DOCSLIB.ORG

Chemistry Department 32.Pdf (10.36Mb)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chemistry Department 32.Pdf (10.36Mb) THE FABRICATION OF NANOMETRIC METAL SULFIDES FROM XANTHATE PRECURSORS By ALAN PIQUETTE Bachelor of Arts Western State College of Colorado Gunnison, Colorado 2002 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University In partial fulfillment of The requirements for The Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December, 2007 THE FABRICATION OF NANOMETRIC METAL SULFIDES FROM XANTHATE PRECURSORS Thesis Approved: _______________ __Allen Apblett___ ______________ Thesis Advisor ________________ Nicholas Materer_____ __________ _____________ __LeGrande Slaughter___ __________ _______________ ____Jim Smay___ _______________ _____________ __A. Gordon Emslie___ ____________ Dean of the Graduate College ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS It is with my utmost sincere appreciation that I acknowledge my thesis advisor, Dr. Allen W. Apblett, for his support, guidance, and motivation. He provided a research environment that was both friendly and challenging, which made my years in his group enjoyable and rewarding. His broad range of knowledge was something of which I was happy to take advantage. His dedication to teaching and research is something that will be a positive influence on me for the rest of my scientific career. I would like to express gratitude to my committee members: Dr. Nicholas Materer, Dr. LeGrande Slaughter, and Dr. Jim Smay, for their assistance, advice, guidance, and support throughout the years. I am deeply grateful to all my colleagues and friends in the chemistry department. I would specifically like to thank Sulaiman Al-Fadul, Mohammed Al-Hazmi, Zeid Al- Othmann, Mohamed Chehbouni, Satish Kuriyavar, and Tarek Trad for showing me the ropes, for their valuable discussions, continuous encouragement, and for all the help they extended during the course of my stay in the Apblett Group. It would not have been the same without you. iii I am also thankful to all the faculty and staff at the Department of Chemistry at Oklahoma State University for their help and kindness. I am deeply indebted to my siblings: Eric, Jeff, Paul, Megan, and Evan for their unwavering love, support, and friendship. Words cannot express how appreciative of my parents I have been throughout my life. Without them, I would be lost. Finally, I humbly thank God, to whom I owe everyting. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 Introduction to dissertation ..................................................................................... 1 Collaboration................................................................................................1 Dissertation outline ......................................................................................1 Motivation and scope of the research ..................................................................... 2 Basic motivation ..........................................................................................2 Importance of nanometric metal chalcogenides ..........................................2 Various routes to semiconductor nanoparticles ...........................................4 Summary of Results.............................................................................................. 10 Part one ......................................................................................................10 Part two ......................................................................................................10 Part three ....................................................................................................12 CHAPTER 2 SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATIONS OF METAL XANTHATE COMPOUNDS .................................................................................. 13 Introduction........................................................................................................... 14 Experimental......................................................................................................... 16 Materials ....................................................................................................16 Synthesis of group I ethylxanthates ...........................................................17 Synthesis of various potassium alkylxanthate compounds........................18 v CHAPTER PAGE Synthesis of transition metal ethylxanthates..............................................21 Characterization .........................................................................................23 Results and Discussion ......................................................................................... 24 Structure and thermal stability of alkali metal ethylxanthates...................24 Structure and thermal stability of transition metal ethylxanthates.............32 Tailoring the xanthate substituent for specific purposes............................36 References............................................................................................................. 40 CHAPTER 3 SINGLE PRECURSOR ROUTE TO SULFIDES: INFLUENCE OF THE METAL AND R-GROUP IN THE DECOMPOSITION OF ALKYLXANTHATES ...... 44 Introduction........................................................................................................... 45 Experimental......................................................................................................... 