Megan Conner Matt Hill

Written by Megan Conner

Illustrated by Matt Hill Apple Trails

Author: Megan Conner Illustrator: Matt Hill

ISBN Print: 978-1-63260-198-8 ePub: 978-1-63260-199-5

855.200.SNAP www.snaplearning.net

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. This book contains material protected under International and Federal Copyright Laws and Treaties. Any unauthorized reprint or use of this material is prohibited. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without express written permission from the author / publisher. Table of Contents

Johnny Appleseed...... 4-7

John Chapman...... 8-9

Other Trails...... 10-11

Johnny’s Song...... 12

Johnny’s Apple Bird Feeder...... 13

Additional Source...... 14

Close Reading Check...... 15

Writing...... 16

Rubric...... 29

Quick Writes...... 30

References...... 32 Johnny Appleseed

clean through. With so many patches sewn on, they looked more like a patchwork quilt than a pair of trousers. The man also wore no shoes. He traveled hundreds of miles during his quest. His feet trod every step bare.

Legend says Johnny’s feet had toughened 3 greatly from all of his barefoot walking. He could endure the coldest winters and not feel the slightest chill! To top off his attire, Johnny always wore a metal pot upon his head as if it were a hat. Drawing of Johnny Appleseed, 1862.

1 Back in the days when American settlers traveled west from their homes in the east, there lived a man known as Johnny Appleseed. If anyone were to set eyes on him without first knowing the man, they would be startled. His strange costume set him apart from most men making their way on the western trails.

2 Johnny wore a coffee sack over his chest as a shirt with holes cut out on each side for his arms. His pants were worn almost

4 4 As strange as his appearance was, the mission he pursued seemed even stranger. When the wagon trains passed his apple farm in Pennsylvania, Johnny was inspired. He longed to go west to see the beautiful country beyond his home. However, Johnny was not looking to find new land or settle in a village. He wanted Photo by jefferyw on Flickr jefferyw by Photo to travel through the wilderness and plant apple tarts apple seeds.

5 Johnny loved farming apple trees. He loved apples. He loved all of the different, wonderful foods that could be made from apples. Some of his favorites were apple tarts, applesauce, apple pie, and apple cider (to name a few). To him, apples were

a symbol of healthy life. on StockPhoto og-vision by Photo

apple cider

6 Johnny knew that the men, women, and children traveling west were going to lands unsettled and unfarmed. There would be no fields waiting to be harvested when they arrived. He knew that these families would struggle to establish their new lives. For some, it could take years before they had strong roofs over their Photo by HHLtFave5 on StockPhoto HHLtFave5 by Photo heads and good food to eat. apple sauce 5 CANADA ichigan

Johnny’s Apple Farm

llinois Johnny’s oa Traels

ennsylania

Pacific issouri Atlantic Ocean Ocean

MAP KEY

location/state MEXICO Gulf of Mexico © d-maps.com GD: map of Johnny’s travels

7 More than Johnny loved apples, he loved seeds in one area, he would continue people. He cared about his fellow man. his westward trek. Johnny traveled as Therefore, the idea of families going far west as Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, and hungry as they headed west burdened his Missouri. In many cases, Johnny’s seeds heart. Because of this, Johnny followed were planted in areas well before they the dust-forged wagon trails carrying were settled. nothing more than his clothing and a green cloth sack filled with apple seeds. Once planted, it took years for the 9 Johnny walked from village to scarce seedlings to grow into strong trees that village. He ventured through forests and bore fruit. Consequently, many settlers rivers. Everywhere he roamed, he looked were overjoyed when years later they for rich soil to plant his apple seeds. stumbled across clusters of ripe apple trees. With an established food source, many

8 Years grew into decades. Johnny settlers chose to start their towns in the journeyed on. After spreading his locations of Johnny Appleseed’s orchards.

