwood, R 1.,1960, Archaeologists and What They Do. Franklin American Museum of Natural History, 1993, People of the Stone Watts, New York. Age. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Branigan, Keith (ed.), 1982, The Atlas ofArchaeology. St. Martin's, American Museum of Natural History, 1994, New World and Pacific New York. Civilizations. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Bray, w., and Tump, D., 1972, Penguin Dictionary ofArchaeology. American Museum of Natural History, 1994, Old World Civiliza Penguin, New York. tions. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Brennan, L., 1973, Beginner's Guide to Archaeology. Stackpole Ashmore, w., and Sharer, R. J., 1988, Discovering Our Past: A Brief Books, Harrisburg, PA. Introduction to Archaeology. Mayfield, Mountain View, CA. Broderick, M., and Morton, A. A., 1924, A Concise Dictionary of Atkinson, R J. C., 1985, Field Archaeology, 2d ed. Hyperion, New Egyptian Archaeology. Ares Publishers, Chicago. York. Brothwell, D., 1963, Digging Up Bones: The Excavation, Treatment Bacon, E. (ed.), 1976, The Great Archaeologists. Bobbs-Merrill, and Study ofHuman Skeletal Remains. British Museum, London. New York. Brothwell, D., and Higgs, E. (eds.), 1969, Science in Archaeology, Bahn, P., 1993, Collins Dictionary of Archaeology. ABC-CLIO, 2d ed. Thames and Hudson, London. Santa Barbara, CA. Budge, E. A. Wallis, 1929, The Rosetta Stone. Dover, New York. Bahn, P. -
December 2010
International I F L A Preservation PP AA CC o A Newsletter of the IFLA Core Activity N . 52 News on Preservation and Conservation December 2010 Tourism and Preservation: Some Challenges INTERNATIONAL PRESERVATION Tourism and Preservation: No 52 NEWS December 2010 Some Challenges ISSN 0890 - 4960 International Preservation News is a publication of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) Core 6 Activity on Preservation and Conservation (PAC) The Economy of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Conservation that reports on the preservation Valéry Patin activities and events that support efforts to preserve materials in the world’s libraries and archives. 12 IFLA-PAC Bibliothèque nationale de France Risks Generated by Tourism in an Environment Quai François-Mauriac with Cultural Heritage Assets 75706 Paris cedex 13 France Miloš Drdácký and Tomáš Drdácký Director: Christiane Baryla 18 Tel: ++ 33 (0) 1 53 79 59 70 Fax: ++ 33 (0) 1 53 79 59 80 Cultural Heritage and Tourism: E-mail: [email protected] A Complex Management Combination Editor / Translator Flore Izart The Example of Mauritania Tel: ++ 33 (0) 1 53 79 59 71 Jean-Marie Arnoult E-mail: fl [email protected] Spanish Translator: Solange Hernandez Layout and printing: STIPA, Montreuil 24 PAC Newsletter is published free of charge three times a year. Orders, address changes and all The Challenge of Exhibiting Dead Sea Scrolls: other inquiries should be sent to the Regional Story of the BnF Exhibition on Qumrân Manuscripts Centre that covers your area. 3 See -
Tumbaga-Metal Figures from Panama: a Conservation Initiative to Save a Fragile Coll
SPRING 2006 IssuE A PUBLICATION OF THE PEABODY MUSEUM AND THE DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY, HARVARD UNIVERSITY • 11 DIVINITY AVENUE CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 DIGGING HARVARD YARD No smoking, drinking, glass-break the course, which was ing-what? Far from being a puritani taught by William Fash, cal haven, early Harvard College was a Howells director of the colorful and lively place. The first Peabody Museum, and Harvard students did more than wor Patricia Capone and Diana ship and study: they smoked, drank, Loren, Peabody Museum and broke a lot of windows. None of associate curators. They which was allowed, except on rare were assisted by Molly occasion. In the early days, Native Fierer-Donaldson, graduate American and English youth also stud student in Archaeology, ied, side by side. Archaeological and and Christina Hodge, historical records of early Harvard Peabody Museum senior Students excavating outside Matthews Hall. Photo by Patricia bring to life the experiences of our curatorial assistant and Capor1e. predecessors, teaching us that not only graduate student in is there an untold story to be Archaeology at Boston unearthed, but also, that we may learn University. ALEXANDER MARSHACK new perspectives by reflecting on our Archaeological data recovered from ARCHIVE DONATED TO THE shared history: a history that reaches Harvard Yard enriches our view of the PEABODY MUSEUM beyond the university walls to local seventeenth- through nineteenth-cen Native American communities. tury lives of students and faculty Jiving The Peabody Museum has received the The Fall 2005 course Anthropology in Harvard Yard. In the seventeenth generous donation of the photographs 1130: The Archaeology of Harvard Yard century, Harvard Yard included among and papers of Alexander Marshack brought today's Harvard students liter its four buildings the Old College, the from his widow, Elaine. -