47 Materials ....................................................................................................47 Synthesis of potassium alkylxanthates.......................................................47 Synthesis of transition metal alkylxanthates..............................................49 Characterization .........................................................................................50 Results and Discussion ......................................................................................... 51 Metal influence: thermogravimetric analysis and decomposition products......................................................................................................51 Alkyl group influence: thermogravimetric analysis and decomposition products .............................................................................60 Conclusions........................................................................................................... 69 References............................................................................................................. 71 CHAPTER 4 LOW TEMPERATURE GROWTH OF ZINC SULFIDE NANOPARTICLES FROM ZINC XANTHATE SINGLE SOURCE PRECURSORS ....................... 73 vi CHAPTER PAGE Introduction........................................................................................................... 74 Experimental......................................................................................................... 75 Materials ....................................................................................................75 Synthesis of ZnS suspensions in DMSO ...................................................75 Characterization .........................................................................................76 Results and discussion .......................................................................................... 79 Preparation of ZnS nanoparticles from Zn(S 2COCH 2CH 3)2......................79 The decomposition of Zn(S 2COCH 2CH 3)2 ................................................83 DMSO bonding in the ZnS-DMSO complex.............................................88 Conclusions........................................................................................................... 95 References............................................................................................................. 97 CHAPTER 5 BROADBAND LUMINESCENCE FROM HIGH SURFACE AREA ZINC SULFIDE AND ZINC OXIDE.............................................................................. 100 Introduction......................................................................................................... 101 Experimental....................................................................................................... 102 Materials ..................................................................................................102 Synthesis of neat ZnS, doped ZnS, and ZnO...........................................103 Characterization .......................................................................................104 Results and Discussion ....................................................................................... 106 Thermogravimetric anaylsis of Zn(S 2COCH 2CH 3)2 and powder X-ray diffraction patterns of the solid decomposition products ..............106 Surface area analyses of ZnS and ZnO nanocrystals...............................110 Fluorescence spectra of ZnS and ZnO nanocrystals................................112 Conclusions......................................................................................................... 116 References........................................................................................................... 118 vii CHAPTER PAGE CHAPTER 6 INTENSE BROADBAND FLUORESCENCE FROM NANOCRYSTALLINE ZINC SULFIDE-SILICA AND CADMIUM SULFIDE-SILICA COMPOSITES ....................................................................................................... 121 Introduction........................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • I the Synthesis of Papyracillic Acids: Application of the Tandem Chain
    University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Winter 2011 I The synthesis of papyracillic acids: Application of the tandem chain extension-acylation reaction II Diastereoselective synthesis of beta-methyl-gamma-keto esters through the utility of an L- serine auxiliary Jennifer R. Mazzone University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation Mazzone, Jennifer R., "I The synthesis of papyracillic acids: Application of the tandem chain extension- acylation reaction II Diastereoselective synthesis of beta-methyl-gamma-keto esters through the utility of an L-serine auxiliary" (2011). Doctoral Dissertations. 644. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/644 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. I. THE SYNTHESES OF PAPYRACILLIC ACIDS: APPLICATION OF THE TANDEM CHAIN EXTENSION-ACYLATION REACTION II. DIASTEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF p-METHYL-y-KETO ESTERS THROUGH THE UTILITY OF AN L-SERINE AUXILIARY BY Jennifer R. Mazzone B.A., Assumption College, 2006 DISSERTATION Submitted to the University of New Hampshire in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry December, 2011 UMI Number: 3500790 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted.