6 10 Those who had the opportunity to meet sleeping under the stars. He had no house Johnny during his pilgrimage enjoyed to call home. The wilderness around him his company. He was kind to all he came became his home and the people who across, including animals. He could would someday feed off his apple trees frequently be seen with one or two wild were his family. His trail was unmarked friends following close behind. and most who enjoyed the fruit of his labor never even knew the man existed.

11 Johnny’s heart was so filled with the joy Yet, his courageous and caring heart of loving his neighbor that he cared very provided for generations of those who little about himself. He spent his nights traveled behind him.

7 John Chapman

John Chapman was born in Leominster, 13 Massachusetts in 1774. In 1792, eighteen-year-old John and his half- brother, Nathaniel, traveled west. Eventually, John settled in Pennsylvania. There he established his first apple farm. However, one farm was not enough for John. He had a dream to plant so many apple trees that everyone could feed off of them and no one would go hungry. So, John traveled further west into Ohio Valley and Indiana. He planted orchards in each location. He moved John Chapman from Harper’s New Monthy Magazine, 1871. ahead of the settlers so that his trees 12 The story of Johnny would be grown before they arrived. Appleseed is one of

America’s most treasured The apple seeds John carried were 14 legends. Many children collected from cider mills. After the grow up hearing of the apples were crushed for cider at the strange, likable man who wandered the mills, the seeds were thrown away. John wilderness planting apple seeds. Johnny requested the discarded seeds. He used Appleseed is commonly perceived as them to plant his trees all over the west. just an interesting story to tell children. Settlers started to call him the “apple However, it is actually based on a real seed man.” In time, he became known apple farmer named John Chapman. only as Johnny Appleseed.

8 15 John was indeed known for his strange John Chapman bought and sold several appearance. In stature he was slender and plots of land. He developed thousands of wiry, with blue eyes and light brown hair. thriving apple trees. He used no form of tangible money, but rather, bartered with settlers. One of his In 1842, John Chapman took his final 17 most common trades was apple trees for journey back into Ohio. After decades clothing. It is suspected that this aided of walking through the wilderness, John in his strange appearance as he collected finally settled into the home of his half- whatever clothing was available to wear. brother Nathaniel. In March of 1845, John traveled to visit his friend William Worth 16 Legend portrays Johnny Appleseed as an in Indiana. During his stay he contracted aimless wanderer. In truth, he was very pneumonia. On March 18, 1845, John organized and strategic in his planning. Chapman died at the age of 71. He was During his almost fifty-year mission, buried in an unmarked grave near Fort Wayne, Indiana.

9 Other Trails The Pan-African Movement shared its 20 Wangari Maathai mission to conserve the environment and improve quality of life with over 40 repre- sentatives from other African countries. From this mission, Tanzania, Uganda, Malawi, Lesotho, Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, and others launched their own tree planting movements. For her diligent and successful efforts in promoting global awareness, Wangari Maathai was award the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004. She was the first African woman to Photo: Fredrick Onyango Fredrick Photo: receive the award.

Maathai (right) and President Obama in Nairobi

18 Johnny Appleseed is primarily an American historical figure. There

are, however, several other famous Ethiopia tree planters around the world. Ethiopia Uganda Nyeri, Kenya Kenya Kenya Tanzania Nyeri, Kenya Tanzania 19 Wangari Maathai was born in Nyeri, Africa © d-maps.com Malawi Uganda 600 miles Malawi Kenya, in 1940. In 1976, Maathai started Zimbabwe Zimbabwe an organization called the Green Belt Lesotho Movement. This organization helped Lesotho women plant over 20 million trees in The anAfrican Kenya. In 1986, Maathai and the Green oement Belt Movement established the Pan- African Green Belt Movement.

10 Other Trails (continued) he eventually purchased a total of 32 Abdul Kareem acres of rocky hillside. Kareem covered the hills with plants and seeds gathered from the wild.