World Karst Science Reviews
REVIEWS AND REPORTS / POROčILA world karst science reviews International Journal of Speleology ISSN 0392-6672 October 2008 Volume 37, Number 3 Contact: Jo De Waele [email protected] Website: �ttp://www.ijs.speleo.it/ Special issue on Palaeoclimate, guest editor: Dominique Genty TABLE OF CONTENTS Report of a t�ree-year monitoring programme at Hes�ang Cave, Central C�ina. Hu C., Henderson G.M., Huang J., C�en Z. and Jo�nson K.R., pp. 143 -151. The environmental features of t�e Monte Corc�ia cave system (Apuan Alps, Central Italy) and t�eir effects on spele- ot�em growt�. Piccini L., Zanc�etta G., Drysdale R.N., Hellstrom J., Isola I., Fallick A.E., Leone G., Doveri M., Mussi M., Mantelli F., Molli G., Lotti L., Roncioni A., Regattieri E., Mecc�eri M. and Vaselli L., pp. 153-172. Palaeoclimate Researc� in Villars Cave (Dordogne, SW-France). Genty D., pp. 173-191. Annually Laminated Speleot�ems: a Review. Baker A., Smit� C.L., Jex C., Fairc�ild I.J., Genty D. and Fuller L., pp. 193-206. Environmental Monitoring in t�e Mec�ara caves, Sout�eastern Et�iopia: Implications for Speleot�em Palaeoclimate Studies. Asrat A., Baker A., Leng M.J., Gunn J. and Umer M., pp. 207-220. Monitoring climatological, �ydrological and geoc�emical parameters in t�e Père Noël cave (Belgium): implication for t�e interpretation of speleot�em isotopic and geoc�emical time-series. Ver�eyden S., Genty D., Deflandre G., Quinif Y. and Keppens E., pp. 221-234. BOOK REVIEWS Jo De Waele Inside mot�er Eart� (Max Wiss�ak, Edition Reuss, 152 pages, 2008 - ISBN 978-3-934020-67-2) Arrigo A. -
Belief, Ritual, and the Evolution of Religion
Belief, Ritual, and the Evolution of Religion Oxford Handbooks Online Belief, Ritual, and the Evolution of Religion Matt J. Rossano and Benjamin Vandewalle The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology and Religion Edited by James R. Liddle and Todd K. Shackelford Subject: Psychology, Personality and Social Psychology Online Publication Date: Oct 2016 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199397747.013.8 Abstract and Keywords This chapter outlines an evolutionary scenario for the emergence of religion. From cognitive science, four mental prerequisites of religious cognition are discussed: (1) hyperactive agency detection, (2) theory of mind, (3) imagination, and (4) altered states of consciousness. Evidence for these prerequisites in nonhuman primates suggests their presence in our early hominin ancestors. From comparative psychology, evidence of ritual behavior in nonhuman primates and other species is reviewed. Archeological evidence of ritual behavior is also discussed. Collectively, these data indicate that the first step toward religion was an elaboration of primate social rituals to include group synchronized activities such as dancing, chanting, and singing. Control of fire, pigment use, and increasing brain size would have intensified group synchronized rituals over time, which, in the context of increased intergroup interactions, eventually led to the first evidence of supernatural ritual at about 70,000 years before present. Keywords: agency detection, burial, cave art, costly signals, evolution, religion, ritual, synchronized movement, theory of mind Anyone interested in probing the evolutionary origins of religion faces a formidable challenge: Belief is central to religion, and belief does not fossilize in the archeological record. Looking at a half-million-year-old Acheulean hand axe may tell us something about the maker’s technical skills, diet, hunting practices, and lifestyle, but very little about his or her beliefs—let alone the supernatural beliefs inherent to most religions. -
Geochemical Fingerprinting of Specular Hematite from Prehistoric
GEOCHEMICAL FINGERPRINTING OF SPECULAR HEMATITE FROM PREHISTORIC MINES AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN SOUTHERN AFRICA by ADAM VICTOR KIEHN (Under the Direction of George A. Brook) ABSTRACT Specularite ore was collected from five prehistoric mining regions in Botswana and the Northern Cape Province of South Africa and 172 samples were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis. A fingerprinting methodology was developed using the geochemical signatures of specularite sources represented by first-row transition metals. A validation set of 15 samples was chosen and underwent the fingerprinting process to test the validity of the method. A deductive elemental limit series analysis reduced the number of possible sources for each validation sample. Discriminant function analysis then correctly classified 14 of 15 validation samples and 6 of 7 specularite artifacts