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Lessons from Kelp Farming in Bri Sh Columbia

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Lessons from Kelp farming in Bri1sh Columbia “First of all, let me say yes, you are getting enough kelp.” NEW YORKER, September 24, 1990 Louis Druehl Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre Canadian Kelp Resources PowerPoint Design: Hana Kucera Postels & Ruprecht 1840 Sitka, Alaska Druehlia fistulosa, Alaska Dragon Kelp Farmed Kelp Remediates damaged/lost kelp beds Produces biomass Shelter and hunting grounds for fishes Nutrition for wild and farmed animals Biofuels (Kelpanol) Fertilizers Food/pharmaceuticals Sequesters carbon Reduce local ocean carbon load Modify local ocean acidification Absorbs pollutants Nitrogenous waste from fish farming Heavy metals and radioactive substances …and kelp is fun! STAGES OF KELP FARMING Seed Planting Harvesting production Fall-Winter Spring-Fall Fall-Winter 8-10 months 25-45 days Canadian Kelp Resources and Nova Harvest, Bamfield, BC Greenhouse kelp seed production Applying seed string to cultivation line Long-line snap Seed spool Cultivation line LOCAL FARMED SPECIES Macrocystis pyrifera (giant kelp) Nereocystis leutkeana (bull kelp) Alaria marginata (winged kelp) Saccharina latissima (sugar kelp) Projected Productivity of Farmed Kelp Harvested Detritus Total Total wet kg/m wet kg/m Carbon#^ Nitrogen^ gC/m2/yr gN/m2/yr Sugar Kelp* 12 36*** 795 81 Bull Kelp** 20 60*** 1327 135 Sugar + Bull 32 96 2123 216 Mixed Nova 1750 Scotia Kelp Beds*** Puerto Rico 2100 Alfalfa Drawing from: Merrill and Gillingham, 1991. # Values projected from a 8 month growth period for a farm with lines spaced at 2.5 m. NCRI Publ. # T-91-011 ^Carbon 27.65% and nitrogen 2.82% of dry wt. Gevaert et al. 2001. J.M.B.A. UK, 81:727-734 *Druehl et al. 1988. Aquacult. Fish. Manage. 19:253-263. **Merrill and Gillingham, 1991. NCRI Publ. # T-91-011. ***Mann 1973.Detritus production, Science.182-945 World kelp production numbers Species Per meter of Reference rope Nereocys)s leutkeana (Bull Kelp) 5-22 wet kg Merrill & Gillingham Saccharina la)ssima (Sugar Kelp) 8-29 wet kg Kain, Druehl Saccharina groenlandica (Tangle) 24 wet kg Druehl Saccharina japonica (Kombu) 8-24 wet kg Kawashima Alaria esculenta (Winged Kelp) 7-12 wet kg Kain Alaria hybrid (Winged Kelp) 45 wet kg Kraan Undaria pinna)fida (Wakame) 5-10 wet kg Akiyama & Kurogi Manipula:ng kelp composi:on through farm management •Protein/carbohydrate composion: S. latissima grown at 2 m depth. June 11, 2003. Time of harvest Depth of culvaon •Phenolics /pigments: Depth of culvaon S. latissima grown at 6 m depth. June 11, 2003. Saccharina la*ssima Growth vs. Depth Advances in Cultivation Co-Cultivation of Nereocystis leutkeana and Saccharina latissima, An Oceanic Conservation Foundation Project. Canadian Kelp Resources Ltd. Island Scallop, Ltd. & Nova Harvest Ltd. Advances in Cultivation Sorus Initiation in Saccharina latissima Sorus New Growth Advances in Cultivation Delayed Laminaria longicruris Seed Production for Arctic Cultivation Sorus collection August 1993, Seed production/ Whale Cove, holding (Red Light) Hudson Bay, August 1993-July Nunavut 1994, Bamfield, BC Whale Cove iced in Kelp crop August August 1993-July 1995, Whale Cove 1994. Planted July 1994 Advances in Cultivation Breeding Stock Selection in Saccharina latissima F2 September F3 March 2015 2016 To be continued... Advances in Seed Production Some Kelp Products/Uses The Kelp Swizzle Stick that justifies that second vodka Feeding Farmed Kelp to Sea Urchins Replant Before Fed To Urchins Transport To Barrens Aer Fed To Urchins Urchin Barrens with Farmed Kelp A CKR & Huu-ay-aht Project Nile Creek Enhancement Society Maude Reef Bull Kelp Restoration Project submitted to Pacific Salmon Foundation, Community Salmon Program, February 2015, Prepared by: William A. Heath, Robert C. Zielinski and Amanda J. Zielinski A Macroalgae Bioenergy Project by Aaron Philippsen, 2011. Objective: Model kelp biofuel cultivation to meet 5% of BC’s vehicle fuel requirements. …in Tofino! Tofino Brewing Company’s Kelp Stout, made with Canadian Kelp Kombu (Laminaria setchellii) Find your kelp www.canadiankelp.com .
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