For three summers, he hand-nursed the 23 plants. He even carried water from other locations to the hillside because there was very little water there. Then, in the third year, the trees grew into young adults Abdul Kareem’s forest park in Kasaragod, India and the water level began to rise. Shortly 21 Abdul Kareem was born in 1947, in after that, birds began to spread more Nileswar, India. In the early 1970’s seeds throughout the crops. Rare herbs Kareem met his wife. She was from the and medicinal plants grew from nature. village of Puliyankulam. It was here that The once barren hillside had turned into he not only found his future wife, but a flourishing forest. Environmentalists also his calling. For Kareem it was the have since taken notice of Kareem’s suc- calling of nature. It is said that he would cessful efforts. Today, special attention walk around the area frequently. Kareem is being directed towards this great said the sight of the barren hillsides were eco-destination. “a heartache of a sight.”

22 With little planning, Kareem sponta- neously purchased 5 acres of barren rock. He also purchased a small, dry well. As ndia Puliyankulam hopeless as the situation seemed, Kareem 200 miles Nileswar was confident that the land could be Kareem’s Forest Park Kasaragod made fruitful. He was so confident that

11 Johnny’s Song

24 Johnny Appleseed was not only a farmer, hymn from his church. Generations of but also a missionary for the New children have sung this song around Church. He felt that his journeys were campfires, in schools, and before meals a way to share the New Church gospel in American households. with pioneers. While he traveled, he often shared his songs with settlers he “The Lord is good to me, met along the way. And so I thank the Lord, For giving me the things I need,

25 The following song was perhaps one of the sun and the rain and the apple seed, his most famous traveling tunes passed The Lord is good to me.” down through legend. It was a traditional

12 Johnny’s Apple Bird Feeder

26 Johnny Appleseed loved animals. Legend tells many stories of Johnny traveling with animals as he journeyed from place to place. Johnny also knew that there were many animals that loved apples too. Horses and pigs, for example, eat apples as part of their regular diet. Other animals, such as birds, enjoy apples too. Here are directions for making your own Apple Bird Feeder.

Directions: 28

1. Slice apple into four even pieces.

2. Using the small screwdriver or nail, poke a small hole at the top of each apple slice.

3. Cover one side of each slice with peanut butter.

4. Pour bird seed onto a tray.

5. Press the peanut butter side of the apple against the tray of bird seed to cover the apple.

6. Tie a loop of string through the hole at 27 You will need: the top of each apple slice. • an apple 7. Hang the slices on a tree and watch the • peanut butter birds enjoy! • bird feed • knife • small screwdriver or nail

• string

13 Additional Source

Directions:Carefully read the passage below. American Legends by Irene Schuyler

legend is often an almost unbelievable story. 1 A This story is usually filled with incredible tales of skill. Actual historical incidents become exaggerated as storytellers retell the events over and over. Therefore, the story becomes a tall tale instead of a factual account. Further, the people involved grow to be famous legends. John Chapman is an example of this process. During his lifetime, he became Johnny Appleseed.

A portrait photograph of Martha Canary, better known as Calamity Jane. Photo: H.R. Locke via Library of Congress Martha Jane Canary is another example. Canary 2 was a frontier scout in the American west. She also was a friend of Wild Bill Hickok, a famous gunfighter. The American soldiers fighting the Indians in the west knew her as Calamity Jane. She was a rough woman of the outdoors. However, she also was well known for her kindness to others, especially the ill and needy.

Phoebe Ann Mosley was an American sharpshooter. She had a starring role in 3 Buffalo Bill’s Wild West show. She was a talented exhibition shooter. Her shooting ability was said to have been amazing. She became better known as Annie Oakley.