from archaeological sites in Botswana. INDEX WORDS: Specularite, Hematite, Geochemistry, Provenance, Geoarchaeology, INAA GEOCHEMICAL FINGERPRINTING OF SPECULAR HEMATITE FROM PREHISTORIC MINES AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN SOUTHERN AFRICA by ADAM VICTOR KIEHN B.S., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2004 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE ATHENS, GEORGIA 2008 © 2008 Adam Victor Kiehn All Rights Reserved GEOCHEMICAL FINGERPRINTING OF SPECULAR HEMATITE FROM PREHISTORIC MINES AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN SOUTHERN AFRICA by ADAM VICTOR KIEHN Major Professor: George A. Brook Committee: Samuel Swanson Ervan Garrison Electronic Version Approved: Maureen Grasso Dean of the Graduate School The University of Georgia May 2008 DEDICATION I would like to dedicate this thesis to everyone who has helped along the way and given me a push to finally get it finished. -
RAYMOND HILL: Good Morning
Tape A Side 1 SARAH CANBY JACKSON: This is Sarah Canby Jackson with the Harris County Archives Oral History Program, January 24, 2008. I am interviewing Raymond Hill in Houston, Texas, concerning his knowledge of the Juvenile Probation Department, Judge Robert Lowry, Harris County politics and government and anything else he would like to add. Good morning, Raymond. RAYMOND HILL: Good morning. SARAH CANBY JACKSON: First of all, tell me about your parents.1 RAYMOND HILL: It’s hard for me to do that because it’s hard for anybody to believe a person could have parents as good as mine. I’ve been in a number of groups where the groups had to make disclosures about, you know, their parents and their childhood. I tell mine and they say, “What you really need is a reality check,” and “You couldn’t have had it so good.” I’ll just have to ask you to forgive me, they were wonderful. That would be the overarching generalism that I would make. My father and mother, I truly believe, were absolutely honest. I believe they were extraordinarily generous. I believe they were deeply motivated to do the right thing and to extend the blessings of their lives to as many people as they possibly could during their lifetimes. They were not interested in money, as such, or making money and people would ask, “Well, why did your Dad do this or your Mother do that?” always looking for some sort of an advantage. The fact is that 1 George A. Hill, Jr. -
AP V49no1 Lu.Pdf
Early Pottery in South China TRACEY L-D LU introduction In this paper, ‘‘early pottery’’ is defined as ceramics dated to approximately 10,000 years ago or earlier, which have been discovered from the Japanese Archi- pelago, the Russian Far East, the Yellow and the Yangzi River Valleys, to South China (Tables 1 and 2). Pottery discovered in the Japanese Archipelago are dated to between 15,000 and 12,000 years ago (Tsutsumi 2000), or even up to 17,200 b.p. (Kuzmin 2006); those found in the Russian Far East are dated between 13,300 and 12,300 years ago, or 16,500–14,100 b.p. (Kuzmin 2006; Zhushchi- khovskaya 1997). Potsherds found in North China are dated to between 12,000 and 10,000 years ago (Guo and Li 2000; Zhao et al. 2003), those found in the Yangzi River Valley are dated probably up to 18,000 years ago (Boaretto et al. 2009), and pottery found in South China is dated to approximately 12,000 years ago (Institute of Archaeology CASS et al. 2003). It seems that pottery was manu- factured by di¤erent groups in di¤erent natural and cultural contexts at the end of the Pleistocene or the beginning of the Holocene1 in various places of East Asia, although it is not clear whether pottery was invented in one center or in multi- centers. There are many hypotheses on the origin of pottery, including the ‘‘architec- tural hypothesis,’’ the ‘‘culinary hypothesis,’’ which proposes that pottery was invented for cooking cereals and/or shells, the ‘‘resources intensification’’ hypoth- esis, and the ‘‘social/symbolic elaboration’’ theory (Rice 1999:5–14). -
UNESCO List of World Heritage Sites in Slovakia
UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in Slovakia Several of our cultural and natural properties were inscribed into the UNESCO’s World Heritage List. Bardejov and Banská Štiavnica's historical centre and its technical monuments, Spiš Castle- the biggest castle in central Europe, Vlkolínec Village with its wooden houses documenting our traditions and culture, wooden churches situated in eastern Slovakia are just examples of our historical monuments inscribed into the List. We would like to mention some natural treasures from the UNESCO List: unique caves lying in Slovak Paradise, Oak Primaeval Forest in North-East Slovakia. On the other hand, there are some treasures waiting to be inscribed into the List: Gothic wooden altar chiseled out by Master Pavol from Levoča, Limes Romanus-an