    [Show full text]
  • United States Patent (113,607,865
    United States Patent (113,607,865 (72) Inventors John Dyer (56) References Cited Media; UNITED STATES PATENTS Lyle H. Phifer, West Chester, both of Pa. 2,694,723 l l 11954 Schramm ..................... 260/455 B 2l Appl. No. 732,551 2,761,247 9/1956 Meadows.... a 260/216 22 Filed May 28, 1968 2,825,655 3/1958 Meadows..................... 260/216 45) Patented Sept. 21, 1971 2,910,466 101959 Watt............................. 260/216 73) Assignee FMC Corporation Philadelphia, Pa. 3.141023,103,507 9/19637/1964 O'Boyle...Knoevenagel. 260/234 Primary Examiner-Lewis Gotts (54) PREPARATION OFXANTHATES Assistant Examiner-Johnnie R. Brown 10 Claims, No Drawings Attorneys-Thomas R. O'Malley, George F. Mueller and Robert G. Hoffmann 52) U.S.C........................................................ 260/234 R, 260/26, 260/455 B 51 int. Cl......................................................... C07c69132 ABSTRACT: A method of forming alcohol xanthates utilizing 50 Field of Search............................................ 260/455 B, a transXanthation reaction between an alcohol xanthate and 234,216 an alcohol, is disclosed herein. 3,607,865 PREPARATION OFXANTHATES erythritol Alcohol xanthic acids and their derivatives are known to be sorbital useful for a variety of applications including mineral flotation glucose agents, sulfidizing agents, rubber vulcanization accelerators, mannitol adhesives and as intermediates in the preparation of shaped 2-methoxyethanol articles, for example, regenerated cellulose fibers and films. 2-ethoxyethanol In general, alcohol xanthates have been derived by reacting 2-butoxyethanol carbon disulfide with simple and complex alcohols under al diethyleneglycol ethylether kaline conditions. Reactions of this type have been known for polyethylene glycols many years and may be seen, for example, in many prior U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • An Improved Method for BTEX Extraction From
    Analytical Methods Accepted Manuscript This is an Accepted Manuscript, which has been through the Royal Society of Chemistry peer review process and has been accepted for publication. Accepted Manuscripts are published online shortly after acceptance, before technical editing, formatting and proof reading. Using this free service, authors can make their results available to the community, in citable form, before we publish the edited article. We will replace this Accepted Manuscript with the edited and formatted Advance Article as soon as it is available. You can find more information about Accepted Manuscripts in the Information for Authors. Please note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the text and/or graphics, which may alter content. The journal’s standard Terms & Conditions and the Ethical guidelines still apply. In no event shall the Royal Society of Chemistry be held responsible for any errors or omissions in this Accepted Manuscript or any consequences arising from the use of any information it contains. www.rsc.org/methods Page 1 of 6 Analytical Methods 1 2 Analytical Methods RSC Publishing 3 4 5 TECHNICAL NOTE 6 7 8 9 An improved method for BTEX extraction from 10 charcoal 11 Cite this: DOI: 10.1039/x0xx00000x 12 13 Raffaele Cucciniello a, Antonio Proto a,*, Federico Rossi a, Nadia 14 b c 15 Marchettini , Oriana Motta Received 00th January 2015, 16 Accepted 00th January 2015 17 Abstract In this paper we propose a simple procedure for the extraction of BTEX (benzene, 18 DOI: 10.1039/x0xx00000x toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes) from activated charcoal. For this purpose synthetic samples 19 www.rsc.org/ were prepared in laboratory and real samples were collected in a polluted environment using 20 21 passive sampling.
    [Show full text]
  • 1997-11-12 Carbon Disulfide As Federal Hazardous Air Pollutant
    CARBON DISULFIDE Carbon disulfide is a federal hazardous air pollutant and was identified as a toxic air contaminant in April 1993 under AB 2728. CAS Registry Number: 75-15-0 CS2 Molecular Formula: CS2 Carbon disulfide is a highly refractive, mobile, and very flammable liquid. The purest distillates have a sweet odor. However, the usual commercial and reagent grades of carbon disulfide are foul smelling. It burns with a blue flame to form carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Liquid carbon disulfide will attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings but is non- corrosive to most commercial structural materials at ordinary temperatures. It is miscible in water, alcohol, oils, chloroform, and ether (Merck, 1989). Physical Properties of Carbon Disulfide Synonyms: carbon bisulfide; carbon disulphide; carbon sulfide; sulphocarbonic anhydride; sulphuret of carbon; dithiocarbonic anhydride Molecular Weight: 76.14 Boiling Point: 46.5 oC Melting Point: -111.5 oC Vapor Density: 2.67 (air =1) Flash Point: -30 oC (closed cup) Density/Specific Gravity: 1.2632 at 20/4 oC (water = 1) Critical Temperature: 280 oC Vapor Pressure: 297 mm Hg at 20 oC Log Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient: 1.70 - 4.16 Conversion Factor: 1 ppm = 3.11 mg/m3 (Howard, 1990; HSDB, 1991; Merck, 1989; U.S. EPA, 1994a) SOURCES AND EMISSIONS A. Sources Carbon disulfide is used in the preparation of rayon viscose fibers, and as a solvent for lipids, phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, bromine, iodine, rubber, resins, and waxes (Proctor et al, 1991). Carbon disulfide is also used in the manufacture of carbon tetrachloride, cellophane, flotation Toxic Air Contaminant Identification List Summaries - ARB/SSD/SES September 1997 193 Carbon Disulfide agents, xanthogenates, and numerous other chemicals (HSDB, 1991; Sax, 1987).