1. Find the word exhibition in paragraph 3. In the space provided, write your meaning of the word. Then, identify the strategy you used to determine 3 the meaning. Finally, explain how this strategy was helpful to you. ______

2. Determine the main idea of each paragraph. ______P1 3 ______

______P2 ______P3 ______

3. Summarize this passage in 25 words or less. 3 ______

4. How do actual historical events become tall tales? Cite and quote evidence from the text to support your answer. Underline the evidence in 3 the text. ______© 2013 SNAP! Learning® All Rights Reserved. 15 WRITING PROMPT

As part of the city Harvest Festival celebration, an actor will be presenting the story of Johnny Appleseed. The council has asked for willing participants to give an informational speech about how real-life people become legends. Speeches will be presented at the festival. Using more than one source, develop a main idea about how real-life people become legends. Choose the most important information from the sources to support your main idea. Then, write an informational speech several paragraphs long. Organize and support your main idea with details from the sources. Use your own words except when quoting directly from the sources. Cite the source title when using details from the sources.

R.A.F.T. Table

ROLE

AUDIENCE

FORMAT

TOPIC

I am ______. I am writi ng ______for role format

______about ______. audience topic

INTRODUCTION (MAIN IDEA Sentence)

SUPPORTING Detail CITE SOURCE

Title

Page # Paragraph #

SUPPORTING Detail CITE SOURCE

Title

Page # Paragraph #

SUPPORTING Detail CITE SOURCE

Title

Page # Paragraph #

CONCLUSION

PLAN IT!

OPENING TYPES SNAPPY! Opening Examples

SF STATEMENT / FACT It was August 28, 1963 when Dr. Marti n Luther King Jr. gave a powerful speech to nearly 250 thousand people in Washington, D.C.

? QUESTION Is it fair that one group of people is treated fairly and another group of people is treated unfairly?

Q QUOTE “I have a dream.”

A ANECDOTE It was a hot and humid day in late summer. I sat on the shoulders of my father looking out over a huge crowd of nearly 250 thousand people.

SNAPPY! Opening

LINKING Sentences

MAIN IDEA Sentence

SAY IT!

SNAPPY! Opening

LINKING Sentences

MAIN IDEA Sentence

WRITE IT!

READ IT! SF STATEMENT / FACT INDENT PARAGRAPH ? QUESTION L LINKING SENTENCES CHECK IT! Q QUOTE MI MAIN IDEA SENTENCE

SNAPPY! Opening SNAPPY! A ANECDOTE

PLAN IT!

SUPPORTING Detail

ELABORATE

QUOTE or PARAPHRASE a detail from a source CITE SOURCE

Title

Page # Paragraph #

TRANSITIONS Table

1 In the ﬁ rst place For example 2 The author states To begin with As an illustrati on The text says First The author says According to ______,author

SAY IT! 1 Transiti on , 1st supporti ng detail elaborate

Transiti on 2 , quote or paraphrase a detail from a source

WRITE IT!

READ IT! INDENT PARAGRAPH Q QUOTE T TRANSITIONS P PARAPHRASE CHECK IT! SD SUPPORTING DETAIL EL ELABORATION CS CITE SOURCE

PLAN IT!

SUPPORTING Detail

ELABORATE

QUOTE or PARAPHRASE a detail from a source CITE SOURCE

Title

Page # Paragraph #

TRANSITIONS Table

1 Second Further 2 The author states Another Furthermore The text says Additi onally Similarly The author says In additi on Later According to ______,author

SAY IT! 1 Transiti on , 2nd supporti ng detail

elaborate

Transiti on 2 , quote or paraphrase a detail from a source

WRITE IT!

READ IT! INDENT PARAGRAPH Q QUOTE T TRANSITIONS P PARAPHRASE CHECK IT! SD SUPPORTING DETAIL CS CITE SOURCE EL ELABORATION

PLAN IT!

SUPPORTING Detail

ELABORATE

QUOTE or PARAPHRASE a detail from a source CITE SOURCE

Title

Page # Paragraph #

TRANSITIONS Table

1 Finally In the same way 2 The author states Last Along with The text says Third Of note The author says A ﬁ nal example On the other hand According to ______,author

SAY IT! 1 Transiti on , 3rd supporti ng detail elaborate

Transiti on 2 , quote or paraphrase a detail from a source

WRITE IT!