ancient Rome’s border defence system or Tokai vineyards. Brief Description Spišský Hrad has one of the largest ensembles of 13th and 14th century military, political and religious buildings in eastern Europe, and its Romanesque and Gothic architecture has remained remarkably intact. The extended site features the addition of the historic town-centre of Levoča founded in the 13th and 14th centuries within fortifications. Most of the site has been preserved and it includes the 14th century church of St James with its ten alters of the 15th and 16th centuries, a remarkable collection of polychrome works in the Late Gothic style, including an 18.6 metre high alterpiece by completed around 1510 by Master Paul. Spissky castle, view from Drevenik Outstanding Universal Value The castle of Spišský Hrad, the town of Levoča, the associated sites in Spišské Podhradie, Spišská, Kapitula, and Ţehra constitute a remarkable group of military, urban, political, and religious elements, of a type that was relatively common in medieval Europe, but of which almost none have survived in such a complete condition with equivalent integrity. -
Ceramic Technology
Ceramic Technology Oxford Handbooks Online Ceramic Technology Peter Hommel The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology and Anthropology of Hunter-Gatherers Edited by Vicki Cummings, Peter Jordan, and Marek Zvelebil Print Publication Date: Apr Subject: Archaeology, Production, Trade, and Exchange 2014 Online Publication Date: Oct DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199551224.013.008 2013 Abstract and Keywords Although the use of unfired clay and even the production of non-utilitarian ceramic artefacts by Palaeolithic hunter- gatherers has long been accepted, their role in the emergence and spread of ceramic vessel technology has, until recently, received little scholarly attention. Pottery was seen as a technology of sedentary agriculturalists, for which mobile hunters and gatherers would have had little use. This article reviews some of the archaeological evidence that has been used to support a reassessment of this traditional paradigm, showing that the agricultural connection can often be broken decisively and that themes of practicality and prestige, which characterize traditional discussions of the emergence of pottery, can be equally successful in exploring its origins as a hunter- gatherer technology. Keywords: hunter-gatherer, pottery, ceramic vessel technology, origins AT the outset, it is necessary to make the distinction between clay (a natural argillaceous material that, when suitably processed, becomes plastic and can be shaped into almost any form), ceramic (which in this context is used to refer generally to clay forms, fashioned, dried, and deliberately heated at high temperature with the intention of producing a durable product), and pottery (which refers specifically to portable ceramic vessels). Though apparently minor, these distinctions are important and not merely for reasons of greater clarity in the following discussion. -
National Speleologi'c-Al Society
Bulletin Number Five NATIONAL SPELEOLOGI'C-AL SOCIETY n this Issue: CAVES IN WORLD HISTORY . B ~ BERT MORGAN THE GEM OF CAVES' . .. .. • B DALE WHITE CA VE FAUN A, with Recent Additions to the Lit ture Bl J. A. FOWLER CAT ALOG OF THE SOCIETY LJBR R . B)' ROBERT S. BRAY OCTOBER, 1943 PRJ E 1.0 0 . ------------------------------------------- .-'~ BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Issue Number Five October, 1943 750 Copies. 64 Pages Published sporadically by THE NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 510 Scar Building, Washington, D. c., ac $1.00 per copy. Copyrighc, 1943, by THE NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. EDITOR: DON BLOCH 5606 Sonoma Road, Bethesda-14, Maryland ASSOCIATE EDITORS: ROBERT BRAY WILLIAM J. STEPHENSON J. S. PETRIE OFFICERS AND COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN *WM. ]. STEPHENSON J. S. PETR'IE *LEROY FOOTE F. DURR President Vice·Prcsidet1l & Secretary Treasurer Pina~iaJ Sect'eIM"J 7108 Prospect Avenue 400 S. Glebe Road R. D. 3 2005 Kansas Avenue Richmond, Va. Arlin-glon, Va. Waterbury, Conn. Richmond, Va. Archeology Fauna Hydrology Programs &. Activities FLOYD BARLOGA JAMES FOWLER DR. WM. M. MCGILL DR. JAMES BENN 202·8 Lee Boulevard 6420 14th Street 6 Wayside Place, University U. S. Nat. Museum Arlington, Va. Washington, D . C. Charlottesville, Va. Washington, D. C. Bibliography &. Library Finance Mapping PubliCity *ROBERT BRAY *l.EROY FOOTB GBORGE CRABB *·Lou KLBWEJ.t R. F. D. 2 R. F. D. 3 P. O. Box 791 Toledo Blade Herndon, Va. Waterbury, Conn. Blacksburg, Va. Toledo, Ohio BuIletin &. Publications Folklore Metnbership DON BLOCH "'CLAY PERRY SAM ALLBN RECORDS 5606 Sonoma Road East Acres 1226 Wel.Jesley Avenue *FLORENCE WHITLI!Y Deorhesda, Md.