    [Show full text]
  • Carbonyl Sulfide, Dimethyl Sulfide and Carbon Disulfide In
    Atmospheric Environment 44 (2010) 3805e3813 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Atmospheric Environment journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/atmosenv Carbonyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfide and carbon disulfide in the Pearl River Delta of southern China: Impact of anthropogenic and biogenic sources H. Guo a,*, I.J. Simpson b, A.J. Ding c,T.Wanga, S.M. Saunders d, T.J. Wang c, H.R. Cheng a, B. Barletta b, S. Meinardi b, D.R. Blake b, F.S. Rowland b a Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong b Department of Chemistry, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, USA c School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, China d School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia article info abstract Article history: Reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs) such as carbonyl sulfide (OCS), dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and carbon Received 28 October 2009 disulfide (CS2) impact radiative forcing, ozone depletion, and acid rain. Although Asia is a large source of Received in revised form these compounds, until now a long-term study of their emission patterns has not been carried out. Here 19 June 2010 we analyze 16 months of RSC data measured at a polluted rural/coastal site in the greater Pearl River Accepted 22 June 2010 Delta (PRD) of southern China. A total of 188 canister air samples were collected from August 2001 to December 2002. The OCS and CS2 mixing ratios within these samples were higher in autumn/winter and Keywords: lower in summer due to the influence of Asian monsoon circulations.
    [Show full text]
  • Structural Modification of Xanthate Collectors to Enhance the Flotation
    Article pubs.acs.org/IECR Structural Modification of Xanthate Collectors To Enhance the Flotation Selectivity of Chalcopyrite † ‡ † † † Xin Ma, Liuyin Xia, Shuai Wang,*, Hong Zhong,*, and Hui Jia † College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China ‡ Surface Science, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6G0J3, Canada *S Supporting Information ABSTRACT: A modified xanthate compound similar to xanthogen formates, S-benzoyl O-isobutyl xanthate (BIBX), was designed by introducing a carbonyl and a benzyl group into the xanthate structure. The preparation, recovery performance, and mechanism of adsorption of this compound to chalcopyrite is discussed. BIBX was synthesized using a one-pot approach with superior efficiency, which has important commercial implications. BIBX’s performance in the recovery of and mechanism of adsorption to chalcopyrite was investigated via flotation tests, adsorption quantity measurements, FTIR spectroscopy, X- ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results show that BIBX displays a substantially stronger collecting ability toward chalcopyrite than sodium isobutyl xanthate and O-isopropyl-N- ethylthionocarbamate. Moreover, BIBX displays superior selectivity for chalcopyrite compared to pyrite. The adsorption data indicate that BIBX can be applied under slightly acidic or alkaline conditions. BIBX behaves like a bidentate ligand, bonding with the chalcopyrite copper through the thiol sulfur and carbonyl oxygen atoms. These findings are supported by FTIR and XPS data. DFT calculations predict two distinct adsorption geometries, one with one Cu atom to form a six-membered ring complex and another with two Cu atoms to form an “irregular pentagon”-shaped complex. 1. INTRODUCTION atom.