READ IT! INDENT PARAGRAPH Q QUOTE T TRANSITIONS P PARAPHRASE CHECK IT! SD SUPPORTING DETAIL CS CITE SOURCE EL ELABORATION

PLAN IT!

CLOSING TYPES SNAPPY Closing Examples ? WONDER /QUESTION I wonder what Marti n Luther King would think of America today?

M MESSAGE / MORAL Peaceful protests can lead to change.

PS POWERFUL STATEMENT He will long be remembered for his peaceful eﬀ orts to make change.

CC CLEVER CONNECTION The dream lives on!

Restate the MAIN IDEA

SUMMARIZE the Supporting Details

SNAPPY! Closing

TRANSITIONS Table

1 In closing In conclusion 2 As stated, As discussed, To conclude In brief As noted, In other words, In summary To sum up As shown above, Therefore, To summarize

SAY IT!

1 Transiti on , restate or paraphrase the main idea Transiti on 2 , summarize supporti ng details SNAPPY! closing

WRITE IT!

READ IT! INDENT PARAGRAPH ? WONDER / QUESTION

T TRANSITIONS M MESSAGE / MORAL CHECK IT! SD SUPPORTING DETAILS PS POWERFUL STATEMENT RMI RESTATE MAIN IDEA

SNAPPY! CLOSING SNAPPY! CC CLEVER CONNECTION

WRITE IT!

RUBRIC

PURPOSE & States a clear main idea, stays on topic ORGANIZATION Is well-organized

Has an introducti on and conclusion

Uses appropriate transiti ons

SUBTOTAL

EVIDENCE & Quotes or paraphrases from sources to support the main idea and ELABORATION supporti ng details

Elaborates the main idea and supporti ng details with examples, personal experiences, or details from the text

Develops ideas clearly using appropriate vocabulary (uses vocabulary from sources)

Style is appropriate for the format and audience (formal and academic)

SUBTOTAL

CONVENTIONS Uses proper spelling, punctuati on, and capitalizati on

Uses correct grammar and sentence formati on

SUBTOTAL

TOTAL SCORE

Crispy’s Apple Stand. The Story of Johnny Appleseed. Retrieved on 18 August 2013 from: http://www.bestapples.com/kids/teachers/johnny.shtml

Gada, Nikesh. Johnny Appleseed. Retrieved on 18 August from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cm4xsHXrSGs

Harrison, Elizabeth. Old Johnny Appleseed. The Junior Classics: Stories of Courage and Heroism vol. 7. Project Gruttenberg. Retrieved on 18 August 2013 from: http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext04/8jrc710.txt

Jones, William B. (2002). Johnny Appleseed. Trajectory Comics – Classics Illustrated Junior.

Images Page 4 [Drawing of Jonathan Chapman, aka Johnny Appleseed.] by H.S. Knapp Source: A History of the Pioneer and Modern Times of Ashland County. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co. (1862) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Johnny_Appleseed_1.jpg

Page5 Apple Tarts by jefferyw, CC BY 2.0 http://www.flickr.com/photos/jeffreyww/5224905774/

Applesauce with apple garnish ©istockphoto.com/HHLtDave5 http://www.istockphoto.com/stock-photo-11008010-applesauce-with-apple-garnish.php

Page 8 Johnny Appleseed, Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, 1871 http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Japple.gif

[US stamp honoring Johnny Appleseed.] Source: United States Postal Service¬¬ http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:0Appleseed.jpg

Page 10 Maathai and Obama in Nairobi [photograph]. Fredrick Onyango, CC BY 2.0 http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maathai_and_Obama_in_Nairobi.jpg

Page 11 [Abdul Kareem’s Forest Park in Kasaragod, India] http://kannadigaworld.com/news/vishishta/32432.html

Page 14 Calamity Jane, Gen. Crook’s scout http://loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3b41206/

EAN