    [Show full text]
  • M.Sc. Chemistry Syllabus
    SYLLABUS FOR MASTERS PROGRAMME (M.Sc.) IN CHEMISTRY (BATCH-2016 and BATCH-2017) UNDER CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM (CBCS) DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, AWANTIPORA, PULWAMA, KASHMIR, J&K, INDIA, 192122. Department of Chemistry Islamic University of Science and Technology Master’s Programme A Master’s Programme consists of a set of Core Courses and Optional Course. The entire course carries choice based credit system. A Master’s degree in Chemistry course is divided in to 04 semesters comprising 02 odd semesters and 02 even semesters. Credits The term credit is used to describe the quantum of syllabus for various programmes in terms and hours of study. It indicates differential weightage given according to the contents and duration of the courses in the curriculum design. Courses Each course may consist of Lectures/ Tutorials/ Laboratory work/ Seminar/ Project work/ Practical training report/ Viva voce etc. Subject Code Fixation The following code system (5 characters) is adopted for Post graduate course in chemistry PXX PG code for department X Course Type X Specification of that course Example PCH CC 101 PCH-CC-101 PG Code Core Course Specification of that course CC– Core Courses: Theory & Practical DCE – Discipline Centric OE-Open Electives Department of Chemistry Islamic University of Science and Technology Total Credit and Marks Distribution for the Four Semesters Course Type No of Papers Credits per Paper Total Credits Marks per Paper Total Marks Core Course 14 4 56 100 1400 (Theory) Core Course
    [Show full text]
  • Global Analysis of Carbon Disulfide (CS2) Using the 3-D Chemistry Transport Model STOCHEM
    AIMS Environmental Science, 4(3): 484-501. DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2017.3.484 Received: 13 March 2017 Accepted: 17 May 2017 Published: 22 May 2017 http://www.aimspress.com/journal/environmental Research article Global analysis of carbon disulfide (CS2) using the 3-D chemistry transport model STOCHEM Anwar Khan1, Benjamin Razis1, Simon Gillespie1, Carl Percival2,! and Dudley Shallcross1,* 1 Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK 2 The Centre for Atmospheric Science, The School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Science, The University of Manchester, Simon Building, Brunswick Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK ! Now at NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA * Correspondence: Email: [email protected]; Tel: +44 (0) 117-928-7796. Abstract: Carbon disulfide (CS2), a precursor to the long-lived carbonyl sulphide (OCS) is one of the main contributors to the atmospheric sulfate layer. The annual fluxes from its sources and sinks are investigated using a 3-D chemistry transport model, STOCHEM-CRI. In terms of the flux analysis, the oxidation of CS2 by OH is found to be the main removal process (76–88% of the total loss) and the dry deposition loss contributes 11–24% to the total loss of CS2. The global burden of CS2 was calculated, varying between 6.1 to 19.2 Tg and the lifetime of CS2 was determined to be within the range of 2.8–3.4 days. The global distribution of CS2 found the Northern Hemisphere (NH) continental landmasses to be the areas of concentration maxima with peak concentrations reaching up to 20 ppt during June-July-August (J-J-A) season and 40 ppt during December-January-February (D-J-F) season in anthropogenic source regions.
    [Show full text]
  • JUN I 13998 Scienct LIBRARIES This Doctoral Thesis Has Been Examined by a Committee of the Department of Chemistry As Follows
    THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANOTIN REAGENTS FOR ORGANIC SYNTHESIS by David Scott Hays B. S. Chemistry, University of Illinois Submitted to the Department of Chemistry in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology June 1998 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998 All rights reserved Signature of Author Department of Chemistry May 14, 1998 Certified by Gregory C. Fu t' Thesis Supervisor Accepted by Dietmar Seyferth Chairman, Departmental Committee on Graduate Students JUN I 13998 scienct LIBRARIES This doctoral thesis has been examined by a committee of the Department of Chemistry as follows: Professor Peter H. Seeberger I_ _ /1 Chairman Professor Gregory C. Fu J _J Thesis Supervisor Professor Rick L. Danheiser THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANOTIN REAGENTS FOR ORGANIC SYNTHESIS by David Scott Hays Submitted to the Department of Chemistry on May 14, 1998 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ABSTRACT A method for the intramolecular pinacol coupling of dialdehydes and ketoaldehydes is described. The method was found to be useful for synthesizing 1,2-cyclopentanediols with very high degrees of diastereoselectivity in favor of the cis stereochemistry. 1,2- Cyclohexanediols were generated with lower degrees of stereoselection. This free radical chain process involves as the key steps: 1) an intramolecular addition of a tin ketyl radical to a pendant carbonyl group, followed by 2) a rapid intramolecular homolytic displacement by an oxygen radical at the tin center to liberate an alkyl radical. The development of a Bu 3 SnH-catalyzed carbon-carbon bond forming reaction (the reductive cyclization of enals and enones) is described, followed by a catalytic variant of the Barton-McCombie deoxygenation reaction.
    [Show full text]
  • Thiocarbonyl Complexes of Iron Jan Wallace Dunker Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1981 Thiocarbonyl complexes of iron Jan Wallace Dunker Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Inorganic Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Dunker, Jan Wallace, "Thiocarbonyl complexes of iron " (1981). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 6900. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/6900 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy.
    [Show full text]
  • New Eco-Friendly Xanthate-Based Flotation Agents
    minerals Article New Eco-Friendly Xanthate-Based Flotation Agents Milutin M. Milosavljevi´c 1,*, Aleksandar D. Marinkovi´c 2, Milica Ranˇci´c 3, Goran Milentijevi´c 1, Aleksandra Bogdanovi´c 2, Ilija N. Cvijeti´c 4 and Dejan Gureši´c 1 1 Faculty of Technical Science, University of Priština, Knjaza Miloša 7, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia; [email protected] (G.M.); [email protected] (D.G.) 2 Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, P.O. Box 3503, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected] (A.D.M.); [email protected] (A.B.) 3 Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Beograd, Serbia; [email protected] 4 Innovation center of the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 25 March 2020; Accepted: 10 April 2020; Published: 14 April 2020 Abstract: An optimal laboratory two-step procedure was developed for sodium/potassium O-alkyl carbonodithioate (sodium/potassium alkyl xanthates) production in the form of aqueous solutions. Sodium isopropyl xanthate (Na-iPrX), as the most effective salt in a real ore flotation process, was also produced at an industrial level and introduced as a collector for copper ores. In order to reduce toxicity of the flotation process and improve sustainability by minimising environmental impacts, collector efficiency and selectivity in the flotation process were studied in relation to possible synergism of xanthates combined with the derived biomass and biodegradable green reagents levulinic acid, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furanacrylic acid (HMFA), and condensation product of hydroxymethylfurfural and levulinic acid.
    [Show full text]
  • Department Chemical Industries Major Course Title Chemistry Code
    University: Foundation Of Technical Republic of Iraq Institutes The Ministry of Higher Education Institute: Kirkuk Tech. Ins. & Scientific Research Department: Chemistry Industries Lecturer name: Dr. Moneeb T. Salman Academic Status: Qualification: Ph.D. Department Chemical Industries Major Course Title Chemistry Code CHEM1 Course Instructor Dr. Moneeb T. Salman Course Description: Semester 1 The course involves the study of atomic structure, modern periodic table, chemical bonds and formulae, states of matter, analytical chemistry, chemical reactions, acids and Contact Th. bases and salts, fundamentals of organic chemistry, Hours 1 extraction, chromatography and polymers. (Hour/week) Pr. 2 Total 3 General Goal: The student will become familiar with the fundamentals of chemistry such as: atomic structure, periodic table, fundamentals of analytical and organic chemistry, extraction, chromatography and polymers. Behavioural Objectives: The student will be able to: · Do a general revision of atomic structure and electronic distribution · Study the modern periodic table · Know how to build the chemical formulae of molecules and compounds and their nomenclature and the type of bonds between atoms · Know the three states of matter and their application to some daily observations · Identify acids, bases and salts · Chemical reactions and chemical equilibrium · Know the fundamentals of organic chemistry 1 Topics The importance of chemistry, its common branches. Atomic structure and electronic distribution. Periodic table. Chemical formulae of molecules and compounds, nomenclature and the types of bonds. Acids, bases and salts. Chemical reactions and chemical equilibrium. Fundamentals of analytical chemistry, qualitative & quantitative chemical analysis, standard solution and indicators. Units of concentration Fundamentals of organic chemistry. Extraction. Chromatography. Polymers. Course Instructor Dr.
    [Show full text]